JP7368664B2 - Method for producing detergent based on fluid sodium fatty acid soap - Google Patents

Method for producing detergent based on fluid sodium fatty acid soap Download PDF

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JP7368664B2
JP7368664B2 JP2019105036A JP2019105036A JP7368664B2 JP 7368664 B2 JP7368664 B2 JP 7368664B2 JP 2019105036 A JP2019105036 A JP 2019105036A JP 2019105036 A JP2019105036 A JP 2019105036A JP 7368664 B2 JP7368664 B2 JP 7368664B2
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尾池哲郎
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本発明は、流動性を持たせた脂肪酸ナトリウムを基材とした洗剤に関する。特に取扱い易さ、清潔さ、すすぎやすさ、使用感、高級感、機能性、品質安定性、汎用性、新商品への開発可能性を向上させるために流動性を持たせた脂肪酸ナトリウムを基材とした洗剤に関する。 The present invention relates to detergents based on sodium fatty acids that have fluidity. In particular, it is based on sodium fatty acids with fluidity to improve ease of handling, cleanliness, ease of rinsing, usability, luxury, functionality, quality stability, versatility, and possibility of developing new products. Regarding the detergent used as a material.

現在一般的に流通している洗剤は、純石鹸(脂肪酸ナトリウムおよび脂肪酸カリウム)と、その他の合成洗剤の大きく二つに大別される。純石鹸は、植物油や動物油をアルカリ(水酸化ナトリウムあるいは水酸化カリウム)でケン化することによって得られる洗剤であり、その他の安価な合成洗剤が開発されて以降も、そのすすぎ易さ、自然な香り、使用後のさっぱり感、適度な殺菌力、生分解性、環境に与える影響の小ささから、根強い人気を維持してきた。特に水酸化ナトリウムによってケン化された純石鹸(脂肪酸ナトリウム)は、香りが柔らかく、泡がきめ細かく、泡切れがよく、低刺激性のため、主に人肌を洗うために利用されてきた。水酸化カリウムでケン化されたものからは液体せっけんが得られ、主に洗濯用として利用され、一部シャンプーとして利用されている向きもあるが、やや刺激のある香りと、洗い上がりのきしみ感から肌の洗浄用としては敬遠されている。 Detergents currently on the market can be roughly divided into two types: pure soaps (sodium fatty acid and potassium fatty acid) and other synthetic detergents. Pure soap is a detergent obtained by saponifying vegetable or animal oil with alkali (sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide), and even after the development of other inexpensive synthetic detergents, its ease of rinsing and natural It has remained extremely popular due to its fragrance, refreshing feeling after use, moderate sterilizing power, biodegradability, and low impact on the environment. In particular, pure soap saponified with sodium hydroxide (sodium fatty acid) has been used primarily for washing human skin because it has a soft scent, produces fine foam, breaks easily, and is hypoallergenic. Liquid soap is obtained from saponified soap with potassium hydroxide, and is mainly used for laundry, and some people use it as shampoo, but it has a slightly pungent scent and a squeaky feeling after washing. Because of this, it is avoided as a skin cleanser.

純石鹸以外の合成洗剤は大量に生産でき、安価で、かつ化学的に機能性を容易に追加できるため、現在では純石鹸よりも広く普及している。特に、アルキル硫酸系の界面活性剤は、ミネラルが含まれている場合でも洗浄能力が落ちず、少量で長期間利用できるため、家庭用として一般的な洗剤である。しかし後述の通り、脱脂力の強さや、肌への吸着性、生分解性の低さといった問題点も多い。また第三の洗剤として微生物由来の界面活性剤(サーファクチン)も開発されたが、それ単独ではコストが高く、普及は遅れている。 Synthetic detergents other than pure soaps are now more widely used than pure soaps because they can be produced in large quantities, are inexpensive, and can easily have chemical functionality added to them. In particular, alkyl sulfate-based surfactants are common detergents for household use because they do not lose their cleaning ability even when they contain minerals and can be used in small amounts for long periods of time. However, as described below, there are many problems such as low degreasing power, low adsorption to the skin, and low biodegradability. Microbial-derived surfactants (surfactin) have also been developed as a third type of detergent, but their use alone is expensive and widespread use has been slow.

脂肪酸ナトリウム系の石鹸は、使用感ではもっとも人肌に優しく、しかも環境へ与える負荷も小さいため一定の需要を維持しているが、常温固形であるため、各社は純石鹸をベースに、使いやすい液体タイプや、発泡タイプの商品開発に腐心してきた。 Sodium fatty acid soaps maintain a certain level of demand because they are the most gentle on the skin and have a small impact on the environment, but because they are solid at room temperature, companies are trying to make soaps based on pure soaps that are easy to use. We have been working hard to develop liquid and foam type products.

たとえば、特開2004-210833 の「石鹸組成物及びその製造方法」では、脂肪酸やアルコール化合物をアルカリでケン化し、35%以上の濃度の流動性の石鹸を得ている。また、特開2003-040761の「突っ張り感を緩和された洗浄料」では、脂肪酸系石鹸のもつ洗い上がり感を追求し、過剰な皮脂を除去するために感じるツッパリ感を緩和するため、ジポリヒドロキシステアリン酸ポリオキシエチレンを配合し、クリーム状にしている。 For example, in ``Soap Composition and Method for Producing the Same'' in JP-A No. 2004-210833, fatty acids and alcohol compounds are saponified with an alkali to obtain a fluid soap with a concentration of 35% or more. In addition, in the ``Cleaning agent that reduces the feeling of tightness'' in JP-A-2003-040761, we pursue the cleansing feeling of fatty acid soap, and use Zipori to alleviate the tight feeling felt when removing excess sebum. Contains polyoxyethylene hydroxystearate and is cream-like.

