JP7023758B2 - Lactic acid bacteria with excellent antifungal properties, fermented liquids using them, and methods for producing them. - Google Patents

Lactic acid bacteria with excellent antifungal properties, fermented liquids using them, and methods for producing them. Download PDF

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JP7023758B2
JP7023758B2 JP2018051862A JP2018051862A JP7023758B2 JP 7023758 B2 JP7023758 B2 JP 7023758B2 JP 2018051862 A JP2018051862 A JP 2018051862A JP 2018051862 A JP2018051862 A JP 2018051862A JP 7023758 B2 JP7023758 B2 JP 7023758B2
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lactic acid
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匡 寺本
滋 山田
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Oriental Yeast Co Ltd
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Description

NPMD NPMD NITE P-02599NITE P-02599

本発明は、防黴性に優れた乳酸菌、前記乳酸菌を培養した培地を含有する発酵液および前記乳酸菌を培養することを含む発酵液の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a lactic acid bacterium having excellent antifungal properties, a fermented liquor containing a medium in which the lactic acid bacterium is cultivated, and a method for producing a fermented liquor including culturing the lactic acid bacterium.

黴は殆どの食品に対する腐敗菌となり、食品にとって大敵であることから、食品分野においては可能な限りその増殖を抑制することが必要とされており、製品の防黴性能は品質異常に関わる重要な問題である。また、近年では、パン等の食品の消費期限を長くしたいという要望も強く、この点からも黴の増殖を抑制することは非常に重要である。 Since mold becomes a putrefactive bacterium for most foods and is a great enemy to foods, it is necessary to suppress its growth as much as possible in the food field, and the moldproof performance of products is important for quality abnormalities. It's a problem. Further, in recent years, there has been a strong demand for a longer expiration date for foods such as bread, and it is very important to suppress the growth of mold from this point as well.

従来、例えば、パンでは、醸造酢、プロピオン酸、発酵液等を使用してパン中の有機酸濃度を上昇させることで、防黴性を持たせることが知られている。しかしながら、醸造酢は安価に防黴性を付与しうるものの、酸味、酸臭があることから、十分な防黴性を担保しようとすると、製品の味に強い影響が生じるという問題があり、プロピオン酸は合成添加物であることから、その使用が敬遠されているという問題がある。 Conventionally, for example, it is known that bread has antifungal properties by increasing the concentration of organic acids in bread by using brewed vinegar, propionic acid, fermented liquid and the like. However, although brewed vinegar can impart antifungal properties at low cost, it has an acidity and an acid odor, so if an attempt is made to ensure sufficient antifungal properties, there is a problem that the taste of the product is strongly affected, and propion Since acid is a synthetic additive, there is a problem that its use is avoided.

これまでに、黴及び酵母の増殖を抑制する耐熱性の非有機酸物質である抗菌性物質を産生するラクトバチルス・サンフランシスエンシスを用いた発酵風味液(例えば、特許文献1参照)、製糖工場の工程汁から得られた乳酸生成菌(エンテロコッカス・フェカリス、ストレプトコッカス・サーモフィルス)を利用した、防黴性を有するサワーブレッド(例えば、特許文献2参照)、砂糖及び/又は砂糖製造工程汁をサイレージ由来乳酸菌とアルコール生成酵母の共培養にて発酵させ、菌体を除去した、保存性を高めることができる発酵風味液(例えば、特許文献3参照)、乳酸菌ラクトバチルス・ロイテリによって産生されたロイテリンと、乳酸菌由来のペプチドおよびタンパク質を除く天然の抗菌性物質とを含有する食品用保存剤(例えば、特許文献4参照)などが提案されている。
これらの提案の技術では、ある程度の防黴性が認められるものの、近年の消費期限の延長という要望に応えるためには、さらなる改良が求められているのが現状である。
So far, a fermented flavor liquid using Lactobacillus sanfransis ensis (see, for example, Patent Document 1) that produces an antibacterial substance that is a heat-resistant non-organic acid substance that suppresses the growth of mold and yeast, and a sugar factory. Sirage of ferment-proof sour bread (see, for example, Patent Document 2), sugar and / or sugar production process juice using lactic acid-producing bacteria (Enterococcus faecalis, Streptococcus thermophilus) obtained from the process juice of Fermented flavor liquid that can be fermented by co-culture of derived lactic acid bacteria and alcohol-producing yeast to remove bacterial cells (see, for example, Patent Document 3), and reuterin produced by the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri. , Food preservatives containing natural antibacterial substances excluding peptides and proteins derived from lactic acid bacteria (see, for example, Patent Document 4) have been proposed.
Although the proposed technologies have some degree of antifungal properties, further improvements are required in order to meet the recent demand for an extension of the expiration date.

