JP7082153B2 - Fruit and vegetable freshness preservation film for automatic packaging and fruit and vegetable freshness preservation packaging bag - Google Patents

Fruit and vegetable freshness preservation film for automatic packaging and fruit and vegetable freshness preservation packaging bag Download PDF

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JP7082153B2
JP7082153B2 JP2020060890A JP2020060890A JP7082153B2 JP 7082153 B2 JP7082153 B2 JP 7082153B2 JP 2020060890 A JP2020060890 A JP 2020060890A JP 2020060890 A JP2020060890 A JP 2020060890A JP 7082153 B2 JP7082153 B2 JP 7082153B2
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浩暢 池田
亜祐子 江嶋
岳 花市
靖丈 寺本
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Futamura Chemical Co Ltd
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本発明は、自動包装機により青果物を包装する自動包装用フィルムに関し、特に内容物である青果物の鮮度保持が可能な自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムに関する。 The present invention relates to an automatic wrapping film for packaging fruits and vegetables by an automatic wrapping machine, and more particularly to an automatic wrapping fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film capable of maintaining the freshness of fruits and vegetables as a content.

青果物は、収穫後も生命活動を維持し、内部の糖や有機酸を有酸素的に分解して、生命活動に必要なエネルギーを作る。これらの典型的な反応は、糖と酸素から、二酸化炭素と水、エネルギーを作る、いわゆる呼吸反応である。青果物の生命活動に必要なエネルギーの供給は、呼吸に依存しているため、呼吸速度が青果物の生理活性の重要な指標となる。雰囲気中の酸素濃度を下げると反応気質の不足により呼吸が抑制される。また、二酸化炭素濃度を上げた場合には反応生成物のフィードバック阻害によって呼吸が抑制されると考えられる。 Fruits and vegetables maintain their vital activity even after harvesting, and oxygenally decompose the sugars and organic acids inside to produce the energy necessary for vital activity. These typical reactions are so-called respiratory reactions that produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy from sugar and oxygen. Since the supply of energy required for the vital activity of fruits and vegetables depends on respiration, the respiratory rate is an important indicator of the physiological activity of fruits and vegetables. When the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere is lowered, breathing is suppressed due to lack of reaction temperament. In addition, when the carbon dioxide concentration is increased, it is considered that respiration is suppressed by the feedback inhibition of the reaction product.

一方で、青果物のまわりの酸素濃度が極端に低い場合には、無気呼吸によってピルビン酸からアセトアルデヒドを経てエタノールが生成し、強い異臭や異味の原因となる。適度な低酸素、高二酸化炭素状態は、呼吸の抑制に効果がある一方で、過度な低酸素あるいは高二酸化炭素状態は、低酸素障害や高二酸化炭素障害に繋がる可能性がある。 On the other hand, when the oxygen concentration around fruits and vegetables is extremely low, ethanol is produced from pyruvic acid via acetaldehyde by anaerobic respiration, which causes a strong offensive odor and unpleasant taste. Moderate hypoxia and high carbon dioxide conditions are effective in suppressing respiration, while excessive hypoxia or high carbon dioxide conditions can lead to hypoxia and high carbon dioxide disorders.

このように、青果物は収穫後の貯蔵や流通中に青果物自身の呼吸によりエネルギーを消費し、鮮度低下を引き起こす。青果物の鮮度が1日でも延長して保持されることができれば、廃棄量を減らしたり、流通時間の確保による消費地の拡大が期待できる等、フードロスの観点からも鮮度保持性能を有する包装材料の需要が高まっている。 In this way, fruits and vegetables consume energy by the respiration of the fruits and vegetables themselves during storage and distribution after harvesting, causing a decrease in freshness. If the freshness of fruits and vegetables can be maintained for an extended period of time, it is expected that the amount of waste will be reduced and the consumption area will be expanded by securing distribution time. Demand is rising.

青果物の包装材としては、プラスチックフィルムが広く使用される。特に、延伸ポリプロピレンフィルムは、優れた透明性や光沢性を有するとともに、機械的強度が高く、印刷加工性や製袋加工性及び充填作業性に優れていることから、広く使用されている。一般に使用される延伸ポリプロピレンフィルムは、延伸により分子配向の規則性が高まり、フィルムの密度が高くなる。フィルムの密度が高くなると、水蒸気や酸素などの気体が透過しにくくなる。これにより、青果物の包装に該延伸ポリプロピレンフィルムを用いると、酸素がフィルムを透過せず青果物の鮮度保持に必要な酸素量が不足したり、青果物が発する二酸化炭素やエチレンガスが外部に排出されずに、青果物の鮮度低下の原因となるおそれがある。 Plastic films are widely used as packaging materials for fruits and vegetables. In particular, the stretched polypropylene film is widely used because it has excellent transparency and gloss, has high mechanical strength, and is excellent in printing processability, bag making processability, and filling workability. In a generally used stretched polypropylene film, the regularity of molecular orientation is increased by stretching, and the density of the film is increased. As the density of the film increases, it becomes difficult for gases such as water vapor and oxygen to permeate. As a result, when the stretched polypropylene film is used for packaging fruits and vegetables, oxygen does not permeate the film and the amount of oxygen required to maintain the freshness of fruits and vegetables is insufficient, and carbon dioxide and ethylene gas emitted by fruits and vegetables are not discharged to the outside. In addition, it may cause a decrease in the freshness of fruits and vegetables.

そこで、青果物の鮮度を保持するために青果物の呼吸に合わせて必要な気体透過性をフィルムに与える方法が提案されている。例えば、フィルムに微細な孔を形成し包装袋全体の気体透過性を孔の大きさや数により調整する方法がある(特許文献1参照)。しかし、この方法では、あらかじめフィルムに微細な孔を形成する加工が必要であることから、手間やコストが増大し、包装材としての価格が高くなってしまう。また、袋内の青果物から発生する水分でフィルムの孔が塞がることにより、気体透過性が不安定となり、想定した鮮度保持効果が発揮されないおそれがある。 Therefore, a method has been proposed in which the film is provided with the gas permeability required for the respiration of the fruits and vegetables in order to maintain the freshness of the fruits and vegetables. For example, there is a method of forming fine holes in a film and adjusting the gas permeability of the entire packaging bag according to the size and number of holes (see Patent Document 1). However, this method requires processing to form fine holes in the film in advance, which increases labor and cost and increases the price as a packaging material. In addition, the water generated from the fruits and vegetables in the bag closes the pores of the film, so that the gas permeability becomes unstable and the expected freshness-maintaining effect may not be exhibited.

また、透明性に優れる延伸ポリプロピレンフィルムと、気体透過性に優れるポリエチレンフィルムとを貼り合わせ、気体透過度を制御する方法が提案されている(特許文献2参照。)。ポリエチレンフィルムの面積や厚みを変更することにより気体透過度を調整することができる。しかし、二種類の異なるフィルム基材を貼着する手間が生じコストが増大する点や、自動包装機への適応性がない点で問題がある。 Further, a method of controlling the gas permeability by laminating a stretched polypropylene film having excellent transparency and a polyethylene film having excellent gas permeability has been proposed (see Patent Document 2). The gas permeability can be adjusted by changing the area and thickness of the polyethylene film. However, there are problems in that it takes time and effort to attach two different types of film base materials, which increases the cost and is not adaptable to an automatic packaging machine.

さらに、プロピレンポリマー成分にエチレンとプロピレンとのコポリマー成分をブレンドすることによって、気体の透過度を調整する気体透過性フィルムが提案されている(特許文献3参照。)。コポリマー成分が多くなると気体透過度はより高くなるが、反してフィルムの剛性が低下してしまい、ピロー包装機等への包装適性としては不十分な場合がある。また、気体の透過度が高すぎると、青果物の鮮度保持に適度な低酸素、高二酸化炭素状態にすることが困難となり、青果物の鮮度が低下するきらいがある。 Further, a gas permeable film for adjusting the gas permeability by blending a copolymer component of ethylene and propylene with a propylene polymer component has been proposed (see Patent Document 3). As the amount of the copolymer component increases, the gas permeability becomes higher, but on the contrary, the rigidity of the film decreases, which may be insufficient for packaging suitability for a pillow packaging machine or the like. Further, if the permeability of the gas is too high, it becomes difficult to maintain a state of low oxygen and high carbon dioxide suitable for maintaining the freshness of fruits and vegetables, and the freshness of fruits and vegetables tends to decrease.

