JPH02123805A - Differential amplifier - Google Patents

Differential amplifier

Info

Publication number
JPH02123805A
JPH02123805A JP63276828A JP27682888A JPH02123805A JP H02123805 A JPH02123805 A JP H02123805A JP 63276828 A JP63276828 A JP 63276828A JP 27682888 A JP27682888 A JP 27682888A JP H02123805 A JPH02123805 A JP H02123805A
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
input
transistors
trs
differential
pnp
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
JP63276828A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Inventor
Yoshiaki Kaneko
金子 良明
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Fujitsu Ltd
Original Assignee
Fujitsu Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Fujitsu Ltd filed Critical Fujitsu Ltd
Priority to JP63276828A priority Critical patent/JPH02123805A/en
Publication of JPH02123805A publication Critical patent/JPH02123805A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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  • Amplifiers (AREA)

Abstract

PURPOSE:To obtain a high input impedance required substantially for an operational amplifier by connecting an NPN transistor(TR) to the input side of each PNP TR and connecting a constant current source to the emitter of the TR. CONSTITUTION:Since an input differential voltage to NPN TRs Q3,Q4 connecting to each input of PNP TRs Q1, Q2 forming a differential pair is applied to the input of the PNP TRs Q1, Q2, that is, the base as it is, the normal differential amplification is implemented by the TRs Q1, Q2. Input bias currents IB+, IB- are decreased because a current amplification factor beta of NPN TRs Q3, Q4 is high (usually nearly 100). Thus, when the differential amplifier circuit is used for the input stage of the operational amplifier, a high input impedance is obtained.

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】 〔概   要〕 演算増幅器の入力段に用いられ電流増幅率が小さいPN
P トランジスタ対で構成された差動増幅回路に関し、 演算増幅器に本来必要な高い入力インピーダンスを得る
ことを目的とし、 各PNP トランジスタの入力側にNPNI−ランジス
タを接続し、該トランジスタのエミッタ側に定電流源を
接続するように構成する。
[Detailed Description of the Invention] [Summary] A PN with a small current amplification factor used in the input stage of an operational amplifier.
Regarding a differential amplifier circuit composed of a pair of PNP transistors, in order to obtain the high input impedance originally required for an operational amplifier, an NPNI-transistor is connected to the input side of each PNP transistor, and a constant voltage is connected to the emitter side of the transistor. Configure to connect a current source.

〔産業上の利用分野〕[Industrial application field]

本発明は、差動増幅回路に関し、特に演算増幅器の入力
段に用いられ電流増幅率が小さいPNPトランジスタ対
で構成された差動増幅回路に関するものである。
The present invention relates to a differential amplifier circuit, and more particularly to a differential amplifier circuit that is used in the input stage of an operational amplifier and is configured with a pair of PNP transistors having a small current amplification factor.

最近のLSI回路においては、高速・高周波特性が重要
視されているが、演算増幅器も含めてチップ化すること
が必要になって来ている。
In recent LSI circuits, high speed and high frequency characteristics have become important, and it has become necessary to incorporate operational amplifiers into chips.

〔従来の技術〕[Conventional technology]

第3図は演算増幅器の入力段に用いられる従来の差動増
幅回路の一例を示したもので、定電流源■3にエミッタ
が接続されコレクタがカレントミラー回路CMに接続さ
れたPNP トランジスタQlとQ2で差動対を構成し
ており、トランジスタQlとQ2の平衡出力をカレント
ミラー回路CMによって電流を平衡させ入力差動電圧差
に対応した不平衡電圧出力を出力段(図示せず)に与え
ている。
Figure 3 shows an example of a conventional differential amplifier circuit used in the input stage of an operational amplifier. Q2 constitutes a differential pair, and the balanced outputs of transistors Ql and Q2 are balanced by a current mirror circuit CM to provide an unbalanced voltage output corresponding to the input differential voltage difference to an output stage (not shown). ing.

〔発明が解決しようとする課題〕[Problem to be solved by the invention]

このような差動増幅回路において差動対にPNPトラン
ジスタを使用せざるを得ないのは次の理由に拠る。
The reason why it is necessary to use PNP transistors in the differential pair in such a differential amplifier circuit is as follows.

即ち、演算増幅器だけをIC化するのではなく演算増幅
器を一部に含めて高速・高周波特性の優れたLSI化す
る場合には高周波特性の優れたNPNトランジスタが主
体となり然も高性能とするために縦型(vertica
l)のトランジスタ構造にするのが一般的である。この
ような高速・高周波特性の優れたLSI内部に演算増幅
器を内蔵しようとすると、NPN トランジスタのみで
なく PNP トランジスタも必要となってくる。即ち
、高速・高周波特性が比較的要求されない演算増幅器部
分に対しては製造プロセスが簡単でコストが低度な横型
(lateral)構造のPNP )ランジスクが割り
当てられるという犠牲を強いられることになる。
In other words, when making an LSI with excellent high-speed and high-frequency characteristics that includes the operational amplifier as a part of it, rather than making only the operational amplifier into an IC, NPN transistors with excellent high-frequency characteristics are used as the main component, but in order to achieve high performance. vertical type (vertica)
It is common to use the transistor structure 1). In order to incorporate an operational amplifier into an LSI with such excellent high-speed and high-frequency characteristics, not only NPN transistors but also PNP transistors are required. In other words, the operational amplifier section, which does not require relatively high speed and high frequency characteristics, has to be sacrificed in that a PNP transistor having a lateral structure, which has a simple manufacturing process and low cost, is allocated.

