JPH01242409A - Production of activated carbon - Google Patents
Production of activated carbonInfo
- Publication number
- JPH01242409A JPH01242409A JP63070950A JP7095088A JPH01242409A JP H01242409 A JPH01242409 A JP H01242409A JP 63070950 A JP63070950 A JP 63070950A JP 7095088 A JP7095088 A JP 7095088A JP H01242409 A JPH01242409 A JP H01242409A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- char
- coal
- activated carbon
- surface area
- specific surface
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000012190 activator Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N anthracen-1-ylmethanolate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C=C3C(C[O-])=CC=CC3=CC2=C1 RHZUVFJBSILHOK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003830 anthracite Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007327 hydrogenolysis reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002802 bituminous coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C01—INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B32/00—Carbon; Compounds thereof
- C01B32/30—Active carbon
- C01B32/312—Preparation
- C01B32/336—Preparation characterised by gaseous activating agents
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】 産業上の利用分野 本発明は、活性炭の製造方法に関する。[Detailed description of the invention] Industrial applications The present invention relates to a method for producing activated carbon.
従来技術とその問題点
石炭を原料とする活性炭の製造においては、一般に、炭
化および賦活という２段階の処理が行われている。Prior art and its problems In the production of activated carbon using coal as a raw material, two steps of carbonization and activation are generally performed.
特開昭５２−４５５９８号公報は、製造コストの低減の
ために、固定炭素７０％以上の石炭の微粉末を造粒し、
温度１０００℃以上で攪拌しつつ、水蒸気賦活すること
により、活性炭を直接製造する方法を開示している。し
かしながら、この方法は、賦活温度が１０００℃以上と
高いので、熱的な経済性に劣り、活性炭収率も低いとい
う欠点がある。JP-A No. 52-45598 discloses that, in order to reduce manufacturing costs, fine coal powder containing 70% or more of fixed carbon is granulated,
A method for directly producing activated carbon by activating steam while stirring at a temperature of 1000° C. or higher is disclosed. However, since the activation temperature is as high as 1000° C. or higher, this method has disadvantages in that it is poor in thermal economy and has a low yield of activated carbon.
特開昭５５−８５４１３号公報は、褐炭高温コークスを
８００〜１０００℃で水蒸気賦活する方法を開示してい
る。この方法も、やはり熱的な経済性が低く、活性炭収
率も低いという点において、上記の方法と同様の欠点を
有している。JP-A-55-85413 discloses a method of activating lignite high temperature coke with steam at 800 to 1000°C. This method also has the same drawbacks as the above method in that the thermal economy is low and the yield of activated carbon is also low.
問題点を解決するための手段
本発明者は、この様な従来技術の問題点に鑑みて鋭意研
究を重ねた結果、石炭を予め水素添加処理して得られる
チャー（炭素質物質）を賦活処理する場合には、比較的
温和な条件での賦活が可能であり、活性炭の収率も高く
、また活性の高い製品が得られることを見出した。すな
わち、本発明は、石炭を粉砕し、水添分解し、生成する
チャーを賦活することを特徴とする活性炭の製造方法を
提供するものである。Means for Solving the Problems As a result of intensive research in view of the problems of the conventional technology, the present inventor developed a method for activating char (carbonaceous material) obtained by pre-hydrogenating coal. It has been found that in this case, activation is possible under relatively mild conditions, the yield of activated carbon is high, and a highly active product can be obtained. That is, the present invention provides a method for producing activated carbon, which is characterized by pulverizing coal, hydrogenolyzing it, and activating the generated char.
本発明では、石炭の粉砕物を出発原料として使用する。In the present invention, pulverized coal is used as a starting material.
