JP7234798B2 - ハイブリッド車両およびその制御方法 - Google Patents
ハイブリッド車両およびその制御方法 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7234798B2 JP7234798B2 JP2019097422A JP2019097422A JP7234798B2 JP 7234798 B2 JP7234798 B2 JP 7234798B2 JP 2019097422 A JP2019097422 A JP 2019097422A JP 2019097422 A JP2019097422 A JP 2019097422A JP 7234798 B2 JP7234798 B2 JP 7234798B2
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- rotation speed
- engine
- support control
- cooling water
- control
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 44
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 39
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 24
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000009424 underpinning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005856 abnormality Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001172 regenerating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
- B60W20/50—Control strategies for responding to system failures, e.g. for fault diagnosis, failsafe operation or limp mode
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- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Human Computer Interaction (AREA)
- Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
- Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)
- Electrical Control Of Air Or Fuel Supplied To Internal-Combustion Engine (AREA)
- Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Description
<車両構成>
図1は、本開示の実施の形態1に係るハイブリッド車両の構成を概略的に示す図である。図1を参照して、ハイブリッド車両1は、エンジン10と、エンジン冷却装置20と、バッテリ30と、パワーコントロールユニット(PCU:Power Control Unit)40と、動力分割機構50と、減速機60と、車軸70と、モータジェネレータ81,82と、車輪90と、電子制御装置(ECU:Electronic Control Unit)100とを備える。
以上のように構成されたハイブリッド車両1において、エンジン10が自立運転すべき
条件が成立すると、モータジェネレータ81によるクランキングによって、エンジン回転
速度Neが燃料を燃焼可能な回転速度まで引き上げられる。さらに、エンジン10は、燃
料を燃焼することによってエンジン自身でエンジン回転速度Neを上昇させる。この上昇
後のエンジン回転速度Neが完爆判定回転速度を上回ると、エンジン10の始動が完了し
たとしてクランキングが終了し、エンジン10が自立運転される。
図3は、下支え制御において基準となるエンジン回転速度Neの設定手法の一例を説明するための図である。図3を参照して、エンジン10の自立運転が正常に(あるいは通常通りに)行われる場合、エンジン回転速度NeはN0に設定される。このエンジン回転速度Neを「正常回転速度N0」と称する。一例として、正常回転速度N0=1000rpm(rotations per minute)である。正常回転速度N0は、本開示に係る「自立回転速度」に相当する。
図6は、実施の形態1における下支え制御を示すフローチャートである。図4ならびに後述する図8、図10および図13に示すフローチャートに含まれる処理は、エンジン10の自立運転中に所定期間が経過する度にECU100によりメインルーチン(図示せず)から呼び出されて実行される。各ステップ(以下「S」と略す)は、ECU100によるソフトウェア処理によって実現されるが、ECU100内に作製された電気回路によるハードウェア処理によって実現されてもよい。
燃料の燃焼不良に伴うエンジン回転速度Neの低下はエンジン始動直後に起こりやすいと説明したが、このようなエンジン回転速度Neの低下は、エンジン冷却水の温度(冷却水温)Twが低い場合に、より顕著になる。実施の形態2においては、下支え制御に用いられる各回転速度(正常回転速度N0、開始回転速度N1、目標回転速度N2および終了回転速度N3)が冷却水温Twに応じて設定する構成について説明する。なお、実施の形態2に係るハイブリッド車両の全体構成は、実施の形態1に係るハイブリッド車両1の全体構成(図1参照)であるため、説明は繰り返さない。
実施の形態3では、冷却水温Twが低い場合にエンジン回転速度Neの低下が顕著になるのに鑑み、エンジン始動時からの経過時間の判定に用いられる基準時間Trefが冷却水温Twに依存する構成について説明する。
エタノールまたはメタノールなどのアルコールを含有する燃料を使用して運転可能なエンジンが知られている。このようなエンジンにおいては、燃料の含有アルコール濃度によって燃料の揮発性が変わり、エンジンの始動性に影響し得る。実施の形態4においては、目標回転速度N2を燃料のアルコール濃度に応じて設定する構成について説明する。
Claims (4)
- エンジンと、
前記エンジンの冷却水の温度を検出する水温センサと、
前記エンジンに連結されたモータと、
前記エンジンのクランクシャフトを回転させるモータリングを実行するように前記モータを制御する制御装置とを備え、
前記制御装置は、前記エンジンの自立回転速度での自立運転中に、前記エンジンの始動時から基準時間が経過するまでに前記エンジンの回転速度が前記自立回転速度よりも低い第1の回転速度を下回った場合に下支え制御を実行し、
前記下支え制御は、前記エンジンの回転速度が前記第1の回転速度よりも高く、かつ、前記自立回転速度よりも低い第2の回転速度を下回らないように前記モータリングを行う制御であり、
前記制御装置は、前記下支え制御の実行中に第1および第2の終了条件のうちの少なくとも一方が成立した場合に前記下支え制御を終了し、
前記第1の終了条件は、前記エンジンの回転速度が前記第2の回転速度よりも高い第3の回転速度に達したとの条件であり、
前記第2の終了条件は、前記下支え制御を所定時間継続しても前記エンジンの回転速度が前記第3の回転速度に達しなかったとの条件であり、
前記制御装置は、前記冷却水の温度が低いほど、前記第1~第3の回転速度を高くする、ハイブリッド車両。 - 前記制御装置は、前記冷却水の温度が低いほど前記基準時間を長くする、請求項1に記載のハイブリッド車両。
- 前記エンジンは、アルコールを含む燃料によっても運転することが可能に構成され、
前記ハイブリッド車両は、前記燃料の含有アルコール濃度を検出するアルコール濃度センサをさらに備え、
前記制御装置は、前記含有アルコール濃度が高い燃料ほど前記第2の回転速度を高くする、請求項1に記載のハイブリッド車両。 - モータによりエンジンのクランクシャフトを回転させるモータリングを実行可能に構成されたハイブリッド車両の制御方法であって、
前記エンジンの自立回転速度での自立運転中に、前記エンジンの始動時から基準時間が経過するまでに前記エンジンの回転速度が前記自立回転速度でのよりも低い第1の回転速度を下回った場合に下支え制御を実行するステップを含み、
前記下支え制御は、前記エンジンの回転速度が前記第1の回転速度よりも高く、かつ、前記自立回転速度よりも低い第2の回転速度を下回らないように前記モータリングを行う制御であり、
前記下支え制御の実行中に第1および第2の終了条件のうちの少なくとも一方が成立した場合に前記下支え制御を終了するステップをさらに含み、
前記第1の終了条件は、前記エンジンの回転速度が前記第2の回転速度よりも高い第3の回転速度に達したとの条件であり、
前記第2の終了条件は、前記下支え制御を所定時間継続しても前記エンジンの回転速度が前記第3の回転速度に達しなかったとの条件であり、
前記エンジンの冷却水の温度が低いほど、前記第1~第3の回転速度を高く設定するステップをさらに含む、ハイブリッド車両の制御方法。
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