JP7054629B2 - 燃料電池車両 - Google Patents
燃料電池車両 Download PDFInfo
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- JP7054629B2 JP7054629B2 JP2018007931A JP2018007931A JP7054629B2 JP 7054629 B2 JP7054629 B2 JP 7054629B2 JP 2018007931 A JP2018007931 A JP 2018007931A JP 2018007931 A JP2018007931 A JP 2018007931A JP 7054629 B2 JP7054629 B2 JP 7054629B2
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Description
負荷に電力を供給する燃料電池と、
前記燃料電池に酸化剤ガスを供給する酸化剤ガス供給手段と、
前記燃料電池に燃料ガスを供給する燃料ガス供給手段と、
前記燃料電池の発電状態を制御する発電制御部と、
蓄電装置と、
前記蓄電装置の充電状態を取得する充電状態取得手段と、
前記燃料電池の余剰発電量を前記蓄電装置へ充電させるとともに、前記充電状態取得手段により取得された前記蓄電装置の充電状態に応じて、前記酸化剤ガス供給手段の駆動状態を駆動上限電力まで制御して、前記燃料電池の余剰発電量を消費させる余剰発電量消費制御部と、
車速を取得する車速取得手段と、を備え、
前記余剰発電量消費制御部は、前記車速取得手段により取得された前記車速に応じて前記酸化剤ガス供給手段の前記駆動上限電力を可変に設定する。
前記発電制御部は、
前記要求負荷取得手段により取得された前記要求負荷よりも高くて、前記燃料電池の劣化を抑制可能な発電領域にて前記燃料電池の発電を制御し、
前記余剰発電量消費制御部は、
劣化抑制発電制御時の前記余剰発電量を前記酸化剤ガス供給手段の駆動状態を制御することにより前記酸化剤ガス供給手段で消費させる。
前記充電状態取得手段により取得された前記蓄電装置の充電状態が充電状態閾値となった場合、前記車速取得手段により取得されている車速が加速状態を示しているとき、前記酸化剤ガス供給手段の前記駆動上限電力を前記車速に応じて上昇させるようにしてもよい。
前記充電状態取得手段により取得された前記蓄電装置の充電状態が充電状態閾値となった場合、前記車速取得手段により取得されている車速が減速状態を示しているとき、前記酸化剤ガス供給手段の前記駆動上限電力を前記車速に応じて減少させるようにしてもよい。
図1に示すように、実施形態に係る燃料電池車両10は、例えば、燃料電池電気自動車である。燃料電池車両10は、燃料電池システム12、高圧のバッテリ(蓄電装置)14、電流制御器15及びモータ(車両駆動用電動機)16を備える。バッテリ14は、二次電池やキャパシタ等を含む。
このように構成される燃料電池システム12の通常動作について、以下に説明する。
制御装置26は、燃料電池スタック18の状態、バッテリ14の状態、モータ16の状態、及びエアコンプレッサ42等の補機の状態の他、各種スイッチ、各種センサ(SOCセンサ2、車速センサ4、アクセルペダルセンサ6等)からの入力に基づき、負荷の要求負荷を取得し、燃料電池スタック18が負担する分担量、バッテリ14が負担する分担量、及びモータ16等の回生電源が負担する分担量の配分を調停しながら決定し、電流制御器15に指令を送出する。
次いで、この発明の実施形態に係る燃料電池車両10の運転制御方法{停車アイドリング中から走行中に至る際の乗員が感じるNV(ノイズ・振動)の抑制制御及び燃料電池スタック18の高電位劣化の抑制制御}について、図2のタイムチャートを参照して、以下に説明する。
次いで、この発明の実施形態に係る燃料電池車両10の運転制御方法{走行中から停車アイドリング中に至る際の乗員が感じるNV(ノイズ・振動)の抑制制御及び高電位劣化の抑制制御}について、図3のタイムチャートを参照して、以下に説明する。
ここで、図4のフローチャート及び図5の車速・エアコンプレッサ上限電力特性図を参照して、上記した第1実施例及び第2実施例の動作原則について説明する。
