JPH0210933B2 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- JPH0210933B2 JPH0210933B2 JP14072680A JP14072680A JPH0210933B2 JP H0210933 B2 JPH0210933 B2 JP H0210933B2 JP 14072680 A JP14072680 A JP 14072680A JP 14072680 A JP14072680 A JP 14072680A JP H0210933 B2 JPH0210933 B2 JP H0210933B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- emulsion
- solution
- reaction vessel
- added
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 49
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- HAAYBYDROVFKPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver;azane;nitrate Chemical compound N.N.[Ag+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O HAAYBYDROVFKPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 37
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 23
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 23
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 23
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 23
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 15
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium bromide Chemical compound [K+].[Br-] IOLCXVTUBQKXJR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 6
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;9,10-dioxoanthracene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C3C(=O)C2=C1 GGCZERPQGJTIQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 4
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002612 dispersion medium Substances 0.000 description 3
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium acetate Chemical compound N.CC(O)=O USFZMSVCRYTOJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005695 Ammonium acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M Bromide Chemical compound [Br-] CPELXLSAUQHCOX-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940043376 ammonium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019257 ammonium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- CSKNSYBAZOQPLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzenesulfonyl chloride Chemical compound ClS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 CSKNSYBAZOQPLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920005615 natural polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ag+].[Ag+] NDVLTYZPCACLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001059 synthetic polymer Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- JAAIPIWKKXCNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1h-tetrazol-1-ium-5-thiolate Chemical class SC1=NN=NN1 JAAIPIWKKXCNOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VZYDKJOUEPFKMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydroxybenzenesulfonic acid Chemical class OC1=CC=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C1O VZYDKJOUEPFKMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OWIRCRREDNEXTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-nitro-1h-indazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2C([N+](=O)[O-])=NNC2=C1 OWIRCRREDNEXTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000020 Nitrocellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfobutanedioic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)S(O)(=O)=O ULUAUXLGCMPNKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N [(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5,6-trinitrooxy-2-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxan-3-yl]oxy-3,5-dinitrooxy-6-(nitrooxymethyl)oxan-4-yl] nitrate Chemical compound O([C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@H]1[C@@H]([C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O1)O[N+]([O-])=O)CO[N+](=O)[O-])[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO[N+]([O-])=O)O[C@@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H](O[N+]([O-])=O)[C@H]1O[N+]([O-])=O FJWGYAHXMCUOOM-QHOUIDNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005054 agglomeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium bromide Chemical compound [NH4+].[Br-] SWLVFNYSXGMGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940045713 antineoplastic alkylating drug ethylene imines Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001541 aziridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001718 carbodiimides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000875 corresponding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011033 desalting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 108010025899 gelatin film Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002401 inhibitory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006289 polycarbonate film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920006267 polyester film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001397 quillaja saponaria molina bark Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229930182490 saponin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000007949 saponins Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001923 silver oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuryl dichloride Chemical class ClS(Cl)(=O)=O YBBRCQOCSYXUOC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical class OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C1/00—Photosensitive materials
- G03C1/005—Silver halide emulsions; Preparation thereof; Physical treatment thereof; Incorporation of additives therein
- G03C1/015—Apparatus or processes for the preparation of emulsions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C2200/00—Details
- G03C2200/44—Details pH value
Description
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The present invention relates to a method for producing a silver halide photographic emulsion using a novel ammonia method, which has high sensitivity and improved physical properties of the film. In general, silver halide photographic emulsions are made by adding an aqueous solution of a water-soluble silver salt and an aqueous solution of an alkali halide (also called an alkali halide) to a dispersion medium such as an aqueous gelatin solution to generate and disperse silver halide grains. In this production method, when ammoniacal silver nitrate is used as the water-soluble silver salt, it is called an ammonia method photographic emulsion. Furthermore, an aqueous solution of a hydrophilic colloid such as gelatin and a required amount of alkali halide or water-soluble silver salt are mixed in advance in a reaction vessel for emulsion preparation, and the water-soluble silver salt or aqueous alkali halide solution is added to this mixture, respectively. A method in which a water-soluble silver salt and an alkali halide aqueous solution are simultaneously added to a hydrophilic colloid aqueous solution in a reaction vessel and reacted is called a double-jet method. I'm calling. A characteristic of the ammoniacal photographic emulsion according to the present invention is that the growth rate of silver halide grains is faster than that achieved by other methods. However, on the other hand, since a large amount of ammonia is poured into the reaction vessel for emulsion preparation, the pH of the reaction mixture in the reaction vessel becomes extremely high.