石炭の種類としては、特に制限はなく、泥炭、亜炭、褐
炭、瀝青炭、無煙炭などの任意のものを使用することが
出来る。本発明の利点の一つは、前記特開昭５２−４５
５９８号公報記載の方法では使用不可能であった固定炭
素７０％未満の泥炭、亜炭、褐炭などの低品位の石炭を
も、原料として使用し得ることにあり、これらの低品位
炭を使用する場合に、後述の如く、むしろ品質のより優
れた活性炭が得られることにある。石炭粉末の粒径は、
１００メツシュ通過以下とすることが好ましい。The type of coal is not particularly limited, and any coal such as peat, lignite, lignite, bituminous coal, anthracite, etc. can be used. One of the advantages of the present invention is that
Low-grade coals such as peat, lignite, and lignite with less than 70% fixed carbon, which could not be used in the method described in Publication No. 598, can also be used as raw materials, and these low-grade coals can be used. In some cases, as will be described later, activated carbon of even better quality can be obtained. The particle size of coal powder is
It is preferable to pass 100 meshes or less.
石炭粉末の水添処理時の条件は、水素雰囲気下で圧力１
〜１００ｋｇ／ｃａ・Ｇ程度（圧力を高くすれば反応時
間を短縮できるが、装置の耐圧性を高める必要があるの
で、１０ｋｇ／ｃ♂・Ｇ程度とすることが好ましい）、
温度６００〜１０００℃程度、より好ましくは８００〜
８５０程度とする。この石炭の水添処理における反応は
、急速に進行する熱分解反応であるため、炭化が急速に
進行して、比表面積２００〜２５０ｒＴ１ｔ／ｇ程度で
、ポアー造の発達したチャーが得られる。このチャーは
、下記の様な特異な性質を有しており、これを次の賦活
処理に供することにより、本発明の高品質の活性炭が得
られるのである。The conditions for hydrogenation treatment of coal powder are under a hydrogen atmosphere at a pressure of 1
~100 kg/ca・G (reaction time can be shortened by increasing the pressure, but it is necessary to increase the pressure resistance of the device, so it is preferable to set it at about 10 kg/ca・G),
Temperature: about 600-1000°C, more preferably 800-1000°C
It should be about 850. Since the reaction in the hydrogenation treatment of coal is a thermal decomposition reaction that progresses rapidly, carbonization progresses rapidly and a char with a specific surface area of about 200 to 250 rT1t/g and a developed pore structure is obtained. This char has the following unique properties, and by subjecting it to the subsequent activation treatment, the high quality activated carbon of the present invention can be obtained.
（イ）石炭が急速に熱分解されるので、チャーとガス、
タールなどの分解生成物との接触時間が非常に短く、チ
ャー表面のポアーが分解生成物により閉塞されていない
。(b) As coal is rapidly pyrolyzed, char and gas
The contact time with decomposition products such as tar is very short, and the pores on the char surface are not blocked by decomposition products.
（ロ）熱分解が、水素雰囲気中で行われるので、チャー
の酸化および自燃による局部的温度上昇に起因するチャ
ー表面のポアーの閉塞がない。(b) Since the thermal decomposition is carried out in a hydrogen atmosphere, there is no clogging of pores on the char surface due to local temperature increases due to char oxidation and self-combustion.
（ハ）亜炭、褐炭などの低品位炭を原料とする場合には
、その内部に存在する多くの細孔がポアーの形成に貢献
する。(c) When low-grade coal such as lignite and brown coal is used as a raw material, many pores existing inside it contribute to the formation of pores.
次いで、上記で得たチャーを賦活処理に供する。Next, the char obtained above is subjected to activation treatment.
賦活処理の条件などは、常法のそれと特に変わるところ
はないが、該チャーが、比表面積２００〜２５０ｒｙｌ
’／ｇ程度で、賦活原料として十分な活性を有している
ので、温度７００〜９００℃程度、より好ましくは８０
０〜８５０℃程度の比較的温和な条件で、収率良く、品
質に優れた活性炭が得られる。賦活剤としては、公知の
水蒸気：水酸化カリウム、水酸化ナトリウムなどのアル
カリ類が使用される。The conditions for the activation treatment are not particularly different from those of the conventional method, but the char has a specific surface area of 200 to 250 ryl.
'/g, and has sufficient activity as an activating raw material.
Activated carbon with good yield and excellent quality can be obtained under relatively mild conditions of about 0 to 850°C. As the activator, known water vapor and alkalis such as potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide are used.
