JP7416888B2 - 研磨パッドおよびこれを用いた半導体素子の製造方法 - Google Patents
研磨パッドおよびこれを用いた半導体素子の製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7416888B2 JP7416888B2 JP2022161991A JP2022161991A JP7416888B2 JP 7416888 B2 JP7416888 B2 JP 7416888B2 JP 2022161991 A JP2022161991 A JP 2022161991A JP 2022161991 A JP2022161991 A JP 2022161991A JP 7416888 B2 JP7416888 B2 JP 7416888B2
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- PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichlorodifluoromethane Chemical compound FC(F)(Cl)Cl PXBRQCKWGAHEHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019404 dichlorodifluoromethane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butane Natural products CCCC(C)C AFABGHUZZDYHJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethanediamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N)(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,1-diol Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)O ACCCMOQWYVYDOT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001282 iso-butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- DILRJUIACXKSQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n',n'-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN DILRJUIACXKSQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VXPJBVRYAHYMNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-methyl-2-[2-(methylamino)ethoxy]ethanamine Chemical compound CNCCOCCNC VXPJBVRYAHYMNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000005474 octanoate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002902 organometallic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 1
- UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentamethyldiethylenetriamine Chemical compound CN(C)CCN(C)CCN(C)C UKODFQOELJFMII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
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- 239000011802 pulverized particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000979 retarding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002379 silicone rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004945 silicone rubber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003048 styrene butadiene rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000468 styrene butadiene styrene block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001935 styrene-ethylene-butadiene-styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetramethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)C CZDYPVPMEAXLPK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002803 thermoplastic polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichlorofluoromethane Chemical compound FC(Cl)(Cl)Cl CYRMSUTZVYGINF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940029284 trichlorofluoromethane Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WDIWAJVQNKHNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(propan-2-yl)silane Chemical compound CC(C)[Si](C)(C)C WDIWAJVQNKHNGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNWMJFBAIXMNOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](C)(C)C WNWMJFBAIXMNOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000004072 triols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/11—Lapping tools
- B24B37/20—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/22—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces characterised by a multi-layered structure