したがって、防黴性に優れた乳酸菌ならびにこれを用いた発酵液およびその製造方法の速やかな提供が強く求められている。 Therefore, there is a strong demand for prompt provision of lactic acid bacteria having excellent antifungal properties, fermented liquids using the same, and methods for producing the same.

特許第3277251号公報Japanese Patent No. 3277251 特開2010-104305号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2010-104305 特開2014-79197号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2014-779197 特開平8-289770号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 8-289770

本発明は、このような要望に応え、現状を打破し、従来における前記諸問題を解決し、以下の目的を達成することを課題とする。即ち、本発明は、防黴性に優れた乳酸菌ならびにこれを用いた発酵液およびその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 It is an object of the present invention to meet such a demand, break through the current situation, solve the above-mentioned problems in the past, and achieve the following objects. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a lactic acid bacterium having excellent antifungal properties, a fermented liquid using the lactic acid bacterium, and a method for producing the same.

本発明者らは、前記目的を達成するべく鋭意検討を行った結果、培地中にロイテリンおよびペプチドではない防黴性物質を放出する乳酸菌ラクトバチルス・ロイテリを見出し、これを用いた発酵液により、食品に防黴性を付与し得ることを知見した。 As a result of diligent studies to achieve the above object, the present inventors have found a lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri that releases reuterin and a fungicide that is not a peptide into a medium, and a fermented solution using the lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus reuteri was used. It was found that it is possible to impart antifungal properties to foods.

本発明は、本発明者らの前記知見等に基づくものであり、前記課題を解決するための手段としては、以下の通りである。即ち、
<1> 培地中に防黴性物質を放出する乳酸菌であって、前記乳酸菌がラクトバチルス・ロイテリ(Lactobacillus reuteri)であり、前記防黴性物質がロイテリンおよびペプチドではないことを特徴とする乳酸菌である。
<2> 前記乳酸菌が、ラクトバチルス・ロイテリL-015株(NITE P-02599)である前記<1>に記載の乳酸菌である。
<3> 前記<1>または<2>に記載の乳酸菌を培養した培地を含有することを特徴とする防黴性を有する発酵液である。
<4> 前記<1>または<2>に記載の乳酸菌を培養することを含むことを特徴とする防黴性を有する発酵液の製造方法である。
The present invention is based on the above-mentioned findings of the present inventors, and the means for solving the above-mentioned problems are as follows. That is,
<1> A lactic acid bacterium that releases an antifungal substance into a medium, wherein the lactic acid bacterium is Lactobacillus reuteri, and the antifungal substance is not reuterin or a peptide. be.
<2> The lactic acid bacterium according to <1>, wherein the lactic acid bacterium is Lactobacillus reuteri L-015 strain (NITE P-02599).
<3> A fermented liquid having antifungal properties, which comprises a medium in which the lactic acid bacterium according to <1> or <2> is cultured.
<4> A method for producing a fermented liquid having antifungal properties, which comprises culturing the lactic acid bacterium according to the above <1> or <2>.

本発明によると、従来における前記諸問題を解決することができ、防黴性に優れた乳酸菌ならびにこれを用いた発酵液およびその製造方法を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to solve the above-mentioned problems in the past, and to provide a lactic acid bacterium having excellent antifungal properties, a fermentation broth using the lactic acid bacterium, and a method for producing the same.

図1は、試験例3の保存後の食パンの状態の一例を示す図である。FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an example of the state of bread after storage of Test Example 3. 図2は、試験例4-1の発酵液のHPLCクロマトグラムである。FIG. 2 is an HPLC chromatogram of the fermentation broth of Test Example 4-1. 図3は、試験例4-2の評価2の結果を示すグラフである。FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of evaluation 2 of Test Example 4-2. 図4は、試験例4-3の保存後の食パンの状態の一例を示す図である。FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an example of the state of bread after storage of Test Example 4-3.

(乳酸菌)
本発明の乳酸菌は、培地中に防黴性物質を放出するラクトバチルス・ロイテリ(Lactobacillus reuteri)であり、前記防黴性物質がロイテリンおよびペプチドではない乳酸菌である。
(Lactic acid bacteria)
The lactic acid bacterium of the present invention is Lactobacillus reuteri, which releases a bacillus-proof substance into a medium, and the lactic acid bacterium whose antifungal substance is not reuterin or a peptide.

前記乳酸菌の具体例としては、後述する試験例に記載のラクトバチルス・ロイテリL-015株が好適に挙げられる。前記L-015株は、独立行政法人製品評価技術基盤機構 特許微生物寄託センター(〒292-0818 千葉県木更津市かずさ鎌足2-5-8)に寄託申請し、NITE P-02599として、2017年12月22日に受託されている。 As a specific example of the lactic acid bacterium, the Lactobacillus reuteri L-015 strain described in the test example described later is preferably mentioned. The L-015 strain was applied for deposit at the National Institute of Technology and Evaluation Patent Microorganisms Depositary Center (2-5-8 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu City, Chiba Prefecture 292-0818), and was designated as NITE P-02599 in 2017. It was commissioned on December 22nd.

