JP7397933B1

JP7397933B1 - Earth retaining device for shallow excavation trenches

Info

Publication number: JP7397933B1
Application number: JP2022133768A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 前田英樹; 笠岡真佐志; 植松寿人; 菊田亮一
Original assignee: 日本スピードショア株式会社
Priority date: 2022-08-25
Filing date: 2022-08-25
Publication date: 2023-12-13
Anticipated expiration: 2042-08-25
Also published as: JP2024030705A

Abstract

【課題】重機等を使用しなくても簡単に設置でき、しかも掘削溝の幅が狭くても設置可能な、浅堀の溝掘削工事に好適な土留め装置を提供すること。【解決手段】本発明は、掘削溝の上端縁に係止される板状部材と、該板状部材から下方に向かって設けられる土留め板とを一体に形成した。また、板状部材の上部に取っ手を設けた。更には前記本発明に係る浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置を一対対向させ、両者にわたり伸縮自在な切梁を架設した。【選択図】図３An object of the present invention is to provide an earth retaining device suitable for trench excavation work in shallow trenches, which can be easily installed without using heavy equipment, etc., and can be installed even if the width of the excavation trench is narrow. SOLUTION: The present invention integrally forms a plate-like member that is locked to the upper end edge of an excavation groove, and a retaining plate that is provided downward from the plate-like member. Additionally, a handle was provided on the top of the plate-like member. Furthermore, a pair of earth retaining devices for shallow excavated trenches according to the present invention were placed opposite each other, and a telescopic strut was constructed across the two. [Selection diagram] Figure 3

Description

本発明は、作業性を高めることができる掘削溝の土留め装置に関するものであり、より詳しくは浅堀の溝掘削工事に好適な土留め装置に関するものである。 The present invention relates to an earth retaining device for an excavated trench that can improve workability, and more particularly to an earth retaining device suitable for shallow trench excavation work.

従来、上下水道やガス輸送管、通信線や電力線などライフラインの地中埋設管を敷設するために掘削される掘削溝には、側壁の崩落を防止するのに支保工が組み立てられて掘削壁の土留めを行っている。 Traditionally, in excavated trenches excavated to lay underground pipes for lifelines such as water and sewage pipes, gas transportation pipes, communication lines, and power lines, shoring was assembled to prevent the side walls from collapsing. Earthworks are being carried out.

より具体的には、掘削溝の両側壁に沿って鋼矢板を配設し、各鋼矢板に沿って腹起し材を水平方向に設置して対向配置せしめ、当該腹起し材同士間に切梁を架設することで、土圧による鋼矢板の倒れ込みを防止しつつ埋設管の設置作業を行うことが可能な掘削溝を構築するものである。 More specifically, steel sheet piles are placed along both sides of the excavated trench, and uprights are installed horizontally along each steel sheet pile so that they face each other, and between the uprights. By installing struts, an excavation trench is constructed that allows installation of buried pipes while preventing steel sheet piles from collapsing due to earth pressure.

また、前記鋼矢板を用いる土留め支保工以外にも、たて込み簡易土留工法と呼ばれる工法も汎用されている。このたて込み簡易土留工法には、スライドレール方式と呼ばれる工法と、縦張りプレート方式と呼ばれる工法がある。 In addition to earth retaining shoring using steel sheet piles, a construction method called a simple vertical earth retaining method is also widely used. This simple earth retaining method includes a method called the slide rail method and a method called the vertical plate method.

