JP7121729B2 - 多孔質体、該多孔質体の付加製造方法、並びに人を支持する及び/又は支えるための装置 - Google Patents
多孔質体、該多孔質体の付加製造方法、並びに人を支持する及び/又は支えるための装置 Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
- A47C27/00—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas
- A47C27/14—Spring, stuffed or fluid mattresses or cushions specially adapted for chairs, beds or sofas with foamed material inlays
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
- A47C23/00—Spring mattresses with rigid frame or forming part of the bedstead, e.g. box springs; Divan bases; Slatted bed bases
- A47C23/002—Spring mattresses with rigid frame or forming part of the bedstead, e.g. box springs; Divan bases; Slatted bed bases with separate resilient support elements, e.g. elastomeric springs arranged in a two-dimensional matrix pattern
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
- A47C—CHAIRS; SOFAS; BEDS
- A47C21/00—Attachments for beds, e.g. sheet holders, bed-cover holders; Ventilating, cooling or heating means in connection with bedsteads or mattresses
- A47C21/04—Devices for ventilating, cooling or heating
- A47C21/042—Devices for ventilating, cooling or heating for ventilating or cooling
- A47C21/044—Devices for ventilating, cooling or heating for ventilating or cooling with active means, e.g. by using air blowers or liquid pumps
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/20—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
- B29C64/205—Means for applying layers
- B29C64/209—Heads; Nozzles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/10—Processes of additive manufacturing
- B29C64/106—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material
- B29C64/118—Processes of additive manufacturing using only liquids or viscous materials, e.g. depositing a continuous bead of viscous material using filamentary material being melted, e.g. fused deposition modelling [FDM]
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2075/00—Use of PU, i.e. polyureas or polyurethanes or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
- B29L2031/751—Mattresses, cushions
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Mattresses And Other Support Structures For Chairs And Beds (AREA)
Description
・ -10℃以上40℃以下、好ましくは10℃以上35℃以下、より好ましくは18℃以上30℃以下における最大tanδ値(DMA、DIN EN ISO 6721)
・ 1MPa以上800MPa以下、好ましくは5MPa以上400MPa以下、より好ましくは10MPa以上200MPa以下の弾性率(DIN EN ISO 604:2003-12)
・ 40A以上70D以下、好ましくは50ショアA以上98ショアA以下、より好ましくは60ショアA以上95ショアA以下のショア硬度(DIN ISO 7619-1:2012-02)
・ 220℃以下、好ましくは30℃以上210℃以下、より好ましくは40℃以上200℃以下の融点(DIN EN ISO 11357-3:2013-04)
・ 40℃以下、好ましくは-10℃以上40℃以下、より好ましくは10℃以上35℃以下のガラス転移温度Tg(DMA、DIN EN ISO 6721)
上記に概説した実施形態に加えて、本体自体の特性ではなく本体材料の特性がこのように導入される。具体的には、本発明による本体の利点は、少なくとも1つの基材から構成される、例えば本体構造の、本体構築の変化が異なる機械的特性を有する本体を与えることができることである。これにより、製造者のロジスティクス及び在庫が簡単になる。他方、異なる材料を本体構築の調整によって加工して、匹敵する機械的特性を有する本体を得ることができ、これは製造者のための出発材料の調達においてより大きな柔軟性を意味し得る。
[実施例]
以下の実験で使用された本発明による材料及びフィラメントは、240℃未満の温度で原料(顆粒、ペレット、粉末、又は最大直径4~6mmの粗い材料に切断された形態で)の直径1.75mmのフィラメントへの押出しによって製造されている。
多孔質体は、融解堆積モデリング(FDM)の付加製造プロセスを使用して製造した。造形材料は、熱可塑性ポリウレタン(TPU)フィラメントであり、ショア90Aの硬度を有する芳香族イソシアネートエステル型に基づくTPUグレードのペレットを直径1.75mmの円形フィラメントに押し出すことによって作製した。このフィラメントをPrusa I3プリンタに取り付けたDD3押出機に供給した。DD3押出機のノズル温度は、235℃に設定し、印刷速度は、25mm/sに設定した。
実施例1のような多孔質体を製造したが、ショア85Aの硬度を有する脂肪族イソシアネートエーテル/エステル-ハイブリッド型に基づくTPUグレードから作製されたフィラメントを使用した。プリンタ設定は、実施例1に示したものと等しく、圧縮硬度測定は、実施例1に記載したように行った。
Claims (15)
- 支柱(100)によって互いに接合された節点(200)の三次元ネットワークと、前記支柱(100)の間に存在する空隙体積(300)とを含む多孔質体(10、20)であって、
前記支柱(100)が、200μm以上50mm以下の平均長さを有し、
前記支柱(100)が、100μm以上5mm以下の平均厚さを有し、
前記多孔質体が、少なくとも1つの空間方向において、10kPa以上100kPa以下の圧縮硬度(40%圧縮、DIN EN ISO 3386-1:2010-09)を有することを特徴とする、多孔質体(10、20)。 - 前記多孔質体は、40%圧縮後の圧縮永久歪み(DIN ISO 815-1)が5%以下である、請求項1に記載の多孔質体(10、20)。
