JP7260854B2

JP7260854B2 - robot hand

Info

Publication number: JP7260854B2
Application number: JP2020059557A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 庸介田中
Original assignee: Daifuku Co Ltd
Current assignee: Daifuku Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-03-30
Filing date: 2020-03-30
Publication date: 2023-04-19
Anticipated expiration: 2040-03-30
Also published as: JP2021154464A

Description

本発明は、開閉運動する複数のワーク把持具によってワークを把持するロボットハンドに関するものである。 BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a robot hand that grips a workpiece with a plurality of workpiece grippers that open and close.

この種のロボットハンドとしては、ワーク把持空間の周囲に配置されて当該ワーク把持空間に対して接近離間運動する少なくとも２つのワーク把持具を備え、各ワーク把持具は、接近離間運動制御される平行揺動アームとこの平行揺動アームの内側に取り付けられたワーク把持部材とから構成されている構造のものが一般的に知られている。参考までに引用した特許文献１に記載のものは、前記ワーク把持部材として、ワーク表面に対する吸着作用のある特殊構造のものが使用されているが、一般的には、金属製のワーク把持部材か又はそのワーク接触面に弾性材を装着したものが一般的である。 This type of robot hand includes at least two workpiece grippers arranged around a workpiece gripping space and moving toward and away from the workpiece gripping space. A generally known structure is composed of a swing arm and a workpiece gripping member mounted inside the parallel swing arm. The work-holding member described in Patent Document 1 cited for reference uses a work-holding member having a special structure that has an adsorption effect on the surface of the work. Alternatively, it is common to attach an elastic material to the work contact surface.

特開2019-025643号公報JP 2019-025643 A

上記のような従来周知のロボットハンドでは、把持したワークに対する持ち上げ力は、ワーク把持部材表面とワーク表面との間の摩擦力も大きく関連するが、基本的にはワーク把持部材がワークを挟み付けた後のワークに対する押圧力によって決まるので、例えば空ペットボトルのように軽量で且つワークの外殻の強度が弱いような軽弱ワークの場合は、ワークに対する押圧力を小さくしなければ当該ワークをワーク把持部材によって押し潰してしまう恐れが生じ、このような問題を回避するためにワークに対する押圧力を小さくした場合、例えば収容液が満杯の実ペットボトルのように重量が大きく且つワークの外殻の強度が十分な重強ワークの場合に、ワーク把持部材で当該重強ワークを把持して吊り上げるときに当該重強ワークが滑り落ちてしまうことになる。従って、取り扱うワークが上記のように軽弱ワークから重強ワークまで多種多様になる場合は、取り扱うワークが軽弱ワークであるか重強ワークであるかに応じて、ワーク把持部材がワークを把持するときのワークに対する押圧力を変えなければならず、現実的ではなかった。 In the conventionally known robot hand as described above, the lifting force for the gripped workpiece is largely related to the frictional force between the surfaces of the workpiece gripping members. Since it is determined by the pressing force on the subsequent work, for example, in the case of a light and weak work such as an empty PET bottle whose outer shell strength is weak, the pressing force on the work must be made small. If the pressing force against the work is reduced to avoid such a problem, the weight of the work is large and the outer shell of the work is large, such as a real PET bottle full of the liquid contained therein. In the case of a heavy work having sufficient strength, the heavy work slips down when the work gripping member grips and lifts the heavy work. Therefore, when the work to be handled is diverse from light and weak to heavy as described above, the work gripping member grips the work according to whether the work to be handled is light or weak or heavy. It was not realistic because the pressing force on the workpiece had to be changed.

本発明は、上記のような従来の問題点を解消することのできるロボットハンドを提案するものであって、第一の本発明に係るロボットハンドは、後述する実施例との関係を理解し易くするために、当該実施例の説明において使用した参照符号を括弧付きで付して示すと、ワーク把持空間(S)の周囲に配置されて当該ワーク把持空間(S)に対して接近離間運動する少なくとも２つのワーク把持具(2,3)を備え、各ワーク把持具(2,3)は、接近離間運動制御される平行揺動アーム(5)とこの平行揺動アーム(5)に取り付けられたワーク把持部材(8)とから構成されているロボットハンドであって、前記平行揺動アーム(5)側に、下側ほどワーク把持空間(S)に接近するように傾斜した傾斜昇降経路（スライドレール(22)）が設けられ、前記ワーク把持部材(8)は、前記傾斜昇降経路に沿って昇降自在に支持され、このワーク把持部材(8)を上向きに付勢して、傾斜昇降経路の下端より上方に設定された定常位置に保持するワーク把持部材付勢手段（引張コイルスプリング(30)）が併設され、前記ワーク把持部材(8)のワークに圧接する表面も前記傾斜昇降経路と同じ向きに傾斜しているロボットハンドにおいて、前記平行揺動アーム(5)のワーク把持空間(S)側には支持部材(21)が設けられ、この支持部材(21)は、前記ワーク把持部材(8)を前記傾斜昇降経路に沿って昇降自在に支持するものであって、起立姿勢と前記ワーク把持空間(S)から離れる側に一定角度傾斜した傾斜姿勢との間でのみ揺動可能に、下端側が前記平行揺動アーム(5)に軸支され、この支持部材(21)を前記起立姿勢に付勢保持する支持部材付勢手段（板状磁石(33a,33b)）が設けられた構成になっている。 The present invention proposes a robot hand capable of solving the conventional problems as described above. In order to do so, the reference numerals used in the description of the embodiment are shown in parentheses, and are arranged around the workpiece gripping space (S) and move toward and away from the workpiece gripping space (S). At least two workpiece grippers (2, 3) are provided, and each workpiece gripper (2, 3) is attached to a parallel swing arm (5) whose approach and separation movements are controlled and the parallel swing arm (5). The robot hand is composed of a workpiece gripping member (8), and an inclined elevating path ( A slide rail (22) is provided, and the workpiece gripping member (8) is supported so as to be vertically movable along the inclined elevating path. A work-holding member biasing means (extension coil spring (30)) is provided to hold the work-holding member in a stationary position set above the lower end, and the surface of the work-holding member (8) that presses against the work is also the inclined elevating path. In the robot hand inclined in the same direction, a support member (21) is provided on the work gripping space (S) side of the parallel swing arm (5). (8) is supported so as to be able to move up and down along the inclined elevating path, and is swingable only between a standing posture and an inclined posture inclined at a certain angle to the side away from the workpiece gripping space (S). , the lower end side of which is pivotally supported by the parallel swing arm (5), and is provided with support member biasing means (plate magnets (33a, 33b)) for biasing and holding the support member (21) in the standing posture. It is configured.

上記本発明の構成によれば、傾斜昇降経路上の定常位置に保持されているワーク把持具がワーク把持空間内に存在するワークに接近移動して、複数のワーク把持具のワーク把持部材でワークを把持し終わったならば、ロボットハンドが上昇して把持しているワークを吊り上げ、目的の場所に搬送することになるが、把持しているワークが吊り上げられるとき、取り扱うワークが軽弱ワークであって、ワーク把持部材と当該軽弱ワークとの間の摩擦力に抗して当該軽弱ワークがワーク把持部材から相対的に滑り落ちる状況ではない場合、当該軽弱ワークは、前記定常位置にあるワーク把持部材によって把持された状態で搬送される。 According to the configuration of the present invention, the work gripper held at the stationary position on the inclined elevating path moves closer to the work existing in the work gripping space, and the work gripping members of the plurality of work grippers move the work. Once the robot hand has finished gripping, the robot hand rises, lifts the gripped work, and transports it to the target location. When there is no situation in which the light or weak workpiece relatively slides down from the workpiece gripping member against the frictional force between the workpiece gripping member and the light or weak workpiece, the light or weak workpiece is in the steady position. The workpiece is conveyed while being gripped by the workpiece gripping member.

取り扱うワークが重強ワークである場合は、当該重強ワークを把持し終わった後にロボットハンドを上昇させて当該重強ワークを吊り上げようとしたとき、当該重強ワークがワーク把持部材との間の摩擦力に打ち勝って重力でワーク把持部材に対し相対的に滑り落ちようとする。各ワーク把持部材は前記傾斜昇降径路に支持されていて、そのワークに圧接する表面も前記傾斜昇降径路と同じ向きに傾斜しているので、滑り落ちようとする重強ワークとワーク把持部材とが一体になって、前記傾斜昇降径路に沿って前記付勢手段の付勢力に抗して降下することになる。この結果、重強ワークを把持している各ワーク把持部材がワーク把持空間内に向かって平行移動することになるので、結果的に各ワーク把持部材が重強ワークを締め付けることになり、重強ワークに対するワーク把持部材の押圧力が増大し、重強ワークがワーク把持部材に対して降下するのが抑止される。従って、この後のロボットハンドのワーク搬送運動により、重強ワークを不測に滑り落とすことなく安全確実に搬送することが出来る。 If the work to be handled is a heavy work, when the robot hand is raised to lift the heavy work after having finished gripping the heavy work, the heavy work and the work gripping member will be separated from each other. It tries to slide down relative to the workpiece gripping member by gravity, overcoming the frictional force. Each workpiece gripping member is supported on the inclined hoisting path, and the surface that presses against the workpiece is also inclined in the same direction as the sloping hoisting path, so that the heavy workpiece that is about to slide down and the workpiece gripping member Together they descend along the inclined hoist path against the biasing force of the biasing means. As a result, each workpiece gripping member gripping the heavy work moves in parallel toward the work gripping space. The pressing force of the work gripping member against the work is increased, and the heavy work is prevented from falling on the work gripping member. Therefore, by the work conveying motion of the robot hand after this, the heavy work can be safely and reliably conveyed without unexpectedly slipping down.

