JP7076859B1 - Fruit cultivation system and fruit cultivation method - Google Patents

Fruit cultivation system and fruit cultivation method Download PDF

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JP7076859B1
JP7076859B1 JP2021128364A JP2021128364A JP7076859B1 JP 7076859 B1 JP7076859 B1 JP 7076859B1 JP 2021128364 A JP2021128364 A JP 2021128364A JP 2021128364 A JP2021128364 A JP 2021128364A JP 7076859 B1 JP7076859 B1 JP 7076859B1
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一郎 岡本
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株式会社岡本ファーム
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
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    • Y02A40/25Greenhouse technology, e.g. cooling systems therefor

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Abstract

【課題】果実の周囲環境を、果実の栽培に適するように効率的に調節して、裂果等の被害を抑制することができる果実栽培システム及び果実栽培方法を提供する。【解決手段】少なくとも空気の湿度を調節する空気調節部と、空気調節部に接続し、空気調節部で調節された空気である調節空気が循環する循環配管と、果実との間に間隙を形成して、果実を覆う複数の被覆部と、循環配管及び被覆部に接続し、調節空気を被覆部に導く送出細管と、被覆部及び循環配管に接続し、被覆部内の空気を循環配管に導く受入細管と、を備える。【選択図】図2PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fruit cultivation system and a fruit cultivation method capable of efficiently adjusting the surrounding environment of a fruit so as to be suitable for fruit cultivation and suppressing damage such as fruit cracking. SOLUTION: A gap is formed between an air regulating unit that regulates at least the humidity of air, a circulation pipe that is connected to the air regulating unit and circulates regulated air that is air regulated by the air regulating unit, and a fruit. Then, it is connected to a plurality of covering parts covering the fruit, a circulating pipe and a covering part, and a sending thin tube for guiding the regulated air to the covering part, and connecting to the covering part and the circulating pipe, and guiding the air in the covering part to the circulating pipe. It is equipped with a receiving thin tube. [Selection diagram] Fig. 2

Description

本発明は、果実の周囲環境を調節して果実を栽培する果実栽培システム及びそれを用いた果実栽培方法に関する The present invention relates to a fruit cultivation system for cultivating fruits by adjusting the surrounding environment of the fruits and a fruit cultivation method using the same.

ブドウ等の果実を栽培し、商品として出荷するためには、一定以上の品質を確保する必要がある。果実の品質は、気候、土壌、更には病害虫等を含めた周囲環境に大きく影響を受けるので、高品質な果実を栽培するためには、周囲環境への配慮が不可欠である。この周囲環境への配慮が不十分になると、発育不全、病虫害等、様々な被害が発生する。そのような被害により発生する現象の1つとして裂果という現象がある。 In order to cultivate fruits such as grapes and ship them as commercial products, it is necessary to ensure quality above a certain level. Since the quality of fruits is greatly affected by the climate, soil, and the surrounding environment including pests, it is essential to consider the surrounding environment in order to cultivate high-quality fruits. Insufficient consideration for the surrounding environment causes various damages such as dysgenesis and pest damage. One of the phenomena caused by such damage is the phenomenon of fruit cracking.

裂果とは、果実が割れる現象のことで、実割れと呼ばれることもある。裂果は、病虫害、果粒の過密着等によっても発生するが、降雨等による果粒内水分の増加が大きな原因の1つである。成熟期に吸水によって果粒内の水分が増加すると、膨圧に抗しきれずに果皮が破裂すると考えられる。この果粒内水分の増加は土壌水分過剰の他に、空中湿度が高いことからも発生し、後者が裂果発生への影響が大きいとの見解もある。
裂果はブドウにも発生し、ブドウの成熟期である7~9月頃の近年の異常気象が、ブドウの裂果被害を大きくするおそれがあるので、早急な対策が望まれている。
Fruit cracking is a phenomenon in which the fruit cracks and is sometimes called fruit cracking. Fruit cracking also occurs due to pest damage, over-adhesion of fruit grains, etc., but one of the major causes is an increase in water content in the fruit grains due to rainfall or the like. When the water content in the fruit grains increases due to water absorption during the maturity period, it is considered that the pericarp ruptures because it cannot withstand the turgor pressure. There is a view that this increase in water content in the grains is caused not only by excess soil water but also by high air humidity, and the latter has a large effect on the occurrence of fruit cracking.
Fruit cracking also occurs in grapes, and the recent abnormal weather around July to September, which is the maturity period of grapes, may increase the damage caused by fruit cracking in grapes, so immediate measures are desired.

上述のように、空中湿度の高さが裂果の要因と1つとして挙げられているので、湿度を制御することにより、裂果の抑制が期待できる。しかし、湿度を制御するためにブドウをビニールハウス等の温室で栽培する場合でも、温室全体の湿度を制御するのは経済的な問題があり、実現が難しい。よって、経済面も考慮した湿度制御技術が求められている。 As described above, since the high air humidity is cited as one of the causes of fruit cracking, it can be expected to suppress fruit cracking by controlling the humidity. However, even when grapes are cultivated in a greenhouse such as a greenhouse in order to control the humidity, controlling the humidity of the entire greenhouse has an economic problem and is difficult to realize. Therefore, there is a demand for humidity control technology that also considers economic aspects.

例えば、特許文献1には、設備投資を抑えて、植物の生育と果実の着色を助ける局所冷却を可能とすることを目的として、温度と湿度が調節された空気を果実の袋に放散する植物栽培装置が開示されている。特許文献1の植物栽培装置では、ボルテックスチューブで得られた温風と冷風から温度及び湿度を調節された空気を得て、この空気をボルテックスチューブの背圧を利用してブドウ果実などの植物の局所に放散させている。 For example, Patent Document 1 describes a plant that dissipates temperature- and humidity-controlled air into a fruit bag for the purpose of suppressing capital investment and enabling local cooling that assists plant growth and fruit coloring. Cultivation equipment is disclosed. In the plant cultivation apparatus of Patent Document 1, air whose temperature and humidity are controlled is obtained from hot air and cold air obtained by a vortex tube, and this air is used to use the back pressure of the vortex tube to produce plants such as grape fruits. It is scattered locally.

特開2006-246879号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2006-246879

しかしながら、特許文献1の植物栽培装置では、温度と湿度が調節された空気を果実の袋内に放散しているので、放散している間は、ボルテックスチューブにて温風と冷風を作り続けなければならず、消費するエネルギーが大きくなる可能性がある。 However, in the plant cultivation apparatus of Patent Document 1, since the air whose temperature and humidity are controlled is dissipated in the fruit bag, hot air and cold air must be continuously produced by the vortex tube during the dissipation. It must consume more energy.

本発明は上述のような事情よりなされたものであり、本発明の目的は、果実の周囲環境を、果実の栽培に適するように効率的に調節して、裂果等の被害を抑制することができる果実栽培システム及び果実栽培方法を提供することにある。 The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to efficiently adjust the surrounding environment of fruits so as to be suitable for fruit cultivation and to suppress damage such as fruit cracking. It is to provide a fruit cultivation system and a fruit cultivation method which can be performed.

本発明者は、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、下記の発明が上記目的に合致することを見出し、本発明に至った。 As a result of diligent research to solve the above problems, the present inventor has found that the following invention meets the above object, and has arrived at the present invention.