特許第6358372号公報Japanese Patent No. 6358372 特許第4801104号公報Japanese Patent No. 4801104 特許第3523886号公報Japanese Patent No. 3523886

本発明は、前記の点に鑑みなされたものであって、自動包装機による青果物の包装が可能であるとともに、内容物である青果物の鮮度保持に適した気体透過性を備えた自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムを提供するものである。 The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and the fruits and vegetables for automatic packaging can be packaged by an automatic packaging machine and have gas permeability suitable for maintaining the freshness of the fruits and vegetables as the contents. It provides a freshness-preserving film.

すなわち、第1の発明は、自動包装機により青果物を包装し製袋されるとともに、内容物である前記青果物の鮮度を保持する自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムであって、両表面層にヒートシール性を有する層を備えた3層以上の共押出による積層体よりなるとともに、ポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物からなる基材層を有し、二軸延伸により製膜されてなり、前記ポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物がプロピレン単独重合体(A)及びプロピレンと少なくとも1種以上のα-オレフィンとの共重合体(B)とを含むポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物であって、前記プロピレン単独重合体(A)が3~80重量部と前記プロピレンと少なくとも1種以上のα-オレフィンとの共重合体(B)が20~97重量部とする組成であり、前記積層体の両表面層の一側の表面層と他側の表面層それぞれのヒートシール温度の温度差が5℃以上であり、前記自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムの厚みが20~40μmであり、酸素透過度が2000~5500cm/(m・24hr・atm)であることを特徴とする自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムに係る。 That is, the first invention is a fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging that wraps and manufactures fruits and vegetables by an automatic packaging machine and retains the freshness of the fruits and vegetables as the contents, and heat-seals both surface layers. The polypropylene-based resin composition is composed of three or more co-extruded laminates having a layer having a property, and has a base material layer made of a polypropylene-based resin composition, and is formed by biaxial stretching. Is a polypropylene-based resin composition containing a propylene homopolymer (A) and a copolymer (B) of propylene and at least one α-olefin, and the propylene homopolymer (A) is 3 to 3. The composition is such that the copolymer (B) of 80 parts by weight, the propylene and at least one kind of α-olefin is 20 to 97 parts by weight, and the surface layer on one side of both surface layers of the laminate and others. The temperature difference of the heat seal temperature of each of the surface layers on the side is 5 ° C. or more, the thickness of the fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging is 20 to 40 μm, and the oxygen permeability is 2000 to 5500 cm 3 / ( m 2.24 hr. -It relates to a fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging, which is characterized by being (atm).

の発明は、第の発明において、前記青果物が葉ネギ又はラディッシュである自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムに係る。 The second invention relates to the freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging in which the fruits and vegetables are leaf onions or radishes in the first invention.

第3の発明は、第1又は第2の発明において、自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムが製袋されてなる青果物鮮度保持包装袋に係る。 The third invention relates to the fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving packaging bag in which the fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging is manufactured in the first or second invention.

第1の発明に係る自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムは、自動包装機により青果物を包装し製袋されるとともに、内容物である前記青果物の鮮度を保持する自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムであって、両表面層にヒートシール性を有する層を備えた3層以上の共押出による積層体よりなるとともに、ポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物からなる基材層を有し、二軸延伸により製膜されてなり、前記ポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物がプロピレン単独重合体(A)及びプロピレンと少なくとも1種以上のα-オレフィンとの共重合体(B)とを含むポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物であって、前記プロピレン単独重合体(A)が3~80重量部と前記プロピレンと少なくとも1種以上のα-オレフィンとの共重合体(B)が20~97重量部とする組成であり、前記積層体の両表面層の一側の表面層と他側の表面層それぞれのヒートシール温度の温度差が5℃以上であり、前記自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムの厚みが20~40μmであり、酸素透過度が2000~5500cm/(m・24hr・atm)であるため、自動包装適性に優れるとともに防曇性を備えるとともに、内容物である青果物の鮮度保持に適した任意の気体透過性、優れた透明性、光沢性、印刷加工性、製袋加工性や充填作業性を備える。 The fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging according to the first invention is a fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging that wraps and manufactures fruits and vegetables by an automatic packaging machine and maintains the freshness of the fruits and vegetables as the contents. It is composed of three or more co-extruded laminates having heat-sealable layers on both surface layers, and has a base material layer made of a polypropylene-based resin composition, and is formed by biaxial stretching. The polypropylene-based resin composition is a polypropylene-based resin composition containing a propylene homopolymer (A) and a copolymer (B) of propylene and at least one α-olefin, and the propylene monopoly weight thereof. The composition is such that the coalescence (A) is 3 to 80 parts by weight and the copolymer (B) of the propylene and at least one α-olefin is 20 to 97 parts by weight, and both surface layers of the laminate are formed. The temperature difference between the heat seal temperature of the surface layer on one side and the surface layer on the other side is 5 ° C. or more, the thickness of the fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging is 20 to 40 μm, and the oxygen permeability is 2000 to 5500 cm. Since it is 3 / (m 2.24hr・ atm), it has excellent automatic packaging suitability and antifogging properties, and any gas permeability suitable for maintaining the freshness of fruits and vegetables as its contents, and excellent transparency. It has glossiness, print workability, bag making workability and filling workability.

の発明に係る自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムは、第の発明において、前記青果物が葉ネギ又はラディッシュであるため、葉ネギ又はラディッシュに適した気体透過性を備えることにより鮮度保持を図ることができる。 In the first invention, the fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging according to the second invention is intended to maintain freshness by providing gas permeability suitable for leaf onion or radish because the fruit and vegetable are leaf onion or radish. be able to.

の発明は、第1又は第2の発明において、自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムが製袋されてなる青果物鮮度保持包装袋であるため、内容物の青果物の鮮度保持を図ることができる。 In the first or second invention , the third invention is a fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving packaging bag in which a fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging is manufactured, so that the freshness of the contents can be maintained.

本発明の一実施形態に係る自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムの概略断面図である。It is the schematic sectional drawing of the fruit and vegetable freshness preservation film for automatic packaging which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention.

図1は、本発明の一実施形態に係る自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルム10である積層体20の概略断面図である。自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルム10は、基材層21と両表面層22,23の少なくとも3層以上の共押出による積層体20よりなる。積層体20は、積層体20の両表面層である外面層22(一側の表面層)及び内面層23(他側の表面層)にヒートシール層を備え、二軸延伸により製膜されてなる。二軸延伸されたフィルムは剛性が上がり、自動包装機による包装適性が向上する。自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルム10は、自動包装機により内側に内容物である青果物が収容されて、内面層23同士がヒートシールされて製袋される。 FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a laminate 20 which is a fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film 10 for automatic packaging according to an embodiment of the present invention. The fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film 10 for automatic packaging is composed of a laminate 20 obtained by coextrusion of at least three layers of a base material layer 21 and both surface layers 22 and 23. The laminated body 20 is provided with a heat seal layer on the outer surface layer 22 (one side surface layer) and the inner surface layer 23 (the other side surface layer), which are both surface layers of the laminated body 20, and is formed by biaxial stretching. Become. The biaxially stretched film has higher rigidity and is more suitable for packaging by an automatic packaging machine. The fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film 10 for automatic packaging contains fruits and vegetables as contents inside by an automatic packaging machine, and the inner layers 23 are heat-sealed to form a bag.

自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルム10の厚みは20~40μmである。該範囲とすると、フィルムの成形性、青果物の包装時の作業性等の点で好ましい。厚みが20μmより薄いと、厚みが均一になりづらく、フィルムの強度が低下して自動包装機にかけた際に破袋しやすくなったり、気体の透過度が高くなり過ぎて、青果物の鮮度保持効果が発揮できなくなるおそれがある。また、フィルムのコシ感が低下し、青果物が包装された際の商品性が低下するきらいがある。また、フィルムの厚みが40μmより厚いと、気体の透過度が低くなり過ぎて鮮度保持効果が低下したり、包装材としての経済性に劣ることとなり好ましくない。 The thickness of the fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film 10 for automatic packaging is 20 to 40 μm. The range is preferable in terms of film moldability, workability at the time of packaging fruits and vegetables, and the like. If the thickness is thinner than 20 μm, it is difficult to make the thickness uniform, the strength of the film decreases and it becomes easy to break the bag when it is put on an automatic packaging machine, or the gas permeability becomes too high, and the effect of keeping the freshness of fruits and vegetables. May not be able to be demonstrated. In addition, the firmness of the film is reduced, and the commercial value of the packaged fruits and vegetables is likely to be reduced. Further, if the thickness of the film is thicker than 40 μm, the permeability of the gas becomes too low, the effect of maintaining freshness is lowered, and the economic efficiency as a packaging material is deteriorated, which is not preferable.

