JP7016981B1 - Drainage system for abutments and piers - Google Patents

Abstract

【課題】日本中の橋梁が老朽化し、５０年経過の橋が通行止め、落橋の危機にある。延命化に有効策を講じなければならない。原因の一つに、橋梁を受ける橋台・橋脚の橋座部で、伸縮装置からの漏水に起因する鋼桁、支承の腐食がある。橋座面に排水溝を掘り抜く対策が考えられるが、構造物を痛め、耐荷力を低下するとともに、排水先、その処理が容易でなく捗らない。【解決手段】新設、既設を問わず、橋座面にプラスチック製のU字型排水トレイ１８を敷設することとすれば簡明。伸縮装置からの腐食性の漏水を受けての排水に加えて、雨垂れ線内側にU字型排水トレイを設置し、誘導ライナーで水平な橋座面から集中して落水すれば、滞水もなく万年の湿潤状態を解消できる。部材長さ２ｍのブロック割とすれば軽く、梁長１０ｍでも簡単に延長できる。【選択図】 図２PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To bridges in Japan are aging, 50 years old bridges are closed, and bridges are in danger of collapse. Effective measures must be taken to prolong life. One of the causes is corrosion of steel girders and bearings due to water leakage from expansion and contraction devices at the abutments and piers that receive bridges. Measures to dig a drainage ditch on the bridge seat surface can be considered, but the structure will be damaged, the load capacity will be reduced, and the drainage destination and its treatment will not be easy and will not progress. SOLUTION: It is simple to lay a plastic U-shaped drainage tray 18 on a bridge seat surface regardless of whether it is newly installed or existing. In addition to drainage due to corrosive water leakage from the telescopic device, a U-shaped drainage tray is installed inside the raindrop line, and if the guide liner concentrates the water from the horizontal bridge seat surface, there will be no water retention. It can eliminate the wet condition of many years. It is light if it is a block split with a member length of 2 m, and can be easily extended even with a beam length of 10 m. [Selection diagram] Fig. 2

Description

本発明は、橋梁の腐食対策、延命化に資する橋台、橋脚の橋座面の排水システムに関する。 The present invention relates to a drainage system for abutments and pier seat surfaces that contribute to bridge corrosion countermeasures and life extension.

橋梁間には温度変化による橋桁１の伸縮に対応する図１に示す伸縮装置６が設けられているが、重交通による伸縮装置の損傷から落水、漏水を生じ、直下の橋台、橋脚２の梁１０の水平な橋座面９に落下し、そこの排水状況が悪いと常に湿潤状態になり、桁端部７の塗装部や支承８が腐食する。腐食は、長年の累積で一挙に断面欠損に至ることがある。交通荷重を受け持つ肝心の橋桁、支承が腐食したのでは橋梁の寿命に影響する。場合によっては、通行止め、落橋と社会的影響も大きい。腐食対策として橋台、橋脚の橋座面に図２に示す排水溝１６や排水勾配１７を設けることが考えられるが、溝で断面欠損し構造物としての耐荷カを失い、橋座面側面からの落水も拡散して周囲に溝を設けるのも同様の問題が生じ、工事費も多大で容易でない。特許情報プラットホームで検索したところ、キーワード「橋脚」、「排水溝」で３件あったが、該当は２件である。（特許文献１）は、道路の路面３の排水に関するもので、道路の両脇に立ち上がった側壁４の内部に空洞の排水溝を設け、または路肩部に沿って連続した蓋つきの排水装置を設けるもので集水に優れるが、本願は路面下の橋脚梁上、橋座面に落水、漏水した雨水、しずくの排水であり、位置、構造ともに異なる。（特許文献２）も、道路の路面の排水に関するもので、道路の側壁４の立ち上がり部の路肩部に沿って埋設型の排水溝を設けるもので集水に優れるが、本願は路面下の橋脚梁上、橋座面に落水、漏水した雨水、しずくの排水であり、位置、構造ともに異なる。 The expansion / contraction device 6 shown in FIG. 1 is provided between the bridges to cope with the expansion / contraction of the bridge girder 1 due to temperature changes. If it falls on the horizontal bridge seat surface 9 of 10 and the drainage condition there is poor, it will always be in a wet state, and the painted portion of the girder end portion 7 and the bearing 8 will be corroded. Corrosion can lead to cross-section defects all at once over the years. Corrosion of the essential bridge girders and bearings that carry the traffic load will affect the life of the bridge. In some cases, traffic closures, collapses and social impacts are also significant. As a measure against corrosion, it is conceivable to provide a drainage groove 16 and a drainage gradient 17 shown in FIG. 2 on the abutment and the bridge seat surface of the pier. The same problem arises when water falls and a ditch is provided around it, and the construction cost is high and it is not easy. When I searched on the patent information platform, there were 3 cases with the keywords "pier" and "drainage ditch", but 2 cases were applicable. (Patent Document 1) relates to drainage of the road surface 3 of a road, and provides a hollow drainage groove inside the side walls 4 rising on both sides of the road, or provides a drainage device with a continuous lid along the shoulder of the road. Although it is excellent in collecting water, this application is for water falling on the bridge pedestal under the road surface, on the bridge seat surface, leaked rainwater, and drainage of drops, and the position and structure are different. (Patent Document 2) also relates to drainage of the road surface, and is excellent in collecting water by providing a buried drainage ditch along the shoulder of the rising portion of the side wall 4 of the road. Water falls on the beam and on the bridge seat surface, leaked rainwater, and drainage of drops, and their positions and structures are different.