すなわち、本発明は、以下の発明に係るものである。
<1> 少なくとも空気の湿度を調節する空気調節部と、前記空気調節部に接続し、前記空気調節部で調節された空気である調節空気が循環する循環配管と、果実との間に間隙を形成して、前記果実を覆う複数の被覆部と、前記循環配管及び前記被覆部に接続し、前記調節空気を前記被覆部に導く送出細管と、前記被覆部及び前記循環配管に接続し、前記被覆部内の空気を前記循環配管に導く受入細管と、を備えることを特徴とする果実栽培システム。
<2> 前記送出細管の前記循環配管に接続する端部の開口面が、前記調節空気が前記循環配管内を流れる向きと反対の向きを向くように、前記送出細管が前記循環配管に接続し、前記受入細管の前記循環配管に接続する端部の開口面が、前記調節空気が前記循環配管内を流れる向きと同じ向きを向くように、前記受入細管が前記循環配管に接続している<1>に記載の果実栽培システム。
<3> 前記空気調節部が、空気の湿度及び温度を調節する<1>又は<2>に記載の果実栽培システム。
<4> 前記循環配管内の前記調節空気の流れの下流に位置するにつれて、接続する前記送出細管及び前記受入細管の内径が大きくなっている<1>から<3>のいずれかに記載の果実栽培システム。
<5> 前記送出細管の前記被覆部に接続する端部及び前記受入細管の前記被覆部に接続する端部が、小孔を有して、前記被覆部の内部に挿入されている<1>から<4>のいずれかに記載の果実栽培システム。
<6> 前記循環配管が、内径が順次小さくなる循環本管、循環支管、循環小支管及び循環細管から構成され、前記循環本管及び前記循環支管が前記空気調節部に接続し、前記送出細管及び前記受入細管は前記循環細管に接続している<1>から<5>のいずれかに記載の果実栽培システム。
<7> 前記循環本管、前記循環支管、前記循環小支管及び前記循環細管間の接続は、Y管を介して行われている<6>に記載の果実栽培システム。
<8> 前記果実の栽培のために使用される薬剤を、前記調節空気に加える薬剤付加手段を更に備える<1>から<7>のいずれかに記載の果実栽培システム。
<9> 前記空気調節部が、前記果実の裂果を抑制するように空気を調節する<1>から<8>のいずれかに記載の果実栽培システム。
<10> <1>から<9>のいずれかに記載の果実栽培システムを用いることを特徴とする果実栽培方法。
<11> 前記果実が、ブドウの果実である<10>に記載の果実栽培方法。
That is, the present invention relates to the following invention.
<1> At least a gap is provided between the air control unit that regulates the humidity of the air, the circulation pipe that is connected to the air control unit and circulates the regulated air that is the air regulated by the air control unit, and the fruit. A plurality of covering portions that form and cover the fruit, a sending thin tube that is connected to the circulation pipe and the covering portion and guides the regulated air to the coating portion, and the covering portion and the circulation pipe are connected to the above. A fruit cultivation system characterized by comprising a receiving thin tube for guiding air in a covering portion to the circulation pipe.
<2> The delivery thin tube is connected to the circulation pipe so that the opening surface at the end of the delivery thin tube connected to the circulation pipe faces the direction opposite to the direction in which the regulated air flows in the circulation pipe. The receiving thin tube is connected to the circulating pipe so that the opening surface of the end of the receiving thin tube connected to the circulating pipe faces the same direction as the direction in which the regulated air flows in the circulating pipe. The fruit cultivation system according to 1>.
<3> The fruit cultivation system according to <1> or <2>, wherein the air control unit controls the humidity and temperature of the air.
<4> The fruit according to any one of <1> to <3>, wherein the inner diameters of the connecting thin tube and the receiving thin tube are increased as they are located downstream of the flow of the regulated air in the circulation pipe. Cultivation system.
<5> The end portion of the sending thin tube connected to the covering portion and the end portion of the receiving thin tube connected to the covering portion have small holes and are inserted into the inside of the covering portion. <1> The fruit cultivation system according to any one of <4>.
<6> The circulation pipe is composed of a circulation main, a circulation branch, a circulation sub-branch, and a circulation capillary whose inner diameters are gradually reduced, and the circulation main and the circulation branch are connected to the air control unit, and the delivery strip is connected. The fruit cultivation system according to any one of <1> to <5>, wherein the receiving capillary tube is connected to the circulating capillary tube.
<7> The fruit cultivation system according to <6>, wherein the connection between the circulation main, the circulation branch, the circulation sub-branch, and the circulation capillary is made via the Y tube.
<8> The fruit cultivation system according to any one of <1> to <7>, further comprising a drug addition means for adding a drug used for cultivating the fruit to the regulated air.
<9> The fruit cultivation system according to any one of <1> to <8>, wherein the air regulating unit regulates the air so as to suppress the cracking of the fruit.
<10> A fruit cultivation method using the fruit cultivation system according to any one of <1> to <9>.
<11> The fruit cultivation method according to <10>, wherein the fruit is a grape fruit.

本発明の果実栽培システム及び果実栽培方法によれば、果実を覆う被覆部に、調節された空気を循環させて流しているので、果実の周囲環境を局所的で効率的に調節することができ、裂果等の被害を低コストで抑制することができる。 According to the fruit cultivation system and the fruit cultivation method of the present invention, the regulated air is circulated and flowed through the covering portion covering the fruit, so that the surrounding environment of the fruit can be locally and efficiently adjusted. , Damage such as fruit cracking can be suppressed at low cost.

本発明に係る果実栽培システムが使用されるビニールハウスの例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the example of the vinyl house in which the fruit cultivation system which concerns on this invention is used. 本発明に係る果実栽培システムの例(第1実施形態)を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the example (1st Embodiment) of the fruit cultivation system which concerns on this invention. 送出細管及び受入細管と循環細管の接続箇所の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the connection point of a sending thin tube and a receiving thin tube and a circulation thin tube. ブドウ果実を覆った状態での被覆部の模式図である。It is a schematic diagram of the covering part in the state of covering the grape fruit. 本発明に係る果実栽培システムの例(第2実施形態)を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the example (second embodiment) of the fruit cultivation system which concerns on this invention.

本発明は、空気調節部にて調節された空気(調節空気)を、循環配管によって循環させる。そして、その空気を、循環配管に接続する送出細管を通して、果実を覆う被覆部に流し、被覆部内の空気を、循環配管に接続する受入細管を通して、循環配管に戻す。よって、調節する周囲環境の範囲は、果実を栽培するビニールハウス等の温室全体ではなく、空気調節部、循環配管、送出細管、受入細管及び被覆部の中だけとなるので、局所的な調節が可能となり、大規模な装置を用いなくても、的確に果実の周囲環境を調節することができる。 In the present invention, the air regulated by the air regulating unit (regulated air) is circulated by the circulation pipe. Then, the air is passed through the sending thin tube connected to the circulation pipe to the covering portion covering the fruit, and the air in the covering portion is returned to the circulating pipe through the receiving thin tube connected to the circulation pipe. Therefore, the range of the surrounding environment to be adjusted is not the entire greenhouse such as a greenhouse where fruits are cultivated, but only the air control part, circulation pipe, sending pipe, receiving pipe and covering part, so local adjustment is possible. This makes it possible to accurately adjust the surrounding environment of the fruit without using a large-scale device.

また、本発明は、循環配管内を循環する空気の一部を送出細管→被覆部→受入細管との流れで循環配管に戻す構成になっているので、循環配管内での空気の流れの弱化を抑えて空気を循環することができ、効率的な調節が可能である。このように局所的で的確に、かつ効率的に周囲環境を調節するので、裂果等の果実の被害を低コストで抑制することができる。 Further, since the present invention is configured to return a part of the air circulating in the circulation pipe to the circulation pipe by the flow of the sending thin pipe → the covering portion → the receiving thin pipe, the air flow in the circulation pipe is weakened. It is possible to circulate the air while suppressing the pressure, and efficient adjustment is possible. Since the surrounding environment is adjusted locally, accurately, and efficiently in this way, damage to fruits such as fruit cracks can be suppressed at low cost.

