JPH02101474A - Electrophotographic color toner - Google Patents
Electrophotographic color tonerInfo
- Publication number
- JPH02101474A JPH02101474A JP63253859A JP25385988A JPH02101474A JP H02101474 A JPH02101474 A JP H02101474A JP 63253859 A JP63253859 A JP 63253859A JP 25385988 A JP25385988 A JP 25385988A JP H02101474 A JPH02101474 A JP H02101474A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- toner
- powder
- particle size
- fluidity
- weight
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 49
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910002012 Aerosil® Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- -1 ethylene, propylene, butylene Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 235000010724 Wisteria floribunda Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Butylmethacrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C SOGAXMICEFXMKE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isoprene Chemical compound CC(=C)C=C RRHGJUQNOFWUDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 2
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108091008695 photoreceptors Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQMWHMMJVJNCAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-dimethylpenta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)C(C)=C WQMWHMMJVJNCAL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-chloroethenylbenzene Chemical compound ClC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 SBYMUDUGTIKLCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,7-bis(dimethylamino)phenothiazin-5-ium Chemical compound C1=CC(N(C)C)=CC2=[S+]C3=CC(N(C)C)=CC=C3N=C21 RBTBFTRPCNLSDE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2-phenylethenyl)furan-2,5-dione Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C(C=CC=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 PYSRRFNXTXNWCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanide Chemical compound N#[C-] XFXPMWWXUTWYJX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006087 Silane Coupling Agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000147 Styrene maleic anhydride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002174 Styrene-butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000800 acrylic rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L azure blue Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[S-]S[S-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] IRERQBUNZFJFGC-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N butadiene-styrene rubber Chemical compound C=CC=C.C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 MTAZNLWOLGHBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007822 coupling agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000664 diazo group Chemical group [N-]=[N+]=[*] 0.000 description 1
- GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(C)=C GMSCBRSQMRDRCD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C(C)=C SUPCQIBBMFXVTL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- PBZROIMXDZTJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N hepta-1,6-dien-4-one Chemical compound C=CCC(=O)CC=C PBZROIMXDZTJDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000005661 hydrophobic surface Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000831 ionic polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000006233 lamp black Substances 0.000 description 1
- PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N lauryl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C PBOSTUDLECTMNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead chromate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-][Cr]([O-])(=O)=O MOUPNEIJQCETIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006247 magnetic powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940002712 malachite green oxalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl vinyl ether Chemical compound COC=C XJRBAMWJDBPFIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960000907 methylthioninium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000005673 monoalkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HILCQVNWWOARMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N non-1-en-3-one Chemical compound CCCCCCC(=O)C=C HILCQVNWWOARMT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940065472 octyl acrylate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C ANISOHQJBAQUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N penta-1,4-dien-3-one Chemical class C=CC(=O)C=C UCUUFSAXZMGPGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound C=CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1 WRAQQYDMVSCOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940099800 pigment red 48 Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002285 poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001197 polyacetylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940051201 quinoline yellow Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000012752 quinoline yellow Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004172 quinoline yellow Substances 0.000 description 1
- IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinoline yellow Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C3C(C4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)=O)=CC=C21 IZMJMCDDWKSTTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silanamine Chemical group [SiH3]N FZHAPNGMFPVSLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011115 styrene butadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003440 styrenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013799 ultramarine blue Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl methyl ketone Natural products CC(=O)C=C FUSUHKVFWTUUBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XOSXWYQMOYSSKB-LDKJGXKFSA-L water blue Chemical compound CC1=CC(/C(\C(C=C2)=CC=C2NC(C=C2)=CC=C2S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(\C=C2)/C=C/C\2=N\C(C=C2)=CC=C2S([O-])(=O)=O)=CC(S(O)(=O)=O)=C1N.[Na+].[Na+] XOSXWYQMOYSSKB-LDKJGXKFSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000037303 wrinkles Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001052 yellow pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03G—ELECTROGRAPHY; ELECTROPHOTOGRAPHY; MAGNETOGRAPHY
- G03G9/00—Developers
- G03G9/08—Developers with toner particles
- G03G9/097—Plasticisers; Charge controlling agents
- G03G9/09708—Inorganic compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
産業上の利用分野
本発明は、静電潜像を現像するための電子写真カラート
ナーに関する。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention This invention relates to electrophotographic color toners for developing electrostatic latent images.
従来の技術
従来、電子写真用現像剤としては、ポリスチレン、スチ
レン−ブタジェン共単合体、ポリエステル等の樹脂類に
カーボンブラック、フタ（コシアニンブルー等の顔料又
は染料を着色剤として使用し、溶融混線後、１μｍから
３０μｍに粉砕して得られたトナーと、キャリアとして
平均粒径がトナーの粒径とほぼ同じか、ないしは５００
μｍまでのガラスピーズ、鉄、ニッケル、フェライト等
の粒子、あるいはこれ等に種々の樹脂を被覆したものと
を混ぜ合わせたものが一般に用いられている。Conventional technology Conventionally, electrophotographic developers have been developed by using resins such as polystyrene, styrene-butadiene comonolymer, and polyester with pigments or dyes such as carbon black and cocyanine blue as coloring agents. After that, the toner obtained by pulverizing from 1 μm to 30 μm is used as a carrier with an average particle size of approximately the same as that of the toner or 500 μm.
Glass beads of up to μm in size, particles of iron, nickel, ferrite, etc., or mixtures of these coated with various resins are generally used.
