JP7268440B2 - フェライト焼結磁石及びこれを備える回転電気機械 - Google Patents
フェライト焼結磁石及びこれを備える回転電気機械 Download PDFInfo
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Description
Bの含有量が、B2O3換算で、0.005~0.9質量%であり、
Znの含有量が、ZnO換算で、0.01~1.2質量%である。
11.3≦[Fe]/[Sr]≦13.1を満たすことができる。
Fe、Mn、Zn、Cr、及び、Alの合計原子濃度を[Fe+Mn+Zn+Cr+Al]、
Si、及び、Bの合計原子濃度を[Si+B]、及び、
Z=([Ca+Sr+Ba]-[Fe+Mn+Zn+Cr+Al]/12)/[Si+B]と表したときに、
0.1≦Z≦3.25を満たすことができる。
本発明の実施形態に係るフェライト焼結磁石は、Fe、Sr、B、Znを少なくとも含む酸化物である。
フェライト焼結磁石におけるFeの含有量は、Fe2O3換算で、好ましくは80~95質量%であり、より好ましくは87~90質量%である。上記範囲とすることにより良好な磁気特性が得られる。
Fe、Mn、Zn、Cr、及び、Alの合計原子濃度を[Fe+Mn+Zn+Cr+Al]、
Si、及び、Bの合計原子濃度を[Si+B]、及び、
Z=([Ca+Sr+Ba]-[Fe+Mn+Zn+Cr+Al]/12)/[Si+B]と表したときに、
0.1≦Z≦3.25を満たすことができる。
SrFe12O19 (2)
上式(2)のM型SrフェライトにおけるAサイトのSr及びBサイトのFeは、他の元素によって、その一部が置換されていてもよい。
Sr1-zRz(Fe12-xMx)yO19 (3)
続いて、図2に本発明の一実施形態に係るモータを示す。モータ200は、ステータ31と、ロータ32と、を備える。ロータ32は、シャフト36及びロータコア37を有する。本実施形態のモータ200では、ステータ31に永久磁石であるC字型のフェライト焼結磁石100が設けられ、ロータ32のロータコア37に電磁石(コイル)が設けられている。
次に、フェライト焼結磁石の製造方法の一例を説明する。フェライト焼結磁石の製造方法は、配合工程、仮焼工程、粉砕工程、磁場中成形工程及び焼成工程を有する。以下、各工程の詳細を説明する。
Srを含む粉末の例は、SrCO3、及び、SrOである。
Siを含む粉末の例は、SiO2である。
Caを含む粉末の例は、CaCO3、及び、CaOである。
Znを含む粉末の例は、ZnOである。
Bを含む粉末の例は、B2O3、及び、H3BO3である。
なお、最終製品となるフェライト焼結磁石中に含有されてもよいCr、Mn、Al、Baなどの少量添加元素は、上記の粉末中にあらかじめ含まれることができる。上記粉末においてこれらの少量添加元素が足りない場合には、必要に応じて、Crを含む粉末(Cr2O3)、Mnを含む粉末(MnO),Alを含む粉末(Al2O3)、Baを含む粉末(BaO)などを配合工程に添加して、仮焼用の混合粉末を得ることが出来る。
まず、以下の出発原料を準備した。
・Fe2O3粉末(一次粒子径:0.3μm)
・SrCO3粉末(一次粒子径:2μm)
・SiO2粉末(一次粒子径:0.01μm)
・CaCO3粉末
・ZnO粉末
・B2O3粉末
Fe2O3粉末1000g、SrCO3粉末161g、CaCO3粉末12.1g、SiO2粉末4.33g、ZnO粉末3.5g、及び、B2O3粉末1.95gを、湿式アトライタを用いて粉砕しながら混合し、乾燥及び整粒を行った。このようにして得られた粉末を、大気中、1250℃で1時間焼成し、顆粒状の仮焼物を得た。乾式振動ロッドミルを用いて、この仮焼物を粗粉砕して、BET法による比表面積が1m2/gの粉末を調製した。
B2O3粉末の添加量を変える以外は実施例1と同様にして、実施例2~10、及び、比較例1、2の磁石を得た。
ZnO粉末の添加量を変える以外は実施例5と同様にして、実施例11~18、及び、比較例3、4の磁石を得た。
SiO2粉末の添加量を変える以外は実施例5と同様にして、実施例21~29の磁石を得た。
CaO粉末の添加量を変える以外は実施例5と同様にして、実施例31~38の磁石を得た。
Fe2O3粉末とSrCO3粉末との添加比率を変える以外は実施例5と同様にして、実施例41~49の磁石を得た。
Cr含有量の少ない原料銘柄を選択することによりCrの添加量を減らす以外は実施例5と同様として、実施例51の磁石を得た。Cr2O3粉末の添加により、Crの添加量を増やす以外は、実施例5と同様として、実施例52の磁石を得た。