以下に、本発明の実施の形態を、図面を参照して説明する。なお、各図において、同一構成要素には同一符号を付し、説明を省略することがある。更に、以下の説明における数値や形状等は例示であり、本発明はこれらに限定されるものではない。また、本実施形態はブドウの栽培における裂果の抑制を例としているが、本発明は、ブドウの栽培に限られず、他の果実の栽培にも適用可能であり、裂果以外の果実の被害抑制や着色等の果実の育成促進等にも有効である。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each figure, the same components may be designated by the same reference numerals and description thereof may be omitted. Furthermore, the numerical values, shapes, and the like in the following description are examples, and the present invention is not limited thereto. Further, although the present embodiment exemplifies the suppression of fruit cracking in the cultivation of grapes, the present invention is not limited to the cultivation of grapes, but can also be applied to the cultivation of other fruits, such as suppression of damage to fruits other than fruit cracking. It is also effective in promoting fruit growth such as coloring.

本発明に係る果実栽培システムを、ビニールハウスでのブドウの栽培に使用した場合の例(第1実施形態)について説明する。 An example (first embodiment) when the fruit cultivation system according to the present invention is used for cultivation of grapes in a greenhouse will be described.

図1は、ビニールハウス1の斜視図であり、図2は、ビニールハウス1で使用される果実栽培システム2の平面図である。図2では、ビニールハウス1内での果実栽培システム2の構造をわかりやすく示すために、ビニールハウス1に比べて、果実栽培システム2が大きく記載されている。
ビニールハウス1は複数の棟から構成される連棟となっており、本実施形態では10棟から成っており、図1及び図2では、各棟は横方向に並んでいる。各棟はアーチ状の天井を有している。各棟の間口(横幅)(図2における横方向での長さ)及び奥行(図2における縦方向での長さ)は適宜設定可能であり、本実施形態では間口は4m、奥行は50mとなっている。各棟間の境界(以下、「棟境界」とする)にはビニールは張られておらず、ビニールハウス1を支える柱が複数立っている。
FIG. 1 is a perspective view of the vinyl house 1, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the fruit cultivation system 2 used in the vinyl house 1. In FIG. 2, in order to clearly show the structure of the fruit cultivation system 2 in the vinyl house 1, the fruit cultivation system 2 is described larger than that of the vinyl house 1.
The vinyl house 1 is a continuous building composed of a plurality of buildings, and is composed of 10 buildings in the present embodiment, and in FIGS. 1 and 2, each building is arranged in the horizontal direction. Each building has an vaulted ceiling. The frontage (horizontal width) (horizontal length in FIG. 2) and depth (vertical length in FIG. 2) of each building can be set as appropriate. In this embodiment, the frontage is 4 m and the depth is 50 m. It has become. Vinyl is not stretched on the boundary between each building (hereinafter referred to as "building boundary"), and a plurality of pillars supporting the vinyl house 1 stand.

ブドウ3は棟境界に沿って、H型整枝法で植えられている。つまり、棟境界に位置する地面から複数のブドウ3の主幹が鉛直方向に伸びており、そこから主枝がH型に広がり、図2に示されるように、ビニールハウス1の奥行方向に伸びている。主枝から小枝が伸び、各小枝に果実(ブドウ果実)が成育する。図2には主枝のみが記載されている。 Grape 3 is planted along the ridge boundary by the H-shaped pruning method. That is, the main trunks of the plurality of grapes 3 extend vertically from the ground located at the boundary of the ridge, and the main branches extend in an H shape from there, and as shown in FIG. 2, extend in the depth direction of the vinyl house 1. There is. Twigs grow from the main branch, and fruits (grape fruits) grow on each twig. Only the main branch is shown in FIG.

果実栽培システム2は、ブドウ3の裂果抑制に適した湿度及び温度に空気を調節する空気調節部10、ブドウ果実3A(後述の図4参照)を覆う被覆部90、空気調節部10で調節された空気を循環させる循環配管、循環する空気を被覆部90に導く送出細管60及び被覆部90内の空気を循環配管に導く受入細管70を備える。 The fruit cultivation system 2 is regulated by an air control unit 10 that regulates air to a humidity and temperature suitable for suppressing fruit cracking of the grape 3, a covering portion 90 that covers the grape fruit 3A (see FIG. 4 described later), and an air control unit 10. It is provided with a circulation pipe for circulating the air, a sending thin pipe 60 for guiding the circulating air to the covering portion 90, and a receiving thin pipe 70 for guiding the air in the covering portion 90 to the circulating pipe.

空気調節部10はビニールハウス1の外部に位置し、循環配管と接続しており、循環配管はビニールハウス1の内部に配管される。なお、空気調節部10をビニールハウス1の内部に設置しても良い。
空気調節部10では、ブドウ3の裂果を抑制するために、空気調節部10を壁等で囲まれた閉じた空間にして、市販の装置を使用して空間内の空気を所定の湿度及び温度に調節し、調節された空気が送出される。具体的には、湿度及び温度を設定値に自動的に調節するエア・コンディショナー(以下、「エアコン」と略す)及び電動送風機を使用する。
裂果を抑制するためには、ブドウ果実3A周辺を低湿度で低温な環境にするのが良いので、エアコンを使用して、空気調節部10内の空気をそのような環境の湿度及び温度にする。
The air adjusting unit 10 is located outside the vinyl house 1 and is connected to the circulation pipe, and the circulation pipe is piped inside the vinyl house 1. The air adjusting unit 10 may be installed inside the vinyl house 1.
In the air control unit 10, in order to suppress the fruit cracking of the grape 3, the air control unit 10 is made into a closed space surrounded by a wall or the like, and the air in the space is set to a predetermined humidity and temperature by using a commercially available device. The adjusted air is sent out. Specifically, an air conditioner (hereinafter abbreviated as "air conditioner") and an electric blower that automatically adjust the humidity and temperature to the set values are used.
In order to suppress fruit cracking, it is better to create a low humidity and low temperature environment around the grape fruit 3A, so an air conditioner is used to make the air in the air control unit 10 the humidity and temperature of such an environment. ..

具体的な湿度及び温度は、実験や当該分野の公知の知見に基づき、ブドウの品種、ブドウ果実3Aの成長具合等を考慮して適宜決定する。 The specific humidity and temperature are appropriately determined based on experiments and known knowledge in the field, taking into consideration the grape varieties, the growth condition of the grape fruit 3A, and the like.

例えば、湿度については、ブドウ果実3Aの成長初期には湿度をビニールハウス1内部と同程度(60~70%)とし、裂果が生じないように成長に合わせて被覆部90内の湿度が、50%以下、30%以下、20%以下(収穫直前)、となるように流通させる空気の湿度を制御すればよい。また、温度については、ブドウ果実3Aが色づきはじめる温度が23℃程度であることから、15℃~23℃(夜間温度)になるように流通させる空気の温度を制御することが好ましい。なお、ブドウ3を成熟期の後期に強く乾燥させると、根元から遠い果実から脱粒を起こすことがある等、裂果以外の現象にも注意する必要がある。エアコンで調節された空気は、電動送風機を使用して、空気調節部10に接続している循環配管に送出される。電動送風機が送出する風量は、ビニールハウス1内に配管する循環配管の規模や構造等に応じて設定し、例えば20m3/分に設定する。 For example, regarding the humidity, at the initial stage of growth of the grape fruit 3A, the humidity is set to the same level as the inside of the vinyl house 1 (60 to 70%), and the humidity inside the covering portion 90 is set to 50 according to the growth so as not to cause fruit cracking. The humidity of the air to be circulated may be controlled so as to be% or less, 30% or less, and 20% or less (immediately before harvesting). As for the temperature, since the temperature at which the grape fruit 3A begins to color is about 23 ° C., it is preferable to control the temperature of the air to be circulated so as to be 15 ° C. to 23 ° C. (nighttime temperature). It should be noted that if the grape 3 is strongly dried in the latter half of the maturity period, threshing may occur from the fruit far from the root, and it is necessary to pay attention to phenomena other than the fruit cracking. The air regulated by the air conditioner is sent to the circulation pipe connected to the air conditioning unit 10 by using an electric blower. The air volume sent by the electric blower is set according to the scale and structure of the circulation pipe to be piped in the vinyl house 1, and is set to, for example, 20 m 3 / min.

