JP7269349B2 - 塩素製造用酸化ルテニウム担持触媒の製造方法及びそれにより製造された触媒 - Google Patents
塩素製造用酸化ルテニウム担持触媒の製造方法及びそれにより製造された触媒 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title claims description 80
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 47
- WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N ruthenium(iv) oxide Chemical compound O=[Ru]=O WOCIAKWEIIZHES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 36
- 229910001925 ruthenium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 34
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 32
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 32
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 64
- KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ruthenium Chemical compound [Ru] KJTLSVCANCCWHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 58
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 58
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 239000010412 oxide-supported catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000003304 ruthenium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000012498 ultrapure water Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000011068 loading method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 6
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- BIXNGBXQRRXPLM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(3+);trichloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.Cl[Ru](Cl)Cl BIXNGBXQRRXPLM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 6
- 229910021642 ultra pure water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000013341 scale-up Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052684 Cerium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000001476 alcoholic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cerium Chemical compound [Ce] GWXLDORMOJMVQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 150000004820 halides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- -1 halogenates Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003138 primary alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 2
- YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K ruthenium(iii) chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Cl-].[Ru+3] YBCAZPLXEGKKFM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004438 BET method Methods 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000007138 Deacon process reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005526 G1 to G0 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000001805 chlorine compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005470 impregnation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004715 keto acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000484 niobium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N niobium(5+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Nb+5].[Nb+5] URLJKFSTXLNXLG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000007 visual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/38—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals
- B01J23/40—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of noble metals of the platinum group metals
- B01J23/46—Ruthenium, rhodium, osmium or iridium
- B01J23/462—Ruthenium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/02—Impregnation, coating or precipitation
- B01J37/0201—Impregnation
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- B01J21/00—Catalysts comprising the elements, oxides, or hydroxides of magnesium, boron, aluminium, carbon, silicon, titanium, zirconium, or hafnium
- B01J21/06—Silicon, titanium, zirconium or hafnium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
- B01J21/063—Titanium; Oxides or hydroxides thereof
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- B01J35/30—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
