JP6845304B2 - 透過度可変フィルム - Google Patents
透過度可変フィルム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6845304B2 JP6845304B2 JP2019506727A JP2019506727A JP6845304B2 JP 6845304 B2 JP6845304 B2 JP 6845304B2 JP 2019506727 A JP2019506727 A JP 2019506727A JP 2019506727 A JP2019506727 A JP 2019506727A JP 6845304 B2 JP6845304 B2 JP 6845304B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- liquid crystal
- film
- alignment film
- crystal alignment
- substrate
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
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- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/02—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light
- G02B26/026—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light based on the rotation of particles under the influence of an external field, e.g. gyricons, twisting ball displays
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
- G02B26/02—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the intensity of light
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- G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
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- G02B5/30—Polarising elements
- G02B5/3083—Birefringent or phase retarding elements
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/13378—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation
- G02F1/133788—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by treatment of the surface, e.g. embossing, rubbing or light irradiation by light irradiation, e.g. linearly polarised light photo-polymerisation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1339—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells
- G02F1/13392—Gaskets; Spacers; Sealing of cells spacers dispersed on the cell substrate, e.g. spherical particles, microfibres
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13718—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a change of the texture state of a cholesteric liquid crystal
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13725—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on guest-host interaction
-
- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/137—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering
- G02F1/13731—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition
- G02F1/13737—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells characterised by the electro-optical or magneto-optical effect, e.g. field-induced phase transition, orientation effect, guest-host interaction or dynamic scattering based on a field-induced phase transition in liquid crystals doped with a pleochroic dye
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
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- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
- G02F1/1333—Constructional arrangements; Manufacturing methods
- G02F1/1337—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers
- G02F1/133711—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films
- G02F1/133715—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films by first depositing a monomer
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- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G02F1/133726—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers by organic films, e.g. polymeric films made of a mesogenic material
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- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G02F1/13373—Disclination line; Reverse tilt
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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- G02F1/133738—Surface-induced orientation of the liquid crystal molecules, e.g. by alignment layers for homogeneous alignment
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
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- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/13—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on liquid crystals, e.g. single liquid crystal display cells
