JP6948192B2 - Epiphytic substrate units for marine organisms and artificial marine structures - Google Patents

Epiphytic substrate units for marine organisms and artificial marine structures Download PDF

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JP6948192B2
JP6948192B2 JP2017172016A JP2017172016A JP6948192B2 JP 6948192 B2 JP6948192 B2 JP 6948192B2 JP 2017172016 A JP2017172016 A JP 2017172016A JP 2017172016 A JP2017172016 A JP 2017172016A JP 6948192 B2 JP6948192 B2 JP 6948192B2
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修太 熊本
修太 熊本
潔 北野
潔 北野
健太 須田
健太 須田
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岡部株式会社
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本発明は、自然状態で剥離が生じることなく、更新作業時に、交換作業や清掃作業なしに、一定の剥離操作によって、作業性良く新たな着生面に切り替えることが可能で、使用上の管理も容易化でき、また、簡単かつ低コストな構成を備えて、着生し生育する種々の海洋生物に使用することが可能な海洋生物用着生基質ユニット及び人工海洋構造物に関する。 According to the present invention, it is possible to switch to a new settlement surface with good workability by a certain peeling operation without replacement work or cleaning work at the time of renewal work without peeling in a natural state, and management of use. Also related to epiphytic substrate units and artificial marine structures for marine organisms that can be facilitated and that have a simple and low cost configuration and can be used for various epiphytic organisms that settle and grow.

稚貝や海藻の胞子等の海洋生物を着生して育成させる海洋生物用着生基質ユニットとしては、特許文献1〜3が知られている。特許文献1の「海草着生基板」は、魚礁ブロックの表面に海藻が着生しやすい板体を着脱自在に組み付けるもので、板状に造られた基板をプラスチックボルトナット等で礁体ブロック表面に取り外し取付自由に組み付けられた海藻着生基板であって、中心部に組付け用ボルトを通す孔を有し、板状体の表面を素焼き陶板のような多孔質に成型し、板状体の表面を粗としたものである。 Patent Documents 1 to 3 are known as epiphytic substrate units for marine organisms that grow and grow marine organisms such as juvenile mussels and spores of seaweed. The "seagrass epiphytic substrate" of Patent Document 1 is for detachably assembling a plate on the surface of a fish reef block where seaweed easily grows, and the plate-shaped substrate is attached to the surface of the reef block with plastic bolts and nuts. It is a seaweed epiphytic substrate that can be freely removed and attached to, and has a hole in the center for the assembly bolt to pass through. The surface of the surface is roughened.

特許文献2の「軟弱海底用電着藻魚礁」は、コンクリートブロックに固定され導電性材料で形成された載置台に導電性材料で金網状に形成された各種形状の陰極部材を載置し、かつ該陰極部材に近接して導電性材料で形成された陽極部材を設置するとともに、前記陰極部材の表面に硬質無機化合物と軟質無機化合物とを交互に多重積層させた電着層を形成するようにしている。 In Patent Document 2, "Electrodeposition algae fish reef for soft seabed", cathode members of various shapes formed in a wire mesh shape made of a conductive material are placed on a mounting table fixed to a concrete block and made of a conductive material. In addition, an anode member made of a conductive material is installed close to the cathode member, and an electrodeposition layer in which hard inorganic compounds and soft inorganic compounds are alternately laminated on the surface of the cathode member is formed. I have to.

特許文献3の「岩牡蠣の養殖床及びそれを用いた養殖方法」は、基台上に岩牡蠣を着床させる着床盤を保持させて成り、着床盤は、岩牡蠣の着床力よりも脆弱で、着床した岩牡蠣を剥脱する際に該着床盤の表面の一部が岩牡蠣と共に剥落する程度の強度を有する素材により形成され、具体的には、頁岩等の層間において剥離し易い薄葉層が積層された素材や、大谷石等の3次元的に脆い素材により形成されるようにしている。 Patent Document 3 "Implantation bed for rock oysters and a cultivation method using the same" is formed by holding a implantation board on which the rock oysters are to be implanted, and the implantation board is the implantation force of the rock oysters. It is made of a material that is more fragile and has enough strength to allow a part of the surface of the landing board to peel off together with the rock oysters when the landed rock oysters are peeled off. It is made of a material in which thin leaf layers that are easily peeled off are laminated, or a three-dimensionally brittle material such as Otani stone.

実開昭63−155366号公報Jikkai Sho 63-155366 実開昭61−191769号公報Jikkai Sho 61-191769 特開2007−37496号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2007-37496

特許文献1は、自然に着生し生育した海藻を収穫する目的で用いられる。しかしながら、海藻以外の目的外の他の海洋生物が着生し、海藻を収穫することが困難になってしまったような場合には、潜水作業者が潜って、魚礁ブロックから海藻着生基板を取り外し、その後、改めて新たな海藻着生基板を魚礁ブロックに取り付けなければならない。この交換作業には、多大な手間と時間がかかるという課題がある。 Patent Document 1 is used for the purpose of harvesting seaweed that naturally grows and grows. However, if other marine organisms other than seaweed have settled and it has become difficult to harvest seaweed, a submersible worker will dive and remove the seaweed settling substrate from the fish reef block. After removal, a new seaweed engraftment substrate must be reattached to the fish reef block. This replacement work has a problem that it takes a lot of time and effort.

なお、他の海洋生物が着生してしまった場合、交換作業を行うのではなく、海藻着生基板の表面に対し清掃作業を行うことも考えられるが、清掃作業に伴う水質環境の悪化が懸念されるため、作業活動が制限され、従って作業時間も長引くこととなって、清掃で対処することは望ましい方策とは言えなかった。 If other marine organisms have settled, it is possible to clean the surface of the seaweed-grown substrate instead of replacing it, but the water quality environment deteriorates due to the cleaning work. Due to concerns, work activities were restricted and therefore work hours were prolonged, so cleaning was not a desirable measure.

また、特許文献1は、海藻を対象としてその着生・育成を目的とするが、例えば岩牡蠣などのように、一旦収穫したら、その後で、着生個所を更新する必要がある海洋生物を対象とする場合には、特許文献1の技術では、結局、手間と時間のかかる交換作業を実施しなければならなかった。 Further, Patent Document 1 aims to settle and grow seaweeds, but for marine organisms such as rock oysters, which need to be renewed after harvesting once harvested. In that case, in the technique of Patent Document 1, in the end, it was necessary to carry out a laborious and time-consuming replacement work.

特許文献2では、電着作用により、海藻類胞子が着生する硬質電着層と、硬質電着層を剥がすための軟質電着層とを交互に多層に形成して、交換作業を要することなく、硬質電着層を更新するようにしている。しかしながら、電着層を生成するために、電源設備が必要で設備コストが嵩むと共に、その管理に手間と時間を要するという課題がある。 In Patent Document 2, a hard electrodeposition layer on which seaweed spores are formed and a soft electrodeposition layer for peeling off the hard electrodeposition layer are alternately formed in multiple layers by an electrodeposition action, and replacement work is required. Instead, the hard electrodeposition layer is renewed. However, in order to generate the electrodeposition layer, there is a problem that power supply equipment is required, the equipment cost is high, and it takes time and effort to manage the equipment.