特開2002-356417の「液体身体洗浄料」では、流動性と低温安定性が良好で、かつ脂肪酸石鹸の長所である泡立ち、ぬるつき感のなさを実現するため、脂肪酸カリウム塩に、グリチルリチン酸塩、あるいはアニオン界面活性剤を配合して、液体せっけんを得ている。 The "liquid body cleansing agent" of JP-A-2002-356417 has good fluidity and low-temperature stability, as well as lack of foaming and slimy feeling, which are the advantages of fatty acid soaps. Liquid soap is obtained by adding salt or anionic surfactants.

特許3421018 の「ホイップドO/W型乳化化粧料及びその製造方法」では、脂肪酸石鹸のホイップド化粧料を作成するため、カチオン型高分子を加え、泡立った状態で充填するものである。しかし、流動性を持たない場合は、脂肪酸ナトリウムを使用すると、ポンプアップができないほどに固形化するため、使用できなくなる。使用するためには広い温度範囲(1℃~37℃)において流動性を保たなければならない。 In Patent No. 3421018, ``Whipped O/W type emulsified cosmetic and method for producing the same,'' in order to create a whipped cosmetic made of fatty acid soap, a cationic polymer is added and filled in a foamed state. However, if sodium fatty acids are used without fluidity, they will solidify to the point that they cannot be pumped up, making them unusable. In order to be used, it must maintain fluidity over a wide temperature range (1°C to 37°C).

特許2132950 の「液体石鹸組成物」では、もともと水溶性の高いカリウムあるいはジエタノールアミン等をアルカリ剤とした液体石鹸で、脂肪酸の炭素数を12以上とするものを利用して課題を克服しようとしている。 The ``Liquid Soap Composition'' disclosed in Patent No. 2132950 attempts to overcome this problem by using a liquid soap with an alkaline agent such as potassium or diethanolamine, which is highly water-soluble, and whose fatty acid has 12 or more carbon atoms.

特許4667163の「透明ゲル状洗浄剤組成物」では、クラフト点が低いオレイン酸やイソステアリン酸のカリウム塩によって低温域でもゲル状を維持する洗浄剤を提案している。しかしこれもカリウム塩によるものである。 Patent No. 4,667,163, titled "Transparent gel-like cleaning composition," proposes a cleaning agent that maintains its gel-like state even at low temperatures using potassium salts of oleic acid and isostearic acid, which have low Krafft points. However, this is also due to potassium salts.

以上のような先行技術の課題を克服するために特開2017-057287の「流動性を有した脂肪酸ナトリウム石鹸」では、石鹸素地粒子と気泡にせん断力をかけることで微粒子に粉砕し、安定化させることで流動性を確保する方法を見出している。 In order to overcome the above-mentioned problems with the prior art, the "fluid fatty acid sodium soap" of JP 2017-057287 was developed by applying shear force to soap base particles and air bubbles to crush them into fine particles and stabilize them. We have found a way to ensure liquidity by

特開2004-210833JP2004-210833 特開2003-040761JP2003-040761 特開2002-356417JP2002-356417 特許3421018Patent 3421018 特許2132950Patent 2132950 特許4667163Patent 4667163 特開2017-057287JP2017-057287

純石鹸以外の合成洗剤を使用した流動性を持った洗剤の場合、その合成界面活性剤が人肌に吸着することによる、ぬるぬる感、残膜感が洗浄後に残ってしまう。特にカチオン系界面活性剤は人肌や毛髪に吸着しやすく、保湿感と誤認されるケースもあり、長時間残存すると肌荒れの原因になったり、洗浄後に適用する育毛剤などの有効成分の効果を阻害する原因になったりする。特にアルキル硫酸系の合成界面活性剤の場合、皮脂を取りすぎる傾向にあり、毛穴の奥の皮脂まで取り去った場合、お風呂上がりの乾燥後に、つっぱり感、ちくちく感、かさかさ感が残ることになる。 In the case of fluid detergents that use synthetic detergents other than pure soap, the synthetic surfactants adsorb to human skin, leaving a slimy feeling and a residual film feeling after washing. In particular, cationic surfactants easily adsorb to human skin and hair, and can sometimes be mistaken for moisturizing effects.If they remain for a long time, they can cause skin roughness or reduce the effectiveness of active ingredients such as hair growth products applied after washing. It may cause obstruction. Especially in the case of alkyl sulfate-based synthetic surfactants, they tend to remove too much sebum from the skin, and if they remove sebum from deep within the pores, they will leave a feeling of tightness, prickling, and dryness after drying after a bath. .

脂肪酸ナトリウム以外の合成界面活性剤は天然に存在しない物質が多いため、生分解性に乏しく微生物が処理できないことが多いため排水後に、環境中に残存し、自然環境に与える影響が大きい。脂肪酸石鹸の持つ課題もある。液体状脂肪酸石鹸は、ケン化の際に水酸化カリウムを使用することで容易に得ることができるが、カリウム系石鹸は、泡が粗く、フォーミング後の高級感に劣り、洗い上がりにも違和感を覚えることがある。 Since many synthetic surfactants other than sodium fatty acids do not exist in nature, they often have poor biodegradability and cannot be processed by microorganisms, so they remain in the environment after wastewater is discharged, and have a large impact on the natural environment. There are also issues with fatty acid soaps. Liquid fatty acid soap can be easily obtained by using potassium hydroxide during saponification, but potassium-based soap has coarse foam, lacks a luxurious feel after foaming, and has an unpleasant feeling after washing. I have something to remember.