なお、低湿度な環境にするだけでも裂果抑制に効果があるので、空気調節部10内の湿度のみをエアコンで調節するようにしても良い。この場合、エアコンではなく、除湿機を使用しても良い。エアコンに空気清浄機能が搭載されている場合、その機能を有効にしても良い。空気-調節部10内の空気を効率的に調節するために、サーキュレーター等の空気撹拌機を使用しても良い。また、空気調節部10を市販の装置で構成するのではなく、専用装置を作製しても良い。 Since it is effective to suppress fruit cracking only in a low humidity environment, only the humidity in the air adjusting unit 10 may be adjusted by the air conditioner. In this case, a dehumidifier may be used instead of the air conditioner. If the air conditioner is equipped with an air purifying function, that function may be enabled. An air agitator such as a circulator may be used to efficiently adjust the air in the air-adjusting unit 10. Further, instead of configuring the air adjusting unit 10 with a commercially available device, a dedicated device may be manufactured.

循環配管は、循環本管20、循環支管30、循環小支管40及び循環細管50から構成される。更に、循環支管30は循環支管31及び32から、循環小支管40は循環小支管41及び42から、循環細管50は循環細管51及び52からそれぞれ構成される。
循環本管20、循環支管30、循環小支管40及び循環細管50は硬質ポリ塩化ビニル管(通称、塩ビ管)であり、内径はこの順番で小さくなっている。例えば、循環本管20の内径は100mm、循環支管30の内径は65~70mm、循環小支管40の内径は30mm、循環細管50の内径は25mmとなっている。なお、循環配管は塩ビ管ではなく、鉄管等の他の素材の管でも良い。
The circulation pipe is composed of a circulation main pipe 20, a circulation branch pipe 30, a circulation small branch pipe 40, and a circulation thin pipe 50. Further, the circulation branch pipe 30 is composed of the circulation branch pipes 31 and 32, the circulation small branch pipe 40 is composed of the circulation small branch pipes 41 and 42, and the circulation capillary 50 is composed of the circulation thin tubes 51 and 52, respectively.
The circulation main 20, circulation branch 30, circulation small branch 40, and circulation capillary 50 are rigid polyvinyl chloride pipes (commonly known as PVC pipes), and the inner diameters are reduced in this order. For example, the inner diameter of the circulation main 20 is 100 mm, the inner diameter of the circulation branch pipe 30 is 65 to 70 mm, the inner diameter of the circulation small branch pipe 40 is 30 mm, and the inner diameter of the circulation capillary 50 is 25 mm. The circulation pipe may not be a PVC pipe but a pipe made of another material such as an iron pipe.

循環本管20は、空気調節部10に接続している。具体的には空気調節部10内の電動送風機の吐出口と接続し、空気調節部10の壁を貫通し、ビニールハウス1の内部へと延伸している。ビニールハウス1の内部では、循環本管20は、ビニールハウス1の奥行方向(図2における縦方向)の略中央に位置し、間口方向(図2における横方向)にて水平に延伸するように配管されている。よって、空気調節部10は、ビニールハウス1の間口方向での一方の端面(側面)の中央近辺に設置するのが好ましい。
例えば、図2のように空気調節部10がビニールハウス1の一方の側面の外側に設置された場合、循環本管20は、ビニールハウス1の内部に挿入された地点から間口方向に他方の側面まで延伸している。他方の側面と対向する循環本管20の端面は閉鎖されている。循環本管20は、ブドウ果実3Aより高い位置に配管されており、ビニールハウス1を形成及び支えるパイプ等に、金具や針金等で固定されている。
The circulation main 20 is connected to the air regulating unit 10. Specifically, it is connected to the discharge port of the electric blower in the air adjusting unit 10, penetrates the wall of the air adjusting unit 10, and extends to the inside of the vinyl house 1. Inside the vinyl house 1, the circulation main 20 is located substantially in the center of the vinyl house 1 in the depth direction (vertical direction in FIG. 2) and extends horizontally in the frontage direction (horizontal direction in FIG. 2). It is piped. Therefore, it is preferable to install the air adjusting unit 10 near the center of one end surface (side surface) in the frontage direction of the vinyl house 1.
For example, when the air conditioning unit 10 is installed outside one side surface of the vinyl house 1 as shown in FIG. 2, the circulation main 20 is the other side surface in the frontage direction from the point inserted inside the vinyl house 1. It is stretched to. The end face of the circulation main 20 facing the other side surface is closed. The circulation main 20 is piped at a position higher than the grape fruit 3A, and is fixed to a pipe or the like that forms and supports the vinyl house 1 with metal fittings, wires, or the like.

循環支管30を構成する循環支管31及び32も、空気調節部10に接続している。循環支管31及び32は、空気調節部10の壁に穿設された別々の開口部に、循環支管31及び32それぞれの端面を嵌合することにより、接続している。 The circulation branch pipes 31 and 32 constituting the circulation branch pipe 30 are also connected to the air regulating unit 10. The circulation branch pipes 31 and 32 are connected by fitting the end faces of the circulation branch pipes 31 and 32 into separate openings formed in the wall of the air regulating portion 10.

ビニールハウス1の内部では、循環支管31は、図2に示されるように、ビニールハウス1の内部に挿入された地点から側面に沿って一方の妻面(図2における上部)まで延伸し、妻面の近傍にて垂直に屈曲し、妻面に沿って、他方の側面まで延伸している。循環支管32の配管は、循環支管31の配管と対称的になっている。 Inside the greenhouse 1, the circulation branch 31 extends from the point inserted inside the greenhouse 1 along the side surface to one end face (upper part in FIG. 2) as shown in FIG. It bends vertically near the surface and extends along the end surface to the other side surface. The piping of the circulation branch pipe 32 is symmetrical with the piping of the circulation branch pipe 31.

即ち、循環支管32は、ビニールハウス1の内部に挿入された地点から側面に沿って他方の妻面(図2における下部)まで延伸し、妻面の近傍にて垂直に屈曲し、妻面に沿って、他方の側面まで延伸している。他方の側面と対向する循環支管31及び32の端面は閉鎖されている。循環支管31及び32が配管されている高さは、循環本管20と同じ高さで、循環本管20と同様に、ビニールハウス1を形成及び支えるパイプ等に、金具や針金等で固定されている。 That is, the circulation branch pipe 32 extends from the point inserted inside the vinyl house 1 to the other end surface (lower part in FIG. 2) along the side surface, bends vertically in the vicinity of the end surface, and becomes the end surface. Along it, it extends to the other side. The end faces of the circulation branch pipes 31 and 32 facing the other side surface are closed. The height at which the circulation branch pipes 31 and 32 are piped is the same as that of the circulation main 20, and is fixed to the pipe or the like that forms and supports the vinyl house 1 with metal fittings, wires, or the like, like the circulation main 20. ing.

循環小支管40を構成する循環小支管41は循環本管20に接続しており、循環小支管42は循環支管30(循環支管31又は32)に接続している。 The circulation sub-branch 41 constituting the circulation sub-branch 40 is connected to the circulation main 20, and the circulation sub-branch 42 is connected to the circulation branch 30 (circulation branch pipe 31 or 32).

