JPH0211281B2 - - Google Patents

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Publication number
JPH0211281B2
JPH0211281B2 JP56131859A JP13185981A JPH0211281B2 JP H0211281 B2 JPH0211281 B2 JP H0211281B2 JP 56131859 A JP56131859 A JP 56131859A JP 13185981 A JP13185981 A JP 13185981A JP H0211281 B2 JPH0211281 B2 JP H0211281B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
cake
filter
filtration
stock solution
chamber
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired
Application number
JP56131859A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JPS5834012A (en
Inventor
Yoshinari Iijima
Minoru Morita
Nobuo Tazaki
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Tsukishima Kikai Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Tsukishima Kikai Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Tsukishima Kikai Co Ltd filed Critical Tsukishima Kikai Co Ltd
Priority to JP56131859A priority Critical patent/JPS5834012A/en
Publication of JPS5834012A publication Critical patent/JPS5834012A/en
Publication of JPH0211281B2 publication Critical patent/JPH0211281B2/ja
Granted legal-status Critical Current

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  • Filtration Of Liquid (AREA)

Description

【発明の詳細な説明】[Detailed description of the invention]

本発明は、濾室容積可変型フイルタープレスの
能率のよい運転方法に関するものである。 従来、濾過を行なう場合には、濾布上に順次積
層状にケーキを生成せしめ、必要な厚さのケーキ
としている。このような濾過方式においては、ケ
ーキの形成速度は簡素化した濾過理論によれば操
作圧力に比例し、濾過時間の1/2乗に比例する。
このことは生成するケーキの厚さを2倍とするに
は、少なくとも4倍の濾過時間が必要となるすな
わち、上記の現象は、ケーキの厚さを厚くすると
濾過に要する時間が急速に増加し、又濾過時間
は、操作圧力を高くしてもそれほど短縮されない
事を示している。 また、フイルタープレスにおいて、原液の加圧
圧送によつて濾過生成したケーキをさらに水分を
低下させるため、濾室を狭めて機械的に圧搾脱水
することが行なわれている。すなわち、濾布を介
してダイヤフラムをふくらませる方法、または縁
部に弾性体が取付けられた濾液によつて濾室を形
成し、原液の加圧圧送によつてケーキを生成せし
め、次いで油圧シリンダによつて、濾液を押圧
し、弾性体の変形によつて濾室を狭める方法など
がある。 上記圧搾工程の取入れられたフイルタープレス
は、通常回分方式によつて運転される。その運転
サイクルは、原液の加圧圧送による濾過濾室
を狭めることによる生成ケーキの圧搾脱水開枠
ケーキの排出閉枠が1サイクルとなつてい
る。この様な濾過機の能力向上を図るためには、
1サイクルの時間を短縮するか、1サイクルの間
に生成するケーキの量を増加して、単位時間に脱
水生成するケーキ量を増加する必要がある。 上記各工程において、、の開閉枠工程は、
能率向上に対し殆んど影響がない。のケーキ排
出工程は、濾布より剥離し易いケーキを生成せし
めれば、排出時間が短縮される。上記剥離し易い
ケーキを生成せしめるには、水分の含有量が少な
く、厚いケーキを作ればよいことは周知である。
しかしケーキの層の厚さを増大すると、上記した
ようにの濾過工程に要する時間はケーキの厚さ
に対して指数的に増大し、全サイクルの所要時間
に対し支配的な因子となるので極力短縮しなけれ
ばならない。また、圧搾工程は、濾過によつて生
成したケーキを更に脱水するため、濾室を狭めて
機械的にケーキを絞るが、ケーキの層が薄い方が
早く脱水される。しかし、脱水後の濾布とケーキ
の剥離は、ケーキの厚さが厚い方がよい。 以上のように、1サイクル中の開枠、閉枠を除
く各工程はいずれも相互に影響があり、1サイク
ルの所要時間の支配的因子である濾過工程を短く
すると、ケーキ層は薄くなり、排出工程にトラブ
ルを生じ、ケーキ層を厚くしようとすると、濾過
時間の増大は大きく、1サイクルの時間は長くな
り、結局大幅な能率の低下原因となる不都合があ
つた。 本発明は上記の事情に鑑み、濾室容積可変型フ
イルタープレスの能率のよい運転方法を提供する
ことを目的とするもので、原液の圧入工程とそれ
に続く圧搾工程を交互に繰返えし行ない、原液圧
入によつて生成したケーキを圧搾して濾室中央部
に集め、原液の圧入によるケーキ形成を常にケー
キ層の形成されていない濾布により行うようにし
たものである。 以下本発明の方法を図面を参照して説明する。 第1図ないし第6図は、本発明の方法を説明す
る装置の一例を示すもので図中1は、濾室容積可
変型のフイルタープレスである。フイルタープレ
ス1には、固定板2と、油圧シリンダ3のピスト
ン3aによつて移動される押圧板4との間に、多
数の濾板5…が配設されている。上記濾板5…の
両面外周縁部には、弾性材質製の外周枠体6…が
設けられている。また、上記濾板5…の間には濾
布7…が設けられ、第1図に示すように押圧板3
によつて互に圧接され濾室8…が形成されてい
る。上記濾板5…の外周枠体6…の内側表面に
は、グリツド状溝9…が設けられている。このグ
リツド状溝9…の下部には、濾液を外部に排出す
るため、濾板内に設けられた濾液排出孔10…の
一端が開孔しており、排出孔の他端は濾板5…の
下縁部に開孔している。 また固定板2、濾板5…を貫通して、原液を原
液供給弁11を介して各濾室8…に供給する貫通
孔12が設けられている。 このように構成されたフイルタープレスの濾室
8…に第2図に示すように供給弁11、貫通孔1
2を介して、原液を加圧供給する。原液は濾布7
…によつて濾過され濾布7…上にはケーキ層が形
成される。濾布7…を通過した濾液は、グリツド
溝9…を伝わつて濾液排出孔10…より排出され
る。 ケーキ層が所定の厚さとなつた時、原液の供給
を止め、弁11を閉として、第3図に示すように
押圧板4によつて濾板5…を押圧する。この操作
によつて弾性外周枠体6…は、変形し、濾室8…
は狭ばまり、ケーキは、機械的に絞られて脱水さ
れる。 充分脱水した後押圧板4の押圧を解除し、濾室
8…の大きさをもとの状態にもどす。この際、ケ
ーキは所定の厚さを有し、また充分脱水された状
態とすることによつて、濾布7…と容易に剥離
し、第4図に示すように濾室8…の中央に板状ケ
ーキ13…が形成され、濾室8…の内周壁はケー
キの剥離された濾布7…となる。 次いで再び原液供給弁11を開いて濾室8…に
原液を供給する。この場合、合濾室8…の内周壁
は濾布7…が露出して存在するので、原液は容易
に濾過され、濾布7…の面にケーキ層が形成され
る。この際濾室8…中央の板状ケーキ13…は、
充分脱水され固まつているので、導入される原液
に接しても短時間に崩壊することはない。ある程
度ケーキ層が濾布7…上に生成した時点で原液の
送給を止め、弁11を閉とする。 次いで第6図に示すように、前と同様にして濾
室8…を狭ばめ、ケーキを機械的に絞り脱水す
る。この場合ケーキの量は板状ケーキ13…に今
回の生成ケーキが加わり、さらに厚い脱水ケーキ
となるので、濾布7…とさらに容易に剥離して板
状ケーキ13となる。 上記操作を繰返えすことによつて濾室8…内の
ケーキ量を容易に増加することが出来る。特に本
発明の方法は、最初の濾過においては、剥離をよ
くするためある程度の厚さのケーキ量を形成しな
ければならないが、以後の濾過においては、前回
の濾過ケーキが加算されケーキ層の厚さは厚くな
り、濾布7との剥離性はよくなる。さなに濾過は
常に、ケーキ層の形成されていない濾布7で行な
われるので、濾過は能率よく行なうことが出来、
単位時間のケーキ(又は原液)処理量を増大する
ことが出来る。 以下に実施例を示し本発明を具体的に説明す
る。 実施例 濾過面の直径80cm、濾液枚数10枚実濾過面積10
m2の第1図と同じタイプの濾室容積可変型のフイ
ルタープレスを用い、固形物濃度5.1wt%の浄水
スラツジを圧力6Kg/cm2で60分間圧送濾過し、次
いで圧力15Kg/cm2にて60分間圧搾脱水し、ケーキ
を濾室中央に集めた。さらに、60分間原液の圧送
濾過と30分間の圧搾脱水を2回繰返えした。結果
を第1表に示す。 比較例 実施例と同じフイルタープレスを用い原液圧送
による濾過時間を圧力6Kg/cm2で210分間行い次
いで圧力15Kg/cm2にて290分間圧搾脱水した。濾
過、圧搾脱水を繰返えさない他は、実施例と同じ
とした。結果を第1表に実施例の結果と併記す
る。また、運転の状態を第7図に示した。
The present invention relates to an efficient method of operating a variable chamber volume filter press. Conventionally, when performing filtration, a cake is formed in layers on a filter cloth in order to form a cake of a required thickness. In such a filtration system, the rate of cake formation is proportional to the operating pressure and proportional to the 1/2 power of the filtration time, according to simplified filtration theory.