本発明の乳酸菌が培地中に放出する防黴性物質の詳細は不明だが、後述する試験例に示すように、従来防黴活性物質として知られているロイテリンやペプチドではない。 The details of the antifungal substance released by the lactic acid bacterium of the present invention into the medium are unknown, but as shown in the test examples described later, it is not reuterin or a peptide conventionally known as an antifungal active substance.

前記乳酸菌の製造方法としては、特に制限はなく、適宜選択することができ、例えば、後述する試験例で示すように、カビの生育を指標として用い、乳酸菌の培養上清におけるカビの生育が遅れる乳酸菌を選抜したり、前記乳酸菌の発酵液を食品に添加し、該食品におけるカビの生育遅れる乳酸菌を選抜したり、これらを組み合わせたりして製造する方法などが挙げられる。 The method for producing the lactic acid bacterium is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected. For example, as shown in a test example described later, the growth of mold is used as an index, and the growth of mold in the culture supernatant of lactic acid bacteria is delayed. Examples thereof include a method of selecting lactic acid bacteria, adding a fermented solution of the lactic acid bacteria to a food, selecting a lactic acid bacterium whose mold growth is delayed in the food, and producing by combining these.

前記乳酸菌は優れた防黴性を有するので、後述する発酵液およびその製造方法に好適に用いることができる。 Since the lactic acid bacterium has excellent antifungal properties, it can be suitably used for a fermentation broth and a method for producing the same, which will be described later.

(発酵液およびその製造方法)
本発明の防黴性を有する発酵液(以下、「発酵液」と称することがある。)は、本発明の乳酸菌を培養した培地を少なくとも含み、必要に応じてさらにその他の成分を含む。前記発酵液は、本発明の発酵液の製造方法により好適に製造することができる。以下、本発明の発酵液の製造方法の説明と併せて、本発明の発酵液についても説明する。
(Fermented liquid and its manufacturing method)
The fermented liquid having the antifungal property of the present invention (hereinafter, may be referred to as “fermented liquid”) contains at least a medium in which the lactic acid bacterium of the present invention is cultured, and further contains other components as necessary. The fermented liquid can be suitably produced by the method for producing a fermented liquid of the present invention. Hereinafter, the fermented liquid of the present invention will be described together with the description of the method for producing the fermented liquid of the present invention.

<発酵液の製造方法>
本発明の発酵液の製造方法は、本発明の乳酸菌を培養する培養工程を少なくとも含み、必要に応じてさらにその他の工程を含む。
<Manufacturing method of fermented liquid>
The method for producing a fermented liquid of the present invention includes at least a culture step of culturing the lactic acid bacterium of the present invention, and further includes other steps as necessary.

<培養工程>
前記培養工程は、本発明の乳酸菌を培養する限り、特に制限はなく、公知の培養方法を適宜選択することができる。
<Culture process>
The culture step is not particularly limited as long as the lactic acid bacterium of the present invention is cultured, and a known culture method can be appropriately selected.

前記培養における培地としては、特に制限はなく、通常乳酸菌の培養に用いられる培地の中から適宜選択することができる。また、前記培地に添加される成分としても、特に制限はなく、通常、乳酸菌の発酵の際に培地に添加され得る成分を適宜選択することができ、例えば、アミノ酸源、炭素源、各種無機塩、ビタミン類、穀粉類などが挙げられる。これらは、1種単独で使用してもよいし、2種以上を併用してもよい。 The medium in the culture is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected from the media usually used for culturing lactic acid bacteria. Further, the component added to the medium is not particularly limited, and usually, a component that can be added to the medium during fermentation of lactic acid bacteria can be appropriately selected. For example, an amino acid source, a carbon source, and various inorganic salts can be appropriately selected. , Vitamin, flour, etc. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

前記培養の温度としては、特に制限はなく、通常乳酸菌の培養に用いられる温度を適宜選択することができ、例えば、20~40℃とするなどが挙げられる。
前記培養の時間としては、特に制限はなく、通常乳酸菌の培養に用いられる時間を適宜選択することができ、例えば、12~40時間とするなどが挙げられる。
前記培養の態様、乳酸菌の接種量等のその他の培養条件としても、特に制限はなく、通常乳酸菌の培養に用いられる態様、条件を適宜選択することができる。
The temperature of the culture is not particularly limited, and the temperature usually used for culturing lactic acid bacteria can be appropriately selected, and examples thereof include 20 to 40 ° C.
The culture time is not particularly limited, and the time normally used for culturing lactic acid bacteria can be appropriately selected, and examples thereof include 12 to 40 hours.
The other culture conditions such as the above-mentioned culture mode and the inoculation amount of lactic acid bacteria are not particularly limited, and the mode and conditions usually used for culturing lactic acid bacteria can be appropriately selected.

