JP6841265B2 - Rice transplanter - Google Patents
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- JP6841265B2 JP6841265B2 JP2018105168A JP2018105168A JP6841265B2 JP 6841265 B2 JP6841265 B2 JP 6841265B2 JP 2018105168 A JP2018105168 A JP 2018105168A JP 2018105168 A JP2018105168 A JP 2018105168A JP 6841265 B2 JP6841265 B2 JP 6841265B2
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Description
本発明は、玉葱やレタス等の野菜苗や、種芋等を圃場に移植する移植機に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a transplanter for transplanting vegetable seedlings such as onions and lettuce, and seed potatoes to a field.
従来、複数の苗収容体が周回移動する苗供給装置から供給される苗を植え付ける苗移植機であって、左右に二条植え可能な移植機が知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。 Conventionally, a seedling transplanter for planting seedlings supplied from a seedling supply device in which a plurality of seedling containers move around is known, and a transplanter capable of double-row planting on the left and right (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
この移植機は、車速伝動を切り替える変速装置と、ミッションケース内の第1株間変速ギア機構及び第2の株間変速ギア機構の切替により、苗の植付の前後間隔、所謂株間を多段階に設定する機構を備えており、作物の品種や栽培地域等の条件に合わせて、適切な株間を設定するものである。 This transplanter sets the front-rear interval for planting seedlings, so-called inter-strain spacing, in multiple stages by switching the transmission that switches the vehicle speed transmission and the first inter-strain transmission gear mechanism and the second inter-strain transmission gear mechanism in the mission case. It is equipped with a mechanism to set the appropriate stock spacing according to the conditions such as the variety of crops and the cultivation area.
上記の変速装置、第1及び第2の株間変速ギア機構は、各々切替レバーを備えており、これらのレバーを各々操作して、任意の株間を設定する。 The above-mentioned transmission and the first and second inter-stock transmission gear mechanisms each include a switching lever, and each of these levers is operated to set an arbitrary inter-strain spacing.
しかしながら、上記の移植機では、第1及び第2の株間変速ギア機構を異なる切替レバーで操作していることにより、一方の切替レバーを操作して他方の操作を忘れる、あるいは一方の切替レバーだけを2回操作するなどの誤操作により、作業者が設定しようとしていた株間とは異なる株間が設定されてしまう問題がある。 However, in the above-mentioned transplanter, by operating the first and second inter-stock transmission gear mechanisms with different switching levers, one switching lever is operated and the other operation is forgotten, or only one switching lever is operated. There is a problem that a stock spacing different from the stock spacing that the worker was trying to set is set due to an erroneous operation such as operating the above twice.
異なる株間で苗が植え付けられ、この株間が狭すぎると、作物同士が養分や水分を取り合って生育不良になることや、病害虫が作物間で広まって枯れてしまい、収穫物の品質低下や、収穫量が減少する問題がある。 Seedlings are planted between different strains, and if the spacing is too narrow, the crops will compete for nutrients and water and grow poorly, and pests will spread between the crops and die, resulting in poor quality of the crop and harvesting. There is a problem that the amount decreases.
また、作業条当たりの苗の消費量が増加するので、予定していた量の苗では不足が生じ、圃場に無駄な空きスペースが発生する問題がある。 In addition, since the consumption of seedlings per work strip increases, there is a problem that the planned amount of seedlings is insufficient and wasteful empty space is generated in the field.
一方、株間が広すぎると、作業条に予定していた数の苗が植え付けられず、苗が余り、圃場に余裕が無ければ植え付けもできず、廃棄する苗が発生して余分なコストを消費する問題がある。 On the other hand, if the space between the plants is too wide, the planned number of seedlings cannot be planted in the work line, there are too many seedlings, and if there is not enough space in the field, it cannot be planted, and seedlings to be discarded are generated, which consumes extra cost. There is a problem to do.
また、切替レバーの数が増えると機体を構成する部品数が増加し、重量の増加や構成が複雑化する問題がある。 Further, as the number of switching levers increases, the number of parts constituting the machine body increases, and there is a problem that the weight increases and the configuration becomes complicated.
さらに、切替レバーごとの操作に必要なスペースの確保が必要となり、機体レイアウトの自由度が低下する問題がある。 Further, it is necessary to secure the space required for the operation of each switching lever, and there is a problem that the degree of freedom of the aircraft layout is reduced.