スライドレール方式は、図７に示されるような対向するスライドレール１間に複数の切梁２を架設したガイド部材３を一対掘削溝内にたて込み、それぞれのガイド部材３を構成するスライドレール１間にわたりパネル４を嵌め込んでいくことで掘削壁の土留めを行うものである。スライドレール１はＨ型鋼等の重量物を使用しているため、前記ガイド部材３を掘削溝内にたて込む作業はバックホウ等の重機で行うのが通常である。
縦張りプレート方式は、図８に示すように、互いに平行に鉛直方向に延びる２本の縦梁６と、これらの二本の縦梁６間に設置されるプレート７とから構成される土留めパネル５を形成し、一対の土留めパネル５間に、掘削深さに応じた切梁２を予め取り付けたボックス８を、掘削溝にたて込むものである。この工法もプレート７等が重量物であるため、掘削溝内へのボックス８のたて込み作業はバックホウ等の重機で行うのが通常である。 In the slide rail method, as shown in FIG. 7, a pair of guide members 3 with a plurality of struts 2 installed between opposing slide rails 1 are built into a pair of excavated grooves, and the slide rails forming each guide member 3 are assembled. The earth retaining of the excavated wall is carried out by inserting the panels 4 over one space. Since the slide rail 1 uses a heavy object such as H-shaped steel, the work of erecting the guide member 3 into an excavated groove is usually performed using heavy equipment such as a backhoe.
As shown in FIG. 8, the vertical plate method is an earth retaining system consisting of two vertical beams 6 that extend in parallel to each other in the vertical direction, and a plate 7 installed between these two vertical beams 6. A box 8 which forms a panel 5 and has struts 2 installed in advance in accordance with the excavation depth between a pair of retaining panels 5 is erected into the excavation groove. In this construction method, the plates 7 and the like are heavy objects, so the work of stacking the boxes 8 into the excavated trenches is usually carried out using heavy machinery such as a backhoe.

特許文献１には上記縦張りプレート方式の土留め支保工を、順次連結していく土留め装置及び土留め工法が開示されている。 Patent Document 1 discloses an earth retaining device and an earth retaining construction method that sequentially connect the above-mentioned vertical plate type earth retaining shoring.

特開２００６－７０４３７号公報Japanese Patent Application Publication No. 2006-70437

上記各種土留め工法は、掘削溝内での作業者の安全のためには必須のものであるが、掘削溝の深さが１．５メートル程度の浅堀の場合、危険性が軽視され土留めが施されない場合がある。 The various earth retaining methods mentioned above are essential for the safety of workers in excavated trenches, but in the case of shallow trenches with a depth of about 1.5 meters, the danger is ignored and the soil The fastening may not be applied.

また、上記たて込み簡易土留工法と呼ばれる工法であっても、土留め支保工の設置にはバックホウ等の重機を使用して行う必要があり、作業が大がかりになりがちである。 Furthermore, even with the above-mentioned simple earth retaining method, it is necessary to use heavy equipment such as a backhoe to install the earth retaining shoring, and the work tends to be large-scale.

更には掘削深さが浅く、しかも埋設管が小径であれば自ずと掘削溝の幅も狭くなり、土
留め支保工を設置するスペースが掘削溝内に確保できない場合もある。 Furthermore, if the excavation depth is shallow and the buried pipe has a small diameter, the width of the excavation trench will naturally become narrower, and there may be cases where it is not possible to secure space within the excavation trench to install earth retaining shoring.

そこで本発明は重機等を使用しなくても簡単に設置でき、しかも掘削溝の幅が狭くても設置可能な、浅堀の溝掘削工事に好適な土留め装置を提供することを目的とする。 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide an earth retaining device suitable for shallow trench excavation work, which can be easily installed without using heavy equipment, and can be installed even if the width of the excavation trench is narrow. .

上記の目的を達成する本発明の構成は以下の通りである。 The structure of the present invention that achieves the above object is as follows.

（１) 請求項１に記載の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置は、掘削溝の上端縁に係止される板状部材と、該板状部材から下方に向かって設けられる土留め板とを固定し一体化して構成した。 (1) The earth retaining device for shallow excavated trenches according to claim 1 fixes a plate-like member that is locked to the upper edge of the excavated groove and an earth-retaining plate that is provided downward from the plate-like member. It has been integrated and configured.

（２) 請求項２に記載の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置は、請求項１記載の発明において、板状部材の上部に取っ手を取り付け構成した。 (2) The earth retaining device for shallow excavated trenches according to claim 2 is the invention according to claim 1, in which a handle is attached to the upper part of the plate-like member.

（３) 請求項３に記載の浅堀掘削溝用土留め支保工は、請求項１に記載の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置を一対対向させ、該対向させた一対の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置間に伸縮自在な切梁を架設して構成した。 (3) The earth retaining shoring for shallow excavated trenches according to claim 3 comprises a pair of earth retaining devices for shallow excavated trenches according to claim 1 facing each other, and the pair of opposed earth retaining devices for shallow excavated trenches. It was constructed by erecting a telescopic strut between them.