特開２０１３－１８５３６１号JP 2013-185361 実全昭５３－０３６８３３号Jitsuzensho 53-036833

橋梁１を受ける橋台、橋脚２は、図１に示す路面３の床版５が屋根のように上空にあるので、直接の雨水は受けない。ここで、橋台とは、橋の始まりと終わりの１橋の土台部分で、橋脚は中間の２橋を支える柱で、橋座面９は橋台が橋脚のおよそ半分の面積となる以外は腐食環境が同様なので、以下では、橋脚について説明する。橋梁に設ける伸縮装置６は、雨水を直下に落とさず、その上を流れ、路面３上の近くの排水桝で集水するタイプが多い。ところが、ゴム製品の伸縮装置は重交通の繰り返し、経年で損傷すると、その下の橋座面９に落水、漏水し、そしてしずくが落ちる。タイヤ交通による雨上がりの漏水、泥土混じりのしずくは、酸性、アルカリのイオン化成分の混合で、下の橋台、橋脚上の桁端部７や支承８に深刻な腐食が見られる。さらに、暴風雨時の横方向から桁下への雨水の吹込みの繰り返しで、水平な橋座面に万年的滞水、湿潤環境がある。そこで、これら腐食環境を改善することが求められるが、まず考えられる方法は伸縮装置の下部の橋座面に図２に説明する排水溝１６を設ける方法と、水平な橋座面に排水勾配１７をとる方法であるが、既設の構造物に排水溝の溝を掘ったり勾配のために削ったりでは、はつりの騒音問題、断面欠損や損傷となり、構造物の耐荷力を失い鉄筋のかぶりも浅くなり鉄筋腐食をもたらし、補修工事費も高く対策として捗っていない。新設の場合も、設計上の断面欠損となり、鉄筋のかぶり確保から鉄筋位置を全体的に下げる必要があるので地震時の耐荷力が小さくなり、鉄筋量を増やす設計となり相当不経済となる。水平な橋座面での排水処理も煩わしく、桁の重塗装仕様や耐久性の良い伸縮装置を採用するということで設計が捗らない。
そこで、腐食の経過を分析すると、主には雨上がりのしずく、泥汁が跳ねて泥土化し、桁端部７や、支承８に付着し長年で堆積することに起因すると考えられる。一時的な雨水の量を流すための溝としての大きな断面積が必ずしも必要ではないといえる。堆積した泥土は乾くと固化するので、流水断面を塞ぎ、やがて次の横殴りの風雨時には排水溝１６の横から雨水が溢れ出す。そうなると構造物を傷つける溝を設計してまで流水断面積を確保する意味がなくなる。すなわち、現実には、橋座面では、大量の雨水を流す排水溝というよりは、まずは、伸縮装置からの少量の泥土を受け、おおむね堆積すること、しずくの跳ね返りを少なくし橋脚の支承周辺に泥土を散乱させないこと、横殴りの侵入雨水をできるだけ早く排水すること、滞水させないことで水平な橋座面の乾燥しやすい状況を作り出すことが肝要といえる。流水断面の設計条件が不確かな溝を掘る排水溝でなく、経験的に試行することができるプラスチック製、モルタル製のU字型排水トレイ１８を伸縮装置の下部の橋座面に敷設することで、構造物を傷つけず、かつ新設、既設橋を問わず構造物の耐震上の影響もなく、このことで耐荷力の設計、照査も必要でなく、鉄筋のかぶり不足からの腐食の影響もなく、簡明に施工でき、さらに５年に１度の定期点検時に合わせて施工すれば合理的に進捗が捗ることとなり、日本中の橋梁の猶予のない延命化の飛躍的な進捗促進に寄与するという課題を解決できる。
さらに、橋軸直角方向の伸縮装置の、上からの部分的な線状の落水、漏水とともに、横からの吹込み雨水による橋座面の全体的な面状の滞水、それがもたらす常の湿潤環境も桁、支承の腐食に影響するので対策を要する。吹込みの雨水は、降り始めると橋座面の梁先端部１２をきれいに流してくれる。梁奥側への吹込み雨水を制御し、すなわちできるだけ早く橋脚下に導くことが湿潤面積を増やさないポイントとなる。梁先端部１２において、上の側壁、床版からの図３に示す雨垂れ線３０より内側に、かつ、桁の下フランジ２９の下に橋軸方向に沿ってU字型排水トレイを設けると、吹き曝しの雨水の奥側に流れ込む前の初期段階で効率よく捕捉、流下できる。かつ伸縮装置の下部の橋座面に敷設したU字型排水トレイからの排水を連続して流せる。 The abutment and pier 2 that receive the bridge 1 do not receive direct rainwater because the floor slab 5 of the road surface 3 shown in FIG. 1 is in the sky like a roof. Here, the abutment is the base of one bridge at the beginning and end of the bridge, the pier is a pillar that supports the two middle bridges, and the bridge seat surface 9 is a corrosive environment except that the abutment is about half the area of the pier. Is the same, so the piers will be described below. In many types, the expansion / contraction device 6 provided on a bridge does not drop rainwater directly below, but flows over it, and collects water in a drainage basin near the road surface 3. However, when the rubber product expansion and contraction device is damaged over time due to repeated heavy traffic, water falls, leaks, and drops fall on the bridge seat surface 9 underneath. Leakage after rain due to tire traffic and drops mixed with mud are mixed with acidic and alkaline ionized components, and serious corrosion is seen on the abutment below, the girder end 7 on the pier, and the bearing 8. In addition, there is a perennial stagnation and moist environment on the horizontal bridge seat surface due to repeated inflow of rainwater from the lateral direction to the bottom of the girder during a storm. Therefore, it is required to improve these corrosive environments, but the first conceivable method is to provide the drainage groove 16 described in FIG. 2 on the bridge seat surface at the bottom of the telescopic device, and the drainage gradient 17 on the horizontal bridge seat surface. However, if you dig a drainage ditch in an existing structure or scrape it due to a slope, you will have problems with the noise of the bridge, cross-section defects and damage, and the load capacity of the structure will be lost and the rebar cover will be shallow. It causes corrosion of reinforcing bars, and repair work costs are high, so no progress has been made as a countermeasure. Even in the case of a new installation, there will be a cross-sectional defect in the design, and since it is necessary to lower the position of the reinforcing bar as a whole in order to secure the cover of the reinforcing bar, the load bearing capacity at the time of an earthquake will be small, and the design will increase the amount of reinforcing bar, which will be considerably uneconomical. Wastewater treatment on a horizontal bridge seat surface is also troublesome, and the design does not progress due to the heavy coating specifications of the girder and the adoption of a durable expansion and contraction device.
Therefore, when the progress of corrosion is analyzed, it is considered that it is mainly caused by the drops after the rain, the mud splashing and becoming mud, adhering to the girder end 7 and the bearing 8 and accumulating over many years. It can be said that a large cross-sectional area as a groove for flowing a temporary amount of rainwater is not always necessary. Since the accumulated mud solidifies when it dries, it blocks the cross section of the running water, and eventually, rainwater overflows from the side of the drainage ditch 16 at the time of the next side-strike wind and rain. In that case, there is no point in ensuring the running water cross-sectional area by designing a groove that damages the structure. That is, in reality, on the bridge seat surface, rather than a drainage ditch that allows a large amount of rainwater to flow, first of all, a small amount of mud from the expansion and contraction device is received and generally accumulated, and the rebound of drops is reduced to the area around the pier bearing. It is important not to scatter the mud, to drain the invading rainwater from the sideways as soon as possible, and to prevent the water from staying in the bridge to create a dry condition on the horizontal bridge seat surface. By laying a U-shaped drain tray 18 made of plastic and mortar that can be tried empirically on the bridge seat surface at the bottom of the telescopic device, instead of a drain groove that digs a groove whose design conditions of the running water cross section are uncertain. There is no damage to the structure, and there is no seismic impact on the structure regardless of whether it is a new construction or an existing bridge. It can be constructed easily, and if it is constructed at the time of regular inspection once every five years, the progress will be rational, and it will contribute to the dramatic progress of the life extension of bridges all over Japan. Can solve problems.
In addition, the expansion and contraction device in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, along with partial linear water fall and leakage from above, as well as the overall surface retention of the bridge seat surface due to rainwater blown in from the side, which is the usual result. Moist environment also affects the corrosion of girders and bearings, so countermeasures are required. When the rainwater blows in, the beam tip 12 on the bridge seat surface is washed away cleanly when it starts to fall. Controlling the stormwater blown into the back of the beam, that is, guiding it to the bottom of the pier as soon as possible, is the key to not increasing the wet area. When a U-shaped drainage tray is provided in the beam tip portion 12 inside the raindrop line 30 shown in FIG. 3 from the upper side wall and the floor slab and under the lower flange 29 of the girder along the bridge axis direction, It can be efficiently captured and flowed down at the initial stage before it flows into the back of the exposed rainwater. In addition, drainage from the U-shaped drainage tray laid on the bridge seat surface at the bottom of the telescopic device can be continuously drained.