本発明は、上記した従来の苗移植機の課題を考慮して、苗供給装置から苗植付具への移植対象物の受け渡しを安定して適正に行える移植機を提供することを目的とする。 It is an object of the present invention to provide a transplanter capable of stably and appropriately delivering an object to be transplanted from a seedling supply device to a seedling planting tool in consideration of the above-mentioned problems of the conventional seedling transplanter. ..
上記課題を解決するために、次のような技術的手段を講じた。 In order to solve the above problems, the following technical measures were taken.
すなわち、請求項1に係る発明は、走行車体(40)に苗を供給する苗供給装置(43)と、該苗供給装置(43)から苗を受けて圃場に植え付ける植付装置(42)と、該植付装置(42)が苗を植え付ける間隔を変更する株間切替機構(100)と、該株間切替機構(100)を操作する株間切替部材(170)を備える移植機において、該株間切替機構(100)は、大きく株間を増減させる第1切替機構(110)と、小さく株間を増減させる第2切替機構(120)で構成し、前記株間切替部材(100)は、第1切替機構(110)を切替操作する第1操作方向(X)と、第2切替機構(120)を切替操作する第2操作方向(Y)に操作可能に設けることを特徴とする移植機とした。 That is, the invention according to claim 1 is a seedling supply device (43) that supplies seedlings to a traveling vehicle body (40), and a planting device (42) that receives seedlings from the seedling supply device (43) and plants them in a field. In a transplanter provided with an inter-strain switching mechanism (100) in which the planting device (42) changes the planting interval of seedlings and an inter-strain switching member (170) for operating the inter-strain switching mechanism (100), the inter-strain switching mechanism (100) is composed of a first switching mechanism (110) that greatly increases or decreases the number of stocks and a second switching mechanism (120) that slightly increases or decreases the number of stocks, and the inter-stock switching member (100) is a first switching mechanism (110). ) Is operably provided in the first operation direction (X) for switching operation and the second operation direction (Y) for switching operation of the second switching mechanism (120).
請求項2に係る発明は、前記株間切替機構(100)の外部に株間切替部材(170)を前記第1操作方向(X)である機体前後方向に回動可能で、且つ第2操作方向(Y)である機体前後方向に摺動可能に支持し、前記株間切替部材(170)には、第1操作方向(X)に回動操作する第1切替シフタ(114)を移動させる第1連結部材(172)を設けると共に、第2操作方向(Y)に揺動操作すると第2切替シフタ(124)を移動させる第2連結部材(177)を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の移植機とした。 According to the second aspect of the present invention, the inter-stock switching member (170) can be rotated outside the inter-stock switching mechanism (100) in the front-rear direction of the machine body, which is the first operating direction (X), and the second operating direction (X). A first connection that slidably supports the machine body in the front-rear direction of Y) and moves a first switching shifter (114) that rotates in the first operation direction (X) to the inter-stock switching member (170). The first aspect of the present invention, wherein the member (172) is provided and the second connecting member (177) is provided to move the second switching shifter (124) when the swinging operation is performed in the second operation direction (Y). It was used as a transplant machine.
請求項3に係る発明は、前記走行車体(40)の走行伝動を複数段階に切り替える変速機構を設け、変速機構を操作する変速操作部材(60)を設け、該株間操作部材(60)と変速操作部材(170)の操作により、前記植付装置(42)の株間が決定されることを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の移植機とした。 The invention according to claim 3 is provided with a speed change mechanism for switching the traveling transmission of the traveling vehicle body (40) in a plurality of stages, a speed change operation member (60) for operating the speed change mechanism, and the interstock operation member (60) for speed change. The transplanting machine according to claim 1 or 2 , wherein the spacing between the plants of the planting device (42) is determined by the operation of the operating member (170).
請求項4に係る発明は、前記走行車体(40)の左右両側には、予備の苗入りの容器を積載する予備苗枠(50)を各々設け、該予備苗枠(50)は、走行車体(40)に設ける固定支柱(51)と、該固定支柱(51)上に回動可能に設ける苗載回動部材(53)と、該苗載回動部材(53)に支柱部材(54)を介して設ける苗載台(55)で構成し、前記予備苗枠(50)は、支柱部材(54)が機体前側を向く乗降作業位置と、支柱部材(54)が機体外側を向くと共に苗載台(55)が機体内側を向く植付作業位置とに切替可能としたことを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の移植機とした。 In the invention according to claim 4, spare seedling frames (50) for loading containers containing spare seedlings are provided on the left and right sides of the traveling vehicle body (40), and the spare seedling frames (50) are used for the traveling vehicle body. A fixed strut (51) provided on the (40), a seedling-mounted rotating member (53) rotatably provided on the fixed strut (51), and a strut member (54) on the seedling-mounted rotating member (53). The spare seedling frame (50) is composed of a seedling mounting table (55) provided via The transplanting machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the mounting table (55) can be switched to a planting work position facing the inside of the machine body.
