JP6924475B2 - Manufacturing method of disinfectant - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of disinfectant Download PDF

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JP6924475B2
JP6924475B2 JP2017047919A JP2017047919A JP6924475B2 JP 6924475 B2 JP6924475 B2 JP 6924475B2 JP 2017047919 A JP2017047919 A JP 2017047919A JP 2017047919 A JP2017047919 A JP 2017047919A JP 6924475 B2 JP6924475 B2 JP 6924475B2
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田中 陽一
陽一 田中
秀明 迫
秀明 迫
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本発明は、抗菌性および抗ウイルス性の高い消毒液等として利用可能な除菌剤に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a disinfectant that can be used as a disinfectant having high antibacterial and antiviral properties.

従来の除菌剤としては、専ら、エタノールや、次亜塩素酸ナトリウムを主成分とするものが使用されていたが、近年、エタノール系消毒液では死滅しない細菌が多く存在することも分かってきている。一方、次亜塩素酸ナトリウム系の除菌剤は、抗菌性が高いものの、皮膚への刺激が非常に強い、という不具合がある。そのため、除菌剤の原料として、特許文献1の如く、ホタテ貝を粉砕した粉末を利用する方法が案出されている。 Conventional disinfectants mainly contain ethanol or sodium hypochlorite as the main component, but in recent years, it has become clear that there are many bacteria that cannot be killed by ethanol-based disinfectants. There is. On the other hand, the sodium hypochlorite-based disinfectant has a high antibacterial property, but has a problem that it is very irritating to the skin. Therefore, as in Patent Document 1, a method of using crushed scallop powder as a raw material for a disinfectant has been devised.

特開2001−199823号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2001-199823

しかしながら、上記した特許文献1の如きホタテ貝を粉砕した粉末を用いた除菌剤は、ある程度良好な抗菌性を発現させるものの、皮膚への刺激が強いという不具合がある。 However, a disinfectant using a powder of crushed scallops as described in Patent Document 1 described above has a problem that it is strongly irritating to the skin, although it exhibits good antibacterial properties to some extent.

本発明の目的は、上記従来の消毒液が有する問題点を解消し、高い抗菌性および抗ウイルス性を発現するとともに、皮膚への刺激が少ない除菌剤を提供することにある。 An object of the present invention is to solve the problems of the above-mentioned conventional antiseptic solution, to provide a disinfectant that exhibits high antibacterial and antiviral properties and is less irritating to the skin.

請求項1に記載の発明は、ホタテ貝の貝殻を焼成した後に粉砕して得られるホタテ貝焼成粉末と、植物から抽出される植物精油とを混合してなる除菌剤の製造方法であって、前記植物精油が、ラベンダーから抽出されるものであり、ホタテ貝焼成粉末を水に対して0.01質量%以上5.0質量%以下の割合で混合させてなる混合溶液を静置した後に、溶解せず沈殿したホタテ貝の貝殻の焼成粉末および上澄みが混入しないように、静置後の混合溶液の中間に位置した水溶液を採取するとともに、前記水溶液と、アルコールを溶媒とした溶媒抽出法によってラベンダーのエキスあるいは成分を抽出した抽出液を分離精製してなる植物精油とを、ラベンダーの抽出物に対するホタテ貝焼成粉末の固形分に換算した質量比が0.5〜2.0の範囲になるように配合して混合することを特徴とするものである。 The invention according to claim 1 is a method for producing a disinfectant obtained by mixing a fired scallop powder obtained by firing a shell of a scallop shell and then crushing the shell, and a plant essential oil extracted from a plant. , The vegetable essential oil is extracted from lavender, and after allowing to stand a mixed solution prepared by mixing calcined scallop powder with water at a ratio of 0.01% by mass or more and 5.0% by mass or less. An aqueous solution located in the middle of the mixed solution after standing is collected so that the calcined powder of the scallop shell that has not dissolved and precipitated and the supernatant are not mixed, and a solvent extraction method using the aqueous solution and alcohol as a solvent. The mass ratio of the plant essential oil obtained by separating and purifying the lavender extract or the extract obtained by extracting the components to the lavender extract in terms of the solid content of the scallop calcined powder is in the range of 0.5 to 2.0. It is characterized in that it is blended and mixed so as to be.

請求項1に記載の製造方法により製造された除菌剤は、少ない分量で高い抗菌特性を発現させることができる上、皮膚への刺激が少ない。 The disinfectant produced by the production method according to claim 1 can exhibit high antibacterial properties in a small amount and is less irritating to the skin.

また、請求項1に記載の製造方法により製造された除菌剤は、少ない分量できわめて高い抗菌特性を発現させることができる上、皮膚への刺激が非常に少ない。
In addition, the disinfectant produced by the production method according to claim 1 can exhibit extremely high antibacterial properties in a small amount and is extremely less irritating to the skin.

本発明に係る除菌剤は、ホタテ貝の貝殻を焼成した後に粉砕して得られるホタテ貝焼成粉末と、植物から抽出される植物精油とを混合することによって製造される。本発明で用いられるホタテ貝焼成粉末は、ホタテ貝の貝殻を焼成した後に粉砕してなるものであり、全成分中の酸化カルシウムの含有比率が、20質量%以上60質量%以下となるように調整されていることが必要である。また、本発明でいうホタテ貝とは、二枚貝綱−翼形亜綱−イタヤガイ科のMizuhopecten 属に分類される軟体動物の一種であり、その種類は特に限定されない。 The disinfectant according to the present invention is produced by mixing a calcined scallop powder obtained by calcining a scallop shell and then crushing it with a plant essential oil extracted from a plant. The scallop calcined powder used in the present invention is obtained by calcining the scallop shell and then crushing it so that the content ratio of calcium oxide in all the components is 20% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less. It needs to be adjusted. The scallop in the present invention is a kind of mollusks classified into the genus Mizuhopecten of the class Bivalvia-Pteriomorphia-Scallops, and the type is not particularly limited.