またカリウム純石鹸は臭いにやや違和感を生じる場合があるため、カリウム石鹸を主成分とした液体シャンプーなどは香料を配合したものが多い。香料は人肌に刺激の強いものも多いため注意を要する。純石鹸系のシャンプーはほぼすべてがカリウム石鹸を使用したものであるが、カリウム石鹸は油の配合量を増やすことが難しいため、洗い上がりのきしみ感が強く残る傾向にある。 In addition, pure potassium soap may have a slightly unpleasant odor, so liquid shampoos and the like that have potassium soap as their main ingredient often contain fragrances. Be careful when using fragrances, as many are highly irritating to human skin. Almost all pure soap shampoos use potassium soap, but since it is difficult to increase the amount of oil in potassium soap, they tend to leave a strong squeaky feeling after washing.

特許文献7に示した先行技術の液体純石鹸も登場しているが、時間と共に固液分離する可能性があり、それが消費期限の短さや、希釈しにくいといった商品開発上の課題につながっている。 The prior art liquid pure soap shown in Patent Document 7 has also appeared, but there is a possibility of solid-liquid separation over time, which leads to problems in product development such as short shelf life and difficulty in diluting. There is.

以上のような課題から、使用感や環境に与える影響を考慮すると、脂肪酸ナトリウム純石鹸が最も課題の少ない界面活性剤であるが、常温固形であり、使用においては人肌に触れた石鹸表面を常に外気にさらすことで不清潔感があり、さらにその石鹸表面が常に溶解と乾燥を繰り返すために形状が一定でなく、高級感を持たない。使用に伴って石鹸は小さくなるため、表面積が減少し、泡立てるのに時間がかかる上、ある程度小さくなってしまうと、使いにくくなり、そのまま放置されるか、廃棄される。 Considering the above-mentioned issues and consideration of the usability and the impact on the environment, fatty acid sodium pure soap is the surfactant with the least problems, but it is solid at room temperature, and when used, the soap surface that comes into contact with human skin must be cleaned. Constant exposure to the outside air gives the soap an unclean feel, and since the soap surface constantly melts and dries, its shape is irregular and it lacks a luxurious feel. As soap becomes smaller as it is used, its surface area decreases and it takes longer to lather, and once it becomes smaller, it becomes difficult to use and is either left alone or thrown away.

発明者は、これらの課題が長年解決できていない要因は、脂肪酸ナトリウム純石鹸自体の流動性改善がほとんど考慮されず、その他の界面活性剤や添加剤の配合によって流動性を持たせようとしているからであると考えた。つまり流動性の低い脂肪酸ナトリウムに、流動性の高い他の合成界面活性剤や増粘剤や安定剤を配合して流動性を持たせようとしてきたものの、脂肪酸ナトリウム自体の改良を経ない以上は十分な流動性の確保は困難であり、結局、流動性の高いカリウム石鹸やアルキル硫酸エステル塩が主たる成分に置き換わってしまう結果となっている。そうした考え方は脂肪酸ナトリウムの固形純石鹸をそのまま液状化する開発方向性を長年にわたって失うことにつながった。 The inventor believes that the reason why these problems have not been solved for many years is that little consideration has been given to improving the fluidity of the sodium fatty acid pure soap itself, and efforts have been made to improve fluidity by adding other surfactants and additives. I thought it was from the body. In other words, although attempts have been made to improve fluidity by adding other highly fluid synthetic surfactants, thickeners, and stabilizers to fatty acid sodium, which has low fluidity, this will not work unless the fatty acid sodium itself is improved. It is difficult to ensure sufficient fluidity, and as a result, highly fluid potassium soaps and alkyl sulfate salts are substituted as the main ingredients. This way of thinking led to the loss of the development direction of directly liquefying solid pure soap made of sodium fatty acids for many years.

発明者は、脂肪酸ナトリウムの優れた長所を引き継いだ流動性洗剤を得るためには、あくまでも脂肪酸ナトリウムを主成分とする固形純石鹸をそのまま液状化すべきであり、かつ、流動性を持たせるためには、添加物などの配合成分の組み合わせといった化学的見地だけに頼らない、より広範囲な物理化学的な対策が必要であると考えた。 The inventor believes that in order to obtain a fluid detergent that inherits the excellent advantages of sodium fatty acids, it is necessary to liquefy the solid pure soap containing sodium fatty acids as the main component, and to make it fluid. believed that a broader range of physicochemical measures were needed, rather than relying solely on chemical considerations such as combinations of ingredients such as additives.

発明者は脂肪酸ナトリウムの流動性向上に利用できる手段について調査研究し、マイクロバブル、ホモジナイザー、チョッパーミキサー、ホモミキサーといった機材を用いて様々な手法を試みた。その中で、極めて大きなせん断力を用いて脂肪酸ナトリウム粒子径をできるだけ小さくすることによって、これまでとは異なる外観の脂肪酸ナトリウムが得られることが分かった。その実験結果についてつぶさに比較検証する中で、親水性の高い脂肪酸ナトリウム粒子と、水と、こまかな気泡とオイルを巻き込むことで、長期的かつ広い温度範囲で安定的な流動性石鹸を作り出せるのではないかと考えた。 The inventor conducted research on methods that can be used to improve the fluidity of sodium fatty acids, and tried various methods using equipment such as microbubbles, homogenizers, chopper mixers, and homomixers. Among them, it was found that by using an extremely large shear force to reduce the particle size of sodium fatty acids as much as possible, sodium fatty acids with a different appearance than before could be obtained. While carefully comparing and verifying the experimental results, we found that it is possible to create a fluid soap that is stable over a long period of time and over a wide temperature range by involving highly hydrophilic fatty acid sodium particles, water, fine air bubbles, and oil. I thought about it.

固形脂肪酸ナトリウム石鹸素地、水、油、空気を混合した場合に形成される、気液ミセルと液液ミセルの粒径をできるだけ小さくすることで、それぞれの微小ミセル表面に水和水が均一に結合し、それら集合体が安定的な流動性を維持できるのではないかと考えた。 By minimizing the particle size of gas-liquid micelles and liquid-liquid micelles that are formed when solid fatty acid sodium soap base, water, oil, and air are mixed, hydration water is bonded uniformly to the surface of each micro micelle. However, we thought that these aggregates could maintain stable fluidity.