また、対策として橋座面に排水勾配１７を取ることも考えられるが、橋座面全周に雨水を捕捉する処理と集約して流す排水管を流下部に設置する必要があり、橋座面の全周に排水溝を設けるとなると、構造の耐荷力、鉄筋のかぶり不足による腐食、工事費など同様な問題が生じる。そこで、溝を掘るのではなく、水平面の橋座面に滞水させないことを目的とし、図３、図５に示す高さを付けた三角形、台形、逆T字型、またはL字型の誘導ライナー２２で堰堤、ストッパーをつくり奥側への侵入を少なくするとともに橋座面表面の流れを誘導し、できるだけ早く集水口に集約し、橋脚の梁側面から落下させることで、乾燥しやすい状況を作り出すことができ湿潤環境をもたらす水平な橋座面上の滞水の課題を解決できる。そうはいっても、水である限り、いつかの暴風雨の横殴りの雨水で、橋座面中央部付近に溜まった乾燥した埃、塵が流れ出る事態も考えられるので、絶対的に美観を気にする場合は、梁の橋座面の全体、全周を誘導ライナーで囲み堰堤、ダムのように止めるか、柱中央の側面部に集水口を設け落水ボックス管２４から落とすか、そこに既設の縦排水管がある場合や新設設計では図６に示すように合流する２股ソケット排水管２１で部分取り換え、採用する方法が考えられる。橋座面から無秩序に流れ出してできる梁側面の墨汁のような汚れ、シミが改善される。ただし、暴風雨時には越流すること、長い梁の橋脚では不経済となるので、誘導ライナーは短くし、越流できれいに流してくれるという考え方もありうる。 In addition, it is conceivable to take a drainage gradient 17 on the bridge seat surface as a countermeasure, but it is necessary to install a drainage pipe that collects rainwater and concentrates it on the entire circumference of the bridge seat surface at the bottom of the flow. If drainage ditches are provided all around the bridge, similar problems will occur such as the load capacity of the structure, corrosion due to insufficient cover of the reinforcing bars, and construction costs. Therefore, instead of digging a groove, the purpose is to prevent water from staying on the bridge seat surface of the horizontal plane, and to guide the triangle, trapezoid, inverted T-shape, or L-shape with the height shown in FIGS. 3 and 5. The liner 22 creates a dam and a stopper to reduce the intrusion into the inner side, guide the flow on the surface of the bridge seat surface, concentrate it at the water collecting port as soon as possible, and drop it from the side of the beam of the pier to make it easier to dry. It can solve the problem of water retention on the horizontal bridge seat surface that can be created and bring about a moist environment. Even so, as long as it is water, it is possible that sometime stormwater will hit the side of the bridge and dry dust and dirt that has accumulated near the center of the bridge seat surface will flow out, so if you absolutely care about the aesthetics. The entire circumference of the bridge seat surface of the beam is surrounded by an induction liner and stopped like a dam or dam, or a water collection port is provided on the side surface of the center of the pillar and the water is dropped from the waterfall box pipe 24, or the existing vertical drainage is performed there. If there is a pipe or in a new design, a method of partially replacing and adopting the two-pronged socket drain pipe 21 that joins as shown in FIG. 6 can be considered. Dirt and stains like ink on the side of the beam that flow out from the bridge seat surface in a disorderly manner are improved. However, it is uneconomical to overflow in the event of a storm, and it would be uneconomical if the piers of long beams are used.

図２、図４、図５に示すように集水口２３では閉水路断面の落水ボックス管２４を垂直の排水として接続する。ボックス管とすることにより落下時の飛沫拡散を防止でき、橋脚表面の汚れの広がりを防ぎ、かつボックス管が景観上の縦スリットを演出するので美観上の課題を解決できる。流下位置は、景観橋脚では図４に示す梁先端部１２の縦溝スリット部１９を利用することが考えられる。図４の右部に示す銀杏型橋脚のそこには上の路面から続く排水管２０が設置されているので、落水ボックス管２４を図６に示す２股ソケット排水管２１として部分置換えをする。その他一般的橋脚では、図５の左上部に示す梁先端の側面部１３、同図左下部の梁の途中の側面部１４、同図右上部の梁の柱付け根の側面部１５、同図右下部の橋脚の柱中央の側面部３２のうちから、路下への落水影響なども考慮して集水口位置を選択する。路下に走行車線がある場合は落水ボックス管２４が直接見えないよう梁側面の反対側に設けるのも美観上の配慮となる。落水ボックス管２４は接着剤だけでははがれることが想定されるので、一般の排水管と同様に橋脚のコンクリート表面にアンカーボルト止めする排水管バンドで止めるとよい。 As shown in FIGS. 2, 4, and 5, at the water collecting port 23, the waterfall box pipe 24 having a cross section of the closed channel is connected as vertical drainage. By using a box pipe, it is possible to prevent the diffusion of droplets when falling, prevent the spread of dirt on the surface of the pier, and the box pipe creates a vertical slit in the landscape, which can solve aesthetic problems. As the flow position, it is conceivable to use the vertical groove slit portion 19 of the beam tip portion 12 shown in FIG. 4 for the landscape pier. Since the drainage pipe 20 continuing from the road surface above is installed in the ginkgo-shaped pier shown on the right side of FIG. 4, the waterfall box pipe 24 is partially replaced as the bifurcated socket drainage pipe 21 shown in FIG. In other general piers, the side surface 13 at the tip of the beam shown in the upper left of FIG. 5, the side surface 14 in the middle of the beam in the lower left of the figure, the side surface 15 of the column base of the beam in the upper right of the figure, and the right of the figure. From the side surface portion 32 at the center of the pillar of the lower pier, the water collecting port position is selected in consideration of the influence of water falling under the road. If there is a traveling lane under the road, it is also an aesthetic consideration to install it on the opposite side of the beam side so that the falling water box pipe 24 cannot be seen directly. Since it is assumed that the waterfall box pipe 24 can be peeled off only with an adhesive, it is preferable to use a drainage pipe band that anchor bolts to the concrete surface of the pier in the same manner as a general drainage pipe.

伸縮装置６からの落水、漏水が、桁端間に突出した支承のモルタル台座２８でU字型排水トレイ１８の幅の範囲に収まらないときは、桁端部７から斜面を持った図２に示す傾斜プレート２５を設け排水トレイに導くと、落水のより広い範囲の捕捉ができ、腐食の多い桁端部に落水の直接当たること、橋座面での跳ねかえりを回避する課題を解決できる。ただし、このことで桁端部７空間が、輻輳し、風通しが悪く、逆に隙間風速を増すことで路下への落下が危惧される場合は、省略することも選択で、支承のモルタル台座部２８ではU字型排水トレイの幅を部分的に狭めたままで、そのほかのところでは幅を拡大するなどの処理を考える。幅を一定とすることにこだわる必要はない。U字型排水トレイ１８はオープンの開水路なのでいずれは泥土の蓄積であふれ出すことを前提にしているので。 If the water falling or leaking from the telescopic device 6 does not fall within the width range of the U-shaped drainage tray 18 on the mortar pedestal 28 of the bearing protruding between the girder ends, refer to FIG. 2 having a slope from the girder end portion 7. When the inclined plate 25 shown is provided and guided to the drainage tray, it is possible to capture a wider range of the falling water, and it is possible to solve the problems of directly hitting the corroded girder end and avoiding the bounce on the bridge seat surface. However, if this causes the girder end 7 space to be congested and poorly ventilated, and conversely there is a risk of falling under the road due to an increase in draft wind speed, it is possible to omit it, and the bearing mortar pedestal part. In No. 28, the width of the U-shaped drainage tray is kept partially narrowed, and the width is expanded in other places. You don't have to stick to keeping the width constant. Since the U-shaped drainage tray 18 is an open open channel, it is assumed that it will eventually overflow due to the accumulation of mud.