<その他の工程>
前記その他の工程としては、本発明の効果を損なわない限り特に制限はなく、適宜選択することができ、例えば、遠心分離等により菌体残渣等を除去する除去工程、得られた発酵液を加熱殺菌する加熱殺菌工程などが挙げられる。
<Other processes>
The other steps are not particularly limited as long as the effects of the present invention are not impaired, and can be appropriately selected. For example, a removal step of removing bacterial cell residues and the like by centrifugation or the like, and heating the obtained fermentation broth. Examples include a heat sterilization step for sterilizing.

本発明の発酵液の製造方法によれば、優れた防黴性を有する発酵液を簡易に効率良く製造することができる。 According to the method for producing a fermented liquid of the present invention, a fermented liquid having excellent antifungal properties can be easily and efficiently produced.

本発明の発酵液は、上記した乳酸菌を培養した培地を含む限り特に制限はなく、必要に応じてその他の成分を含んでもよい。 The fermented liquor of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it contains the medium in which the above-mentioned lactic acid bacteria are cultured, and may contain other components as needed.

本発明の発酵液の用途としては、特に制限はなく、適宜選択することができ、例えば、食品などに好適に用いることができる。前記食品の種類としては、防黴性を付与することが有用な食品であれば特に限定はされないが、パン類を好適に例示することができる。 The use of the fermented liquid of the present invention is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected, and for example, it can be suitably used for foods and the like. The type of the food is not particularly limited as long as it is a food that is useful for imparting antifungal properties, but breads can be preferably exemplified.

前記発酵液は、単独で使用してもよいし、例えば、日持向上製剤などのその他の成分と組み合わせて使用してもよい。
前記発酵液の使用方法としては、特に制限はなく、食品の種類に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、パン類では生地の原料に添加して用いることができる。また、前記発酵液の使用量としても、特に制限はなく、食品の種類に応じて適宜選択することができ、例えば、パン類では、用いる穀粉類に対し、例えば、0.5~20質量%とするなどが挙げられる。
The fermented liquid may be used alone or in combination with other components such as a shelf life improving preparation.
The method of using the fermented liquid is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected depending on the type of food. For example, in breads, it can be added to the raw material of the dough. Further, the amount of the fermented liquid used is not particularly limited and can be appropriately selected depending on the type of food. For example, in breads, for example, 0.5 to 20% by mass with respect to the flour used. And so on.

本発明の発酵液は、例えばパン類等の食品に防黴性を付与することができ、かつ、従来の酢酸を用いた場合の問題であった酸味、酸臭といった悪影響を食品に及ぼすこともない優れたものである。したがって、本発明は、本発明の発酵液を用いる食品への防黴性付与方法にも関する。 The fermented liquid of the present invention can impart anti-drinking properties to foods such as breads, and can also have adverse effects on foods such as acidity and acid odor, which have been problems when conventional acetic acid is used. Not an excellent one. Therefore, the present invention also relates to a method for imparting antifungal properties to foods using the fermented liquid of the present invention.

以下、試験例を示して本発明を説明するが、本発明はこれらの試験例に何ら限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to test examples, but the present invention is not limited to these test examples.