また、特許文献2は、海藻類程度であれば、その着生や育成が可能な電着層を生成する技術であり、例えば岩牡蠣などの貝類を対象とした場合には、電着層でこれを保持することは難しく、波力や潮流等の外力によって、貝類が着生している硬質電着層が軟質電着層から、意図せずに自然に引き剥がされてしまうことが考えられる。 Further, Patent Document 2 is a technique for generating an electrodeposition layer capable of growing and growing seaweeds, and for example, when targeting shellfish such as rock oysters, the electrodeposition layer is used. It is difficult to maintain this, and it is conceivable that the hard electrodeposition layer on which shellfish are growing is unintentionally and naturally peeled off from the soft electrodeposition layer due to external forces such as wave power and tidal current. ..

特許文献3は、着生し生育した岩牡蠣を収穫する目的で用いられる。岩牡蠣以外の海洋生物が着生した場合、これを除去するには、特許文献1と同様であって、交換作業を行うか、清掃作業を行わなければならず、このため、多大な手間と時間がかかるという課題がある。 Patent Document 3 is used for the purpose of harvesting epiphytic and grown rock oysters. When marine organisms other than rock oysters have settled, in order to remove them, it is necessary to perform replacement work or cleaning work in the same manner as in Patent Document 1, which requires a great deal of time and effort. There is a problem that it takes time.

着床盤の素材は、着床盤の表面の一部が岩牡蠣と共に剥落する程度の強度を有するもので、着床盤全体として、岩牡蠣の着床力よりも脆弱であるため、例えば、収穫の度毎に壊れ方が相違し、岩牡蠣の着生の可否や、使用可能か否かの管理に手間がかかったり、また、複数の着床盤で、収穫に伴う剥落の態様が激しく剥落したものやその程度がさほどでないものなど、種々様々であって、それに伴い、耐用期間などに関し個々に異なる管理を要するなど、表面の一部が岩牡蠣と共に剥落する程度の強度の素材を有する着床盤であるために、海中に設置される当該着床盤の管理がきわめて煩雑であるという課題もある。 The material of the landing board is strong enough that a part of the surface of the landing board is peeled off together with the rock oysters, and the landing board as a whole is weaker than the landing force of the rock oysters. The way it breaks differs with each harvest, and it takes time to manage whether rock oysters can settle and whether they can be used. Also, with multiple implantation boards, the mode of peeling due to harvesting is severe. There are various types such as those that have peeled off and those that are not so much, and accordingly, it has a material that is strong enough to peel off with rock oysters, such as requiring different management regarding the service life etc. Since it is a landing board, there is also a problem that the management of the landing board installed in the sea is extremely complicated.

本発明は上記従来の課題に鑑みて創案されたものであって、自然状態で剥離が生じることなく、更新作業時に、交換作業や清掃作業なしに、一定の剥離操作によって、作業性良く新たな着生面に切り替えることが可能で、使用上の管理も容易化でき、また、簡単かつ低コストな構成を備えて、着生し生育する種々の海洋生物に使用することが可能な海洋生物用着生基質ユニット及び人工海洋構造物を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been devised in view of the above-mentioned conventional problems, and is new with good workability by a certain peeling operation without peeling in a natural state, without replacement work or cleaning work at the time of renewal work. For marine organisms that can be switched to the epiphytic surface, can be easily managed in use, and has a simple and low-cost configuration that can be used for various epiphytic and growing marine organisms. It is an object of the present invention to provide an epiphytic substrate unit and an artificial marine structure.

本発明にかかる海洋生物用着生基質ユニットは、稚貝や海藻の胞子等の海洋生物が着生可能な着生面を有する着生基質体を基板に設けた海洋生物用着生基質ユニットであって、上記着生基質体は、表裏面のいずれか一方が上記着生面となる複数枚の着生基質板を重ね合わせて、これら着生基質板同士の間に設けられる積層用結合剤層で一体的に結合して積層することにより形成され、上記着生基質体と上記基板とは、これらの間に設けられる取付用結合剤層により一体的に結合され、これら結合剤層内には、これら板の板面に沿って、結合剤による板同士の結合強度を調整するシート材が複数枚、所定の間隔を空けて、分散して配設され、該シート材は、これら結合剤層を、板同士の結合状態を保持することが可能な強度であると同時に、上記着生基質板を順次除去していく更新作業で破壊され、板同士の結合が解かれ剥離することが可能な強度に形成するように、該シート材がある部分は、当該シート材の無い部分に対して、これら板の板面に沿って板同士の結合強度に強弱があるように調整することを特徴とする。 The epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms according to the present invention is an epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms provided with an epiphytic substrate having an epiphytic surface on which marine organisms such as juveniles and spores of seaweed can grow. The above-mentioned epiphytic substrate is a laminating binder provided between these epiphytic substrate plates by superimposing a plurality of epiphytic substrate plates having one of the front and back surfaces as the epiphytic surface. It is formed by integrally bonding and laminating in layers, and the epiphytic substrate and the substrate are integrally bonded by an attachment binder layer provided between them, and are contained in these binder layers. Along the plate surface of these plates, a plurality of sheet materials for adjusting the bonding strength between the plates by the binder are arranged in a dispersed manner at predetermined intervals, and the sheet materials are arranged with these binders. The layer has a strength capable of maintaining the bonded state between the plates, and at the same time, it is destroyed by the renewal work of sequentially removing the epiphytic substrate plates, and the bonds between the plates can be broken and peeled off. The portion with the sheet material is characterized in that the portion without the sheet material is adjusted so that the bonding strength between the plates is strong or weak along the plate surface of the plates so as to be formed with a sufficient strength. And.

前記シート材は、繊維材料で形成されることを特徴とする。 The sheet material is characterized in that it is made of a fiber material.

前記シート材は、分解性を有する材料で形成されることを特徴とする。 The sheet material is characterized by being formed of a decomposable material.

前記着生基質体は、互いに重ね合わされる一方の前記着生基質板が他方の前記着生基質板よりも外方へはみ出すように積層されることを特徴とする。 The epiphytic substrate is characterized in that one of the epiphytic substrate plates that are overlapped with each other is laminated so as to protrude outward from the other epiphytic substrate plate.

本発明にかかる人工海洋構造物は、上記海洋生物用着生基質ユニットの前記基板に、設置個所に固定可能な固定部が設けられ、該固定部を介して上記海洋生物用着生基質ユニットが固定されていることを特徴とする。 In the artificial marine structure according to the present invention, a fixing portion that can be fixed at an installation location is provided on the substrate of the epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms, and the epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms is provided through the fixing portion. It is characterized by being fixed.

本発明にかかる海洋生物用着生基質ユニット及び人工海洋構造物にあっては、自然状態で剥離が生じることなく、更新作業時に、交換作業や清掃作業なしに、一定の剥離操作によって、作業性良く新たな着生面に切り替えることができ、使用上の管理も容易化でき、また、簡単かつ低コストな構成を備えて、着生し生育する種々の海洋生物に使用することができる。 In the epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms and the artificial marine structure according to the present invention, workability is achieved by a certain peeling operation without peeling in a natural state, without replacement work or cleaning work at the time of renewal work. It can be often switched to a new epiphytic surface, easy to manage in use, and has a simple and low-cost configuration, and can be used for various epiphytic organisms that grow and grow.

