JP7480284B2 - 球状化カーボン系負極活物質、その製造方法、それを含む負極、及びリチウム二次電池 - Google Patents
球状化カーボン系負極活物質、その製造方法、それを含む負極、及びリチウム二次電池 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7480284B2 JP7480284B2 JP2022520269A JP2022520269A JP7480284B2 JP 7480284 B2 JP7480284 B2 JP 7480284B2 JP 2022520269 A JP2022520269 A JP 2022520269A JP 2022520269 A JP2022520269 A JP 2022520269A JP 7480284 B2 JP7480284 B2 JP 7480284B2
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Images
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- H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
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Description
鱗片状黒鉛と固相ピッチと液相ピッチとを混合及び球状化して球状化造粒粒子を用意する段階と、
前記球状化造粒粒子を焼成する段階と、
前記焼成された球状化造粒粒子にカーボンコーティングする段階と、
前記カーボンコーティングされた球状化造粒粒子を熱処理する段階と、
前記熱処理された結果物を解砕する段階と、を含む、球状化カーボン系負極活物質の製造方法が提供される。
前記鱗片状黒鉛と;前記固相ピッチと液相ピッチとの混合物と;の重量比が92:8~98:2であり得る。
前記固相ピッチと液相ピッチとの重量比が50:50~90:10であり得る。
球状化カーボン系負極活物質であって、
前記負極活物質の比表面積が1.0~2.5m2/gであり、
前記負極活物質の総気孔体積が0.7e-2~1.8e-2 cm3/gであり、
前記負極活物質において24nm以上の大きさを有する気孔の比表面積が0.2~0.6m2/gである、球状化カーボン系負極活物質が提供される。
前記負極活物質の比表面積が1.0~2.0m2/gであり得る。
前記負極活物質の総気孔体積が0.8e-2~1.4e-2 cm3/gであり得る。
前記負極活物質において24nm以上の大きさを有する気孔の比表面積が0.3~0.5m2/gであり得る。
前記球状化カーボン系負極活物質の平均粒径が10~20μmであり得る。
前記球状化カーボン系負極活物質の球状化度が0.82~0.98であり得る。
集電体、及び前記集電体の少なくとも一面に位置した負極活物質層を含む負極であって、
前記負極活物質層が第4具現例~第9具現例のうちいずれか一具現例による球状化カーボン系負極活物質を含む、負極が提供される。
第10具現例に記載の負極を含む、リチウム二次電池が提供される。
鱗片状黒鉛と固相ピッチと液相ピッチとを混合及び球状化して球状化造粒粒子を用意する段階と、
前記球状化造粒粒子を焼成する段階と、
前記焼成された球状化造粒粒子にカーボンコーティングする段階と、
前記カーボンコーティングされた球状化造粒粒子を熱処理する段階と、
前記熱処理された結果物を解砕する段階と、を含む。
前記負極活物質の比表面積が1.0~2.5m2/gであり、
前記負極活物質の総気孔体積が0.7e-2~1.8e-2 cm3/gであり、
前記負極活物質において24nm以上の大きさを有する気孔の比表面積が0.2~0.6m2/gである。
(球状化カーボン系負極活物質の製造)
平均粒径が70μmである鱗片状黒鉛と平均粒径が5μmである固相ピッチと液相ピッチとを95:4:1の重量比で用意し、これをボールミルを用いて混合し、カウンタジェットミル(ホソカワミクロン社製、日本)を用いて球状化して球状化造粒粒子を得た。得られた球状化造粒粒子100重量部とカーボンコーティング材料である固相ピッチ5重量部とをボールミルを用いて1,150℃の温度条件で24時間炭化処理してカーボンコーティングされた球状化造粒粒子を得た。
製造された球状化カーボン系負極活物質、導電材としてSuper C65、バインダーとしてスチレンブタジエンゴム(SBR)、増粘剤としてカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)を96.6:1:1.3:1.1の重量比で混合し、水を添加してスラリーを製造した。製造されたスラリーを銅ホイルに塗布し、約130℃で10時間真空乾燥して1.4875cm2の負極を製造した。このとき、負極のローディングは3.61mAh/cm2になるように製造した。
作用電極(working electrode)として上記のように製造された負極を、対電極(counter electrode)として1.7671cm2のLi-金属を使用し、前記作用電極と対電極との間にポリエチレン分離膜を介在して電極組立体を製造した。エチレンカーボネート(EC)とエチルメチルカーボネート(EMC)とを1:4の体積比で混合し、混合溶媒に非水電解液添加剤としてビニレンカーボネート(VC)0.5wt%と1MのLiPF6を添加して非水電解液を製造した。前記電極組立体をコイン型ケースに収納し、製造された非水電解液を注入してコイン型のハーフセル二次電池を製造した。