(試験例1:乳酸菌の選抜)
出願人が保有する乳酸菌のライブラリーを用い、防黴性を有する乳酸菌のスクリーニングを以下のようにして行った。
MRS培地を0.3mLずつ分注した96ウェルプレートに乳酸菌を植菌し、30℃で1日間培養した。遠心(2,000rpm、5分間)した後、上清を捨て、50mMリン酸バッファー(2質量%グリセロール、0.5質量%炭酸カルシウム含有)0.3mLを添加し、37℃で4時間培養した。遠心(2,000rpm、5分間)した後、上清0.1mLを別のウェルに添加し、カビ液を植菌(黒カビ(IAM-2020、Aspergillus niger)、30個/50μL)し、30℃で40時間培養した。
上記培養により、黒カビの生育が遅れる乳酸菌をスクリーニングし、黒カビの菌糸が生育しない、或いは生育が遅れることが確認された以下の乳酸菌A~Dの4株が選抜された。
・ 乳酸菌A株 ・・・ ラクトバチルス・ロイテリ(Lactobacillus reuteri)L-015株
・ 乳酸菌B株 ・・・ ラクトバチルス・ブレビス(Lactobacillus brevis)L-011株
・ 乳酸菌C株 ・・・ ラクトバチルス・ブレビス(Lactobacillus brevis)L-021株
・ 乳酸菌D株 ・・・ ペディオコッカス・ペントサセウス(Pediococcus pentsaceus)Mees 1934 P-007株
(Test Example 1: Selection of lactic acid bacteria)
Using the library of lactic acid bacteria owned by the applicant, screening of lactic acid bacteria having antifungal properties was performed as follows.
Lactic acid bacteria were inoculated into 96-well plates in which 0.3 mL of MRS medium was dispensed, and cultured at 30 ° C. for 1 day. After centrifugation (2,000 rpm, 5 minutes), the supernatant was discarded, 0.3 mL of 50 mM phosphate buffer (containing 2% by mass glycerol and 0.5% by mass calcium carbonate) was added, and the cells were cultured at 37 ° C. for 4 hours. .. After centrifugation (2,000 rpm, 5 minutes), 0.1 mL of the supernatant is added to another well, and the mold solution is inoculated (black mold (IAM-2020, Aspergillus niger), 30 pieces / 50 μL) at 30 ° C. Was cultured for 40 hours.
By the above culture, lactic acid bacteria whose growth was delayed were screened, and the following four strains of lactic acid bacteria A to D, which were confirmed to have no or delayed growth of hyphae of black mold, were selected.
・ Lactobacillus A strain ・ ・ ・ Lactobacillus reuteri L-015 strain ・ Lactobacillus B strain ・ ・ ・ Lactobacillus brevis L-011 strain ・ Lactobacillus C strain ・ ・ ・ Lactobacillus brevis ( Lactobacillus brevis) L-021 strain ・ Lactic acid bacterium D strain ・ ・ ・ Pediococcus pentaceus Mees 1934 P-007 strain

(試験例2:発酵液の製造と製パン試験による防黴性の評価)
試験例1で選抜された乳酸菌4株について、発酵液を製造し、製パン試験による防黴性の評価を行った。
(Test Example 2: Production of fermented liquid and evaluation of antifungal property by bread making test)
Fermented liquids were produced from the four lactic acid bacteria strains selected in Test Example 1, and the antifungal properties were evaluated by a bread making test.

<発酵液の製造>
小麦粉400gに水道水1,100gを加えよく撹拌した後ポリ容器に移し、上記乳酸菌を約10CFU/g添加し、乳酸菌Aの場合は37℃、乳酸菌B~Dの場合は30℃で20時間、インキュベーター中で静置培養した。20時間の培養後、炭酸カルシウム7.5gを加えよく撹拌した後、24%NaOHでpH6.5に調整し、乳酸菌Aの場合は37℃、乳酸菌B~Dの場合は30℃で4時間培養した。得られた発酵液を65℃で30分間加熱殺菌した。
<Manufacturing of fermented liquid>
Add 1,100 g of tap water to 400 g of wheat flour, stir well, transfer to a plastic container, add about 107 CFU / g of the above lactic acid bacteria, 37 ° C for lactic acid bacteria A, and 30 ° C for lactic acid bacteria B to D at 20 ° C. It was statically cultured in an incubator for hours. After culturing for 20 hours, 7.5 g of calcium carbonate was added and stirred well, then adjusted to pH 6.5 with 24% NaOH, and cultivated at 37 ° C for lactic acid bacteria A and 30 ° C for lactic acid bacteria B to D for 4 hours. did. The obtained fermentation broth was sterilized by heating at 65 ° C. for 30 minutes.

<製パン試験>
上記で製造した発酵液を用い、中種法により食パンを製造した。配合及び工程は、以下のとおりである。なお、発酵液を用いなかった以外は同様にして製造した食パンを対照(以下、「無添加」と称することがある。)とした。
[配合]
中種 本捏
・ 小麦粉 70質量部 30質量部
・ パン品質改良剤 0.1質量部 -
・ イースト 2質量部 -
・ 砂糖 - 5質量部
・ 脱脂粉乳 - 2質量部
・ 食塩 - 2質量部
・ 発酵液 - 5質量部
・ 油脂 - 5質量部
・ 水 40質量部 30質量部
[工程]
中種 本捏
・ ミキシング L2分M2分 L2分M5分↓M4分H2分
・ 捏上温度 24℃ 27℃
・ 発酵(フロア)時間 4時間 20分
・ 分割重量 - 220g×6
・ ベンチ時間 - 17分
・ ホイロ条件 - 38℃、相対湿度85%
・ 焼成条件 - 210℃、35分
・ 放冷 - 室温、90分
なお、上記工程において、Lは低速、Mは中速、Hは高速を表し、↓は油脂の添加を表す。
<Bread making test>
Using the fermented liquid produced above, bread was produced by the medium seed method. The formulation and process are as follows. The bread produced in the same manner except that the fermentation broth was not used was used as a control (hereinafter, may be referred to as “additive-free”).
[Mixing]
Medium-sized book kneading
・ 70 parts by mass of wheat flour 30 parts by mass ・ Bread quality improver 0.1 parts by mass -
・ 2 parts by mass of yeast -
・ Sugar-5 parts by mass ・ Skim milk powder-2 parts by mass ・ Salt-2 parts by mass ・ Fermentation liquid-5 parts by mass ・ Fats and oils-5 parts by mass
・ 40 parts by mass of water 30 parts by mass
[Process]
Medium-sized book kneading
・ Mixing L2 minutes M2 minutes L2 minutes M5 minutes ↓ M4 minutes H2 minutes ・ Kneading temperature 24 ℃ 27 ℃
・ Fermentation (floor) time 4 hours 20 minutes ・ Divided weight-220g x 6
・ Bench time -17 minutes ・ Hoiro condition-38 ℃, relative humidity 85%
-Baking conditions-210 ° C, 35 minutes
・ Cooling-room temperature, 90 minutes
In the above steps, L represents a low speed, M represents a medium speed, H represents a high speed, and ↓ represents the addition of fats and oils.