そのために必要な知見は、成分を粉砕し微小ミセルを生じさせるための物理的力(せん断力)と、それを実現するための各化学成分の配合量である。特に空気の混合比率については重要であり、撹拌前後の容量変化によって調整を試みた。脂肪酸ナトリウムに大きな剪断力をかける具体的技術として、メカノケミカルに着目した。メカノケミカルとは、固体物質が粉砕過程で界面に受ける剪断力、摩擦力、圧縮力等の物理的エネルギーにより界面に活性を持った結合面が生じる現象を利用した技術であり、その結果として新たな特性を有した物質が得られる。微小ミセル安定化のための知見を得ることができれば、温度変化においても大きな粘度変化を生じなくなるのではないかと考えた。しかも十分に水と結合した微細な気泡状態の脂肪酸ナトリウムは、生じる金属石鹸(石鹸カス)の粒子も小さくなり、より洗い流しやすくなることも期待した。 The knowledge required for this purpose is the physical force (shearing force) to crush the ingredients and produce micromicelles, and the amount of each chemical component to be blended to achieve this. The mixing ratio of air is particularly important, and we attempted to adjust it by changing the volume before and after stirring. We focused on mechanochemicals as a specific technology for applying large shear forces to sodium fatty acids. Mechanochemical is a technology that utilizes the phenomenon in which active bonding surfaces are created at the interface due to physical energy such as shearing force, frictional force, and compressive force that solid substances receive at the interface during the pulverization process, and as a result, new A substance with unique properties can be obtained. We thought that if we could obtain knowledge for stabilizing micromicelle, it would be possible to prevent large viscosity changes even with temperature changes. In addition, it was hoped that the sodium fatty acids in the form of fine bubbles that had sufficiently combined with water would reduce the size of the particles of metal soap (soap scum) that formed, making them easier to wash away.

こうした脂肪酸ナトリウムを起点とする着想により、十分な安定性と洗浄力、流動性を有し、石鹸カスが生じにくく、洗い流しやすく、かつ、常に清潔な状態でポンプ吐出できる、まったく新しい液状の石鹸洗剤を得ることができることを想定した。以上のメカニズム上の仮説は開発の方向性と手法を考察するためのものであり、発明品のメカニズムを特定するものではない。 Based on an idea based on sodium fatty acids, a completely new liquid soap detergent has sufficient stability, detergency, and fluidity, is resistant to soap scum, is easy to wash, and can always be pumped out in a clean state. It was assumed that it would be possible to obtain The above mechanistic hypotheses are intended to consider the direction and method of development, and do not specify the mechanism of the invention.

高い剪断力を生み出すプロシェアミキサー、ハイシェアミキサー、カッターミキサー、チョッパーミキサー、ホモジナイザーなどの産業用ミキサーは高価であり、民生用の石鹸製造への利用はほとんど見られなかった。実際に特許文献調査でも、強い剪断力を利用した流動性石鹸の事例は見られない。しかし近年、製造機械のコストが下がることで、高価だった上記のミキサーも安価になっている。メカノケミカルの石鹸製造への適用によって脂肪酸ナトリウムの新たな形態が生まれると考え、適用と試作を開始した。 Industrial mixers that produce high shearing forces, such as Pro Shear mixers, High Shear mixers, cutter mixers, chopper mixers, and homogenizers, are expensive and have rarely been used in consumer soap production. In fact, even in a search of patent literature, there are no examples of fluid soaps that utilize strong shearing force. However, in recent years, as the cost of manufacturing machinery has fallen, the mixers mentioned above, which used to be expensive, have become cheaper. We believed that a new form of sodium fatty acid could be created by applying mechanochemicals to soap production, and we began application and trial production.

原料として検討した脂肪酸ナトリウム系石鹸は4種類であり、植物性および動物性の石けん素地、および熟成直後のスラリーである。石鹸素地は水に溶解させることでスラリー状にすることができる。発明者は、このスラリーの段階においてメカノケミカル現象を利用できると考えた。 Four types of sodium fatty acid soaps were investigated as raw materials: vegetable and animal soap bases, and slurry immediately after aging. Soap base can be made into a slurry by dissolving it in water. The inventor thought that mechanochemical phenomena could be utilized at this slurry stage.

まず固形石鹸は、薄くスライスした後に添加水分とともに加熱するとスラリー状にすることができる。しかしその場合は過剰な添加水量でなければ冷却と共に元の固形状態に戻り、実用的ではなかった。次に回転数毎分5000回転以上のチョッパーミキサーによって剪断力をかけながら混錬した結果、同様に溶解しスラリー状になると共に、さらに気泡をまきこむことで、発泡させることが可能で、流動性と粘性を持った液状の石鹸が得られた。しかし時間の経過と共に水が分離した。 First, bar soap can be made into a slurry by slicing it thinly and then heating it with added water. However, in that case, unless the amount of water added was excessive, the product would return to its original solid state upon cooling, making it impractical. Next, the mixture is kneaded while applying shearing force using a chopper mixer with a rotation speed of 5,000 revolutions per minute or more. As a result, it similarly dissolves and becomes a slurry, and by adding air bubbles, it can be foamed, improving fluidity. A viscous liquid soap was obtained. However, over time the water separated.

次に、粉末状の石鹸素地を利用してスラリーを作り、さらにホイップミキサーによる事前の気泡巻き込みを導入したり、チョッパーミキサーの回転数を毎分5000回転以上に上げたり、刃の傾き、混錬タンクの形状を工夫することで、さらに根気よく条件を繰り返し調整したところ、特定の条件下において粘性が安定し、液状の石鹸洗剤を得ることができた。 Next, a slurry is made using the powdered soap base, and a whip mixer is used to incorporate air bubbles in advance. By devising the shape of the tank and patiently repeatedly adjusting the conditions, they were able to stabilize the viscosity under certain conditions and obtain a liquid soap detergent.