- 前記多孔質体が、少なくとも1つの空間方向において、0.1以上1.5以下のtanδ値(20℃、DMA、DIN EN ISO 6721)を有する、及び/又は前記多孔質体が、少なくとも1つの空間方向において、-10℃以上40℃以下に最大tanδ値(DMA、DIN EN ISO 6721)を有する、請求項1又は2に記載の多孔質体(10、20)。
- 選択された空間方向における前記多孔質体の圧縮硬度(40%圧縮、DIN EN ISO 3386-1:2010-09)が、前記選択された空間方向に対して直角の空間方向における前記多孔質体の圧縮硬度(40%圧縮、DIN EN ISO 3386-1:2010-09)と10%以上異なり、
及び/又は
選択した空間方向における前記多孔質体のtanδ値(20℃、DMA、DIN EN ISO 6721)が、前記選択された空間方向に対して直角の空間方向における前記多孔質体のtanδ値(20℃、DMA、DIN EN ISO 6721)と10%以上異なる、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体(10、20)。 - 選択された空間方向における前記多孔質体の圧縮硬度(40%圧縮、DIN EN ISO 3386-1:2010-09)が、他の空間方向における前記多孔質体の圧縮硬度(40%圧縮、DIN EN ISO 3386-1:2010-09)と10%未満だけ異なり、
及び/又は選択された空間方向における前記多孔質体のtanδ値(20℃、DMA、DIN EN ISO 6721)が、他の空間方向における前記多孔質体のtanδ値(20℃、DMA、DIN EN ISO 6721)と10%未満だけ異なる、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体(10、20)。 - 前記多孔質体が、以下の特性:
・ 0.1以上1.5以下のtanδ値(20℃、DMA、DIN EN ISO 6721)
・ -10℃以上40℃以下における最大tanδ値(DMA、DIN EN ISO 6721)
・ 1MPa以上800MPa以下の弾性率(DIN EN ISO 604:2003-12)
・ 40A以上70D以下のショア硬度(DIN ISO 7619-1:2012-02)
・ 220℃以下の融点(DIN EN ISO 11357-3:2013-04)
・ 40℃以下のガラス転移温度Tg(DMA、DIN EN ISO 6721)
のうちの1つ以上を有する材料から少なくとも部分的に形成される、請求項1~5のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体(10、20)。 - 前記空隙体積(300)が、前記多孔質体(10、20)の体積の50%以上99%以下を占める、請求項1~6のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体(10、20)。
- 前記節点(200)が、前記多孔質体(10、20)の体積の少なくとも一部に周期的に繰り返すように分布している、請求項1~7のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体(10、20)。
- 前記空隙体積(300)が、相互に貫通する第1のチャネル群(310)、第2のチャネル群(320)、及び第3のチャネル群(330)の形態で形成され、それぞれの各チャネル群内の多数の個々のチャネル(311、321、331)が、互いに平行に延び、前記第1のチャネル群(310)、前記第2のチャネル群(320)、及び前記第3のチャネル群(330)が、異なる空間方向に延在する、請求項1~8のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体(10、20)。
- 隣接する支柱(100)間の平均最小角度が、30°以上140°以下である、請求項1~9のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体(10、20)。
- 前記多孔質体(10、20)の第1の領域における前記節点(200)の空間密度が、前記多孔質体(10、20)の第2の領域における前記節点(200)の空間密度と異なる、請求項1~10のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体(20)。
- 前記多孔質体(10、20)の第1の領域における前記多孔質体(10、20)の材料が、前記多孔質体(10、20)の第2の領域における材料と異なる、請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体(10、20)。
- 前記多孔質体(10、20)が、付加製造方法で製造されることを特徴とする、請求項1~12のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体(10、20)を製造する方法。
- 請求項1~11のいずれか一項に記載の多孔質体(10、20)を備える、人を支持する及び/又は支えるための装置。
- 前記多孔質体(10、20)の少なくとも一部に空気を通過させるためのベンチレータをさらに備える、請求項14に記載の装置。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP16188521 | 2016-09-13 | ||
EP16188521.5 | 2016-09-13 | ||
PCT/EP2017/072614 WO2018050558A1 (en) | 2016-09-13 | 2017-09-08 | Porous body, additive manufacturing method for the body and apparatus for supporting and/or bearing a person |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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JP2019534064A JP2019534064A (ja) | 2019-11-28 |
JP7121729B2 true JP7121729B2 (ja) | 2022-08-18 |
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JP2019513775A Active JP7121729B2 (ja) | 2016-09-13 | 2017-09-08 | 多孔質体、該多孔質体の付加製造方法、並びに人を支持する及び/又は支えるための装置 |
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EP (1) | EP3512379B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP7121729B2 (ja) |
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ES (1) | ES2855999T3 (ja) |
PL (1) | PL3512379T3 (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2018050558A1 (ja) |
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ES2855999T3 (es) | 2021-09-27 |
US10398236B2 (en) | 2019-09-03 |
EP3512379A1 (en) | 2019-07-24 |
CN109688877B (zh) | 2021-07-06 |
EP3512379B1 (en) | 2020-10-21 |
PL3512379T3 (pl) | 2021-04-19 |
CN109688877A (zh) | 2019-04-26 |
US11910931B2 (en) | 2024-02-27 |
JP2019534064A (ja) | 2019-11-28 |
US20180070736A1 (en) | 2018-03-15 |
US20190223618A1 (en) | 2019-07-25 |
WO2018050558A1 (en) | 2018-03-22 |
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