This means that doubling the thickness of the resulting cake requires at least four times as much filtration time.In other words, the above phenomenon means that the time required for filtration increases rapidly as the thickness of the cake increases. , also shows that the filtration time is not significantly shortened even if the operating pressure is increased. Furthermore, in a filter press, in order to further reduce the water content of the cake produced by filtration by pressurizing and pumping the stock solution, the filter chamber is narrowed and the cake is mechanically compressed and dehydrated. That is, a diaphragm is inflated through a filter cloth, or a filtration chamber is formed with a filtrate with an elastic body attached to the edge, a cake is formed by pressurizing the raw solution, and then a cake is formed by a hydraulic cylinder. Another method is to press the filtrate and narrow the filtration chamber by deforming the elastic body. A filter press incorporating the above-mentioned squeezing process is usually operated in a batch system. The operation cycle consists of one cycle of filtration by pressurizing the raw solution, narrowing the filtration chamber, pressing and dehydrating the resulting cake, and discharging the open-frame cake. In order to improve the capacity of such a filter,
It is necessary to increase the amount of cake dehydrated per unit time by shortening the time of one cycle or increasing the amount of cake produced during one cycle. In each of the above steps, the opening/closing frame step is as follows:
It has almost no effect on improving efficiency. In the cake discharging step, the discharging time can be shortened by producing a cake that is easier to peel off than the filter cloth. It is well known that in order to produce the above-mentioned easy-to-peel cake, it is sufficient to produce a thick cake with a low moisture content.
However, as the thickness of the cake layer increases, the time required for the filtration process as described above increases exponentially with respect to the cake thickness, and becomes the dominant factor in the total cycle time. Must be shortened. In addition, in the squeezing step, in order to further dehydrate the cake produced by filtration, the filter chamber is narrowed and the cake is mechanically squeezed, but the thinner the cake layer, the faster the dehydration occurs. However, the peeling of the cake from the filter cloth after dehydration is better when the cake is thicker. As mentioned above, each process except for opening and closing frames in one cycle has an effect on each other, and if the filtration process, which is the dominant factor in the time required for one cycle, is shortened, the cake layer becomes thinner. If trouble occurs in the discharge process and an attempt is made to thicken the cake layer, the filtration time will increase significantly and the time for one cycle will become longer, resulting in an inconvenience that will ultimately cause a significant drop in efficiency. In view of the above circumstances, it is an object of the present invention to provide an efficient operating method for a variable chamber volume filter press, in which the stock solution injection process and the subsequent compression process are alternately repeated. The cake produced by the injection of the stock solution is compressed and collected in the center of the filter chamber, and the cake formation by the injection of the stock solution is always performed using a filter cloth on which no cake layer is formed. The method of the present invention will be explained below with reference to the drawings. FIGS. 1 to 6 show an example of an apparatus for explaining the method of the present invention. In the figures, 1 is a filter press with variable filter chamber volume. In the filter press 1, a large number of filter plates 5 are disposed between a fixed plate 2 and a pressing plate 4 that is moved by a piston 3a of a hydraulic cylinder 3. An outer peripheral frame body 6 made of an elastic material is provided on the outer peripheral edge portions of both sides of the filter plates 5. Furthermore, filter cloths 7 are provided between the filter plates 5, and as shown in FIG.