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/11—Lapping tools
- B24B37/20—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/24—Lapping pads for working plane surfaces characterised by the composition or properties of the pad materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
- B24B37/00—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories
- B24B37/04—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces
- B24B37/042—Lapping machines or devices; Accessories designed for working plane surfaces operating processes therefor
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/02—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/04—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer
- H01L21/18—Manufacture or treatment of semiconductor devices or of parts thereof the devices having potential barriers, e.g. a PN junction, depletion layer or carrier concentration layer the devices having semiconductor bodies comprising elements of Group IV of the Periodic Table or AIIIBV compounds with or without impurities, e.g. doping materials
- H01L21/30—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26
- H01L21/302—Treatment of semiconductor bodies using processes or apparatus not provided for in groups H01L21/20 - H01L21/26 to change their surface-physical characteristics or shape, e.g. etching, polishing, cutting
- H01L21/306—Chemical or electrical treatment, e.g. electrolytic etching
- H01L21/30625—With simultaneous mechanical treatment, e.g. mechanico-chemical polishing
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L21/00—Processes or apparatus adapted for the manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or solid state devices or of parts thereof
- H01L21/67—Apparatus specially adapted for handling semiconductor or electric solid state devices during manufacture or treatment thereof; Apparatus specially adapted for handling wafers during manufacture or treatment of semiconductor or electric solid state devices or components ; Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67005—Apparatus not specifically provided for elsewhere
- H01L21/67011—Apparatus for manufacture or treatment
- H01L21/67092—Apparatus for mechanical treatment
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
- Mechanical Treatment Of Semiconductor (AREA)
- Polyurethanes Or Polyureas (AREA)
Description
実施例1
2,4-トルエンジイソシアネート(2,4-TDI)100重量部対比、2,6-トルエンジイソシアネート(2,6-TDI)25重量部および4,4'-ジシクロヘキシルメタンジイソシアネート(H12MDI)14重量部を混合して第2イソシアネート成分を用意した。前記第2イソシアネート成分全体100重量部対比、重量平均分子量が1,000(±50)g/molであり、水酸基価(OH-v)が112(±10)mgKOH/gであるポリエーテル系第2ポリオール130重量部を用意し、前記イソシアネート成分全体100重量部対比、重量平均分子量(Mw)が106g/molであるジエチレングリコール(DEG)14重量部を混合して第2アルコール成分を用意した。前記イソシアネート成分および前記ポリオール成分を含む混合原料を4口フラスコに投入後、80℃で反応させて、第2ウレタン系プレポリマーを含む第2組成物を用意した。前記第2組成物中のイソシアネート基の含有量(NCO%)は9重量%に製造された。前記第2組成物に、第2硬化剤としてアミン基(-NH2)反応基を有する4,4'-メチレンビス(2-クロロアニリン)(MOCA)を混合しかつ、前記第2組成物中のNCO基に対する前記MOCAのNH2基のモル比が1:0.96となるように混合した。また、前記第2組成物全体100重量部対比、第2発泡剤として膨張性粒子の固相発泡剤(Akzonobel社)1.0重量部およびシリコーン系界面活性剤(OFX-193)1.0重量部を混合した。前記第2組成物を、横1,000mm、縦1,000mm、高さ3mmであり、90℃に予熱されたモールドに注入しかつ、10kg/minの吐出速度で注入し、同時に気相発泡剤として窒素(N2)気体を1.0L/minの注入速度で前記第2組成物の注入時間と同一時間注入した。次いで、前記第2組成物を110℃の温度条件下で後硬化反応してシートを製造した。前記シートを旋削(line turning)加工し、表面が幅(width、w1)0.5mm、ピッチ(pitch、p1)3.0mm、深さ(depth、d1)0.85mmである同心円状グルーブを加工して、厚さ1.0mmの研磨可変層を製造した。
