JPH02153319A - Patterned dimming material and its production - Google Patents
Patterned dimming material and its productionInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02153319A JPH02153319A JP30818888A JP30818888A JPH02153319A JP H02153319 A JPH02153319 A JP H02153319A JP 30818888 A JP30818888 A JP 30818888A JP 30818888 A JP30818888 A JP 30818888A JP H02153319 A JPH02153319 A JP H02153319A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- transparent
- voltage
- liquid crystal
- crystal layer
- light control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
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Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
〔産業上の利用分野〕
本発明は、光学的性質に差を生じさせてデイスプレィ、
看板、ブラインド、採光材、間仕切り等の各種調光用途
に使用される模様入り調光材に関する。[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Industrial Field of Application] The present invention provides a method for producing a display by creating a difference in optical properties.
This product relates to patterned light control materials used for various light control applications such as signboards, blinds, daylighting materials, and partitions.
（従来の技術〕
液晶を利用した調光材としては、ネマチック液晶をポリ
ビニルアルコール水溶液中に乳化分散させてカプセル化
し、これを透明電極基材上に塗布、乾燥して液晶層を形
成した後、その上に対向電橋となるもう一枚の透明電極
基材を接着した調光材が知られている（特表昭５８−５
０１６３１号）。(Prior art) As a light control material using liquid crystal, nematic liquid crystal is emulsified and dispersed in an aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution, encapsulated, coated on a transparent electrode base material, dried to form a liquid crystal layer, and then A light control material is known in which another transparent electrode base material that serves as an opposing electric bridge is glued on top of the light control material (Top Publication No. 58-5
No. 01631).
また、ビスフェノールＡ型のエポキシ樹脂マトリックス
中に液晶をカプセル化しないで分散させた液晶層を、相
対向する透明電極基材の間に形成した調光材も知られて
いる（特表昭６１−５０２１２８号）。In addition, a light control material is also known in which a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal is dispersed without being encapsulated in a bisphenol A type epoxy resin matrix is formed between opposing transparent electrode base materials (Top Publication No. 1983- No. 502128).
これらの調光材は、透明電極間に電圧を印加すると、液
晶層が白濁した光散乱状態から透明な光透過状態に変化
するので、前記した種々の調光用途が見込まれる。In these light control materials, when a voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes, the liquid crystal layer changes from a cloudy light-scattering state to a transparent light-transmitting state, so that it is expected to be used in the various light control applications described above.
しかしながら、上記調光材の透明電極基材は、透明プラ
スチックフィルム等の透明基材の片面全体にＩＴＯ等の
金属酸化物を蒸着するか、又は透明導電塗料を塗布する
ことによって、透明基材の片面全体に透明電極を形成し
たものであるため、透明電極間に電圧を印加すると、液
晶層全体が白濁状態から透明に変化し、模様などを発現
させたり消失させたりすることが出来なかった。However, the transparent electrode base material of the above-mentioned light control material can be made by vapor-depositing a metal oxide such as ITO on one side of a transparent base material such as a transparent plastic film, or by coating a transparent conductive paint. Since transparent electrodes were formed on the entire surface of one side, when a voltage was applied between the transparent electrodes, the entire liquid crystal layer changed from a cloudy state to a transparent state, making it impossible to develop or eliminate patterns.
そこで、本発明者らは、少なくとも一方の透明電極をエ
ツチング等の手段で所望の模様又は図柄状にパターン化
した調光材を既に提案した（特願昭６３−１６４５３０
号）。かかる調光材は、透明電極間に電圧を印加しない
ときには、従来の調光材と同様に液晶層が全体的に白濁
しているが、電圧を印加すると、液晶層がパターン化さ
れた一方の透明電極のパターン形状通りに透明になり、
その他の部分は白濁状態のまま残るため、透明のすかし
模様が発現して変化に冨む調光を行うことができる。け
れども、液晶層全体を透明にすることができないので、
光透過を優先する調光用途には不向きであった。Therefore, the present inventors have already proposed a light control material in which at least one transparent electrode is patterned into a desired pattern or design by means such as etching (Japanese Patent Application No. 63-164530
issue). In such a light control material, when no voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes, the entire liquid crystal layer becomes cloudy like in conventional light control materials, but when a voltage is applied, one of the patterned liquid crystal layers becomes cloudy. It becomes transparent according to the pattern shape of the transparent electrode,
Since the other parts remain cloudy, a transparent watermark pattern appears, allowing for variable light control. However, since it is not possible to make the entire liquid crystal layer transparent,
It was unsuitable for light control applications that prioritize light transmission.
しかも、上記のように透明電極をエツチングによりパタ
ーン化する場合は、最初、透明電極表面にフォトレジス
ト膜を形成し、その上にパターンが形成されたマスク板
を重ね合わせ、露光によりフォトレジスト膜を該パター
ン形状に窓開けしてからエツチング液に浸漬し、最後に
表面に残るフォトレジスト膜を除去しなければならない
ので、手間がかかりコスト高になるという問題があった
。Furthermore, when patterning a transparent electrode by etching as described above, a photoresist film is first formed on the surface of the transparent electrode, a mask plate with a pattern formed thereon is placed on top of the photoresist film, and the photoresist film is exposed to light. It is necessary to open a window in the patterned shape, immerse it in an etching solution, and finally remove the photoresist film remaining on the surface, which is time consuming and costly.
本発明は上記の事情に鑑みてなされたもので、その目的
とするところは、電圧無印加のときに全体が白濁し、印
加電圧を変化させると白濁模様が発現したり全体が透明
になったりし、しかもエツチング等より蟲かに間車な手
段で模様発現部を液晶層に形成することができる模様入
り調光材、及びその製造方法を提供することにある。The present invention was made in view of the above circumstances, and its purpose is to prevent the entire surface from becoming cloudy when no voltage is applied, and when the applied voltage is changed, a cloudy pattern appears or the entire surface becomes transparent. However, it is an object of the present invention to provide a patterned light control material and a method for producing the same, in which a pattern-producing portion can be formed in a liquid crystal layer by a method much faster than etching or the like.