ところで、カーボンブラック、磁性粉末等を含有しない
カラートナーは、トナーの抵抗が高いため、トナー間の
電荷交換性が劣り、トナーアトミックス性が悪く、非画
像部にカブリの多い画像が生じる。また、低温低湿の条
件下で帯電量が増加し、画像濃度の低下が生じる。これ
を改善する為に、従来導電性微粉末を外添することが行
われている。By the way, color toners that do not contain carbon black, magnetic powder, etc. have high toner resistance, resulting in poor charge exchangeability between toners, poor toner atomicity, and producing images with a lot of fog in non-image areas. Further, under low temperature and low humidity conditions, the amount of charge increases, resulting in a decrease in image density. In order to improve this, conductive fine powder has been conventionally added externally.
一方、トナーの保存性、流動性を改善するために、無機
微粉末を外添することも知られており、通常粒径２０ｍ
μ程度のシリカ微粉末が使用されている。On the other hand, in order to improve the storage stability and fluidity of toner, it is also known to externally add inorganic fine powder, which usually has a particle size of 20 m.
Fine silica powder of about μ size is used.
発明が解決しようとする課題
カラートナーについて、上記の問題を解決するためには
、外添剤として導電性粉末とシリカ微粉末とを併用すれ
ばよいが、トナーの保存性、流動性を改善するのに必要
な量のシリカ微粉末を使用すると、導電性粉末の添加効
果を有効に発揮することができず、カブリの多い画像が
生じたり、低温低湿において画像濃度の低い画像が生じ
るという問題がめった。他方、導電性粉末の添加効果を
発揮させる目的で、シリカ微粉末の使用量を減じると、
トナーの保存性、流動性が改善されなくなるという問題
があり、これ等両者を同時に満足させることは困難でお
った。Problems to be Solved by the Invention In order to solve the above-mentioned problems regarding color toner, it is sufficient to use conductive powder and fine silica powder together as external additives, but it is necessary to improve the storage stability and fluidity of the toner. If the required amount of silica fine powder is used, the effect of adding conductive powder cannot be effectively exhibited, resulting in problems such as images with a lot of fog and images with low image density at low temperatures and low humidity. Rarely. On the other hand, if the amount of silica fine powder used is reduced to maximize the effect of adding conductive powder,
There is a problem that the storage stability and fluidity of the toner cannot be improved, and it has been difficult to satisfy both of these requirements at the same time.
本発明は、従来の技術における上記のような問題点に鑑
みてなされたものである。The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems in the conventional technology.
したがって、本発明の目的は、非画像部にカブリを生じ
ることがなく、環境安定性に優れ、かつ保存性、流動性
が優れ、多数枚の複写にも安定した画質の画像を得るこ
とができる電子写真カラートナーを提供することに必る
。Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an image that does not cause fogging in non-image areas, has excellent environmental stability, has excellent storage stability, and fluidity, and has stable image quality even when copied in large numbers. It is necessary to provide electrophotographic color toner.
課題を解決するための手段
本発明者等は、上記従来の技術における問題点は、シリ
カ微粉末の粒径を特定の範囲に設定すると解決されるこ
とを見出だし、本発明を完成するに至った。Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have discovered that the problems in the above-mentioned conventional techniques can be solved by setting the particle size of fine silica powder within a specific range, and have completed the present invention. Ta.
本発明の電子写真カラートナーは、少なくとも結着樹脂
及び着色剤を含有するトナー粒子よりなり、そして、外
添剤として、無色又は透明な導電性粉末、及び粒径１０
ｍμｍ以下の絶縁性無機微粉末を添加してなることを
特徴とする。The electrophotographic color toner of the present invention consists of toner particles containing at least a binder resin and a colorant, and contains colorless or transparent conductive powder as an external additive, and a particle size of 10
It is characterized by adding insulating inorganic fine powder of mμm or less.
以下、本発明について詳記する。The present invention will be described in detail below.
本発明の電子写真カラートナーに於いて、外添剤として
使用される導電性粉末は、電気抵抗率１０ Ω・ｃｍ
以下、好ましくは１０８Ω・ｃｍ以下のものである。電
気抵抗率が１０１０Ω・ｃｍよりも高くなると、摩擦帯
電量が大きくなり過ぎ、像濃度の低下や、転写性の低下
をきたし、導電性付与効果が生じなくなる。In the electrophotographic color toner of the present invention, the conductive powder used as an external additive has an electrical resistivity of 10 Ω・cm.
Below, it is preferably 10 8 Ω·cm or less. When the electrical resistivity is higher than 1010 Ω·cm, the amount of triboelectric charging becomes too large, resulting in a decrease in image density and transferability, and the effect of imparting electrical conductivity is no longer produced.
その様な導電性粉末を構成する物質としては、金、銀、
銅、アルミニウム、鉄、ニッケル等の金属、酸化チタン
、酸化亜鉛、酸化錫、酸化アルミニウム等の金属酸化物
、ポリアセチレン、有機電荷移動錯体、アニオン性又は
カチオン性のイオン性高分子物質等の有機導電体又は半
導体等があげられる。更に、シリカや合成樹脂等の絶縁
性物質粒子を、導電性物質によって蒸着、メツキ、被覆
等の表面処理したものを使用することもできる。Materials constituting such conductive powder include gold, silver,
Organic conductive materials such as metals such as copper, aluminum, iron, and nickel, metal oxides such as titanium oxide, zinc oxide, tin oxide, and aluminum oxide, polyacetylene, organic charge transfer complexes, and anionic or cationic ionic polymer substances. Examples include bodies, semiconductors, etc. Furthermore, it is also possible to use insulating material particles such as silica or synthetic resin that have been surface-treated by vapor deposition, plating, coating, etc. with a conductive material.