U字型排水トレイ１８、誘導ライナー２２、落水ボックス管２４、傾斜プレート２５は、経年で接着剤がはがれることを予想し、突風で飛散して落下事故とならないよう、各ブロック部材には図７に示す穴２６を設け、ロープ、ワイヤーなどの線材２７で結ぶことで、不測の飛散落下による第三者事故を未然に防ぐ課題を解決できる。重いモルタル製とすることも選択の範囲だ。 The U-shaped drainage tray 18, the induction liner 22, the falling water box pipe 24, and the inclined plate 25 are expected to be peeled off over time, and each block member is shown in FIG. 7 so as not to be scattered by a gust and cause a fall accident. By providing the hole 26 shown in the above and connecting it with a wire rod 27 such as a rope or a wire, it is possible to solve the problem of preventing a third party accident due to an unexpected scattering and falling. Making it from heavy mortar is also an option.

このような課題を解決するために、本発明の橋台、橋脚の橋座面の排水システムは、橋台、橋脚の橋座面に設置する排水システムであって、伸縮装置の下部の橋座面、並びに橋座面の梁先端部にU字型排水トレイ１８を敷設したことを特徴とする。 In order to solve such a problem, the drainage system of the abutment and the bridge seat surface of the pier of the present invention is a drainage system installed on the abutment and the bridge seat surface of the pier, and the bridge seat surface below the telescopic device. Further, a U-shaped drain tray 18 is laid at the tip of the beam on the abutment surface.

また、本発明の橋台、橋脚の橋座面の排水システムは、前記橋台、橋脚の橋座面において、雨水の流れを集水方向に導く三角形、台形、逆T字型、またはL字型の誘導ライナー２２を敷設したことを特徴とする。 In addition, the drainage system for the abutment and pier surface of the present invention has a triangular, trapezoidal, inverted T-shaped, or L-shaped structure that guides the flow of rainwater in the direction of water collection on the abutment or pier surface. The guide liner 22 is laid.

また、本発明の橋台、橋脚の橋座面の排水システムは、前記U字型排水トレイ、または前記誘導ライナーから集水した雨水の集約部に落水口として接続するもので、閉水路断面の落水ボックス管２４であることを特徴とする。 Further, the drainage system for the abutment and the bridge seat surface of the pier of the present invention is connected to the U-shaped drainage tray or the collecting portion of rainwater collected from the induction liner as a waterfall port, and the water falls in the cross section of the closed channel. It is a box tube 24.

また、本発明の橋台、橋脚の橋座面の排水システムは、伸縮装置の下部の橋座面に敷設した前記U字型排水トレイの上部に、落水、漏水を前記U字型排水トレイに導く傾斜プレート２５を設けたことを特徴とする。 Further, the drainage system for the abutment and the bridge seat surface of the bridge pier of the present invention guides waterfall and water leakage to the U-shaped drainage tray on the upper part of the U-shaped drainage tray laid on the bridge seat surface below the telescopic device. It is characterized in that the inclined plate 25 is provided.

また、本発明の橋台、橋脚の橋座面の排水システムに使用するＵ字型排水トレイ、誘導ライナー、落水ボックス管または傾斜プレートは、前記橋台、橋脚の橋座面の排水システムを構成する部材であって、部材端部に隣接部材間を線材で連結する穴明き２６の部材であることを特徴とする。 Further, the U-shaped drainage tray, the guide liner, the falling box pipe or the inclined plate used for the drainage system of the abutment and the pier surface of the present invention are members constituting the drainage system of the abutment and the pier surface. It is a member of the perforated 26 that connects adjacent members to the end of the member with a wire rod.

橋台、橋脚上部の伸縮装置の落水、漏水に起因する塗装桁、支承の腐食により、橋梁の寿命を縮めている。特に５０年以上を経過した老朽化橋梁では、致命的となり落橋、通行止めが想定される。橋座面は水平で雨水が溜まりやすい。このため、延命化対策として橋座面に排水を促す排水溝を設置することが考えられるが、コンクリート構造物に溝の掘り込みを入れるので、既設橋梁では構造物が痛み、新設構造物では鉄筋位置が下がるので設計上不経済なため取り組みが進んでない。本発明の排水システムは、構造物を傷める溝の掘り込みを入れないで、橋台、橋脚の橋座面に簡単に敷設、系統的に排水できるので、橋座面の万年の湿潤状態が解消され、橋梁の延命対策が一挙にはかどる。集水口に流れをまとめることができ、橋台、橋脚表面の汚れ、シミもなくなり美観に資するものである。このことで、延命化対策で排水溝を設けることと同等以上の効果が見込まれる。U字型排水トレイなどの部材はプラスチックなら軽くて設置も簡単である。既設橋梁では義務づけられた５年に1度の定期点検時に合わせて簡単な本排水システムを施工すれば、５年で日本中の腐食で悩む全線を延命対策できる。当然、新設橋梁でも溝による断面欠損による煩わしい構造設計が必要でなく現場対応で簡単に施工でき、将来の老朽化を促進する腐食要因が解消される。簡単明瞭、最小費用で延命化を図ることができる。維持管理はそうありたいところだ。日本全体で橋の延命できれば、漸増する落橋の危惧、社会的不安や、線でつながった道路の寸断がなく、通行止めによる社会的損失を未然に防ぐことができ、膨大化するであろう維持管理費も軽減される。現存する橋梁を長く使うということは新設費がかからないということであり、マイナスを減じるということも逆の意味での経済的効果は計り知れないほど大きい。橋梁の予防保全、延命は国土強靭化に大いに資するといえる。 The life of the bridge is shortened due to the fall of water in the abutment and the expansion and contraction device at the top of the pier, the paint girder caused by water leakage, and the corrosion of the bearings. Especially for aging bridges that are more than 50 years old, it is expected to be fatal and collapsed or closed. The bridge seat surface is horizontal and rainwater tends to collect. For this reason, it is conceivable to install a drainage ditch on the seat surface of the bridge as a measure to prolong the life of the bridge. Since the position is lowered, it is uneconomical in design and the efforts are not progressing. The drainage system of the present invention can be easily laid on the abutment or pier surface of the bridge and drained systematically without digging a groove that damages the structure, so that the perennial wet state of the surface of the bridge is eliminated. Then, measures to prolong the life of the bridge can be taken at once. The flow can be summarized at the water collection port, and dirt and stains on the abutment and pier surface are eliminated, which contributes to the aesthetic appearance. This is expected to be as effective as or better than providing a drainage ditch as a measure to prolong life. Parts such as U-shaped drain trays are light and easy to install if they are made of plastic. For existing bridges, if a simple drainage system is installed at the time of the mandatory periodic inspection once every five years, it will be possible to prolong the life of all lines suffering from corrosion throughout Japan in five years. Naturally, even with a new bridge, there is no need for troublesome structural design due to cross-sectional defects due to grooves, and it can be easily constructed on-site, eliminating the corrosion factors that accelerate future aging. It is easy and clear, and the life can be extended at the minimum cost. Maintenance is what I want to be. If the life of bridges can be extended in Japan as a whole, there will be no fear of collapse, social unrest, or disruption of roads connected by lines, and social loss due to road closures can be prevented, and maintenance will be enormous. The cost is also reduced. Using an existing bridge for a long time means that there is no new construction cost, and reducing the negatives also has an immeasurable economic effect in the opposite sense. It can be said that preventive maintenance and life extension of bridges greatly contribute to national resilience.