循環小支管41は、循環本管20から、循環本管20の両側(図2において循環本管20の上方及び下方)に展開するブドウ3の各主枝に向けて延伸しており、棟境界の近辺に4本ずつ配管されている。循環本管20を流れる空気が循環小支管41を通って循環細管50に流れていくので、空気が流れ易いように、循環小支管41は、循環本管20に対して斜めに接続されている。具体的には、循環小支管41は、接続箇所から循環本管20内を流れる空気の向きと循環小支管41内を流れる空気の向きが作る角度が鋭角になるように、循環本管20に接続している。接続にはY管を継手として使用する。よって、循環本管20に対して一方の向きに接続している循環小支管41(図2において循環本管20の上部に接続している循環小支管41又は下部に接続している循環小支管41)は、他方の向きに接続している循環小支管41からずれて、循環本管20に接続している。 The circulation sub-branch 41 extends from the circulation main 20 toward each main branch of the grape 3 extending on both sides of the circulation main 20 (above and below the circulation main 20 in FIG. 2), and is a building boundary. There are four pipes in the vicinity of. Since the air flowing through the circulation main 20 flows through the circulation sub-branch 41 to the circulation subpipe 50, the circulation sub-branch 41 is diagonally connected to the circulation main 20 so that the air can easily flow. .. Specifically, the circulation sub-branch 41 is attached to the circulation main 20 so that the angle formed by the direction of the air flowing in the circulation main 20 from the connection point and the direction of the air flowing in the circulation sub-branch 41 is an acute angle. You are connected. A Y pipe is used as a joint for connection. Therefore, the circulation sub-branch 41 connected to the circulation main 20 in one direction (the circulation sub-branch 41 connected to the upper part of the circulation main 20 in FIG. 2 or the circulation sub-branch connection to the lower part in FIG. 2). 41) is displaced from the circulation sub-branch pipe 41 connected in the other direction and is connected to the circulation main pipe 20.

循環小支管42は、循環小支管41と対になっており、循環支管30からブドウ3の各主枝に向けて延伸しており、棟境界の近辺に、循環支管31に接続する2本と循環支管32に接続する2本の計4本ずつ配管されている。循環細管50からの空気が循環小支管42を通って循環支管30に流れていくので、循環小支管41と同様に、空気が流れ易いように、循環小支管42は、循環支管30に対して斜めに接続されている。具体的には、循環小支管42は、接続箇所に向かう循環支管30内を流れる空気の向きと循環小支管42内を流れる空気の向きが作る角度が鋭角になるように、循環支管30に接続している。接続には、循環小支管41と同様に、Y管を継手として使用する。 The circulation sub-branch 42 is paired with the circulation sub-branch 41, extends from the circulation branch pipe 30 toward each main branch of the grape 3, and is connected to the circulation sub-branch 31 in the vicinity of the ridge boundary. A total of four pipes, two connected to the circulation branch pipe 32, are installed. Since the air from the circulating capillary tube 50 flows to the circulating branch pipe 30 through the circulating branch pipe 42, the circulating sub-branch 42 has the same with respect to the circulating branch pipe 30 so that the air can easily flow. It is connected diagonally. Specifically, the circulation sub-branch 42 is connected to the circulation sub-branch 30 so that the angle formed by the direction of the air flowing in the circulation sub-branch 30 toward the connection point and the direction of the air flowing in the circulation sub-branch 42 is an acute angle. is doing. For the connection, the Y pipe is used as a joint as in the circulation small branch pipe 41.

循環小支管40にはバルブ80が設置されている。バルブ80により循環小支管40を流れる空気の量を調節することにより、最終的に被覆部90に送出される空気の量を調節する。なお、コスト等を考慮して、バルブ80を省略しても良い。 A valve 80 is installed in the circulation small branch pipe 40. By adjusting the amount of air flowing through the circulation sub-branch pipe 40 by the valve 80, the amount of air finally sent to the covering portion 90 is adjusted. The valve 80 may be omitted in consideration of cost and the like.

循環細管50は循環小支管41及び42に接続している。1組の循環小支管41及び42に対して、2本の循環細管50(循環細管51及び52)が接続している。具体的には、2分岐型のY管を継手として使用して、分岐していない側のY管の開口部に、循環本管20と接続していない循環小支管41の端部が接着され、分岐しているY管の2つの開口部に、循環細管51及び52それぞれの一方の端部が接着されている。 The circulating capillary 50 is connected to the circulating small branch pipes 41 and 42. Two circulation tubules 50 (circulation tubules 51 and 52) are connected to a set of circulation tubules 41 and 42. Specifically, a two-branch type Y pipe is used as a joint, and the end portion of the circulation small branch pipe 41 not connected to the circulation main 20 is adhered to the opening of the Y pipe on the non-branched side. , One end of each of the circulating thin tubes 51 and 52 is adhered to the two openings of the branched Y tube.

循環細管51及び52は、ブドウ3の主枝を挟むような形で、平行して、ビニールハウス1の奥行方向に延伸している。そして、循環細管51及び52それぞれの他方の端部と循環小支管42の端部が、循環小支管41の場合と同様に、継手である2分岐型のY管の開口部にそれぞれ接着されている。 The circulating tubules 51 and 52 extend in parallel in the depth direction of the vinyl house 1 so as to sandwich the main branch of the grape 3. Then, the other end of each of the circulation thin tubes 51 and 52 and the end of the circulation small branch tube 42 are adhered to the opening of the two-branch type Y tube which is a joint, as in the case of the circulation small branch tube 41. There is.

本実施形態では、ビニールハウス1の奥行が50mとなっているので、1本の循環細管50の長さは約25mとなっている。循環細管50は、循環本管20及び循環支管30と同様に、ビニールハウス1を形成及び支えるパイプ等に、金具や針金等で固定されている。 In the present embodiment, since the depth of the vinyl house 1 is 50 m, the length of one circulating thin tube 50 is about 25 m. Like the circulation main 20 and the circulation branch pipe 30, the circulation thin tube 50 is fixed to a pipe or the like that forms and supports the vinyl house 1 with metal fittings, wires, or the like.

このような循環配管の構成により、空気調節部10で調節された空気は、図2の矢印で示されるように、空気調節部10から、循環本管20、循環小支管41、循環細管50(循環細管51及び52)の順で流れ、更に、循環小支管42、循環支管30(循環支管31又は32)の順で流れて、空気調節部10に戻る。 With such a configuration of the circulation pipe, the air regulated by the air regulation unit 10 is supplied from the air regulation unit 10 to the circulation main 20, the circulation sub-branch 41, and the circulation capillary 50 (as shown by the arrows in FIG. 2). It flows in the order of the circulation tubules 51 and 52), then flows in the order of the circulation small branch pipe 42 and the circulation branch pipe 30 (circulation branch pipe 31 or 32), and returns to the air regulating unit 10.

送出細管60及び受入細管70は、シリコーン樹脂のうちでゴム状(ラバー状)のものであるシリコーンゴムからなるチューブであり、内径は循環細管50よりも小さく、例えば5~7mmとなっている。なお、シリコーンゴムではなく、他の素材でも良い。 The sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 are tubes made of silicone rubber, which is a rubber-like (rubber-like) silicone resin, and have an inner diameter smaller than that of the circulating thin tube 50, for example, 5 to 7 mm. In addition, other materials may be used instead of silicone rubber.