当該ホタテ貝の貝殻は、貝肉部分を食用として引き剥がした残りのものをそのまま焼成に供することも可能であるが、貝肉部分を引き剥がした後に洗浄して焼成に供することも可能である。かかる洗浄方法としては、水を噴出させたシャワーで粗い粉砕処理を加えながら洗浄する方法や、塩素等を加えた水槽内で洗浄する方法等を採用することができる。また、洗浄後のホタテ貝の貝殻は、そのまま焼成に供することも可能であるが、太陽光に曝して十分に乾燥させた後に洗浄して焼成に供することも可能である。 As for the scallop shell, the remaining scallop shell that has been peeled off for food can be used as it is for firing, but it is also possible to wash and fire the shell after peeling the shell meat portion. .. As such a cleaning method, a method of cleaning while applying a coarse crushing treatment in a shower in which water is ejected, a method of cleaning in a water tank to which chlorine or the like is added, or the like can be adopted. The washed scallop shell can be used for firing as it is, but it can also be washed after being sufficiently dried by exposure to sunlight and then used for firing.

また、ホタテ貝の貝殻の焼成(無機化)は、各種の炉を用いて、800℃〜1,600℃の温度にて行うのが好ましく、1,000℃〜1,400℃の温度にて行うのがより好ましく、1,100℃〜1,300℃の温度にて行うのがさらに好ましい。800℃未満の温度で焼成すると、その後の粉砕処理で粒子形状が十分に球状化しなくなるので好ましくなく、反対に、1,600℃を上回る温度で焼成すると、エネルギー的なロスが多くなり不経済である上、ホタテ貝の焼成粉末が発現し得る高い抗菌性および抗ウイルス性が損なわれるので好ましくない。加えて、焼成する炉は、特に限定されないが、所定の温度の加熱の前にその所定の温度より300℃〜500℃程度低い温度で予備加熱を行う連続式の炉を用いると、焼成物中の酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウムの含有量(比率)が多くなり易いので好ましい。 The firing (mineralization) of scallop shells is preferably carried out at a temperature of 800 ° C. to 1,600 ° C., preferably at a temperature of 1,000 ° C. to 1,400 ° C. using various furnaces. It is more preferable to carry out, and it is further preferable to carry out at a temperature of 1,100 ° C. to 1,300 ° C. If it is fired at a temperature lower than 800 ° C, the particle shape will not be sufficiently sphericalized in the subsequent pulverization treatment, which is not preferable. On the contrary, if it is fired at a temperature higher than 1,600 ° C, energy loss increases and it is uneconomical. In addition, it is not preferable because the high antibacterial and antiviral properties that the calcined powder of scallops can develop are impaired. In addition, the firing furnace is not particularly limited, but if a continuous type furnace in which preheating is performed at a temperature lower than the predetermined temperature by about 300 ° C. to 500 ° C. before heating at a predetermined temperature is used, the fired product is contained. The content (ratio) of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide tends to increase, which is preferable.

一方、ホタテ貝の貝殻の焼成時間は、焼成温度に依存するが、800℃以上1,600℃未満の温度範囲で0.5時間以上8時間以下に亘って焼成するのが好ましい。より詳細には、800℃以上1,000℃未満の温度にて焼成する場合には、4〜8時間に亘って行うのが好ましく、1,000℃以上1,200℃未満の温度にて焼成する場合には、2〜4時間に亘って行うのが好ましく、1,200℃以上1,400℃未満の温度にて焼成する場合には、1〜2時間に亘って行うのが好ましく、1,400℃以上1,600℃以下の高温下にて焼成する場合には、0.5〜1時間に亘って行うのが好ましい。焼成時間が上記した基準時間より短いと、焼成温度が低い場合と同様に、その後の粉砕処理で粒子形状が十分に球状化しなくなるので好ましくなく、反対に、焼成時間が上記した基準時間より長いと、エネルギー的なロスが多くなり不経済である上、ホタテ貝の貝殻の焼成粉末が発現し得る高い抗菌性、抗ウイルス性および低い皮膚への刺激性が損なわれ易いので好ましくない。 On the other hand, the firing time of the scallop shell depends on the firing temperature, but it is preferable to fire the scallop shell in a temperature range of 800 ° C. or higher and lower than 1,600 ° C. for 0.5 hours or longer and 8 hours or shorter. More specifically, when firing at a temperature of 800 ° C. or higher and lower than 1,000 ° C., it is preferably carried out over 4 to 8 hours, and firing at a temperature of 1,000 ° C. or higher and lower than 1,200 ° C. In the case of firing at a temperature of 1,200 ° C. or higher and lower than 1,400 ° C., it is preferably carried out over 1 to 2 hours. When firing at a high temperature of 400 ° C. or higher and 1,600 ° C. or lower, it is preferably carried out for 0.5 to 1 hour. If the firing time is shorter than the above-mentioned reference time, it is not preferable because the particle shape is not sufficiently spheroidized in the subsequent pulverization treatment as in the case where the firing temperature is low. On the contrary, if the firing time is longer than the above-mentioned reference time. In addition to being uneconomical due to a large amount of energy loss, it is not preferable because the high antibacterial property, antiviral property and low skin irritation that can be expressed by the calcined powder of scallop shell are easily impaired.