本発明において、導電性粉末は、粒径０．０１〜０．５
ｐｍ、好ましくは０．１〜０．３１ＩＩｆｔの範囲に設
定される。粒径が０．５μｍよりも大きくなると、トナ
ー本来の色相を変化させたり、画質を荒らしたりすると
いう障害を引き起こす場合が多く、逆に０．０１μｍよ
りも小さくなると、導電性粉末の添加効果が生じ難くな
る。In the present invention, the conductive powder has a particle size of 0.01 to 0.5
pm, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.31 IIft. If the particle size is larger than 0.5 μm, it often causes problems such as changing the original hue of the toner or ruining the image quality. Conversely, if the particle size is smaller than 0.01 μm, the effect of adding conductive powder is reduced. It becomes difficult to occur.
導電性粉末の添加量は、その物質の比重、粒径などに依
存し、−概に規定し得ないが、約０．０１〜１０重量％
、好ましくは約０．１〜５重量％程度でおって、導電性
粉末粒子が連続層を形成せず、トナーの電気抵抗率が約
１０１４Ω・ｃｍ以上になるように添加することが必要
である。The amount of conductive powder added depends on the specific gravity, particle size, etc. of the substance, and cannot be generally specified, but is approximately 0.01 to 10% by weight.
, preferably about 0.1 to 5% by weight, and must be added so that the conductive powder particles do not form a continuous layer and the electrical resistivity of the toner is about 1014 Ω·cm or more. .
本発明において、絶縁性無機微粉末としては、電気抵抗
率１０１４Ω・ｃｍ以上のものが使用でき、例えば、シ
リカ、酸化アルミニウム、酸化チタン等の微粉末をあげ
ることができるが、本発明においては、シリカ微粉末を
用いるのが特に好ましい。In the present invention, as the insulating inorganic fine powder, one having an electrical resistivity of 1014 Ω·cm or more can be used, and examples thereof include fine powders of silica, aluminum oxide, titanium oxide, etc., but in the present invention, Particular preference is given to using fine silica powder.
シリカ微粉末としては、シリカ微粒子そのもの、又は、
特公昭５４−１６２１９号公報に記載されているごとき
ケイ素−炭素・結合によって直接にケイ素に結合されて
いる１〜３個の有機基を有するケイ素原子がケイ素−酸
素−ケイ素結合を介して化学的に結合した、表面ケイ素
原子を有する二酸化ケイ素粒子があげられる。シリカ微
粒子は疎水性表面処理が施されていてもよい。更に、シ
ランカップリング剤、チタネートカップリング剤等で処
理が施されてもよい。As the silica fine powder, silica fine particles themselves, or
As described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 54-16219, silicon atoms having 1 to 3 organic groups directly bonded to silicon through silicon-carbon bonds are chemically bonded through silicon-oxygen-silicon bonds. Examples include silicon dioxide particles having surface silicon atoms bonded to. The silica fine particles may be subjected to a hydrophobic surface treatment. Furthermore, treatment may be performed with a silane coupling agent, a titanate coupling agent, or the like.
本発明においてこれ等絶縁性無機微粉末は粒径が１０
ｍμｍ以下であることが必要でおる。粒径が１０ｍμｍ
よりも大きくなると、カブリの多い画像が生じたり、低
温低湿において画像濃度の低い画像が生じたりする。絶
縁性無機微粉末の添加量は、粒径等に依存し、−概に規
定できないが、約ｏ、 ｏｉ〜５重最％、好ましくは約
０．１〜２重量％程度に設定される。In the present invention, these insulating inorganic fine powders have a particle size of 10
It is necessary that the thickness be less than mμm. Particle size is 10mμm
If it is larger than , images with a lot of fog will be produced, or images with low image density will be produced at low temperature and low humidity. The amount of the insulating inorganic fine powder to be added depends on the particle size, etc., and cannot be generally specified, but it is set to about 0.0 to 5% by weight, preferably about 0.1 to 2% by weight.
又、本発明においてトナー粒子としては、公知のものが
使用される。このトナー粒子に使用される結着樹脂とし
ては、スチレン、クロロスチレン等のスチレン類、エチ
レン、プロピレン、ブチレン、イソプレン等のモノオレ
フィン、酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル、安息香酸ビ
ニル、酢酸ビニル等のビニルエステル、アリタル酸メチ
ル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸ブチル、アクリル酸
ドデシル、アクリル酸オクチル、アクリル酸フェニル、
メタクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル
酸ブチル、メタクリル酸ドデシル等のα−メチレン脂肪
族モノカルボン酸エステル、ビニルメチルエーテル、ビ
ニルエチルエーテル、ビニルブチルエーテル等のビニル
エーテル、ビニルメチルケトン、ビニルへキシルケトン
、ビニルイソプロペニルケトン等のビニルケトン等の単
独重合体おるいは共重合体を例示することができ、特に
代表的な結着樹脂としては、ポリスチレン、スチレン−
アクリル酸アルキル共重合体、スチレン−メタクリル酸
アルキル共重合体、スチレン−アクリロニトリル共重合
体、スチレン−ブタジェン共重合体、スチレン−無水マ
レイン酸共重合体、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレンをめ
げることができる。Further, in the present invention, known toner particles can be used. Binder resins used in the toner particles include styrenes such as styrene and chlorostyrene, monoolefins such as ethylene, propylene, butylene, and isoprene, and vinyl such as vinyl acetate, vinyl propionate, vinyl benzoate, and vinyl acetate. Esters, methyl alitate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, dodecyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, phenyl acrylate,
α-methylene aliphatic monocarboxylic acid esters such as methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, vinyl ethers such as vinyl methyl ether, vinyl ethyl ether, vinyl butyl ether, vinyl methyl ketone, vinyl hexyl ketone, vinyl Examples include homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl ketones such as isopropenyl ketone, and particularly representative binder resins include polystyrene and styrene.