送出細管60及び受入細管70は、隣接して1本ずつが組となっており、一定の間隔をあけて、循環細管50に接続している。循環細管50に接続していない方の送出細管60及び受入細管70の端部は、被覆部90の内部に挿入されている。よって、1本の循環細管50に接続する送出細管60及び受入細管70の数は、循環細管50の長さの範囲において想定される成育するブドウ果実3Aの数に合わせた数となる。例えば、本実施形態では循環細管50の長さは約25mであるから、送出細管60及び受入細管70を約14cm間隔で循環細管50に接続し、1本の循環細管50に175組の送出細管60及び受入細管70を接続する。 The sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 are adjacent to each other in a set, and are connected to the circulating thin tube 50 at regular intervals. The ends of the sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 that are not connected to the circulating thin tube 50 are inserted inside the covering portion 90. Therefore, the number of the sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 connected to one circulating thin tube 50 is a number corresponding to the number of growing grape fruits 3A assumed within the range of the length of the circulating thin tube 50. For example, in the present embodiment, since the length of the circulating thin tube 50 is about 25 m, the sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 are connected to the circulating thin tube 50 at intervals of about 14 cm, and 175 sets of sending thin tubes are connected to one circulating thin tube 50. 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 are connected.

循環細管50内を流れる空気には、流れるにつれて被覆部90内の空気が受入細管70を介して加わり、空気の温度が上がっていく。よって、流れの上流から下流にいくに従って、つまり循環小支管41に近い位置から循環小支管42に近い位置になるに従って、循環細管50に接続する送出細管60及び受入細管70の内径を大きくしている。例えば、1本の循環細管50に接続する175組の送出細管60及び受入細管70のうち、空気の流れの上流から下流に向かって、最初の60組の内径を5mm、次の60組の内径を6mm、残りの55組の内径を7mmとする。 As the air flows through the circulating capillary tube 50, the air inside the covering portion 90 is added to the air through the receiving capillary tube 70, and the temperature of the air rises. Therefore, the inner diameters of the sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 connected to the circulating thin tube 50 are increased from the upstream to the downstream of the flow, that is, from the position close to the circulation small branch 41 to the position close to the circulation small branch 42. There is. For example, of the 175 sets of sending thin tubes 60 and receiving thin tubes connected to one circulating thin tube 50, the inner diameter of the first 60 sets is 5 mm and the inner diameter of the next 60 sets from the upstream to the downstream of the air flow. 6 mm, and the inner diameter of the remaining 55 sets is 7 mm.

これにより、下流になるにつれて、被覆部90に流入する空気の量を増やし、冷却効果の低下を抑制する。なお、下流での空気の温度の上昇が大きくない場合や冷却効果の低下を他の手段で抑制している場合等では、送出細管60及び受入細管70の内径は変えずに同じ大きさでも良い。 As a result, the amount of air flowing into the covering portion 90 is increased toward the downstream side, and the deterioration of the cooling effect is suppressed. If the temperature rise of the air in the downstream is not large or the decrease in the cooling effect is suppressed by other means, the inner diameters of the sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 may be the same size without changing. ..

送出細管60及び受入細管70と循環細管50の接続箇所の模式図を図3に示す。
図3は、これらの接続箇所を通り、循環細管50の長さ方向に伸びる面で循環細管50を切断した場合の循環細管50の内部構造を示している。矢印は空気が流れる向きを示している。
FIG. 3 shows a schematic diagram of the connection points between the sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 and the circulating thin tube 50.
FIG. 3 shows the internal structure of the circulating thin tube 50 when the circulating thin tube 50 is cut at a surface extending in the length direction of the circulating thin tube 50 through these connection points. The arrow indicates the direction in which the air flows.

送出細管60及び受入細管70は、循環細管50に穿設された別々の開口部から、循環細管50の内部に挿入されている。そして、送出細管60は、送出細管60の端部の開口面が、循環細管50内の空気が流れる向きと反対の向きを向くように設置されており、受入細管70は、受入細管70の端部の開口面が、循環細管50内の空気が流れる向きと同じ向きを向くように設置されている。 The sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 are inserted into the circulating thin tube 50 through separate openings formed in the circulating thin tube 50. The sending thin tube 60 is installed so that the opening surface at the end of the sending thin tube 60 faces the direction opposite to the direction in which the air flows in the circulating thin tube 50, and the receiving thin tube 70 is the end of the receiving thin tube 70. The opening surface of the portion is installed so as to face the same direction as the air flowing in the circulating capillary tube 50.

図3では、循環細管50内の空気は右から左に流れているので、送出細管60の開口面は右向きに、受入細管70の開口面は左向きになっている。これにより、循環細管50内を流れる空気が送出細管60に流入し易くなり、受入細管70を流れる空気が循環細管50に流出し易くなる。送出細管60及び受入細管70が循環細管50内で動かないように、それぞれの端部及び/又は循環細管50に穿設された開口部に密接する部分を循環細管50に接着しても良い。または、送出細管60及び受入細管70を、循環細管50に対して脱着可能な状態で挿入しても良い。
循環細管50と接続していない方の送出細管60及び受入細管70の端部は、被覆部90の内部に挿入されている。この送出細管60及び受入細管70の端部の端面は開放されており、更に、端部には複数の小孔が穿設されている。小孔を穿設することにより、送出細管60及び受入細管70の端面が被覆部90の内面に付着して閉鎖状態となるのを防止する。なお、そのような付着が発生するおそれがない場合等では、小孔を穿設しなくても良い。
In FIG. 3, since the air in the circulating thin tube 50 flows from right to left, the opening surface of the sending thin tube 60 faces right and the opening surface of the receiving thin tube 70 faces left. As a result, the air flowing in the circulating thin tube 50 is likely to flow into the sending thin tube 60, and the air flowing in the receiving thin tube 70 is likely to flow out into the circulating thin tube 50. An end close to each end and / or an opening formed in the circulating capillary 50 may be adhered to the circulating capillary 50 so that the sending capillary 60 and the receiving capillary 70 do not move in the circulating capillary 50. Alternatively, the sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 may be inserted in a detachable state with respect to the circulating thin tube 50.
The ends of the sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 that are not connected to the circulating thin tube 50 are inserted inside the covering portion 90. The end faces of the end portions of the sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 are open, and a plurality of small holes are formed in the end portions. By drilling a small hole, it is possible to prevent the end faces of the sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 from adhering to the inner surface of the covering portion 90 and becoming a closed state. In addition, when there is no possibility that such adhesion occurs, it is not necessary to make a small hole.

被覆部90は、ブドウ果実3Aを覆い、ブドウ果実3Aの周囲に外部と隔離した閉空間となる間隙を形成する。この間隙に、空気調節部10にて調節された空気を送出することにより、ブドウ果実3Aの周囲環境を調節する。 The covering portion 90 covers the grape fruit 3A and forms a gap that becomes a closed space isolated from the outside around the grape fruit 3A. The surrounding environment of the grape fruit 3A is adjusted by sending out the air adjusted by the air adjusting unit 10 into this gap.

ブドウ果実3Aを覆った状態での被覆部90の模式図を図4に示す。被覆部90は袋状になっており、ブドウ果実3A全体を覆って一定の広さの間隙を形成する大きさを有する。
被覆部90として、外部の湿度環境の影響を受けにくいように透湿性が低く、ブドウ果実3Aの状態が外部から確認できるように可視光透過性が高いものが好ましい。本実施形態では、ポリ塩化ビニリデンやポリプロピレン等を素材とした透明フィルムで被覆部90は形成されている。なお、被覆部90を、これらを素材とした透明フィルム以外としても良く、袋ではなく、フィルムよりも硬質な容器としても良い。
FIG. 4 shows a schematic view of the covering portion 90 in a state of covering the grape fruit 3A. The covering portion 90 has a bag shape and has a size that covers the entire grape fruit 3A and forms a gap of a certain size.
The covering portion 90 preferably has low moisture permeability so as not to be easily affected by the external humidity environment, and has high visible light transmission so that the state of grape fruit 3A can be confirmed from the outside. In the present embodiment, the covering portion 90 is formed of a transparent film made of polyvinylidene chloride, polypropylene, or the like. The covering portion 90 may be a container other than the transparent film made of these materials, and may be a container harder than the film instead of a bag.