さらに、ホタテ貝の貝殻の焼成後には、粉砕処理を施す必要がある。そのように焼成してホタテ貝の貝殻を脆質化させた後に粉砕処理を施すことによって、水溶液にし易くなるとともに、直物精油混合し易いものとなる。かかる焼成後の粉砕処理は、微粉砕機によって行うのが好ましい。微粉砕機とは、粒径が数mm以上の粒子を粒径が数十μm以下となるように粉砕可能なものであり、その中には、粒径が1μm程度となるように粉砕可能な超微粉砕機も含まれる。そのような微粉砕機としては、ポットミル、振動ミル、撹拌ミル、オングミル、ジェットミル等を挙げることができるが、焼成後のホタテ貝の貝殻中の酸化カルシウム、水酸化カルシウムの含有量を高く維持して、高い抗菌性、抗ウイルス性および低い皮膚への刺激性を発現させるためには、乾式のジェットミルのような超微粉砕機を用いるのが好ましい。 Further, after firing the scallop shell, it is necessary to perform a crushing treatment. By firing the scallop shell in this way to make the scallop shell brittle and then pulverizing the scallop shell, it becomes easy to make an aqueous solution and to easily mix the spot essential oil. The pulverization treatment after firing is preferably performed by a fine pulverizer. The fine pulverizer is capable of pulverizing particles having a particle size of several mm or more so that the particle size is several tens of μm or less, and in it, it is possible to pulverize particles having a particle size of about 1 μm. An ultra-fine crusher is also included. Examples of such a pulverizer include a pot mill, a vibration mill, a stirring mill, an ong mill, a jet mill, and the like, and maintain a high content of calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide in the shell of scallops after firing. Therefore, in order to exhibit high antibacterial property, antiviral property and low skin irritation, it is preferable to use an ultrafine pulverizer such as a dry jet mill.

また、焼成後のホタテ貝の貝殻を粉砕する方法としては、水または他の液体の中で焼成後の貝殻を粉砕する湿式粉砕方法と、焼成後のホタテ貝の貝殻を乾燥させた状態で保持したまま粉砕する乾式粉砕方法との何れの方法をも採用することができるが、乾式粉砕方法を採用すると、焼成物中の酸化カルシウムの含有量(比率)が多くなるので好ましい。さらに、そのように焼成後のホタテ貝の貝殻を乾式粉砕方法にて粉砕する場合には、焼成後のホタテ貝の貝殻をそのまま(時間を経過させることなく)粉砕する方法や、焼成後のホタテ貝の貝殻を低湿度(40%RH以下)の雰囲気下で保管する等して、焼成後のホタテ貝の貝殻を水分量が概ね10質量%を上回らないように保持した状態で粉砕する方法を採用すると、焼成物中の酸化カルシウムの含有量がより多くなるので特に好ましい。加えて、焼成後のホタテ貝の貝殻を乾式粉砕方法にて粉砕する場合には、雰囲気温度が50℃以上100℃以下となるように加熱下で粉砕を実施すると、焼成物中の水分量を低く保持できるので好ましい。 In addition, as a method of crushing the scallop shell after firing, a wet crushing method of crushing the shell after firing in water or other liquid and holding the shell of the scallop after firing in a dried state. Any method can be adopted as a dry pulverization method in which the pulverization is carried out as it is, but it is preferable to adopt the dry pulverization method because the content (ratio) of calcium oxide in the fired product increases. Further, when the scallop shells after firing are crushed by a dry crushing method, a method of crushing the scallop shells after firing as it is (without lapse of time) or scallops after firing A method of crushing scallop shells after firing in a state where the water content does not exceed approximately 10% by mass, such as by storing the shells in a low humidity (40% RH or less) atmosphere. When adopted, it is particularly preferable because the content of calcium oxide in the fired product increases. In addition, when crushing the scallop shells after firing by a dry crushing method, if crushing is performed under heating so that the ambient temperature is 50 ° C. or higher and 100 ° C. or lower, the amount of water in the fired product is reduced. It is preferable because it can be kept low.

そして、本発明の除菌剤の製造にあたっては、上記の如く得られるホタテ貝の貝殻の焼成粉末(ホタテ貝焼成粉末)を、そのままで、あるいは各種の溶媒に溶解あるいは分散させた状態で用いることができる(植物精油と混合することができる)。ホタテ貝焼成粉末を溶解あるいは分散させるための溶媒としては、メタノール、エタノール、ブタノール、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、シクロヘキサン、酢酸エチル、アセトン、モノテルペン類、グリセリン、1,3−ブチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、プロピレングリコール等のグリコール類、水等を用いることができ、それらの一種を単独で、あるいは二種以上を混合して用いることができる。 Then, in the production of the disinfectant of the present invention, the calcined powder of the scallop shell obtained as described above (scallop calcined powder) is used as it is or in a state of being dissolved or dispersed in various solvents. Can be mixed with vegetable essential oils. Solvents for dissolving or dispersing calcined scallop powder include methanol, ethanol, butanol, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, monoterpenes, glycerin, 1,3-butylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and propylene. Glycols such as glycol, water and the like can be used, and one of them can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