更に本発明の構成によれば、ワーク把持部材(8)は、平行揺動アーム(5)に対して傾斜昇降径路に沿って昇降のみ可能に支持されているのではなく、平行揺動アーム(5)に対して起立姿勢と傾斜姿勢との間で揺動自在で普段は付勢手段によって起立姿勢に保持されている支持部材(21)に、傾斜昇降径路に沿って昇降可能に支持されているので、後述の実施例で説明しているように取り扱うワークが上広がりの椀状ワークの場合であっても、当該上広がりの椀状ワークを確実に把持させることができる。前記支持部材(21)を前記起立姿勢に付勢保持する付勢手段は、支持部材(21)の上端内側面と、この支持部材(21)の上端内側面に対面する平行揺動アーム(5)の内側面（具体的には第一支持部材２０の底板部２０ａの上端内側面）とに張り付けられた、互いに反発し合う極性の板状磁石(33a,33b)で構成することができるが、実施例では、ワーク把持部材を上向きに付勢して、傾斜昇降経路の下端より上方に設定された定常位置に保持する付勢手段（引張コイルバネ３０）の付勢力も、前記支持部材(21)を起立姿勢に付勢保持させるのに役立つように構成している。尚、本発明を実施する場合、以上のような結果が得られるように、前記傾斜昇降径路及びワーク把持部材枠圧接面の傾斜角度、前記定常位置から傾斜昇降径路の下端迄の長さ、ワーク把持具のワーク把持動作を自動停止させるタイミングなどを決定しなければならない。ワーク把持動作を自動停止させるタイミングは、ワーク側に接近移動するワーク把持部材がワークを押圧し始めた時点から漸増する反力（平行揺動アーム側が受ける反力）の大きさが設定圧になったときであって、取り扱うワークの各種性状に応じて設定される。 Furthermore, according to the configuration of the present invention, the workpiece gripping member (8) is not supported only up and down along the inclined lifting path with respect to the parallel swing arm (5), but is supported by the parallel swing arm (5). With respect to 5), the support member (21), which is swingable between a standing posture and an inclined posture and is normally held in the standing posture by a biasing means, is supported so as to be able to ascend and descend along the inclined hoist path. Therefore, even if the work to be handled is a bowl-shaped work that spreads upward, as will be described later, the bowl-shaped work that spreads upward can be reliably gripped. The urging means for urging and holding the support member (21) in the standing posture includes the upper inner surface of the support member (21) and the parallel swing arm (5) facing the upper inner surface of the support member (21). ) (specifically, the inner surface of the upper end of the bottom plate portion 20a of the first support member 20). In the embodiment, the urging force of the urging means (tension coil spring 30) for urging the work gripping member upward and holding it in a stationary position set above the lower end of the inclined elevating path is also the urging force of the support member (21). ) in a standing posture. In carrying out the present invention , in order to obtain the results described above, the inclination angle of the inclined elevation path and the workpiece gripping member frame pressing surface, the length from the normal position to the lower end of the inclined elevation path, and the workpiece The timing for automatically stopping the work gripping operation of the gripper must be determined. The timing for automatically stopping the workpiece gripping operation is when the magnitude of the reaction force (reaction force received by the parallel swing arm) that gradually increases from the point at which the workpiece gripping member moving closer to the workpiece starts pressing the workpiece reaches the set pressure. It is set according to various properties of the work to be handled.

上記本発明を実施する場合、具体的には、前記ワーク把持部材は、上下高さ方向に長い棒状弾性部材と、この棒状弾性部材のワーク把持空間に面する側を露出させて当該棒状弾性部材を保持する保持部材とから構成し、前記傾斜昇降経路は、前記平行揺動アーム側に取り付けられた支持部材と前記保持部材の背面との間に介在させたスライドレールによって構成することが出来る。この構成によれば、前記傾斜昇降経路を簡単に構成することが出来ると共に、前記棒状弾性部材を直接スライドレールに取り付けるよりも、スライドレールに対するワーク把持部材の取り付けが簡単容易に行える。しかも消耗品となる棒状弾性部材の交換や、取り扱うワークに対応して性状の異なる棒状弾性部材に交換する作業も簡単容易に行える。尚、棒状弾性部材としては、無垢や中空状のものなどの他、内部から排気することによりワーク表面に密着硬化するジャミング効果を備えたものなども利用出来る。 When carrying out the present invention, specifically, the workpiece gripping member includes a rod-shaped elastic member elongated in the vertical direction, and a side of the rod-shaped elastic member that faces the workpiece gripping space is exposed. and the inclined elevating path can be composed of a slide rail interposed between a support member attached to the parallel swing arm side and the back surface of the holding member. According to this configuration, the inclined elevating path can be easily constructed, and the workpiece gripping member can be easily attached to the slide rail rather than directly attaching the rod-like elastic member to the slide rail. Moreover, replacement of the rod-shaped elastic member, which is a consumable item, and replacement of the rod-shaped elastic member with a rod-shaped elastic member having different properties according to the work to be handled can be easily performed. As the rod-shaped elastic member, in addition to a solid or hollow member, a member having a jamming effect of adhering and hardening to the work surface by exhausting air from the inside can be used.

前記付勢手段は、前記ワーク把持部材の上端部と、これより上方で前記平行揺動アーム側に設けられたバネ係止部材との間に張設された引張コイルバネで構成することにより、容易に実施することが出来る。 The urging means can be easily configured by a tension coil spring stretched between the upper end of the work gripping member and a spring locking member provided above the upper end on the side of the parallel swing arm. can be implemented.

前記付勢手段によって保持される前記ワーク把持部材の定常位置は、前記ワーク把持部材の傾斜昇降経路の上端と一致させることも出来るが、当該傾斜昇降経路の中間高さに設定し、定常位置に保持されているワーク把持部材が上向きの外力を受けたときに前記ワーク把持部材が前記定常位置を超えて上昇移動出来るように構成することが出来る。この構成によれば、ワーク収納空間の底面上に載置されている極小のワークを把持させるような場合、ロボットハンドの降下停止位置精度が悪くてワーク把持部材の下端がワーク収納空間の底面上に突き当たるような状況になっても、ワーク把持部材が平行揺動アーム側に対して相対的に上方に逃げることが出来るので、ワーク把持部材に過大な軸方向圧縮応力が作用して損傷するような事態を回避出来る。 The normal position of the work gripping member held by the biasing means can be aligned with the upper end of the inclined elevating path of the work gripping member. The workpiece gripping member can be configured to move upward beyond the stationary position when the workpiece gripping member being held receives an upward external force. According to this configuration, when a very small work placed on the bottom surface of the work storage space is to be gripped, the lower end of the work gripping member is positioned above the bottom surface of the work storage space due to poor descent stop position accuracy of the robot hand. Even if the workpiece gripping member collides with the arm, the workpiece gripping member can escape upward relative to the side of the parallel swing arm. situation can be avoided.

上記の構成を採用する場合、前記引張コイルバネは、前記ワーク把持部材が前記定常位置を超えて上昇移動したときにくの字形に座屈屈曲するように張設し、前記ワーク把持部材の下端が受ける上向きの外力が無くなったとき、座屈屈曲した前記引張コイルバネが元の直線状に復帰するときの弾性力で、前記ワーク把持部材の前記定常位置までの下降を補助するように構成することが出来る。この構成によれば、前記引張コイルバネに、ワーク把持部材を前記定常位置まで上昇させる引き上げ作用と、前記定常位置より上昇したワーク把持部材を当該定常位置まで下降させる押し下げ作用とを共存させることが出来、それぞれの作用を担当する２種類のバネを使用する必要がなくなる。 When the above configuration is adopted, the extension coil spring is stretched so as to buckle and bend in a doglegged shape when the workpiece gripping member moves upward beyond the normal position, and the lower end of the workpiece gripping member When the upward external force received disappears, the elastic force of the buckled extension coil spring returning to its original straight shape may be used to assist the descent of the work gripping member to the steady position. I can. According to this configuration, the tension coil spring can have both a lifting action to raise the work-holding member to the steady position and a push-down action to lower the work-holding member raised from the steady position to the steady position. , eliminates the need to use two types of springs, each responsible for its own action.

前記付勢手段を引張コイルバネで構成する場合、その引張コイルバネは、前記バネ係止部材を横断貫通する貫通孔に貫通させると共に、この貫通孔の両端から延出している当該引張コイルバネの両端領域を下向きに折曲して門形に形成し、この門形の引張コイルバネの両下端を前記ワーク把持部材の上端部の両側に係止させることが出来る。この構成によれば、１本の引張コイルバネを使用しながら、２本の引張コイルバネを使用してワーク把持部材の上端部の両側を引き上げる構成と同じように、ワーク把持部材をバランス良く上向きに付勢することが出来る。又、２本の引張コイルバネを使用する場合と比較して、前記バネ係止部材に対する引張コイルバネの係止のために特別な金具が必要なくなり、引張コイルバネの取付け作業も容易になる。 When the urging means is composed of an extension coil spring, the extension coil spring is passed through a through hole that traverses through the spring locking member, and both end regions of the extension coil spring extending from both ends of the through hole are inserted. Both lower ends of the gate-shaped extension coil spring can be engaged with both sides of the upper end of the workpiece gripping member. According to this configuration, the workpiece gripping member is attached upward in a well-balanced manner in the same manner as the configuration in which one extension coil spring is used and two extension coil springs are used to pull up both sides of the upper end of the workpiece gripping member. can force. Also, in comparison with the case of using two extension coil springs, no special metal fittings are required to lock the extension coil springs to the spring locking member, and the mounting work of the extension coil springs becomes easier.