上記目的を達成するため、本発明の模様入り調光材は、
固化した樹脂マトリックス中に液晶が分散された液晶層
と、その両面に積層された透明電極とを少なくとも具備
する調光材であって、該液晶層には、低い電圧で透明に
変化する低電圧透明化部と、高い電圧で透明に変化する
高電圧透明化部とが形成されていることを特徴とするも
のであり、また、本発明の製造方法は、固化した樹脂マ
トリックス中に液晶が分散された液晶層と、その両面に
積層された透明電極とを少なくとも具備する調光材を作
製し、模様パターンが形成されたマスク材を調光材の片
面に重ね合わせて、光線をマスク材越しに調光材に照射
することを特徴とするものである。In order to achieve the above object, the patterned light control material of the present invention:
A light control material comprising at least a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal is dispersed in a solidified resin matrix, and transparent electrodes laminated on both sides of the liquid crystal layer, and the liquid crystal layer is provided with a low voltage that changes to become transparent at a low voltage. The manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized by forming a transparent part and a high-voltage transparent part that becomes transparent at high voltage. A light control material comprising at least a liquid crystal layer and transparent electrodes laminated on both sides of the light control material is made, and a mask material on which a pattern is formed is placed on one side of the light control material to direct light through the mask material. It is characterized by irradiating the light control material.
本明細書にいう「模様」とは、模様のみならず図柄、文
字、記号等を全て包括する広い概念の用語であり、また
「透明化」とは、透明度の極めて高い状態に変化するこ
との他、白濁箇所と区別できる程度の半透明状態に変化
することをも含む概念の用語である。"Pattern" as used herein is a broad term that includes not only patterns but also designs, characters, symbols, etc., and "transparency" refers to a change to a state of extremely high transparency. In addition, it is a conceptual term that also includes a change to a translucent state that can be distinguished from a cloudy area.
固化した樹脂マｌ−ＩＪソクス中に液晶が分散されだ液
晶層と、その両面に積層された透明電極を具備する調光
材は、透明電極間に交流電圧を印加しないときには、液
晶層が透過光を散乱して白濁状態を呈するが、交流電圧
を印加して液晶層に電界をかけると、液晶分子が電界方
向に配向して透明となる。The light control material has a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal is dispersed in a solidified resin multi-IJ layer and transparent electrodes laminated on both sides of the liquid crystal layer.When no AC voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes, the liquid crystal layer becomes transparent. It scatters light and appears cloudy, but when an AC voltage is applied and an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal molecules align in the direction of the electric field and become transparent.
本発明者らは、上記のような調光材（液晶層）に光線を
部分的に照射すると、液晶層の光線照射部分は、光線非
照射部分に比べて、透明に変化する電圧（以下、透明変
化電圧と記す）が高くなるという新規な事実を見出した
。このように光線照射部分の透明変化電圧が高くなる理
由は定かでないが、おそらくマトリックス樹脂中に光線
照射により反応する物質が存在し、その物質が光線照射
により変性して液晶との相互作用が強くなり、電圧印加
の状態での配向を阻害するからと推測される。The present inventors have discovered that when the light control material (liquid crystal layer) as described above is partially irradiated with a light beam, the light-irradiated part of the liquid crystal layer becomes more transparent than the non-light-irradiated part (hereinafter referred to as We have discovered a new fact that the transparent change voltage (referred to as transparent change voltage) increases. It is not clear why the transparent change voltage in the light-irradiated area becomes high in this way, but there is probably a substance in the matrix resin that reacts with light irradiation, and that substance is denatured by light irradiation and interacts strongly with the liquid crystal. This is presumed to be due to the fact that orientation under voltage application is inhibited.
本発明は、上記の光線照射による透明変化電圧の高圧化
現象を利用して液晶層に模様を発現させるものであって
、透明電極間に交流電圧を印加しないときには液晶層全
体が白濁しているが、透明変化電圧を透明電極間に印加
すると、液晶層の低電圧透明化部が液晶分子の配向によ
って透明となり、透明変化電圧の高い高電圧透明化部は
液晶分子の配向を生じずに白濁状態を維持するため、両
者の対比によって部分白濁化又は部分透明化した模様が
発現する。そして、印加電圧を上げて高電圧透明化部の
透明変化電圧以上にすると、高電圧透明化部も液晶分子
の配向により透明に変化するため、白濁した部分が消失
して液晶層全体が透明となる。The present invention utilizes the above-mentioned phenomenon of increasing the transparency change voltage due to light irradiation to develop a pattern in the liquid crystal layer, and when no alternating current voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes, the entire liquid crystal layer becomes cloudy. However, when a transparent change voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes, the low voltage transparent part of the liquid crystal layer becomes transparent due to the orientation of liquid crystal molecules, and the high voltage transparent part with a high transparent change voltage becomes cloudy without causing the orientation of liquid crystal molecules. In order to maintain this state, a partially cloudy or partially transparent pattern appears depending on the contrast between the two. Then, when the applied voltage is increased to exceed the transparent change voltage of the high-voltage transparent section, the high-voltage transparent section also becomes transparent due to the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, so the cloudy part disappears and the entire liquid crystal layer becomes transparent. Become.
以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の実施例を詳述する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings.
第１図及び第２図はいずれも本発明の模様入り調光材の
一実施例を示す平面図であって、第１図は電圧無印加の
状態を、第２図は透明変化電圧を印加して模様を発現さ
せた状態を示す。また、第３図は第１図のＡ−Ｂ−Ｃ−
Ｄ線に沿った拡大断面図である。Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 are both plan views showing an embodiment of the patterned light control material of the present invention, Fig. 1 shows a state in which no voltage is applied, and Fig. 2 shows a state in which a transparent change voltage is applied. This shows the state where the pattern is developed. In addition, Fig. 3 shows A-B-C- of Fig. 1.
It is an enlarged sectional view along the D line.