- G02F1/133—Constructional arrangements; Operation of liquid crystal cells; Circuit arrangements
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Description
本願は、2016年10月28日に出願された大韓民国特許出願第10−2016−0141785号及び2017年10月18日に出願された韓国特許出願第10−2017−0134946号に基づく優先権の利益を主張し、該当韓国特許出願の文献に開示されたすべての内容は本明細書の一部として組み入れるものとする。
[第1非液晶配向膜組成物の製造]
20mlのバイアル(vial)に、溶媒(シクロヘキサノン)9.675gと光配向性物質(5‐ノボネン‐2‐メチル‐4‐メトキシシンナマート)0.325g及びナノ粒子(PMMA、SEKISUI社、平均粒径:370nm)0.01gを添加した後に混合して、第1非液晶配向膜組成物を製造した。
20mlのバイアル(vial)に、溶媒(シクロヘキサノン)9.675gと光配向性物質(5‐ノボネン‐2‐メチル‐4‐メトキシシンナマート)0.065gとボールスペーサ(KBN‐510、SEKISUI、平均粒径:10μm)0.1gを添加した後に混合して、ボールスペーサ組成物を製造した。
第1電極フィルム(PC/ITOフィルム、横×縦=100mm×100mm)のITO層上に、第1非液晶配向膜組成物をmayer bar(#4)を利用して約300nmの厚さでコーティングした。前記コーティングされた組成物を約80℃で約2分間乾燥した。前記乾燥された組成物を、常温(25±5℃)で200mW/cm2強度の偏光紫外線を10秒間垂直で(0゜)照射して硬化させて、第1非液晶配向膜を形成した。以後、前記第1非液晶配向膜上に前記ボールスペーサ組成物をmayer bar(#10)を利用して乾燥させた後、約60nmの厚さでコーティングした。前記コーティングされた組成物は、約100℃で約2分間乾燥させた。前記乾燥した組成物に約200mW/cm2強度の偏光紫外線を10秒間垂直で(0゜)照射して、前記第1非液晶配向膜上にボールスペーサを固着させて第1基板を製作した。
20mlのバイアル(vial)に、溶媒(シクロヘキサノン)9.675gと光配向性物質(5‐ノボネン‐2‐メチル‐4‐メトキシシンナマート)0.325gを添加した後に混合して、第2非液晶配向膜組成物を製造した。
第2電極フィルム(PC/ITOフィルム、横×縦=100mm×100mm)のITO層上に、第2非液晶配向膜組成物をmayer bar(#4)を利用して乾燥させた後、約300nmの厚さでコーティングした。前記コーティングされた組成物は、約80℃で約2分間乾燥させた。前記乾燥した組成物を、常温(25±5℃)で200mW/cm2強度の偏光紫外線を10秒間垂直で(0゜)照射して硬化させて、第2非液晶配向膜を形成した。以後、前記第2非液晶配向膜上に、トルエンに25重量%で溶解されたスプレイ配向性液晶混合物(商品名:RMM667、製造社:MERCK社)をmayer bar(#4)を利用して塗布して、液晶配向膜を形成した。以後、前記液晶配向膜を80℃のオーブンにて2分間乾燥させた。乾燥させた後、40℃で300mW/cm2強度の紫外線を約10秒間照射して硬化させて、1000nm厚さで液晶配向膜が形成された第2基板を製作した。
第1基板の第1非液晶配向膜上に、positive液晶及びアゾ系染料を含む透過度可変液晶層用組成物(MDA‐14‐4145、Merck社)1gを塗布した後、第2非液晶配向膜が前記ボールスペーサに接するように第2基板を合紙して、図2のように、液晶セルを製作した。
第2非液晶配向膜組成物のコーティング時に、乾燥後の硬化温度を60℃に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同一の方法で液晶セルを製作した。
[第1基板の製作]
第2非液晶配向膜組成物のコーティング時に、乾燥後の硬化温度を80℃に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同一の方法で第1基板を製作した。
第2非液晶配向膜組成物のコーティング時に、乾燥後の硬化温度を80℃に変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同一の方法で第2基板を製作した。
第1基板の第2非液晶配向膜上に、アゾ系染料(X12、Basf社)100mgとnegative液晶組成物(MAT‐13‐1422、Merck社)1gを混合した透過度可変液晶層用溶液とボールスペーサ(KBN‐510、SEKISUI社)を塗布した後、前記第1基板を第2基板と合紙して、図3のように、液晶セルを製作した。
第2基板の製作時にスプレイ配向性液晶混合物の代わりに水平配向性液晶混合物(RMM1290、Merck社)を使用したこと以外は、実施例1と同一の方法で液晶セルを製作した。
実施例1〜実施例3及び比較例の第2基板の第2非液晶配向膜に対して傾斜角(Tilt angle)を測定し、その平均値を下記表1に記載した。前記第2基板の第2非液晶配向膜の傾斜角は、Axometics社のAxoscan装備を利用して角度別に位相差値を測定してシミュレーションすることで測定し、その平均値を計算した。具体的に、前記第2基板の第2非液晶配向膜を製作した後、60゜から−60゜まで1゜間隔で位相差を測定した後、Fittingシミュレーションを通じて傾斜角を測定して、その平均値を計算した。
実施例1、実施例2及び比較例の液晶セルの均一駆動の可否を評価した。具体的に、3Vの低電圧駆動で液晶が発現するリバースチルトドメイン(reverse tilt domain)、すなわち、液晶分子がチルト時に相違である方向を有している領域のサイズを顕微鏡で測定する方式で評価した。
初期垂直配向を示す実施例3の液晶セルに対して、400nm〜700nm波長で駆動電圧の印加による平均透過率を測定して、その結果を下記表2及び図7に示した。電圧の非印加時(0V)、約26.6%の透過率のクリアモードを示したのであり、約20Vの電圧の印加時、約4.52%の透過率のダークモードにスイッチングされた。これを通じて、第2非液晶配向膜の平均傾斜角を45゜程度に高くする場合、垂直配向が可能であることが分かった。
実施例3の液晶セルに対して、400nm〜700nm波長で視野角による平均透過率を測定して、その結果を図8に示した。具体的に、方位角90゜で電圧の非印加(0V)時の視野角(Polar Angle)による透過率を測定した。測定の結果、垂直配向が十分に行われることを確認した。
110:第1電極フィルム
120:第1非液晶配向膜
121:硬化物
130:液晶配向膜
200:第2基板
210:第2電極フィルム
220:第2非液晶配向膜
230:液晶配向膜
300:透過度可変液晶層
301:ボールスペーサ
302:液晶分子
Claims (9)
- 第1基板、透過度可変液晶層及び第2基板を順次に含み、
前記第1基板及び第2基板のうち一つ以上はスプレイ配向された液晶を含む液晶配向膜を含み、
前記第1基板は第1非液晶配向膜を含み、前記第2基板は第2非液晶配向膜を含み、
前記第1非液晶配向膜及び/または前記第2非液晶配向膜の硬化温度は20℃〜70℃であり、
前記液晶配向膜の平均傾斜角は、0.2度〜20度であり、前記透過度可変液晶層は、電圧の未印加時に水平配向を有し、
前記液晶配向膜の厚さは、300nm〜3000nmであることを特徴とする透過度可変フィルム。 - 第1基板及び第2基板のうちいずれか一つが液晶配向膜を有することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の透過度可変フィルム。
- 第1基板及び第2基板は、いずれも液晶配向膜を有することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の透過度可変フィルム。
- 前記透過度可変液晶層は、非反応性液晶及び二色性染料を含むことを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか一項に記載の透過度可変フィルム。
- 前記スプレイ配向された液晶は、反応性液晶であることを特徴とする請求項1から4のいずれか一項に記載の透過度可変フィルム。
- 前記第1基板は第1電極フィルムをさらに含み、前記第2基板は第2電極フィルムをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1から5のいずれか一項に記載の透過度可変フィルム。
- 前記第1及び第2非液晶配向膜は、各々光配向膜であることを特徴とする請求項1から6のいずれか一項に記載の透過度可変フィルム。
- 前記第1基板と第2基板との間にボールスペーサをさらに含むことを特徴とする請求項1から7のいずれか一項に記載の透過度可変フィルム。
- 前記透過度可変液晶層のリバースチルトドメインのサイズは、80μm以下であることを特徴とする請求項1から8のいずれか一項に記載の透過度可変フィルム。
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