are pressed against each other to form filter chambers 8. Grid-like grooves 9 are provided on the inner surface of the outer peripheral frame 6 of the filter plate 5. In order to discharge the filtrate to the outside, one end of the filtrate discharge hole 10 provided in the filter plate is opened in the lower part of the grid-like groove 9, and the other end of the discharge hole is opened in the filter plate 5. There is a hole in the lower edge of the. Further, through holes 12 are provided that pass through the fixed plate 2, the filter plates 5, and so on, and supply the stock solution to each filter chamber 8 through the stock solution supply valve 11. As shown in FIG.
2, the stock solution is supplied under pressure. The stock solution is filter cloth 7
... to form a cake layer on the filter cloth 7. The filtrate that has passed through the filter cloths 7 is discharged from the filtrate discharge holes 10 through the grid grooves 9. When the cake layer reaches a predetermined thickness, the supply of the stock solution is stopped, the valve 11 is closed, and the filter plates 5 are pressed by the pressing plate 4 as shown in FIG. By this operation, the elastic outer peripheral frame 6 deforms, and the filter chamber 8...
is narrowed and the cake is mechanically squeezed and dehydrated. After sufficient dehydration, the pressure of the pressing plate 4 is released, and the size of the filter chamber 8 is returned to its original state. At this time, if the cake has a predetermined thickness and is sufficiently dehydrated, it can be easily separated from the filter cloth 7 and placed in the center of the filter chamber 8 as shown in Fig. 4. A plate-like cake 13 is formed, and the inner peripheral wall of the filter chamber 8 becomes the filter cloth 7 from which the cake has been peeled off. Next, the stock solution supply valve 11 is opened again to supply the stock solution to the filter chambers 8. In this case, since the filter cloths 7 are exposed on the inner circumferential walls of the combining filter chambers 8, the stock solution is easily filtered and a cake layer is formed on the surface of the filter cloths 7. At this time, the filter chamber 8...the central plate cake 13...
Since it is sufficiently dehydrated and solidified, it will not disintegrate in a short period of time even if it comes into contact with the stock solution introduced. When a cake layer has formed on the filter cloth 7 to some extent, the feeding of the stock solution is stopped and the valve 11 is closed. Next, as shown in FIG. 6, the filter chambers 8 are narrowed in the same manner as before, and the cake is mechanically squeezed to dehydrate it. In this case, the currently produced cake is added to the plate-shaped cake 13, resulting in an even thicker dehydrated cake, which is more easily peeled off from the filter cloth 7 to form the plate-shaped cake 13. By repeating the above operations, the amount of cake in the filter chamber 8 can be easily increased. In particular, in the method of the present invention, in the first filtration, a certain amount of cake must be formed in order to improve peeling, but in subsequent filtration, the thickness of the cake layer is increased by adding the previous filtered cake. The layer becomes thicker, and the releasability from the filter cloth 7 becomes better. Furthermore, since filtration is always performed using the filter cloth 7 on which no cake layer is formed, filtration can be performed efficiently.
The throughput of cake (or stock solution) per unit time can be increased. EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically explained below with reference to Examples. Example Diameter of filtration surface 80cm, number of filtrate sheets 10, actual filtration area 10
Using the same type of variable chamber volume filter press as shown in Fig. 1 of m 2 , purified water sludge with a solids concentration of 5.1 wt% was filtered under pressure for 60 minutes at a pressure of 6 kg/cm 2 , and then at a pressure of 15 kg/cm 2 . The cake was compressed and dehydrated for 60 minutes, and the cake was collected in the center of the filter chamber. Furthermore, pressure filtration of the stock solution for 60 minutes and compression dehydration for 30 minutes were repeated twice. The results are shown in Table 1. Comparative Example Using the same filter press as in the example, filtration time was carried out by force feeding the stock solution at a pressure of 6 kg/cm 2 for 210 minutes, and then dehydration was carried out by pressing at a pressure of 15 kg/cm 2 for 290 minutes. The procedure was the same as in the example except that filtration and compression dehydration were not repeated. The results are listed in Table 1 along with the results of Examples. Further, the operating state is shown in Fig. 7.