この実施例の模様入り調光材は、液晶層１の上下両面に
、透明電極’ｌａ、 ２ｂを片面に形成した二枚の透
明な樹脂フィルム３ａ、３ｂ （以°下、透明電極フィ
ルムと記す）を、該透明電極が液晶層側となるように積
層した厚さ１００〜５００μｍ程度の五層構造のシート
状調光材であって、液晶層１には高電圧透明化部４ａ、
４ｂ、４ｃが形成され、その他の部分が低電圧透明化部
４０となされており、また、上側の透明電極２ａの一側
縁（右側縁）と下側の透明電極２ｂの他側！！（左側縁
）には集電極部５ａ、５ｂが設けられている。The patterned light control material of this example consists of two transparent resin films 3a and 3b (hereinafter referred to as transparent electrode films) on both the upper and lower surfaces of a liquid crystal layer 1, with transparent electrodes 2a and 2b formed on one side. ) is a sheet-like light control material having a five-layer structure with a thickness of about 100 to 500 μm, in which the transparent electrodes are stacked on the liquid crystal layer side, and the liquid crystal layer 1 includes a high voltage transparent part 4a,
4b and 4c are formed, and the other parts are made into the low voltage transparent part 40, and one side edge (right side edge) of the upper transparent electrode 2a and the other side of the lower transparent electrode 2b! ! Collecting electrode portions 5a and 5b are provided on the left side edge.
そして、これら集電極部５ａ、５ｂの一端には、外部へ
突出するリード線接続用の端子片６ａ、６ｂが取付けら
れ、更に絶縁テープ７によって調光材周縁が被覆されて
いる。Terminal pieces 6a and 6b for connecting lead wires protruding to the outside are attached to one ends of these collector electrode parts 5a and 5b, and the periphery of the light control material is further covered with an insulating tape 7.
上記の液晶層１は、固化した樹脂マトリックス中に液晶
を分散させたもので、具体的には硬化したエポキシ樹脂
マトリックス中にネマチック液晶を相分離法により液滴
状態で分散させた液晶層が好適である。かかる液晶層は
、液滴状態で分散する液晶が１μｍ程度のほぼ均一な粒
径を有し、液晶分子の配向性が良いため、高い透明度を
得ることができるからである。その中でも、硬化エポキ
シ樹脂マトリックスがグリシジルエステル系エポキシ樹
脂、グリシジルエーテル系エポキシ樹脂、グリシジルア
ミン系エポキシ樹脂等の脂肪族を主体としたエポキシ樹
脂を含み、且つ該マトリックスの光屈折率と液晶の通常
光屈折率との差が０゜０２以内となるように調節された
液晶層は、光透過状態と光散乱状態とのコントラストが
良好で経時的に黄変しにくい等の長所を有するため特に
好適である。The above-mentioned liquid crystal layer 1 is a layer in which liquid crystal is dispersed in a solidified resin matrix. Specifically, a liquid crystal layer in which nematic liquid crystal is dispersed in the form of droplets in a hardened epoxy resin matrix by a phase separation method is preferable. It is. This is because such a liquid crystal layer can obtain high transparency because the liquid crystal dispersed in the form of droplets has a substantially uniform particle size of about 1 μm and the liquid crystal molecules have good orientation. Among them, the cured epoxy resin matrix contains an aliphatic-based epoxy resin such as glycidyl ester-based epoxy resin, glycidyl ether-based epoxy resin, glycidyl amine-based epoxy resin, etc., and the optical refractive index of the matrix and the normal light of the liquid crystal A liquid crystal layer whose refractive index is adjusted so that the difference is within 0°02 is particularly suitable because it has advantages such as good contrast between the light transmitting state and the light scattering state and being resistant to yellowing over time. be.
液晶の配合量は、光の散乱率が許容される範囲内である
限り特に制限されないが、高価な液晶を使用することの
経済性を考えると、重量比で樹脂マトリックス１に対し
て液晶を２〜０．０１の範囲内、好ましくは１〜０．１
の範囲内とするのがよい。なお、液晶層ｌの厚みを均一
にするため、樹脂マトリックスの光屈折率と同一もしく
は近似した光屈折率を有する透明な合成樹脂のマイクロ
ビーズやガラスを必要に応じて含有させてもよい。The amount of liquid crystal compounded is not particularly limited as long as the light scattering rate is within an allowable range, but considering the economic efficiency of using expensive liquid crystals, the weight ratio of liquid crystal to 1 part of resin matrix is 2. ~0.01, preferably 1~0.1
It is best to keep it within the range of . In order to make the thickness of the liquid crystal layer l uniform, transparent synthetic resin microbeads or glass having an optical refractive index that is the same as or similar to the optical refractive index of the resin matrix may be contained as necessary.
液晶層１の高電圧透明化部４ａ、４ｂ、４ｃは、後述す
るように、政商電圧透明化部４ａ、４ｂ。The high voltage transparent parts 4a, 4b, 4c of the liquid crystal layer 1 are political and commercial voltage transparent parts 4a, 4b, as described later.
４ｃに対応する模様パターンを切り抜いたマスク材を調
光材の片面に重ね合わせ、光線をマスク材越しに部分照
射することによって形成されたものであり、その他の部
分である低電圧透明化部４０はマスク材により光線が遮
られて照射されていない。上記高電圧透明化部４ａ、４
ｂ、４ｃは、低電圧透明化部の透明変化電圧より高い交
流電圧を透明電極２ａ、２ｂ間に印加したとき白濁状態
から透明に変化するようになっている。上記光線として
は太陽や蛍光灯や電灯（ランプ）等の種々の光線が使用
できるが、紫外線が照度や時間の点で最も好ましい。な
お、上記のマスク材は要するに光線を遮断し得る材質の
ものであればよく、例えば金属板や遮光製プラスチック
シート又はフィルムなどが使用されるゆ
この液晶層１の上下両面に積層される前記透明電極フィ
ルム３ａ、３ｂは、例えばポリエチレンテレフタレート
、ポリエーテルサルフォン、ポリカーボネート等の透明
な樹脂フィルムの片面に、ＩＴＯや酸化錫等の金属酸化
物を蒸着もしくはスパッタリングするか、或いは透明導
電性塗料を塗布することによって、透明電極’ｌａ、’
ｌｂを片面全体に形成したものである。It is formed by overlapping a mask material with a pattern corresponding to 4c cut out on one side of the light control material and partially irradiating the light beam through the mask material, and the other part is the low voltage transparent part 40. The light beam is blocked by the mask material and is not irradiated. The high voltage transparent parts 4a, 4
b and 4c change from a cloudy state to a transparent state when an AC voltage higher than the transparent change voltage of the low voltage transparent part is applied between the transparent electrodes 2a and 2b. As the light beam, various light beams such as the sun, a fluorescent lamp, an electric light (lamp), etc. can be used, but ultraviolet rays are most preferable in terms of illuminance and duration. The above-mentioned mask material may be any material as long as it can block light rays, such as a metal plate, a light-shielding plastic sheet, or a film. The electrode films 3a and 3b are made by vapor depositing or sputtering a metal oxide such as ITO or tin oxide on one side of a transparent resin film such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyether sulfone, or polycarbonate, or by coating a transparent conductive paint on one side of the film. By doing so, the transparent electrode 'la,'
lb is formed on the entire surface of one side.