Mn含有量の少ない原料銘柄を選択することによりMnの添加量を減らす以外は実施例5と同様として、実施例53の磁石を得た。MnO粉末の添加により、Mnの添加量を増やす以外は、実施例5と同様として、実施例54の磁石を得た。
<組成分析>
作製した各実施例及び各比較例のフェライト焼結磁石の組成を誘導結合プラズマ発光分光分析(ICP分析)によって測定した。フェライト焼結磁石は、Fe,Sr,Si,Ca、Zn、B等の他に、出発原料に含まれる不純物に由来する元素(Ba、Al,Mn,Cr等)が検出された。
作製した円柱形状のフェライト焼結磁石の上下面を加工した後、最大印加磁場25kOeのB-Hトレーサを用いて20℃での磁気特性を測定した。測定では、残留磁束密度(Br)及び保磁力(HcJ)を求めるとともに、残留磁束密度(Br)の90%になるときの外部磁界強度(Hk)を測定し、これに基づいて角型比(Hk/HcJ)(%)を求めた。各実施例及び比較例において、焼成温度1180℃、1195℃及び1210℃でそれぞれ作製したフェライト焼結磁石のうち、最も残留磁束密度(Br)と角型比(Hk/HcJ)のバランスの良い1195℃で作製したフェライト焼結磁石の磁気特性を表1~6に示す。
以下の条件により、3点曲げ試験によりフェライト焼結磁石の抗折強度(σ)を測定した。まず、上記円柱形状のフェライト焼結磁石とは別に、図3の(a)に示すような弧状のフェライト焼結磁石S(長さLは34mm、幅Wは25.5mm、厚みTは3.7mm、弧を含む円を想定した場合の円の中心から弧の両端部に引いた接線間の角度Rは130度)を準備した。なお、焼成温度は1195℃とした。
次に、図3の(b)に示すように、水平な台70の上に弧状のフェライト焼結磁石Sを置き、治具72により上方より下方に向けて矢印の方向に荷重Fを与えて(速度3mm/min)、フェライト焼結磁石Sが破壊されたときの破壊最大荷重F[N]を測定し、下記式より抗折強度(σ)を求めた。抗折強度(σ)は、サンプル30個の平均値である。
σ[N/mm2]=3×L×F/(2×W×T2)
各表の強度評価の欄において、○は抗折強度が150N/mm2よりも大きいことを示し、×は150N/mm2以下であることを示す。
Claims (9)
- 六方晶構造を有するM型Srフェライトを主相として含むフェライト焼結磁石であって、
希土類元素及びCoを実質的に含まず、
Naの含有量が、Na 2 O換算で、0.005質量%以下であり、
Bの含有量が、B2O3換算で、0.005~0.9質量%であり、
Znの含有量が、ZnO換算で、0.01~1.2質量%である、フェライト焼結磁石。 - Siの含有量が、SiO2換算で、0.05~1.3質量%である、請求項1に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。
- Caの含有量が、CaO換算で、0.15~2.0質量%である、請求項1または2に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。
- Feの原子濃度を[Fe]、Srの原子濃度を[Sr]と表したときに、
11.3≦[Fe]/[Sr]≦13.1を満たす、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。 - B、Ca、及び、Znの合計原子濃度を[B+Ca+Zn]、Siの原子濃度を[Si]と表したときに、
0.92≦[B+Ca+Zn]/[Si]≦11.45を満たす、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。 - Ca、Sr、及び、Baの合計原子濃度を[Ca+Sr+Ba]、
Fe、Mn、Zn、Cr、及び、Alの合計原子濃度を[Fe+Mn+Zn+Cr+Al]、
Si、及び、Bの合計原子濃度を[Si+B]、及び、
Z=([Ca+Sr+Ba]-[Fe+Mn+Zn+Cr+Al]/12)/[Si+B]と表したときに、
0.1≦Z≦3.25を満たす、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。 - MnをMnO換算で0.25~1.5質量%含有する、請求項1~6のいずれか1項に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。
- CrをCr2O3換算で0.03~0.2質量%含有する、請求項1~7のいずれか1項に記載のフェライト焼結磁石。
- 請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のフェライト焼結磁石を備える回転電気機械。
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