本発明にかかる海洋生物用着生基質ユニットの好適な一実施形態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows one preferable embodiment of the epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms which concerns on this invention. 図1に示した海洋生物用着生基質ユニットの平面図である。It is a top view of the epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms shown in FIG. 図1に示した海洋生物用着生基質ユニットの部分側面図である。It is a partial side view of the epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms shown in FIG. 図1に示した海洋生物用着生基質ユニットに適用される着生基質板の平面図である。It is a top view of the epiphytic substrate plate applied to the epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms shown in FIG. 図1に示した海洋生物用着生基質ユニットに適用される基板の平面図である。It is a top view of the substrate applied to the epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms shown in FIG. 図2中、A−A線矢視断面図である。In FIG. 2, it is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA. 本発明にかかる人工海洋構造物の好適な一実施形態を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows one preferable embodiment of the artificial marine structure which concerns on this invention. 本発明にかかる海洋生物用着生基質ユニットに適用される着生基質板の変形例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the modification of the epiphytic substrate plate applied to the epiphytic substrate unit for marine life which concerns on this invention. 本発明にかかる海洋生物用着生基質ユニットに適用される着生基質板の他の変形例を示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows the other modification of the epiphytic substrate plate applied to the epiphytic substrate unit for marine life which concerns on this invention. 本発明にかかる海洋生物用着生基質ユニットに適用されるシート材の変形例を示す平面図である。It is a top view which shows the modification of the sheet material applied to the epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms which concerns on this invention.

以下に、本発明にかかる海洋生物用着生基質ユニット及び人工海洋構造物の好適な実施形態を、添付図面を参照して詳細に説明する。本実施形態にかかる海洋生物用着生基質ユニット1は、図1〜図3に示すように、主に、岩牡蠣などの貝類の稚貝やホヤ類、イカ類の卵、海藻の胞子等の様々な海洋生物を着生させ育成するための着生基質体2と、この着生基質体2が取り付けられて、当該着生基質体2を海洋等の所定箇所に設置するための基板3とから構成される。着生基質体2は、追って詳述するように、複数枚の着生基質板4を積層することで形成される。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms and artificial marine structures according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the epiphytic substrate unit 1 for marine organisms according to the present embodiment is mainly composed of juvenile shellfish such as rock oysters, squirrels, eggs of squid, spores of seaweed and the like. An epiphytic substrate 2 for growing and growing various marine organisms, and a substrate 3 to which the epiphytic substrate 2 is attached and the epiphytic substrate 2 is placed at a predetermined place in the ocean or the like. Consists of. The epiphytic substrate 2 is formed by laminating a plurality of epiphytic substrate plates 4 as described in detail later.

以下の説明では便宜上、上下方向を積層方向として説明する。しかしながら、着生基質体2の製造や設置の向きにより、積層方向は、上下方向だけに限られるものではない。また、着生基質体2や着生基質板4、基板3の左右方向を幅方向、それらの前後方向を長さ方向と称して説明する。 In the following description, for convenience, the vertical direction will be described as the stacking direction. However, the stacking direction is not limited to the vertical direction depending on the direction of production and installation of the epiphytic substrate 2. Further, the left-right direction of the growth substrate 2, the growth substrate plate 4, and the substrate 3 will be referred to as a width direction, and the front-back direction thereof will be referred to as a length direction.

着生基質体2は、板面4aを向かい合わせる配列で順次上下方向に重ね合わされる複数枚の着生基質板4と、重ね合わせにより隣り合う着生基質板4同士それぞれの間に設けられ、これら着生基質板4の板面4a相互を結合する複数層の積層用結合剤層5とから構成され、積層用結合剤層5により複数枚の着生基質板4を一体的に結合することによって、当該着生基質板4が積層されて形成される。 The epiphytic substrate 2 is provided between a plurality of epiphytic substrate plates 4 which are sequentially stacked in the vertical direction in an arrangement in which the plate surfaces 4a face each other, and the epiphytic substrate plates 4 which are adjacent to each other by the superposition. It is composed of a plurality of layers of the binder layer 5 for laminating that binds the plate surfaces 4a of the epiphytic substrate plate 4 to each other, and the plurality of epiphytic substrate plates 4 are integrally bonded by the binder layer 5 for lamination. The epiphytic substrate plate 4 is laminated and formed.

図示例にあっては、各着生基質板4の平面外形輪郭は、長方形状に形成されている。しかしながら、着生基質板4の平面外形輪郭はその他、三角形状や四角形状、他の多角形状、楕円形状、円形状など、どのような形状であってもよい。 In the illustrated example, the outer contour of the plane of each epiphytic substrate plate 4 is formed in a rectangular shape. However, the planar outer contour of the epiphytic substrate plate 4 may have any other shape such as a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, another polygonal shape, an elliptical shape, and a circular shape.

着生基質板4は、FRPや天然樹脂材、合成樹脂材を素材として形成される。積層用結合剤層5と接する着生基質板4の板面4aは図4に示すように、積層用結合剤層5との結合性を向上するために、凹凸を有する粗面で形成される。これら着生基質板4は、幅寸法がすべて同一寸法で形成される一方、長さ寸法は、複数枚で順次に長いものから短いものまですべて異なる寸法で形成される。 The epiphytic substrate plate 4 is formed of FRP, a natural resin material, or a synthetic resin material. As shown in FIG. 4, the plate surface 4a of the epiphytic substrate plate 4 in contact with the laminate binder layer 5 is formed of a rough surface having irregularities in order to improve the bondability with the laminate binder layer 5. .. These epiphytic substrate plates 4 are all formed with the same width dimension, while the length dimension is formed in a plurality of plates sequentially from long to short ones.

複数枚の着生基質板4は、重ね合わされる際、それらの幅方向両端が揃えられる。他方、複数枚の着生基質板4は、長さ寸法が異なる長さ方向については、一端側で揃えられる一方、他端側では、隣り合って互いに重ね合わされる上下の着生基質板4相互で、下方に配置される長さ寸法の長い着生基質板4が、上方に配置される長さ寸法の短い着生基質板4よりも外方へはみ出すように積層される。 When the plurality of epiphytic substrate plates 4 are superposed, both ends in the width direction thereof are aligned. On the other hand, the plurality of growth substrate plates 4 are aligned on one end side in the length direction having different length dimensions, while on the other end side, the upper and lower growth substrate plates 4 are adjacent to each other and are overlapped with each other. The long-length growth substrate plate 4 arranged below is laminated so as to protrude outward from the short-length growth substrate plate 4 arranged above.