しかしこの液状石鹸も、時間変化や温度変化によっては水が分離し、特に37℃以上の環境では分離速度も速いことが分かった。また0℃以下の低温域では硬化することもあった。 However, even with this liquid soap, water separates depending on changes in time and temperature, and it has been found that the separation rate is particularly fast in an environment of 37°C or higher. In addition, it sometimes hardened at low temperatures below 0°C.

発明者は、増粘安定剤としてカルボキシメチルセルロース(CMC)を配合し、また添加剤としてアスコルビン酸ナトリウムを配合したところ、37℃において6か月以上の長期にわたり水の分離が起きないことが分かり、0℃においても硬化が起きず、ポンプ吐出が可能であることが分かった。 The inventor found that when carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) was blended as a thickening stabilizer and sodium ascorbate was blended as an additive, water separation did not occur for a long period of 6 months or more at 37 ° C. It was found that no curing occurred even at 0° C., and pump discharge was possible.

発見者は、さらに使用感や高級感を追求するため、1年間にわたり、モニターユーザーへ試作品を配布し、評価を実施した。その結果、使用後のべたつき、ポンプボトルの吐出口での乾燥、気泡の安定性(見た目の高級感)、寒冷時の硬化といった課題が指摘され、これらの課題について、使用感、流動性、高級感、安定性を補完するため、流動助剤としてホホバ油を配合し、混錬条件を変化させたところ、実施例に示した特定の配合条件において課題を克服することに成功した。その結果得られた液状石鹸は、発泡性、洗浄性いずれにおいても固形石鹸と大きな違いはなかった。合成洗剤に比較した場合は発泡性、洗浄性において劣る課題があったものの、微生物由来の界面活性剤であるサーファクチンを微量配合することにより、それらの課題もある程度克服することができ、かつ生分解性を維持できることが分かった。 The discoverer distributed prototypes to monitor users over a period of one year and conducted evaluations in order to further improve usability and luxury. As a result, issues such as stickiness after use, dryness at the outlet of the pump bottle, stability of bubbles (appearance of luxury), and hardening in cold weather were pointed out. In order to supplement the texture and stability, we blended jojoba oil as a flow aid and varied the kneading conditions, and succeeded in overcoming the problems under the specific blending conditions shown in the examples. The resulting liquid soap did not differ significantly from the solid soap in both foaming and cleaning properties. When compared to synthetic detergents, there were issues with their foaming and cleaning properties, but by incorporating a small amount of surfactin, a surfactant derived from microorganisms, these issues could be overcome to some extent, and It was found that degradability could be maintained.

ホホバ油はグリセリンの配合と比較して流動安定性が向上し、洗い上がりのつっぱり感が緩和され、しっとり感が長続きする結果となった。また、混錬条件の改善においては、気泡の巻き込み程度(容積の増加程度)、そして混錬時間を長くすることで、気泡がよりきめ細かく、そして気泡と流動性がより安定した。また一回目に混錬と気泡巻き込みを行った後、数時間放置すると粘度が徐々に上昇した。しかし翌日以降に再度せん断力により混錬したところ、粘度の変化が低下し、流動性の安定性が向上した液状の純石鹸を得ることができた。この静置時間を挟んだ複数回混錬による粘度安定性の改善は特に大きな発見であった。以上の知見と発見は、脂肪酸ナトリウムだけに立脚し、物理化学的見地における大胆な試作条件のもとでなければ到底辿り着かないものである。特にホイップミキサーによる気泡の巻き込みとチョッパーミキサーによる気泡の粉砕の組み合わせは、気泡の微細化とメカノケミカル現象に着目したミセル表面への水和水の吸着といった着想がなければ試みられない条件であり、複数回の混錬による粘度安定性の向上や、微量のサーファクチンと組み合わせは以上の条件を前提としなければ得られない発見である。 Compared to glycerin formulations, jojoba oil has improved flow stability, reduces the feeling of tightness after washing, and results in a long-lasting moist feeling. Furthermore, in improving the kneading conditions, by increasing the degree of bubble entrainment (volume increase) and lengthening the kneading time, the bubbles became finer and the bubbles and fluidity became more stable. Further, after the first kneading and air bubble entrainment, the viscosity gradually increased when left for several hours. However, when the mixture was kneaded again using shear force the next day, it was possible to obtain a liquid pure soap with reduced viscosity changes and improved fluidity stability. The improvement in viscosity stability by multiple kneading with this standing time in between was a particularly significant discovery. The above knowledge and discoveries could only be achieved based on sodium fatty acids and under bold experimental conditions from a physicochemical standpoint. In particular, the combination of bubble entrainment with a whip mixer and bubble pulverization with a chopper mixer is a condition that cannot be attempted without ideas such as bubble miniaturization and adsorption of hydration water to the micelle surface based on mechanochemical phenomena. The improvement of viscosity stability through multiple kneading and the combination with a trace amount of surfactin are discoveries that could only be made under the above conditions.

以上の検討によって得られた脂肪酸ナトリウムを主剤とした液状洗剤は、純石鹸以外の合成洗剤に見られるような、ぬるぬる感、残膜感がなく、なおかつ、皮脂を取りすぎることがないため、お風呂上がりの乾燥後に、つっぱり感、ちくちく感、かさかさ感が残らず、自らの皮脂の働きで、しっとりとした洗い上がりになる。 The liquid detergent based on sodium fatty acids obtained through the above studies does not have the slimy feeling or residual film feeling that is seen with synthetic detergents other than pure soap, and does not remove too much sebum, so it is useful. After drying after taking a bath, there is no feeling of tightness, prickling, or dryness, and the skin's own oils leave it moisturized.