（４) 請求項４に記載の浅堀掘削溝用土留め支保工は、請求項２に記載の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置を一対対向させ、該対向させた一対の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置間に伸縮自在な切梁を架設して構成した。 (4) The earth retaining shoring for shallow excavated trenches according to claim 4 comprises a pair of earth retaining devices for shallow excavated trenches according to claim 2 facing each other, and the pair of opposed earth retaining devices for shallow excavated trenches. It was constructed by erecting a telescopic strut between them.

上記のように構成される本発明が、如何に作用して課題を解決するかを図面を参照しながら概説する。なお、各図におけるＵとは上方を、Ｄは下方を、Ｒは右方向を、Ｌは左方向を意味するものである。 How the present invention configured as described above functions and solves the problems will be outlined with reference to the drawings. In each figure, U means upward, D means downward, R means rightward, and L means leftward.

図４や図５に示すように、本発明に係る浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置１００は、板状部材１０と、板状部材１０に土留め板２０を固定し、もって両者を一体化したものである。 As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the earth retaining device 100 for shallow excavated trenches according to the present invention includes a plate-like member 10 and an earth-retaining plate 20 fixed to the plate-like member 10, thereby integrating the two. It is.

具体的の使用方法は、図２に示すように、板状部材１０を掘削溝１０１の上端縁部の地面Ｇ上に係止して設置し、対向する浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置１００間にわたり、切梁４０を架設して土留めを行うものである。 Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the plate-like member 10 is fixed and installed on the ground G at the upper edge of the excavated trench 101, and is installed between the facing earth retaining devices 100 for shallow excavated trenches. , a strut 40 is erected to perform earth retaining.

そして、本発明は深さが１．５メートル程度の浅堀掘削溝を想定したものであるので、土留め板２０の長さは１．５メートルをわずかに超える程度でよい。つまりは土留め板２０の重量は軽量となる。故に浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置１００は手にもって搬送することが可能となる。殊に請求項２記載の発明において、板状部材１０の上部に取っ手３０が取り付けてあることから、手にもっての搬送がより容易になるものである。 Since the present invention assumes a shallow excavation trench with a depth of about 1.5 meters, the length of the retaining plate 20 may be slightly more than 1.5 meters. In other words, the weight of the retaining plate 20 is light. Therefore, the earth retaining device 100 for shallow excavated trenches can be carried by hand. In particular, in the invention as claimed in claim 2, since the handle 30 is attached to the upper part of the plate-like member 10, it becomes easier to carry it by hand.

このように、各部材を個別に設置固定していくものであることから、重量もさほど大きくなく、故にバックホウ等によらずに人力で容易に設置可能なものである。 Since each member is installed and fixed individually in this way, the weight is not so large, and therefore it can be easily installed manually without using a backhoe or the like.

また、板状部材１０と土留め板２０が一体化していることから、板状部材１０が腹起しと同様の機能を果たすことになる。つまりは上記鋼矢板を用いる土留め支保工の場合のように、矢板等の土留め板を掘削溝の壁面に並べたのちに、腹起しを設置するといった作業が不要となり、作業効率が高まるものである。 Moreover, since the plate-like member 10 and the retaining plate 20 are integrated, the plate-like member 10 performs the same function as a tummy tuck. In other words, as in the case of earth retaining shoring using steel sheet piles mentioned above, there is no need to line up earth retaining boards such as sheet piles on the walls of excavated trenches and then install the uprights, which increases work efficiency. It is something.

更には、腹起しと同様の効果を奏する板状部材１０が地面に設置され、矢板等の掘削溝側に存するものでは無いことから、つまりは従来例のように掘削溝側に腹起しが張り出していることはないので、作業スペースが広く取れることになり、掘削溝の幅が狭くても設置可能となるのである。 Furthermore, since the plate-like member 10, which has the same effect as raising the ground, is installed on the ground and is not located on the side of the excavation groove such as a sheet pile, in other words, raising the plate on the side of the excavation groove as in the conventional example is not possible. Since there are no overhanging parts, a large working space is available, and installation is possible even if the width of the excavation trench is narrow.