このはみ出しにより、積層方向頂部の着生基質板4を除き、それよりも下方の着生基質板4それぞれには、直上に重ねられる着生基質板4との間の各積層用結合剤層5へ連なる案内用棚部2aが形成される。長さ寸法の異なる複数枚の着生基質板4を、それらの長さ方向一端側で揃えて、長さの長いものから順次短いものへ積み上げて積層して形成される着生基質体2の外観は、長さ方向他端側に階段部2bを有するおおよそ直方体状に形成される。 Due to this protrusion, the epiphytic substrate plate 4 at the top in the stacking direction is removed, and each of the epiphytic substrate plates 4 below it is the binder layer 5 for lamination between the epiphytic substrate plate 4 and the epiphytic substrate plate 4 to be laminated directly above. A guide shelf portion 2a is formed. 2. The appearance is formed in a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape having a step portion 2b on the other end side in the length direction.

複数枚の着生基質板4を積層した構造の着生基質体2では、上方から下方へ向けて順次着生基質板4を除去していく更新作業が行われるもので、各着生基質板4は、その直上の着生基質板4が除去されると、その表裏(上下)の板面4aのうち、下面は積層用結合剤層5との結合が維持される一方で、上面は、海中等に曝露され海洋生物の着生が可能な着生面Bとなる。 In the epiphytic substrate 2 having a structure in which a plurality of epiphytic substrate plates 4 are laminated, renewal work is performed in which the epiphytic substrate plates 4 are sequentially removed from above to below, and each epiphytic substrate plate is renewed. In No. 4, when the epiphytic substrate plate 4 immediately above the epiphytic substrate plate 4 is removed, the lower surface of the front and back (upper and lower) plate surfaces 4a maintains the bond with the lamination binder layer 5, while the upper surface thereof is. It becomes an epiphytic surface B that is exposed to the sea and allows the epiphytes of marine organisms to settle.

初期状態では、着生基質体2の頂部に位置する着生基質板4の板面(上面)4aが着生面Bとなり、更新作業でこの頂部に位置していた着生基質板4が除去されると、その直下の着生基質板4が着生基質体2の頂部に位置することとなって、その板面(上面)4aが着生面Bとなる。 In the initial state, the plate surface (upper surface) 4a of the epiphytic substrate plate 4 located at the top of the epiphytic substrate 2 becomes the epiphytic surface B, and the epiphytic substrate plate 4 located at the top is removed by the renewal work. Then, the epiphytic substrate plate 4 immediately below the epiphytic substrate plate 4 is located at the top of the epiphytic substrate 2, and the plate surface (upper surface) 4a becomes the epiphytic surface B.

着生基質体2の下方には基板3が配置される。着生基質体2、具体的には着生基質体2底部の着生基質板4の板面4aと基板3の板面3aとはそれらの間に設けられる取付用結合剤層6により一体的に結合される。基板3も、着生基質板4と同様に、FRPや天然樹脂材、合成樹脂材を素材として形成される。 The substrate 3 is arranged below the epiphytic substrate 2. The epiphytic substrate 2, specifically, the plate surface 4a of the epiphytic substrate plate 4 at the bottom of the epiphytic substrate 2 and the plate surface 3a of the substrate 3 are integrated by the mounting binder layer 6 provided between them. Combined with. The substrate 3 is also formed of an FRP, a natural resin material, or a synthetic resin material as a material, similarly to the epiphytic substrate plate 4.

取付用結合剤層6と接する基板3の板面3aは図5に示すように、取付用結合剤層6との結合性を向上するために、凹凸を有する粗面で形成される。取付用結合剤層6と接する着生基質体2底部の着生基質板4の板面4aも、取付用結合剤層6との結合性を向上するために同様の粗面で形成される。基板3の平面外形寸法は、ほぼ直方体状の着生基質体4から外方へ突出する広がりを持つように、当該着生基質体4の平面外形輪郭よりも大きく形成される。 As shown in FIG. 5, the plate surface 3a of the substrate 3 in contact with the mounting binder layer 6 is formed of a rough surface having irregularities in order to improve the bondability with the mounting binder layer 6. The plate surface 4a of the epiphytic substrate plate 4 at the bottom of the epiphytic substrate 2 in contact with the attachment binder layer 6 is also formed with the same rough surface in order to improve the bondability with the attachment binder layer 6. The plane outer dimension of the substrate 3 is formed larger than the plane outer contour of the epiphytic substrate 4 so as to have a spread extending outward from the substantially rectangular parallelepiped epiphytic substrate 4.

図示例では、基板3の平面外形輪郭は長方形状に形成されている。しかしながら、基板3の平面外形輪郭もその他、三角形状や四角形状、他の多角形状、楕円形状、円形状など、どのような形状であってもよい。 In the illustrated example, the outer contour of the plane of the substrate 3 is formed in a rectangular shape. However, the outer contour of the plane of the substrate 3 may be any other shape such as a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, another polygonal shape, an elliptical shape, and a circular shape.

平面長方形状の基板3の幅寸法は、左右両端部が着生基質体2の両側から外方へ突出する寸法で形成され、これにより基板3の左右両端部には、後述するように海洋生物用着生基質ユニット1を設置箇所に固定可能な一対の固定部3bが形成される。各固定部3bには、固定部材7を挿入するための挿通孔3cが間隔を隔てて複数形成される。 The width dimension of the flat rectangular substrate 3 is formed so that both left and right ends of the substrate 3 project outward from both sides of the epiphytic substrate 2, whereby marine organisms are formed on the left and right ends of the substrate 3 as described later. A pair of fixing portions 3b that can fix the epiphytic substrate unit 1 to the installation location are formed. A plurality of insertion holes 3c for inserting the fixing member 7 are formed in each fixing portion 3b at intervals.

また、基板3の長さ寸法は、着生基質体2底部の着生基質板4の長さ寸法よりも長い寸法で形成される。そして、基板3は、着生基質体2に対し、当該着生基質体2の階段部2b側で着生基質体2よりも外方へはみ出し、反対側で着生基質体2と上下方向に揃うように配置されて、着生基質体2からはみ出した基板3の長さ方向端部の上方の板面3aが、直上に重ねられる着生基質体2底部の着生基質板4との間の取付用結合剤層6へ連なる案内面3dとして形成される。 Further, the length dimension of the substrate 3 is formed to be longer than the length dimension of the epiphytic substrate plate 4 at the bottom of the epiphytic substrate 2. Then, the substrate 3 protrudes outward from the epiphyte substrate 2 on the step portion 2b side of the epiphyte substrate 2 with respect to the epiphyte substrate 2, and vertically with the epiphyte substrate 2 on the opposite side. The plate surface 3a above the lengthwise end of the substrate 3 which is arranged so as to be aligned and protrudes from the epiphytic substrate 2 is between the epiphytic substrate plate 4 at the bottom of the epiphytic substrate 2 which is directly above. It is formed as a guide surface 3d connected to the mounting binder layer 6 of the above.

基板3は、更新作業により全ての着生基質板4が除去されたとき、すなわち、着生基質体2底部の着生基質板4が除去されたとき、その上方の板面3aが海中等に曝露され海洋生物の着生が可能な着生面Bとなる。 When all the epiphytic substrate plates 4 are removed by the renewal work, that is, when the epiphytic substrate plate 4 at the bottom of the epiphytic substrate 2 is removed, the plate surface 3a above the substrate 3 is in the sea or the like. It becomes the epiphytic surface B where the exposed marine organisms can settle.