また、透明電極２ａ、２ｂの端縁に設けられる集電極部
５ａ、５ｂは、透明電極２ａ、２ｂ間の電圧をほぼ均一
にするためのもので、右側縁の集電極部５ａは、液晶層
１の右側縁と下側の透明電極フィルム３ｂの右側縁を切
除して上側の透明電極２ａの右側縁を帯状に露出させ、
該露出部に銅ペースト、銀ペースト、カーボンペースト
等の導電性ペーストを塗布することによって、下側の透
明電極２ｂと短絡しないように形成されており、左側縁
の集電極部５ｂは、液晶層１の左側縁と上側の透明電極
フィルム３ａの左側縁を切除して下側の透明電極２ｂを
帯状に露出させ、該露出部に上記の導電性ペーストを塗
布することによって、上側の透明電極２ａと短絡しない
ように形成されている。なお、集電極部５ａ、５ｂは、
銅箔テープ等の金属箔テープを透明電極２ａ、２ｂの上
記露出部に貼付けて形成してもよい。Further, the collector electrode parts 5a, 5b provided at the edges of the transparent electrodes 2a, 2b are for making the voltage almost uniform between the transparent electrodes 2a, 2b, and the collector electrode part 5a on the right edge is used for the liquid crystal layer. 1 and the right edge of the lower transparent electrode film 3b to expose the right edge of the upper transparent electrode 2a in a band shape,
By applying a conductive paste such as copper paste, silver paste, carbon paste, etc. to the exposed part, it is formed so as not to short-circuit with the lower transparent electrode 2b, and the collector electrode part 5b on the left side is formed on the liquid crystal layer. 1 and the left side edge of the upper transparent electrode film 3a to expose the lower transparent electrode 2b in a band shape, and by applying the above-mentioned conductive paste to the exposed portion, the upper transparent electrode 2a is removed. It is designed to prevent short circuits. Note that the collector electrode parts 5a and 5b are
A metal foil tape such as a copper foil tape may be attached to the exposed portions of the transparent electrodes 2a, 2b.
集電極部５ａ、５ｂの一端に取付けられる端子片５ａ、
５ｂは、例えば銅箔テープ等の金属箔テープや、リン青
銅、銅、アルミニウム等の金属薄片よりなるもので、導
電性接着剤等によって接着されており、該端子片５ａ、
５ｂの突出部分にリド線が接続されるようになっている
。a terminal piece 5a attached to one end of the collector electrode parts 5a, 5b;
5b is made of a metal foil tape such as a copper foil tape, or a thin piece of metal such as phosphor bronze, copper, or aluminum, and is bonded with a conductive adhesive or the like, and the terminal pieces 5a,
A lid wire is connected to the protruding portion of 5b.
また、調光材の周縁を被覆する絶縁テープ７は、水分の
侵入、漏電や感電、調光付周縁の層間ｆ、ＩＪ離等を防
止するもので、例えば透明なポリプロピレン樹脂製やポ
リ塩化ビニル樹脂製の粘着絶縁テプ等が使用される。な
お、絶縁テープ７に代えてエポキシ樹脂系やシリコン樹
脂系等の透明な絶縁性接着剤を調光材の周縁に塗布して
被覆してもよい。The insulating tape 7 covering the periphery of the light control material is used to prevent moisture intrusion, electrical leakage, electric shock, interlayer f of the light control material, IJ separation, etc., and is made of, for example, transparent polypropylene resin or polyvinyl chloride. Adhesive insulation tape made of resin is used. Note that instead of the insulating tape 7, a transparent insulating adhesive such as epoxy resin or silicone resin may be applied to the periphery of the light control material to cover it.