Since the pH value often exceeds 10, silver oxide is likely to be formed, and as a result, the prepared photographic emulsion has the property of causing fog. In addition, in the above-mentioned high PH atmosphere, which is correlated with the influence of temperature, it also promotes the hydrolysis of gelatin as a hydrophilic colloid, which is a dispersion medium, and deteriorates its protective colloidal properties. The result is that the physical properties of the gelatin film of the emulsion are significantly impaired. In addition, such hydrolysis of gelatin has various effects such as inhibiting or promoting the growth of silver halide grains and changing the crystal habit of silver halide grains, and is also a cause of manufacturing variations. . In this way, the ammonia method for producing photographic emulsions has the advantage that large grains can be obtained in a relatively short time regardless of whether it is a single-jet method or a double-jet method. Due to its high pH, it also has undesirable drawbacks in terms of photosensitive characteristics and physical properties of photographic emulsions. Furthermore, JP-A-54-99419 discloses a method for producing an emulsion consisting of monodisperse particles by containing an acid such as acetic acid or nitric acid in an alkali halide solution that is added to a reaction vessel at the same time as ammoniacal silver nitrate. However, this method is not sufficient in terms of sensitivity. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to improve the conventional method for producing a photographic emulsion using the ammonia method as described above, and to provide a method for producing a photographic emulsion using the ammonia method, in which a photographic emulsion with high sensitivity and excellent physical properties can be obtained. be. As a result of various studies, the inventors of the present invention found that before pouring the ammoniacal silver nitrate aqueous solution into the reaction vessel, an aqueous solution of acetic acid or citric acid and/or a salt of acetic acid or citric acid and ammonia was added in advance. It has been found that the above object can be achieved by a method for producing a photographic emulsion using an ammonia method in which the emulsion is kept in a reaction vessel. That is, the manufacturing method of the present invention is characterized by the use of an acid or An aqueous solution of an acid and an ammonia salt is made to exist in the reaction vessel before the ammoniacal silver nitrate aqueous solution is added. Hereinafter, the manufacturing method of the present invention will be explained in detail. First, acids are effectively used in the present invention, and the acid used in the present invention refers to a compound that exhibits a so-called acidic reaction in an aqueous solution. In this method, an ammoniacal silver nitrate aqueous solution is charged into the reaction vessel in advance, but in the case of other mixing methods, the pH of the mixture in the reaction vessel before the ammoniacal silver nitrate aqueous solution is added.
Since the pH is relatively low, if a strong acid such as nitric acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, or hydrochloric acid is used in the present invention, the pH will drop too much and the physical properties of gelatin will deteriorate, or the pH will deteriorate due to the interaction with ammoniacal silver nitrate. The use of the above-mentioned strong acids is not preferred since the reaction temperature may increase during the summation reaction. In particular, when the physical properties of seratin deteriorate, "sharpness" becomes noticeable in images obtained during high-temperature rapid processing, which can significantly impair the commercial value of medical X-ray films and the like for direct image observation. Therefore, in such a case,
Use of a weak acid such as acetic acid or citric acid, or a combination of an acid and ammonia to neutralize it, is effective and preferred. The amount of the above acid used in the present invention is:
The appropriate amount is in the range of 1/3 to 1/200 of the amount necessary to neutralize the ammonia component contained in the ammoniacal silver nitrate aqueous solution, but preferably in the range of 1/5 to 1/50. Further, the amount of the ammonia used together with the acid in the present invention is suitably stoichiometrically equivalent to the amount of the acid or less. In the production method of the present invention, instead of using stoichiometrically equivalent amounts of acid and ammonia as described above, salts thereof, such as ammonium bromide,
Alternatively, the effect can be obtained by using it in the form of ammonium halide such as ammonium chloride, or ammonium acetate. According to the manufacturing method of the present invention as described above, in the conventional ammonium method photographic emulsion manufacturing method, when the pH of the mixture in the reaction vessel for emulsion preparation increased to 10.4, the addition of acid or an aqueous solution of acid and ammonia, etc. As a result, the PH can be lowered by about 1 or more, so the physical properties are improved without changing the basic emulsion performance, such as the average grain size, grain size distribution, and crystal habit of silver halide, and high sensitivity is achieved. It is possible to obtain a photographic emulsion with low fog. Furthermore, according to the method of the present invention, since the pH of the reaction mixture in the reaction vessel can be lowered, it is possible to prepare a photographic emulsion at a high temperature, for example, 40°C to 70°C. In addition, for example, if a closed pressure cooker is used, the temperature range for preparing the emulsion can be further widened. According to the production method of the present invention, at least before injecting the ammoniacal silver nitrate aqueous solution into the reaction vessel,