本発明により得られる粉末状活性炭は、常法により得ら
れたものと同様の分野で使用されるが、液相の脱色およ
び精製、分離水の浄化などに特に優れた効果を発揮する
。Powdered activated carbon obtained by the present invention is used in the same fields as those obtained by conventional methods, but exhibits particularly excellent effects in decolorizing and purifying liquid phases, purifying separated water, and the like.
発明の効果 本発明によれば、以下の様な顕著な効果が達成される。Effect of the invention According to the present invention, the following remarkable effects are achieved.
（１）比表面積の大きな活性炭が、比較的温和な賦活条
件で得られる。(1) Activated carbon with a large specific surface area can be obtained under relatively mild activation conditions.
（２）収率が高いので、製造コストが低下する。(2) Since the yield is high, the manufacturing cost is reduced.
（３）従来方法では使用し得なかった泥炭、亜炭、褐炭
などの低品位炭をも、原料とすることが出来る。(3) Low-grade coal such as peat, lignite, and brown coal, which could not be used in conventional methods, can also be used as raw materials.
実施例
以下に実施例を示し、本発明の特徴とするところをより
一層明確にする。EXAMPLES Examples will be shown below to further clarify the features of the present invention.
実施例１〜６
オーストラリア産褐炭（固定炭素４０％）を１００メソ
シュ通過以下に粉砕した後、水素雰囲気中１０ｋｇ／ｃ
Ｊ ・Ｇ、７００℃で３０分間水素添加処理して、チャ
ーを得た。原料炭重量に対するチャーの生成量は、４０
％であった。Examples 1 to 6 Australian lignite (40% fixed carbon) was pulverized to less than 100 mesosh, and then pulverized at 10 kg/c in a hydrogen atmosphere.
J.G. Hydrogenation treatment was performed at 700° C. for 30 minutes to obtain char. The amount of char produced relative to the weight of raw coal is 40
%Met.
生成したチャーを種々の条件下に水蒸気賦活したところ
、第１表に示す結果が得られた。When the produced char was activated with steam under various conditions, the results shown in Table 1 were obtained.
第１表において、比表面積は、ＢＥＴ法により測定した
。In Table 1, the specific surface area was measured by the BET method.
比較例１〜２
太平洋炭（固定炭素３８％）の１００メツシユ以下の粉
末を８００℃で炭化した後、実施例１〜６と同様にして
賦活処理し、活性炭を製造した。Comparative Examples 1-2 After carbonizing powder of 100 mesh or less of Pacific coal (fixed carbon 38%) at 800°C, activation treatment was performed in the same manner as in Examples 1-6 to produce activated carbon.
結果を第１表に併せて示す。The results are also shown in Table 1.
比較例３〜５
ヤルーン炭（固定炭素４０％）の１００メツシユ以下の
粉末を６００℃で炭化した後、実施例１〜６と同様にし
て賦活処理し、活性炭を製造した。Comparative Examples 3 to 5 After carbonizing 100 mesh or less of powder of Yarun charcoal (40% fixed carbon) at 600°C, activation treatment was performed in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 6 to produce activated carbon.
結果を第１表に併せて示す。The results are also shown in Table 1.
第１表
反応条件 比表面積 収率
（℃：分） （ｒｒ？／ｇ） （％）実施例
１ ８００ ： １２０ ７２９
５３．０２ ８００ ： １８０ １２
４Ｂ ３８．３３ ８００ ： ２４０
１２４１ ３３．２４ ８５０：
３０ ＢＢ２ ５９．５５ ８５
０：６０ ９９６ ４３．５６ ８
５０ ： １２０ １４７１ ２５．４比較
例
１ ８００：６０ ５００ ３８．
０２ ９００：６０ ５８０ ２０．
０３ ８００ ： １２０ ７９０
５５Ｊ４ ８００ ： １８０ ９００
３６．７５ ８５０ ： １２０ ９
１０ ３０．０第１表に示す結果から明らかな様に
、本発明方法においては、石炭化度の低い低品位炭を原
料としているにもかかわらず、温和な賦活条件で活性の
高い活性炭が収率良く得られている。Table 1 Reaction conditions Specific surface area Yield (°C: min) (rr?/g) (%) Example 1 800: 120 729
53.02 800: 180 12
4B 38.33 800: 240
1241 33.24 850:
30 BB2 59.55 85
0:60 996 43.56 8
50: 120 1471 25.4 Comparative Example 1 800:60 500 38.