また脂肪酸ナトリウム界面活性剤はもともと自然に存在する脂肪酸塩であるため、微生物が好んで分解するため生分解性に優れ、排水後に、環境中に残存することがなく、自然環境に与える影響も少ない。本発明において生分解性は極めて重要な要素であり、発泡性を改善するために配合する界面活性剤は純石鹸、あるいは微生物由来の界面活性剤に限定される。 In addition, since fatty acid sodium surfactants are originally naturally occurring fatty acid salts, they have excellent biodegradability as microorganisms prefer to decompose them, and they do not remain in the environment after drainage, so they have little impact on the natural environment. . Biodegradability is an extremely important element in the present invention, and the surfactant blended to improve foaming properties is limited to pure soap or microbial-derived surfactants.

また脂肪酸ナトリウム石鹸は、カリウム系石鹸と異なり、泡がきめ細かく、フォーミング後にふわっとした泡が形成され、高級感があり、洗い上がりもしっとりとする。 Also, unlike potassium-based soaps, fatty acid sodium soap has fine foam, and fluffy foam is formed after foaming, giving it a luxurious feel and leaving it moisturized after washing.

脂肪酸ナトリウム石鹸は、いわゆるソープの自然な香りであり、洗剤の中ではもっとも受け入れられている香りである。そのため、追加で香料を配合せずとも、洗顔ソープ、ボディーソープ、シャンプーとして、従来の純石鹸と同様に使用できる。また、粘性を持っているため保湿油の配合が容易である。すでに起泡されているため香料がごく少量で済み、肌への負担も最小限に抑制できる。 Sodium fatty acid soap is the so-called natural soap scent and is the most accepted scent among detergents. Therefore, it can be used as a face wash soap, body soap, or shampoo in the same way as conventional pure soap without adding fragrance. In addition, since it has viscosity, it is easy to incorporate moisturizing oil into it. Since it has already been foamed, only a small amount of fragrance is needed, and the burden on the skin can be kept to a minimum.

ポンプボトルに充填して使用できる程度の流動性、安定性、耐乾燥性を持っているため、従来の固形石鹸のような、不清潔感がなく、ボトルの形状を選ぶことで高級感を持たせることができ、取扱い易く、かつ最後まで使い切ることができるため、経済的である。さらには希釈もできるため、固形石鹸にくらべて開発可能性が格段に広がる。 It has enough fluidity, stability, and drying resistance that it can be used by filling it in a pump bottle, so it doesn't feel unclean like traditional bar soaps, and the bottle shape gives it a luxurious feel. It is economical because it can be used up, is easy to handle, and can be used up until the end. Furthermore, because it can be diluted, development possibilities are much wider than with bar soap.

本発明によって、これまで固形状でしか取り扱えなかった脂肪酸ナトリウム石鹸が流動性を持った液状で利用できるようになり、ポンプボトルやチューブに充填して使用できるようになる。これによってユーザーは、合成界面活性剤由来のぬるぬる感、残膜感が伴わない、すすぎが楽で、洗い上りがさっぱりとした洗浄剤をいつでも清潔な状態で手軽に利用できるようになる。粘度や品質の安定性が向上したことにより、希釈や後加工などが容易になり、手洗いソープとしてだけではなく、洗顔剤、ボディーソープ、シャンプー、家庭用洗剤と広い範囲で利用できる。 According to the present invention, fatty acid sodium soap, which has hitherto been available only in solid form, can now be used in fluid liquid form, which can then be filled into pump bottles and tubes. As a result, users will be able to easily use a detergent that is clean and free of the slimy or residual film feeling caused by synthetic surfactants, is easy to rinse, and has a refreshing finish. The improved viscosity and stability of quality make dilution and post-processing easier, allowing it to be used not only as hand soap but also in a wide range of applications such as facial cleansers, body soaps, shampoos, and household detergents.

使用する原材料は、脂肪酸ナトリウム石鹸素地、微生物由来の界面活性剤、水、増粘安定剤、流動助剤、酸化防止剤であり、場合によって香料、防腐剤、金属封鎖剤、顔料、染料、増量剤であり、使用する器具は攪拌ミキサー、起泡ミキサー、せん断ミキサーである。 The raw materials used are sodium fatty acid soap base, surfactant derived from microorganisms, water, thickening stabilizer, flow aid, antioxidant, and in some cases fragrance, preservative, sequestering agent, pigment, dye, and weight extender. The equipment used is a stirring mixer, foaming mixer, and shearing mixer.

脂肪酸ナトリウム石鹸素地の原料となる脂肪酸は、植物油脂、動物油脂から得られる直鎖状炭化水素カルボン酸であり、ホホバ油、ヤシ油、牛脂などの天然油脂だけではなく、単一成分のオレイン酸、ラウリン酸、ステアリン酸なども含まれる。微生物由来の界面活性剤は環状ペプチドからなる界面活性剤である。 The fatty acids that are the raw materials for sodium fatty acid soap bases are linear hydrocarbon carboxylic acids obtained from vegetable oils and animal fats. , lauric acid, and stearic acid. Microbial-derived surfactants are surfactants consisting of cyclic peptides.

水は、望ましくは純水であるが、水道水からミネラルを除去した滅菌水も利用可能である。 The water is preferably pure water, but sterile water obtained by removing minerals from tap water can also be used.

増粘安定剤は主に増粘多糖類か高分子ポリマーであり、CMCやキサンタンガム、カルボマーなどが望ましいが、これに限定されるものではない。流動助剤は油脂やグリセリンが主に使用され、本発明においてはホホバ油が最も望ましいが、これらに限定されるものではない。酸化防止剤もアスコルビン酸ナトリウムが最も望ましいが、これに限定されるものではない。 The thickening stabilizer is mainly a thickening polysaccharide or a high molecular weight polymer, preferably CMC, xanthan gum, carbomer, etc., but is not limited thereto. The fluidizing agent mainly used is fat or oil or glycerin, and in the present invention, jojoba oil is the most preferred, but it is not limited to these. The antioxidant is most preferably sodium ascorbate, but is not limited thereto.

