JP7128913B2 - アルカリ安定性のナノ濾過複合膜及びそれらの製造方法 - Google Patents
アルカリ安定性のナノ濾過複合膜及びそれらの製造方法 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D67/00—Processes specially adapted for manufacturing semi-permeable membranes for separation processes or apparatus
- B01D67/0002—Organic membrane manufacture
- B01D67/0009—Organic membrane manufacture by phase separation, sol-gel transition, evaporation or solvent quenching
- B01D67/0013—Casting processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D61/00—Processes of separation using semi-permeable membranes, e.g. dialysis, osmosis or ultrafiltration; Apparatus, accessories or auxiliary operations specially adapted therefor
- B01D61/02—Reverse osmosis; Hyperfiltration ; Nanofiltration
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Description
工程a)において、ポリスルホンポリマー、ポリエーテルポリマー及びそれらの混合物からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のポリマー、並びに少なくとも1種のポリビニルピロリドンポリマーを、少なくとも1種の非プロトン性溶媒の中に溶解させて、キャスティング溶液を調製し、そして
工程b)において、工程a)のキャスティング溶液を、不織布の上にキャストし、そして
工程c)において、工程b)でキャストした不織布を極性の非溶媒と接触させて、その膜を凝固(coagulate)させ、そして
工程d)において、工程c)のキャストした不織布膜を、少なくとも1種のラジカル重合開始剤と接触させ、そして
工程e)において、工程d)のキャストした不織布膜を、洗浄のための非溶媒と接触させ、そして
工程f)において、工程e)のキャストした不織布膜を架橋させて、ナノ濾過複合膜とする。
を含むポリスルホンであれば、より好ましい。
塩の排除率及び透過液流量を測定するための方法
膜の性能を特徴付けるためには、通常、それらの溶質排除特性に注目する。膜の排除率は、次式を使用して計算する:
本発明における膜の平均カットオフ分子量(MWCO)は、保持時間(retention)-溶質サイズ曲線を使用して実験的に求める。この方法は、限外濾過膜の孔径を測定する目的で、Johnson,desalination,53(1985),3~10に初めて記載された。フラットなシート状の限外濾過膜におけるMWCOを評価する標準的な方法は、ASTM E1343-90(2001)にも記載されており、100~2,000,000g/molの分子量に拡張することができる。ナノ濾過膜は、200~1000g/molの間のカットオフ分子量を有する多孔質膜とも考えられるので、孔径測定のために適合させた方法を、本発明にも適用した。
以下のようにして、ジメチルホルムアミド中のポリスルホン及びポリビニルピロリドンの均質な溶液からキャストして、ナノ濾過複合膜を調製した。
以下のようにして、溶媒としてのジメチルホルムアミド中のポリスルホン及びポリビニルピロリドンの均質な溶液からキャストして、ナノ濾過複合膜を調製した。
以下のようにして、ジメチルホルムアミド中のポリスルホン及びポリビニルピロリドンの均質な溶液からキャストして、ナノ濾過複合膜を調製した。
Claims (17)
- ナノ濾過複合膜を調製するためのプロセスであって、
工程a)において、ポリスルホンポリマー、ポリエーテルポリマー又はそれらの混合物からなる群より選択される少なくとも1種のポリマー、並びに少なくとも1種のポリビニルピロリドンポリマーを、少なくとも1種の非プロトン性溶媒の中に溶解させて、キャスティング溶液を調製し、そして
工程b)において、工程a)の前記キャスティング溶液を、不織布の上にキャストし、そして
工程c)において、工程b)の前記キャストした不織布を極性の非溶媒と接触させて、前記膜を凝固させ、そして
工程d)において、工程c)の前記キャストした不織布膜を、少なくとも1種のラジカル重合開始剤と接触させ、そして
工程e)において、工程d)の前記キャストした不織布膜を、非溶媒と接触させることにより洗浄し、そして
工程f)において、工程e)の前記キャストした不織布膜を架橋させて、ナノ濾過複合膜を調製する
ことを特徴とする、プロセス。 - 前記ナノ濾過複合膜が、200g/mol~1000g/molの間の平均カットオフ分子量を有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記ナノ濾過複合膜が、500g/mol~1000g/molの間の平均カットオフ分子量を有することを特徴とする、請求項1に記載のプロセス。
- 前記ポリエーテルポリマーが、ポリエチレングリコール、ポリプロピレングリコール、及びそのようなポリマーの混合物からなる群より選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 工程a)において使用されるポリマーの合計量が、前記キャスティング溶液の量を基準にして、10重量%~22重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 工程a)において使用されるポリマーの合計量が、前記キャスティング溶液の量を基準にして、17重量%~21重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1~5のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記キャスティング溶液の中で使用されるポリビニルピロリドンポリマーの量が、前記キャスティング溶液の重量を基準にして、1重量%~10重量%であることを特徴とする、請求項1~8のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 工程b)における前記不織布が、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリメチルペンテン、又はそれらの混合物からなる群より選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1~9のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 前記不織布の単位面積あたりの重量が、70~100g/m2であることを特徴とする、請求項1~10のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 工程c)における前記非プロトン性溶媒が、N-メチルピロリドン、ジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド、及びジメチルアセトアミド、又はそれらの混合物からなる群より選択されることを特徴とする、請求項1~11のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 工程c)が、3℃~6℃の温度で実施されることを特徴とする、請求項1~12のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 工程d)を実施した後で、工程f)が、80℃~110℃の温度で実施されることを特徴とする、請求項1~13のいずれか1項に記載のプロセス。
- 工程f)が、1~20分で実施されることを特徴とする、請求項14に記載のプロセス。
- 請求項1~15のいずれか1項の記載に従って調製された、ナノ濾過複合膜。
- 請求項16に記載の前記ナノ濾過複合膜の使用であって、水、特に地表水、地下水、坑井水、汽水、海水を精製するため、及び一般廃水又は産業廃水を精製するための、使用。
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EP2559667B8 (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2018-09-19 | Chiyoda Corporation | Method and system for the treatment of wastewater containing persistent substances |
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2019
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JP2006517469A (ja) | 2003-01-29 | 2006-07-27 | アクアソース | ろ過モジュール用メンブレンの製造方法 |
JP2008543546A (ja) | 2005-06-20 | 2008-12-04 | シーメンス・ウォーター・テクノロジーズ・コーポレーション | ポリマー膜の架橋処理 |
JP2017524523A (ja) | 2014-08-12 | 2017-08-31 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピアBasf Se | 膜の製造方法 |
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CN112334218A (zh) | 2021-02-05 |
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