ホタテ貝焼成粉末を溶媒で溶解あるいは分散させる場合には、溶媒(たとえば、水)に対するホタテ貝焼成粉末の添加量(混合量)が、0.01質量%以上5.0質量%以下となるように調整するのが好ましく、0.05質量%以上2.0質量%以下に調整するのがより好ましい。ホタテ貝焼成粉末の添加量が0.01質量%を下回ると、十分な抗菌性および抗ウイルス性が得られないので好ましくないし、反対に、ホタテ貝焼成粉末の添加量が5.0質量%を上回ると、不経済であるので(ホタテ貝焼成粉末を過剰に添加することになるので)好ましくない。 When the scallop calcined powder is dissolved or dispersed in a solvent, the amount (mixed amount) of the scallop calcined powder added to the solvent (for example, water) is 0.01% by mass or more and 5.0% by mass or less. It is preferable to adjust to 0.05% by mass or more and 2.0% by mass or less. If the amount of the calcined scallop powder added is less than 0.01% by mass, sufficient antibacterial and antiviral properties cannot be obtained, which is not preferable. On the contrary, the amount of the calcined scallop powder added is 5.0% by mass. If it exceeds, it is uneconomical (because the calcined scallop powder is added excessively), which is not preferable.

また、ホタテ貝焼成粉末を水で溶解あるいは分散させる場合には、水(イオン交換水が好ましい)中にホタテ貝焼成粉末を添加して撹拌した混合溶液を、所定の時間静置した後(10時間以上静置(すなわち、外力を加えない状態で放置)するのが好ましい)、溶解せず沈殿したホタテ貝焼成粉末および上澄みが混入しないように、静置後の混合溶液の中間に位置した水溶液を採取して用いると、抗菌特性が高い上、皮膚への刺激が少ない除菌剤を効率良く製造することが可能となるので好ましい。加えて、このような方法を採用した場合には、一旦、溶解せず沈殿したホタテ貝焼成粉末および上澄みを取り除いて中間層の部分を利用した後に、その沈殿物および上澄みを再利用して新たな混合溶液を調製することが可能である。 When the calcined scallop powder is dissolved or dispersed in water, a mixed solution obtained by adding the calcined scallop powder to water (preferably ion-exchanged water) and stirring the mixture is allowed to stand for a predetermined time (10). An aqueous solution located in the middle of the mixed solution after standing so that the calcined scallop powder and the supernatant, which are not dissolved and settled, are not mixed with the solution, which is left to stand for more than an hour (that is, it is preferably left without applying an external force). Is preferable because it has high antibacterial properties and can efficiently produce a disinfectant that is less irritating to the skin. In addition, when such a method is adopted, once the undissolved and precipitated scallop calcined powder and the supernatant are removed and the intermediate layer portion is used, the precipitate and the supernatant are reused for new use. It is possible to prepare a mixed solution.

一方、本発明の除菌剤に使用される植物精油は、イヌエンジュ、ウワウルシ、エキナセア、コガネバナ、キハダ、オウレン、オールスパイス、オレガノ、エンジュ、カミツレ、スイカズラ、クララ、ケイガイ、ケイ、ゲッケイジュ、ホオノキ、ゴボウ、コンフリー、ジャショウ、ワレモコウ、シュクシャ、ショウガ、セイタカアワダチソウ、セイヨウニワトコ、セージ、ヤドリギ、ホソバオケラ、タイム、ハナスゲ、チョウジ、ウンシュウミカン、ティーツリー、バーベリー、ドクダミ、ナンテン、ニュウコウ、ヨロイグサ、シロガヤ、ボウフウ、オランダヒユ、ホップ、ホンシタン、マウンテングレープ、ムラサキタガヤサン、セイヨウヤマハッカ、ヒオウギ、ヤマジソ、ユーカリ、ラベンダー、ラヴィンサラ、ラベンサラ、ローズ、ローズマリー、バラン、スギ、ギレアドバルサムノキ、ハクセン、ハハキギ、ミチヤナギ、ジンギョウ、フウ、ツリガネニンジン、ハマビシ、ヤブガラシ、カンゾウ、セイヨウオトギリソウ等の植物の内の一種または二種以上から抽出されるものであり、それらの中でも、ユーカリ、ティートリー、ラベンダー、ラヴィンサラの内の一種または二種以上の植物精油(ユーカリの抽出物の場合はユーカリラディアータ等を含む)を用いると、除菌剤の抗菌性がより高くなるとともに、皮膚への刺激性がより低くなるので好ましい。なお、抽出物を得る際には、ティーツリー、ユーカリおよびラヴィンサラについては葉の部分を、ラベンダーについては花穂の部分を用いるのが好ましい。 On the other hand, the plant essential oils used in the disinfectant of the present invention are Inuenju, Uwaurushi, Ekinacea, Koganebana, Kihada, Ouren, Allspice, Oregano, Enju, Chamomile, Watermelon, Clara, Keigai, Kei, Geckeiju, Hoonoki, Gobo. , Comfrey, Jasho, Waremokou, Shuksha, Ginger, Seitaka Awadachisou, Seiyouniwatoko, Sage, Yadorigi, Hosobaokera, Thyme, Hanasuge, Chouji, Unshuumikan, Tea Tree, Barberry, Dokudami, Nanten, Nyukou, Yoroigusa Dutch Hiyu, Hop, Hongshitan, Mountain Grape, Murasaki Tagayasan, Seiyoyamahakka, Hiougi, Yamajiso, Eucalyptus, Lavender, Ravensara, Ravensara, Rose, Rosemary, Balun, Sugi, Gila Adbal Samnoki, Hakusen, Hahakigi, Michiyanagi, Jingyo , Tsurigane carrot, Hamabishi, Yabugarashi, Kanzo, Seiyootogirisou, etc., and one or more of them, among them, eucalyptus, tea tree, lavender, and ravensara. The use of plant essential oils (including eucalyptus radiata in the case of eucalyptus extract) is preferable because the antibacterial activity of the disinfectant is higher and the irritation to the skin is lower. When obtaining the extract, it is preferable to use the leaf part for tea tree, eucalyptus and Ravensara, and the flower spike part for lavender.