積層用結合剤層5及び取付用結合剤層6は、波力や潮流等の外力に抗して板3,4同士の結合状態を保持することが可能な強度であると同時に、潜水作業者による作業具を用いた人的な作業によっては、これらが破壊されて板3,4同士の結合が解かれ、上側の板4を下側の板3,4から剥離することが可能な強度で形成される。 The stacking binder layer 5 and the mounting binder layer 6 have a strength capable of maintaining a bonded state between the plates 3 and 4 against external forces such as wave force and tidal current, and at the same time, a diving operator. By human work using the work tool by, these are broken and the bonds between the plates 3 and 4 are broken, and the upper plate 4 can be peeled off from the lower plates 3 and 4. It is formed.

潜水作業者による人的な作業は、案内用棚部2aや基板3の案内面3dが利用され、着生基質板4同士の隙間や基板3と着生基質体2底部の着生基質板4との隙間からマイナスドライバやスクレーパ等の先端が楔状に薄く尖った作業具が押し入れられ、これによりこれら結合剤層5,6の破壊がなされるようになっている。 For human work by the diving worker, the guide shelf 2a and the guide surface 3d of the substrate 3 are used, and the gap between the epiphytic substrate plates 4 and the epiphytic substrate plate 4 at the bottom of the epiphytic substrate 3 and the epiphytic substrate 2 are used. A work tool having a thin and pointed tip such as a flat-blade screwdriver or a scraper is pushed in through the gap between the two, and the binder layers 5 and 6 are destroyed by this.

積層用結合剤層5及び取付用結合剤層6を形成する結合剤は例えば、不飽和ポリエステル樹脂に硬化剤を混合して作製され、板面3a,4aに塗布されることで板3,4同士の間に結合剤層5,6を形成する。 The binder forming the binder layer 5 for lamination and the binder layer 6 for mounting is produced by mixing, for example, an unsaturated polyester resin with a curing agent, and is applied to the plate surfaces 3a and 4a to form the plates 3 and 4. Binder layers 5 and 6 are formed between them.

これら結合剤層5,6には、結合剤による板3,4同士の結合強度を調整するために、図2及び図6に示すように、これら板3,4の板面3a,4aに沿ってシート材8が埋め込んで設けられる。 In order to adjust the bonding strength between the plates 3 and 4 by the binder, the binder layers 5 and 6 are formed along the plate surfaces 3a and 4a of the plates 3 and 4 as shown in FIGS. 2 and 6. The sheet material 8 is embedded and provided.

本実施形態では、シート材8の素材として繊維材料で形成されたシート材8が設けられる。これにより、結合剤の結合力だけで板3,4同士を結合する結合剤層5,6を形成する場合に比べて、結合剤層5,6の内部に繊維材料で形成されたシート材8を設けると、その繊維によってシート材8と結合剤とが結合して結合力を発揮する面積が獲得され、結合強度を高めるように調整することが可能となる。 In the present embodiment, the sheet material 8 made of a fiber material is provided as the material of the sheet material 8. As a result, the sheet material 8 formed of the fiber material inside the binder layers 5 and 6 is compared with the case of forming the binder layers 5 and 6 that bond the plates 3 and 4 to each other only by the binding force of the binder. Is provided, an area in which the sheet material 8 and the binder are bonded by the fiber to exert a binding force is obtained, and it is possible to adjust so as to increase the bonding strength.

また、本実施形態にあっては繊維材料で形成されたシート材8は、結合剤層5,6中に、所定の間隔を空けて、複数枚が分散して配設される。このように、シート材8を分散して配設すると、結合剤層5,6だけで板3,4同士を結合すると結合強度が板面3a,4a全面で一定になってしまう場合と異なり、シート材8がある部分は、シート材8の無い部分に対して、結合強度が高まり、板面3a,4aに沿って結合強度に強弱があるように調整される。 Further, in the present embodiment, a plurality of sheet materials 8 formed of the fiber material are dispersedly arranged in the binder layers 5 and 6 at predetermined intervals. When the sheet materials 8 are dispersed and arranged in this way, unlike the case where the bonding strength becomes constant on the entire surface of the plate surfaces 3a and 4a when the plates 3 and 4 are bonded to each other only by the binder layers 5 and 6. The portion with the sheet material 8 is adjusted so that the bonding strength is higher than the portion without the sheet material 8 and the bonding strength is strong or weak along the plate surfaces 3a and 4a.

これにより、波力等の外力に抗し得る結合剤層5,6の結合強度は、結合剤層5,6全体で、特にシート材8のある部分で高く確保されつつ、着生基質板4の剥離に対しては、シート材8が設けられない部分、すなわち比較的結合強度が低い箇所があることで、その作業が円滑に行われるようになっている。 As a result, the binding strength of the binder layers 5 and 6 capable of resisting external forces such as wave force is secured high in the entire binder layers 5 and 6, especially in a certain portion of the sheet material 8, and the epiphytic substrate plate 4 With respect to the peeling of the sheet material 8, there is a portion where the sheet material 8 is not provided, that is, a portion where the bonding strength is relatively low, so that the work can be smoothly performed.

図示例では、四角形状の複数枚の繊維材料で形成されたシート材8が、板3,4の長さ方向及び幅方向に等間隔を隔てて、縦横に均等に配設されている。シート材8は、四角形状の他、多角形状や円形状など、どのような形態であってもよい。板3,4の平面外形寸法に対するシート材8の平面外形寸法(大きさ)は、適宜に設定すればよい。シート材8の枚数や配列も、適宜に設定すればよい。 In the illustrated example, the sheet materials 8 formed of a plurality of square fiber materials are evenly arranged vertically and horizontally at equal intervals in the length direction and the width direction of the plates 3 and 4. The sheet material 8 may have any shape such as a polygonal shape or a circular shape as well as a rectangular shape. The plane outer dimensions (size) of the sheet material 8 with respect to the plane outer dimensions of the plates 3 and 4 may be appropriately set. The number and arrangement of the sheet materials 8 may be appropriately set.

なお、シート材8の素材は、本実施形態では板3,4同士の結合強度を高めるために繊維材料で形成されたシート材8を例示したが、結合強度を調整できればどのようなものでも採用可能である。例えば、板3,4同士を結合する結合剤として結合力が非常に強いものを使用する場合には、合成樹脂を材料としたシート材8を採用して、結合剤層5,6の結合強度を低くするように調整しても良い。この場合においても、結合剤層5,6の結合強度は、当該結合剤層5,6全体で、特にシート材8が無い部分で高く確保されつつ、着生基質板4の剥離に対しては、シート材8を設けた部分、すなわち比較的結合強度が低い箇所があることで、上述したのと同様に、その作業が円滑に行われる。 As the material of the sheet material 8, in the present embodiment, the sheet material 8 formed of a fiber material in order to increase the bonding strength between the plates 3 and 4 is exemplified, but any material can be used as long as the bonding strength can be adjusted. It is possible. For example, when a binder having a very strong binding strength is used as a binder for binding the plates 3 and 4, a sheet material 8 made of a synthetic resin is used to bond the binder layers 5 and 6 to each other. May be adjusted to be low. Even in this case, the binding strength of the binder layers 5 and 6 is ensured to be high in the whole of the binder layers 5 and 6, especially in the portion where the sheet material 8 is not provided, and against the peeling of the epiphytic substrate plate 4. Since there is a portion where the sheet material 8 is provided, that is, a portion where the bonding strength is relatively low, the work can be smoothly performed in the same manner as described above.