図１は、最大位置まで開いたロボットハンド全体の一部縦断正面図である。FIG. 1 is a partial longitudinal front view of the entire robot hand opened to the maximum position. 図２は、閉動限状態にあるロボットハンド全体の一部縦断正面図である。FIG. 2 is a partial longitudinal front view of the entire robot hand in the closed movement limit state. 図３は、閉動限状態にあるロボットハンドにおける片側の把持具を示す一部縦断側面図である。FIG. 3 is a partial vertical cross-sectional side view showing a gripper on one side of the robot hand in the closed movement limit state. 図４は、片側の把持具の分解縦断正面図である。FIG. 4 is an exploded vertical cross-sectional front view of a gripper on one side. 図５は、図１のＡ－Ａ線拡大断面図である。FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 図６は、図１のＢ－Ｂ線拡大断面図である。FIG. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 図７は、把持具下端の補助把持部を示す縦断正面図である。FIG. 7 is a longitudinal front view showing an auxiliary gripping portion at the lower end of the gripping tool. 図８は、図７のＣ－Ｃ線断面図である。8 is a cross-sectional view taken along line CC of FIG. 7. FIG. 図９は、補助把持部を構成する部品の斜視図である。FIG. 9 is a perspective view of parts constituting the auxiliary gripping portion. 図１０は、ロボットハンドが軽弱ワークとしての空ペットボトルを把持した状態のワーク把持具を示す一部縦断正面図である。FIG. 10 is a partial vertical cross-sectional front view showing the workpiece gripper in a state in which the robot hand grips an empty PET bottle as a light or weak workpiece. 図１１は、ロボットハンドが重強ワークとしての収容液が満杯の実ペットボトルを把持するときの第一段階におけるワーク把持具を示す一部縦断正面図である。FIG. 11 is a partial vertical cross-sectional front view showing the workpiece gripping tool in the first stage when the robot hand grips a real PET bottle full of the contained liquid as a heavy-duty workpiece. 図１２は、同上第二段階におけるワーク把持具を示す一部縦断正面図である。FIG. 12 is a partial vertical cross-sectional front view showing the workpiece gripper in the second stage of the same. 図１３は、小径キャップを備えたボトルを把持するときの第一段階におけるワーク把持具を示す一部縦断正面図である。FIG. 13 is a partially longitudinal front view showing the workpiece gripper in the first stage when gripping a bottle with a small-diameter cap. 図１４は、同上第二段階におけるワーク把持具を示す一部縦断正面図である。FIG. 14 is a partial vertical cross-sectional front view showing the workpiece gripper in the second stage of the same. 図１５Ａは、同上第三段階におけるワーク把持具を示す一部縦断正面図、図１５Ｂは、その要部の拡大図である。FIG. 15A is a partial vertical cross-sectional front view showing the workpiece gripping tool in the third stage of the same, and FIG. 15B is an enlarged view of the main part thereof. 図１６は、ロボットハンドが極小ワークを把持するときの第一段階におけるワーク把持具を示す一部縦断正面図である。FIG. 16 is a partially longitudinal front view showing the work gripping tool in the first stage when the robot hand grips a micro-work. 図１７は、同上第二段階におけるワーク把持具を示す一部縦断正面図である。FIG. 17 is a partial vertical cross-sectional front view showing the workpiece gripper in the second stage of the same. 図１８は、ロボットハンドが椀状ワークを把持するときの第一段階におけるワーク把持具を示す一部縦断正面図である。FIG. 18 is a partially longitudinal front view showing the workpiece gripper in the first stage when the robot hand grips the bowl-shaped workpiece. 図１９は、同上第二段階におけるワーク把持具を示す一部縦断正面図である。FIG. 19 is a partial vertical cross-sectional front view showing the workpiece gripper in the second stage of the same.

以下、本発明の実施例を添付図に基づいて説明すると、図１～図３において、１はハンド基部であって、例えば二次元水平面上の互いに直交するＸ方向とＹ方向とに移動制御される移動体に垂直Ｚ方向に昇降制御される昇降体が設けられたロボットハンド駆動機構における前記昇降体の下端に取り付けられる。この場合、昇降体の垂直軸心の周りにハンド基部１を回転制御可能に支持する構成や、昇降体の下端にハンド基部１を水平支軸の周りに一定角度範囲内で上下方向に回転制御可能に支持する構成なども必要に応じて組み込まれる。更に、多関節ロボットの三次元方向に任意に移動制御させることが出来る先端アームにハンド基部１を支持させて使用することも可能である。 1 to 3, reference numeral 1 denotes a hand base which is controlled to move, for example, in X and Y directions perpendicular to each other on a two-dimensional horizontal plane. It is attached to the lower end of the elevating body in the robot hand driving mechanism in which the elevating body that is controlled to move up and down in the vertical Z direction is provided on the moving body. In this case, the hand base 1 is rotatably supported around the vertical axis of the elevator, or the hand base 1 at the lower end of the elevator is controlled to rotate vertically within a certain angular range around the horizontal spindle. A configuration that supports the device is also incorporated as necessary. Furthermore, it is also possible to support the hand base 1 on the distal end arm of the articulated robot, which can be controlled to move freely in three-dimensional directions.

ハンド基部１は、前後一対の側板部１ａ，１ｂと天板部１ｃから構成された門形断面のものであって、前記昇降体の下端に取り付けられ、一対のワーク把持具２，３を備えている。両ワーク把持具２，３は、ハンド基部１の真下のワーク把持空間Ｓの両側に互いに対称に配置された同一構造のものであって、それぞれ内端がハンド基部１に上下揺動可能に軸支された平行リンク機構４と、この平行リンク機構４の外端に左右方向揺動可能に支持された平行揺動アーム５、及び平行揺動アーム５の内側に取り付けられたワーク把持部材８から構成されている。平行リンク機構４は、従来周知のものであって、平行揺動アーム５を略垂直姿勢で平行開閉運動させるものであり、一端がハンド基部１の両側板部１ａ，１ｂ間に駆動軸９によって軸支されると共に、他端が平行揺動アーム５の両側板部７ａ，７ｂ間に支軸１０により軸支された内側リンク１１と、一端がハンド基部１の両側板部１ａ，１ｂ間に支軸１２によって軸支されると共に、他端が平行揺動アーム５の両側板部５ａ，５ｂ間に支軸１３により軸支された外側リンク１４から構成され、内側リンク１１と外側リンク１４とは、常に互いに平行姿勢を保って上下に揺動するように構成されている。 The hand base 1 has a gate-shaped cross section composed of a pair of front and rear side plates 1a and 1b and a top plate 1c. ing. Both workpiece grippers 2 and 3 have the same structure and are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the workpiece gripping space S just below the hand base 1. Each inner end of each workpiece gripper 2, 3 is vertically swingably pivotable on the hand base 1. From the supported parallel link mechanism 4, the parallel swing arm 5 supported by the outer end of the parallel link mechanism 4 so as to be swingable in the horizontal direction, and the workpiece gripping member 8 attached inside the parallel swing arm 5. It is configured. The parallel link mechanism 4 is a conventionally well-known one. The inner link 11 is pivotally supported and the other end is pivotally supported between the side plates 7a and 7b of the parallel swing arm 5 by the support shaft 10, and the one end is between the side plates 1a and 1b of the hand base 1. The outer link 14 is supported by a support shaft 12 and the other end is supported by a support shaft 13 between the side plates 5a and 5b of the parallel swing arm 5. are configured to swing up and down while always maintaining a parallel posture with each other.

平行リンク機構４の内外両リンク１１，１４の内、駆動軸９によってハンド基部１に軸支されている内側リンク１１は、ハンド基部１の両側板部１ａ，１ｂ間において駆動軸９に取り付けられた被動ギヤ１５と一体に構成されており、この被動ギヤ１５の回転によって上下方向一定範囲内で揺動するものである。ワーク把持具２側の被動ギヤ１５とワーク把持具３側の被動ギヤ１５とは、ハンド基部１の両側板部１ａ，１ｂ間に軸支されて互いに咬合する駆動ギヤ１６と駆動ギヤ１７とに咬合して、互いに逆方向に連動回転するように構成され、片側の駆動ギヤ１６は、ハンド基部１の外側に取り付けられたギヤボックス１８から突出する出力軸１８ａに固定され、この出力軸１８ａは、ギヤボックス１８に支持されているモーター１９によって正逆回転駆動可能である。各ワーク把持具２，３と一体の被動ギヤ１５は互いに同一直径（同一歯数）のものであり、一対の駆動ギヤ１６，１７も互いに同一直径（同一歯数）のものである。 Of the inner and outer links 11 and 14 of the parallel link mechanism 4, the inner link 11 supported by the hand base 1 by the drive shaft 9 is attached to the drive shaft 9 between the side plates 1a and 1b of the hand base 1. The driven gear 15 and the driven gear 15 rotate to swing within a certain range in the vertical direction. The driven gear 15 on the side of the workpiece gripper 2 and the driven gear 15 on the side of the workpiece gripper 3 are connected to a drive gear 16 and a drive gear 17 that are pivotally supported between the side plates 1a and 1b of the hand base 1 and mesh with each other. The drive gear 16 on one side is fixed to an output shaft 18a protruding from a gear box 18 attached to the outside of the hand base 1, and this output shaft 18a , can be rotated forward and backward by a motor 19 supported by a gear box 18 . The driven gears 15 integrated with the workpiece grippers 2, 3 have the same diameter (same number of teeth), and the pair of drive gears 16, 17 also have the same diameter (same number of teeth).

以上の構成において、モーター１９を稼働させて一対の駆動ギヤ１６，１７を回転駆動させると、両ワーク把持具２，３の平行リンク機構４の被動ギヤ１５が互いに逆方向に回転駆動される。この被動ギヤ１５の回転は、各ワーク把持具２，３の平行リンク機構４における内側リンク１１の互いに反対方向の揺動となり、この結果、各ワーク把持具２，３の平行リンク機構４が、ワーク把持部材８を一定姿勢のまま、ワーク把持空間Ｓに対する接近方向に又は離間方向に移動させることになる。 In the above configuration, when the motor 19 is operated to rotate the pair of drive gears 16 and 17, the driven gears 15 of the parallel link mechanisms 4 of the work grippers 2 and 3 are rotated in opposite directions. The rotation of the driven gear 15 causes the inner links 11 of the parallel link mechanisms 4 of the workpiece grippers 2 and 3 to oscillate in opposite directions. The workpiece gripping member 8 is moved in a direction toward or away from the workpiece gripping space S while maintaining a fixed posture.