本発明の除菌剤に使用される植物精油は、上記した各種の植物をそのまま、あるいは乾燥させてから適当な大きさに切断あるいは粉砕した後に、それらの切断物、粉砕物からエキスあるいは成分を抽出して分離精製することによって得ることができる。抽出方法としては、通常の溶媒抽出法を好適に用いることができるが、特に限定されない。また、複数の植物精油を用いる場合には、各植物から個別に抽出物を得た後にそれらの抽出物を混合して用いることも可能であるし、複数の植物を予め混合した後に、その混合物の切断物、粉砕物から抽出した抽出物を用いることも可能である。加えて、各植物から抽出された抽出液をそのまま植物精油として用いることも可能であるし、抽出液を溶媒で希釈した希釈液、抽出液を濃縮した濃縮エキス、抽出液を凍結乾燥等の方法で乾燥させた乾燥粉末や、ペースト状に調整したもの等を用いることも可能である。 The plant essential oil used in the disinfectant of the present invention is obtained by cutting or crushing the above-mentioned various plants as they are or after drying them to an appropriate size, and then removing extracts or components from the cut or crushed products. It can be obtained by extracting and separating and purifying. As the extraction method, a usual solvent extraction method can be preferably used, but the extraction method is not particularly limited. Further, when a plurality of plant essential oils are used, it is also possible to obtain extracts individually from each plant and then mix and use those extracts, or to mix a plurality of plants in advance and then use the mixture. It is also possible to use an extract extracted from a cut product or a crushed product of. In addition, the extract extracted from each plant can be used as it is as a plant essential oil, a diluted solution obtained by diluting the extract with a solvent, a concentrated extract obtained by concentrating the extract, a method such as freeze-drying the extract. It is also possible to use a dry powder dried in (1), a paste-like preparation, or the like.

また、抽出物を得る際に用いる溶媒としては、メタノール、エタノール、ブタノール、ヘキサン、ヘプタン、シクロヘキサン、酢酸エチル、アセトン、モノテルペン類、グリセリン、1,3−ブチレングリコール、ジプロピレングリコール、プロピレングリコール等のグリコール類、水等を用いることができ、それらの一種を単独で、あるいは二種以上を混合して用いることができる。 The solvent used to obtain the extract includes methanol, ethanol, butanol, hexane, heptane, cyclohexane, ethyl acetate, acetone, monoterpenes, glycerin, 1,3-butylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, propylene glycol and the like. Glycols, water, etc. can be used, and one of them can be used alone or in combination of two or more.

さらに、抽出処理方法としては、冷浸、温浸、加熱還流、パーコレーション法等を用いることができる。加えて、抽出物の分離精製方法としては、活性炭処理、液液分配、カラムクロマトグラフィー、液体クロマトグラフィー等の方法を用いることができる。 Further, as the extraction treatment method, cold immersion, warm immersion, heating reflux, percolation method and the like can be used. In addition, as a method for separating and purifying the extract, methods such as activated carbon treatment, liquid-liquid distribution, column chromatography, and liquid chromatography can be used.

また、抽出物の溶媒への配合量は、特に限定されないが、抽出溶媒を除いた固形分に換算して、0.001〜10重量%配合するのが好ましく、0.005〜5重量%であるとより好ましい。配合量が0.001重量%未満であると、ホタテ貝焼成粉末と混合しても高い抗菌性が得られないので好ましくなく、反対に、配合量が10重量%を上回るとホタテ貝焼成粉末と混合した場合に、ホタテ貝焼成粉末が析出し易くなるので好ましくない。 The amount of the extract to be blended in the solvent is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.001 to 10% by weight, preferably 0.005 to 5% by weight, in terms of the solid content excluding the extraction solvent. It is more preferable to have it. If the blending amount is less than 0.001% by weight, high antibacterial properties cannot be obtained even when mixed with the scallop calcined powder, which is not preferable. On the contrary, if the blending amount exceeds 10% by weight, the scallop calcined powder is used. When mixed, the calcined scallop powder tends to precipitate, which is not preferable.

一方、本発明の除菌剤を製造する際のホタテ貝焼成粉末と、植物から抽出される植物精油との混合比率は、特に限定されないが、固形分に換算して、植物からの抽出物に対するホタテ貝焼成粉末の質量比を0.5〜2.0の範囲内に調整すると、除菌剤の抗菌性がより高くなるとともに、皮膚への刺激性がより低くなるので好ましい。 On the other hand, the mixing ratio of the calcined scallop powder for producing the disinfectant of the present invention and the plant essential oil extracted from the plant is not particularly limited, but is converted into a solid content with respect to the extract from the plant. Adjusting the mass ratio of the calcined scallop powder to the range of 0.5 to 2.0 is preferable because the antibacterial property of the disinfectant becomes higher and the irritation to the skin becomes lower.