また、シート材8は、環境保全の観点から、海中等で分解性を有する材料が好ましく、アルミ箔や繊維材料、例えば和紙や半紙などの紙類とされる。 Further, the sheet material 8 is preferably a material having decomposability in the sea or the like from the viewpoint of environmental protection, and is made of aluminum foil or fiber material, for example, paper such as Japanese paper or semi-paper.

以上のように構成される本実施形態に係る海洋生物用着生基質ユニット1は、例えば図7に示すように、コンクリート製基台9に、鋼製の柱材10及び梁材11を組んで形成した直方体状の枠組体12を搭載した人工海洋構造物13に取り付けられる。 In the marine organism growth substrate unit 1 according to the present embodiment configured as described above, for example, as shown in FIG. 7, a steel column member 10 and a beam member 11 are assembled on a concrete base 9. It is attached to the artificial marine structure 13 on which the formed rectangular parallelepiped framework 12 is mounted.

具体的には、柱材10や梁材11に設けられる通孔に挿通される固定部材7としてのボルトが、海洋生物用着生基質ユニット1の基板3に形成された固定部3bの各挿通孔3cに挿通されナットで締結され、これにより、基板3が直方体状の枠組体12の各面に取り付けられて、海洋生物用着生基質ユニット1が人工海洋構造物13に固定して設けられる。 Specifically, bolts as fixing members 7 to be inserted into through holes provided in the pillar lumber 10 and the beam member 11 are inserted into the fixing portions 3b formed on the substrate 3 of the marine organism growth substrate unit 1. It is inserted into the hole 3c and fastened with a nut, whereby the substrate 3 is attached to each surface of the rectangular frame 12, and the marine organism engraftment substrate unit 1 is fixedly provided to the artificial marine structure 13. ..

なお、鋼製の枠組体12に代えて、コンクリート製からなる中実な柱状体に海洋生物用着生基質ユニット1の基板3を取り付ける場合には、予め固定部材(アンカーボルト)7を柱状体に打ち込んでおく。 When the substrate 3 of the marine organism growth substrate unit 1 is attached to a solid columnar body made of concrete instead of the steel frame body 12, the fixing member (anchor bolt) 7 is previously attached to the columnar body. Type in.

次に、本実施形態に係る海洋生物用着生基質ユニット1及び人工海洋構造物13の作用について説明する。海洋生物用着生基質ユニット1の製作にあたっては、1枚の基板3と複数枚の着生基質板4をそれぞれ作製する。 Next, the actions of the epiphytic substrate unit 1 for marine organisms and the artificial marine structure 13 according to the present embodiment will be described. In the production of the epiphytic substrate unit 1 for marine organisms, one substrate 3 and a plurality of epiphytic substrate plates 4 are produced, respectively.

次いで、着生基質体2の頂部に配置する着生基質板4については、粗面とされた板面(下面)4aに、また底部に配置する着生基質板4については、粗面とされた板面(上面)4aに、他の着生基質板4については、粗面とされた表裏の板面4aにそれぞれ結合剤を塗布した後、上下に隣り合う着生基質板4同士の間それぞれに複数枚のシート材8を挟み込むようにして、結合剤で着生基質板4同士を張り付けて結合し、これにより複数枚の着生基質板4が積層用結合剤層5で積層状態に一体的に結合された案内用棚部2bを有する着生基質体2を形成する。 Next, the epiphytic substrate plate 4 arranged on the top of the epiphytic substrate 2 is made rough on the plate surface (lower surface) 4a which is a rough surface, and the epiphytic substrate plate 4 arranged on the bottom is rough. For the other epiphytic substrate plates 4 on the flat plate surface (upper surface) 4a, after applying a binder to the front and back plate surfaces 4a which are rough surfaces, between the epiphytic substrate plates 4 adjacent to each other on the upper and lower sides. A plurality of sheet materials 8 are sandwiched between the sheet materials 8 and the growth substrate plates 4 are bonded to each other with a binder, whereby the plurality of growth substrate plates 4 are laminated by the binder layer 5 for lamination. The epiphytic substrate 2 having the integrally bonded guide shelf 2b is formed.

次いで、着生基質体2の底部に位置する着生基質板4の粗面とされた板面(下面)4a及び基板3の粗面とされた板面(上面)3aそれぞれに結合剤を塗布した後、底部の着生基質板4と基板3との間に複数枚のシート材8を挟み込むようにして、かつ案内面3d及び固定部3bが現れるように位置づけして、結合剤で着生基質体2と基板3を張り付けて結合し、これにより着生基質体2と基板3とを取付用結合剤層6で一体的に結合した海洋生物用着生基質ユニット1を完成する。 Next, a binder is applied to each of the roughened plate surface (lower surface) 4a of the epiphytic substrate plate 4 and the roughened plate surface (upper surface) 3a of the substrate 3 located at the bottom of the epiphytic substrate 2. After that, a plurality of sheet materials 8 are sandwiched between the substrate 4 and the substrate 3 at the bottom, and the guide surface 3d and the fixing portion 3b are positioned so as to appear, and the epiphyte is formed with a binder. The substrate 2 and the substrate 3 are attached and bonded to each other, thereby completing the epiphytic substrate unit 1 for marine organisms in which the epiphytic substrate 2 and the substrate 3 are integrally bonded by the mounting binder layer 6.

このように着生基質ユニット1は、繊維材料等のシート材8が埋設される結合剤層5,6で、FRP等で作製される着生基質板4や基板3を積層状態で一体的に結合して形成するだけなので、簡単かつ低コストで構成することができる。 In this way, the epiphytic substrate unit 1 is a binder layer 5 or 6 in which a sheet material 8 such as a fiber material is embedded, and the epiphytic substrate plate 4 and the substrate 3 made of FRP or the like are integrally laminated in a laminated state. Since it is only formed by combining, it can be easily and inexpensively constructed.

そして、完成した海洋生物用着生基質ユニット1は、人工海洋構造物13に固定され、海中に設置される。海中へ設置する際、着生基質ユニット1は、予め陸上で人工海洋構造物13に固定しておいて、人工海洋構造物13と共に海中に沈めても、潜水作業者が潜行して、沈められている人工海洋構造物13に対して固定するようにしてもよい。 Then, the completed epiphytic substrate unit 1 for marine organisms is fixed to the artificial marine structure 13 and installed in the sea. When installing in the sea, the epiphytic substrate unit 1 is fixed to the artificial marine structure 13 on land in advance, and even if it is submerged in the sea together with the artificial marine structure 13, the diving worker dives and is submerged. It may be fixed to the artificial marine structure 13 that is being built.

人工海洋構造物13についても、着生基質ユニット1を、その固定部3bを介して固定できる構成を備えるだけでよく、構造が簡単であって、安価に製作することができる。 The artificial marine structure 13 also needs only have a structure in which the epiphytic substrate unit 1 can be fixed via the fixing portion 3b thereof, and the structure is simple and can be manufactured at low cost.