被覆部90の開口部から、ブドウ果実3Aと共に、送出細管60及び受入細管70を挿入し、ブドウ果実3Aが成育している小枝、送出細管60及び受入細管70を束ねた状態で開口部を閉じて、閉じた部分は紐状の部材等で縛られている。 From the opening of the covering portion 90, the sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 are inserted together with the grape fruit 3A, and the opening is closed with the twigs, the sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 in which the grape fruit 3A is growing are bundled. The closed part is tied with a string-shaped member or the like.

送出細管60は、端部の開口面が被覆部90の上部に位置するように挿入されており、受入細管70は、端部の開口面が被覆部90の下部に位置するように挿入されている。これにより、空気調節部10で調節された空気が送出細管60からブドウ果実3A全体に効率的に行き渡り、被覆部90内の空気が受入細管70から効率的に排出される。
また、上述のように、送出細管60の端部及び受入細管70の端部にはそれぞれ小孔61及び71が穿設されており、送出細管60の開口面及び受入細管70の開口面が被覆部90の内面に付着しないようにしている。
The sending thin tube 60 is inserted so that the opening surface at the end is located at the upper part of the covering portion 90, and the receiving thin tube 70 is inserted so that the opening surface at the end is located at the lower part of the covering portion 90. There is. As a result, the air regulated by the air regulating portion 10 is efficiently distributed from the sending capillary tube 60 to the entire grape fruit 3A, and the air in the covering portion 90 is efficiently discharged from the receiving capillary tube 70.
Further, as described above, small holes 61 and 71 are bored at the end of the sending thin tube 60 and the end of the receiving thin tube 70, respectively, and the opening surface of the sending thin tube 60 and the opening surface of the receiving thin tube 70 are covered. It is prevented from adhering to the inner surface of the portion 90.

被覆部90内への外気温の影響を軽減するために、断熱性や遮熱性を有するシートを被覆部90に被せても良い。例えば、高密度ポリエチレンのシートを被覆部90全体或いは上部に被せる。更に、そのシートの上から、鳥よけ用に、例えば下方が開口しているポリエチレン製の袋やナイロン製のネット等を被せても良い。
なお、被覆部90の場合と同様に、循環配管に断熱性や遮熱性を有するシートを巻着することにより、管内を流れる空気への外気温の影響を軽減し、より効率的に低湿度で低温な環境を創出することも可能である。
In order to reduce the influence of the outside air temperature on the covering portion 90, the covering portion 90 may be covered with a sheet having heat insulating properties and heat insulating properties. For example, a sheet of high-density polyethylene is put on the entire coating portion 90 or the upper portion. Further, the sheet may be covered with, for example, a polyethylene bag or a nylon net having an opening at the bottom for bird repellent.
As in the case of the covering portion 90, by wrapping a sheet having heat insulating properties and heat insulating properties around the circulation pipe, the influence of the outside air temperature on the air flowing in the pipe is reduced, and the humidity is lowered more efficiently. It is also possible to create a low temperature environment.

また、空気調節部10は、空気調節部10内部の湿度及び温度が裂果抑制に適切な値になるようにエアコンを設定しているが、被覆部90内の湿度及び温度を測定し、それら実測値が裂果抑制に適切な値になるようにエアコンでの設定値を調節しても良い。これにより、より適切に湿度及び温度を調節することができる。 Further, the air conditioner 10 sets the air conditioner so that the humidity and temperature inside the air conditioner 10 become appropriate values for suppressing fruit cracking, but the humidity and temperature inside the covering portion 90 are measured and measured. The set value in the air conditioner may be adjusted so that the value becomes an appropriate value for suppressing fruit cracking. As a result, the humidity and temperature can be adjusted more appropriately.

本発明の他の実施の形態について説明する。 Other embodiments of the present invention will be described.

第1実施形態では、空気調節部10は、湿度及び温度を調節した空気を送出するだけであるが、果実の栽培のために使用される薬剤を、空気調節部で調節された空気に加える薬剤付加手段を更に備えていても良い。例えば、ブドウ3の育成促進や防病害等のために使用される化学物質を煙霧状にして、送出する空気に加えることが可能である。例えば、燻煙剤や次亜塩素酸水等の蒸気を、送出する空気に加える。燻煙剤を加えることにより病害虫を防除することができ、次亜塩素酸水を加えることにより、殺菌及び除菌を行うことができる。 In the first embodiment, the air control unit 10 only sends out air whose humidity and temperature are regulated, but a drug used for growing fruits is added to the air regulated by the air control unit. Additional means may be further provided. For example, it is possible to form a chemical substance used for promoting the growth of grape 3 and preventing diseases into a haze and add it to the air to be sent. For example, a vapor such as a smoke agent or hypochlorite water is added to the air to be sent. Pests can be controlled by adding a smoke agent, and sterilization and sterilization can be performed by adding hypochlorite water.

ブドウ果実3Aを被覆部90のような袋等で覆った場合、通常はこのような煙霧状の化学物質をブドウ果実3Aに噴霧することは困難であるが、空気調節部から送出される空気に加えることにより、これらの噴霧が可能となる。 When the grape fruit 3A is covered with a bag or the like such as the covering portion 90, it is usually difficult to spray such a fumes-like chemical substance on the grape fruit 3A, but the air sent from the air conditioning unit By adding, these sprays are possible.

上述に対応した果実栽培システムの例(第2実施形態)を図5に示す。第2実施形態の果実栽培システム4では、図2に示される第1実施形態の果実栽培システム2と比べると、空気調節部10が空気調節部11に代わっており、空気調節部11は薬剤付加手段12を具備する。 An example of a fruit cultivation system (second embodiment) corresponding to the above is shown in FIG. In the fruit cultivation system 4 of the second embodiment, as compared with the fruit cultivation system 2 of the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2, the air control unit 10 replaces the air control unit 11, and the air control unit 11 adds a drug. The means 12 is provided.

薬剤付加手段12は、燻煙剤及び次亜塩素酸水噴霧器から構成される。これらを同時に又は個別に使用し、空気調節部11が循環本管20に送出する空気に、煙霧状の燻煙剤及び/又は次亜塩素酸水を加える。
なお、薬剤付加手段12は、煙霧状の燻煙剤や次亜塩素酸水の他に、貴腐菌(ボトリティス・シネレア菌)等の有益菌を含むガスを生成しても良い。また、薬剤付加手段12は空気調節部11内に具備されているが、空気調節部11から独立して、循環本管20に直接接続するようにしても良い。
The drug addition means 12 is composed of a smoke agent and a hypochlorite sprayer. These are used simultaneously or individually, and a fumes-like smoke agent and / or hypochlorite water is added to the air sent from the air conditioning unit 11 to the circulation main 20.
The chemical addition means 12 may generate a gas containing beneficial bacteria such as noble rot (Botrytis cinerea) in addition to the fumes-like smoke agent and hypochlorite water. Further, although the drug adding means 12 is provided in the air adjusting unit 11, it may be connected directly to the circulation main 20 independently of the air adjusting unit 11.

上述の実施形態では、循環配管は循環本管20、循環支管30、循環小支管40及び循環細管50の4種類の管から構成されるが、構成する管の種類は4種類に限られず、他の種類数で構成しても良い。また、各管の本数も上述に限られず、他の本数で構成しても良い。各管の内径も上述に限られず、適宜変更可能であり、全ての管の内径を同じにしても良い。 In the above-described embodiment, the circulation pipe is composed of four types of pipes, that is, a circulation main pipe 20, a circulation branch pipe 30, a circulation sub-branch pipe 40, and a circulation thin pipe 50, but the types of the constituent pipes are not limited to four types, and other types. It may be composed of the number of types. Further, the number of each tube is not limited to the above, and may be configured by another number. The inner diameter of each pipe is not limited to the above, and can be changed as appropriate, and the inner diameter of all pipes may be the same.