自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルム10の酸素透過度は2000~5500cm/(m・24hr・atm)である。該範囲とすると、包装袋内の酸素量を調整して青果物の鮮度の保持を図ることができる。酸素透過度が2000cm/(m・24hr・atm)より低いと、青果物の呼吸が不十分となり鮮度が低下しやすくなる。青果物のまわりの酸素濃度が極端に低い場合、青果物の呼吸が好気呼吸から無気呼吸に変わり、アルコール発酵によってエタノールが蓄積されて異臭の原因となるなどの低酸素障害も発生する。フィルムの酸素透過度が5500cm/(m・24hr・atm)より高いと、青果物の呼吸速度が速まりすぎて、青果物の貯蔵養分が失われ鮮度が低下しやすくなるおそれがある。酸素透過度を適切に制御することにより、フィルムの気体透過性を調節し、青果物の包装袋に用いた際に、内容物である青果物の鮮度を長く維持できる効果を奏する。 The oxygen permeability of the fruit and vegetable freshness-retaining film 10 for automatic packaging is 2000 to 5500 cm 3 / ( m 2.24 hr · atm). Within this range, the amount of oxygen in the packaging bag can be adjusted to maintain the freshness of fruits and vegetables. If the oxygen permeability is lower than 2000 cm 3 / ( m 2.24 hr · atm), the respiration of fruits and vegetables becomes insufficient and the freshness tends to decrease. When the oxygen concentration around fruits and vegetables is extremely low, the breathing of fruits and vegetables changes from aerobic breathing to aerobic breathing, and ethanol is accumulated by alcoholic fermentation, causing hypoxic disorders such as causing an offensive odor. If the oxygen permeability of the film is higher than 5500 cm 3 / ( m 2.24 hr · atm), the respiration rate of fruits and vegetables may become too fast, and the stored nutrients of fruits and vegetables may be lost and the freshness may be easily lowered. By appropriately controlling the oxygen permeability, the gas permeability of the film can be adjusted, and when used in a packaging bag for fruits and vegetables, the freshness of the fruits and vegetables as the content can be maintained for a long time.

基材層20は、ポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物からなり、プロピレン系樹脂組成物は、プロピレン単独重合体(A)3~80重量部と、プロピレンと少なくとも1種以上のα-オレフィンとの共重合体(B)20~97重量部の組成よりなる。(B)成分の含有量が20重量%より少ないと酸素透過度が低くなり、内包された青果物は呼吸が不十分となり鮮度が低下しやすくなる。また、(B)成分が多すぎると、フィルムのコシ感が低下し、自動包装適性が低下したり、青果物が包装された際の商品性が低下するおそれがある。 The base material layer 20 is made of a polypropylene-based resin composition, and the propylene-based resin composition is a copolymer of 3 to 80 parts by weight of the propylene homopolymer (A) and propylene and at least one α-olefin. (B) The composition is 20 to 97 parts by weight. When the content of the component (B) is less than 20% by weight, the oxygen permeability becomes low, and the contained fruits and vegetables tend to have insufficient respiration and the freshness tends to decrease. On the other hand, if the amount of the component (B) is too large, the firmness of the film may be lowered, the suitability for automatic packaging may be lowered, or the commerciality of the packaged fruits and vegetables may be lowered.

基材層に用いられるプロピレン単独重合体、プロピレンと1種以上のα-オレフィンとの共重合体の製造方法については、特に制限はなく、従来のスラリー重合法、バルク重合法、気相重合法等のいずれでもよい。例えば、日本ポリプロ社製「ノバテックPP」(登録商標)、「ウインテック」(登録商標)、「ニューコン」(登録商標)、エクソンモービル・ケミカル社製「ビスタマックス」(登録商標)、ダウ・ケミカル社製「バーシファイ」(登録商標)、三井化学社製「タフマー」(登録商標)、「タフマーPN」等が挙げられ、これらの商品群より適宜選択して、単独ないしは組み合わせて使用することができる。 The method for producing the propylene homopolymer used for the base material layer and the copolymer of propylene and one or more α-olefins is not particularly limited, and is a conventional slurry polymerization method, bulk polymerization method, or gas phase polymerization method. Etc. may be used. For example, "Novatec PP" (registered trademark), "Wintech" (registered trademark), "Newcon" (registered trademark) manufactured by Japan Polypropylene Corporation, "Vistamax" (registered trademark) manufactured by Exxon Mobile Chemical Co., Ltd., Dow. Chemical's "Versify" (registered trademark), Mitsui Chemicals' "Toughmer" (registered trademark), "Toughmer PN", etc. can be mentioned, and can be appropriately selected from these product groups and used alone or in combination. can.

プロピレンと1種以上のα-オレフィンとの共重合体(B)は、プロピレンと1種以上のα-オレフィンとの重合によるランダム共重合体、ブロック共重合体等から選択され、透明性に優れるランダム共重合体がより好ましい。α-オレフィンとしては、例えば、エチレン、1-ブテン、3-メチル-1-ブテン、1-ペンテン、4-メチル-1-ペンテン、1-ヘキセン、1-オクテン、1-デセン等の炭素数2~10程度のα-オレフィンが挙げられる。経済的な観点から、エチレン、1-ブテンが好適に用いられる。 The copolymer (B) of propylene and one or more kinds of α-olefins is selected from a random copolymer obtained by polymerizing propylene and one or more kinds of α-olefins, a block copolymer and the like, and has excellent transparency. Random copolymers are more preferred. Examples of the α-olefin include ethylene, 1-butene, 3-methyl-1-butene, 1-pentene, 4-methyl-1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-octene, 1-decene and the like having 2 carbon atoms. Examples thereof include about 10 α-olefins. From an economic point of view, ethylene and 1-butene are preferably used.

ランダム共重合体としては、プロピレンと1種以上のα-オレフィンとのランダム共重合体であれば特に限定されないが、具体的には、例えば、プロピレン・エチレンランダム共重合体、プロピレン・ブテンランダム共重合体、プロピレン・エチレン・ブテンランダム共重合体等を挙げることができる。このうち、結晶性を下げるため、プロピレン・エチレン・ブテンランダム共重合体が好ましく用いられる。 The random copolymer is not particularly limited as long as it is a random copolymer of propylene and one or more kinds of α-olefins, but specifically, for example, a propylene / ethylene random copolymer or a propylene / butene random copolymer. Examples thereof include polymers, propylene / ethylene / butene random copolymers, and the like. Of these, a propylene / ethylene / butene random copolymer is preferably used in order to reduce crystallinity.

また、積層体の両表面層に備えられるヒートシール層は、それぞれのヒートシール温度の温度差が5℃以上とされるのがよい。外面層のヒートシール温度を高くすることにより自動包装機のヒートシールバーへのヒートシール層の融着が抑制されて包装速度が上がったり、シール部の外観品質が向上する等、自動包装適性が向上する。なお、外面層のヒートシール層はヒートシールのために用いられるのではなく、主に防曇性の付与のため備えられる。 Further, the heat seal layers provided on both surface layers of the laminated body are preferably set to have a temperature difference of 5 ° C. or more between the heat seal temperatures. By raising the heat-sealing temperature of the outer layer, the fusion of the heat-sealing layer to the heat-sealing bar of the automatic packaging machine is suppressed, the packaging speed is increased, and the appearance quality of the sealed part is improved. do. The heat seal layer of the outer surface layer is not used for heat seal, but is mainly provided for imparting anti-fog property.

ヒートシール層は、ヒートシールに際して融着される熱可塑性樹脂層である。ヒートシール層を構成する樹脂材料は、良好に融着可能であれば特に限定されるものではないが、基材層との接着強度を考慮するとプロピレン重合体を主成分とすることが好ましい。ヒートシール性を有するという観点から、プロピレン系ランダム共重合体を使用することがより好ましい。ランダム共重合体としては、基材層と同じく、プロピレンと1種以上のα-オレフィンとのランダム共重合体であれば特に限定されないが、具体的には、例えば、プロピレン・エチレンランダム共重合体、プロピレン・ブテンランダム共重合体、プロピレン・エチレン・ブテンランダム共重合体等を挙げることができる。 The heat seal layer is a thermoplastic resin layer that is fused during heat seal. The resin material constituting the heat seal layer is not particularly limited as long as it can be fused well, but it is preferable to use a propylene polymer as a main component in consideration of the adhesive strength with the base material layer. From the viewpoint of having heat-sealing properties, it is more preferable to use a propylene-based random copolymer. The random copolymer is not particularly limited as long as it is a random copolymer of propylene and one or more kinds of α-olefins, as in the base layer, but specifically, for example, a propylene / ethylene random copolymer. , Propylene / butene random copolymer, propylene / ethylene / butene random copolymer and the like can be mentioned.