図１に示すように、ワーク把持具２，３は、それぞれの平行リンク機構４の内外両リンク１１，１４がハンド基部１に対して外向きに９０度回動して水平姿勢になったとき、平行揺動アーム５は平行リンク機構４に対して内向きに９０度回動して、平行リンク機構４から直角下向きに垂下して、待機姿勢となる。係る状態からモーター１９を稼働させて、駆動ギヤ１６，１７及び各平行リンク機構４の被動ギヤ１５を介してワーク把持具２，３の平行リンク機構４を下向きに平行揺動させることにより、各ワーク把持具２，３のワーク把持部材８が互いに左右対称形の姿勢を保った状態で互いに接近移動することになる。この過程でワーク把持具２，３の両ワーク把持部材８が、ワーク把持空間Ｓ内に位置する１つのワークＷ１を挟み付けて把持した状態を、図１０に示している。このとき、両ワーク把持部材８間に把持する対象のワークが存在しないときは、図２に示すように、平行リンク機構４がハンド基部１に対して真下に垂下する姿勢より更に内側へ回動し、両ワーク把持部材８が互いに圧接し合う閉動限状態となる。 As shown in FIG. 1, when the inner and outer links 11 and 14 of the respective parallel link mechanisms 4 rotate outward 90 degrees with respect to the hand base 1, the workpiece grippers 2 and 3 assume a horizontal posture. , the parallel swing arm 5 rotates inwardly by 90 degrees with respect to the parallel link mechanism 4 and hangs downward at right angles from the parallel link mechanism 4 to assume a standby posture. From this state, the motor 19 is operated to swing the parallel link mechanisms 4 of the workpiece grippers 2 and 3 downward in parallel via the drive gears 16 and 17 and the driven gears 15 of the parallel link mechanisms 4. The workpiece gripping members 8 of the workpiece grippers 2 and 3 move closer to each other while maintaining a symmetrical posture. FIG. 10 shows a state in which both workpiece gripping members 8 of the workpiece grippers 2 and 3 sandwich and grip one workpiece W1 located in the workpiece gripping space S in this process. At this time, when there is no workpiece to be gripped between the two workpiece gripping members 8, the parallel link mechanism 4 rotates further inward than the attitude in which the parallel link mechanism 4 hangs directly downward with respect to the hand base 1, as shown in FIG. Then, both workpiece gripping members 8 are brought into a closed movement limit state in which they are pressed against each other.

上記のようにワーク把持具２，３の平行揺動アーム５を互いに左右対称形を保って接近移動させた状態から、図１に示す待機姿勢に復帰させるときは、モーター１９により駆動ギヤ１６，１７を逆回転させ、ワーク把持具２，３の平行揺動アーム５が備える被動ギヤ１５を逆回転させる。この結果、ワーク把持具２，３の平行リンク機構４で支持されているワーク把持部材８が、ワーク把持空間Ｓから離れる外側上方へ平行揺動運動することになる。 When returning to the waiting posture shown in FIG. 17 is reversely rotated to reversely rotate the driven gear 15 provided in the parallel swing arm 5 of the work gripping tools 2 and 3 . As a result, the work gripping members 8 supported by the parallel link mechanisms 4 of the work gripping tools 2 and 3 perform a parallel swing movement upward and outward away from the work gripping space S. As shown in FIG.

平行揺動アーム５は、前後一対の側板部７ａ，７ｂと背板部７ｃから構成された横断面コの字形のものであって、中間高さで前後両側板部７ａ，７ｂ間には、水平向きで内端部が前後両側板部７ａ，７ｂ間から突出するバネ係止部材６が取り付けられている。この平行揺動アーム５の内側には、図１～図９に示すように、第一支持部材２０、第二支持部材２１、及びスライドレール２２が設けられている。第一支持部材２０は、平行揺動アーム５と同じ向きの横断面コの字形のものであって、上端が平行揺動アーム５の背板部７ｃとバネ係止部材６との間の入隅部に嵌合する状態で、当該上端が支軸１０，１３と平行な支軸２３によって平行揺動アーム５の前後両側板部７ａ，７ｂ間に揺動自在に軸支されると共に、その全長の半分以上の下端側領域は、平行揺動アーム５の下端より下方に延出している。 The parallel swing arm 5 has a U-shaped cross section and is composed of a pair of front and rear side plates 7a and 7b and a back plate 7c. A spring locking member 6 is mounted with an inner end protruding from between the front and rear side plate portions 7a and 7b in a horizontal direction. A first support member 20, a second support member 21, and a slide rail 22 are provided inside the parallel swing arm 5, as shown in FIGS. The first support member 20 has a U-shaped cross section facing in the same direction as the parallel swing arm 5, and the upper end of the support member 20 is inserted between the back plate portion 7c of the parallel swing arm 5 and the spring locking member 6. The upper end of the parallel swing arm 5 is pivotally supported between the front and rear side plates 7a and 7b of the parallel swing arm 5 by a support shaft 23 parallel to the support shafts 10 and 13 in a state of fitting to the corners. A lower end region of more than half of the total length extends downward from the lower end of the parallel swing arm 5 .

平行揺動アーム５の背板部７ｃの下端部には、当該背板部７ｃの内側に突出するように受け座２４が取り付けられ、この受け座２４に、感圧センサーが内装された弾性材２５が取り付けられている。第一支持部材２０は、平行揺動アーム５側の感圧センサー内装の弾性材２５によって受け止められることにより、下端が内側に入り込む一定角度の傾斜姿勢に保持されている。第二支持部材２１は、第一支持部材２０と同じ向きの横断面コの字形のものであって、横断面コの字形の第一支持部材２０内に嵌合した状態で、下端が第一支持部材２０の下端に、支軸２３と平行な支軸２６の周りに揺動自在に軸支され、支軸２６より下側の第二支持部材２１の下端背面２１ａが第一支持部材２０の底板部２０ａに当接することにより、第一支持部材２０から内側へ張り出す方向への揺動が阻止された起立姿勢となるように構成されている。この起立姿勢にある第二支持部材２１の背面と第一支持部材２０の底板部２０ａとの間には、起立姿勢にある第二支持部材２１が第一支持部材２０の底板部２０ａ側へ一定角度だけ揺動するのを許すための三角形状の空間が確保されている。 A receiving seat 24 is attached to the lower end of the back plate portion 7c of the parallel swing arm 5 so as to protrude inside the back plate portion 7c. 25 is attached. The first support member 20 is held in an inclined posture at a constant angle in which the lower end is pushed inward by being received by the elastic member 25 inside the pressure-sensitive sensor on the side of the parallel swing arm 5 . The second support member 21 has a U-shaped cross section facing in the same direction as the first support member 20, and is fitted in the first support member 20 with a U-shaped cross section. The lower end of the support member 20 is pivotally supported around a support shaft 26 parallel to the support shaft 23 , and the lower end rear surface 21 a of the second support member 21 below the support shaft 26 is the first support member 20 . By coming into contact with the bottom plate portion 20a, the first support member 20 is configured to assume an upright posture in which the rocking movement in the direction in which the first support member 20 projects inward is prevented. Between the back surface of the second supporting member 21 in the standing posture and the bottom plate portion 20a of the first supporting member 20, the second supporting member 21 in the standing posture is fixed toward the bottom plate portion 20a of the first supporting member 20. A triangular space is reserved to allow the angle to swing.

ワーク把持部材８は、上下高さ方向に長い円柱状の棒状弾性部材２７と、この棒状弾性部材２７のワーク把持空間Ｓに面する側を露出させて当該棒状弾性部材２７を保持する保持部材２８とから構成されている。保持部材２８は、所要長さの円筒体の一端から所定距離離れた位置から他端迄の領域を、囲壁の１８０度を超える部分を切欠して樋状部分２８ａに形成すると共に、円筒状上端部２８ｂの開口部をキャップ部材２８ｃによって閉じて構成している。このワーク把持部材８における保持部材２８の下端には、極小ワーク把持用の補助把持部２９が設けられている。棒状弾性部材２７は、保持部材２８内に丁度嵌合し得る外径の弾性円柱体の両端を丸めて構成したもので、この棒状弾性部材２７の一端を保持部材２８の円筒状上端部２８ｂ内に差し込むと共に他端を補助把持部２９で受け止める状態で、当該保持部材２８の樋状部分２８ａに嵌合させている。尚、この棒状弾性部材２７は、必要に応じて保持部材２８に接着剤などで固定することが出来る。 The workpiece gripping member 8 includes a cylindrical rod-shaped elastic member 27 that is long in the vertical direction, and a holding member 28 that exposes the side of the rod-shaped elastic member 27 facing the workpiece gripping space S and holds the rod-shaped elastic member 27. It consists of The holding member 28 is formed into a gutter-shaped portion 28a by notching a portion exceeding 180 degrees of the surrounding wall from one end of a cylindrical body of a required length to the other end, and forming a gutter-shaped portion 28a. The opening of the portion 28b is closed by a cap member 28c. At the lower end of the holding member 28 of the workpiece gripping member 8, an auxiliary gripping portion 29 for gripping a very small workpiece is provided. The rod-shaped elastic member 27 is formed by rounding both ends of an elastic cylinder having an outer diameter that can be fitted into the holding member 28. It is fitted into the gutter-shaped portion 28a of the holding member 28 while the other end is received by the auxiliary gripping portion 29. As shown in FIG. The rod-like elastic member 27 can be fixed to the holding member 28 with an adhesive or the like as required.

スライドレール２２は、互いに長さ方向に相対移動可能に嵌合して一体化されている外側レール材２２ａと内側レール材２２ｂを有するものであって、第二支持部材２１の内側に嵌合し、外側レール材２２ａが、第二支持部材２１の内側底面にネジ止めされている。スライドレール２２の内側レール材２２ｂには、ワーク把持部材８における保持部材２８の樋状部分２８ａが、キャップ部材２８ｃのある側を上端にしてネジ止めされている。このように組み込まれたワーク把持部材８は、第二支持部材２１が前記起立姿勢にあるとき、スライドレール２２と共に第一支持部材２０の底板部２０ａと略平行になるように構成されている。そしてスライドレール２２によって、ワーク把持部材８が昇降する傾斜昇降経路、即ち、下端側がワーク把持空間Ｓ側に接近するように傾斜した傾斜昇降経路が構成されている。 The slide rail 22 has an outer rail member 22a and an inner rail member 22b that are fitted together so as to be relatively movable in the longitudinal direction. , the outer rail member 22a is screwed to the inner bottom surface of the second support member 21. As shown in FIG. A gutter-shaped portion 28a of a holding member 28 of the workpiece gripping member 8 is screwed to the inner rail member 22b of the slide rail 22 with the cap member 28c being the upper end. The workpiece gripping member 8 assembled in this manner is configured to be substantially parallel to the bottom plate portion 20a of the first supporting member 20 together with the slide rail 22 when the second supporting member 21 is in the standing posture. The slide rail 22 constitutes an inclined ascending/descending path along which the work gripping member 8 ascends and descends, that is, an inclined ascending/descending path whose lower end side is inclined to approach the workpiece gripping space S side.