-評価-
得られた食パンのクラム部分に黒カビを2個/スポット植菌し、28℃で96時間保存してカビの生育を確認し、カビの生育度合いを「+」の数で評価した。具体的には、カビの生育が多いものほど「+」の数を多くした。食パンのpH、乳酸含量および酢酸含量と併せて、結果を表1に示す。
-evaluation-
Two black molds / spot inoculated on the crumb portion of the obtained bread, and the mixture was stored at 28 ° C. for 96 hours to confirm the growth of the mold, and the degree of growth of the mold was evaluated by the number of "+". Specifically, the more mold grows, the larger the number of "+". The results are shown in Table 1 together with the pH, lactic acid content and acetic acid content of the bread.

Figure 0007023758000001
Figure 0007023758000001

試験例2の結果から、試験例1で選抜された乳酸菌A~Dの4株を培養した培地を含む発酵液を添加したパンでは、パン中でも防黴性を有することが確認された。中でも、乳酸菌A株が最も強い防黴効果を有することが確認された。 From the results of Test Example 2, it was confirmed that the bread to which the fermentation broth containing the medium in which the four strains of lactic acid bacteria A to D selected in Test Example 1 were cultured had antifungal properties even in the bread. Among them, it was confirmed that the lactic acid bacterium A strain has the strongest antifungal effect.

前記前記乳酸菌A株(ラクトバチルス・ロイテリL-015株)は、独立行政法人製品評価技術基盤機構 特許微生物寄託センター(〒292-0818 千葉県木更津市かずさ鎌足2-5-8)に寄託申請し、NITE P-02599として、2017年12月22日に受託された。 The above-mentioned lactic acid bacterium A strain (Lactobacillus reuteri L-015 strain) is applied for deposit at the National Institute of Technology and Evaluation Patent Microorganisms Depositary Center (2-5-8 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu City, Chiba Prefecture 292-0818). It was commissioned as NITE P-02599 on December 22, 2017.

(試験例3)
<発酵液の製造>
乳酸菌として前記A株を用い、加熱殺菌の温度を65℃又は80℃とした以外は、試験例2と同様にして発酵液を製造した。
(Test Example 3)
<Manufacturing of fermented liquid>
The fermented liquid was produced in the same manner as in Test Example 2 except that the strain A was used as the lactic acid bacterium and the temperature of heat sterilization was set to 65 ° C. or 80 ° C.

<製パン試験>
上記で製造した発酵液を用い、試験例2と同様にして食パンを製造した。なお、発酵液を用いなかった以外は同様にして製造した食パンを対照とした。
<Bread making test>
Using the fermented liquid produced above, bread was produced in the same manner as in Test Example 2. Bread produced in the same manner except that the fermented liquid was not used was used as a control.

-評価-
試験例2と同様にして、食パンにおけるカビの生育度合いを評価した。食パンのpH、乳酸含量および酢酸含量と併せて、結果を表2に示す。また、保存後の食パンの状態の一例を図1に示す。
-evaluation-
In the same manner as in Test Example 2, the degree of mold growth in bread was evaluated. The results are shown in Table 2 together with the pH, lactic acid content and acetic acid content of the bread. Further, FIG. 1 shows an example of the state of bread after storage.

Figure 0007023758000002
Figure 0007023758000002

試験例3の結果から、80℃の殺菌条件で処理した発酵液を用いた場合でも防黴性が認められた。そのため、防黴性を示す活性物質は、バクテリオシンのようなタンパク質性の化合物ではないと考えられた。 From the results of Test Example 3, antifungal properties were confirmed even when a fermented liquid treated under sterilizing conditions of 80 ° C. was used. Therefore, it was considered that the active substance exhibiting antifungal activity was not a proteinaceous compound such as bacteriocin.