本発明の自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムには、本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲で、基材層または両表面層若しくは基材層と両表面層の両方に防曇剤、帯電防止剤、酸化防止剤、光安定剤、滑剤、アンチブロッキング剤等の公知の添加剤が適宜配合されていてもよい。この中で、青果物の鮮度保持や自動包装を行う観点としては、防曇剤、アンチブロッキング剤が添加されることが好ましい。 In the fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging of the present invention, an antifogging agent, an antistatic agent, and an oxidation agent are applied to the base material layer or both surface layers or both the base material layer and both surface layers as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired. Known additives such as an inhibitor, a light stabilizer, a lubricant, and an antiblocking agent may be appropriately blended. Among these, from the viewpoint of maintaining the freshness of fruits and vegetables and performing automatic packaging, it is preferable to add an anti-fog agent and an anti-blocking agent.

防曇剤としては、従来、防曇性フィルムに用いられているようなアルキルジエタノールアミン、アルキルジエタノールアミン脂肪酸エステル、グリセリン脂肪酸エステルの3系が挙げられる。3系の中で1種または2~3種の混合で使用されるが、中でも3種混合系の使用が好ましい。 Examples of the anti-fog agent include three systems of alkyldiethanolamine, alkyldiethanolamine fatty acid ester, and glycerin fatty acid ester, which are conventionally used for anti-fog films. It is used in 1 type or a mixture of 2 to 3 types in 3 types, and among them, the use of 3 types mixed system is preferable.

アンチブロッキング剤としては、一般に無機系のシリカや有機系の架橋アクリルビーズ等が使用される。防曇剤およびアンチブロッキング剤は、いずれも1種のみでもよく、また2種以上を併用しても良い。 As the anti-blocking agent, inorganic silica, organic crosslinked acrylic beads and the like are generally used. The anti-fog agent and the anti-blocking agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

さらに、包装に用いられるフィルムの表面には、一般にコロナ処理が施される。本発明の自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムについても同様である。コロナ処理によるフィルム表面のぬれ張力は、36mN/m~44mN/mが好ましい。ぬれ張力が36mN/m未満であると、防曇性の発現が十分でなく、また印刷を施す場合に印刷インキの密着性が悪く好ましくない。ぬれ張力が44mN/mを超えると、防曇剤の表面へのブリードアウトが著しくフィルムの白化やブロッキング現象が起こり、好ましくない。 Further, the surface of the film used for packaging is generally subjected to corona treatment. The same applies to the fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging of the present invention. The wetting tension of the film surface due to the corona treatment is preferably 36 mN / m to 44 mN / m. If the wetting tension is less than 36 mN / m, the anti-fog property is not sufficiently exhibited, and the adhesion of the printing ink is poor when printing is performed, which is not preferable. When the wetting tension exceeds 44 mN / m, the anti-fog agent bleeds out to the surface remarkably, causing whitening of the film and blocking phenomenon, which is not preferable.

〔自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムの作製〕
試作例1~5の自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムについて、後述の樹脂配合割合(重量部)に基づき、基材層、両表面層に対応する原料樹脂のペレット等を押出機に供給し、供給原料を溶融、混練して一度に三層の共押出Tダイフィルム成形機とこれに続く二軸延伸機により製膜した。延伸倍率は、縦方向(巻き取り方向,MD)5倍、横方向(幅方向,TD)8倍とし、逐次二軸延伸により製膜した。当該製膜後、両表面層に対し、コロナ処理を実施した。
[Making a freshness-preserving film for fruits and vegetables for automatic packaging]
Regarding the fruits and vegetables freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging of Prototype Examples 1 to 5, based on the resin blending ratio (part by weight) described later, pellets of raw material resin corresponding to the base material layer and both surface layers are supplied to the extruder and supplied. The raw materials were melted and kneaded, and a film was formed by a three-layer coextrusion T-die film forming machine and a subsequent biaxial stretching machine. The stretching ratio was 5 times in the vertical direction (winding direction, MD) and 8 times in the horizontal direction (width direction, TD), and the film was formed by sequential biaxial stretching. After the film formation, both surface layers were subjected to corona treatment.

〔使用原料〕
基材層を形成する樹脂原料として、以下の原料を使用した。
<(A)成分>
・樹脂(PP1):ホモポリプロピレン樹脂(日本ポリプロ株式会社製、「FL203D」)
<(B)成分>
・樹脂(PP2):ランダムポリプロピレン(日本ポリプロ株式会社製、「NAH4B」)
[Ingredients used]
The following raw materials were used as the resin raw materials for forming the base material layer.
<Ingredient (A)>
-Resin (PP1): Homopolypropylene resin (manufactured by Japan Polypropylene Corporation, "FL203D")
<Ingredient (B)>
-Resin (PP2): Random polypropylene (manufactured by Japan Polypropylene Corporation, "NAH4B")

次に、両表面層を形成する樹脂原料として、以下の原料を使用した。また、それぞれの樹脂を層としたときのヒートシール温度を記載した。
・樹脂(PP1):ホモポリプロピレン樹脂(日本ポリプロ株式会社製、「FL203D」)、ヒートシール温度196℃
・樹脂(PP3):ランダムポリプロピレン(日本ポリプロ株式会社製、「FX4E」)、ヒートシール温度142℃
・樹脂(PP4):ランダムポリプロピレン(日本ポリプロ株式会社製、「FX4G」)、ヒートシール温度132℃
Next, the following raw materials were used as the resin raw materials forming both surface layers. In addition, the heat seal temperature when each resin is used as a layer is described.
-Resin (PP1): Homopolypropylene resin (manufactured by Japan Polypropylene Corporation, "FL203D"), heat seal temperature 196 ° C.
-Resin (PP3): Random polypropylene (manufactured by Japan Polypropylene Corporation, "FX4E"), heat seal temperature 142 ° C.
-Resin (PP4): Random polypropylene (manufactured by Japan Polypropylene Corporation, "FX4G"), heat seal temperature 132 ° C.

[試作例1]
基材層のうち、(A)成分として樹脂(PP1)を40重量部、(B)成分として樹脂(PP2)を60重量部の割合で混合し、230℃で押出した。表面層には内側(ヒートシールされる面)には樹脂(PP3)を使用して200℃で押出し、外側には樹脂(PP1)を使用して230℃で押出した。外面層:基材層:内面層の厚みの比が、1:23:1となるようそれぞれの原料の吐出量を調整して25μmの厚みとし、試作例1の自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムを得た。
[Prototype example 1]
Of the base material layer, 40 parts by weight of the resin (PP1) was mixed as the component (A) and 60 parts by weight of the resin (PP2) was mixed as the component (B), and the mixture was extruded at 230 ° C. The surface layer was extruded at 200 ° C. using a resin (PP3) on the inside (heat-sealed surface) and extruded at 230 ° C. using a resin (PP1) on the outside. Adjust the discharge amount of each raw material so that the ratio of the thickness of the outer surface layer: the base material layer: the inner surface layer is 1:23: 1 to a thickness of 25 μm, and use the fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging of Prototype Example 1. Obtained.

[試作例2]
基材層の(A)成分の樹脂(PP1)を56重量部、(B)成分の樹脂(PP2)を44重量部とした以外は試作例1と同様として、試作例2の自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムを得た。
[Prototype example 2]
The same as Prototype Example 1 except that the resin (PP1) of the component (A) of the base material layer was 56 parts by weight and the resin (PP2) of the component (B) was 44 parts by weight, and the fruits and vegetables for automatic packaging of Prototype Example 2 were used. A freshness-preserving film was obtained.

[試作例3]
基材層の(A)成分の樹脂(PP1)を72重量部、(B)成分の樹脂(PP2)を28重量部とした以外は試作例1と同様として、試作例3の自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムを得た。
[Prototype example 3]
The same as Prototype Example 1 except that the resin (PP1) of the component (A) of the base material layer was 72 parts by weight and the resin (PP2) of the component (B) was 28 parts by weight, and the fruits and vegetables for automatic packaging of Prototype Example 3 were used. A freshness-preserving film was obtained.

[試作例4]
基材層の(A)成分の樹脂(PP1)を14重量部、(B)成分の樹脂(PP2)を86重量部とし、内面層に樹脂(PP4)を使用し、外面層に樹脂(PP3)を使用して200℃で押出し、外面層:基材層:内面層の厚みの比が、1:28:1となるようそれぞれの原料の吐出量を調整して30μmの厚みとし、試作例4の自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムを得た。
[Prototype example 4]
The base material layer contains 14 parts by weight of the resin (PP1) of the component (A), 86 parts by weight of the resin (PP2) of the component (B), the resin (PP4) is used for the inner layer, and the resin (PP3) is used for the outer layer. ) Was extruded at 200 ° C., and the discharge amount of each raw material was adjusted so that the ratio of the thickness of the outer surface layer: the base material layer: the inner surface layer was 1:28: 1 to a thickness of 30 μm. The freshness-preserving film for fruits and vegetables for automatic packaging of No. 4 was obtained.