Alkyl acrylate copolymers, styrene-alkyl methacrylate copolymers, styrene-acrylonitrile copolymers, styrene-butadiene copolymers, styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers, polyethylene, and polypropylene can be used.
更に、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン、エボギシ樹脂、シ
リコン樹脂、ポリアミド、変性ロジン、パラフィン、ワ
ックス類をあげることができる。Further examples include polyester, polyurethane, epoxy resin, silicone resin, polyamide, modified rosin, paraffin, and waxes.
又、トナーの着色剤としては、ニグロシン染料、アニリ
ンブルー、カルコイルブルー、クロムイエロー、ウルト
ラマリンブルー、デュポンオイルレッド、キノリンイエ
ロー、メチレンブルータロリド、フタロシアニンブル−
、マラカイトグリーンオキサレート、ランプブラック、
ローズベンガル、Ｃ，１，ピグメント・レッド４８：１
、Ｃ，１，ピグメント・レッド１２２、Ｃ，１，ピグ
メント・レッド５７、Ｃ，１，ピグメント・イエロー９
７ 、Ｃ，１，ピグメント・イエロー１２ 、Ｃ，１，
ピグメント・ブルー１５：１、Ｃ，１，ピグメント・ブ
ルー１５：３ 、等を代表的なものとして例示すること
ができる。In addition, toner coloring agents include nigrosine dye, aniline blue, carcoyl blue, chrome yellow, ultramarine blue, DuPont oil red, quinoline yellow, methylene blue talolide, and phthalocyanine blue.
, malachite green oxalate, lamp black,
Rose Bengal, C.1, Pigment Red 48:1
, C,1, Pigment Red 122, C,1, Pigment Red 57, C,1, Pigment Yellow 9
7, C,1, Pigment Yellow 12, C,1,
Pigment Blue 15:1, C,1, Pigment Blue 15:3, etc. can be exemplified as representative examples.
本発明において、トナー粒子には、更に公知の帯電制御
剤、オフセット防止剤が含有されていてもよい。In the present invention, the toner particles may further contain a known charge control agent and anti-offset agent.
本発明において、トナー粒子は、約３０盟より小さく、
好ましくは３〜２０ｐｍの平均粒径を有するものを用い
ることができる。In the present invention, the toner particles are smaller than about 30 mm;
Preferably, those having an average particle size of 3 to 20 pm can be used.
本発明の電子写真カラートナーは、キャリアとトナーと
を有する、いわゆる二成分現像剤として用いられる。The electrophotographic color toner of the present invention is used as a so-called two-component developer containing a carrier and a toner.
キャリア粒子としては、平均粒径が５００１１ｍまでの
粒子であり、鉄、ニッケル、コバルト、酸化鉄、フェラ
イト、ガラスピーズ、粒状シリコン等、公知の種々のも
のが用いられる。The carrier particles have an average particle size of up to 50011 m, and various known particles such as iron, nickel, cobalt, iron oxide, ferrite, glass beads, and granular silicon are used.
また、これ等粒子の表面をフッ素系樹脂、アクリル系樹
脂、シリコン樹脂などの被覆剤で被覆してもよい。Further, the surfaces of these particles may be coated with a coating agent such as a fluororesin, an acrylic resin, or a silicone resin.
作用
本発明の電子写真カラートナーをキャリア粒子と混合し
て、電子写真感光体あるいは静電記録体に形成された静
電潜像を現像すると、非画像部にカブリを生じることが
なく、環境安定性に優れ、かつ保存性、流動性が優れ、
多数枚の複写にも安定した画質を得ることができる。そ
の理由としては、絶縁性無機微粉末の粒径が小さい為に
、導電性粉末粒子が絶縁性無機微粉末によって覆われる
ことがなく、トナー粒子表面に露出した状態で付着して
いることによるものと推測される。また、絶縁性無機微
粉末の粒径が小さい為に、保存性、流動性を改善するた
めに必要な量が少なくてよくなり、したがって、絶縁性
無機微粉末によるトナー粒子の摩擦帯電量の環境依存性
も小さくなる。Function: When the electrophotographic color toner of the present invention is mixed with carrier particles to develop an electrostatic latent image formed on an electrophotographic photoreceptor or an electrostatic recording medium, fogging does not occur in non-image areas and the toner is environmentally stable. It has excellent stability, storage stability, and fluidity.
Stable image quality can be obtained even when making multiple copies. The reason for this is that because the particle size of the insulating inorganic fine powder is small, the conductive powder particles are not covered by the insulating inorganic fine powder and are attached to the toner particle surface in an exposed state. It is assumed that. In addition, since the particle size of the insulating inorganic fine powder is small, the amount required to improve storage stability and fluidity is small, and therefore the environment in which the triboelectric charge of toner particles due to the insulating inorganic fine powder is reduced is reduced. Dependency is also reduced.
実施例 以下、本発明を実施例により具体的に説明する。Example Hereinafter, the present invention will be specifically explained with reference to Examples.