(試験例4)
ラクトバチルス・ロイテリの中には、防黴活性に寄与するロイテリンを生産する株が存在することが報告されている。そこで、本発明における防黴活性に寄与する物質がロイテリンであるかどうかを以下のようにして検討した。また、本発明の発酵液と醸造酢との比較も併せて行った。
(Test Example 4)
It has been reported that among Lactobacillus reuteri, there are strains that produce reuterin that contributes to antifungal activity. Therefore, whether or not the substance contributing to the antifungal activity in the present invention is reuterin was examined as follows. In addition, a comparison between the fermented liquid of the present invention and brewed vinegar was also performed.

<試験例4-1>
乳酸菌として前記A株を用いて、下記のようにして製造した発酵液について、HPLCクロマトグラフィーを用いて検討を行った。なお、検出条件は以下のとおりである。
-発酵液の製造-
小麦粉400gに水道水1,100gを加えよく撹拌した後ポリ容器に移し、乳酸菌Aを約10CFU/g添加し、37℃で20時間、インキュベーター中で静置培養した。20時間の培養後、炭酸カルシウム7.5gを加えよく撹拌した後、24%NaOHでpH6.5に調整し、150gのグリセリンを添加した後、37℃4時間培養した。得られた発酵液を65℃で30分間加熱殺菌した。
[検出条件]
・ カラム : SCR-101N(φ7.9×300mm)
・ 溶媒 : 水
・ 流速 : 0.8mL/分間、55℃
・ 検出 : 示差屈折率検出器(RID)
<Test Example 4-1>
The fermentation broth produced as described below using the A strain as a lactic acid bacterium was examined by HPLC chromatography. The detection conditions are as follows.
-Manufacturing of fermented liquid-
After adding 1,100 g of tap water to 400 g of wheat flour and stirring well, the mixture was transferred to a plastic container, about 107 CFU / g of lactic acid bacterium A was added, and the mixture was statically cultured in an incubator at 37 ° C. for 20 hours. After culturing for 20 hours, 7.5 g of calcium carbonate was added and stirred well, the pH was adjusted to 6.5 with 24% NaOH, 150 g of glycerin was added, and then the cells were cultured at 37 ° C. for 4 hours. The obtained fermentation broth was sterilized by heating at 65 ° C. for 30 minutes.
[Detection conditions]
-Column: SCR-101N (φ7.9 x 300 mm)
・ Solvent: Water ・ Flow rate: 0.8 mL / min, 55 ° C
-Detection: Differential refractometer detector (RID)

図2にHPLCクロマトグラムを示す。図2に示されるように、保持時間11.5分にグリセリンのピーク(図2中の(1))が認められ、保持時間12.6分にはロイテリンと示唆されるピーク(図2中の(2))が認められた。しかしながら、発酵液中のグリセリンはほとんど消費されておらず、また、従来防黴効果が認められているロイテリン濃度を考慮すると、ロイテリンと示唆されるピーク面積も非常に小さく、本発明の発酵液の防黴性は、ロイテリンに起因するものではないことが示唆された。 FIG. 2 shows an HPLC chromatogram. As shown in FIG. 2, a peak of glycerin ((1) in FIG. 2) was observed at a retention time of 11.5 minutes, and a peak suggested to be reuterin at a retention time of 12.6 minutes (in FIG. 2). (2)) was recognized. However, glycerin in the fermented liquor is hardly consumed, and considering the concentration of reuterin, which has been conventionally recognized as having an antifungal effect, the peak area suggested as reuterin is also very small, and the fermented liquor of the present invention has a very small peak area. It was suggested that the antifungal property was not due to reuterin.

<試験例4-2>
ロイテリンは、カビだけではなく、サッカロマイセス・セレビシエ(Saccharomyces cerevisiae)やバチルス・サブチリス(Bacillus subtilisi)にも抗菌活性を有することが報告されている。
そこで、本発明の発酵液の一例として、乳酸菌として前記A株を用いて試験例2と同様にして製造した発酵液を用いて食パンを製造し、本発明の発酵液における防黴活性成分がロイテリンであるかどうかを検討した。
なお、食パンは、以下の3種類を製造した。
(A)発酵液を用いた食パン
乳酸菌として前記A株を用いて試験例2と同様にして製造した発酵液を用い、試験例2の製パン試験と同様にして食パンを製造した。
(B)発酵液を用いなかった食パン
発酵液を用いなかった以外は、上記(A)と同様にして食パンを製造した。
(C)醸造酢を用いた食パン
発酵液を用いず、本捏において、醸造酢を1.1質量部加え、水を28質量部に変えた以外は、上記(A)と同様にして食パンを製造した。
<Test Example 4-2>
Reuterin has been reported to have antibacterial activity not only on molds but also on Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Bacillus subtilisi.
Therefore, as an example of the fermented liquid of the present invention, bread is produced using the fermented liquid produced in the same manner as in Test Example 2 using the strain A as the lactic acid bacterium, and the antifungal active ingredient in the fermented liquid of the present invention is reuterin. I examined whether it was.
The following three types of bread were produced.
(A) Bread using fermented liquid Bread was produced in the same manner as in the bread making test of Test Example 2 using the fermented liquid produced in the same manner as in Test Example 2 using the strain A as the lactic acid bacterium.
(B) Bread without using fermented bread Bread was produced in the same manner as in (A) above, except that the fermented liquid was not used.
(C) Bread using brewed vinegar In this kneading, 1.1 parts by mass of brewed vinegar was added and the amount of water was changed to 28 parts by mass, but the bread was prepared in the same manner as in (A) above. Manufactured.