Since the effects of the present invention can be obtained by allowing the acid and/or the salt of acid and ammonia to exist in the reaction vessel, the present invention can be widely applied to various photographic emulsion preparation techniques. Typical embodiments thereof are shown below. (1) Single-jet method (direct mixing method) While stirring the gelatin aqueous solution of alkali halide in a reaction vessel, acetic acid and ammonia aqueous solution are added, and then an ammoniacal silver nitrate solution is added dropwise within the required time. Thereafter, adjust the pH and desalt according to the usual method. This is the preferred method for obtaining highly sensitive emulsions. (Back mixing method) First, a gelatin aqueous solution of acetic acid and ammonia is poured into a reaction vessel, an ammoniacal silver nitrate solution is added to this with stirring, and then an alkali halide gelatin aqueous solution is added dropwise within the required time. , mix the emulsion. The subsequent processing is performed in exactly the same manner as described above. (2) Double-jet method A gelatin aqueous solution containing an alkali halide and acetic acid is poured into a reaction vessel, and while stirring, an ammoniacal silver nitrate solution and an alkali halide gelatin aqueous solution are simultaneously added within the required time to form an emulsion. Prepare. The subsequent processing is performed in exactly the same manner as described above. The acetic acid used in this case may be used alone or in combination with ammonia. In addition, the dispersion medium added to the reaction vessel used in the present invention includes hydrophilic colloid liquids made of known natural polymer compounds and synthetic polymer compounds including gelatin, and these may be used alone or in combination. can be used. In addition, the halide ions of the alkali halide used in the present invention include chlorine ions, bromide ions, and iodide ions, and these are used alone or in combination, but in the present invention, it is possible to obtain a highly sensitive photographic emulsion. Mainly bromide ions and iodide ions are preferably used from the viewpoint of the intended purpose. When the method of the present invention is applied to the double jet method, as described in JP-A No. 54-99419, acetic acid, nitric acid, etc. Even if this acid is contained, the effects of the present invention will not be impaired. The silver halide emulsion grains produced according to the present invention have an average grain size of 0.1 ÎŒm or more, preferably 0.7 ÎŒm.
The effect of the present invention is significant above m. Also,
The silver halide photographic emulsion produced according to the present invention can be further chemically sensitized by various sensitization methods, such as gold sensitization, sulfur sensitization, reduction sensitization, etc. Spectral sensitization or superchromatic sensitization can also be achieved by using either alone or in combination. Furthermore, it is optional to add various photographic additives to the silver halide photographic emulsion according to the present invention.
For example, it is preferable to add a development accelerator such as a thioether compound, a quaternary ammonia salt, a polyalkylene oxide compound, etc. Antifoggants or stabilizers that can be optionally used include:
One or more appropriately selected from azaindenes, thiazolium salts, sulfocatechols, urazoles, nitrones, nitroindazoles, mercaptotetrazoles, polycarboxylic acids, polyvinylpyrrolidone compounds, polyoxyaryl compounds, etc. Contains things. Furthermore, optionally used gelatin hardening agents include aldehydes, ethyleneimines, epoxies, sulfonyl chlorides, vinyl sulfonic acids, isocyanates, carbodiimides, active olefins, active halogens, aziridines, or Compounds in which these active functional groups are blocked are included. It is also possible to contain wetting agents such as hydroxyalkanes or water-dispersible fine particle polymer compounds obtained by emulsion polymerization, plasticizers, film property improvers, etc., and coating aids such as saponin and sulfosuccinates. It is optional to include various photographic additives such as additives. Further, the silver halide photographic emulsion according to the present invention can contain a hydrophilic binder depending on the purpose. Suitable binders include gelatin, gelatin derivatives such as phthalated gelatin, water-soluble cellulose derivatives, polymers bound by hydrophilic synthetic or natural polymeric compounds such as polyvinyl alcohol, and the like. Excess halide and unnecessary ions can be removed from the silver halide photographic emulsion according to the present invention by a method commonly used in the art. Known examples of the above-mentioned methods include a nude water washing method, a combined precipitation method using alcohol, benzene sulfochloride, etc., and a centrifugation method.