前記実施例1において、前記研磨不変層なしに、前記研磨可変層および前記クッション層を含みかつ、前記研磨可変層を製造するにあたり、前記第1組成物を、横1,000mm、縦1,000mm、高さ3mmであり、90℃に予熱されたモールドに注入して製造し、前記第1組成物の硬化物の最終厚さが2.0mmとなるように旋削(line turning)加工して研磨可変層を製造したことを除き、同様の方法で研磨可変層を製造した。また、前記研磨可変層のグルーブが生成された面の裏面;および前記クッション層の一面;上にそれぞれ両面接着テープを付着させ、互いに接着テープの付着面が当接するように配置後、貼り合わせることにより、総厚さ3.2(±0.5)mmの研磨パッドを製造したことを除き、同様の方法で研磨パッドを製造した。
実験例1:研磨パッドの硬度評価
前記実施例および比較例それぞれの研磨パッドに対して、研磨面である第1面のショアD(Shore D)硬度を測定した。具体的には、横および縦をそれぞれ5cm×3cmの大きさに裁断してサンプルを用意し、それぞれのサンプルを温度25℃で12時間保管後、ショアD(Shore D)硬度計を用いて測定した。その結果は下記表2に記載した通りである。
前記実施例および比較例それぞれの研磨パッドに対して、無負荷状態の初期厚さ(D1)を測定し、常温で2400gの直径25mmの断面積を有する円柱の重りで1分間加圧する圧力条件下で加圧して変形された厚さ(D2)を測定した後、(D1-D2)/D1×100の式を用いて圧縮率(%)を導出した。
前記実施例および比較例それぞれに対して、それぞれの研磨パッドが製造された後、研磨工程に適用される前の前記研磨可変層の第1面に対する表面粗さ(Ri)を中心線の平均粗さ(Ra)を基準として測定し、それぞれの研磨パッドの全体厚さ(Ti)とそれぞれの第1面上のグルーブの深さ(Gi)を測定した。
前記実施例および比較例それぞれの研磨パッドに対して、前記実験例3と同様の方法で研磨を進行させた後、下記のようにそれぞれの研磨性能を評価した。その結果は表1に記載した通りである。
前記実験例3と同様の方法で研磨を進行させかつ、1分間研磨を進行させた後、乾燥したシリコンウエハに対して、光干渉式膜厚測定装置(SI-F80R、Kyence社)を用いて研磨前後の膜厚の変化を測定した。以後、下記式を用いて研磨率を計算した。このように、計5回の研磨率を測定して数平均値を求めて平均研磨率とした。
前記実験例3と同様の方法で研磨を進行させかつ、1分間研磨を進行させた後、研磨対象の研磨された表面を肉眼観察してスクラッチ(scratch)などの欠陥(Defect)の個数を導出した。具体的には、研磨後のシリコンウエハをクリーナ(Cleaner)に移動させて、1%フッ化水素(HF)と精製水(DIW);1%硝酸(H2NO3)と精製水(DIW)をそれぞれ用いて10秒ずつ洗浄した。以後、スピンドライヤ(spin dryer)に移動させて精製水(DIW)で洗浄した後、窒素(N2)で15秒間乾燥した。乾燥したシリコンウエハをディフェクト(Defect)測定装置(Tenkor社、XP+)を用いて研磨前後の欠陥の変化を肉眼観察した。
前記実験例3と同様の方法で研磨を進行させかつ、1分間研磨を進行させた後、49箇所のウエハの面内膜厚を測定して、(研磨された厚さの標準偏差(Å)/平均研磨厚さ(Å))×100の式を用いて研磨平坦度(WIWNU:Within Wafer Non Uniformity、%)を導出した。
10:研磨層
101:研磨可変層
102:研磨不変層
11:第1面
12:第2面
13:分離可能界面
14:グルーブ
20:クッション層
30:第1接着層
40:第2接着層
w1:グルーブの幅
p1:グルーブのピッチ
d1:グルーブの深さ
D1:研磨可変層の厚さ
15:気孔
120:定盤
130:半導体基板
140:ノズル
150:研磨スラリー
160:キャリア
170:コンディショナ
Claims (12)
- 研磨層を含み、
前記研磨層は、研磨面を有する研磨可変層と、
前記研磨可変層の前記研磨面の裏面側に配置される研磨不変層とを含み、
前記研磨不変層は、第1ウレタン系プレポリマーを含む第1組成物の硬化物を含み、
前記第1ウレタン系プレポリマーは、水酸基価(Hydroxyl number、OH-Value)が200mgKOH/g~900mgKOH/gの第1ポリオールを含む第1アルコール成分;および第1イソシアネート成分の反応生成物である、
研磨パッド。 - 前記研磨可変層と前記研磨不変層との界面が分離可能界面である、
請求項1に記載の研磨パッド。 - 前記研磨可変層および前記研磨不変層は、それぞれ少なくとも1つの層を含む、請求項1に記載の研磨パッド。
- 前記第1組成物中のイソシアネート基(-NCO)の含有量は、8重量%~20重量%である、
請求項1に記載の研磨パッド。 - 前記第1組成物は、第1硬化剤をさらに含み、
前記第1硬化剤は、アミン基(-NH2)、水酸基(-OH)、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択された1つの反応基を含む化合物を含む、
請求項1に記載の研磨パッド。 - 前記第1硬化剤は、前記反応基として水酸基(-OH)を含む化合物を含み、
前記水酸基(-OH)を含む化合物の水酸基価(Hydroxyl number、OH-Value)が600mgKOH/g超過、900mgKOH/g以下である、
請求項5に記載の研磨パッド。 - 前記研磨可変層は、第2ウレタン系プレポリマーを含む第2組成物の硬化物を含み、
前記第2ウレタン系プレポリマーは、水酸基価(Hydroxyl number、OH-Value)が50mgKOH/g以上、200mgKOH/g未満の第2ポリオールを含む第2アルコール成分;および第2イソシアネート成分の反応生成物である、
請求項1に記載の研磨パッド。 - 前記第2組成物は、第2硬化剤をさらに含み、
前記第2硬化剤は、アミン基(-NH2)、水酸基(-OH)、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群より選択された1つの反応基を含む化合物を含む、
請求項7に記載の研磨パッド。 - 前記第2硬化剤は、前記反応基としてアミン基(-NH2)を含む化合物を含み、
前記第2組成物中のイソシアネート基(-NCO)に対する前記第2硬化剤中のアミン基(-NH2)のモル比が1:0.80~1:1.20である、
請求項8に記載の研磨パッド。 - 前記第2組成物中のイソシアネート基(-NCO)の含有量は、5重量%~11重量%である、
請求項7に記載の研磨パッド。 - 研磨面を有する研磨層を含む研磨パッドを定盤上に提供するステップと、
前記研磨面に研磨対象の被研磨面が当接するように配置した後、加圧条件下、前記研磨パッドと前記研磨対象を互いに相対回転させながら前記研磨対象を研磨させるステップと、を含み、
前記研磨層は、前記研磨面を含む研磨可変層と、前記研磨可変層の前記研磨面の裏面側に配置された研磨不変層とを含み、
前記研磨不変層が第1ウレタン系プレポリマーを含む第1組成物の硬化物を含み、
前記第1ウレタン系プレポリマーは、水酸基価(Hydroxyl number、OH-Value)が200mgKOH/g~900mgKOH/gの第1ポリオールを含む第1アルコール成分;および第1イソシアネート成分の反応生成物である、
半導体素子の製造方法。 - 前記研磨対象の被研磨面が前記研磨層の研磨面に加圧される荷重が0.01psi~20psiである、
請求項11に記載の半導体素子の製造方法。
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US20230110921A1 (en) | 2023-04-13 |
KR20230051819A (ko) | 2023-04-19 |
TW202315707A (zh) | 2023-04-16 |
KR102594068B1 (ko) | 2023-10-24 |
CN115958524A (zh) | 2023-04-14 |
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