しかしながら、PNP トランジスタの電流増幅率β(
コレクタ電流/ベース電流)が「10」前後と低くなっ
てしまい、入力バイアス電流が増える結果、演算増幅器
に不可欠な高い入力インピーダンスが得られなくなって
しまうという問題点があった。
However, the current amplification factor β(
There is a problem in that the collector current/base current) becomes as low as around 10, and as a result, the input bias current increases, making it impossible to obtain the high input impedance that is essential for an operational amplifier.

また、PNP トランジスタをダーリントン接続してi
l流増幅率βを上げようとすると、電源電圧VCCも高
くするしなければならないという憾みがあった。
Also, by connecting the PNP transistor to i
In order to increase the current amplification factor β, there is a problem that the power supply voltage VCC must also be increased.

従って、本発明は演算増幅器の入力段に用いられ電流増
幅率が小さいPNPトランジスタ対で構成された差動増
幅回路において、演算増幅器に本来必要な高い入力イン
ピーダンスを得ることを目的とする。
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to obtain a high input impedance originally required for an operational amplifier in a differential amplifier circuit configured with a PNP transistor pair having a small current amplification factor and used in the input stage of the operational amplifier.

〔課題を解決するための手段〕[Means to solve the problem]

上記の目的を達成するため、本発明に係る差動増幅回路
では、第1図に原理的に示すように、差動対を構成する
PNP トランジスタQ1、Q2の各入力側にNPN 
トランジスタQ3、Q4を接続し、該トランジスタQ3
、Q4のエミッタ側に定電流源1.2を接続している。
In order to achieve the above object, in the differential amplifier circuit according to the present invention, as shown in principle in FIG.
Transistors Q3 and Q4 are connected, and the transistor Q3
, a constant current source 1.2 is connected to the emitter side of Q4.

〔作  用〕[For production]

第1図において、差動対を構成するPNP トランジス
タQ1、Q2の各入力側に接続されたNPNトランジス
タQ3、Q4への入力差動電圧はそのままPNP トラ
ンジスタQ1、Q2の入力、即ちベースに印加されるの
でトランジスタQ1、Q2によって通常の差動増幅動作
が行われる。
In FIG. 1, the input differential voltage to NPN transistors Q3 and Q4 connected to the respective input sides of PNP transistors Q1 and Q2 constituting a differential pair is directly applied to the inputs, that is, the bases of PNP transistors Q1 and Q2. Therefore, normal differential amplification operation is performed by transistors Q1 and Q2.

このときの入力バイアス電流L−,Im=は、NPNト
ランジスタQ3、Q4の電流増幅率βが高い(通常、1
00程度)ので低減する。従って、この差動増幅回路を
演算増幅器の入力段に用いた場合には高い入力インピー
ダンスが得られる。
At this time, the input bias current L-, Im= has a high current amplification factor β of the NPN transistors Q3 and Q4 (usually 1
00), so reduce it. Therefore, when this differential amplifier circuit is used in the input stage of an operational amplifier, high input impedance can be obtained.

〔実 施 例〕〔Example〕

第2図は、本発明による差動増幅回路の一実施例を示し
たもので、この実施例では、定電流B1、2はトランジ
スタQ5〜Q8で構成され、定電流源1、はトランジス
タQ7〜Q12で構成されている。また、トランジスタ
Q1、Q2のコレクタには従来例と同様にカレントミラ
ーCMが接続されている。
FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the differential amplifier circuit according to the present invention. In this embodiment, constant currents B1 and 2 are composed of transistors Q5 to Q8, and constant current source 1 is composed of transistors Q7 to Q8. It consists of Q12. Furthermore, a current mirror CM is connected to the collectors of the transistors Q1 and Q2, as in the conventional example.

動作に関しては、入力端子がトランジスタQ3、Q4の
ベースに印加されると、このベース電圧■83、V14
はトランジスタQ1、Q2のベース電圧V□、Vllに
それぞれ略等しくなり入力電圧が略トランジスタQ1、
Q2に印加されることになり、カレントミラーCMによ
って電圧不平衡出力がトランジスタQ2のコレクタ側か
ら得られる。
In terms of operation, when the input terminal is applied to the bases of transistors Q3 and Q4, this base voltage ■83, V14
are approximately equal to the base voltages V□ and Vll of the transistors Q1 and Q2, respectively, and the input voltage is approximately equal to the base voltages V□ and Vll of the transistors Q1 and Q2, respectively.
Q2, and a voltage unbalanced output is obtained from the collector side of transistor Q2 by current mirror CM.