以上のような構成の模様入り調光材は、透明電極２ａ、
’ｌｂ間に交流電圧を印加しないときには、液晶層１全
体にわたって液晶の異常光屈折率と樹脂マトリックスの
屈折率との差により透過光が散乱されて、第１図に示す
ように全面が白濁状態を呈している。この状態で透明電
極２ａ、２ｂ間に低電圧透明化部４０が透明となる透明
変化電圧を印加して液晶層ｌに電界をかけると、液晶層
１の低電圧透明化部は、液晶分子が電界方向に配向して
液晶の通常光屈折率と樹脂マトリックスの光屈折率が同
一もしくは近似するため、白濁状態から透明状態に変化
する。けれども高電圧透明化部４ａ、４ｂ、４ｃは、そ
の透明変化電圧が低電圧透明化部４０の透明変化電圧よ
り高いため、液晶分子が配向しないで白濁状態を維持す
る。そのため、両者の対比によって第２図に示すように
白濁した模様が発現する。そして、印加電圧を更に上げ
て高電圧透明化部４ａ、４ｂ、４ｃの透明変化電圧以上
にすると、高電圧透明化部４ａ、４ｂ、４ｃも液晶分子
の配向により透明に変化するため、白濁模様が消失して
液晶層ｌ全体が透明となる。The patterned light control material having the above structure includes transparent electrodes 2a,
When no alternating current voltage is applied across the liquid crystal layer 1, the transmitted light is scattered over the entire liquid crystal layer 1 due to the difference between the extraordinary refractive index of the liquid crystal and the refractive index of the resin matrix, and the entire surface becomes cloudy as shown in Figure 1. It shows. In this state, when a transparent change voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes 2a and 2b to make the low-voltage transparent part 40 transparent and an electric field is applied to the liquid crystal layer l, the low-voltage transparent part of the liquid crystal layer 1 will cause the liquid crystal molecules to become transparent. Since the normal optical refractive index of the liquid crystal and the optical refractive index of the resin matrix are the same or similar to each other in the direction of the electric field, the liquid crystal changes from a cloudy state to a transparent state. However, since the high-voltage transparent parts 4a, 4b, and 4c have higher transparent change voltages than the low-voltage transparent parts 40, the liquid crystal molecules do not align and maintain a cloudy state. Therefore, by contrasting the two, a cloudy pattern appears as shown in FIG. When the applied voltage is further increased to exceed the transparent change voltage of the high-voltage transparent parts 4a, 4b, and 4c, the high-voltage transparent parts 4a, 4b, and 4c also change to transparent due to the orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, resulting in a cloudy pattern. disappears, and the entire liquid crystal layer l becomes transparent.
上記実施例では高電圧透明化部が白濁模様となっている
が、これを透明模様とすることもできる。In the above embodiment, the high voltage transparent portion has a cloudy pattern, but it can also have a transparent pattern.
すなわち、丸、三角、四角の模様形状をなしたマスク材
を調光材の片面に重ね合わせ、光線をマスク材越しに照
射すれば、模様部分が低電圧透明化部となり、その他の
部分が高電圧透明化部となる。In other words, if a mask material with a pattern of circles, triangles, or squares is placed on one side of the light control material, and a light beam is irradiated through the mask material, the patterned part becomes a low-voltage transparent part, and the other parts become high-voltage transparent parts. This becomes the voltage transparent part.
従って、透明電極２ａ、２ｂ間に電圧を印加すると、低
電圧透明化部が透明となって透明模様が発現し、さらに
電圧を上げると全体が透明となる。Therefore, when a voltage is applied between the transparent electrodes 2a and 2b, the low-voltage transparent portion becomes transparent and a transparent pattern appears, and when the voltage is further increased, the whole becomes transparent.
このように、本発明の模様入り調光材は、電圧無印加の
ときには全体が白濁し、印加電圧を変えることによって
全体を透明にしたり白濁模様や透明模様を発現させたり
して、変化に冨む調光を行うことが可能であり、また、
全体を透明にできるので光透過を優先する調光用途に好
適なものである。In this way, the patterned light control material of the present invention becomes cloudy as a whole when no voltage is applied, and by changing the applied voltage, the entire pattern becomes transparent or a cloudy pattern or a transparent pattern is created, making it highly variable. It is possible to perform dimming, and
Since the entire structure can be made transparent, it is suitable for light control applications where priority is given to light transmission.
次に、第４図を参照しながら本発明製造方法の実施例を
説明する。Next, an embodiment of the manufacturing method of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.
この実施例によれば、最初、第４図（イ）に示す五層構
造のシート状調光材、即ち、液晶層１の上下両面に透明
電極フィルム３ａ、３ｂを透明電極２ａ、２ｂが液晶層
側となるように積層した構造のシート状調光材が作製さ
れる。かかるシート状調光材の作製は、上側の透明電極
フィルム３ａと下側の透明電極フィルム３ｂとの間に、
液晶を溶解又は分散させた液晶層形成用の樹脂液を挟み
込んで樹脂液の中間層を形成し、該中間層を加熱硬化等
の手段で固化させて液晶層１を形成することにより行わ
れる。According to this embodiment, first, transparent electrode films 3a and 3b are placed on both upper and lower surfaces of a liquid crystal layer 1, and transparent electrodes 2a and 2b are used as liquid crystals. A sheet-like light control material having a structure in which the light control material is laminated on the layer side is produced. In the production of such a sheet-like light control material, between the upper transparent electrode film 3a and the lower transparent electrode film 3b,
The liquid crystal layer 1 is formed by sandwiching a resin liquid for forming a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystal is dissolved or dispersed to form an intermediate layer of the resin liquid, and solidifying the intermediate layer by means such as heat curing.
上記の液晶層形成用の樹脂液としては、未硬化のエポキ
シ樹脂にネマチック液晶を既述の配合割合で溶解し、こ
れに適量の硬化剤、触媒及び既述のマイクロビーズを混
合したものが好適に使用される。かかる樹脂液で中間層
を形成して加熱硬化させると、エポキシ樹脂の架橋硬化
が進むにつれて液晶が次第に不溶性となって相分離を起
こし、硬化が完結した状態では１、既述したように液晶
が１μｍ程度のほぼ均一な粒径を有する略球状の液滴と
なって均一に分散するため、電圧印加時の透明度が高い
液晶層１を形成することができる。このようなエポキシ
系の樹脂液の中でも、エポキシ樹脂が既述の脂肪族エポ
キシ樹脂を主体し、且つその光屈折率（硬化後の光屈折
率）と液晶の通常光屈折率との差が０．０２以内となる
ように調節された樹脂液は、既述したように光透過状態
と光散乱状態のコントラストが良好で経時的に黄変しに
くい液晶層１を形成できるので、特に好適に使用される
。As the resin liquid for forming the liquid crystal layer, it is preferable to dissolve nematic liquid crystal in an uncured epoxy resin at the above-mentioned mixing ratio, and mix this with an appropriate amount of a curing agent, a catalyst, and the above-mentioned microbeads. used for. When an intermediate layer is formed with such a resin liquid and cured by heating, as the crosslinking and curing of the epoxy resin progresses, the liquid crystal gradually becomes insoluble and phase separation occurs. Since the droplets are uniformly dispersed as substantially spherical droplets having a substantially uniform particle size of about 1 μm, it is possible to form a liquid crystal layer 1 with high transparency when a voltage is applied. Among such epoxy resin liquids, the epoxy resin is mainly composed of the aliphatic epoxy resin mentioned above, and the difference between its optical refractive index (the optical refractive index after curing) and the normal optical refractive index of the liquid crystal is 0. A resin liquid adjusted to within .02 is particularly suitable for use because it can form a liquid crystal layer 1 that has good contrast between the light transmitting state and the light scattering state and is unlikely to yellow over time, as described above. be done.