[試作例5]
基材層の(A)成分の樹脂(PP1)を20重量部、(B)成分の樹脂(PP2)を80重量部とした以外は試作例1と同様として、試作例5の自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムを得た。
[Prototype Example 5]
The same as Prototype Example 1 except that the resin (PP1) of the component (A) of the base material layer was 20 parts by weight and the resin (PP2) of the component (B) was 80 parts by weight, and the fruits and vegetables for automatic packaging of Prototype Example 5 were used. A freshness-preserving film was obtained.

〔鮮度保持試験1(葉ネギ)〕
上記の試作例1~5及び下記の比較例1,2のフィルムを用いて、長さ670mm、幅75mmとするそれぞれのフィルムに対応する包装袋を作製し、葉ネギを対象とした鮮度保持試験1を行った。各包装袋には収穫した葉ネギ約100g(20~40本)が収容され、下記の比較例3の包装袋を除く各試作例及び比較例1,2の包装袋の開口部をヒートシールにより密封包装した。
[Freshness retention test 1 (leaf onion)]
Using the films of the above prototype examples 1 to 5 and the following comparative examples 1 and 2, a packaging bag corresponding to each film having a length of 670 mm and a width of 75 mm was prepared, and a freshness retention test was performed on leaf onions. 1 was done. Approximately 100 g (20 to 40) of harvested green onions are stored in each packaging bag, and the openings of the packaging bags of each trial production example and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 except for the packaging bag of Comparative Example 3 below are heat-sealed. Sealed and packaged.

[比較例1]
・二軸延伸ポリプロピレンフィルム(フタムラ化学株式会社製、「AF-642S」、厚み25μm)
[Comparative Example 1]
-Biaxially stretched polypropylene film (manufactured by Futamura Chemical Co., Ltd., "AF-642S", thickness 25 μm)

[比較例2]
・微孔が形成された二軸延伸ポリプロピレンフィルム(住友ベークライト株式会社製、「P-プラス」(葉ネギ用)、厚み25μm)
[Comparative Example 2]
-Biaxially stretched polypropylene film with micropores (manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd., "P-Plus" (for leaf onions), thickness 25 μm)

[比較例3]
また、比較例1と同一のフィルムを用いて、開口部をゴザ目包装した非密封包装の青果物鮮度保持包装袋を作製し、比較例3の包装袋とした。
[Comparative Example 3]
Further, using the same film as in Comparative Example 1, a non-sealed fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving packaging bag in which the openings were sack-wrapped was produced and used as the packaging bag of Comparative Example 3.

葉ネギを包装した各試作例及び比較例の包装袋を5袋ずつ用意し、それらを15℃で保存し、4日後及び7日後の内容物である葉ネギの鮮度を評価した。評価項目として、立ち上がりの程度、葉先枯れの程度及び開封時の異臭を調査した。また、同様に、各試作例及び比較例の包装袋を5袋ずつ用意し、4日後及び7日後の内容物である葉ネギのクロロフィル含量及び全糖含量を測定した。さらに、試作例1~試作例5及び比較例1,2のフィルムの酸素透過度及び弾性率を測定した。 Five packaging bags of each prototype and comparative example in which leaf onions were packaged were prepared, and they were stored at 15 ° C., and the freshness of the leaf onions, which were the contents after 4 days and 7 days, was evaluated. As evaluation items, the degree of rising, the degree of leaf tip withering, and the offensive odor at the time of opening were investigated. Similarly, 5 packaging bags for each of the prototypes and comparative examples were prepared, and the chlorophyll content and total sugar content of the leaf onions, which were the contents after 4 days and 7 days, were measured. Further, the oxygen permeability and elastic modulus of the films of Prototype Examples 1 to 5 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were measured.

〔立ち上がりの程度の評価〕
野菜の収穫後の生理反応として、背地性がある。背地性とは、植物の茎が重力と反対方向に延びようとするものであって、アスパラガス、ネギ、シュンギク等の青果物は寝かせた状態で流通・貯蔵されると、茎や葉が立ち上がろうとして屈曲するため、商品性が損なわれる原因となる。
[Evaluation of the degree of rise]
As a physiological reaction after harvesting vegetables, there is hinterland. The hinterland is that the stem of a plant tries to extend in the direction opposite to the gravity, and when fruits and vegetables such as asparagus, leeks, and chrysanthemums are distributed and stored in a laid state, the stems and leaves will rise. As it bends, it causes a loss of commercial value.

そこで、内容物の葉ネギの立ち上がりの程度を、評価者4名による目視による観察を行い、下記の基準に基づき点数化した。試作例及び比較例の包装袋5袋内の全ての葉ネギについて、それぞれの評価者が評価した点数について平均値を算出し、評価した。
0:なし(立ち上がりが全く認められない状態)
1:僅か(僅かに認められるものの、商品性には何ら問題がない状態)
2:葉数の約1/3(商品性に影響を及ぼす状態)
3:葉数の約2/3~ほぼ全葉(激しく認められる状態)
Therefore, the degree of rising of the green onions in the contents was visually observed by four evaluators and scored based on the following criteria. For all the leaf onions in the five packaging bags of the prototype example and the comparative example, the average value was calculated and evaluated for the scores evaluated by each evaluator.
0: None (state in which no rise is observed)
1: Slight (although it is slightly recognized, there is no problem with commerciality)
2: Approximately 1/3 of the number of leaves (state that affects commercial value)
3: Approximately 2/3 to almost all leaves of the number of leaves (state that is strongly observed)

〔開封時の異臭の評価〕
同様に、開封時の異臭について評価者4名による評価を行い、下記の基準に基づき点数化し、平均値を算出した。
0:異臭が全く認められない状態
1:僅かに認められるものの、商品性には何ら問題がない状態
2:商品性に影響を及ぼす状態
3:激しく認められる状態
[Evaluation of offensive odor at the time of opening]
Similarly, the offensive odor at the time of opening was evaluated by four evaluators, scored based on the following criteria, and the average value was calculated.
0: A state in which no offensive odor is observed 1: A state in which a slight amount is observed but there is no problem in commerciality 2: A condition in which the commerciality is affected 3: A condition in which it is severely observed

〔葉先枯れの程度の評価〕
内容物の葉ネギの葉先枯れの程度を、葉先からの枯れないしは萎凋している箇所の長さを測定し、下記の基準に基づき点数化した。
0:葉先枯れの範囲なし
1:葉先枯れの範囲が先端から0.1~2.5cmまで
2:葉先枯れの範囲が先端から2.6~5.0cmまで
3:葉先枯れの範囲が先端から5.1~7.5cmまで
4:葉先枯れの範囲が先端から7.6~10.0cmまで
5:葉先枯れの範囲が先端から10.1cm以上
[Evaluation of the degree of leaf tip withering]
The degree of leaf tip withering of the contents of the leaf onion was measured, and the length of the wilted part of the leaf tip was measured and scored based on the following criteria.
0: No range of leaf tip withering 1: Leaf tip withering range is 0.1 to 2.5 cm from the tip 2: Leaf tip withering range is 2.6 to 5.0 cm from the tip 3: Leaf tip withering The range is 5.1 to 7.5 cm from the tip 4: The range of leaf tip withering is 7.6 to 10.0 cm from the tip 5: The range of leaf tip withering is 10.1 cm or more from the tip

各試作例及び比較例の包装袋5袋内の全ての葉ネギについて点数化し、下記の(i)式に当てはめて各試作例及び比較例の包装袋の指数(W)を算出し、葉先枯れの程度の評価とした。該指数が10を超えると、葉先枯れ部分が目立ちはじめ、20を超えると商品性が認められない程度に枯れている状態である。(i)式のうち、Nは0点の葉ネギの本数(5袋中)、Nは1点の葉ネギの本数、Nは2点の葉ネギの本数、Nは3点の葉ネギの本数、Nは4点の葉ネギの本数、Nは5点の葉ネギの本数であり、Nは5袋中の葉ネギの総本数である。 All leaf green onions in the five packaging bags of each prototype and comparative example were scored, and the index (W) of the packaging bag of each prototype and comparative example was calculated by applying the following formula (i) to the leaf tip. The degree of withering was evaluated. When the index exceeds 10, the leaf tip withered portion begins to stand out, and when the index exceeds 20, it is in a state of withering to the extent that commerciality is not recognized. In formula (i), N 0 is the number of green onions with 0 points (out of 5 bags), N 1 is the number of green onions with 1 point, N 2 is the number of green onions with 2 points, and N 3 is 3 points. The number of leaf onions is N 4 , the number of leaf green onions at 4 points, N 5 is the number of leaf green onions at 5 points, and N is the total number of leaf green onions in 5 bags.