ミキサーのうち起泡を目的としたミキサーは針金を有した一般的なホイップミキサーでよい。強い剪断力を発生させるチョッパーミキサーは金属製の羽根を有し、回転力毎分1000回転以上のもので、特に5000回転以上のものが望ましい。 Among the mixers, the mixer for foaming may be a general whip mixer with a wire. The chopper mixer that generates strong shearing force has metal blades and has a rotational force of 1000 revolutions per minute or more, preferably 5000 revolutions or more.

配合する材料は、脂肪酸ナトリウム石鹸素地10~35重量部、環状ペプチド界面活性剤0.01~5重量部、純水65~90重量部、増粘安定剤0.05~0.5重量部、流動助剤0.5~5重量部、酸化防止剤0.01~0.1重量部を使用する。望ましい配合条件としては、脂肪酸ナトリウム石鹸素地15~25重量部に、純水70~80重量部、増粘安定剤0.1~0.3重量部、流動助剤1~3重量部、酸化防止剤0.01~0.05重量部である。 The ingredients to be blended are 10 to 35 parts by weight of sodium fatty acid soap base, 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of cyclic peptide surfactant, 65 to 90 parts by weight of pure water, 0.05 to 0.5 parts by weight of thickening stabilizer, 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of flow aid and 0.01 to 0.1 part by weight of antioxidant are used. Desirable blending conditions include 15 to 25 parts by weight of sodium fatty acid soap base, 70 to 80 parts by weight of pure water, 0.1 to 0.3 parts by weight of thickening stabilizer, 1 to 3 parts by weight of flow aid, and antioxidant. The amount of the agent is 0.01 to 0.05 parts by weight.

これらを混合した後、チョッパーミキサーで撹拌すると、一定時間後に、混合物の粘度が上がり、スラリー状からゲル状へと変化する。ゲル状となった後、ホイップミキサーによって気泡を巻き込みつつ、一定時間以上混錬すると、次第に全体の容積が増加し、かさ容積(石鹸と巻き込まれた気泡を含めた見た目の容積)が元の容積と比較して130%以上から160%以上に増加する。その後チョッパーミキサーでせん断力をかけ十分混錬すると、粒子と気泡がきめ細かくなり流動性が安定した液状洗剤が得られる。また、一度混錬して得られた液状石鹸洗剤を数時間放置すると粘度が上昇することがあるため、これを数時間後に再度混錬すると、粘度が下がる。これを繰り返すことで品質のより安定した液状石鹸が得られる。 When these are mixed and stirred with a chopper mixer, the viscosity of the mixture increases after a certain period of time, and the mixture changes from a slurry to a gel. After it becomes a gel, if you mix it for a certain period of time while incorporating air bubbles with a whip mixer, the overall volume will gradually increase, and the bulk volume (apparent volume including soap and air bubbles) will be the same as the original volume. This increases from 130% or more to 160% or more compared to . After that, by applying shear force with a chopper mixer and thoroughly kneading the mixture, a liquid detergent with fine particles and bubbles and stable fluidity can be obtained. Furthermore, if a liquid soap detergent obtained by kneading is left for several hours, the viscosity may increase, so if it is kneaded again after several hours, the viscosity decreases. By repeating this process, liquid soap with more stable quality can be obtained.

脂肪酸ナトリウム石鹸素地としてまるは油脂社製の粉末石鹸21重量部に、環状ペプチド界面活性剤としてカネカ社製のサーファクチンを0.2重量部、純水76重量部、増粘安定剤としてCMC0.1重量部、流動助剤としてホホバ油1.5重量部、酸化防止剤としてアスコルビン酸0.05重量部を加え、ホイップミキサーにより、30秒間撹拌を施すと、次第に粘度が上がり始める。 21 parts by weight of powdered soap made by Maruha Yushi Co., Ltd. as a sodium fatty acid soap base, 0.2 parts by weight of surfactin made by Kaneka Co., Ltd. as a cyclic peptide surfactant, 76 parts by weight of pure water, and 0.2 parts by weight of CMC as a thickening stabilizer. 1 part by weight, 1.5 parts by weight of jojoba oil as a flow aid, and 0.05 part by weight of ascorbic acid as an antioxidant are added, and when the mixture is stirred for 30 seconds using a whip mixer, the viscosity gradually begins to increase.

ある程度粘性を持つ流動体になったところで、ホイップミキサーによって気泡を巻き込みながらさらに3分間撹拌すると、全体の容積が増加しはじめ、かさ容積が元の容積と比較して150%以上に増加した。さらにその後回転数毎分5000回転以上のチョッパーミキサーで10分間攪拌して、液状の石鹸が得られた。10時間静置した後、粘度が上がった液状の石鹸をさらに回転数毎分5000回転以上のチョッパーミキサーで10分間攪拌して安定化した液状の石鹸Aを得た。 Once the fluid had become somewhat viscous, it was further stirred for 3 minutes while incorporating air bubbles with a whip mixer, and the overall volume began to increase, with the bulk volume increasing by more than 150% compared to the original volume. Thereafter, the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes using a chopper mixer at a rotation speed of 5,000 rpm or more to obtain a liquid soap. After standing still for 10 hours, the liquid soap with increased viscosity was further stirred for 10 minutes with a chopper mixer at a rotation speed of 5000 revolutions per minute or more to obtain stabilized liquid soap A.

比較例として、増粘安定剤としてキサンタンガム、流動助剤としてグリセリン、ミキサーとして回転数1300回転のテーブルミキサーによって混錬し、液状の石鹸Bを得た。 As a comparative example, liquid soap B was obtained by kneading xanthan gum as a thickening stabilizer, glycerin as a flow aid, and a table mixer with a rotation speed of 1300 revolutions as a mixer.