【表】 表より明かなように、本発明の運転方法は、装
置を何等変更せずに、装置能力を大幅に高めるこ
とが出来る。 以上述べた如く、本発明に係る運転方法は、常
にケーキ層が付着していない濾布に対して、原液
の圧送が行なわれ、ケーキ層があまり厚くならな
いうちに圧搾によつて除去されるので、サイクル
時間の支配的要因となる濾過能率を高めることが
でき、かつケーキ厚さも厚くなるので排出も容易
となる等、濾室容積可変型フイルタープレスの運
転方法として極めてすぐれたものである。 尚説明には弾性材料製の濾板を使用したフイル
タープレスについて行つたものであるが、本運転
方法は濾室容積可変型フイルタープレス(例えば
ダイヤフラム圧搾型など)すべてに適用できるも
のである。
[Table] As is clear from the table, the operating method of the present invention can significantly increase the capacity of the equipment without making any changes to the equipment. As described above, in the operating method according to the present invention, the undiluted solution is always pumped to the filter cloth to which no cake layer is attached, and the cake layer is removed by squeezing before it becomes too thick. This is an extremely excellent method for operating a variable chamber volume filter press, as the filtration efficiency, which is a dominant factor in cycle time, can be increased, and the cake can be thickened, making it easier to discharge. Although the explanation was given for a filter press using a filter plate made of an elastic material, this operating method can be applied to all filter presses with variable filter chamber volume (for example, diaphragm compression type).