T型橋脚上の桁端部斜視図、破線は銀杏型橋脚A perspective view of the girder end on the T-shaped pier, the broken line is the Ginkgo-shaped pier 伸縮装置の下部の橋座面のU字型排水トレイの説明断面図Explanatory cross-sectional view of the U-shaped drainage tray on the bridge seat surface at the bottom of the telescopic device 雨垂れ線の内側、桁の下フランジの下にU字型排水トレイを敷設した梁先端部の説明側面図Explanatory side view of the beam tip where a U-shaped drainage tray is laid inside the raindrop line and under the lower flange of the girder. 縦スリット溝のある景観橋脚の橋座面の排水システム説明平面図Landscape with vertical slit groove Drainage system explanation plan view of the bridge seat surface of the pier 一般的橋脚の橋座面の誘導ライナーと集水口位置の異なる排水システム説明平面図Explanatory plan view of the drainage system with different guide liner and water collection port positions on the bridge seat surface of general piers 方形の落水ボックス管を円形の排水管に合流した２股ソケット排水管Two-pronged socket drainage pipe that joins a square waterfall box pipe into a circular drainage pipe 部材の両端部に穴明けしたブロック部材を線材で連結した例An example of connecting block members with holes at both ends of the member with wires.

伸縮装置からの漏水の位置は真下であるので確定できるが、水平で流れの悪い橋座面からの排水は、橋脚梁、橋座面からどう落水させるか、接続先をどうするか頭を悩ます。景観設計の橋脚では梁先端部１２に縦溝、縦スリットを設ける場合が多いので、まずはその縦スリットを利用して流下させるとよい。流量も少なく、かつ縦スリットで隠れるので直接流下でよいと考える。ただし、銀杏型橋脚３１では、流下途中の梁下面で垂れ、方向性なく落下するので簡単でない。そこで、縦スリットに取り入れている路面からの排水管に２股ソケット排水管２１として合流することで流下途中の落水を処理できる。一般の橋脚では、梁側面部に落とすが、橋座面から無秩序に垂れ落ちることは側表面にシミとなり好ましくない。かつ、滞水を少なくするためには橋座面の表面水を早く排水する必要がある。そこで、橋座面の随所に配置する誘導ライナーで、橋座面の水の流れの方向を導き、量をまとめることで早く集水することができ、橋脚下への落水の影響の少ない位置の集水口からに路下に落水する。
ただし、梁先端部は、屋根の床版がなく露出しているので雨水が常に当たり、雨水量は多い。そこで先端部には橋軸直角方向に、誘導ライナーでもよいが誘導ライナーとしての役割も持つU字型排水トレイを敷設するとおおむねの雨量はまとめて早く流下できる。また、桁の奥側、梁奥側の橋座面への大量の雨水の侵入を阻止できる。ただし、梁先端部はもともと風雨に曝される個所であり、自然に路下に流れているので、桁や支承の腐食に影響しないその雨量まで受け持つ必要がない。図３に示す床版の張り出し部の雨垂れ線より梁奥側にU字型排水トレイを設置することで、雨水をとらえ奥側への吹込み侵入を効率よく阻止し、流下させることが期待できる。もちろん、伸縮装置の下部の橋座面に敷設したU字型排水トレイからの橋軸直角方向の流れを、直角の橋軸方向に流れを旋回、継続して、橋脚梁側面の集水口から落水することも有効である。縦スリットのある橋脚では、伸縮装置の下部の橋座面のU字型排水トレイに逆方向に合流し、流下することもできる。この場合は、梁側面側の集水口は特に必要でないので、図４に示すU字型排水トレイの端末部にストッパー３４を立ち上げ片端を閉じる。 The position of the leak from the telescopic device can be determined because it is directly below, but the drainage from the horizontal and poorly flowing bridge seat surface makes a headache as to how to drop the water from the bridge pier and the bridge seat surface, and what to do with the connection destination. Since vertical grooves and vertical slits are often provided at the beam tip 12 in landscape-designed piers, it is advisable to first use the vertical slits to allow the beam to flow down. Since the flow rate is small and it is hidden by the vertical slit, it is considered that it can flow directly. However, the ginkgo-shaped pier 31 is not easy because it hangs down on the lower surface of the beam in the middle of the flow and falls in no direction. Therefore, by joining the drainage pipe from the road surface incorporated in the vertical slit as the bifurcated socket drainage pipe 21, it is possible to treat the water falling in the middle of the flow. In general piers, it is dropped on the side surface of the beam, but it is not preferable to hang down randomly from the seat surface of the bridge because it causes stains on the side surface. Moreover, in order to reduce the amount of water retention, it is necessary to quickly drain the surface water on the bridge seat surface. Therefore, guide liners placed everywhere on the bridge seat surface guide the direction of the water flow on the bridge seat surface, and by collecting the amount, water can be collected quickly, and the position where the influence of water falling under the pier is small. Water falls down the road from the water collection port.
However, since the tip of the beam is exposed without a roof deck, it is always exposed to rainwater and the amount of rainwater is large. Therefore, if a U-shaped drainage tray, which may be an induction liner but also serves as an induction liner, is laid at the tip in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, the amount of rainfall can be reduced in a lump sum. In addition, it is possible to prevent a large amount of rainwater from entering the bridge seat surface on the back side of the girder and the back side of the beam. However, since the tip of the beam is originally exposed to wind and rain and naturally flows under the road, it is not necessary to handle the amount of rainfall that does not affect the corrosion of girders and bearings. By installing a U-shaped drainage tray on the back side of the beam from the raindrop line of the overhanging part of the floor slab shown in FIG. .. Of course, the flow in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis from the U-shaped drainage tray laid on the bridge seat surface at the bottom of the telescopic device swirls in the direction of the right-angled bridge axis, and continues to fall from the water collection port on the side of the pier. It is also effective to do. For piers with vertical slits, it is possible to join the U-shaped drainage tray on the bridge seat surface at the bottom of the telescopic device in the opposite direction and flow down. In this case, since the water collecting port on the side surface of the beam is not particularly required, the stopper 34 is set up at the terminal portion of the U-shaped drainage tray shown in FIG. 4 and one end is closed.