- B01J35/396—Distribution of the active metal ingredient
- B01J35/397—Egg shell like
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- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
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- B01J35/612—Surface area less than 10 m2/g
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- B01J35/613—10-100 m2/g
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- B01J37/0009—Use of binding agents; Moulding; Pressing; Powdering; Granulating; Addition of materials ameliorating the mechanical properties of the product catalyst
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- B01J6/00—Heat treatments such as Calcining; Fusing ; Pyrolysis
- B01J6/001—Calcining
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C01B—NON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
- C01B7/00—Halogens; Halogen acids
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Description
S:上記点(A)から同一水平断面の中心までの直線上に測定される距離であって、点(A)から酸化ルテニウム成分が無くなる点(B)までの距離
<担体の製造>
チタニア粉末40.0gと有機バインダ0.8g、60℃に加熱した超純水29.0g及びチタニアゾル5.0gと混合させた。得られた化合物を直径2.0mmφの麺状ストランドに圧出し、60℃空気中で2時間乾燥させた後、2~4mm長さの成形体に切断した。得られた成形体を600℃空気中で3時間の間焼成させた。
上記得られたチタニア担体5.0gに塩化ルテニウム水和物0.2gを1-プロパノール1.33gに溶解して製造した溶液を含浸させた後、100℃空気中で4時間の間乾燥させた。乾燥された固体を空気流下の電気炉で350℃焼成(calcination)を3時間経た後、徐々に室温まで冷却させて最終的に酸化ルテニウム含有量が2.0重量部である酸化ルテニウム触媒を得た。また、VMSによって測定したルテニウム成分の外表面担持程度は0.32であった。
上記得られた酸化ルテニウム担持触媒0.3gを直径2mmのα-アルミナボール1.5gで希釈させて石英製の反応管(内径8mm)に充填した。上記反応管に触媒層を300℃の温度で加熱し常圧下に塩化水素及び酸素気体をそれぞれ22.5mL/minの速度で供給して反応を実行した。反応開始2時間後の時点で、反応管出口の気体を15%ヨウ化カリウム水溶液に流通させることによりサンプリングを10分の間実行した。続いて、ヨウ素滴定法で塩素の生成量を測定し、下記[数式2]によって塩化水素の転化率を計算し、結果を表1に示した。
実施例1で得た触媒に対して触媒層の温度を283℃で使用したことを除けば実施例1と同じ方式で、初期活性評価を実行した。結果を[表1]に示した。
実施例1で得た担体5.0gに塩化ルテニウム水和物0.067gを1-プロパノール0.44gに溶解して製造した溶液を含浸させた後、100℃空気中で4時間の間乾燥させた。上記担持方法を3回繰り返した。乾燥された固体を空気流下の電気炉で350℃焼成(calcination)を3時間経た後、徐々に室温まで冷却させて最終的に酸化ルテニウム含有量が2.0重量部である酸化ルテニウム触媒を得た。また、VMSによって測定したルテニウム成分の外表面担持程度は1であった。
<酸化ルテニウム担持触媒の製造>
チタニア粉末5.0gに塩化ルテニウム水和物0.2gを1-プロパノール1.05gに溶解して製造した溶液を含浸させた後、100℃空気中で4時間の間乾燥させた。乾燥された固体を空気中電気炉で350℃焼成(calcination)を3時間経た後、徐々に室温まで冷却させて最終的に酸化ルテニウム含有量が2.0重量部である酸化ルテニウム触媒を得た。
上記得た酸化ルテニウム担持触媒0.3gをチタニア粉末0.6gで希釈させて石英製の反応管(内径8mm)に充填した。上記反応管に、触媒層を250℃の温度で加熱し常圧下に塩化水素及び酸素気体をそれぞれ22.5mL/minの速度で供給して反応を実行した。反応開始2時間後の時点で、反応管出口の気体を15%ヨウ化カリウム水溶液に流通させることで、サンプリングを10分の間実行した。続いて、ヨウ素滴定法で塩素の生成量を測定して塩化水素の転化率を計算して[表2]に示した。
酸化ルテニウム担持触媒の製造時、塩化ルテニウム水和物0.2gを超純水1.65gに溶解して製造した水溶液を使用したことを除けば、実施例1と同じ方式で酸化ルテニウム担持触媒を製造した。VMSによって測定したルテニウム成分の外表面担持程度は1であった。得られた酸化ルテニウム担持触媒に対して、実施例1と同じ方式で、初期活性評価を実行した。結果を[表1]に示した。
酸化ルテニウム担持触媒の製造時、塩化ルテニウム水和物0.2gを超純水1.3gに溶解して製造した水溶液を使用したことを除けば、実施例4と同じ方式で酸化ルテニウム担持触媒を製造した。得られた酸化ルテニウム担持触媒に対して、実施例4と同じ方式で、初期活性評価を実行した。結果を[表2]に示した。
酸化ルテニウム担持触媒の製造時、塩化ルテニウム水和物0.2gをエタノール1.3gに溶解して製造した溶液を使用したことを除けば、実施例1と同じ方式で酸化ルテニウム担持触媒を製造した。VMSによって測定したルテニウム成分の外表面担持程度は0.41であった。得られた酸化ルテニウム担持触媒に対して、実施例1と同じ方式で、初期活性評価を実行した。結果を[表1]に示した。
Claims (9)
- 塩素製造用の酸化ルテニウム触媒であって、
(a)ルテニウム化合物を1-プロパノールに溶解して溶液を製造してチタニア及びアルミナから選択される少なくとも1つ以上の担体に担持させるステップ;
(b)前記担持させるステップの後、乾燥するステップ;及び
(c)前記乾燥するステップの後、焼成するステップを含む酸化ルテニウム担持触媒の製造方法。 - 前記(a)ステップのチタニア担体は比表面積が5~300m2/gであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の酸化ルテニウム担持触媒の製造方法。
- 前記(b)ステップの乾燥は80~120℃の空気条件で3~5時間の間行われることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の酸化ルテニウム担持触媒の製造方法。
- 前記(c)ステップの後、完成された触媒全体100重量部に対して、酸化ルテニウム5重量部以下で含むことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の酸化ルテニウム担持触媒の製造方法。
- 前記(c)ステップの焼成は300~400℃で2~4時間の間行った後、室温まで冷却させることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の酸化ルテニウム担持触媒の製造方法。
- 前記塩素製造用は塩化水素を酸化させて塩素を製造することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の酸化ルテニウム担持触媒の製造方法。
- 前記酸化ルテニウム担持触媒は担持するステップの後、乾燥前の触媒全体100重量部に対して、前記担体は70~80重量部、前記ルテニウム化合物は5重量部以下、前記1-プロパノールは15~25重量部であることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の酸化ルテニウム担持触媒の製造方法。
- 前記請求項1に記載の製造方法で製造された触媒の存在下における塩化水素の酸化による塩素の製造方法。
- 前記塩素の製造方法で、反応温度は200~300℃であることを特徴とする請求項8に記載の塩化水素の酸化による塩素の製造方法。
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