上記のように組み立てられたワーク把持部材８は、スライドレール（傾斜昇降経路）２２におけるスライド領域の下端位置まで重力で降下することになるが、このワーク把持部材８を、図１に示すスライド領域の中間高さに設定された定常位置に保持するために、引張コイルバネ３０が使用されている。この引張コイルバネ３０は、平行揺動アーム５が備えるバネ係止部材６の先端部に支軸１０，１３と平行に設けられた貫通孔３１に挿通されると共に、当該貫通孔３１の両端から等長さ延出する引張コイルバネ３０の両端領域をワーク把持部材８のある側に折曲させて門形に変形させ、この引張コイルバネ両端領域３０ａ，３０ｂの遊端を、ワーク把持部材８の上端部、即ち、保持部材２８の円筒状上端部２８ｂの両側に、バネ係止ピン３２ａ，３２ｂを介して係止させている。この状態において引張コイルバネ両端領域３０ａ，３０ｂは、その延長線が第二支持部材２１の揺動中心になっている支軸２６より内側（ワーク把持空間Ｓのある側）を通る向きになっていて、ワーク把持部材８を重力に抗して吊り上げて傾斜昇降経路（スライドレール２２のスライド領域）の中間高さに設定された定常位置に保持すると共に、第二支持部材２１を前記起立姿勢に保持している。
The work gripping member 8 assembled as described above is lowered by gravity to the lower end position of the slide area on the slide rail (inclined elevating path) 22. The work gripping member 8 is placed in the slide area shown in FIG. A tension coil spring 30 is used to hold the steady position set at the mid-height of the . The tension coil spring 30 is inserted through a through hole 31 provided parallel to the support shafts 10 and 13 at the tip of the spring locking member 6 provided in the parallel swing arm 5, and is extended from both ends of the through hole 31. Both end regions of the extension coil spring 30 are bent toward the work gripping member 8 and deformed into a gate shape. That is, it is locked to both sides of the cylindrical upper end portion 28b of the holding member 28 via spring locking pins 32a and 32b. In this state, the extension lines of the tension coil spring end regions 30a and 30b are oriented so that they pass inside (the side with the workpiece gripping space S) the support shaft 26 that is the swing center of the second support member 21. , the workpiece gripping member 8 is lifted against gravity and held at a stationary position set at the intermediate height of the inclined elevating path (the sliding area of the slide rail 22), and the second support member 21 is held in the standing posture. are doing.

第一支持部材２０の底板部２０ａの上端内側面と、この底板部２０ａに対面している第二支持部材２１の上端外側面には、それぞれ板状磁石３３ａ，３３ｂが貼り付けられている。これら両板状磁石３３ａ，３３ｂは、互いに反発し合う極性の面が互いに対面するように貼付されている。この板状磁石３３ａ，３３ｂ間の反発力により第二支持部材２１の上端側が第一支持部材２０の底板部２０ａから離れる方向に付勢され、当該第二支持部材２１の下端背面２１ａが第一支持部材２０の底板部２０ａに当接する起立姿勢に確実に保持される。 Plate-shaped magnets 33a and 33b are respectively attached to the upper inner surface of the bottom plate portion 20a of the first support member 20 and the upper outer surface of the second support member 21 facing the bottom plate portion 20a. These plate-shaped magnets 33a and 33b are attached so that the polar surfaces that repel each other face each other. The repulsive force between the plate-shaped magnets 33a and 33b urges the upper end side of the second support member 21 in a direction away from the bottom plate portion 20a of the first support member 20, and the lower end rear surface 21a of the second support member 21 is pushed away from the first support member 20. The support member 20 is reliably held in an upright posture in contact with the bottom plate portion 20a.

補助把持部２９は、図７～図９に示すように、Ｌ字形板バネ材３４、棒状弾性部材２７の下端を受け止める受け部材３５、及び硬質ゴム材などから成る帯板状把持部材３６から構成されている。受け部材３５は、ワーク把持部材８を構成している保持部材２８の内径より若干小径の円柱状のもので、平面視で外側略半分の領域３５ａが前記保持部材２８における樋状部分２８ａの下端部に内嵌し、内側略半分の領域３５ｂが領域３５ａより半分程度の高さになって階段状に成形され、領域３５ａの上端から領域３５ｂの内端まで、この受け部材３５の上面が球面状凹窪部３５ｃに成形されている。そしてこの受け部材３５の平坦な下端面がＬ字形板バネ材３４の水平板部３４ａの上に接着などにより固定され、帯板状把持部材３６は、受け部材３５の領域３５ｂの内端垂直面に接着などにより固定されている。そしてＬ字形板バネ材３４の垂直板部３４ｂを保持部材２８の下端外側に配置して、受け部材３５の領域３５ａを保持部材２８における樋状部分２８ａの下端部に内嵌させると共に、Ｌ字形板バネ材３４の水平板部３４ａを保持部材２８の下端に当接させた状態で、当該Ｌ字形板バネ材３４の垂直板部３４ｂを、スペーサー３７を介して保持部材２８の樋状部分２８ａに上下２本のボルト３８ａ，３８ｂによって固定している。尚、これらボルト３８ａ，３８ｂの内端は、保持部材２８の樋状部分２８ａから内側に突出するので、これらボルト３８ａ，３８ｂの内端が入り込む貫通孔３９ａと凹部３９ｂが受け部材３５に設けられている。上記のようにワーク把持部材８の下端に取り付けられた補助把持部２９は、図１その他に示されるように、ワーク把持部材８における棒状弾性部材２７の下端球面部が球面状凹窪部３５ｃに内嵌し、先端の帯板状把持部材３６は、側面視で棒状弾性部材２７のワーク把持用表面より太さの半分程度後退した位置にある。 As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the auxiliary gripping portion 29 is composed of an L-shaped leaf spring member 34, a receiving member 35 for receiving the lower end of the rod-shaped elastic member 27, and a band-shaped gripping member 36 made of hard rubber or the like. It is The receiving member 35 has a cylindrical shape with a slightly smaller diameter than the inner diameter of the holding member 28 that constitutes the workpiece gripping member 8, and a substantially outer half region 35a in a plan view is the lower end of the gutter-shaped portion 28a of the holding member 28. The upper surface of the receiving member 35 is spherical from the upper end of the region 35a to the inner end of the region 35b. It is molded into a recessed portion 35c. The flat lower end surface of the receiving member 35 is fixed onto the horizontal plate portion 34a of the L-shaped leaf spring member 34 by adhesion or the like. It is fixed by gluing or the like. The vertical plate portion 34b of the L-shaped plate spring member 34 is arranged outside the lower end of the holding member 28, and the area 35a of the receiving member 35 is fitted into the lower end portion of the gutter-shaped portion 28a of the holding member 28, and the L-shaped plate spring member 34 is formed. With the horizontal plate portion 34a of the plate spring member 34 in contact with the lower end of the holding member 28, the vertical plate portion 34b of the L-shaped plate spring member 34 is attached to the gutter-shaped portion 28a of the holding member 28 via the spacer 37. are fixed by two upper and lower bolts 38a and 38b. Since the inner ends of these bolts 38a and 38b protrude inward from the gutter-like portion 28a of the holding member 28, the receiving member 35 is provided with through holes 39a and recesses 39b into which the inner ends of the bolts 38a and 38b enter. ing. The auxiliary gripping portion 29 attached to the lower end of the work gripping member 8 as described above is such that the lower end spherical portion of the rod-like elastic member 27 of the work gripping member 8 is formed in the spherical concave portion 35c as shown in FIG. The band plate-shaped gripping member 36 at the tip of the inner fitting is located at a position recessed from the workpiece gripping surface of the rod-shaped elastic member 27 by about half the thickness in a side view.

以上のように構成されたロボットハンドの使用法と作用について説明すると、既に説明したように、モーター１９により駆動ギヤ１６，１７を回転させることによって、左右一対の平行リンク機構４と平行揺動アーム５を介して左右一対のワーク把持部材８を、図１に示す開動限（待機位置）と図２に示す閉動限との間で左右対称に平行開閉運動を行わせることが出来るものであるから、搬送対象のワークの被把持部の巾より適当に広い間隔に左右一対のワーク把持部材８間の間隔を変更した状態でハンド基部１を前後左右上下に運動させ、左右一対のワーク把持部材８間のワーク把持空間Ｓ内の所定位置に搬送対象のワークが位置する状態にする。この状態で左右一対のワーク把持部材８を互いに接近移動させて、当該ワーク把持部材８によってワークを把持させ、その後、ハンド基部１を一旦上昇させると共に前後左右上下に運動させて、把持しているワークを目的場所まで搬送することが出来る。 The use and operation of the robot hand constructed as described above will be described. 5, a pair of left and right workpiece gripping members 8 can be made to perform symmetrical parallel opening and closing motions between the opening movement limit (standby position) shown in FIG. 1 and the closing movement limit shown in FIG. Then, the hand base 1 is moved back and forth, left and right, up and down while the space between the pair of left and right work gripping members 8 is changed to a space appropriately wider than the width of the gripped portion of the work to be conveyed, and the pair of left and right work gripping members is moved. The workpiece to be transported is positioned at a predetermined position in the workpiece gripping space S between 8 . In this state, the pair of left and right workpiece gripping members 8 are moved closer to each other to grip the workpiece, and then the hand base 1 is once raised and moved forward, backward, left, right, up and down to grip the workpiece. Work can be transported to the destination.