作製されたシート状調光材は、次の集電極部形成工程に
おいて、第４図（ロ）に示すように、方（下側）の透明
電極フィルム３ｂの一側縁（右側縁）を切除して他方（
上側）の透明電極フィルム３ａの透明電極２ａを帯状に
露出させ、同図（ハ）に示すように既述の導電性ペース
トを電極露出部に塗布して帯状の集電極部５ａを形成し
、該集電極部５ａにリード接続用端子片６ａを導電性接
着剤等で接着する。そして同じ要領で、同図（ニ）に示
すように他方（上側）の透明電極フィルム３ａの他側縁
（左側縁）を切除して透明電極２ｂの露出部に集電極部
５ｂを形成して端子片６ｂを接着する。In the fabricated sheet-like light control material, one side edge (right edge) of the transparent electrode film 3b on the lower side (lower side) is cut off in the next collector electrode forming step, as shown in FIG. 4 (b). and the other (
The transparent electrode 2a of the transparent electrode film 3a on the upper side) is exposed in a band shape, and as shown in FIG. A terminal piece 6a for lead connection is adhered to the collector electrode portion 5a using a conductive adhesive or the like. Then, in the same manner, as shown in Figure (d), the other side edge (left side edge) of the other (upper) transparent electrode film 3a is cut off to form a collector electrode part 5b on the exposed part of the transparent electrode 2b. Glue the terminal piece 6b.
集電極部５ａ、５ｂの形成と端子片５ａ、（ｉｂの取付
けが終わると、第４図（ホ）に示すようにパターン９を
切抜いたマスク材１０を調光材の片面に重ね合わせて、
紫外線照射装置（光線照射装置）１１から紫外線をマス
ク材１０越しに照射する。このように紫外線を照射する
と、紫外線照射部分の透明変化電圧が高くなり、紫外線
非照射部分すなわち低電圧透明化部の透明変化電圧を印
加しても透明に変化しない高電圧透明化部４が液晶層１
に形成される。When the formation of the collector electrode parts 5a, 5b and the attachment of the terminal pieces 5a, (ib) are completed, as shown in FIG.
Ultraviolet rays are irradiated from an ultraviolet irradiation device (light irradiation device) 11 through the mask material 10 . When ultraviolet rays are irradiated in this way, the transparent change voltage of the ultraviolet irradiated part increases, and the high voltage transparent part 4 that does not change to transparent even if the transparent change voltage is applied to the part that is not irradiated with ultraviolet rays, that is, the low voltage transparent part becomes liquid crystal. layer 1
is formed.
紫外線照射条件は、液晶層１の厚みや樹脂の種類、液晶
配合量等を考慮して、液晶層１の透明変化電圧を高める
に充分な紫外線照射量を得ることができる条件を設定す
ればよいが、液晶層１のマスク部分まで紫外線が入り込
むほど過酷な照射条件は避けるべきである。紫外線照射
条件の一例を挙げると、２０Ｗ紫外線照射ランプ（東芝
製ＦＬ２０Ｓ−ＢＬ）を用いて既述のエポキシ樹脂系の
液晶層ｌに紫外線を照射する場合、照射時間がｌθ時間
程度、照射距離が２０ｃｍ程度である。かかる条件で高
電圧透明化部４を上記のエポキシ樹脂系液晶層ｌ （電
圧無印加時の曇り度が約９０％）に形成すると、液晶層
１の低電圧透明化部が１５Ｖ程度から透明に変化し始め
、２０〜２５Ｖで透明度が高くなる（曇り度が約２０％
）のに対し、高電圧透明化部４は透明変化電圧が高くな
って３０Ｖ程度から透明に変化し始め、６０Ｖ程度で透
明度が高くなる（曇り度が約２０％）。従って、印加電
圧を徐々に上げていくと、１５Ｖ程度から白濁模様が現
れ始めて２０〜２５Ｖで該模様が鮮明となり、３０Ｖ程
度から該模様が薄れ始めて６０Ｖ程度でほぼ完全に消失
し、全体が透明となる。The ultraviolet irradiation conditions may be determined by taking into account the thickness of the liquid crystal layer 1, the type of resin, the amount of liquid crystal compounded, etc., and setting conditions that can obtain a sufficient amount of ultraviolet irradiation to increase the transparent change voltage of the liquid crystal layer 1. However, harsh irradiation conditions such that ultraviolet rays penetrate into the mask portion of the liquid crystal layer 1 should be avoided. To give an example of ultraviolet irradiation conditions, when irradiating the above-mentioned epoxy resin-based liquid crystal layer l with ultraviolet rays using a 20W ultraviolet irradiation lamp (FL20S-BL manufactured by Toshiba), the irradiation time is about lθ hours and the irradiation distance is It is about 20cm. When the high-voltage transparent part 4 is formed on the above-mentioned epoxy resin liquid crystal layer l (haze level when no voltage is applied is about 90%) under these conditions, the low-voltage transparent part of the liquid crystal layer 1 becomes transparent from about 15V. It starts to change and becomes more transparent at 20-25V (the cloudiness is about 20%).
), on the other hand, the high-voltage transparent section 4 starts to change to transparent at about 30V as the transparency change voltage increases, and becomes highly transparent at about 60V (haze level is about 20%). Therefore, when the applied voltage is gradually increased, a cloudy pattern begins to appear at about 15V, becomes clear at 20-25V, starts to fade from about 30V, and almost completely disappears at about 60V, making the whole transparent. becomes.
