JP6875114B2 - Hydrogen production method - Google Patents
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- JP6875114B2 JP6875114B2 JP2016237353A JP2016237353A JP6875114B2 JP 6875114 B2 JP6875114 B2 JP 6875114B2 JP 2016237353 A JP2016237353 A JP 2016237353A JP 2016237353 A JP2016237353 A JP 2016237353A JP 6875114 B2 JP6875114 B2 JP 6875114B2
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 28
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims description 27
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 27
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 210000002268 wool Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 8
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 4
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000938 samarium–cobalt magnet Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/36—Hydrogen production from non-carbon containing sources, e.g. by water electrolysis
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- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
Description
本発明は、水を電気分解することによって水素を得る水素の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for producing hydrogen, which obtains hydrogen by electrolyzing water.
近年、燃料電池技術などの展開によって水素の需要が急激に高まってきている。現在、工業的な水素の製造は、主に炭化水素を水蒸気改質したり部分酸化したりする炭化水素ガス分解法によって行われている。 In recent years, the demand for hydrogen has been rapidly increasing due to the development of fuel cell technology and the like. Currently, industrial hydrogen production is mainly carried out by a hydrocarbon gas decomposition method in which hydrocarbons are steam reformed or partially oxidized.
最近では、風力発電や太陽光発電などの自然エネルギーによって発生させた電力によって水を電気分解し、もって水素（及び酸素）を製造する手段も提案されている（例えば、下記特許文献１、２参照。）。
Recently, a means for producing hydrogen (and oxygen) by electrolyzing water with electric power generated by natural energy such as wind power generation and solar power generation has been proposed (see, for example,
しかしながら、不安定要素が多い自然エネルギーを利用した電気分解では、安定的な水素の製造・供給を担保することができない。又、電気分解により水素を製造するためには、電気抵抗値が高い水に電流を通す必要があるため、電極間電圧を高くしたり、電解槽を電極間距離が短い比較的小型のものとしたりする必要がある。そのため、電気分解による大量の水素の製造は困難とされていた。 However, stable hydrogen production and supply cannot be guaranteed by electrolysis using natural energy, which has many unstable elements. Further, in order to produce hydrogen by electrolysis, it is necessary to pass an electric current through water having a high electric resistance value, so that the voltage between the electrodes is increased or the electrolytic cell is made relatively small with a short distance between the electrodes. I need to do it. Therefore, it has been difficult to produce a large amount of hydrogen by electrolysis.
本発明は、前記技術的課題を解決するために開発されたものであって、電気分解により効率良く水素を得るための新規な水素の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been developed to solve the above technical problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a novel method for producing hydrogen for efficiently obtaining hydrogen by electrolysis.
前記技術的課題を解決するための本発明の水素の製造方法は、水を電気分解することによって水素を得る水素の製造方法であって、電解槽に貯められた水中に強磁性体を配し、前記強磁性体に磁場をかけながら電気分解を行うことを特徴とする（以下、「本発明製造方法」と称する。）。 The method for producing hydrogen of the present invention for solving the above technical problem is a method for producing hydrogen in which hydrogen is obtained by electrolyzing water, and a ferromagnetic material is arranged in water stored in an electrolytic cell. , The above-mentioned ferromagnetic material is electrolyzed while applying a magnetic field (hereinafter, referred to as "the production method of the present invention").
本発明製造方法においては、前記強磁性体として鉄を用いることが好ましい態様となる。 In the production method of the present invention, it is preferable to use iron as the ferromagnet.
本発明製造方法においては、前記強磁性体に永久磁石を接触させることによって、前記強磁性体に磁場をかけることが好ましい態様となる。 In the manufacturing method of the present invention, it is preferable to apply a magnetic field to the ferromagnet by bringing a permanent magnet into contact with the ferromagnet.
前記本発明製造方法によれば、電気分解により効率良く水素を得ることができる。 According to the production method of the present invention, hydrogen can be efficiently obtained by electrolysis.
以下、本発明の実施形態を説明するが、本発明はこの実施形態に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this embodiment.