本発明の使用状態を示す平面図A plan view showing the state of use of the present invention 同、正面図Same, front view 請求項４記載の発明の斜視図A perspective view of the invention according to claim 4 請求項２記載の発明の土留め板側から見た斜視図A perspective view of the invention according to claim 2 as seen from the earth retaining plate side. 請求項２記載の発明の板状部材側から見た斜視図A perspective view of the invention according to claim 2 as seen from the plate-like member side. 切梁の斜視図Perspective view of strut 従来例を示す斜視図Perspective view showing a conventional example 従来例を示す斜視図Perspective view showing a conventional example

以下、好ましい発明の実施形態につき、図面を参照しながら概説する。なお、本発明構成要素の実施形態は、下記の実施形態に何ら限定されることはなく、本発明の技術的範囲に属する限り、種々の形態を採りうる。 Preferred embodiments of the invention will be outlined below with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiments of the constituent elements of the present invention are not limited to the embodiments described below, and may take various forms as long as they fall within the technical scope of the present invention.

図４及び図５は、請求２に記載の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置１００を示すものである。中空の角型パイプ材で形成した板状部材１０を、上下方向に二段、土留め板２０の上部に固定してある。板状部材１０を中空の角型パイプ材で形成してあるのは、軽量化を図るためである。素材も鋼製でも構わないが、より軽量化を図るためにアルミ合金で形成しても構わない。 4 and 5 show an earth retaining device 100 for a shallow excavated trench according to a second aspect of the present invention. Plate members 10 formed of hollow square pipe materials are fixed to the upper part of earth retaining plates 20 in two stages in the vertical direction. The reason why the plate member 10 is formed of a hollow square pipe material is to reduce the weight. The material may be made of steel, but it may also be made of aluminum alloy to further reduce weight.

土留め板２０は図４や図５に示すようにハット形矢板と同様の凹凸形状の板材を用いている。係る形状とすることで断面性能が高まるものである。更には、本発明が１．５メートル程度の浅堀掘削溝に対応したものであることから、受ける土圧がそれほど大きいものではなく、したがって土留め板２０もアルミ合金で形成することが可能となる。つまりは、土留め板２０の軽量化を図ることが可能となる。むろん、より強度を高める必要があるときには、土留め板２０を鋼製としても構わない。 As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the retaining board 20 uses a plate material having an uneven shape similar to the hat-shaped sheet pile. With such a shape, cross-sectional performance is improved. Furthermore, since the present invention is compatible with shallow excavation trenches of about 1.5 meters, the earth pressure received is not so large, and therefore the earth retaining plate 20 can also be formed of aluminum alloy. Become. In other words, it is possible to reduce the weight of the retaining plate 20. Of course, if it is necessary to further increase the strength, the retaining plate 20 may be made of steel.

板状部材１０と土留め板２０との固定方法は、ボルト留めでも構わないし、溶接によっても構わない。 The plate member 10 and the retaining plate 20 may be fixed by bolting or welding.

請求項２記載の発明では、板状部材１０の上面には、円弧状の取っ手３０が設けてある。請求項１記載の発明は、この取っ手３０を有しないものである。 In the invention as set forth in claim 2, an arcuate handle 30 is provided on the upper surface of the plate member 10. The invention according to claim 1 does not have this handle 30.

図１乃至図３に示すように、請求項３に記載の浅堀掘削溝用土留支保工は、請求項１に記載の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置１００を一対対向させ、該対向させた一対の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置１００間に伸縮自在な切梁４０を架設して構成してある。同様に請求項４に記載の浅堀掘削溝用土留支保工は、請求項２に記載の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置１００を一対対向させ、該対向させた一対の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置１００間に伸縮自在な切梁４０を架設して構成してある。 As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the earth retaining shoring for shallow excavated trenches according to claim 3 includes a pair of earth retaining devices 100 for shallow excavated trenches according to claim 1 facing each other. An extensible strut 40 is constructed between earth retaining devices 100 for shallow excavated trenches. Similarly, an earth retaining shoring for a shallow excavated trench according to claim 4 includes a pair of earth retaining devices 100 for a shallow excavated trench facing each other, and a pair of earth retaining devices for a shallow excavated trench that are opposed to each other. A telescopic strut 40 is installed between 100 mm.