Figure 0007082153000001
Figure 0007082153000001

〔クロロフィル含量の減少率の測定〕
クロロフィル含量は、葉ネギの葉先20cmの葉身部分を99.5%エタノールで抽出し遠心分離した後定容して、分光光度計(日本分光株式会社製、「V-550」)を用い、750nm、665nmおよび649nmの波長における吸光度を測定した。収穫時の葉ネギのクロロフィル含量を基準値とし、保存4日後、7日後のクロロフィル含量の減少量を百分率で算出し、クロロフィル含量の減少率(%)とした。表中、クロロフィル含量の減少率は、5袋のうちからランダムに選ばれた2本の葉ネギ(計10本)のクロロフィル含量の減少率を算出し、最大値と最小値を除外した8つの値の平均値である。クロロフィルは植物として光合成を行うために必須の物質であって、葉緑体に含まれる青果物の外観色として重要な成分である。減少率の数値が高い葉ネギほど、クロロフィル含量が少ない。
[Measurement of reduction rate of chlorophyll content]
The chlorophyll content is determined by extracting the leaf blade portion of the leaf tip 20 cm with 99.5% ethanol, centrifuging it, and then deciding the volume, and using a spectrophotometer (manufactured by JASCO Corporation, "V-550"). , 750 nm, 665 nm and 649 nm were measured for absorbance. Using the chlorophyll content of leaf green onions at the time of harvest as a reference value, the amount of decrease in chlorophyll content after 4 days and 7 days after storage was calculated as a percentage, and the rate of decrease in chlorophyll content (%) was used. In the table, the reduction rate of chlorophyll content is calculated by calculating the reduction rate of chlorophyll content of 2 leaf onions (10 in total) randomly selected from 5 bags, and 8 values excluding the maximum and minimum values. The average value of the values. Chlorophyll is an essential substance for photosynthesis as a plant, and is an important component for the appearance color of fruits and vegetables contained in chloroplasts. The higher the reduction rate, the lower the chlorophyll content.

〔全糖含量の減少率の測定〕
青果物に含まれる主要な糖はブドウ糖、果糖、ショ糖である。そして、青果物に含まれる糖は、一般に収穫後から経時的に減少する。そこで、全糖含量の減少率を測定することで、葉ネギの鮮度の指標とした。根を切断した葉ネギを80%熱エタノールで加熱処理し、糖を抽出した。定容後、抽出液に塩酸を加えて加水分解し、還元糖液を得た。水酸化ナトリウムで中和した後、ソモギ・ネルソン法により測定した。収穫時の葉ネギの全糖含量を基準値とし、保存4日後、7日後の全糖含量の減少量を百分率で算出し、全糖含量の減少率(%)とした。表中、全糖含量の減少率は、5袋それぞれからランダムに選ばれた2本の葉ネギ(計10本)の全糖含量の減少率を算出し、最大値と最小値を除外した8つの値の平均値である。
[Measurement of reduction rate of total sugar content]
The main sugars contained in fruits and vegetables are glucose, fructose, and sucrose. The sugar contained in fruits and vegetables generally decreases with time after harvesting. Therefore, by measuring the rate of decrease in total sugar content, it was used as an index of the freshness of leaf onions. The root-cut leaf onions were heat-treated with 80% hot ethanol to extract sugar. After the volume was adjusted, hydrochloric acid was added to the extract and hydrolyzed to obtain a reducing sugar solution. After neutralization with sodium hydroxide, it was measured by the Somogi-Nelson method. The total sugar content of the green onions at the time of harvest was used as a reference value, and the amount of decrease in the total sugar content after 4 days and 7 days after storage was calculated as a percentage, and the reduction rate (%) of the total sugar content was used. In the table, the reduction rate of the total sugar content was calculated by calculating the reduction rate of the total sugar content of 2 leaf onions (10 in total) randomly selected from each of the 5 bags, and the maximum value and the minimum value were excluded. It is the average value of the two values.

〔酸素透過度の測定〕
次に、各試作例及び比較例のフィルムの酸素透過度(cm/(m・24hr・atm))を測定した。酸素透過度は、酸素ガスの透過量を示す数値であって、JIS K 7126-1(2006)(差圧法)に準拠し測定した。有孔のフィルムについては差圧法による酸素透過度の測定ができないため、表中の表記を「-」とした。
[Measurement of oxygen permeability]
Next, the oxygen permeability (cm 3 / ( m 2.24 hr · atm)) of the films of each prototype and comparative example was measured. The oxygen permeability is a numerical value indicating the permeation amount of oxygen gas, and was measured in accordance with JIS K 7126-1 (2006) (differential pressure method). Since the oxygen permeability of the perforated film cannot be measured by the differential pressure method, the notation in the table is "-".

〔弾性率の測定〕
併せて、各試作例及び比較例のフィルムの縦方向(巻き取り方向,MD)及び横方向(幅方向,TD)の弾性率(GPa)を、JIS K 7127(1999)に準拠して測定した。弾性率の高いフィルムほど、剛性が高く、コシ感が強い。自動包装機による包装への適性を評価するための指標とした。
[Measurement of elastic modulus]
At the same time, the elastic modulus (GPa) of the films of each prototype and comparative example in the vertical direction (winding direction, MD) and the horizontal direction (width direction, TD) was measured in accordance with JIS K 7127 (1999). .. The higher the elastic modulus, the higher the rigidity and the stronger the feeling of elasticity. It was used as an index to evaluate the suitability for packaging by an automatic packaging machine.

各試作例及び比較例の包装袋の内容物である葉ネギの立ち上がりの程度、開封時の異臭の評価、葉先枯れの程度、クロロフィル含量の減少率、全糖含量の減少率及び各試作例及び比較例のフィルムの酸素透過度(cm/(m・24hr・atm))と、弾性率(GPa)を表1及び表2に示す。 Degree of rise of leaf onion, which is the content of the packaging bag of each prototype and comparative example, evaluation of offensive odor at the time of opening, degree of leaf tip withering, reduction rate of chlorophyll content, reduction rate of total sugar content and each prototype The oxygen permeability (cm 3 / ( m 2.24 hr · atm)) and elastic modulus (GPa) of the film of the comparative example are shown in Tables 1 and 2.

Figure 0007082153000002
Figure 0007082153000002

Figure 0007082153000003
Figure 0007082153000003

〔結果と考察〕
表1及び表2に示されるように、試作例1~試作例5の包装袋は、比較例1の包装袋と比較して、葉ネギの鮮度が良好に保持された。また、試作例1~試作例5の包装袋は、微孔が形成されたフィルムを用いた比較例2の包装袋や非密封包装である比較例3の包装袋と比較しても、葉ネギの鮮度が良好に保持された。
〔Results and discussion〕
As shown in Tables 1 and 2, the packaging bags of Prototype Examples 1 to 5 maintained the freshness of the green onions better than the packaging bags of Comparative Example 1. Further, the packaging bags of Prototype Examples 1 to 5 are leaf onions even when compared with the packaging bag of Comparative Example 2 using the film having micropores formed and the packaging bag of Comparative Example 3 which is unsealed packaging. The freshness of the was well maintained.

具体的には、試作例1~試作例5の包装袋にあっては、葉ネギが密封包装されてから15℃で保存7日後においても開封時の異臭は認められず、立ち上がりや葉先枯れといった葉ネギの外観鮮度の低下やクロロフィル含量、全糖含量といった成分含量の低下はほとんど認められなかった。 Specifically, in the packaging bags of Prototype Examples 1 to 5, no offensive odor was observed at the time of opening even 7 days after the leaf onions were sealed and packaged and stored at 15 ° C. There was almost no decrease in the appearance freshness of leaf onions and the content of components such as chlorophyll content and total sugar content.