以下、実施例によって本発明に係る除菌剤についてより詳細に説明するが、本発明は、かかる実施例の態様に何ら限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲で、適宜変更することが可能である。また、実施例、比較例における物性、特性の評価方法は以下の通りである。 Hereinafter, the disinfectant according to the present invention will be described in more detail by way of examples, but the present invention is not limited to the aspects of such examples and is appropriately modified without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It is possible to do. The methods for evaluating physical properties and characteristics in Examples and Comparative Examples are as follows.

[抗菌効果試験]
25℃の雰囲気下で、実施例・比較例で得られた除菌剤等 1mL(リットル)を一般細菌を培養したシャーレに滴下し、5分間経過した後の菌の数(生菌数)を測定した。
[Antibacterial effect test]
In an atmosphere of 25 ° C., 1 mL (liter) of the disinfectant, etc. obtained in Examples and Comparative Examples was dropped onto a petri dish in which general bacteria were cultured, and the number of bacteria (viable cell count) after 5 minutes had passed. It was measured.

[実施例1]
<ホタテ貝の焼成>
貝肉部分を食用に供した残りのホタテ貝の貝殻(約100kg)を、塩素入り水槽(塩素濃度約1,000ppm)中に所定の時間(約8時間)浸漬させた。しかる後、それらのホタテ貝の貝殻を太陽光に曝して十分に乾燥させた。しかる後、それらの乾燥後のホタテ貝の貝殻を約1,100℃の温度に設定した炉の内部で約3時間に亘って焼成した。
[Example 1]
<Baking scallops>
The remaining scallop shells (about 100 kg) from which the shell meat portion was edible were immersed in a chlorine-containing water tank (chlorine concentration of about 1,000 ppm) for a predetermined time (about 8 hours). After that, the shells of those scallops were exposed to sunlight and dried sufficiently. After that, the dried scallop shells were calcined in a furnace set to a temperature of about 1,100 ° C. for about 3 hours.

[焼成後のホタテ貝の貝殻の粉砕]
さらに、その焼成後のホタテ貝の貝殻を、そのまま(乾燥状態を保ったまま)、超微粉砕機によって、平均粒径が9μm程度となるように粉砕することによって、ホタテ貝の貝殻の焼成粉末(ホタテ貝焼成粉末)を得た。(かかる粉砕は、35%RHの雰囲気下で行い、粉砕中のホタテ貝の貝殻の水分率が増加しないように配慮した。なお、粉砕後のホタテ貝の貝殻の水分率は、10質量%未満であった。)
[Crushing scallop shells after firing]
Further, the calcined scallop shells are crushed as they are (while maintaining a dry state) with an ultrafine crusher so that the average particle size is about 9 μm, whereby the calcined powder of the scallop shells is obtained. (Baked scallop powder) was obtained. (The crushing was carried out in an atmosphere of 35% RH so that the water content of the scallop shells during crushing did not increase. The water content of the scallop shells after crushing was less than 10% by mass. Met.)

<ホタテ貝焼成粉末溶液の調整>
上記の如く得られたホタテ貝焼成粉末200gを、100L(リットル)の水を入れたドラム形状の精製槽内に添加し、電動式の攪拌機によって約3時間に亘って撹拌した(200mmφの撹拌翼を360rpmの回転速度で回転させた)。さらに、その撹拌後の混合溶液を、約10時間静置した後、溶解せず沈殿したホタテ貝焼成粉末(乾燥質量で20g)、および上澄み(乾燥質量で5g)が混入しないように、静置後の混合溶液の中間に位置した水溶液をポンプにて採取した。しかる後、その水溶液を、フィルター(物理的濾過フィルター)にて濾過することによって、精製後のホタテ貝焼成粉末含有水溶液(混合液)を得た(ホタテ貝焼成粉末濃度≒0.2質量%、以下、基準水溶液という)。
<Preparation of scallop calcined powder solution>
200 g of the scallop calcined powder obtained as described above was added into a drum-shaped refinery tank containing 100 L (liter) of water, and stirred by an electric stirrer for about 3 hours (200 mmφ stirring blade). Was rotated at a rotation speed of 360 rpm). Further, the mixed solution after stirring is allowed to stand for about 10 hours, and then allowed to stand so that the calcined scallop powder (20 g in dry mass) and the supernatant (5 g in dry mass) that have not been dissolved and precipitated are not mixed. An aqueous solution located in the middle of the later mixed solution was collected by a pump. After that, the aqueous solution was filtered through a filter (physical filtration filter) to obtain a purified scallop calcined powder-containing aqueous solution (mixed solution) (scallop calcined powder concentration ≈ 0.2% by mass,). Hereinafter referred to as a reference aqueous solution).

<植物精油の調整>
一方、ラベンダーの葉を乾燥させてから切断・粉砕した後に、それらの切断物、粉砕物を用いて、アルコールを溶媒とした溶媒抽出法によってエキスあるいは成分を抽出した後に、その抽出液を分離精製することによって、固形分濃度(抽出溶剤を除いて固形分に換算した濃度)が0.2%のラベンダー由来の植物精油を調整した(植物精油a)。
<Adjustment of plant essential oil>
On the other hand, after the lavender leaves are dried, cut and crushed, the extract or component is extracted by a solvent extraction method using alcohol as a solvent using the cut and crushed products, and then the extract is separated and purified. By doing so, a lavender-derived plant essential oil having a solid content concentration (concentration converted to solid content excluding the extraction solvent) of 0.2% was prepared (vegetable essential oil a).