The silver halide photographic emulsion according to the invention can also be applied to a suitable support such as a glass plate, cellulose acetate, cellulose nitrate, polystyrene, a polyester film such as polyethylene phthalate, a polycarbonate film, a polyacid film, etc. in a conventional manner. It can be applied. The method for manufacturing the photographic emulsion of the present invention described in detail above can be applied to any ammonia method emulsion described in RD-1662, RD-18431, etc. According to the method of the present invention, latent type emulsions, color emulsions,
Monodispersed emulsions for printing, highly sensitive emulsions for X-rays, etc. can be easily obtained. The present invention will be explained below with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereby. Example 1 A solution according to the following formulation was prepared, and an emulsion was produced using these solutions according to the following method. (A-1) Ammonia water (28%) 10ml Glacial acetic acid 10ml Water 10ml (A-2) Potassium bromide 90g Potassium iodide 2g Gelatin 8g Water 700ml (A-3) Silver nitrate 100g Ammonia water (28%) 105ml Water In addition, 300 ml (A-4) Gelatin 10 g Phenol 0.2 g Water 300 ml (Production of emulsion-1) Pour solution (A-2) into the reaction vessel for emulsion preparation, and use a propeller type stirrer with a rotation speed of 300 rpm. The solution (A-
3) was divided into 1 volume: 2 volumes, and 1 volume, 100 ml, was added over 1 minute. After stirring for 10 minutes, the remaining 2 volumes of solution (A-3), 200 ml, were added over 2 minutes, and stirring was continued for an additional 30 minutes. Then, acetic acid was added to adjust the pH of the solution in the reaction vessel to 6, and the reaction was stopped. Next, the emulsion was desalted by a precipitation method using benzenesulfonyl chloride, and solution (A-4) was added to prepare emulsion-1 having a volume of 350 ml and having a pAg of 7.8. (Manufacture of emulsion-2) Pour the solution (A-2) into the reaction vessel and rotate at a rotation speed of 300.
The solution (A-1) was further added while stirring with a propeller type stirrer at revolutions per minute. While maintaining the reaction temperature at 55° C., solution (A-3) was added in exactly the same manner as described in the production of Emulsion-1, and the same treatment was carried out to produce Emulsion-2. Emulsion-1 and emulsion- obtained as above
2 is further sensitized with gold and sulfur, and in addition to gelatin,
Known stabilizers, inhibitors, coating aids, etc. were added, and the mixture was coated on a cellulose acetate film support and dried to prepare Sample-1 and Sample-2, respectively. Both samples above were exposed to white light using a KS-type sensitometer (manufactured by Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.), and after exposure, they were exposed to white light using a KS-type sensitometer (manufactured by Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.). Development processing was performed at 35° C. for 35 seconds using a processing machine (manufactured by Konishiroku Photo Industry Co., Ltd.). For the treated sample, the blackening density was measured using a PDA-65 densitometer (manufactured by Konishiroku Photography Co., Ltd.), and was calculated as the reciprocal of the exposure amount required to give a density of fog density + 0.5. The sensitivity was determined, and the relative values of the results (assuming the sensitivity of sample-1 as 100) are shown in Table 1 below. Next, sample-1 and sample-2 were cut into 10 cm square pieces, and the whole surface of the sample was exposed to light so that the blackening density after development was 0.7. Image evaluation was performed on those that had been developed using an automatic processing machine.
This image evaluation evaluates "that" in the image that is thought to be the cause of the agglomeration of developed silver particles over the entire surface or partial blackening that is thought to be caused by the pressure of the conveyance rack of the automatic processor. The visual evaluation criteria is 5 levels A, B, C, D, and E, with A being the best;
C is classified as being practical, and anything below that is classified as having significant "those", and shows the results of visual evaluation.
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ã«åŸã€ãã[Table] As is clear from Table 1 above, sample 2 of the emulsion manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention has higher sensitivity than sample 1 of the emulsion manufactured by the conventional method, and the "that" of the image has been improved. You can see that Example 2 Solutions according to the following formulation were prepared, and using these solutions, emulsions were manufactured by the following method. (B-1) Potassium bromide 10g Potassium iodide 3g Gelatin 5g Water 250ml (B-2) Potassium bromide 10g Potassium iodide 3g Gelatin 5g Glacial acetic acid 10ml Water 240ml (B-3) Potassium bromide 10g Potassium iodide 3g Gelatin 5g Ammonium acetate 10g Water 250ml (B-4) Silver nitrate 100g Aqueous ammonia (28%) 105ml Add water to 300ml (B-5) Potassium bromide 90g Gelatin 2g Water 300ml (B-6) Gelatin 10g Phenol 0.2g Water 300ml (Manufacture of emulsion-3) Pour the solution (B-1) into the reaction vessel and rotate at 300 rpm.