立ち上がりの程度について、比較例2及び比較例3では、保存7日後の立ち上がりの程度が1.0を超え、商品性としては損なわれる結果であった。開封時の異臭については、酸素透過度の低い比較例1では、保存4日後に開封時の異臭が認められ、商品性が損なわれた状態であった。また、葉先枯れの程度について、比較例2及び比較例3では、保存7日後の葉先枯れの程度が20.0を超えており、葉ネギの顕著な品質劣化が窺えた。 Regarding the degree of rise, in Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3, the degree of rise after 7 days of storage exceeded 1.0, resulting in impaired commercial value. Regarding the offensive odor at the time of opening, in Comparative Example 1 having a low oxygen permeability, an offensive odor at the time of opening was observed 4 days after storage, and the commercial value was impaired. Regarding the degree of leaf tip withering, in Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3, the degree of leaf tip withering after 7 days of storage exceeded 20.0, indicating that the quality of the green onion was significantly deteriorated.

クロロフィル含量の減少率について、比較例2及び比較例3では、保存7日後のクロロフィル含量の減少率が20%を超えており、葉ネギの外観鮮度が著しく損なわれる結果であった。全糖含量の減少率について、比較例3では、保存7日後の全糖含量の減少率が20%を超えており、葉ネギの鮮度が著しく損なわれる結果であった。 Regarding the reduction rate of the chlorophyll content, in Comparative Example 2 and Comparative Example 3, the reduction rate of the chlorophyll content after 7 days of storage exceeded 20%, and the result was that the appearance freshness of the leaf onion was significantly impaired. Regarding the reduction rate of the total sugar content, in Comparative Example 3, the reduction rate of the total sugar content after 7 days of storage exceeded 20%, which was a result that the freshness of the leaf onion was significantly impaired.

さらに、試作例4を用いて、自動包装機(大森機械工業株式会社製、「CS-3600X」)により自動包装を行ったところ、52個/分の速度条件にて葉ネギの自動包装が可能であった。このことから、弾性率が試作例4と同等ないしそれ以上である他の試作例についても、自動包装機への適性を有する。 Furthermore, when automatic packaging was performed using an automatic packaging machine (manufactured by Omori Machinery Co., Ltd., "CS-3600X") using Prototype Example 4, automatic packaging of green onions was possible at a speed condition of 52 pieces / minute. Met. From this, other prototype examples having an elastic modulus equal to or higher than that of the prototype example 4 are also suitable for an automatic packaging machine.

以上から、試作例1~試作例5においては、一般の延伸ポリプロピレンフィルムであり酸素透過度の低い比較例1や、微孔が形成された鮮度保持フィルムである比較例2及び非密封包装袋である比較例3よりも長く、7日後まで葉ネギの鮮度を保持できることが明らかとなった。 From the above, in Prototype Examples 1 to 5, Comparative Example 1 which is a general stretched polypropylene film and has low oxygen permeability, Comparative Example 2 which is a freshness-preserving film having fine pores formed, and an unsealed packaging bag are used. It was revealed that the freshness of the leaf onion could be maintained until 7 days later, which was longer than that of a certain Comparative Example 3.

〔鮮度保持試験2(ラディッシュ)〕
上記の試作例4及び下記の比較例4,5のフィルムを用いて、長さ300mm、幅145mmとするそれぞれのフィルムに対応する包装袋を作製し、ラディッシュを対象とした鮮度保持試験2を行った。試作例4及び比較例5の包装袋には収穫したラディッシュ約80g(5本)が収容され、各包装袋の開口部をヒートシールにより密封包装した。なお、比較例4の包装袋にあっては、表面と裏面に2つずつ、包装袋の底辺から2cm、左右両側辺から2cmの位置に計4つの孔(直径6mm)を形成した後、ラディッシュ約80g(5本)が収容され、該包装袋の開口部をヒートシールして非密封包装の青果物鮮度保持包装袋とした。
[Freshness retention test 2 (radish)]
Using the films of Prototype Example 4 above and Comparative Examples 4 and 5 below, packaging bags corresponding to the films having a length of 300 mm and a width of 145 mm were prepared, and a freshness retention test 2 for radishes was performed. rice field. About 80 g (5 pieces) of harvested radishes were contained in the packaging bags of Prototype Example 4 and Comparative Example 5, and the openings of each packaging bag were hermetically sealed and packaged by heat sealing. In the packaging bag of Comparative Example 4, a total of four holes (6 mm in diameter) were formed on the front surface and the back surface, 2 cm from the bottom of the packaging bag and 2 cm from both the left and right sides, and then the radish. Approximately 80 g (5 bottles) was accommodated, and the opening of the packaging bag was heat-sealed to obtain an unsealed package for maintaining the freshness of fruits and vegetables.

[比較例4]
・二軸延伸ポリプロピレンフィルム(フタムラ化学株式会社製、「AF-642」、厚み20μm)
[Comparative Example 4]
-Biaxially stretched polypropylene film (manufactured by Futamura Chemical Co., Ltd., "AF-642", thickness 20 μm)

[比較例5]
・微孔が形成された二軸延伸ポリプロピレンフィルム(住友ベークライト株式会社製、「P-プラス」(ラディッシュ用)、厚み20μm)
[Comparative Example 5]
-Biaxially stretched polypropylene film with micropores (manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd., "P-Plus" (for radishes), thickness 20 μm)

ラディッシュを包装した試作例4及び比較例4,5の包装袋を3袋ずつ用意し、それらを10℃、15℃及び20℃で保存した。10℃及び15℃条件下では、2日後、4日後及び7日後の内容物であるラディッシュの鮮度を評価し、20℃条件下では2日後及び4日後のラディッシュの鮮度を評価した。評価項目として、開封時の異臭を調査し、葉緑素値を測定した。なお、開封時の異臭の評価は前掲の葉ネギにおける鮮度保持試験1と同様である。 Three packaging bags of Prototype Example 4 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5 in which radishes were packaged were prepared, and they were stored at 10 ° C., 15 ° C. and 20 ° C. Under the conditions of 10 ° C. and 15 ° C., the freshness of the radishes which were the contents after 2 days, 4 days and 7 days was evaluated, and under the conditions of 20 ° C., the freshness of the radishes after 2 days and 4 days was evaluated. As an evaluation item, the offensive odor at the time of opening was investigated, and the chlorophyll value was measured. The evaluation of the offensive odor at the time of opening is the same as the freshness maintenance test 1 in the above-mentioned leaf onion.

〔葉緑素値の測定〕
葉緑素値は、葉緑素計(コニカミノルタ株式会社製、「SPAD-502」)を用いて測定した。表中の葉緑素値は、保存開始時の葉緑素の値を100としたときの数値であり、3袋からランダムに選ばれた10本のラディッシュの葉の上部、中部及び下部のそれぞれ葉緑素の値を測定し、平均した値である。葉緑素値はクロロフィル含量と相関があり、葉緑素値の数値が低いものほど、クロロフィル含量が少ないことが示される。葉緑素値が保存開始時の80%以上が商品性の限界とした。
[Measurement of chlorophyll level]
The chlorophyll value was measured using a chlorophyll meter ("SPAD-502" manufactured by Konica Minolta Co., Ltd.). The chlorophyll value in the table is a value when the chlorophyll value at the start of storage is 100, and the chlorophyll values of the upper, middle and lower parts of 10 radishes randomly selected from 3 bags are used. Measured and averaged. The chlorophyll value correlates with the chlorophyll content, and the lower the chlorophyll value, the lower the chlorophyll content. The chlorophyll value of 80% or more at the start of storage was set as the limit of commerciality.

試作例4及び比較例4,5の包装袋の内容物であるラディッシュの開封時の異臭の評価及び葉緑素値を、保存温度が10℃のものを表3、15℃のものを表4、20℃のものを表5に示す。 Evaluation of offensive odor and chlorophyll value at the time of opening the radish, which is the contents of the packaging bags of Prototype Examples 4 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5, are shown in Tables 3 and 20 for those with a storage temperature of 10 ° C and Tables 4 and 20 for those with a storage temperature of 10 ° C. Table 5 shows the ones at ° C.

Figure 0007082153000004
Figure 0007082153000004

Figure 0007082153000005
Figure 0007082153000005

Figure 0007082153000006
Figure 0007082153000006

〔結果と考察〕
表3~表5に示されるように、試作例4の包装袋は、比較例4の包装袋と比較してラディッシュの鮮度が良好に保持された。また、試作例4の包装袋は、微孔が形成された比較例5の包装袋と同等の鮮度保持効果が示された。
〔Results and discussion〕
As shown in Tables 3 to 5, the packaging bag of Prototype Example 4 maintained the freshness of the radish better than the packaging bag of Comparative Example 4. Further, the packaging bag of Prototype Example 4 showed the same freshness-retaining effect as the packaging bag of Comparative Example 5 in which micropores were formed.