海中に沈めて設置された海洋生物用着生基質ユニット1では、着生基質体2の頂部の着生基質板4が露出され、その板面(上面)4aが海中に曝露されて着生面Bとなる。この着生面Bに種々様々の海洋生物を着生させ育成することができる。 In the epiphytic substrate unit 1 for marine organisms installed submerged in the sea, the epiphytic substrate plate 4 at the top of the epiphytic substrate 2 is exposed, and the plate surface (upper surface) 4a is exposed to the sea and the epiphytic surface is exposed. It becomes B. Various marine organisms can be grown on this epiphytic surface B.

設置時、波力等の外力が着生基質ユニット1に作用しても、結合剤層5,6の結合強度により、殊に繊維材料のシート材8によって結合強度が増強するように調整できることにより、全体の一体化を確実に維持することができ、着生基質板4が意図せず剥がれてしまうなど、自然状態で損傷が発生することを防止することができる。 Even if an external force such as a wave force acts on the epiphytic substrate unit 1 at the time of installation, the bond strength can be adjusted by the bond strength of the binder layers 5 and 6, especially by the sheet material 8 of the fiber material. , The whole integration can be surely maintained, and damage such as unintentional peeling of the epiphytic substrate plate 4 can be prevented from occurring in a natural state.

設置後、適宜期間を経て、育成された海洋生物は、収穫される。収穫に際しては、潜水作業員が潜水し、海洋生物が着生している頂部の着生基質板4を着生基質体2から分離する。分離する際には、上述したスクレーパ等の作業具を用いる。 After an appropriate period of time after installation, the cultivated marine organisms are harvested. At the time of harvesting, a diving worker dives and separates the epiphytic substrate plate 4 at the top where marine organisms are settled from the epiphytic substrate 2. When separating, a working tool such as the scraper described above is used.

分離対象である頂部の着生基質板4とその直下の着生基質板4の位置関係は、着生基質体2に階段部2bとなって現れる案内用棚部2aで判別することができ、作業具を案内用棚部2aに当てて、着生基質板4の間の積層用結合剤層5に容易かつ的確に作業具を押し入れることができる。 The positional relationship between the epiphytic substrate plate 4 at the top and the epiphytic substrate plate 4 immediately below it, which is the object of separation, can be determined by the guide shelf portion 2a that appears as the step portion 2b on the epiphytic substrate 2. The work tool can be easily and accurately pushed into the laminating binder layer 5 between the growth substrate plates 4 by applying the work tool to the guide shelf 2a.

作業具を積層用結合剤層5に押し入れると、シート材8の分散配置により結合強度が比較的小さい箇所をきっかけとして積層用結合剤層5に破壊を生じさせることができ、作業具をさらに押し入れることで、シート材8がある箇所も含めて連鎖的に結合を解くことができて、頂部の1枚の着生基質板4を着生基質体2から剥がし取って収穫することができ、また同時に、直下の着生基質板4の板面(上面)4aを海中に曝露させて新規の着生面Bに切り替えることができ、このような良好な剥離作業だけで、交換作業や清掃作業なしに、収穫と着生面Bの更新作業とを完了することができる。 When the work tool is pushed into the laminating binder layer 5, the laminating binder layer 5 can be damaged due to the dispersed arrangement of the sheet material 8 at a place where the bonding strength is relatively low, and the working tool can be further increased. By pushing it in, the bond can be broken in a chain including the part where the sheet material 8 is located, and one epiphytic substrate plate 4 at the top can be peeled off from the epiphytic substrate 2 and harvested. At the same time, the plate surface (upper surface) 4a of the epiphytic substrate plate 4 directly underneath can be exposed to the sea to switch to a new epiphytic surface B, and replacement work and cleaning can be performed only by such good peeling work. The harvesting and the renewal work of the epiphytic surface B can be completed without any work.

本実施形態に係る海洋生物用着生基質ユニット1の着生基質体2は、複数枚の着生基質板4すべてが剥がし取られるまで、すなわち、シート材8が埋設されている取付用結合剤層5で基板3に結合されている着生基質体2底部の着生基質板4が剥がし取られるまで、一定の剥離操作の繰り返しで、確実に複数回収穫することができる。そしてまた、この1枚1枚の剥離操作そのもので使用状況を知ることができ、きわめて容易に着生基質ユニット1の使用上の管理を行うことができる。 The epiphytic substrate 2 of the epiphytic substrate unit 1 for marine organisms according to the present embodiment is a mounting binder in which the sheet material 8 is embedded until all of the plurality of epiphytic substrate plates 4 are peeled off. Until the epiphytic substrate plate 4 at the bottom of the epiphytic substrate 2 bonded to the substrate 3 in the layer 5 is peeled off, it is possible to reliably harvest a plurality of times by repeating a certain peeling operation. In addition, the usage status can be known by the peeling operation itself of each sheet, and the usage of the epiphytic substrate unit 1 can be controlled very easily.

本実施形態に係る海洋生物用着生基質ユニット1では、着生基質板4がすべて基板3から取り去られて最後に現れる基板3の板面(上面)3aも新たな着生面Bとして利用することができ、基板3を人工海洋構造物13から取り外すことにより、基板3によっても海洋生物を収穫することができる。また、海洋生物用着生基質ユニット1を、基板3からすべて回収するものであるため、環境保全にも資することができる。 In the epiphytic substrate unit 1 for marine organisms according to the present embodiment, the epiphytic substrate plate 4 is completely removed from the substrate 3, and the plate surface (upper surface) 3a of the substrate 3 that appears last is also used as a new epiphytic surface B. By removing the substrate 3 from the artificial marine structure 13, marine organisms can also be harvested by the substrate 3. Further, since the epiphytic substrate unit 1 for marine organisms is completely recovered from the substrate 3, it can also contribute to environmental protection.

図8及び図9には、着生基質体2の案内用棚部2aの変形例が示されている。図8では、同一寸法の複数枚の着生基質板4の隅角部4bを切り欠くようにし、この切り欠き寸法を底部の着生基質板4から頂部の着生基質板4に向かって大きくすることで、階段状に案内用棚部2aを形成するようにしている。 8 and 9 show a modified example of the guide shelf 2a of the epiphytic substrate 2. In FIG. 8, corner portions 4b of a plurality of epiphytic substrate plates 4 having the same dimensions are cut out, and the cutout dimensions are increased from the epiphytic substrate plate 4 at the bottom toward the epiphytic substrate plate 4 at the top. By doing so, the guide shelf portion 2a is formed in a stepped shape.