実施例１
スチレン−ｎ−ブチルメタ ９７重量部クリレー
ト（７０／３０）共重合体
（）Ｉｎ＝約７，０００ 、 Ｈｗ＝約４０．０００）
シアン顔料（β型銅フタロシア ３重用部二ン、Ｃ，
１，Ｐｉｇｍｅｎｔ Ｂｌｕｅ １５：３）上記成分を
溶融混練後、微粉砕し、分級して平均粒径１２ｐｍのシ
アン微粉末を得た。Example 1 Styrene-n-butylmeth 97 parts by weight acrylate (70/30) copolymer (In=about 7,000, Hw=about 40.000)
Cyan pigment (β-type copper phthalocyanin triple-use part 2, C,
1, Pigment Blue 15:3) The above components were melt-kneaded, finely pulverized, and classified to obtain cyan fine powder with an average particle size of 12 pm.
このシアン微粉末１００重量部に対し、疎水性シリカ（
Ｒ８１２、日本アエロジル社製、−次粒子径７ ｍｐｍ
） ０．４重足部、及び酸化錫（粒径的０．３．ｐｍ、
電気抵抗率約１０６０・ｃｍ）１．０重量部を加え、高
速混合機によって混合して、シアントナーを得た。Hydrophobic silica (
R812, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., -order particle size 7 mpm
) 0.4 double foot part, and tin oxide (particle size 0.3.pm,
1.0 part by weight (electrical resistivity: about 1060 cm) was added and mixed using a high-speed mixer to obtain a cyan toner.
このシアントナーの粉体圧縮率は３５％と小さく、良好
な流動性を示した。なお、粉体圧縮率の測定は、パウダ
ーテスタ（細円ミクロン社製）を用いて行った。This cyan toner had a small powder compressibility of 35% and exhibited good fluidity. Note that the powder compressibility was measured using a powder tester (manufactured by Hoisen Micron Co., Ltd.).
粒径的１１００ｊｉのフェライトに、メチルメタクリレ
ート−スチレン共重合体を被覆したギヤリア１００重伍
部に対し、上記シアントナー３重量部を混合し、現像剤
を得た。A developer was obtained by mixing 3 parts by weight of the cyan toner with 100 parts by weight of a gearia made of ferrite having a particle diameter of 1100 ji coated with a methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer.
この現像剤を用い、複写機（ＦＸ４７００、富士ゼロッ
クス■製）によってコピーテストを行ったところ、高温
高湿（３０℃、８５％ＲＨ）から低温低湿（１０’Ｃ１
１５％ＲＨ）までの条件下で背景部に汚れもなく、初期
から高濃度で良質な画像が得られた。更に１０，０００
枚の連続複写を行ったところ、画質の変化は殆ど認めら
れなかった。Using this developer, a copy test was conducted using a copying machine (FX4700, manufactured by Fuji Xerox ■), and the results ranged from high temperature and high humidity (30°C, 85% RH) to low temperature and low humidity (10'C1).
Under conditions of up to 15% RH), high-density, high-quality images were obtained from the beginning with no stains in the background. Another 10,000
When continuous copying was performed, almost no change in image quality was observed.
実施例２
実施例１のシアン顔料３重量部を、マゼンタ顔料（ブリ
リアントカーミン６ＢＳＣ，１，Ｐｉｇｍｅｎｔ Ｒｅ
ｄ５７）３重量部、及びイエロー顔料（ジスアゾイエロ
ー、Ｃ，１，Ｐｉｇｍｅｎｔ Ｙｅｌｌｏｗ １２）
３重量部に置換し、同様の方法で平均粒径１２μｍのマ
ゼンタ微粉末及びイエロー微粉末を得た。これ等の微粉
末１００重量部のそれぞれに、疎水性シリカ（Ｒ８１２
、日本アエロジル社製、−次粒子径７ｍ１ｍ）０．４重
量部、及び酸化錫（粒径的０．３１μｍ、電気抵抗率約
１０６Ω・ｃｍ）１．０重量部を加え、高速混合機によ
って混合して、マゼンタトナー及びイエロートナーを得
た。これらのトナーの粉体圧縮率を実施例１と同様にし
て測定したところ、マゼンタトナーについては３４％、
イエロートナーについて′は３２％と小さく、良好な流
動性を示した。Example 2 3 parts by weight of the cyan pigment of Example 1 was mixed with magenta pigment (Brilliant Carmine 6BSC, 1, Pigment Re
d57) 3 parts by weight, and yellow pigment (Disazo Yellow, C,1, Pigment Yellow 12)
Substituting 3 parts by weight, fine magenta powder and fine yellow powder with an average particle size of 12 μm were obtained in the same manner. Hydrophobic silica (R812
, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., 0.4 parts by weight (secondary particle size: 7m1m), and 1.0 parts by weight of tin oxide (particle size: 0.31 μm, electrical resistivity: approximately 106 Ω·cm), and mixed using a high-speed mixer. As a result, magenta toner and yellow toner were obtained. When the powder compressibility of these toners was measured in the same manner as in Example 1, the magenta toner was 34%;
The yellow toner had a small value of 32%, indicating good fluidity.
更に、実施例１と同様にして現像剤を作製し、同様にコ
ピーテストを行ったところ、高温高湿から低温低湿まで
の条件下で、背景部の汚れもなく、高濃度で良質な画像
が１＊られた。更に１０．０００枚の連続複写を行った
ところ、画質の変化は殆ど認められなかった。Furthermore, when a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 and a copy test was conducted in the same manner, high-density, high-quality images were produced with no background stains under conditions ranging from high temperature and high humidity to low temperature and low humidity. 1* was given. When a further 10,000 sheets were continuously copied, almost no change in image quality was observed.