その結果、気泡の大きさにおいて、石鹸Aは石鹸Bよりもきめ細かく、使用感において、石鹸Bは石鹸Aに比べてべたつき感があり、石鹸Aは石鹸Bよりも発泡性が高かった。安定性においては、石鹸Aは37℃において1か月間変化がなく、1℃においてやや粘度が上がったものの、ポンプ吐出と使用上は問題が生じなかった。一方石鹸Bは37℃において水が分離し、1℃において粘度が上がり、吐出がやや難しくなった。 As a result, soap A had finer bubbles than soap B in terms of bubble size, soap B had a more sticky feel than soap A, and soap A had higher foaming properties than soap B. In terms of stability, Soap A did not change for one month at 37°C, and although the viscosity increased slightly at 1°C, there were no problems with pump discharge and use. On the other hand, in Soap B, water separated at 37°C and the viscosity increased at 1°C, making it somewhat difficult to dispense.

本発明は家庭用品や化粧品だけにとどまらず、工業用品、医療向けなど、流動性を有した脂肪酸ナトリウム系洗浄剤を利用する商品には広く利用することができる。 The present invention can be widely applied not only to household products and cosmetics, but also to industrial products, medical products, and other products that use fluid sodium fatty acid detergents.

Claims (2)

脂肪酸ナトリウム石鹸素地10~35重量部、環状ペプチド界面活性剤0.01~5重量部、水65~90重量部、増粘安定剤0.01~1重量部、油脂、グリセリン又はホホバ油である流動助剤0.5~5重量部を加え、起泡を導入しながら容量が元の容積と比較して130%から160%に増加するまで攪拌し、さらにせん断刃つきミキサーで撹拌した後、1時間以上静置し、再度せん断刃つきミキサーで撹拌して製造することを特徴とする流動性を有した脂肪酸ナトリウム石鹸を基材とした洗剤の製造方法10 to 35 parts by weight of sodium fatty acid soap base, 0.01 to 5 parts by weight of cyclic peptide surfactant, 65 to 90 parts by weight of water, 0.01 to 1 part by weight of thickening stabilizer, fat, oil, glycerin or jojoba oil. Add 0.5 to 5 parts by weight of flow aid, stir while introducing foaming until the volume increases from 130% to 160% compared to the original volume , and further stir with a mixer with shear blades, 1. A method for producing a detergent based on a fluid sodium fatty acid soap, which is produced by allowing the detergent to stand for at least one hour and stirring again using a mixer with shear blades. 請求項1の各成分の配合条件が、脂肪酸ナトリウム石鹸素地15~25重量部、環状ペプチド界面活性剤0.1~1重量部、水70~80重量部、増粘安定剤0.05~0.2重量部、流動助剤1~3重量部であり、せん断刃つきミキサーの回転数が毎分5000回転以上であり、環状ペプチド界面活性剤がサーファクチンであり、増粘安定剤がカルボキシメチルセルロースであり、流動助剤がホホバ油であり、撹拌前後の容量変化が140%以上に増加することを特徴とする流動性を有した脂肪酸ナトリウム石鹸を基材とした洗剤の製造方法
The blending conditions of each component of claim 1 are: 15 to 25 parts by weight of sodium fatty acid soap base, 0.1 to 1 part by weight of cyclic peptide surfactant, 70 to 80 parts by weight of water, and 0.05 to 0 parts by weight of thickening stabilizer. .2 parts by weight, 1 to 3 parts by weight of flow aid, the rotation speed of the mixer with shear blades is 5000 revolutions per minute or more, the cyclic peptide surfactant is surfactin, and the thickening stabilizer is carboxymethyl cellulose. A method for producing a detergent based on a sodium fatty acid soap having fluidity, characterized in that the fluidity aid is jojoba oil, and the volume change before and after stirring increases to 140% or more.
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000327591A (en) 1998-05-29 2000-11-28 Showa Denko Kk Surfactant for skin preparation for external use and skin preparation for external use containing the same
JP2004513958A (en) 2000-11-24 2004-05-13 ウエラ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト Cosmetic or dermatological agent in the form of a creamy permanent foam or a stable foam cream
JP2014148512A (en) 2011-12-28 2014-08-21 Neige Corporation:Kk Gel/semi-solid detergent
JP2014193992A (en) 2013-02-28 2014-10-09 Sanwa Chemical Industry Co Ltd Oil-rich solid soap
JP2016027026A (en) 2014-06-30 2016-02-18 ロート製薬株式会社 External preparation
JP2017057287A (en) 2015-09-17 2017-03-23 尾池 哲郎 Fatty acid sodium soap having fluidity

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US4859358A (en) * 1988-06-09 1989-08-22 The Procter & Gamble Company Liquid automatic dishwashing compositions containing metal salts of hydroxy fatty acids providing silver protection

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2000327591A (en) 1998-05-29 2000-11-28 Showa Denko Kk Surfactant for skin preparation for external use and skin preparation for external use containing the same
JP2004513958A (en) 2000-11-24 2004-05-13 ウエラ アクチェンゲゼルシャフト Cosmetic or dermatological agent in the form of a creamy permanent foam or a stable foam cream
JP2014148512A (en) 2011-12-28 2014-08-21 Neige Corporation:Kk Gel/semi-solid detergent
JP2014193992A (en) 2013-02-28 2014-10-09 Sanwa Chemical Industry Co Ltd Oil-rich solid soap
JP2016027026A (en) 2014-06-30 2016-02-18 ロート製薬株式会社 External preparation
JP2017057287A (en) 2015-09-17 2017-03-23 尾池 哲郎 Fatty acid sodium soap having fluidity

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