<除菌剤の製造>
上記の如く得られたホタテ貝焼成粉末含有水溶液100質量部と、植物精油a100質量部とを常温下で混合することによって除菌剤を得た(除菌剤A)。そして、その除菌剤Aを用いて、上記した抗菌特性、および、皮膚への刺激性(ウサギを用いた皮膚一次刺激性)を評価した。評価結果を除菌剤Aの性状とともに表1に示す。
<Manufacturing of disinfectant>
A sterilizing agent was obtained by mixing 100 parts by mass of the scallop calcined powder-containing aqueous solution obtained as described above and 100 parts by mass of the plant essential oil a at room temperature (sterilizing agent A). Then, using the disinfectant A, the above-mentioned antibacterial properties and skin irritation (primary skin irritation using rabbits) were evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1 together with the properties of the disinfectant A.

[実施例2]
実施例1と同様な方法で得られたラベンダーの切断物、粉砕物を用いて、アルコールを溶媒とした溶媒抽出法によってエキスあるいは成分を抽出した後に、その抽出液を分離精製することによって、固形分濃度が0.5%のラベンダー由来の植物精油を調整した(植物精油b)。さらに、その植物精油b100質量部を実施例1と同様な方法で得られたホタテ貝焼成粉末含有水溶液100質量部と常温下で混合することによって除菌剤を得た(除菌剤B)。そして、その除菌剤Bを用いて、上記した抗菌特性、および、皮膚への刺激性を評価した。評価結果を除菌剤Bの性状とともに表1に示す。
[Example 2]
Using the lavender cuts and pulverized products obtained by the same method as in Example 1, an extract or a component is extracted by a solvent extraction method using alcohol as a solvent, and then the extract is separated and purified to solidify. A lavender-derived plant essential oil having a component concentration of 0.5% was prepared (vegetable essential oil b). Further, 100 parts by mass of the plant essential oil b was mixed with 100 parts by mass of an aqueous solution containing scallop calcined powder obtained by the same method as in Example 1 at room temperature to obtain a sterilizing agent (sterilizing agent B). Then, using the disinfectant B, the above-mentioned antibacterial properties and skin irritation were evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1 together with the properties of the disinfectant B.

[実施例3]
実施例1と同様な方法で得られたラベンダーの切断物、粉砕物を用いて、アルコールを溶媒とした溶媒抽出法によってエキスあるいは成分を抽出した後に、その抽出液を分離精製することによって、固形分濃度が1.0%のラベンダー由来の植物精油を調整した(植物精油c)。さらに、その植物精油c100質量部を実施例1と同様な方法で得られたホタテ貝焼成粉末含有水溶液100質量部と常温下で混合することによって除菌剤を得た(除菌剤C)。そして、その除菌剤Cを用いて、上記した抗菌特性、および、皮膚への刺激性を評価した。評価結果を除菌剤Cの性状とともに表1に示す。
[Example 3]
Using the lavender cuts and pulverized products obtained by the same method as in Example 1, an extract or a component is extracted by a solvent extraction method using alcohol as a solvent, and then the extract is separated and purified to solidify. A lavender-derived plant essential oil having a fraction concentration of 1.0% was prepared (vegetable essential oil c). Further, 100 parts by mass of the plant essential oil c was mixed with 100 parts by mass of an aqueous solution containing scallop calcined powder obtained by the same method as in Example 1 at room temperature to obtain a sterilizing agent (sterilizing agent C). Then, using the disinfectant C, the above-mentioned antibacterial properties and skin irritation were evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1 together with the properties of the disinfectant C.

[実施例4〜6]
植物精油aとホタテ貝焼成粉末含有水溶液とを混合する際に、ホタテ貝焼成粉末含有水溶液を2倍に希釈して用いた(すなわち、ホタテ貝焼成粉末濃度≒0.1質量%)。それ以外は、それぞれ実施例1〜3と同様にして、3種類の除菌剤を得た(除菌剤D〜F)。そして、それらの除菌剤D〜Fを用いて、上記した抗菌特性、および、皮膚への刺激性を評価した。評価結果を除菌剤D〜Fの性状とともに表1に示す。
[Examples 4 to 6]
When the vegetable essential oil a and the scallop calcined powder-containing aqueous solution were mixed, the scallop calcined powder-containing aqueous solution was diluted 2-fold and used (that is, the scallop calcined powder concentration ≈0.1% by mass). Other than that, three kinds of disinfectants were obtained in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3 (disinfectants D to F). Then, using those disinfectants D to F, the above-mentioned antibacterial properties and skin irritation were evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1 together with the properties of the disinfectants D to F.

[実施例7〜9]
植物精油aとホタテ貝焼成粉末含有水溶液とを混合する際に、ホタテ貝焼成粉末含有水溶液を10倍に希釈して用いた(すなわち、ホタテ貝焼成粉末濃度≒0.02質量%)。それ以外は、それぞれ実施例1と同様にして、3種類の除菌剤を得た(除菌剤G〜I)。そして、それらの除菌剤G〜Iを用いて、上記した抗菌特性、および、皮膚への刺激性を評価した。評価結果を除菌剤G〜Iの性状とともに表1に示す。
[Examples 7 to 9]
When the vegetable essential oil a and the scallop calcined powder-containing aqueous solution were mixed, the scallop calcined powder-containing aqueous solution was diluted 10-fold and used (that is, the scallop calcined powder concentration ≈ 0.02% by mass). Other than that, three kinds of disinfectants were obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 (disinfectants GI). Then, using those disinfectants GI, the above-mentioned antibacterial properties and skin irritation were evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1 together with the properties of the disinfectants GI.