このとき、トランジスタQ3、Q4はエミッタホロワと
しての入力バッファとして働き、そのコレクタ電流及び
トランジスタQ1、Q2のベース電流はトランジスタQ
5〜Q8によって一定値に保持される。これは、トラン
ジスタQ7のコレクターベース間に接続された抵抗rに
よって決まる定電流値によりバッファとしてのトランジ
スタQ7がトランジスタQ8並びにQ5、Q6の共通ベ
ース電位が不変となるように電流を流すことによって行
われる。
At this time, transistors Q3 and Q4 act as input buffers as emitter followers, and their collector currents and the base currents of transistors Q1 and Q2 are
It is held at a constant value by 5 to Q8. This is done by causing current to flow through the transistor Q7 as a buffer using a constant current value determined by the resistor r connected between the collector and base of the transistor Q7 so that the common base potential of the transistors Q8, Q5, and Q6 remains unchanged. .

尚、この場合の定電流源1.2は高抵抗に置き換えても
構わない。
Note that the constant current source 1.2 in this case may be replaced with a high resistance.

同様にして、定電流源■、は、トランジスタQ7、Q8
によりトランジスタQ9〜Q12により一定の電流がト
ランジスタQ1、Q2に与えられて好ましい差動増幅回
路動作が得られる。
Similarly, the constant current source ■ is connected to the transistors Q7 and Q8.
Accordingly, a constant current is applied to transistors Q1 and Q2 by transistors Q9 to Q12, and a preferable differential amplifier circuit operation is obtained.

尚、トランジスタQ1、Q2のコレクタ側に接続したカ
レントミラーCMも高抵抗で代用しても横わないことは
言うまでもない。
It goes without saying that the current mirror CM connected to the collector side of the transistors Q1 and Q2 will not fall flat even if a high resistance is used instead.

〔発明の効果〕〔Effect of the invention〕

以上説明したように、本発明に係る差動増幅回路によれ
ば、各PNP トランジスタの入力側にNPNトランジ
スタを接続し、該トランジスタのエミッタ側に電流値が
小さい定電流源を接続するように構成したので、入力バ
イアス電流を低減できるので高速・高周波特性を重視す
るLSI回路に使用される演算増幅器の入力段に用いた
場合でも演算増幅器本来の機能を発揮することができる
As explained above, according to the differential amplifier circuit according to the present invention, an NPN transistor is connected to the input side of each PNP transistor, and a constant current source with a small current value is connected to the emitter side of the transistor. Therefore, since the input bias current can be reduced, even when used in the input stage of an operational amplifier used in an LSI circuit that emphasizes high-speed and high-frequency characteristics, the original function of the operational amplifier can be exhibited.

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of the drawing]

第1図は、本発明に係る差動増幅回路の原理を説明する
ための回路図、 第2図は、本発明に係る差動増幅回路の一実施例を示す
回路図、 第3図は、従来の差動増幅回路を示す回路図、である。 第1図において、 Q1、Q2・・・PNP トランジスタ、Q3、Q4・
・・NPN トランジスタ、1.2・・・定電流源。 図中、同一符号は同−又は相当部分を示す。
FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram for explaining the principle of a differential amplifier circuit according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing an embodiment of a differential amplifier circuit according to the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram for explaining the principle of a differential amplifier circuit according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram showing a conventional differential amplifier circuit. In Figure 1, Q1, Q2...PNP transistors, Q3, Q4...
...NPN transistor, 1.2...constant current source. In the figures, the same reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】 演算増幅器の入力段に用いられ電流増幅率が小さいPN
Pトランジスタ対(Q1、Q2)で構成された差動増幅
回路において、 各PNPトランジスタ(Q1、Q2)の入力側にNPN
トランジスタ(Q3、Q4)を接続し、該トランジスタ
(Q3、Q4)のエミッタ側に定電流源(1)(2)を
接続したことを特徴とする差動増幅回路。
[Claims] A PN that is used in the input stage of an operational amplifier and has a small current amplification factor.
In a differential amplifier circuit composed of a pair of P transistors (Q1, Q2), an NPN transistor is connected to the input side of each PNP transistor (Q1, Q2).
A differential amplifier circuit characterized in that transistors (Q3, Q4) are connected, and constant current sources (1) and (2) are connected to the emitter side of the transistors (Q3, Q4).
JP63276828A 1988-11-01 1988-11-01 Differential amplifier Pending JPH02123805A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63276828A JPH02123805A (en) 1988-11-01 1988-11-01 Differential amplifier

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP63276828A JPH02123805A (en) 1988-11-01 1988-11-01 Differential amplifier

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPH02123805A true JPH02123805A (en) 1990-05-11

Family

ID=17574971

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP63276828A Pending JPH02123805A (en) 1988-11-01 1988-11-01 Differential amplifier

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPH02123805A (en)

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0851321A (en) * 1994-07-13 1996-02-20 Analog Devices Inc <Adi> Apparatus and method for generating current

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH0851321A (en) * 1994-07-13 1996-02-20 Analog Devices Inc <Adi> Apparatus and method for generating current

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