高電圧透明化部４と低電圧透明化部４０の両者が形成さ
れた模様入り調光材は、第４図（へ）に示すように調光
付周縁部分が既述の絶縁テープ７で被覆されて製品とな
る。In the patterned light control material in which both the high voltage transparent part 4 and the low voltage transparent part 40 are formed, the peripheral part with light control is covered with the above-mentioned insulating tape 7, as shown in FIG. and become a product.
上記の実施例では、高電圧透明化部４が白濁して丸、三
角、四角の模様を形成しているが、低電圧透明化部を丸
、三角、四角等に形成して、上記形状のみが透明となる
模様の調光材としてもよい。In the above embodiment, the high-voltage transparent part 4 is cloudy and forms a circle, triangle, or square pattern, but the low-voltage transparent part 4 is formed in a circle, triangle, square, etc., and only the above-mentioned shape is formed. It is also possible to use a light control material with a transparent pattern.
また、集電極部５ａ、５ｂの形成と端子片６ａ。Also, the formation of collector electrode parts 5a and 5b and the terminal piece 6a.
６ｂの取付けを行ってから模様発現部４を形成している
が、模様発現部４を先に形成してもよい。Although the pattern developing portion 4 is formed after the attachment of the pattern forming portion 6b, the pattern developing portion 4 may be formed first.
また、上記の実施例では、高電圧透明化部４を形成して
から絶縁テープ７で調光材周縁を被覆しているが、高電
圧透明化部４を形成する前に絶縁テープ７で被覆しても
よい。なお、絶縁テープ７は必ずしも必要なものではな
い。Further, in the above embodiment, the periphery of the light control material is covered with the insulating tape 7 after the high voltage transparent part 4 is formed, but the periphery of the light control material is covered with the insulating tape 7 before the high voltage transparent part 4 is formed. You may. Note that the insulating tape 7 is not necessarily necessary.
以上、本発明の実施例を詳述したが、本発明は実施例に
限定されるものではなく、例えば、既述の模様入り調光
材の片面又は両面に、更にアクリル樹脂板、ポリカーボ
ネート樹脂板、ポリスチレン樹脂板、塩化ビニル樹脂板
等の透明プラスチック板やガラス板を、エポキシ系、ア
クリル系、酢酸ビニル系、シリコン系、ウレタン系等の
接着剤又は粘着剤を用いて常温硬化、加熱硬化、紫外線
照射硬化等の手段で接着又は貼着したり、ホットメルト
シートやブチラールシート等を用いて接着又は貼着して
もよいものであり、また、熱線カットフィルムや耐候性
改良フィルム等を積層したり表面硬度処理して種々の機
能を付加することもできるものである。Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments. , transparent plastic plates such as polystyrene resin plates, vinyl chloride resin plates, and glass plates can be cured at room temperature, heated, or It may be adhered or pasted by means such as ultraviolet irradiation curing, hot melt sheet, butyral sheet, etc., or it may be laminated with heat ray cut film, weather resistance improved film, etc. It is also possible to add various functions by surface hardening treatment.
以上の説明から明らかなように、本発明の模様入り調光
材は、電圧無印加のときには全体が白濁し、印加電圧を
変えることによって全体を透明にしたり模様を発現させ
たりして、変化に富む調光を行うことが可能であり、全
体を透明にできるので光透過を優先する調光用途に好適
なものであり、また、低電圧透明化部と高電圧透明化部
の形成も光線の部分照射によって極く簡単に行えるので
、エツチングで透明電極をパターン化する場合に比べる
と手間とコストが大幅に減少するといった効果を奏する
。As is clear from the above description, the patterned light control material of the present invention becomes cloudy as a whole when no voltage is applied, and changes by changing the applied voltage to make the whole transparent or to develop a pattern. It is suitable for light control applications where priority is given to light transmission as it can perform rich dimming and the whole can be made transparent.Also, the formation of low-voltage transparent parts and high-voltage transparent parts can be made to reduce the light rays. Since it can be carried out extremely easily by partial irradiation, it has the effect of significantly reducing the effort and cost compared to the case where transparent electrodes are patterned by etching.
第１図及び第２図はいずれも本発明の模様入り調光材の
一実施例を示す平面図であって、第１図は電圧無印加の
状態を、第２図は模様を発現させた状態を示しており、
また、第３図は第１図のＡ−Ｂ−Ｃ−Ｄ線に沿った拡大
断面図、第４図（イ）〜（へ）は本発明の製造方法の一
実施例を順を追って説明する説明図である。
■・・・液晶層、
２ａ、２ｂ・・・透明電極、
３ａ、３ｂ・・・透明電極フィルム、
４．４ａ、４ｂ、４ｃ・・・高電圧透明化部、４０・・
・低電圧透明化部。
第４図
（ロ）
２ａ ３ａFig. 1 and Fig. 2 are both plan views showing one embodiment of the patterned light control material of the present invention, Fig. 1 shows the state in which no voltage is applied, and Fig. 2 shows the state in which the pattern is developed. It shows the condition,
3 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line A-B-C-D in FIG. 1, and FIGS. 4(A) to 4(F) explain one embodiment of the manufacturing method of the present invention in order. FIG. ■...Liquid crystal layer, 2a, 2b...Transparent electrode, 3a, 3b...Transparent electrode film, 4.4a, 4b, 4c...High voltage transparent section, 40...
・Low voltage transparent part. Figure 4 (b) 2a 3a
Claims (2)
液晶層と、その両面に積層された透明電極とを少なくと
も具備する調光材であって、上記液晶層には、低い電圧
で透明に変化する低電圧透明化部と、高い電圧で透明に
変化する高電圧透明化部とが形成されていることを特徴
とする模様入り調光材。(1) A light control material comprising at least a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystals are dispersed in a solidified resin matrix and transparent electrodes laminated on both sides of the liquid crystal layer, the liquid crystal layer having a structure that changes to be transparent at a low voltage. A patterned light control material characterized by being formed with a low-voltage transparent part that changes to transparent at high voltage, and a high-voltage transparent part that changes to transparent at high voltage.