Stir with a propeller type stirrer at revolutions per minute, and
The solution (B-
4) and the solution (B-5) kept at 55â were added at the same time, the former was added over 15 minutes and the latter over 30 minutes, stirring was continued for another 5 minutes, and acetic acid was added to adjust the pH to 6. Adjustments were made to terminate the reaction. Hereinafter, desalting was carried out in the same manner as in Example-1, and the solution (B
350ml emulsion with pAg 7.8 after adding -6) -3
I got it. (Manufacture of emulsion-4) Pour the solution (B-2) into the reaction vessel and rotate at a rotation speed of 300.
The solution (B-
4) and the solution (B-5) kept at 55°C were added at the same time, the former was added for 15 minutes and the latter for 30 minutes, and stirring was continued for an additional 5 minutes.
Acetic acid was added to adjust the pH to 6 to complete the reaction. The emulsion-4 was then processed in the same manner as the emulsion-3. (Manufacture of emulsion-5) Pour the solution (B-3) into the reaction vessel and rotate at a rotation speed of 300.
The solution (B-
4) and the solution (B-5) kept at 55° C. were added at the same time, the former being added over 15 minutes and the latter over 30 minutes. Stirring was continued for an additional 5 minutes, and then acetic acid was added to adjust the pH to 6 to terminate the reaction. Emulsion-5 was obtained by processing in the same manner as Emulsion-3. Emulsion produced as above-3, Emulsion-
4. Emulsion-5 was sensitized with gold and sulfur in the same manner as in Example-1, and then processed to produce the corresponding sample-3,
Sample-4 and sample-5 were prepared. The obtained samples were exposed and developed in the same manner as in Example 1, and sensitivity measurements and image evaluations were performed, and the results are shown in Table 2 below. The method of presentation in Table 2 was exactly the same as in Table 1.
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ã«ãªã€ãã[Table] Emulsion samples prepared based on the method of the present invention -
It is clear from Table 2 above that the sensitivity of the lens No. 5 was particularly high compared to the others, and the "that" aspect of the image was also improved.
Claims (1)
液ãšãçšããããã²ã³åéåçä¹³å€ã®è£œé æ¹æ³ã«
ãããŠã該ã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢æ§ç¡é žé氎溶液ãåå¿éã«
æå ¥ããã«å ç«ã€ãŠãé ¢é žæã¯ã¯ãšã³é žåã³ïŒãŸ
ãã¯é ¢é žæã¯ã¯ãšã³é žãšã¢ã³ã¢ãã¢ãšã®å¡©ã®æ°Žæº¶
液ããããããåå¿éäžã«ååšããããããšãç¹
城ãšããããã²ã³åéåçä¹³å€ã®è£œé æ¹æ³ã1. In a method for producing a silver halide photographic emulsion using ammoniacal silver nitrate and an aqueous alkali halide solution, prior to charging the ammoniacal silver nitrate aqueous solution into a reaction vessel, acetic acid or citric acid and/or acetic acid or citric acid are added. 1. A method for producing a silver halide photographic emulsion, which comprises pre-existing an aqueous solution of a salt with ammonia in a reaction vessel.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP14072680A JPS5764226A (en) | 1980-10-07 | 1980-10-07 | Preparation of silver halide photographic emulsion |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP14072680A JPS5764226A (en) | 1980-10-07 | 1980-10-07 | Preparation of silver halide photographic emulsion |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JPS5764226A JPS5764226A (en) | 1982-04-19 |
JPH0210933B2 true JPH0210933B2 (en) | 1990-03-12 |
Family
ID=15275274
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP14072680A Granted JPS5764226A (en) | 1980-10-07 | 1980-10-07 | Preparation of silver halide photographic emulsion |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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JP (1) | JPS5764226A (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JPS62141534A (en) * | 1985-12-16 | 1987-06-25 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Production of silver halide photographic emulsion |
-
1980
- 1980-10-07 JP JP14072680A patent/JPS5764226A/en active Granted
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JPS5764226A (en) | 1982-04-19 |
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