JP7076971B2 - 撮像装置およびその製造方法ならびに機器 - Google Patents
撮像装置およびその製造方法ならびに機器 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7076971B2 JP7076971B2 JP2017188985A JP2017188985A JP7076971B2 JP 7076971 B2 JP7076971 B2 JP 7076971B2 JP 2017188985 A JP2017188985 A JP 2017188985A JP 2017188985 A JP2017188985 A JP 2017188985A JP 7076971 B2 JP7076971 B2 JP 7076971B2
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- silicon nitride
- nitride layer
- image pickup
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- photoelectric conversion
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 title claims 3
- 229910052581 Si3N4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 180
- HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon nitride Chemical compound N12[Si]34N5[Si]62N3[Si]51N64 HQVNEWCFYHHQES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 180
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 69
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 69
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 61
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- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 42
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- LXEXBJXDGVGRAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N trichloro(trichlorosilyl)silane Chemical compound Cl[Si](Cl)(Cl)[Si](Cl)(Cl)Cl LXEXBJXDGVGRAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- 230000003321 amplification Effects 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003199 nucleic acid amplification method Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 241
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 84
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 71
- FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicide(4-) Chemical compound [Si-4] FVBUAEGBCNSCDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- 229910021332 silicide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 26
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 description 25
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
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- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 229910021420 polycrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920005591 polysilicon Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005669 field effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229920002120 photoresistant polymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 4
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- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 3
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 150000002736 metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005268 plasma chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002230 thermal chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 3
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 3
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 108091006146 Channels Proteins 0.000 description 2
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Palladium Chemical compound [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000005380 borophosphosilicate glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000001312 dry etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000449 hafnium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hafnium(4+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Hf+4] WIHZLLGSGQNAGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000012212 insulator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000031700 light absorption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001020 plasma etching Methods 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108090000699 N-Type Calcium Channels Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000004129 N-Type Calcium Channels Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010075750 P-Type Calcium Channels Proteins 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium nitride Chemical compound [Ti]#N NRTOMJZYCJJWKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001423 beryllium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002596 correlated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005368 silicate glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004544 sputter deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012780 transparent material Substances 0.000 description 1
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Description
成膜温度:550~650℃
HCD:20~40sccm
NH3:1300~2700sccm
成膜圧力:20~30Pa
成膜温度:550~650℃
HCD:15~35sccm
NH3:1200~2800sccm
成膜圧力:20~30Pa
成膜温度:550~650℃
HCD:10~30sccm
NH3:1000~3000sccm
成膜圧力:20~30Pa
Claims (13)
- 撮像装置であって、
光電変換部を有する基板と、
前記光電変換部の少なくとも一部を覆うように配された窒化シリコン層と、を備え、
前記窒化シリコン層は、シリコン、窒素、水素及び塩素を含み、
前記窒化シリコン層のN/Si組成比は1.05以上かつ1.2以下であり、
前記窒化シリコン層の塩素の組成比は、シリコン、窒素及び水素のそれぞれの組成比よりも低いことを特徴とする撮像装置。 - 撮像装置であって、
光電変換部を有する基板と、
前記光電変換部の少なくとも一部を覆うように配された窒化シリコン層と、を備え、
前記窒化シリコン層は塩素を含み、
前記窒化シリコン層のN/Si組成比は1.05以上かつ1.2以下であり、
前記窒化シリコン層の塩素濃度は2atomic%以上かつ6atomic%以下であることを特徴とする撮像装置。 - 前記撮像装置は、前記光電変換部に蓄積された電荷を転送するためのトランジスタのゲート電極を更に含み、
前記窒化シリコン層のうち前記光電変換部を覆う部分の下面と前記基板の表面との距離は、前記ゲート電極の上面と前記基板の表面との距離よりも小さいことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の撮像装置。 - 前記窒化シリコン層は、前記ゲート電極の上面及び側面を更に覆うことを特徴とする請求項3に記載の撮像装置。
- 前記撮像装置は、前記窒化シリコン層と接し、前記光電変換部と前記窒化シリコン層との間に配された酸化シリコン層を更に備え、
前記窒化シリコン層の厚みは、前記酸化シリコン層の厚み以上であることを特徴とする請求項1乃至4の何れか1項に記載の撮像装置。 - 前記窒化シリコン層は、反射防止層として機能することを特徴とする請求項1乃至5の何れか1項に記載の撮像装置。
- 前記基板は増幅素子を有し、前記窒化シリコン層は前記光電変換部の上から前記増幅素子の上に延在することを特徴とする請求項1乃至6の何れか1項に記載の撮像装置。
- 請求項1乃至7の何れか1項に記載の撮像装置と、
前記撮像装置から出力される信号を処理する処理部と、
を備えることを特徴とする機器。 - 撮像装置の製造方法であって、
基板に光電変換部を形成する工程と、
前記光電変換部の少なくとも一部を覆う窒化シリコン層を形成する工程と、を有し、
前記窒化シリコン層は、シリコン、窒素、水素及び塩素を含み、
前記窒化シリコン層のN/Si組成比は1.05以上かつ1.2以下であり、
前記窒化シリコン層の塩素の組成比は、シリコン、窒素及び水素のそれぞれの組成比よりも低いことを特徴とする製造方法。 - 撮像装置の製造方法であって、
基板に光電変換部を形成する工程と、
前記光電変換部の少なくとも一部を覆う窒化シリコン層を形成する工程と、を有し、
前記窒化シリコン層は塩素を含み、
前記窒化シリコン層のN/Si組成比は1.05以上かつ1.2以下であり、
前記窒化シリコン層の塩素濃度は2atomic%以上かつ6atomic%以下であることを特徴とする製造方法。 - 前記窒化シリコン層はヘキサクロロジシランを含むプロセスガスを用いて形成されることを特徴とする請求項9又は10に記載の製造方法。
- 前記プロセスガスはアンモニアを更に含み、
前記プロセスガスにおけるアンモニア/ヘキサクロロジシラン比は80以上かつ100以下であることを特徴とする請求項11に記載の製造方法。 - 撮像装置の製造方法であって、
基板に光電変換部を形成する工程と、
前記光電変換部の少なくとも一部を覆う窒化シリコン層を形成する工程と、を有し、
前記窒化シリコン層はヘキサクロロジシランおよびアンモニアを含むプロセスガスを用いて形成され
前記プロセスガスにおけるアンモニア/ヘキサクロロジシラン比は80以上かつ100以下であることを特徴とする製造方法。
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