液晶層と、その両面に積層された透明電極とを少なくと
も具備する調光材を作製し、模様パターンが形成された
マスク材を調光材の片面に重ね合わせて、光線をマスク
材越しに調光材に照射することを特徴とする模様入り調
光材の製造方法。(2) A light control material comprising at least a liquid crystal layer in which liquid crystals are dispersed in a solidified resin matrix and transparent electrodes laminated on both sides of the liquid crystal layer is prepared, and a mask material on which a pattern is formed is used as a light control material. A method for producing a patterned light control material, which comprises superimposing the patterned light control material on one side of the mask material and irradiating the light control material with a light beam through the mask material.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30818888A JPH02153319A (en) | 1988-12-06 | 1988-12-06 | Patterned dimming material and its production |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30818888A JPH02153319A (en) | 1988-12-06 | 1988-12-06 | Patterned dimming material and its production |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02153319A true JPH02153319A (en) | 1990-06-13 |
Family
ID=17977971
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP30818888A Pending JPH02153319A (en) | 1988-12-06 | 1988-12-06 | Patterned dimming material and its production |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPH02153319A (en) |
Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04277727A (en) * | 1991-03-06 | 1992-10-02 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Spatial optical modulating element |
| JPH04126224U (en) * | 1991-04-30 | 1992-11-17 | タキロン株式会社 | dimming panel |
| US5473450A (en) * | 1992-04-28 | 1995-12-05 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device with a polymer between liquid crystal regions |
| US5576866A (en) * | 1994-03-25 | 1996-11-19 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display having polymer walls with a chiral pitch and method for producing the same |
| US5583675A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1996-12-10 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device and a method for producing the same |
| US5612803A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1997-03-18 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device with polymeric walls and a production method for the same |
| US5625473A (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 1997-04-29 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device with polymer walls and method for producing the same |
| US5627665A (en) * | 1993-07-15 | 1997-05-06 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device and method for producing the same |
| US5645760A (en) * | 1994-06-14 | 1997-07-08 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Polymeric compounds, and liquid crystal element using the same |
| US5668651A (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1997-09-16 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Polymer-wall LCD having liquid crystal molecules having a plane-symmetrical bend orientation |
| US5724110A (en) * | 1994-05-27 | 1998-03-03 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal panel and method for producing the same in which the seal section is formed from a mixture of liquid crystal and resin |
| US5726728A (en) * | 1993-09-28 | 1998-03-10 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device and a production method utilizing surface free energies for the same |
| US5774107A (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1998-06-30 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display apparatus with input-functions |
| US5784134A (en) * | 1994-02-23 | 1998-07-21 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device and a method of fabricating the device using transparent-electrodes as a photomask |
| JP2013156342A (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-15 | Seiko Electric Co Ltd | Display element and manufacturing method for the same |
| JP2018115382A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2018-07-26 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Light control film, method for manufacturing the same, laminate and method for manufacturing conductive plated layer |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01229232A (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1989-09-12 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Liquid crystal optical element and production thereof as well as light control body and display device formed by using said element |
| JPH0299920A (en) * | 1988-10-06 | 1990-04-11 | Ajinomoto Co Inc | Optical modulating plate and production thereof |
-
1988
- 1988-12-06 JP JP30818888A patent/JPH02153319A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH01229232A (en) * | 1988-03-10 | 1989-09-12 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Liquid crystal optical element and production thereof as well as light control body and display device formed by using said element |
| JPH0299920A (en) * | 1988-10-06 | 1990-04-11 | Ajinomoto Co Inc | Optical modulating plate and production thereof |
Cited By (22)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH04277727A (en) * | 1991-03-06 | 1992-10-02 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Spatial optical modulating element |
| JPH04126224U (en) * | 1991-04-30 | 1992-11-17 | タキロン株式会社 | dimming panel |
| US5473450A (en) * | 1992-04-28 | 1995-12-05 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device with a polymer between liquid crystal regions |
| US5751382A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1998-05-12 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display input/output device |
| USRE38288E1 (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 2003-10-28 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display with polymeric support |
| US5612803A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1997-03-18 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device with polymeric walls and a production method for the same |
| US5739889A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1998-04-14 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device and a production method for the same |
| US5583675A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1996-12-10 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device and a method for producing the same |
| US5706109A (en) * | 1993-04-27 | 1998-01-06 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display with polymeric support |
| US5625473A (en) * | 1993-05-06 | 1997-04-29 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device with polymer walls and method for producing the same |
| US5627665A (en) * | 1993-07-15 | 1997-05-06 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device and method for producing the same |
| US5726728A (en) * | 1993-09-28 | 1998-03-10 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device and a production method utilizing surface free energies for the same |
| US5784134A (en) * | 1994-02-23 | 1998-07-21 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device and a method of fabricating the device using transparent-electrodes as a photomask |
| US5870162A (en) * | 1994-02-23 | 1999-02-09 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display device and a method of fabricating the device using transparent-electrodes as a photomask |
| US5668651A (en) * | 1994-03-18 | 1997-09-16 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Polymer-wall LCD having liquid crystal molecules having a plane-symmetrical bend orientation |
| US5576866A (en) * | 1994-03-25 | 1996-11-19 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal display having polymer walls with a chiral pitch and method for producing the same |
| US5724110A (en) * | 1994-05-27 | 1998-03-03 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Liquid crystal panel and method for producing the same in which the seal section is formed from a mixture of liquid crystal and resin |
| US5645760A (en) * | 1994-06-14 | 1997-07-08 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Polymeric compounds, and liquid crystal element using the same |
| US5702642A (en) * | 1994-06-14 | 1997-12-30 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Polymeric compounds, and liquid crystal element using the same |
| US5774107A (en) * | 1995-10-31 | 1998-06-30 | Sharp Kabushiki Kaisha | Display apparatus with input-functions |
| JP2013156342A (en) * | 2012-01-27 | 2013-08-15 | Seiko Electric Co Ltd | Display element and manufacturing method for the same |
| JP2018115382A (en) * | 2017-01-20 | 2018-07-26 | 大日本印刷株式会社 | Light control film, method for manufacturing the same, laminate and method for manufacturing conductive plated layer |
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