図１０は、横置きされている軽量な空ペットボトルなどの軽弱ワークＷ１の把持及び吊上げの様子を示している。準備作業として、このような重量が一定以下の軽弱ワークＷ１に対する把持及び吊上げ動作を実行させる。即ち、左右一対のワーク把持部材８（棒状弾性部材２７）を互いに接近移動させて、軽弱ワークＷ１に対し棒状弾性部材２７を左右両側から押圧把持させると、その反力を受けて、棒状弾性部材２７の表面が軽弱ワークＷ１の表面に沿うように凹入弾性変形して両者間の接触面積が増大すると共に、ワーク把持部材８、スライドレール２２、第二支持部材２１、及び第一支持部材２０の全体が、平行揺動アーム５に対して支軸２３の周りで外側へ揺動しようとし、これを平行揺動アーム５側の受け座２４が弾性材２５を介して受け止めることになる。このときの受け座２４が受け止める反力が、弾性材２５に内装された感圧センサーの計測回路で計測出来る。従って、軽弱ワークＷ１の表面を押し潰さない範囲内で且つワーク把持部材８から軽弱ワークＷ１が滑り落ちることのない最大押圧力を前記感圧センサーの計測回路から計測し、この最大押圧力になったときに左右一対のワーク把持部材８のワーク把持動作（左右一対の平行揺動アーム５を閉動方向に移動させる動作）を自動停止させるように設定しておくことが出来る。 FIG. 10 shows how a light and weak work W1 such as a lightweight empty PET bottle placed horizontally is gripped and lifted. As a preparatory work, such a light and weak work W1 having a certain weight or less is made to be gripped and lifted. That is, when the pair of left and right workpiece gripping members 8 (rod-shaped elastic members 27) are moved closer to each other and the rod-shaped elastic members 27 press and grip the light and weak workpiece W1 from both the left and right sides, the rod-shaped elastic members receive the reaction force. The surface of the member 27 is dented and elastically deformed along the surface of the light and weak work W1 to increase the contact area between them, and the work gripping member 8, the slide rail 22, the second support member 21, and the first support. The entire member 20 tries to swing outward around the support shaft 23 with respect to the parallel swing arm 5 , and the receiving seat 24 on the side of the parallel swing arm 5 receives this via the elastic member 25 . . The reaction force received by the receiving seat 24 at this time can be measured by the measuring circuit of the pressure-sensitive sensor embedded in the elastic member 25 . Therefore, the maximum pressing force within a range in which the surface of the light and weak work W1 is not crushed and the light and weak work W1 does not slide down from the work gripping member 8 is measured from the measurement circuit of the pressure sensor. It can be set to automatically stop the workpiece gripping operation of the pair of left and right workpiece gripping members 8 (the operation of moving the pair of left and right parallel swing arms 5 in the closing movement direction) when this occurs.

上記のように準備作業と設定を行った後であれば、図１０に示すように、その設定に従って軽弱ワークＷ１を左右一対のワーク把持部材８によって把持すると共に吊り上げて、目的の場所へ搬送する作業が、軽弱ワークＷ１の表面を押し潰すようなことなく安全確実に行える。 After the preparation work and settings as described above, as shown in FIG. 10, the light and weak work W1 is gripped and lifted by the pair of left and right work gripping members 8 according to the settings, and transported to the target location. The work can be performed safely and reliably without crushing the surface of the light and weak work W1.

上記の設定を変えずに、軽弱ワークＷ１よりも重量が許容範囲内で大きく且つ外殻強度も低くないワーク、例えば収容液が満杯の実ペットボトルのような重強ワークＷ２を把持搬送する場合、図１１に示すように、左右一対のワーク把持部材８のワーク把持動作が完了した時点では、図１０に示す軽弱ワークＷ１に対する左右一対のワーク把持部材８のワーク把持動作が完了した時点と殆ど変わりないが、この状態から左右一対のワーク把持部材８をワーク把持状態のまま上昇させて、把持している重強ワークＷ２を吊り上げる段階になると、重強ワークＷ２に対するワーク把持部材８の押圧力が、軽弱ワークＷ１に対して好適に設定しているので、その押圧力では重強ワークＷ２を吊り上げることが出来ない。従って、図１２に示すようにワーク把持部材８の上昇に伴って重強ワークＷ２が相対的に降下しようとするので、結果的に、重強ワークＷ２とこれを把持しているワーク把持部材８とが一体的に引張コイルバネ３０の両端領域３０ａ，３０ｂの付勢力に抗して第二支持部材２１に対し相対的に降下することになる。この第二支持部材２１に対するワーク把持部材８の降下は、スライドレール２２によって構成されている、下端側がワーク把持空間Ｓ側に接近するように傾斜した傾斜昇降径路に沿って行われるので、重強ワークＷ２を把持している左右一対のワーク把持部材８が、把持している重強ワークＷ２を締め付ける結果となり、重強ワークＷ２に対するワーク把持部材８の押圧力が増大し、ワーク把持部材８が或る程度第二支持部材２１に対して降下したところでワーク把持部材８の降下が止まり、その位置で重強ワークＷ２が保持される。従って、重強ワークＷ２であっても問題なく把持して吊り上げることが出来、重強ワークＷ２の把持搬送は問題なく実行される。 Without changing the above settings, grip and convey a work W2 which is heavier than the light and weak work W1 within an allowable range and whose outer shell strength is not lower, for example, a heavy work W2 such as a real PET bottle full of liquid. In this case, as shown in FIG. 11, when the pair of left and right workpiece gripping members 8 completes the workpiece gripping operation for the light and weak workpiece W1 shown in FIG. From this state, the pair of left and right work gripping members 8 are lifted in the work gripping state to lift the heavy work W2 being gripped. Since the pressing force is set appropriately for the light and weak work W1, the heavy work W2 cannot be lifted with this pressing force. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 12, as the work gripping member 8 rises, the heavy work W2 tends to descend relatively, resulting in the heavy work W2 and the work gripping member 8 gripping it are integrally lowered relative to the second support member 21 against the urging forces of the end regions 30a and 30b of the extension coil spring 30. As shown in FIG. The workpiece gripping member 8 is lowered with respect to the second support member 21 along the slanted elevating path formed by the slide rail 22 so that the lower end side approaches the workpiece gripping space S side. As a result of the pair of right and left work gripping members 8 gripping the work W2 tightening the gripped heavy work W2, the pressing force of the work gripping members 8 against the heavy work W2 increases, and the work gripping members 8 When the workpiece gripping member 8 has descended to some extent with respect to the second support member 21, the workpiece gripping member 8 stops descending, and the heavy workpiece W2 is held at that position. Therefore, even the heavy work W2 can be gripped and lifted without any problem, and the heavy work W2 can be gripped and conveyed without any problem.

図１３～図１５は、ペットボトルなどの小径キャップ付きワークＷ３を把持するときの様子を示している。この小径キャップ付きワークＷ３も場合は、そのキャップＣの両側でその下端より適当距離下方位置に両ワーク把持部材８の下端（補助把持部２９の下端）を位置させ、この状態で両ワーク把持部材８を互いに接近移動させて、両ワーク把持部材８の補助把持部２９（その帯板状把持部材３６）を小径キャップ付きワークＷ３のキャップＣより下側の首部に圧接させた状態で、両ワーク把持部材８の把持動作を完了させる。この状態から両ワーク把持部材８を上昇させるが、図１４に示すように補助把持部２９の内端の帯板状把持部材３６がキャップＣの下端に係合する高さまで上昇移動する間に、補助把持部２９が対接するワークＷ３の首部が漸次細くなる形状であれば、両ワーク把持部材８に作用する反力が漸次小さくなり、これに伴って再び両ワーク把持部材８に作用する反力が一定値に達するまで両ワーク把持部材８を互いに接近移動させるように平行揺動アーム５が駆動される。 13 to 15 show how a workpiece W3 with a small diameter cap such as a PET bottle is gripped. In the case of this small-diameter capped work W3 as well, the lower ends of both work gripping members 8 (lower ends of the auxiliary gripping portions 29) are positioned at appropriate distances below the lower ends of the cap C on both sides of the cap C, and both work gripping members are placed in this state. 8 are brought closer to each other, and the auxiliary gripping portions 29 (the strip-shaped gripping members 36 thereof) of both work gripping members 8 are pressed against the neck portion of the work W3 with a small diameter cap below the cap C. The gripping operation of the gripping member 8 is completed. Both workpiece gripping members 8 are raised from this state, and as shown in FIG. If the neck portion of the work W3 with which the auxiliary gripping portion 29 contacts is tapered, the reaction force acting on both work gripping members 8 gradually decreases, and accordingly the reaction force acts on both work gripping members 8 again. The parallel swing arm 5 is driven so as to move the two workpiece gripping members 8 closer to each other until the value reaches a constant value.

補助把持部２９の内端の帯板状把持部材３６がキャップＣの下端に係合した後の両ワーク把持部材８の上昇移動により、小径キャップ付きワークＷ３がキャップＣを介して両ワーク把持部材８によって吊り上げられることになるが、このときの小径キャップ付きワークＷ３の重量が先の軽弱ワークＷ１の重量と変わらない程度に軽量であれば、小径キャップ付きワークＷ３は両ワーク把持部材８に対して相対的に降下することは無いが、若しこのときの小径キャップ付きワークＷ３が先の重強ワークＷ２と同程度の重量物であるときは、当該小径キャップ付きワークＷ３が吊り上げられて重力で降下し得る状態になったときから、図１１及び図１２に基づいて説明した通り、小径キャップ付きワークＷ３とこれを把持しているワーク把持部材８とが一体に、スライドレール２２を介して第二支持部材２１に対し引張コイルバネ３０の両端領域３０ａ，３０ｂの上向きの付勢力に抗して降下し、この結果、ワーク把持部材８が小径キャップ付きワークＷ３のキャップＣを締め付けて、両ワーク把持部材８に対して小径キャップ付きワークＷ３が相対的に滑り落ちて落下するのを抑止する。 After the band plate-shaped gripping member 36 at the inner end of the auxiliary gripping portion 29 engages the lower end of the cap C, the work W3 with the small diameter cap is moved up by the work gripping members 8 via the cap C. 8, and if the weight of the work W3 with the small diameter cap at this time is as light as the light weight work W1, the work W3 with the small diameter cap will be held by both work gripping members 8. However, if the small-diameter capped work W3 at this time is as heavy as the previous heavy-duty work W2, the small-diameter capped work W3 is lifted. 11 and 12, the workpiece W3 with the small-diameter cap and the workpiece gripping member 8 gripping the workpiece W3 are integrated with each other via the slide rails 22 from the time when it becomes possible to descend by gravity. are lowered against the second support member 21 against the upward biasing force of the end regions 30a and 30b of the tension coil spring 30. As a result, the workpiece gripping member 8 tightens the cap C of the workpiece W3 with the small diameter cap, The workpiece W3 with the small diameter cap is prevented from slipping and falling relative to the workpiece gripping member 8. - 特許庁