この実施形態に係る燃料電池車両10は、負荷(モータ16やエアコンプレッサ42等の補機)に電力を供給する燃料電池スタック18と、燃料電池スタック18に酸化剤ガスを供給する酸化剤ガス供給手段としてのエアコンプレッサ42と、燃料電池スタック18に燃料ガスを供給する燃料ガス供給手段としての高圧水素タンク58と、燃料電池スタック18の発電状態を制御する発電制御部26Aと、バッテリ(蓄電装置)14と、バッテリ14の充電状態を取得する充電状態取得手段としてのSOCセンサ2と、該SOCセンサ2により取得されたバッテリ14の充電状態に応じて、燃料電池スタック18の余剰発電量をバッテリ14へ充電させるとともに、エアコンプレッサ42の駆動状態を乗員が車室内のNV(ノイズ・振動)を許容可能な駆動上限電力(エアコンプレッサNV上限電力Papnvlim)まで制御して、燃料電池スタック18の余剰発電量を消費させる余剰発電量消費制御部26Bと、車速Vvを取得する車速取得手段としての車速センサ4と、を備える。
6…アクセルペダルセンサ 10…燃料電池車両
12…燃料電池システム 14…バッテリ
16…モータ 18…燃料電池スタック
20…酸化剤ガス供給装置 22…燃料ガス供給装置
24…冷却媒体供給装置 26…制御装置
26A…発電制御部 26B…余剰発電量消費制御部
28…発電セル 30…固体高分子電解質膜
32…アノード電極 34…カソード電極
42…エアコンプレッサ 51…バルブ
57…バイパス流路 58…高圧水素タンク
Claims (4)
- 負荷に電力を供給する燃料電池と、
前記燃料電池に酸化剤ガスを供給する酸化剤ガス供給手段と、
前記燃料電池に燃料ガスを供給する燃料ガス供給手段と、
前記燃料電池の発電状態を制御する発電制御部と、
蓄電装置と、
前記蓄電装置の充電状態を取得する充電状態取得手段と、
前記燃料電池の余剰発電量を前記蓄電装置へ充電させるとともに、前記充電状態取得手段により取得された前記蓄電装置の充電状態に応じて、前記酸化剤ガス供給手段の駆動状態を駆動上限電力まで制御して、前記燃料電池の余剰発電量を消費させる余剰発電量消費制御部と、
車速を取得する車速取得手段と、を備え、
前記余剰発電量消費制御部は、前記車速取得手段により取得された前記車速に応じて前記酸化剤ガス供給手段の前記駆動上限電力を可変に設定し、走行騒音の発生が大きい道路か否かを、ナビゲーション装置により取得し、走行騒音の発生の小さい道路では、走行騒音の発生が大きい道路と比較して前記酸化剤ガス供給手段の前記駆動上限電力を小さい値に設定する
ことを特徴とする燃料電池車両。 - 請求項1に記載の燃料電池車両において、
該燃料電池車両の走行要求に伴う前記負荷の要求負荷を取得する要求負荷取得手段をさらに備え、
前記発電制御部は、
前記要求負荷取得手段により取得された前記要求負荷よりも高くて、前記燃料電池の劣化を抑制可能な発電領域にて前記燃料電池の発電を制御し、
前記余剰発電量消費制御部は、
劣化抑制発電制御時の前記余剰発電量を前記酸化剤ガス供給手段の駆動状態を制御することにより前記酸化剤ガス供給手段で消費させる
ことを特徴とする燃料電池車両。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池車両において、
前記余剰発電量消費制御部は、
前記充電状態取得手段により取得された前記蓄電装置の充電状態が充電状態閾値となった場合、前記車速取得手段により取得されている車速が加速状態を示しているとき、前記酸化剤ガス供給手段の前記駆動上限電力を前記車速に応じて上昇させる
ことを特徴とする燃料電池車両。 - 請求項1又は2に記載の燃料電池車両において、
前記余剰発電量消費制御部は、
前記充電状態取得手段により取得された前記蓄電装置の充電状態が充電状態閾値となった場合、前記車速取得手段により取得されている車速が減速状態を示しているとき、前記酸化剤ガス供給手段の前記駆動上限電力を前記車速に応じて減少させる
ことを特徴とする燃料電池車両。
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