切梁４０は図６に示すように直径の大きな第一筒体４１と、第一筒体４１より直径が小さく第一筒体４１内に収容可能な第二筒体４２と、同じく第一筒体４１より直径が小さく第一筒体４１内に収容可能な第三筒体４３を主な構成要素とする。 As shown in FIG. 6, the strut 40 includes a first cylindrical body 41 having a large diameter, a second cylindrical body 42 having a smaller diameter than the first cylindrical body 41 and which can be accommodated in the first cylindrical body 41, and a first cylindrical body 42, which is also a first cylindrical body. The main component is a third cylindrical body 43 which has a smaller diameter than the body 41 and can be accommodated within the first cylindrical body 41.

第二筒体４２には孔４２ａが複数設けられており、第一筒体４１に設けられた図示されない孔と、孔４２ａを重ねた状態でピン４５を嵌め込むことで、両者を固定するものである。孔４２ａが複数設けられていることから、ピン４５をはめ込む孔４２ａを替えることで切梁４０の長さは可変となるものである。 The second cylindrical body 42 is provided with a plurality of holes 42a, and a pin 45 is inserted into the hole 42a (not shown) provided in the first cylindrical body 41 with the hole 42a overlapped to fix both. It is. Since a plurality of holes 42a are provided, the length of the strut 40 can be changed by changing the hole 42a into which the pin 45 is fitted.

また、第三筒体４３の外周面にはおねじが設けてあり、第一筒体４１の内周面にはめねじが設けてある。そして、このおねじとめねじは螺合するよう設けてあり、係る構造故に、第一筒体４１或いは第三筒体４３を回転させることで、切梁４０の長さが可変となる。係る構造故に、請求項３、請求項４に記載の浅堀掘削溝用土留支保工は、掘削溝の幅に応じた設置が可能となるのである。 Moreover, the outer peripheral surface of the third cylinder 43 is provided with a male thread, and the inner peripheral surface of the first cylinder 41 is provided with a female thread. The male thread and the female thread are screwed together, and because of this structure, the length of the strut 40 can be varied by rotating the first cylindrical body 41 or the third cylindrical body 43. Because of this structure, the earth retaining shoring for shallow excavated trenches according to claims 3 and 4 can be installed according to the width of the excavated trench.

第一筒体４１及び第三筒体４３の端部には箱体４４が取り付けてある。図３に示すように、この箱体４４を板部材１０の端部に取り付けた箱体１１内に収容させることで、切梁４０を浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置１００に装着するものである。 A box body 44 is attached to the ends of the first cylindrical body 41 and the third cylindrical body 43. As shown in FIG. 3, by housing this box 44 in the box 11 attached to the end of the plate member 10, the strut 40 is attached to the earth retaining device 100 for a shallow excavated trench.

１０・・板状部材
２０・・土留め板
３０・・取っ手
４０・・切梁
４１・・第一筒体
４２・・第二筒体
４３・・第三筒体
４４・・箱体
４５・・ピン 10... Plate member 20... Earth retaining board 30... Handle 40... Strut 41... First cylindrical body 42... Second cylindrical body 43... Third cylindrical body 44... Box body 45... pin

Claims

掘削溝の上端縁に係止される角型パイプ材で形成された板状部材と、該板状部材から下方に向かって設けられる土留め板とを固定し一体化した浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置。 An earth retaining system for shallow excavated trenches that fixes and integrates a plate-like member formed of a square pipe material that is secured to the upper edge of the excavated trench, and an earth-retaining plate that is provided downward from the plate-like member. Device.

板状部材の上部に取っ手を取り付けた請求項１に記載の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置。 The earth retaining device for shallow excavated trenches according to claim 1, wherein a handle is attached to the upper part of the plate-like member.

請求項１に記載の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置を一対対向させ、該対向させた一対の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置間に伸縮自在な切梁を架設した浅堀掘削溝用土留支保工。 An earth retaining shoring for a shallow excavated trench, which comprises a pair of earth retaining devices for a shallow excavated trench according to claim 1, and a telescopic strut is constructed between the pair of opposed earth retaining devices for a shallow excavated trench.

請求項２に記載の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置を一対対向させ、該対向させた一対の浅堀掘削溝用土留め装置間に伸縮自在な切梁を架設した浅堀掘削溝用土留支保工。 An earth retaining shoring for a shallow excavated trench, which comprises a pair of earth retaining devices for a shallow excavated trench according to claim 2, and a telescopic strut is constructed between the pair of opposed earth retaining devices for a shallow excavated trench.