尚、上記のように小径キャップ付きワークＷ３を把持搬送する場合、ワーク把持部材８の棒状弾性部材２７がキャップＣの周面を締め付ける把持力のみでは、棒状弾性部材２７とキャップＣの周面との間の互いに圧接する面積が少ないので、小径キャップ付きワークＷ３を確実に把持しておくことが困難になる。特に小径キャップ付きワークＷ３が重量物である場合、小径キャップ付きワークＷ３の落下事故につながる恐れがある。このような事態が予想されるような状況であっても、上記補助把持部２９の存在により、図１５Ａに示すように、補助把持部２９の板状把持部材３６がキャップＣの下端を介して小径キャップ付きワークＷ３を真下から支持するので、小径キャップ付きワークＷ３の落下を抑止することになる。このとき、上記の補助把持部２９の構成によれば、受け部材３５と板状把持部材３６とがＬ字形板バネ材３４の水平板部３４ａによって支持されているため、図１５Ｂに示すように、板状把持部材３６がキャップＣを介して受ける小径キャップ付きワークＷ３の重量によって、Ｌ字形板バネ材３４の水平板部３４ａが下方に弾性に抗して湾曲し、板状把持部材３６が、キャップＣとその直下のワーク首部との間の入隅部に密に接触する状態になり、小径キャップ付きワークＷ３が重量物であっても確実に吊下げ状態を維持させて搬送することが出来る。 When the workpiece W3 with the small-diameter cap is gripped and conveyed as described above, the rod-shaped elastic member 27 and the peripheral surface of the cap C cannot be separated from each other with only the gripping force of the rod-shaped elastic member 27 of the workpiece gripping member 8 clamping the peripheral surface of the cap C. Since the area between them to be in pressure contact with each other is small, it becomes difficult to securely grip the workpiece W3 with the small diameter cap. In particular, when the work W3 with the small diameter cap is heavy, there is a risk that the work W3 with the small diameter cap will drop. Even in a situation where such a situation is expected, due to the presence of the auxiliary gripping portion 29, the plate-shaped gripping member 36 of the auxiliary gripping portion 29 can be pushed through the lower end of the cap C as shown in FIG. 15A. Since the workpiece W3 with the small diameter cap is supported from directly below, the workpiece W3 with the small diameter cap is prevented from falling. At this time, according to the configuration of the auxiliary gripping portion 29, the receiving member 35 and the plate-shaped gripping member 36 are supported by the horizontal plate portion 34a of the L-shaped plate spring member 34, so that the horizontal plate portion 34a is held as shown in FIG. 15B. , the horizontal plate portion 34a of the L-shaped plate spring member 34 bends downward against the elasticity due to the weight of the small-diameter capped work W3 received by the plate-shaped gripping member 36 via the cap C, and the plate-shaped gripping member 36 is , the inner corner between the cap C and the neck portion of the work just below it is in close contact, and even if the work W3 with the small-diameter cap is heavy, it can be conveyed while reliably maintaining the suspended state. I can.

図１６及び図１７は、左右一対のワーク把持部材８によって極小ワークＷ４を把持させるときの様子を示している。把持搬送する対象のワークが、ワーク支持面Ｆ上に置かれた状態のワークを左右一対のワーク把持部材８の棒状弾性部材２７によって直接把持することが出来ないような高さの低い極小ワークＷ４である場合、上記実施例のワーク把持部材８であれば、ワーク把持部材８の下端に設けられている補助把持部２９によって当該極小ワークＷ４を把持させることになる。この場合、ワーク把持部材８の先端、即ち、補助把持部２９の下端をワーク支持面Ｆより少し下のレベルまで降下させるように、ハンド基部１の降下量を制御すれば、図１６に示すように、ワーク支持面Ｆに補助把持部２９の下端が突き当たった後は、ワーク把持部材８を残して平行揺動アーム５側の第一支持部材２０と第二支持部材２１とがスライドレール２２を介して降下することになる。このときワーク把持部材８が第二支持部材２１に対して相対的に上昇することになるので、当該ワーク把持部材８の上端と平行揺動アーム５側のバネ係止部材６との間の引張コイルバネ３０の両端領域３０ａ，３０ｂに下から突き上げる力が働き、引張コイルバネ両端領域３０ａ，３０ｂの下端位置（バネ係止ピン３２ａ，３２ｂ）に対して当該引張コイルバネ両端領域３０ａ，３０ｂ上端位置（貫通孔３１）のある側へ引張コイルバネ両端領域３０ａ，３０ｂが座屈してくの字形に変形する。 16 and 17 show how a pair of right and left work gripping members 8 grip a micro work W4. A very small work W4 of such a low height that the work to be gripped and conveyed cannot be directly gripped by the rod-like elastic members 27 of the pair of left and right work gripping members 8 while placed on the work support surface F. In this case, with the work gripping member 8 of the above embodiment, the auxiliary gripping portion 29 provided at the lower end of the work gripping member 8 grips the minimal work W4. In this case, if the amount of descent of the hand base 1 is controlled so that the tip of the work gripping member 8, that is, the lower end of the auxiliary gripping portion 29, is lowered to a level slightly below the work supporting surface F, as shown in FIG. After the lower end of the auxiliary gripping portion 29 abuts against the work support surface F, the first support member 20 and the second support member 21 on the parallel swing arm 5 side move the slide rail 22 while leaving the work gripping member 8. will descend through At this time, since the workpiece gripping member 8 rises relative to the second support member 21, the tension between the upper end of the workpiece gripping member 8 and the spring locking member 6 on the side of the parallel swing arm 5 is increased. A force pushing up the both end regions 30a and 30b of the coil spring 30 acts from below, and the upper end positions (penetrating pins 32a and 32b) of the tension coil spring end regions 30a and 30b are applied to the lower end positions (spring locking pins 32a and 32b) of the tension coil spring both end regions 30a and 30b. The tension coil spring end regions 30a and 30b are buckled to the side with the hole 31) and deformed into a dogleg shape.

上記のようにしてワーク支持面Ｆに補助把持部２９の下端が当接する状態でハンド基部１の降下を停止させ、その後、左右一対のワーク把持部材８を、下端の補助把持部２９がワーク支持面Ｆ上を摺接する状態で互いに接近移動させると、両ワーク把持部材８の下端の補助把持部２９の帯板状把持部材３６によって、ワーク支持面Ｆ上の極小ワークＷ４を両側から確実に把持させることが出来る。この後、ハンド基部１を上昇させて、極小ワークＷ４を把持している左右一対のワーク把持部材８を上昇移動させると、把持されている極小ワークＷ４がワーク支持面Ｆから浮上するのに伴って、ワーク支持面Ｆ上からのワーク把持部材８に対する突き上げが解消し、これに伴って引張コイルバネ両端領域３０ａ，３０ｂの下向きの付勢力に抗して上昇していたワーク把持部材８が、くの字形に座屈変形している引張コイルバネ両端領域３０ａ，３０ｂが元の直線状に弾性復帰するときの弾性力と重力とによって元の高さ、即ち、スライドレール２２によって構成されている傾斜昇降径路の中間高さに設定されている定常位置まで降下復帰する。このときのワーク把持部材８の降下も、下端側程互いに接近するように傾斜している傾斜昇降径路上で行われるので、極小ワークＷ４を把持している左右一対のワーク把持部材８の帯板状把持部材３６間の間隔が降下に伴って狭まるようになるので、極小ワークＷ４に対する帯板状把持部材３６の締め付け力が増大し、極小ワークＷ４を落とすことなく確実に把持して搬送することが出来る。 As described above, the lower end of the auxiliary gripping portion 29 is brought into contact with the work support surface F, and the lowering of the hand base portion 1 is stopped. When they are brought closer to each other while sliding on the surface F, the small work W4 on the work support surface F is reliably gripped from both sides by the band plate-shaped gripping members 36 of the auxiliary gripping portions 29 at the lower ends of both work gripping members 8. can let Thereafter, when the hand base 1 is lifted and the left and right work gripping members 8 gripping the minimal work W4 are moved upward, the gripped minimal work W4 rises from the work supporting surface F. As a result, the work-holding member 8 is no longer pushed up from the work-supporting surface F, and the work-holding member 8, which has risen against the downward urging force of the tension coil spring end regions 30a and 30b, is reduced. The tension coil spring end regions 30a and 30b, which are buckled and deformed in a V-shape, return to the original height due to the elastic force and gravity when they elastically return to their original straight lines, that is, the inclined elevation constituted by the slide rails 22. Descend and return to the normal position set at the mid-height of the route. At this time, the workpiece gripping members 8 are also lowered on the inclined hoist path that is inclined so as to approach each other toward the lower end side. Since the interval between the gripping members 36 becomes narrower as it descends, the clamping force of the strip-shaped gripping members 36 against the minimal workpiece W4 increases, and the minimal workpiece W4 can be reliably gripped and conveyed without dropping. can be done.

図１８及び図１９は、上広がりの椀状ワークＷ５を把持するときの様子を示している。この椀状ワークＷ５を把持するときは、図１８に示すように、当該椀状ワークＷ５の上端側の最大径部分の高さに左右一対のワーク把持部材８の棒状弾性部材２７の上端側の領域（第二支持部材２１の揺動支点である支軸２６から保持部材２８の円筒状上端部２８ｂ迄の領域）が対応する状態で左右一対のワーク把持部材８により椀状ワークＷ５の上端部を把持させる。この結果、図１９に示すように、左右一対のワーク把持部材８が椀状ワークＷ５を把持するとき、当該ワーク把持部材８の第二支持部材２１の揺動支点である支軸２６よりも上方位置で椀状ワークＷ５の上端の最大径部分を挟み付けるため、その把持反力によって、ワーク把持部材８と、スライドレール２２を介して当該ワーク把持部材８を支持している第二支持部材２１とが、第一支持部材２０側の板状磁石３３ａと第二支持部材２１側の板状磁石３３ｂとの反発力に抗して第二支持部材２１の支軸２６の周りに外向きに揺動することになる。その外向きの揺動は、第一支持部材２０側の板状磁石３３ａと第二支持部材２１側の板状磁石３３ｂの反発力と把持反力の釣り合う位置で停止する。 18 and 19 show how the bowl-shaped workpiece W5 that spreads upward is gripped. When gripping this bowl-shaped workpiece W5, as shown in FIG. The upper end portion of the bowl-shaped work W5 is gripped by the pair of right and left work gripping members 8 while the regions (the region from the support shaft 26, which is the swinging fulcrum of the second support member 21, to the cylindrical upper end portion 28b of the holding member 28) correspond to each other. is grasped. As a result, as shown in FIG. 19, when the pair of left and right workpiece gripping members 8 grips the bowl-shaped workpiece W5, the workpiece gripping member 8 is positioned above the support shaft 26, which is the swinging fulcrum of the second support member 21. In order to sandwich the maximum diameter portion of the upper end of the bowl-shaped work W5 at the position, the work gripping member 8 and the second support member 21 supporting the work gripping member 8 via the slide rail 22 by the grip reaction force thereof , swings outward around the support shaft 26 of the second support member 21 against the repulsive force between the plate-shaped magnet 33a on the first support member 20 side and the plate-shaped magnet 33b on the second support member 21 side. will move. The outward swing stops at a position where the repulsive force of the plate-shaped magnet 33a on the first support member 20 side and the plate-shaped magnet 33b on the second support member 21 side and the grip reaction force are balanced.