図9では、同一寸法の複数枚の着生基質板4の一側縁4cを部分的に一定幅で切り欠くようにし、この切り欠きの長さ寸法を底部の着生基質板4から頂部の着生基質板4に向かって大きくすることで、階段状に案内用棚部2aを形成するようにしている。これら変形例にあっても、上記実施形態と同様の作用効果を奏することはもちろんである。 In FIG. 9, one side edge 4c of a plurality of epiphytic substrate plates 4 having the same dimensions is partially cut out with a constant width, and the length dimension of the notches is measured from the epiphytic substrate plate 4 at the bottom to the top. By increasing the size toward the growth substrate plate 4, the guide shelf 2a is formed in a stepped manner. Of course, even in these modified examples, the same action and effect as those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

図10には、シート材8について、その形態と配列の変形例が示されている。この変形例は、着生基質板4の剥離方向に方向性を持たせる(図では、幅方向よりも長さ方向に剥離し易い)ために、シート材8を、長さが長く幅が狭い帯状に形成し、シート材8の長さ方向を着生基質板4の幅方向に向けて、複数枚を上下左右に等間隔で配設したものである。このような変形例であっても、上記実施形態と同様の作用効果を奏することはもちろんである。 FIG. 10 shows a modified example of the form and arrangement of the sheet material 8. In this modification, the sheet material 8 has a long length and a narrow width in order to give directionality in the peeling direction of the growth substrate plate 4 (in the figure, it is easier to peel in the length direction than in the width direction). It is formed in a strip shape, and a plurality of sheets are arranged vertically and horizontally at equal intervals with the length direction of the sheet material 8 facing the width direction of the growth substrate plate 4. Of course, even in such a modified example, the same action and effect as those of the above-described embodiment can be obtained.

本実施形態では、上下方向に着生基質板4が積層されて形成される縦向きの着生基質体2の底部に取付用結合剤層6で基板3を結合する構成を例示して説明したが、これに限らず、着生基質板4を左右方向に積層して形成した横向きの着生基質体2の底部に基板3を結合する構成であってもよい。 In the present embodiment, a configuration in which the substrate 3 is bonded to the bottom of the vertically oriented growth substrate 2 formed by laminating the growth substrate plates 4 in the vertical direction with the attachment binder layer 6 has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the substrate 3 may be bonded to the bottom of the laterally oriented growth substrate 2 formed by laminating the growth substrate plates 4 in the left-right direction.

本実施形態では、海洋生物用着生基質ユニット1は、コンクリート製基台9に搭載した枠組体12を備える人工海洋構造物13に固定する場合を例示したが、人工海洋構造物13としてはこの他、魚礁、増殖礁、消波ブロック、防波堤、港湾施設等であってもよく、また、着生基質ユニット1は、人工物に限らず、海中の天然の岩礁に打ち込んだアンカーボルトに、その固定部3bをナットで締結固定して設置するようにしてもよい。 In the present embodiment, the case where the engraftment substrate unit 1 for marine life is fixed to the artificial marine structure 13 including the framework 12 mounted on the concrete base 9 is illustrated, but the artificial marine structure 13 is this case. In addition, it may be a fish reef, a breeding reef, a wave-dissipating block, a breakwater, a harbor facility, etc. The fixing portion 3b may be fastened and fixed with a nut for installation.

また、着生基質ユニット1の固定部3bの設置箇所への固定については、ボルト・ナットに限らず、釘による固定や接着による固定など、公知の各種固定手段を適用してもよいことはもちろんである。 Further, regarding the fixing of the epiphytic substrate unit 1 to the installation location of the fixing portion 3b, not only bolts and nuts but also various known fixing means such as fixing with nails or fixing by adhesion may be applied. Is.

1 海洋生物用着生基質ユニット
2 着生基質体
3 基板
3b 固定部
4 着生基質板
4a 板面
5 積層用結合剤層
6 取付用結合剤層
8 シート材
13 人工海洋構造物
B 着生面
1 Epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms 2 Epiphytic substrate 3 Substrate 3b Fixing part 4 Epiphytic substrate plate 4a Plate surface 5 Binder layer for lamination 6 Binder layer for mounting 8 Sheet material 13 Artificial marine structure B Epiphytic surface

Claims (5)

稚貝や海藻の胞子等の海洋生物が着生可能な着生面を有する着生基質体を基板に設けた海洋生物用着生基質ユニットであって、
上記着生基質体は、表裏面のいずれか一方が上記着生面となる複数枚の着生基質板を重ね合わせて、これら着生基質板同士の間に設けられる積層用結合剤層で一体的に結合して積層することにより形成され、
上記着生基質体と上記基板とは、これらの間に設けられる取付用結合剤層により一体的に結合され、
これら結合剤層内には、これら板の板面に沿って、結合剤による板同士の結合強度を調整するシート材が複数枚、所定の間隔を空けて、分散して配設され、
該シート材は、これら結合剤層を、板同士の結合状態を保持することが可能な強度であると同時に、上記着生基質板を順次除去していく更新作業で破壊され、板同士の結合が解かれ剥離することが可能な強度に形成するように、該シート材がある部分は、当該シート材の無い部分に対して、これら板の板面に沿って板同士の結合強度に強弱があるように調整することを特徴とする海洋生物用着生基質ユニット。
An epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms provided with an epiphytic substrate having an epiphytic surface on which marine organisms such as juvenile mussels and seaweed spores can grow.
The epiphytic substrate body is formed by stacking a plurality of epiphytic substrate plates having one of the front and back surfaces as the epiphytic surface, and integrating them with a binder layer for lamination provided between the epiphytic substrate plates. Formed by joining and stacking
The epiphytic substrate and the substrate are integrally bonded by a mounting binder layer provided between them.
In these binder layers, a plurality of sheet materials for adjusting the bonding strength between the plates by the binder are dispersed and arranged along the plate surface of these plates at predetermined intervals.
The sheet material has a strength capable of maintaining the bonded state between the plates, and at the same time, the sheet material is broken by a renewal operation in which the growth substrate plates are sequentially removed, and the plates are bonded to each other. The portion with the sheet material has a strength or weakness in the bonding strength between the plates along the plate surface of the plate with respect to the portion without the sheet material so that the portion having the sheet material is formed to have a strength that can be unraveled and peeled off. An engraftment substrate unit for marine organisms, characterized in that it is adjusted to be present.
前記シート材は、繊維材料で形成されることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の海洋生物用着生基質ユニット。 The epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms according to claim 1, wherein the sheet material is made of a fiber material. 前記シート材は、分解性を有する材料で形成されることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の海洋生物用着生基質ユニット。 The epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sheet material is formed of a degradable material. 前記着生基質体は、互いに重ね合わされる一方の前記着生基質板が他方の前記着生基質板よりも外方へはみ出すように積層されることを特徴とする請求項1〜3いずれかの項に記載の海洋生物用着生基質ユニット。 The epiphytic substrate is any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein one of the epiphytic substrate plates which are overlapped with each other is laminated so as to protrude outward from the other epiphytic substrate plate. The epiphytic substrate unit for marine organisms described in the section. 請求項1〜4いずれかの項に記載の海洋生物用着生基質ユニットの前記基板に、設置個所に固定可能な固定部が設けられ、該固定部を介して上記海洋生物用着生基質ユニットが固定されていることを特徴とする人工海洋構造物。 The substrate of the marine organism epiphytic substrate unit according to any one of claims 1 to 4 is provided with a fixing portion that can be fixed at an installation location, and the marine organism epiphytic substrate unit is provided through the fixing portion. An artificial marine structure characterized by being fixed.
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