-評価1-
食パンの製造において、発酵液を用いた上記(A)の場合と、発酵液を用いなかった上記(B)の場合とで、ホイロ時間を比較したところ、両者は同等であった。そのため、本発明の発酵液の酵母に対する影響は確認されず、本発明の乳酸菌が放出する防黴性物質は、ロイテリンではないと考えられた。
-Evaluation 1-
In the production of bread, when the proof time was compared between the case of the above (A) using the fermented liquid and the case of the above (B) not using the fermented liquid, both were equivalent. Therefore, the effect of the fermented liquid of the present invention on yeast was not confirmed, and it was considered that the antifungal substance released by the lactic acid bacterium of the present invention was not reuterin.

-評価2-
製造した各食パンを半分に切り、バチルス属菌を2個植菌し、密閉して30℃で保管した。保管3日目にパンを水抽出し、菌数を測定した。結果を図3に示す。
図3に示したように、本発明の発酵液を用いた上記(A)の場合はバチルス属菌の生育抑制効果は認められなかった。したがって、この結果からも、本発明の乳酸菌が放出する防黴性物質は、ロイテリンではないと考えられた。
-Evaluation 2-
Each bread produced was cut in half, inoculated with two Bacillus spp., Sealed and stored at 30 ° C. Bread was extracted with water on the third day of storage, and the number of bacteria was measured. The results are shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 3, in the case of (A) above using the fermented liquid of the present invention, the effect of suppressing the growth of Bacillus spp. Was not observed. Therefore, from this result as well, it was considered that the antifungal substance released by the lactic acid bacterium of the present invention was not reuterin.

<試験例4-3>
試験例4-2で製造した各食パンに黒カビまたは青カビを2個/スポット植菌し、試験例2と同様にして、食パンにおけるカビの生育度合いを評価した。食パンのpH、乳酸含量および酢酸含量と併せて、結果を表3に示す。また、保存後の食パンの状態の一例を図4に示す。
<Test Example 4-3>
Two black molds or blue molds were inoculated into each bread produced in Test Example 4-2 by spot inoculation, and the degree of mold growth in the bread was evaluated in the same manner as in Test Example 2. The results are shown in Table 3 together with the pH, lactic acid content and acetic acid content of the bread. Further, FIG. 4 shows an example of the state of bread after storage.

Figure 0007023758000003
Figure 0007023758000003

表3及び図4の結果から、本発明の発酵液を用いた場合は、醸造酢を添加した場合と同様に、カビの生育を抑制していることが確認された。また、醸造酢を添加した食パンは、酸味、酸臭が強く製品としては適さないものであったのに対し、本発明の発酵液を添加した場合は、酸味、酸臭が感じられず、優れたものであることも確認された。 From the results of Table 3 and FIG. 4, it was confirmed that when the fermented liquid of the present invention was used, the growth of mold was suppressed as in the case where brewed vinegar was added. Further, the bread to which brewed vinegar was added had a strong acidity and odor and was not suitable as a product, whereas when the fermented liquid of the present invention was added, the acidity and odor were not felt and it was excellent. It was also confirmed that it was a vinegar.

NITE P-02599

NITE P-02599

Claims (3)

ラクトバチルス・ロイテリ(Lactobacillus reuteri)L-015株(NITE P-02599)であることを特徴とする乳酸菌。 A lactic acid bacterium characterized by being a Lactobacillus reuteri L-015 strain (NITE P-02599) . 請求項1に記載の乳酸菌を培養した培地を含有することを特徴とする防黴性を有する発酵液。A fermented liquid having antifungal properties, which comprises a medium in which the lactic acid bacterium according to claim 1 is cultured. 請求項1に記載の乳酸菌を培養することを含むことを特徴とする防黴性を有する発酵液の製造方法。A method for producing a fermented liquid having antifungal properties, which comprises culturing the lactic acid bacterium according to claim 1.
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