ビニールハウス1の全体を防風ネットで覆うようにしても良い。送出細管60及び受入細管70はシリコーンゴムを素材としており、被覆部90内に挿入されている端部は固定されていないので、被覆部90が強風に晒された場合、循環細管50から外れる可能性がある。ビニールハウス1の全体を防風ネットで覆うことにより、その可能性を小さくすることができる。防風ネットの使用により、ブドウ果実や新梢への被害も抑制することができる。 The entire vinyl house 1 may be covered with a windbreak net. Since the sending thin tube 60 and the receiving thin tube 70 are made of silicone rubber and the end portion inserted into the covering portion 90 is not fixed, the covering portion 90 can be detached from the circulating thin tube 50 when exposed to a strong wind. There is sex. By covering the entire greenhouse 1 with a windbreak net, the possibility can be reduced. By using a windbreak net, damage to grape fruits and shoots can be suppressed.

以上、本発明の実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記形態に限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲で種々の変形が可能である。また、上記形態において明示的に開示されていない事項、例えば構成物の寸法、重量等は、当業者が通常実施する範囲を逸脱するものではなく、通常の当業者であれば、容易に想定することが可能な値を採用することができる。 Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, and various modifications can be made without departing from the gist of the present invention. In addition, matters not explicitly disclosed in the above embodiment, such as dimensions and weights of constituents, do not deviate from the range normally carried out by those skilled in the art, and can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art. Possible values can be adopted.

1 ビニールハウス
2、4 果実栽培システム
3 ブドウ
3A ブドウ果実
10、11 空気調節部
12 薬剤付加手段
20 循環本管
30、31、32 循環支管
40、41、42 循環小支管
50、51、52 循環細管
60 送出細管
61、71 小孔
70 受入細管
80 バルブ
90 被覆部
1 Vinyl greenhouse 2, 4 Fruit cultivation system 3 Grape 3A Grape fruit 10, 11 Air control unit 12 Chemical addition means 20 Circulation mains 30, 31, 32 Circulation mains 40, 41, 42 Circulation small branches 50, 51, 52 Circulation tubules 60 Outgoing thin tube 61, 71 Small hole 70 Incoming thin tube 80 Valve 90 Cover

Claims (10)

少なくとも空気の湿度を調節する空気調節部と、
前記空気調節部に接続し、前記空気調節部で調節された空気である調節空気が循環する循環配管と、
果実との間に間隙を形成して、前記果実を覆う複数の被覆部と、
前記循環配管及び前記被覆部に接続し、前記調節空気を前記被覆部に導く送出細管と、
前記被覆部及び前記循環配管に接続し、前記被覆部内の空気を前記循環配管に導く受入細管と、を備え
前記送出細管の前記循環配管に接続する端部の開口面が、前記調節空気が前記循環配管内を流れる向きと反対の向きを向くように、前記送出細管が前記循環配管に接続し、
前記受入細管の前記循環配管に接続する端部の開口面が、前記調節空気が前記循環配管内を流れる向きと同じ向きを向くように、前記受入細管が前記循環配管に接続していることを特徴とする果実栽培システム。
At least an air regulator that regulates the humidity of the air,
A circulation pipe that is connected to the air conditioning unit and circulates regulated air, which is the air regulated by the air regulating unit.
A plurality of covering portions covering the fruit by forming a gap between the fruit and the fruit,
A delivery thin tube connected to the circulation pipe and the covering portion and guiding the regulated air to the covering portion,
It is provided with a receiving thin tube which is connected to the covering portion and the circulation pipe and guides the air in the covering portion to the circulation pipe .
The delivery thin tube is connected to the circulation pipe so that the opening surface of the end of the delivery thin tube connected to the circulation pipe faces the direction opposite to the direction in which the regulating air flows in the circulation pipe.
The receiving thin tube is connected to the circulating pipe so that the opening surface of the end of the receiving thin tube connected to the circulating pipe faces the same direction as the direction in which the adjusting air flows in the circulating pipe. A characteristic fruit cultivation system.
前記空気調節部が、空気の湿度及び温度を調節する請求項1に記載の果実栽培システム。 The fruit cultivation system according to claim 1 , wherein the air control unit controls the humidity and temperature of the air. 前記循環配管内の前記調節空気の流れの下流に位置するにつれて、接続する前記送出細管及び前記受入細管の内径が大きくなっている請求項1又は2に記載の果実栽培システム。 The fruit cultivation system according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the inner diameters of the sending thin tube and the receiving thin tube to be connected become larger as they are located downstream of the flow of the regulated air in the circulation pipe. 前記送出細管の前記被覆部に接続する端部及び前記受入細管の前記被覆部に接続する端部が、小孔を有して、前記被覆部の内部に挿入されている請求項1乃至のいずれかに記載の果実栽培システム。 3 . The fruit cultivation system described in either. 前記循環配管が、内径が順次小さくなる循環本管、循環支管、循環小支管及び循環細管から構成され、
前記循環本管及び前記循環支管が前記空気調節部に接続し、
前記送出細管及び前記受入細管は前記循環細管に接続している請求項1乃至のいずれかに記載の果実栽培システム。
The circulation pipe is composed of a circulation main, a circulation branch, a circulation sub-branch, and a circulation capillary whose inner diameter gradually decreases.
The circulation main and the circulation branch are connected to the air control unit, and the circulation main is connected to the air control unit.
The fruit cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 4 , wherein the sending thin tube and the receiving thin tube are connected to the circulating thin tube.
前記循環本管、前記循環支管、前記循環小支管及び前記循環細管間の接続は、Y管を介して行われている請求項に記載の果実栽培システム。 The fruit cultivation system according to claim 5 , wherein the connection between the circulation main, the circulation branch, the circulation sub-branch, and the circulation capillary is made via a Y-tube. 前記果実の栽培のために使用される薬剤を、前記調節空気に加える薬剤付加手段を更に備える請求項1乃至のいずれかに記載の果実栽培システム。 The fruit cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 6 , further comprising a drug addition means for adding a drug used for growing the fruit to the regulated air. 前記空気調節部が、前記果実の裂果を抑制するように空気を調節する請求項1乃至のいずれかに記載の果実栽培システム。 The fruit cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 7 , wherein the air control unit adjusts the air so as to suppress the cracking of the fruit. 請求項1乃至のいずれかに記載の果実栽培システムを用いることを特徴とする果実栽培方法。 A fruit cultivation method comprising the fruit cultivation system according to any one of claims 1 to 8 . 前記果実が、ブドウの果実である請求項に記載の果実栽培方法。 The fruit cultivation method according to claim 9 , wherein the fruit is a grape fruit.
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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005333923A (en) 2004-05-28 2005-12-08 National Agriculture & Bio-Oriented Research Organization Method for growing fruit and device for growing fruit
JP2006246879A (en) 2005-02-14 2006-09-21 Ikuo Kotaka Plant cultivating apparatus and method
JP2018183122A (en) 2017-04-27 2018-11-22 大浩研熱株式会社 Warming system for plant green house

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005333923A (en) 2004-05-28 2005-12-08 National Agriculture & Bio-Oriented Research Organization Method for growing fruit and device for growing fruit
JP2006246879A (en) 2005-02-14 2006-09-21 Ikuo Kotaka Plant cultivating apparatus and method
JP2018183122A (en) 2017-04-27 2018-11-22 大浩研熱株式会社 Warming system for plant green house

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