実施例３
実施例１において、疎水性シリカ＜ Ｒ８１２）０．４
重量部の代わりに、疎水性シリカ（Ｒ９７６、日本アエ
ロジル社製、−次粒子径７ｍ７ｍ）０．４重量部を用い
た以外は、実施例１と同様にしてトナーを得た。Example 3 In Example 1, hydrophobic silica < R812) 0.4
A toner was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 0.4 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica (R976, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., primary particle size 7 m 7 m) was used instead of parts by weight.
なお、このトナーの粉体圧縮率は３４％と小ざく、良好
な流動性を示した。The powder compressibility of this toner was as low as 34%, indicating good fluidity.
実施例１におけると同様にして現像剤を調製し、同様に
コピーテストを行ったところ、背景部の汚れもなく、高
濃度で良質な画像が得られた。更にｉｏ、ｏｏｏ枚の連
続複写を行ったところ、画質の変化は殆ど認められなか
った。A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and a copy test was conducted in the same manner. As a result, a high-density, high-quality image was obtained with no background stains. Furthermore, when io and ooo copies were made continuously, almost no change in image quality was observed.
実施例４
実施例１において、酸化錫の代わりに銀コートシリカ（
粒径的０．２μｍ、電気抵抗率１０３Ω・ｃｍ＞２．０
％伍部を用いた以外は、実施例１と同様にしてトナー
を得た。なお、このトナーの粉体圧縮率は３３％と小ざ
く、良好な流動性を示した。Example 4 In Example 1, silver coated silica (
Particle size: 0.2μm, electrical resistivity: 103Ω・cm>2.0
A toner was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that %5 was used. The powder compressibility of this toner was as low as 33%, and it exhibited good fluidity.
実施例１におけると同様にして現像剤を調製し、同様に
コピーテストを行ったところ、背景部の汚れもなく、高
濃度で良質な画像が得られた。更に１０．０００枚の連
続複写を行ったところ、画質の変化は殆ど認められなか
った。A developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, and a copy test was conducted in the same manner. As a result, a high-density, high-quality image was obtained with no background stains. When a further 10,000 sheets were continuously copied, almost no change in image quality was observed.
実施例５
スチレン−ｎ−ブチルメタ ９６重量部クリレー
ト（７０／３０）共重合体
（）ｉｎ＝約７，０００ 、Ｈｗ＝約４０，０００）シ
アン顔料（β型銅フタロシア ３重量部二ン、Ｃ，１
，Ｐｉｇｍｅｎｔ Ｂｌｕｅ １５：３）セチルピリジ
ウムクロライド １重量部上記成分を溶融混練後、
微粉砕し、分級して平均粒径１２．ｕｍのシアン微粉末
を得た。Example 5 Styrene-n-butyl meth 96 parts by weight Acrylate (70/30) copolymer (in=about 7,000, Hw=about 40,000) Cyan pigment (β-type copper phthalocyanate 3 parts by weight, C ,1
, Pigment Blue 15:3) Cetylpyridium chloride 1 part by weight After melt-kneading the above components,
Finely pulverized and classified to an average particle size of 12. um cyanide fine powder was obtained.
このシアン微粉末１００重量部に対し、疎水性シリカ（
Ｒ８１２、日本アエロジル社製、−次粒子径７ｍμｍ）
を第４級アミノシランで処理した変性シリカ０．４重量
部、及び酸化錫（粒径的０．３．仮、電気抵抗率約１０
６Ω・ｃｍ）１．０重量部を加え、高速混合機によって
混合して、シアントナーを得た。Hydrophobic silica (
R812, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., -order particle size 7 mμm)
0.4 parts by weight of modified silica treated with quaternary aminosilane, and tin oxide (particle size: 0.3, tentative electrical resistivity: about 10
6Ω·cm) was added and mixed using a high-speed mixer to obtain a cyan toner.
このシアントナーの粉体圧縮率は３６％と小さく、良好
な流動性を示した。The powder compressibility of this cyan toner was as low as 36%, indicating good fluidity.
粒径的１００μｍのフェライトに、メチルメタクリレー
ト−スチレン共重合体を被覆したキサリア１００重最部
に対し、上記シアントナー３重量部を混合し、現像剤を
得た。Three parts by weight of the above cyan toner was mixed with the outermost part of Kissaria 100, which is made by coating methyl methacrylate-styrene copolymer on ferrite having a particle diameter of 100 μm, to obtain a developer.
この現像剤を用い、有機感光体を使用した複写機（ＦＸ
４７００．富士ゼロックス林製〉によってコピーテスト
を行ったところ、高温高湿（３０℃、８５％ＲＨ）から
低温低湿（１（＞℃、１５％ＲＨ）までの条件下で背景
部に汚れもなく、高濃度で良質な画像が得られた。更に
１０．０００枚の連続複写を行ったところ、画質の変化
は殆ど認められなかった。Using this developer, a copying machine (FX) using an organic photoreceptor
4700. A copy test was conducted using Fuji Xerox Hayashi Co., Ltd. under conditions ranging from high temperature and high humidity (30°C, 85% RH) to low temperature and low humidity (1 (>°C, 15% RH)). An image with good density and quality was obtained.After continuous copying of 10,000 sheets, almost no change in image quality was observed.