具体的には、試作例4の包装袋にあっては、密封包装してから10℃で保存7日後、15℃で保存4日後、あるいは20℃で保存2日後においても開封時の異臭や、葉緑素値の低下はほとんど認められなかった。 Specifically, in the case of the packaging bag of Prototype Example 4, a strange odor at the time of opening even after 7 days of storage at 10 ° C, 4 days after storage at 15 ° C, or 2 days after storage at 20 ° C after hermetically sealed packaging. Almost no decrease in chlorophyll level was observed.

葉緑素値については、比較例4では10℃で保存7日後、15℃で保存4日後、20℃で保存2日後において、葉緑素値が80%未満となっており、ラディッシュの外観鮮度が著しく損なわれる結果であった。試作例4及び比較例5では、いずれの保存温度においても同等の結果となった。 Regarding the chlorophyll value, in Comparative Example 4, the chlorophyll value was less than 80% after 7 days of storage at 10 ° C, 4 days after storage at 15 ° C, and 2 days after storage at 20 ° C, and the appearance freshness of the radish was significantly impaired. It was a result. In Prototype Example 4 and Comparative Example 5, the same results were obtained at both storage temperatures.

以上から、試作例4においては、延伸されたポリプロピレンフィルムに孔が形成された非密封包装袋である比較例4よりも、ラディッシュの鮮度を長く保持できることが示された。また、試作例4は、鮮度保持フィルムとして用いられる比較例5と同等の鮮度保持効果を有することが明らかとなった。試作例4に係る自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムは、比較例5のフィルムと比較して、フィルムに微細な孔を形成する加工を施すことなく内容物であるラディッシュの鮮度保持が可能であることから、経済性に優れる。 From the above, it was shown that in Prototype Example 4, the freshness of the radish can be maintained longer than in Comparative Example 4, which is an unsealed packaging bag in which holes are formed in the stretched polypropylene film. Further, it was clarified that Prototype Example 4 has the same freshness-preserving effect as Comparative Example 5 used as a freshness-preserving film. Compared with the film of Comparative Example 5, the fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging according to Prototype Example 4 can maintain the freshness of the content of the radish without forming fine holes in the film. Therefore, it is excellent in economy.

〔まとめ〕
試作例1~試作例5に示される本発明の自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムは、酸素透過度を適切に制御することにより、青果物を包装した際に、青果物の鮮度を長く保持することができる。また、該フィルムが一定の剛性を有するとともに、両表面層にヒートシール層を備えることにより、自動包装機による自動包装適性を備える。さらに、微細な孔等を形成することなく内容物である青果物の鮮度保持効果を有することから、フィルムの作製に際し経済性に優れる。
〔summary〕
The fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging shown in Prototype Examples 1 to 5 can maintain the freshness of fruits and vegetables for a long time when the fruits and vegetables are packaged by appropriately controlling the oxygen permeability. .. Further, the film has a certain rigidity and is provided with heat seal layers on both surface layers, so that the film is suitable for automatic packaging by an automatic packaging machine. Further, since it has an effect of maintaining the freshness of fruits and vegetables, which are the contents, without forming fine pores and the like, it is excellent in economy when producing a film.

なお、今般評価試験では、葉ネギ及びラディッシュを対象として本発明の自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムの鮮度保持性能を評価したが、適度な低酸素、高二酸化炭素状態により鮮度保持を行うことができる青果物であれば、特に限定されることなく適用が可能である。 In this evaluation test, the freshness-retaining performance of the fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging of the present invention was evaluated for leaf onions and radishes, but the freshness can be maintained by an appropriate low oxygen and high carbon dioxide state. As long as it is a fruit or vegetable, it can be applied without particular limitation.

本発明の自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムは、適切な酸素透過度を備えることから、内容物である青果物を包装した際に、青果物の鮮度を良好に保持することが可能であるとともに、フィルムに微細な孔を形成する加工や、異なるフィルムの貼着等の手間をかけることなく製造することができることから、生産性や経済性にも優れる。さらには、青果物の鮮度の保持が可能となれば、フードロスに対する貢献が期待できる。従って、既存の青果物包装用フィルムの代替として有望である。 Since the fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging of the present invention has appropriate oxygen permeability, it is possible to maintain the freshness of fruits and vegetables well when packaging the fruits and vegetables as the content, and the film can be used. It is also excellent in productivity and economy because it can be manufactured without the trouble of forming fine pores and attaching different films. Furthermore, if it becomes possible to maintain the freshness of fruits and vegetables, it can be expected to contribute to food loss. Therefore, it is a promising alternative to existing fruit and vegetable packaging films.

10 自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルム
20 積層体
21 基材層
22 外面層
23 内面層
10 Freshness-preserving film for fruits and vegetables for automatic packaging 20 Laminated body 21 Base material layer 22 Outer surface layer 23 Inner surface layer

Claims (3)

自動包装機により青果物を包装し製袋されるとともに、内容物である前記青果物の鮮度を保持する自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムであって、
両表面層にヒートシール性を有する層を備えた3層以上の共押出による積層体よりなるとともに、ポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物からなる基材層を有し、二軸延伸により製膜されてなり、
前記ポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物がプロピレン単独重合体(A)及びプロピレンと少なくとも1種以上のα-オレフィンとの共重合体(B)とを含むポリプロピレン系樹脂組成物であって、前記プロピレン単独重合体(A)が3~80重量部と前記プロピレンと少なくとも1種以上のα-オレフィンとの共重合体(B)が20~97重量部とする組成であり、
前記積層体の両表面層の一側の表面層と他側の表面層それぞれのヒートシール温度の温度差が5℃以上であり、
前記自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムの厚みが20~40μmであり、
酸素透過度が2000~5500cm/(m・24hr・atm)である
ことを特徴とする自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルム。
A fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging that wraps and manufactures fruits and vegetables with an automatic wrapping machine and retains the freshness of the fruits and vegetables as the contents.
It is composed of three or more coextruded laminates having heat-sealing layers on both surface layers, and has a base layer made of a polypropylene-based resin composition, and is formed by biaxial stretching.
The polypropylene-based resin composition is a polypropylene-based resin composition containing a propylene homopolymer (A) and a copolymer (B) of propylene and at least one α-olefin, and the propylene homopolymer. (A) has a composition of 3 to 80 parts by weight, and the polymer (B) of the propylene and at least one kind of α-olefin is 20 to 97 parts by weight.
The temperature difference between the heat seal temperature of each of the surface layer on one side and the surface layer on the other side of both surface layers of the laminate is 5 ° C. or more.
The thickness of the fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging is 20 to 40 μm, and the thickness is 20 to 40 μm.
A fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging characterized by an oxygen permeability of 2000 to 5500 cm 3 / ( m 2.24 hr · atm).
前記青果物が葉ネギ又はラディッシュである請求項に記載の自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルム。 The freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging according to claim 1 , wherein the fruits and vegetables are green onions or radishes. 請求項1又は2に記載の自動包装用青果物鮮度保持フィルムが製袋されてなる青果物鮮度保持包装袋。 A fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving packaging bag formed from the fruit and vegetable freshness-preserving film for automatic packaging according to claim 1 or 2 .
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001106845A (en) 1999-10-01 2001-04-17 Chisso Corp Film with improved gas permeability and its production
JP2013252645A (en) 2012-06-06 2013-12-19 Mitsui Chemicals Tohcello Inc Biaxially-stretched multilayered polypropylene film
JP2017196759A (en) 2016-04-26 2017-11-02 日本ポリプロ株式会社 Biaxially oriented multilayer film
JP2018118744A (en) 2017-01-23 2018-08-02 グンゼ株式会社 Wrapping bag of fruit and vegetables
JP2020006972A (en) 2018-07-04 2020-01-16 住友ベークライト株式会社 Bean sprout packaging container, manufacturing method of bean sprout-containing package, and freshness keeping method of bean sprout
JP2020007443A (en) 2018-07-06 2020-01-16 三井化学東セロ株式会社 Packaging film for food product, and package for food product

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2001106845A (en) 1999-10-01 2001-04-17 Chisso Corp Film with improved gas permeability and its production
JP2013252645A (en) 2012-06-06 2013-12-19 Mitsui Chemicals Tohcello Inc Biaxially-stretched multilayered polypropylene film
JP2017196759A (en) 2016-04-26 2017-11-02 日本ポリプロ株式会社 Biaxially oriented multilayer film
JP2018118744A (en) 2017-01-23 2018-08-02 グンゼ株式会社 Wrapping bag of fruit and vegetables
JP2020006972A (en) 2018-07-04 2020-01-16 住友ベークライト株式会社 Bean sprout packaging container, manufacturing method of bean sprout-containing package, and freshness keeping method of bean sprout
JP2020007443A (en) 2018-07-06 2020-01-16 三井化学東セロ株式会社 Packaging film for food product, and package for food product

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