上記作用の結果、第二支持部材２１とワーク把持部材８との間のスライドレール２２（傾斜昇降径路）の傾斜角度が、図１８に示すθ１から図１９に示すθ２まで大きく変化する。即ち、傾斜角度θ１のままでワーク把持部材８の棒状弾性部材２７が椀状ワークＷ５
の最大径部分を把持したときの線接触状態よりも、傾斜角度θ１よりも大きな傾斜角度θ２でワーク把持部材８の棒状弾性部材２７が椀状ワークＷ５の最大径部分を把持したときの方が、椀状ワークＷ５に対する棒状弾性部材２７の圧接領域の面積が増大するので、ワーク把持部材８によって椀状ワークＷ５を確実に把持させることが出来る。 As a result of the above action, the inclination angle of the slide rail 22 (inclined hoist path) between the second support member 21 and the workpiece gripping member 8 greatly changes from θ1 shown in FIG. 18 to θ2 shown in FIG. That is, the rod-shaped elastic member 27 of the work-holding member 8 moves toward the bowl-shaped work W5 while maintaining the inclination angle θ1.
When the rod-shaped elastic member 27 of the workpiece gripping member 8 grips the maximum diameter portion of the bowl-shaped workpiece W5 at an inclination angle θ2 larger than the inclination angle θ1, it is better than the line contact state when gripping the maximum diameter portion of the bowl-shaped workpiece W5. , the area of the pressing region of the rod-shaped elastic member 27 against the bowl-shaped work W5 is increased, so that the work-holding member 8 can securely grip the bowl-shaped work W5.

本発明のロボットハンドは、開閉運動する複数のワーク把持具によってワークを把持するロボットハンドであって、軽弱ワークから重強ワークまで多種多様なワークを把持搬送するロボットハンドとして活用出来る。 The robot hand of the present invention is a robot hand that grips a workpiece with a plurality of workpiece grippers that open and close, and can be used as a robot hand that grips and transports a wide variety of workpieces, from light and weak workpieces to heavy-duty workpieces.

１ハンド基部
１ａ，１ｂ側板部
１ｃ天板部
２，３ワーク把持具
４平行リンク機構
５平行揺動アーム
６バネ係止部材
７ａ，７ｂ側板部
７ｃ背板部
８ワーク把持部材
９駆動軸
１０，１２，１３支軸
１１内側リンク
１４外側リンク
１５被動ギヤ
１６，１７駆動ギヤ
１８ギヤボックス
１８ａ出力軸
１９モーター
２０第一支持部材
２１第二支持部材
２２スライドレール
２３，２６支軸
２４受け座
２５感圧センサー内装の弾性材
２７棒状弾性部材
２８保持部材
２９補助把持部
３０引張コイルバネ
３０ａ，３０ｂ引張コイルバネ両端領域
３１貫通孔
３３ａ，３３ｂ板状磁石
３４Ｌ字形板バネ材
３４ａ水平板部
３４ｂ垂直板部
３５受け部材
３５ｃ球面状凹窪部
３６帯板状把持部材
３７スペーサー
Ｓワーク把持空間
Ｗ１軽弱ワーク
Ｗ２重強ワーク
Ｗ３小径キャップ付きワーク
Ｗ４極小ワーク
Ｗ５椀状ワーク
REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 hand base 1a, 1b side plate 1c top plate 2, 3 work gripper 4 parallel link mechanism 5 parallel swing arm 6 spring locking member 7a, 7b side plate 7c back plate 8 work gripping member 9 drive shaft 10, Reference Signs List 12, 13 Support shaft 11 Inner link 14 Outer link 15 Driven gear 16, 17 Drive gear 18 Gear box 18a Output shaft 19 Motor 20 First support member 21 Second support member 22 Slide rail 23, 26 Support shaft 24 Receiving seat 25 Sensing Elastic material inside the pressure sensor 27 Rod-shaped elastic member 28 Holding member 29 Auxiliary grasping part 30 Tension coil springs 30a, 30b Tension coil spring end regions 31 Through holes 33a, 33b Plate magnet 34 L-shaped plate spring material 34a Horizontal plate portion 34b Vertical plate portion 35 Receiving member 35c Spherical concave portion 36 Band plate-like gripping member 37 Spacer S Work gripping space W1 Light and weak work W2 Heavy work W3 Work with small diameter cap W4 Very small work W5 Bowl-shaped work

Claims

ワーク把持空間の周囲に配置されて当該ワーク把持空間に対して接近離間運動する少なくとも２つのワーク把持具を備え、各ワーク把持具は、接近離間運動制御される平行揺動アームとこの平行揺動アームの内側に取り付けられたワーク把持部材とから構成されているロボットハンドであって、前記平行揺動アーム側に、下側ほどワーク把持空間に接近するように傾斜した傾斜昇降経路が設けられ、前記ワーク把持部材は、前記傾斜昇降経路に沿って昇降自在に支持され、このワーク把持部材を上向きに付勢して、傾斜昇降経路の下端より上方に設定された定常位置に保持するワーク把持部材付勢手段が併設され、前記ワーク把持部材のワークに圧接する表面も前記傾斜昇降経路と同じ向きに傾斜しているロボットハンドにおいて、
前記平行揺動アームのワーク把持空間側には支持部材が設けられ、この支持部材は、前記ワーク把持具を前記傾斜昇降経路に沿って昇降自在に支持するものであって、起立姿勢と前記ワーク把持空間から離れる側に一定角度傾斜した傾斜姿勢との間でのみ揺動可能に、下端側が前記平行揺動アームに軸支され、この支持部材を前記起立姿勢に付勢保持する支持部材付勢手段が設けられている、ロボットハンド。 At least two workpiece grippers are arranged around the workpiece gripping space and move toward and away from the workpiece gripping space, and each workpiece gripper includes a parallel swing arm whose approach and separation movements are controlled and the parallel swing arm. A robot hand comprising a workpiece gripping member attached to the inside of an arm, wherein an inclined elevating path is provided on the parallel swing arm side so as to approach the workpiece gripping space toward the lower side, The workpiece gripping member is supported along the inclined elevating path so as to be able to move up and down, urges the workpiece upward, and holds the workpiece at a stationary position set above the lower end of the inclined elevating path. A robot hand in which an urging means is provided, and a surface of the workpiece gripping member that presses against the workpiece is also inclined in the same direction as the inclined elevating path,
A support member is provided on the work gripping space side of the parallel swing arm. The lower end side of the support member is pivotally supported by the parallel swing arm so as to be swingable only between the tilted posture tilted at a certain angle to the side away from the gripping space, and the support member is biased and held in the standing posture. A robot hand provided with means.

前記支持部材付勢手段は、当該支持部材の上端外側面と、この支持部材の上端内側面に対面する平行揺動アームの内側面とに張り付けられた、互いに反発し合う極性の板状磁石で構成されている、請求項１に記載のロボットハンド。 The supporting member urging means are plate-shaped magnets having mutually repulsive polarities attached to the upper end outer surface of the supporting member and the inner surface of the parallel swing arm facing the upper end inner surface of the supporting member. 2. The robotic hand of claim 1, wherein the robotic hand is configured.

前記ワーク把持部材は、上下高さ方向に長い棒状弾性部材と、この棒状弾性部材のワーク把持空間に面する側を露出させて当該棒状弾性部材を保持する保持部材とから成り、前記傾斜昇降経路は、前記支持部材と前記ワーク把持部材の背面との間に介在させたスライドレールによって構成されている、請求項１又は２に記載のロボットハンド。 The workpiece gripping member comprises a rod-shaped elastic member elongated in the vertical direction and a holding member that exposes the side of the rod-shaped elastic member facing the workpiece gripping space to hold the rod-shaped elastic member. 3. The robot hand according to claim 1, wherein the slide rail is interposed between the support member and the back surface of the workpiece gripping member .

前記ワーク把持部材付勢手段によって保持される前記ワーク把持部材の定常位置は、前記ワーク把持部材の傾斜昇降経路の中間高さにあって、前記ワーク把持部材が上向きの外力を受けたときに前記ワーク把持部材が前記定常位置を超えて上昇移動出来るように構成されている、請求項１～３の何れか１項に記載のロボットハンド。 The normal position of the work gripping member held by the work gripping member urging means is at an intermediate height of the inclined elevating path of the work gripping member, and when the work gripping member receives an upward external force, 4. The robot hand according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the workpiece gripping member is configured to move upward beyond the stationary position.

前記ワーク把持部材付勢手段は、前記ワーク把持部材の上端部と、これより上方で前記平行揺動アーム側に設けられたバネ係止部材との間に張設された引張コイルバネで構成されている、請求項１～４の何れか１項に記載のロボットハンド。 The work- gripping member biasing means is composed of a tension coil spring stretched between the upper end of the work-gripping member and a spring locking member provided above the upper end on the side of the parallel swing arm. The robot hand according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein

前記引張コイルバネは、前記ワーク把持部材が前記定常位置を超えて上昇移動したときにくの字形に座屈屈曲するように張設され、前記ワーク把持部材の下端が受ける上向きの外力が無くなったとき、座屈屈曲した前記引張コイルバネが元の直線状に復帰するときの弾性力が、前記ワーク把持部材の前記定常位置までの下降を補助するように構成されている、請求項５に記載のロボットハンド。 The tension coil spring is stretched so as to be buckled and bent in a doglegged shape when the workpiece gripping member moves upward beyond the normal position, and when the upward external force applied to the lower end of the workpiece gripping member disappears. 6. The robot according to claim 5 , wherein an elastic force when the buckled extension coil spring returns to its original straight shape assists the descent of the workpiece gripping member to the stationary position. hand.