U字型排水トレイの断面形状は、両側縁を立ち上げたU字型の皿状のトレイで、断面の幅は標準２０ｃｍ程度、高さは３～１０ｃｍ程度、部材厚みは１ｃｍ程度が適当である。長さは１ｍ、２ｍまたは３ｍ単位のブロック部材とすれば、製作上も、狭い桁端部間の作業性も支障が少ない。ただし、これらは目安であり、実績を重ねると考え方も変化し、寸法も変更されるものといえる。幅も１０ｃｍものなら並列すれば２０ｃｍ、３０ｃｍと作り出すことができ、あらかじめ現地に行かなくても、狭い空間や支承のモルタル台座で桁端部相互間の空間幅が狭い場合の現場対応も容易である。トレイ幅２０ｃｍが橋軸直角方向で直線的に確保できない場合は、臨機に支承のモルタル台座の周りに回避する。部分的に幅を確保できてなくてもよい。立ち上がりの縁が５ｃｍ程度確保できていれば折れ線状に継ぎ合わせでよい。いずれ泥土の堆積であふれ出るのだからと割り切ればよい。高さも実績を重ねると低いもので十分という判断もありうる。
橋座面への敷設は接着剤となる。各ブロック部材は接着剤で接合すると簡単。材質はプラスチック製が軽くて望ましいがモルタル製でも可能である。橋脚の梁の長さを１０ｍとすると、５個をつなぎ合わすだけである。モルタル敷きでは付着がはがれ、軽いプラスチック製は風で飛散し、橋台、橋脚下に落下の恐れがある。アンカーボルトによる固定も考えられる。当初は溝を掘る排水溝の設計上の代わりという解釈から、排水量を確保する高さ１０ｃｍ程度となるのもやむを得ない。しかし、実際には排水量の断面積は必要でなく、実績を重ねると、泥水を受け止め堆積するだけ、支承方向の桁下にまき散らさないこと、盛り上げるだけで十分な効果があると分かるので、地域ごとや、路線ごとの試験施工箇所の２、３年後の判定から、いずれ高さは５ｃｍ程度以下で十分であると次第に理解されると期待する。雨水はU字型排水トレイの先端から樋のようにすべて流すという固い考え方でなく、立ち上げの縁の横からあふれ出ても許容するという考えである。排水トレイの縁の高さが低い方が、狭い桁端部の空間の保守点検の邪魔にならない。湿潤環境にある橋台、橋脚上の風通しの確保の観点からも排水トレイの縁は低いほうが有効と判断できる。排水トレイの皿状の底部に、薄板、テフロンシートを敷いておけば、５年後の点検時に板、シートをはがし、蓄積した泥土の塊を簡単に取り除くことができ、新しい板、シートに取り替えることができる。例えば鳥小屋の糞の始末にシートを敷くようなものである。シートの上に、網、メッシュをのせておくとより取り除きやすい。これらも軽いため風で飛ばないよう長さ方向に個々に連結する、重石など落下対策が必要である。全体として、接着が切れて排水トレイの道路下への落下、飛散で第三者事故があってはならないので、U字型排水トレイの両端に穴を設けた部材とし、相互間をステンレスチェーン、ロープなどの線材で結ぶ。 The cross-sectional shape of the U-shaped drainage tray is a U-shaped dish-shaped tray with both edges raised, and the width of the cross section is about 20 cm, the height is about 3 to 10 cm, and the member thickness is about 1 cm. be. If the block member has a length of 1 m, 2 m, or 3 m, there is little hindrance in manufacturing and workability between narrow girder ends. However, these are guidelines, and it can be said that the way of thinking changes and the dimensions change as the results are accumulated. If the width is 10 cm, it can be created in parallel to 20 cm or 30 cm, and it is easy to deal with the site when the space width between the girder ends is narrow due to a narrow space or a bearing mortar pedestal without going to the site in advance. be. If the tray width of 20 cm cannot be secured linearly in the direction perpendicular to the bridge axis, avoid it around the bearing mortar pedestal. It is not necessary to partially secure the width. If the rising edge can be secured by about 5 cm, it may be spliced in a polygonal line. It should be divisible because it will eventually overflow due to the accumulation of mud. It may be judged that a low height is sufficient if the results are accumulated.
The laying on the bridge seat surface is an adhesive. It is easy to join each block member with an adhesive. The material is preferably plastic because it is light, but mortar is also possible. Assuming that the length of the beam of the pier is 10 m, only 5 pieces are connected. If the mortar is laid, the adhesion will come off, and if it is made of light plastic, it will be scattered by the wind and may fall under the abutment or pier. Fixing with anchor bolts is also conceivable. Initially, it is unavoidable that the height will be about 10 cm to secure the amount of drainage from the interpretation that it is a substitute for the design of the drainage ditch for digging a ditch. However, in reality, the cross-sectional area of the amount of drainage is not necessary, and if we accumulate results, we can see that it is sufficient to receive and accumulate muddy water, not to disperse it under the girder in the bearing direction, and to raise it. It is expected that it will be gradually understood that a height of about 5 cm or less will be sufficient in the future from the judgment of the test construction site for each line and each line after a few years. The idea is not to let rainwater flow from the tip of the U-shaped drainage tray like a gutter, but to allow it to overflow from the side of the start-up edge. The lower the height of the edge of the drain tray, the less it interferes with the maintenance and inspection of the space at the narrow girder end. From the viewpoint of ensuring ventilation on abutments and piers in a moist environment, it can be judged that the lower the edge of the drainage tray is, the more effective it is. If a thin plate or Teflon sheet is laid on the dish-shaped bottom of the drain tray, the plate or sheet can be peeled off at the time of inspection after 5 years, and the accumulated mud lumps can be easily removed and replaced with a new plate or sheet. be able to. For example, it's like laying a sheet on the dung in a aviary. It is easier to remove if you put a net or mesh on the sheet. Since these are also light, it is necessary to take measures against falling such as heavy stones, which are individually connected in the length direction so that they will not be blown by the wind. As a whole, since the adhesive should not be broken and the drainage tray should not be dropped or scattered under the road, a third party accident should not occur. Tie with a wire such as a rope.

橋座面の集水口、路下への落水口の位置の選定から、そこに導く排水トレイ、誘導ライナーを選択する。直接の雨量や吹き込み雨量の多い梁先端部では、雨の吹き込みを阻止し、排水を促すU字型排水トレイ１８とし、吹き込みの少ない梁中央部へ向かっては、誘導ライナー２２とする組み合わせが有効である。高さは３～５ｃｍ程度で十分である。桁の横方向からは雨水が吹き込んでくるが、雨の多くは面積のある橋梁の側壁、橋桁の壁に当たって遮断される。ただしその雨量は、床版の雨垂れ線３０や桁の下フランジ２９からそのまま橋座面に落下するので無視できないほど多い。また、桁底面と橋座面との隙間の高さは支承高さ程度と低いため、雨水のほとんどの桁奥への吹込み侵入が梁先端から１ｍ～２ｍ程度で止まる。それより奥は比較的乾燥し、埃、塵が積もっている。したがって、まずは梁先端部の雨垂れ線３０の内側、下フランジ２９の下の位置を考慮してU字型排水トレイを橋軸方向に設置すれば多量の雨量を受け、橋座面での跳ねかえりもなく排水できる。また梁先端部から１ｍと２ｍの位置に誘導ライナー２２を設置すれば、それ以上奥への雨水の侵入がおおむね阻止できるとともに、流れを集水方向、集水口に早く誘導することができる。橋座面上の雨水の早く効率的な排除は、橋座面の湿潤状態の回避、乾燥に有効となる。橋脚からの最終的な落下の堰となる誘導ライナーを橋座面の縁の全周に設けると、雨水の無秩序な落下からくる橋脚側面の全体的な汚れ、垂れシミの防止、美観にも役立つ。ただし、全周に設けることは実質的に中央が乾燥している長い梁の橋脚では適当といえず、また不経済である。 From the selection of the location of the water collection port on the bridge seat surface and the water drop port under the road, select the drainage tray and guide liner that lead to it. A combination of a U-shaped drainage tray 18 that blocks rain from blowing in and promotes drainage at the tip of the beam with a large amount of direct rainfall or a large amount of rainfall, and an induction liner 22 toward the center of the beam with a small amount of rainfall is effective. Is. A height of about 3 to 5 cm is sufficient. Rainwater blows in from the side of the girder, but most of the rain hits the side wall of the bridge and the wall of the bridge girder, and is blocked. However, the amount of rainfall is so large that it cannot be ignored because it falls directly from the raindrop line 30 of the deck and the lower flange 29 of the girder to the bridge seat surface. In addition, since the height of the gap between the bottom of the girder and the seating surface of the bridge is as low as the bearing height, most of the rainwater blows into the back of the girder and stops at about 1 m to 2 m from the tip of the beam. The interior is relatively dry and dusty and dusty. Therefore, if a U-shaped drainage tray is installed in the direction of the bridge axis in consideration of the position inside the raindrop line 30 at the tip of the beam and under the lower flange 29, a large amount of rainfall will be received and the bridge will bounce off the seat surface. It can be drained without any problems. Further, if the guide liner 22 is installed at positions 1 m and 2 m from the tip of the beam, the intrusion of rainwater further into the depth can be generally prevented, and the flow can be quickly guided to the water collection direction and the water collection port. The quick and efficient removal of rainwater on the bridge seat surface is effective in avoiding the wet state of the bridge seat surface and drying it. Inducing a liner that will be the final weir for the fall from the pier will help prevent overall dirt, dripping stains, and aesthetics on the side of the pier due to the unregulated fall of rainwater. .. However, it is not appropriate and uneconomical to install it all around the pier of a long beam whose center is practically dry.