＜実施形態＞
図１に、本発明製造方法を実行するための装置１を示す。本発明製造方法では、電解槽２に貯められた水中に強磁性体１０を配し、前記強磁性体１０に磁場をかけながら電気分解を行う。本実施形態においては、水に接触させた電極（陽極３Ｐ、陰極３Ｎ）３間に電圧をかけることによって電気分解を行った。
<Embodiment>
FIG. 1 shows an
図２(ａ)、（ｂ）に、本実施形態において用いた前記強磁性体１０を示す。前記強磁性体１０は、鉄製のパンチングメタルを箱型に成形した容器１１と、前記容器１１内の空間を占有するようにして配したスチールウール１２と、を具備する。本発明製造方法を実行するにあたり、前記強磁性体１０は、前記電解槽２に貯められた水中に配される。この際、前記強磁性体１０は、前記陽極３Ｐと前記陰極３Ｎ間に配することが好ましい。
2 (a) and 2 (b) show the
又、本発明製造方法を実行するにあたっては、前記強磁性体１０に磁場をかける。本実施形態においては、前記強磁性体１０の容器１１内壁に複数個の磁石Ｍを接触させる（張り付ける）ことによって、前記強磁性体１０（容器１１及びスチールウール１２）に磁場をかけた。
Further, in executing the manufacturing method of the present invention, a magnetic field is applied to the
[実施例１]
前記構成を有する装置１を用い、下記条件にて、本発明製造方法を実行した。
‐条件‐
電解槽２：３３０×３３０×２５０ｍｍ（＝０．０２７ｍ３）
電極３：ステンレス電極（陰極３Ｎ）、炭素電極（陽極３Ｐ）
電極間距離：２００ｍｍ
印加電圧：２４Ｖ
強磁性体１０：容器１１のサイズ（１１０×１５０×２６０ｍｍ）
磁石Ｍ：フェライト磁石（磁束密度０．３Ｔ）×１２個
水：０．２％水酸化カリウム水溶液（１２．４５リットル、水温２７℃）
[Example 1]
The production method of the present invention was carried out under the following conditions using the
-conditions-
Electrolytic cell 2: 330 x 330 x 250 mm (= 0.027 m 3 )
Electrode 3: Stainless steel electrode (
Distance between electrodes: 200 mm
Applied voltage: 24V
Ferromagnet 10: Size of container 11 (110 x 150 x 260 mm)
Magnet M: Ferrite magnet (magnetic flux density 0.3T) x 12 Water: 0.2% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution (12.45 liters, water temperature 27 ° C)
[比較例１]
電解槽２内に強磁性体１０を配置しなかった以外は、前記実施例１と同様にして電気分解を行った。
[Comparative Example 1]
Electrolysis was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the
[比較例２]
前記強磁性体１０から磁石Ｍを取り外し、前記強磁性体１０のみを前記電解槽２内に配置した以外は、前記実施例１と同様にして電気分解を行った。
前記実施例１及び比較例の双方につき６０分の電気分解を行った結果を下記表１に示す。
[Comparative Example 2]
Electrolysis was carried out in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the magnet M was removed from the
The results of 60 minutes of electrolysis in both Example 1 and Comparative Example are shown in Table 1 below.
表１に示す結果から解るように、電解槽２内に配した強磁性体１０に磁場をかけながら電気分解する実施例１は、比較例１や比較例２と同じ電圧を印加したにもかかわらず、電解槽２中を流れる電流の値が大きくなっており、結果として発生する水素の量が多くなることが確認された。これより、本発明製造方法によれば、電気分解により効率よく水素を得ることができることが認められた。
As can be seen from the results shown in Table 1, in Example 1 in which the
[実施例２]
‐条件‐
電解槽２：１２００×７００×１０００ｍｍ（＝０．８４ｍ３）
電極３：炭素電極（陽極３Ｐ、陰極３Ｎ）
電極間距離：１０００ｍｍ
印加電圧：２０〜４２．８Ｖ
入力電流：４２〜１１０Ａ
強磁性体１０：容器１１のサイズ（１５０×６００×５００ｍｍ）
磁石Ｍ：フェライト磁石（磁束密度０．３Ｔ）×３６個
水：０．２％水酸化カリウム水溶液（８００リットル、水温４５℃）
[Example 2]
-conditions-
Electrolytic cell 2: 1200 x 700 x 1000 mm (= 0.84 m 3 )
Electrode 3: Carbon electrode (
Distance between electrodes: 1000 mm
Applied voltage: 20-42.8V
Input current: 42 to 110A
Ferromagnet 10: Size of container 11 (150 x 600 x 500 mm)
Magnet M: Ferrite magnet (magnetic flux density 0.3T) x 36 Water: 0.2% potassium hydroxide aqueous solution (800 liters, water temperature 45 ° C)
前記条件にて、本発明製造方法を実行した際、前記強磁性体１０に流れる電流（強磁性体内部電流）を測定した結果を下記表２に示す。
Table 2 below shows the results of measuring the current (internal current of the ferromagnet) flowing through the
表２に示す結果から解るように、電解槽２内を流れる電流の８５％以上が、強磁性体１０内を流れていることが確認された。即ち、本発明製造方法の実行中、磁場をかけられた強磁性体１０内を電流が流れ得ることから、電解槽２中に存する水のみかけの電気抵抗値が相対的に下げられ、結果として、発生する水素の量が増加していると考えられる。
As can be seen from the results shown in Table 2, it was confirmed that 85% or more of the current flowing in the
なお、本実施形態においては、強磁性体１０として、鉄製の容器１１及びスチールウール１２を用いているが、強磁性体１０としてコバルトやニッケルなどの他の素材を用いて本発明製造方法を実行しても、同様の結果が得られることが確認されている。本発明において、「強磁性体」とは、隣り合うスピンが同一の方向を向いて整列し、全体として大きな磁気モーメントを有する金属材料を意味し、例えば、鉄系金属（鉄、及び鉄を母材とする合金）、コバルト系金属（コバルト、及びコバルトを母材とする合金）、及びニッケル系金属（ニッケル、及びニッケルを母材とする合金）等を挙げることができる。
In the present embodiment, the
又、本発明製造方法においては、前記強磁性体１０のサイズが大きくなるにつれ、又、かける磁場が大きくなるにつれ、電解槽２内のみかけの電気抵抗値が下がり、より水素の発生が効率良くなることが確認されている。前記強磁性体１０のサイズは、電極間距離に応じて８０％〜９５％程度とすることが好ましく、かける磁場については、０．１Ｔ以上とすることが好ましい。
Further, in the production method of the present invention, as the size of the
更に、前記強磁性体１０に磁場をかける手段（磁石Ｍ）についても特に限定されるものではなく、フェライト磁石、サマリウムコバルト磁石、ネオジウム磁石等の永久磁石の他、電磁石を用いることもできる。 Further, the means for applying a magnetic field to the ferromagnetic material 10 (magnet M) is not particularly limited, and an electromagnet can be used in addition to a permanent magnet such as a ferrite magnet, a samarium-cobalt magnet, or a neodium magnet.