鱗片状黒鉛と固相ピッチと液相ピッチとを96:3:1の重量比で用意した点を除き、実施例1と同じ方法で球状化カーボン系負極活物質を製造した。
鱗片状黒鉛と固相ピッチと液相ピッチとを94:5:1の重量比で用意した点を除き、実施例1と同じ方法で球状化カーボン系負極活物質を製造した。
鱗片状黒鉛と固相ピッチと液相ピッチとを95:3:2の重量比で用意した点を除き、実施例1と同じ方法で球状化カーボン系負極活物質を製造した。
鱗片状黒鉛のみを使用し、固相ピッチ及び液相ピッチは使用していない点を除き、実施例1と同じ方法で球状化カーボン系負極活物質を製造した。
鱗片状黒鉛と固相ピッチとを96:4の重量比で使用し、液相ピッチは使用していない点を除き、実施例1と同じ方法で球状化カーボン系負極活物質を製造した。
鱗片状黒鉛と固相ピッチとを95:5の重量比で使用し、液相ピッチは使用していない点を除き、実施例1と同じ方法で球状化カーボン系負極活物質を製造した。
負極初物質の比表面積、負極活物質の総気孔体積、負極活物質において24nm以上の大きさを有する気孔の比表面積
実施例1~3、及び比較例1~3の負極活物質の比表面積、負極活物質の総気孔体積、及び負極活物質において24nm以上の大きさを有する気孔の比表面積をBET法によって測定した。具体的には、ベルジャパン社製のBELSORP-mino IIを用いて液体窒素温度下(77K)での窒素ガス吸着量から算出した。
実施例1~3、及び比較例1~3の負極活物質を分散媒である水に分散させた後、レーザー回折粒度測定装置(マイクロトラックS3500)に導入し、負極活物質がレーザービームを通過するとき、粒子の大きさに応じた回折パターンの差を測定して粒度分布を算出する。測定装置における粒径に応じた粒子個数累積分布の50%になる地点での粒子直径を算出することで、平均粒径であるD50を測定した。
実施例1~3、及び比較例1~3の負極活物質の球状化度は、下記の数式1で定義され、前記球状化度は粒子形状分析機であるマルバーン社製のシスメックスFPIA3000を用いて測定した。
実施例1~3、及び比較例1~3の二次電池に対し、0.1C充放電電流と5mV~1.5Vの充放電電圧条件で30回(サイクル)充放電後のスウェリング比率を測定して下記の表1に示した。
実施例1~3、及び比較例1~3の二次電池に対し、60℃でSOC100%で4週間保管した後、常温で0.1C充放電電流と5mV~1.5Vの充放電電圧条件で充放電し、容量維持率を測定して下記の表1に示した。
Claims (11)
- 鱗片状黒鉛と固相ピッチと液相ピッチとを混合及び球状化して球状化造粒粒子を用意する段階と、
前記球状化造粒粒子にカーボンコーティング材料を混合し、炭化処理してカーボンコーティングする段階と、
前記カーボンコーティングされた球状化造粒粒子を熱処理する段階と、
前記熱処理された結果物を解砕する段階と、を含む、球状化カーボン系負極活物質の製造方法。 - 前記用意する段階と、前記カーボンコーティングする段階との間に、前記球状化造粒粒子を焼成する段階をさらに含む、請求項1に記載の球状化カーボン系負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記鱗片状黒鉛と;前記固相ピッチと液相ピッチとの混合物と;の重量比が92:8~98:2である、請求項1に記載の球状化カーボン系負極活物質の製造方法。
- 前記固相ピッチと前記液相ピッチとの重量比が50:50~90:10である、請求項1に記載の球状化カーボン系負極活物質の製造方法。
- 球状化カーボン系負極活物質であって、
前記負極活物質の比表面積が1.0~2.0m2/gであり、
前記負極活物質の総気孔体積が0.7e-2~1.8e-2cm3/gであり、
前記負極活物質において24nm以上の大きさを有する気孔の比表面積が0.2~0.6m2/gである、球状化カーボン系負極活物質であって、
鱗片状黒鉛と、
前記鱗片状黒鉛同士の間を連結及び固定し、前記鱗片状黒鉛同士の間の空間を埋め、前記鱗片状黒鉛の表面に被覆された非晶質カーボンと、を含む球状化カーボン系負極活物質。 - 前記負極活物質の総気孔体積が0.8e-2~1.4e-2cm3/gである、請求項5に記載の球状化カーボン系負極活物質。
- 前記負極活物質において24nm以上の大きさを有する気孔の比表面積が0.3~0.5m2/gである、請求項5に記載の球状化カーボン系負極活物質。
- 前記球状化カーボン系負極活物質の平均粒径が10~20μmである、請求項5に記載の球状化カーボン系負極活物質。
- 前記球状化カーボン系負極活物質の球状化度が0.82~0.98である、請求項5に記載の球状化カーボン系負極活物質。
- 集電体、及び前記集電体の少なくとも一面に位置した負極活物質層を含む負極であって、
前記負極活物質層が請求項5から9のうちいずれか一項に記載の球状化カーボン系負極活物質を含む、負極。 - 請求項10に記載の負極を含む、リチウム二次電池。
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JP2022550820A (ja) | 2022-12-05 |
US20220285686A1 (en) | 2022-09-08 |
WO2021066584A1 (ko) | 2021-04-08 |
EP4024511A4 (en) | 2022-11-02 |
KR20210040810A (ko) | 2021-04-14 |
CN114514638A (zh) | 2022-05-17 |
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