図４に示す縦スリットのある景観設計の橋脚は、梁先端部１２に縦スリット１９の溝を設けているので、ここにU字型排水トレイの先端を接続すれば、直接的に排水処理ができる。多少の黒汁がつくとしてもその溝のスリットの中で目立たず、影と融合したラインのある景観として演出する。一石二鳥である。ただし、銀杏型の景観橋脚３１では、流下の途中の梁下面の斜め部で落水するので、多くは排水管を設けている。したがって、縦スリットに設けられた円形の排水管に、方形の閉水路断面の落水ボックス管を接続する２股ソケット型排水管２１として連結する。すでに供用中で排水管がある場合は部分的に２股ソケット管に取り換える。
縦スリットのない図５に示す一般の橋脚では、梁側面の集水口に閉水路断面の図２に示す落水ボックス管２４を垂直に接続する。ボックス型とする理由は、開放断面では落水時の飛散で、汚れが広がり醜くなる危惧があることである。落水ボックス管の接続位置は自在であるが、梁先端の側面部１３、梁先端から３ｍ程度内側部１４、梁の張り出しの柱根元部１５、柱中央部３２となり、落水口３３は、路下交通、通行人の影響を考慮した位置とする。路下に自動車交通がある場合は、梁の反対側に設けると目立たない。梁先端から３ｍ程度内側部までU字型排水トレイ１８を梁端部沿いに直角に延長することも有効策の一つである。橋脚付属の柱部排水管との輻輳を避けるため、排水管と橋脚側面３２との隙間、空間を有効利用すること、さらには図６に示す２股ソケット管に取り換えることも考える。橋脚の垂直側面とは接着剤で接着すると剥離に不安があるため、通常の排水管と同じく排水管取付けπ型バンドで拘束し、コンクリート面とはアンカー固定とすることが望ましい。図２に示す落水ボックス管２４はU字型排水トレイの寸法に合わせて接着するか、嵌合する場合は厚み相当の２ｃｍを加えた２２ｃｍ幅とし、ボックス高さは1ｃｍを加えて１１ｃｍ程度以上とし、集水口２３は越流防止のため３辺を１０ｃｍ程度以上立ち上げ、もしくは１辺をカットしたものとし、落水口３３は橋脚梁の下面より１５ｃｍほど長くし、先端をR＝５ｃｍで丸め、垂れ流しの垂直落下とする。 The landscape-designed pier with vertical slits shown in FIG. 4 has a groove of vertical slits 19 at the beam tip portion 12, so if the tip of a U-shaped drainage tray is connected here, drainage treatment can be performed directly. can. Even if some black juice is attached, it will not be noticeable in the slits of the groove, and it will be produced as a landscape with lines fused with shadows. Two birds with one stone. However, in the ginkgo-shaped landscape pier 31, water falls at the diagonal portion of the lower surface of the beam in the middle of the flow, so most of them are provided with drainage pipes. Therefore, it is connected to the circular drainage pipe provided in the vertical slit as a bifurcated socket type drainage pipe 21 for connecting a waterfall box pipe having a square closed waterway cross section. If it is already in service and there is a drainage pipe, partially replace it with a bifurcated socket pipe.
In the general pier shown in FIG. 5 without a vertical slit, the waterfall box pipe 24 shown in FIG. 2 in the cross section of the closed channel is vertically connected to the water collecting port on the side surface of the beam. The reason for using the box type is that there is a risk that dirt will spread and become ugly due to scattering when the water falls on the open cross section. The connection position of the waterfall box pipe can be freely set, but the side surface of the beam tip 13, the inner part 14 about 3 m from the beam tip, the pillar root part 15 overhanging the beam, and the pillar center part 32, and the waterfall port 33 is under the road. The location should take into consideration the effects of traffic and passersby. If there is car traffic under the road, it will not be noticeable if it is installed on the opposite side of the beam. It is also one of the effective measures to extend the U-shaped drainage tray 18 at a right angle along the beam end from the beam tip to the inner part by about 3 m. In order to avoid congestion with the pillar drainage pipe attached to the pier, it is considered to effectively utilize the gap and space between the drainage pipe and the side surface 32 of the pier, and to replace it with the bifurcated socket pipe shown in FIG. If it is adhered to the vertical side of the pier with an adhesive, there is concern about peeling, so it is desirable to restrain it with a drainage pipe mounting π-shaped band like a normal drainage pipe and fix it with an anchor to the concrete surface. The waterfall box pipe 24 shown in FIG. 2 is adhered according to the dimensions of the U-shaped drainage tray, or when fitted, it has a width of 22 cm including 2 cm equivalent to the thickness, and the box height is about 11 cm or more including 1 cm. As for the water collecting port 23, three sides should be raised by about 10 cm or more or one side should be cut to prevent overflow, and the water falling port 33 should be about 15 cm longer than the lower surface of the pier beam and the tip should be rounded at R = 5 cm. , The vertical drop of the drainage.

伸縮装置からの落水、漏水は、必ずしも下部の橋座面のU字型排水トレイの幅２０ｃｍ以内に収まる訳でない。風があると飛び散りながら、拡散しながら落下すると考えられるので、対面の桁端間に、なるべく広い範囲で落水を受け止める装置があれば、桁端や支承部の腐食防止に役立つ。橋座面の排水トレイの上部の桁端相互間に、斜めの図２に示す傾斜プレート２５を設けることで、落水を多く受け止め、効果的に排水トレイに導くことができる。傾斜プレートの支持方法は、排水トレイと一体的に成形する方法、排水トレイの両縁に固定する方法、支持部を挟み込む方法、プレートの下の支持脚を排水トレイと並行、あるいは直角方向とし橋座面上に支持脚を設ける方法がある。ただし、傾斜プレートを設けると狭い橋脚橋座部が煩雑となり作業空間も狭くなること、風通しも悪くなることを考えて、利点が少なければ選択しないで、支障となる支承のモルタル台座部２８の上部のみに設け、U字型排水トレイの幅を部分的に狭め、他の桁間は排水トレイの幅を広げ、折れ線となるU字型排水トレイとし対処する。 Water falling and leaking from the telescopic device do not always fit within the width of the U-shaped drainage tray on the lower bridge seat surface within 20 cm. It is thought that if there is a wind, it will scatter and diffuse while falling, so if there is a device that catches the falling water in as wide a range as possible between the facing girder ends, it will help prevent corrosion of the girder ends and bearings. By providing the inclined plates 25 shown in FIG. 2 diagonally between the girder ends of the upper part of the drainage tray on the bridge seat surface, it is possible to catch a large amount of falling water and effectively guide it to the drainage tray. The method of supporting the inclined plate is to form it integrally with the drainage tray, fix it to both edges of the drainage tray, sandwich the support part, and make the support legs under the plate parallel to or perpendicular to the drainage tray. There is a method of providing a support leg on the seat surface. However, considering that if an inclined plate is provided, the narrow pier bridge seat will be complicated, the work space will be narrow, and the ventilation will be poor, if there is little advantage, do not select it, and the upper part of the bearing mortar pedestal 28 that will be an obstacle. The width of the U-shaped drainage tray will be partially narrowed, and the width of the drainage tray will be widened between the other girders to make it a U-shaped drainage tray that will be a broken line.