【図面の簡単な説明】[Brief explanation of drawings]

第1図ないし第6図は、本発明の方法を説明す
るための濾室容積可変型のフイルク・プレスの一
例を示す縦面図で、第1図は閉枠した状態を示す
図、第2図は原液を供給して濾布上にケーキ層を
形成せしめた図、第3図は、濾室容積を狭めた状
態を示す図、第4図は濾室をもとの容積とし、脱
水ケーキを濾室中央に集めた状態を示す図、第5
図は、脱水ケーキが中央に存在したまま、原液を
濾室に圧送して濾過を行なつている状態を示す
図、第6図は濾室容積を狭ばめ中央の脱水ケーキ
の両側にさらに濾過ケーキを圧搾脱水付着させて
いる状態を示す図、第7図は、実施例と比較例の
運転の状態を示す図である。 1……フイルタープレス、2……固定板、3…
…油圧シリンダ、3a……ピストン、4……押圧
板、5……濾板、6……弾性外周枠体、7……濾
布、8……濾室、9……グリツド状溝、10……
濾液排出孔、11……原液供給弁、12……貫通
孔、13……板状ケーキ。
1 to 6 are vertical views showing an example of a filter chamber volume variable type filter press for explaining the method of the present invention, FIG. 1 is a view showing a closed state, and FIG. The figure shows a cake layer formed on the filter cloth by supplying the stock solution, Figure 3 shows a state in which the volume of the filter chamber is narrowed, and Figure 4 shows a state in which the filter chamber has its original volume and a dehydrated cake layer is formed on the filter cloth. Figure 5 shows the state in which the water is collected in the center of the filter chamber.
The figure shows a state in which the undiluted solution is being pumped into the filter chamber for filtration while the dehydrated cake remains in the center. Figure 6 shows that the volume of the filter chamber has been narrowed and the dehydrated cake in the center is further expanded on both sides. FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the state in which the filter cake is compressed and dehydrated, and FIG. 7 is a diagram showing the operating state of the example and the comparative example. 1...Filter press, 2...Fixing plate, 3...
... Hydraulic cylinder, 3a ... Piston, 4 ... Pressing plate, 5 ... Filter plate, 6 ... Elastic outer peripheral frame, 7 ... Filter cloth, 8 ... Filter chamber, 9 ... Grid-like groove, 10 ... …
Filtrate discharge hole, 11... Raw solution supply valve, 12... Through hole, 13... Plate cake.

Claims (1)

【特許請求の範囲】[Claims] 1 濾室容積可変型、フイルタープレスにおい
て、原液の圧入工程とそれに続く圧搾工程を交互
に繰返して行ない、原液の圧入によつて生成した
ケーキを圧搾して濾室の中央部に集め、新しいケ
ーキの生成を常に濾布上で行なうようにしたこと
を特徴とするフイルタープレスの運転方法。
1. In a filter press with variable filtration chamber volume, the step of injecting the stock solution and the subsequent squeezing step are repeated alternately, and the cake produced by the injection of the stock solution is compressed and collected in the center of the filter chamber, and a new cake is produced. 1. A method of operating a filter press, characterized in that generation of is always carried out on a filter cloth.
JP56131859A 1981-08-22 1981-08-22 Operation of filter press Granted JPS5834012A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP56131859A JPS5834012A (en) 1981-08-22 1981-08-22 Operation of filter press

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP56131859A JPS5834012A (en) 1981-08-22 1981-08-22 Operation of filter press

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JPS5834012A JPS5834012A (en) 1983-02-28
JPH0211281B2 true JPH0211281B2 (en) 1990-03-13

Family

ID=15067783

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP56131859A Granted JPS5834012A (en) 1981-08-22 1981-08-22 Operation of filter press

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JPS5834012A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102872622A (en) * 2012-10-17 2013-01-16 无锡锦和科技有限公司 Variable mould cavity water collecting and draining component of pressure filter
JPWO2019026565A1 (en) * 2017-08-03 2020-04-02 東罐興業株式会社 Cylindrical body, container, and method of manufacturing container

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ITFI20030247A1 (en) * 2003-09-25 2005-03-26 Galigani Filtri S R L PLATES AND FRAMES FOR HIGH-PERFORMANCE FILTERS OF

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102872622A (en) * 2012-10-17 2013-01-16 无锡锦和科技有限公司 Variable mould cavity water collecting and draining component of pressure filter
CN102872622B (en) * 2012-10-17 2015-11-25 无锡锦和科技有限公司 A kind of variable mould cavity collection drain assembly of filter press
JPWO2019026565A1 (en) * 2017-08-03 2020-04-02 東罐興業株式会社 Cylindrical body, container, and method of manufacturing container

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