実施例６
スチレン−ｎ−ブチルメタ ９５重量部クリレー
ト（７０／３０）共重合体
（Ｈｎ−約７，０００ 、 ＭＷ＝約４０，０００）シ
アン顔料（β型銅フタロシア ５重量部二ン、Ｃ，１
，Ｐｉｇｍｅｎｔ Ｂｌｕｅ １５：３）上記成分を溶
融混練後、微粉砕し、分板して平均粒径８μｍのシアン
微粉末を得た。Example 6 Styrene-n-butyl meth 95 parts by weight Acrylate (70/30) copolymer (Hn-about 7,000, MW=about 40,000) Cyan pigment (β-type copper phthalocyanate 5 parts by weight Dine, C, 1
, Pigment Blue 15:3) After melt-kneading the above components, they were finely pulverized and divided into plates to obtain fine cyan powder with an average particle size of 8 μm.
このシアン微粉末１ｏｏｔｚ１部に対し、疎水性シリカ
（Ｒ８１２、日本アエロジル社製、−次粒子径７ｍｌｊ
ｍ）を０．７重量部、及び酸化錫（粒径的０．３．ｐｍ
、電気抵抗率約１０６Ω・ｃｍ）１．０重量部を９口え
、高速混合機によって混合して、シアントナーを得た。Hydrophobic silica (R812, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., -order particle size 7 ml) was added to 1 part of this cyan fine powder.
m) and 0.7 parts by weight of tin oxide (particle size: 0.3.pm).
, electrical resistivity of about 106 Ω·cm) were placed in nine mouths and mixed using a high-speed mixer to obtain a cyan toner.
このシアントナーの粉体圧縮率は３４％と小ざく、良好
な流動性を示した。The powder compressibility of this cyan toner was as low as 34%, indicating good fluidity.
更に実施例１と同様にして現像剤を作製し、同様のコピ
ーテストを行ったところ、高温高湿から低温低湿までの
条件下で、背景部の汚れもなく、高濃度で良好な画像が
得られた。更に１０．０００枚の連続複写を行ったとこ
ろ、画質の変化は殆ど認められなかった。Furthermore, when a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 and a similar copying test was conducted, good images with high density and no background stains were obtained under conditions ranging from high temperature and high humidity to low temperature and low humidity. It was done. When a further 10,000 sheets were continuously copied, almost no change in image quality was observed.
比較例１
実施例１において、疎水性シリカ（Ｒ８１２）０．４重
量部の代わりに、疎水性シリカ（Ｒ９７２、日本アエロ
ジル社製、−次粒子径１６ ｍμｍ）０．８重量部を用
いた以外は、実施例１と同様にしてトナーを得た。Comparative Example 1 Example 1 except that 0.8 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica (R972, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., primary particle size 16 mμm) was used instead of 0.4 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica (R812). A toner was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
なお、この１〜ナーの粉体圧縮率は３４％と小さく、良
好な流動性を示した。しかしながら、実施例１における
と同様にして現像剤を調製し、同様にコピーテストを行
ったところ、高温高湿下においては背景部の汚れがひど
く、また、低温低湿下に於いては像ｍ度が低かった。Incidentally, the powder compressibility of this 1 to ner was as small as 34%, indicating good fluidity. However, when a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 and a copy test was conducted in the same manner, it was found that the background area was heavily stained under high temperature and high humidity conditions, and the image density was poor under low temperature and low humidity conditions. was low.
比較例２
実施例１において、疎水性シリカ（Ｒ８１２）０．４重
量部の代わりに、疎水性シリカ（Ｒ９７２、日本アエロ
ジル社製、−次粒子径１６ ｍ１ＩＪｒ１）０．４重量
部を用いた以外は、実施例１と同様にしてトナーを得た
。Comparative Example 2 Example 1 except that 0.4 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica (R972, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., -order particle size 16 m1IJr1) was used instead of 0.4 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica (R812). A toner was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
このトナーの粉体圧縮率は４３％と大きく、流動性はよ
くなかった。The powder compressibility of this toner was as high as 43%, and the fluidity was poor.
実施例１におけると同様にして現像剤を調製し、同様に
コピーテストを行ったところ、特に高温高湿下において
トナーディスペンス量が不足し、トナー濃度低下のため
像濃度が低下した。また、トナーボックスと現像機の間
においてトナーの塊が発生した。When a developer was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 and a copy test was conducted in the same manner, the amount of toner dispensed was insufficient, especially under high temperature and high humidity conditions, and the image density was decreased due to a decrease in toner concentration. In addition, toner lumps were generated between the toner box and the developing machine.
比較例３
実施例１において、疎水性シワ力（Ｒ８１２）（＞、
４重量部の代わりに、疎水性シリカ（Ｒ８１１、日本ア
エロジル社製、−次粒子径１２ｍ１１ｍ）０．６重量部
を用いた以外は、実施例１と同様にしてトナーを得た。Comparative Example 3 In Example 1, hydrophobic wrinkle strength (R812) (>,
A toner was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 0.6 parts by weight of hydrophobic silica (R811, manufactured by Nippon Aerosil Co., Ltd., primary particle size 12 m 11 m) was used instead of 4 parts by weight.