これら排水システムを構成する部材は、おおむねプラスチック製であるので、軽く、狭い空間での作業性から部材長も短く、かつ接着剤の効果年数も不定であり、風等で路下に落下、飛散することを想定し、端部に穴２６をあけた部材とし、各部材間はロープ、ワイヤーなどの線材２７で連結しておくことが第三者事故を防ぐために重要である。 Since the members that make up these drainage systems are mostly made of plastic, they are light, the length of the members is short due to workability in a narrow space, and the effective years of the adhesive are indefinite. It is important to use a member with a hole 26 at the end and connect each member with a wire rod 27 such as a rope or a wire in order to prevent a third party accident.

１ 橋梁、桁
２ 橋台、橋脚
３ 路面
４ 側壁
５ 床版
６ 伸縮装置
７ 桁端部
８ 支承
９ 橋座面
１０ 橋脚の梁部
１１ 橋脚の柱部
１２ 梁先端部
１３ 梁先端の側面部
１４ 梁の途中の側面部
１５ 梁の柱付け根の側面部
１６ 橋座面の説明上の排水溝
１７ 橋座面の説明上の排水勾配
１８ U字型排水トレイ
１９ 縦スリット
２０ 上の路面からの排水管
２１ 方形と円形の２股ソケット型排水管
２２ 誘導ライナー
２３ 集水口
２４ 落水ボックス管
２５ 傾斜プレート
２６ 排水トレイ等の部材両端に設けた連結用の穴
２７ 排水トレイ等を結ぶステンレスワイヤー、ロープなど線材
２８ 支承のモルタル台座
２９ 桁の下フランジ
３０ 雨垂れ線
３１ 銀杏型橋脚
３２ 柱中央の側面部
３３ 落水口
３４ U字型排水トレイの端部の立ち上げ壁、ストッパー 1 Bridge, girder 2 Bridge, pier 3 Road surface 4 Side wall 5 Floor slab 6 Telescopic device 7 Girder end 8 Support 9 Bridge seat surface 10 Bridge pier beam 11 Bridge pier pillar 12 Beam tip 13 Beam tip side surface 14 Beam Side part in the middle 15 Side part of the base of the beam pillar 16 Drainage groove on the explanation of the bridge seat surface 17 Drainage gradient on the explanation of the bridge seat surface 18 U-shaped drain tray 19 Drainage pipe from the road surface on the vertical slit 20 21 Square and circular bifurcated socket type drainage pipe 22 Induction liner 23 Water collection port 24 Water drop box pipe
25 Inclined plate 26 Connection holes provided at both ends of members such as drainage trays 27 Wires such as stainless wires and ropes connecting drainage trays 28 Supporting mortar pedestals
29 Girder lower flange 30 Raindrop line 31 Ginkgo-shaped pier 32 Side part at the center of the pillar 33 Water drop port 34 Rising wall at the end of U-shaped drainage tray, stopper

Claims (5)

橋台、橋脚の橋座面に設置する排水システムであって、伸縮装置の下部の橋座面、並びに橋座面の梁先端部に、断面形状が両側端を立ち上げたU字型の皿状のトレイで、断面の幅は２０ｃｍ程度、高さは３～１０ｃｍ程度、部材厚みは１ｃｍ程度とし、長さは１ｍ、２ｍまたは３ｍ単位のブロック部材としたU字型排水トレイ１８を橋座面に接着剤またはアンカーボルトで敷設したことを特徴とする橋台、橋脚の橋座面の排水システム。 A drainage system installed on the bridge seat surface of a bridge pier and pier. A U-shaped drain tray 18 with a cross-sectional width of about 20 cm, a height of about 3 to 10 cm, a member thickness of about 1 cm, and a block member with a length of 1 m, 2 m, or 3 m is used as a bridge seat surface. A drainage system for the bridge seat surface of bridge piers and piers, which is characterized by being laid with adhesive or anchor bolts. 請求項１に記載の前記橋台、橋脚の橋座面において、雨水の流れを集水方向に早く導く三角形、台形、逆T字型、またはL字型の高さが３～５ｃｍ程度の誘導ライナー２２を敷設したことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の橋台、橋脚の橋座面の排水システム。 A triangular, trapezoidal, inverted T-shaped, or L-shaped induction liner with a height of about 3 to 5 cm that quickly guides the flow of rainwater in the direction of water collection on the abutment and pier seating surface according to claim 1. The drainage system for the abutment and pier seat surface according to claim 1, wherein 22 is laid. 請求項１または請求項２のいずれかに記載の前記橋台、橋脚において、前記U字型排水トレイ、または前記誘導ライナーから集水した雨水の集約部に落水口として開水路から閉水路に垂直に接続するもので、落下時の飛沫拡散を防止できる閉水路の箱断面の落水ボックス管２４であることを特徴とする請求項１または請求項２のいずれかに記載の橋台、橋脚の橋座面の排水システム。 In the abutment or pier according to claim 1 or 2, the U-shaped drainage tray or the rainwater collecting portion collected from the induction liner serves as a waterfall port perpendicular to the open channel to the closed channel. The bridge pedestal and pier seating surface according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the waterfall box pipe 24 is connected and has a box cross section of a closed channel that can prevent splash diffusion at the time of falling. Drainage system. 請求項１から請求項３のいずれかに記載の前記橋台、橋脚において、伸縮装置の下部の橋座面に敷設した前記U字型排水トレイの上部に、風があると飛び散りながら、拡散しながら落下する落水、漏水を前記U字型排水トレイに導く傾斜プレート２５を設けたことを特徴とする請求項１から請求項３のいずれかに記載の橋台、橋脚の橋座面の排水システム。 In the abutment or pier according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the U-shaped drainage tray laid on the bridge seat surface at the bottom of the telescopic device is scattered and diffused when there is a wind. The drainage system for a bridge pier or a bridge seat surface of a pier according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an inclined plate 25 for guiding falling water or leakage to the U-shaped drainage tray is provided. 請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに記載の前記橋台、橋脚において、橋座面の排水システムを構成する部材であって、風等で路下に落下、飛散することを想定し、部材端部に隣接部材間を線材で連結する穴明き２６の部材であることを特徴とする請求項１から請求項４のいずれかに記載の橋台、橋脚の橋座面の排水システムに使用するU字型排水トレイ。
In the abutment or pier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, it is a member constituting the drainage system of the bridge seat surface, and it is assumed that the member falls and scatters under the road due to wind or the like, and the end of the member. U used for the drainage system of the bridge seat surface of the abutment or pier according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the member is a member having a hole 26 for connecting adjacent members to the portion with a wire rod. Character-shaped drain tray .

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