ところで、本発明製造方法における「水」とは、純水のみを意味するのではなく、電解質を溶かした水溶液等も「水」の範疇に入る。 By the way, "water" in the production method of the present invention does not mean only pure water, but also an aqueous solution in which an electrolyte is dissolved falls into the category of "water".
なお、本発明は、その精神または主要な特徴から逸脱することなく、他のいろいろな形で実施することができる。そのため、上述の実施例はあらゆる点で単なる例示にすぎず、限定的に解釈してはならない。本発明の範囲は特許請求の範囲によって示すものであって、明細書本文には、なんら拘束されない。さらに、特許請求の範囲の均等範囲に属する変形や変更は、全て本発明の範囲内のものである。 It should be noted that the present invention can be practiced in various other forms without departing from its spirit or key features. Therefore, the above examples are merely exemplary in all respects and should not be construed in a limited way. The scope of the present invention is shown by the scope of claims, and is not bound by the text of the specification. Furthermore, all modifications and modifications that fall within the equivalent scope of the claims are within the scope of the present invention.
本発明は、電気分解にて水素を得る手段として好適に用いることができる。 The present invention can be suitably used as a means for obtaining hydrogen by electrolysis.
１ 装置
２ 電解槽
３ 電極
１０ 強磁性体
１１ 容器
１２ スチールウール
Ｍ 磁石
1
Claims (3)
電解槽に貯められた水中に強磁性体を陽極又は陰極のいずれの電極とも非接触の状態で配し、前記強磁性体に接触させた永久磁石による磁場をかけながら電気分解を行うことを特徴とする水素の製造方法。 A method for producing hydrogen that obtains hydrogen by electrolyzing water.
A feature is that a ferromagnet is placed in water stored in an electrolytic cell in a non-contact state with either an electrode or a cathode electrode, and electrolysis is performed while applying a magnetic field with a permanent magnet in contact with the ferromagnet. The method of producing hydrogen.
陽極と陰極との間に前記強磁性体を配する水素の製造方法。 In the method for producing hydrogen according to claim 1,
A method for producing hydrogen in which the ferromagnet is arranged between an anode and a cathode.
前記強磁性体からなる箱体内にスチールウールを内在させる水素製造方法。 In the method for producing hydrogen according to claim 1 or 2.
A method for producing hydrogen in which steel wool is contained in a box made of the ferromagnet.
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| JPS60262986A (en) * | 1984-06-08 | 1985-12-26 | Miyazawa Seisakusho:Kk | Simultaneous forming apparatus of gaseous oxygen and hydrogen |
| JPH01275788A (en) * | 1988-04-28 | 1989-11-06 | Ishii Sangyo Kk | Method and apparatus for electrolysis of water by action of magnetic field |
| WO1995006144A1 (en) * | 1993-08-27 | 1995-03-02 | OSHIDA, Hisako +hf | Water electrolyzing method and apparatus |
| JP2003112042A (en) * | 2001-10-03 | 2003-04-15 | Ebara Jitsugyo Co Ltd | Electrochemical apparatus and process |
| JP2006022398A (en) * | 2004-07-06 | 2006-01-26 | Nezugaseki Saiseki Kogyo Kk | Apparatus for producing oxygen and hydrogen in water |
| JP2009167514A (en) * | 2008-01-11 | 2009-07-30 | Success Life Kk | Generation apparatus of gaseous hydrogen and gaseous oxygen by electropulse cracking reaction |
| US20120097550A1 (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2012-04-26 | Lockhart Michael D | Methods for enhancing water electrolysis |
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