このトナーの粉体圧縮率は３５％と小ざく、良好な流動
性を示した。しかしながら、実施例１と同様にコピーテ
ス１〜を行ったところ、高温高湿下において背景部に汚
れが生じ、また、低温低湿下において、若干像濃度が低
下した。The powder compressibility of this toner was as low as 35%, and it exhibited good fluidity. However, when copy tests 1 to 1 were carried out in the same manner as in Example 1, stains appeared in the background under high temperature and high humidity conditions, and the image density slightly decreased under low temperature and low humidity conditions.
これ等の結果を第１表に示す。なあ、表中、背景部のよ
ごれについて、○は発生しないことを意味し、△はやや
発生したことを意味し、×は著しく発生したことを意味
する。These results are shown in Table 1. In the table, regarding stains in the background area, ◯ means that no stains have occurred, △ means that stains have occurred slightly, and × means that stains have occurred significantly.
以下余白
明の効果
本発明の電子写真カラートナーは、上記のように、導電
性粉末と共に絶縁性無機微粉末を外添するから、保存性
、流動性が優れ、そしてそれをキャリアと混合して静電
潜像を現像すると、非画像部にカブリのない画像を得る
ことができ、また、多数枚の複写にも安定した画質の画
像を得ることができる。また、絶縁性無機微粉末の使用
量も少なくなるため、トナー粒子の摩擦帯電量の環境依
存性も小さくなり、高温高湿から低温低湿までの必らゆ
る環境下で安定した現像性を示す。As mentioned above, the electrophotographic color toner of the present invention has excellent preservability and fluidity because it externally adds insulating inorganic fine powder together with conductive powder, and when mixed with a carrier. When the electrostatic latent image is developed, an image with no fog in the non-image area can be obtained, and an image with stable image quality can be obtained even when a large number of copies are made. Furthermore, since the amount of insulating inorganic fine powder used is reduced, the environmental dependence of the amount of triboelectric charge of the toner particles is also reduced, and stable developability is exhibited under all environments from high temperature and high humidity to low temperature and low humidity.
また、本願発明によれば、通常粒径の無機微粉末の使用
では、効果が発現しにくかった小径の導電性粉末を使用
することが可能になる。Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to use a small-diameter conductive powder, which is difficult to produce an effect when using an inorganic fine powder with a normal particle size.
更にまた、本発明によれば、粒径が１０μｍ以下の小径
トナーに於いて、粉体流動性、転写性、現像性、クリー
ニング性の改善をはかることができる。Furthermore, according to the present invention, it is possible to improve the powder fluidity, transferability, developability, and cleaning performance of a small-diameter toner having a particle size of 10 μm or less.
特許出願人 富士ゼロックス株式会社代理人
弁理士 置部 剛Patent applicant Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. Agent
Patent Attorney Tsuyoshi Okibe
Claims (1)
粒子よりなる電子写真カラートナーにおいて、外添剤と
して、無色又は透明な導電性粉末、及び粒径１０ｍμｍ
以下の絶縁性無機微粉末を添加したことを特徴とする電
子写真カラートナー。(1) In an electrophotographic color toner consisting of toner particles containing at least a binder resin and a colorant, colorless or transparent conductive powder and a particle size of 10 mμ as external additives are used.
An electrophotographic color toner characterized by adding the following insulating inorganic fine powder.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63253859A JP2754600B2 (en) | 1988-10-11 | 1988-10-11 | Electrophotographic color toner |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63253859A JP2754600B2 (en) | 1988-10-11 | 1988-10-11 | Electrophotographic color toner |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH02101474A true JPH02101474A (en) | 1990-04-13 |
| JP2754600B2 JP2754600B2 (en) | 1998-05-20 |
Family
ID=17257125
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63253859A Expired - Fee Related JP2754600B2 (en) | 1988-10-11 | 1988-10-11 | Electrophotographic color toner |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2754600B2 (en) |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5879846A (en) * | 1995-10-13 | 1999-03-09 | Fujitsu Limited | Image forming process and apparatus |
| US6054241A (en) * | 1997-07-15 | 2000-04-25 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Image forming method, image forming device, and electrostatic latent image developing agent |
| JP2002108004A (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2002-04-10 | Canon Inc | Magnetic toner |
| JP2006163395A (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-22 | Xerox Corp | Toner composition |
| DE112012000906T5 (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2013-11-14 | Yazaki Corporation | joint connector |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59187347A (en) * | 1983-04-07 | 1984-10-24 | Canon Inc | Magnetic toner |
| JPS62174772A (en) * | 1986-01-29 | 1987-07-31 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Toner for developing electrostatic image |
-
1988
- 1988-10-11 JP JP63253859A patent/JP2754600B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS59187347A (en) * | 1983-04-07 | 1984-10-24 | Canon Inc | Magnetic toner |
| JPS62174772A (en) * | 1986-01-29 | 1987-07-31 | Konishiroku Photo Ind Co Ltd | Toner for developing electrostatic image |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5879846A (en) * | 1995-10-13 | 1999-03-09 | Fujitsu Limited | Image forming process and apparatus |
| US6054241A (en) * | 1997-07-15 | 2000-04-25 | Fuji Xerox Co., Ltd. | Image forming method, image forming device, and electrostatic latent image developing agent |
| JP2002108004A (en) * | 2000-07-28 | 2002-04-10 | Canon Inc | Magnetic toner |
| JP2006163395A (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2006-06-22 | Xerox Corp | Toner composition |
| JP4738151B2 (en) * | 2004-12-03 | 2011-08-03 | ゼロックス コーポレイション | Toner composition |
| DE112012000906T5 (en) | 2011-02-18 | 2013-11-14 | Yazaki Corporation | joint connector |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2754600B2 (en) | 1998-05-20 |
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