02 900:60 580 20.
03 800: 120 790
55J4 800: 180 900
36.75 850: 120 9
10 30.0 As is clear from the results shown in Table 1, the method of the present invention yields highly active activated carbon under mild activation conditions, even though low-rank coal with a low degree of coalification is used as the raw material. It is being obtained at a good rate.
（以上）(that's all)
Claims (2)
活することを特徴とする活性炭の製造方法。(1) A method for producing activated carbon, which comprises pulverizing coal, hydrogenolyzing it, and activating the generated char.
雰囲気中圧力１〜１００ｋｇ／ｃｍ＾２・Ｇ、温度６０
０〜１０００℃の条件下に水添分解し、生成するチャー
を温度７００〜９００℃で賦活することを特徴とする第
１請求項に記載の活性炭の製造方法。(2) Finely pulverize the coal to pass 100 mesh or less, and pulverize it in a hydrogen atmosphere at a pressure of 1 to 100 kg/cm^2・G and a temperature of 60
The method for producing activated carbon according to claim 1, wherein the activated carbon is hydrogenolyzed under conditions of 0 to 1000°C and the generated char is activated at a temperature of 700 to 900°C.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63070950A JP2601307B2 (en) | 1988-03-24 | 1988-03-24 | Activated carbon production method |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63070950A JP2601307B2 (en) | 1988-03-24 | 1988-03-24 | Activated carbon production method |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JPH01242409A true JPH01242409A (en) | 1989-09-27 |
| JP2601307B2 JP2601307B2 (en) | 1997-04-16 |
Family
ID=13446294
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP63070950A Expired - Lifetime JP2601307B2 (en) | 1988-03-24 | 1988-03-24 | Activated carbon production method |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2601307B2 (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5948329A (en) * | 1995-04-27 | 1999-09-07 | Nippon Sanso Corporation | Manufacturing method for carbon material for electrical double layer capacitor |
| US6013208A (en) * | 1997-05-13 | 2000-01-11 | Nippon Sanso Corporation | Manufacturing method for carbon material for electrical double layer capacitor |
| US6475461B1 (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 2002-11-05 | Nippon Sanso Corporation | Porous carbonaceous material, manufacturing method therefor and use thereof |
| JP2011093774A (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2011-05-12 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corp | Activated carbon, process for producing the same, method of refining liquid using the same, and fuel cell system |
| KR101311389B1 (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2013-09-25 | 주식회사 동양탄소 | A method for preparing anthracite-based powdered activated carbon with high specific surface area from anthracites |
| CN110182799A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-08-30 | 咸阳职业技术学院 | It is a kind of to manufacture nitrogenous active carbon and its manufacturing method with anthracite |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102744040B (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2014-07-02 | 武汉理工大学 | Sulfur fixation slag composite pressed active carbon and preparation method thereof |
-
1988
- 1988-03-24 JP JP63070950A patent/JP2601307B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6475461B1 (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 2002-11-05 | Nippon Sanso Corporation | Porous carbonaceous material, manufacturing method therefor and use thereof |
| US5948329A (en) * | 1995-04-27 | 1999-09-07 | Nippon Sanso Corporation | Manufacturing method for carbon material for electrical double layer capacitor |
| US6013208A (en) * | 1997-05-13 | 2000-01-11 | Nippon Sanso Corporation | Manufacturing method for carbon material for electrical double layer capacitor |
| JP2011093774A (en) * | 2009-11-02 | 2011-05-12 | Jx Nippon Oil & Energy Corp | Activated carbon, process for producing the same, method of refining liquid using the same, and fuel cell system |
| KR101311389B1 (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2013-09-25 | 주식회사 동양탄소 | A method for preparing anthracite-based powdered activated carbon with high specific surface area from anthracites |
| CN110182799A (en) * | 2019-06-18 | 2019-08-30 | 咸阳职业技术学院 | It is a kind of to manufacture nitrogenous active carbon and its manufacturing method with anthracite |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2601307B2 (en) | 1997-04-16 |
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