[比較例1〜3]
除菌剤を製造する際に、ホタテ貝焼成粉末含有水溶液100質量部の代わりに水(精製水)100質量部を混合した以外は、それぞれ実施例1〜3と同様にして、3種類の除菌剤を得た(除菌剤J〜L)。そして、それらの除菌剤J〜Lを用いて、上記した抗菌特性、および、皮膚への刺激性を評価した。評価結果を除菌剤J〜Lの性状とともに表1に示す。
[Comparative Examples 1 to 3]
When producing the disinfectant, three types of disinfectants were removed in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 3 except that 100 parts by mass of water (purified water) was mixed instead of 100 parts by mass of the aqueous solution containing scallop fired powder. Bacterial agents were obtained (disinfectants J to L). Then, using those disinfectants J to L, the above-mentioned antibacterial properties and skin irritation were evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1 together with the properties of the disinfectants J to L.

[参考例1〜3]
実施例1と同様な方法で得られたホタテ貝焼成粉末含有水溶液(ホタテ貝焼成粉末濃度≒0.2質量%の基準水溶液)、その基準水溶液を2倍に希釈したもの(ホタテ貝焼成粉末濃度≒0.1質量%)、および基準水溶液を10倍に希釈したもの(ホタテ貝焼成粉末濃度≒0.02質量%)の3種類のホタテ貝焼成粉末含有水溶液を用いて、上記した抗菌特性、および、皮膚への刺激性を評価した。評価結果をホタテ貝焼成粉末含有水溶液の性状とともに表1に示す。
[Reference Examples 1 to 3]
An aqueous solution containing scallop calcined powder (concentration of scallop calcined powder ≈ 0.2% by mass as a reference aqueous solution) obtained by the same method as in Example 1, and a 2-fold dilution of the reference aqueous solution (concentration of calcined scallop powder). ≈0.1% by mass), and 10-fold diluted reference aqueous solution (concentration of scallop calcined powder ≈0.02% by mass), using three types of scallop calcined powder-containing aqueous solutions, the above antibacterial properties. And the irritation to the skin was evaluated. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1 together with the properties of the scallop calcined powder-containing aqueous solution.

Figure 0006924475
Figure 0006924475

表1から、実施例1〜9の除菌剤は、比較例1〜3の除菌剤に比べて、高い抗菌性を発現させる(短時間で菌を減少させる)ことが分かる。また、実施例1〜9の除菌剤は、ホタテ貝焼成粉末含有水溶液を単独で使用した場合に比べても、高い抗菌性を発現させることが分かる。 From Table 1, it can be seen that the disinfectants of Examples 1 to 9 exhibit higher antibacterial properties (reduce bacteria in a short time) as compared with the disinfectants of Comparative Examples 1 to 3. Further, it can be seen that the disinfectants of Examples 1 to 9 exhibit high antibacterial properties as compared with the case where the scallop calcined powder-containing aqueous solution is used alone.

本発明に係る除菌剤は、上記の如く優れた効果を奏するものであるので、抗菌性が高く皮膚への刺激が少ない消毒液等として好適に用いることができる。 Since the disinfectant according to the present invention exerts an excellent effect as described above, it can be suitably used as a disinfectant solution having high antibacterial properties and less irritation to the skin.

Claims (1)

ホタテ貝の貝殻を焼成した後に粉砕して得られるホタテ貝焼成粉末と、植物から抽出される植物精油とを混合してなる除菌剤の製造方法であって、
前記植物精油が、ラベンダーから抽出されるものであり、
ホタテ貝焼成粉末を水に対して0.01質量%以上5.0質量%以下の割合で混合させてなる混合溶液を静置した後に、溶解せず沈殿したホタテ貝の貝殻の焼成粉末および上澄みが混入しないように、静置後の混合溶液の中間に位置した水溶液を採取するとともに、
前記水溶液と、アルコールを溶媒とした溶媒抽出法によってラベンダーのエキスあるいは成分を抽出した抽出液を分離精製してなる植物精油とを、ラベンダーの抽出物に対するホタテ貝焼成粉末の固形分に換算した質量比が0.5〜2.0の範囲になるように配合して混合することを特徴とする除菌剤の製造方法。
A method for producing a disinfectant, which is obtained by mixing calcined scallop powder obtained by calcining scallop shells and then crushing them with plant essential oil extracted from plants.
The plant essential oil is extracted from lavender and
A mixed solution prepared by mixing calcined scallop powder in a ratio of 0.01% by mass or more and 5.0% by mass or less with water was allowed to stand, and then the calcined powder and supernatant of scallop shell that precipitated without being dissolved. In addition to collecting the aqueous solution located in the middle of the mixed solution after standing, to prevent contamination with
The mass of the aqueous solution and the plant essential oil obtained by separating and purifying the lavender extract or the extract obtained by extracting the components by a solvent extraction method using alcohol as a solvent, converted into the solid content of the scallop calcined powder with respect to the lavender extract. A method for producing a disinfectant, which comprises blending and mixing so that the ratio is in the range of 0.5 to 2.0.
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