上記の請求項1から請求項4に関連する、第1の関連発明は、第1切替機構(110)は、径の異なる複数のギアからなる第1株間ギアユニット(113)と第1切替シフタ(114)で構成し、第2切替機構(120)は、径の異なる複数のギアからなる第2株間ギアユニット(123)と第2切替シフタ(124)で構成し、株間切替部材(170)を第1操作方向(X)に操作すると第1切替シフタ(114)により第1株間ギアユニット(113)の回転可能なギアが変更されると共に、株間切替部材(170)を第2操作方向(Y)に操作すると第2切替シフタ(123)により第2株間ギアユニット(123)の回転可能なギアが変更されて植付装置(42)の植付株間が変更されることを特徴とする移植機とした。 In the first related invention related to the above claims 1 to 4 , the first switching mechanism (110) is a first inter-stock gear unit (113) and a first switching shifter composed of a plurality of gears having different diameters. The second switching mechanism (120) is composed of a second inter-stock gear unit (123) and a second switching shifter (124) composed of a plurality of gears having different diameters, and is composed of an inter-stock switching member (170). Is operated in the first operation direction (X), the rotatable gear of the first inter-stock gear unit (113) is changed by the first switching shifter (114), and the inter-stock switching member (170) is changed in the second operation direction (170). you characterized by planting strains of second strains gear unit (123) rotatable with the gear is changed planted device (42) is changed by the operating to Y) second switching shifter (123) It was transplanted machine.
また、請求項1から請求項4、及び第1の関連発明に関連する、第2の関連発明は、変速操作部材(60)は、機体左右方向に回動操作して走行伝動を切り替える構成とし、株間操作部材(170)と変速操作部材(60)は、走行車体(40)の左右どちらか一側に共に配置したことを特徴とする移植機とした。 Further, in the second related invention related to the first to the fourth and the first related invention , the speed change operation member (60) is configured to rotate the machine body in the left-right direction to switch the traveling transmission. , strains operation member (170) and the shift operating member (60), was transplanted machine you characterized in that both placed to the left or right one side of the vehicle body (40).
請求項1に係る発明により、第1切替機構(110)と第2切替機構(120)を一つの株間切替部材(170)で切替操作することができるので、部品点数の削減が図られると共に、切替操作を間違えることにより植付株間が想定と異なることが防止される。 According to the invention of claim 1, since the first switching mechanism (110) and the second switching mechanism (120) can be switched by one inter-stock switching member (170), the number of parts can be reduced and the number of parts can be reduced. By making a mistake in the switching operation, it is possible to prevent the planted stocks from being different from the expected ones.
請求項2に係る発明により、請求項1に係る発明の効果に加えて、第1切替機構(110)の第1切替シフタ(114)を株間切替部材(170)の第1操作方向(X)である前後回動操作で切り替えると共に、第2切替機構(120)の第2切替シフタ(124)を株間切替部材(170)の第2操作方向(Y)である揺動操作で切り替えることにより、操作方向の違いが認識しやすく、誤操作が防止される。 According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the first switching shifter (114) of the first switching mechanism (110) is moved to the first operating direction (X) of the inter-stock switching member (170). By switching by the forward / backward rotation operation, and by switching the second switching shifter (124) of the second switching mechanism (120) by the swing operation which is the second operation direction (Y) of the inter-stock switching member (170). The difference in operation direction is easy to recognize, and erroneous operation is prevented .
請求項3にかかる発明により、請求項1または2に係る発明の効果に加えて、変速機構を多段階に切替可能としたことにより、変速操作部材(60)の操作と株間切替部材(170)の操作によって、より多くの植付株間を設定することができる。 According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1 or 2, the speed change mechanism can be switched in multiple stages, so that the operation of the speed change operation member (60) and the inter-stock switching member (170) can be performed. It is possible to set more planted stocks by the operation of .
請求項4にかかる発明により、請求項1から3のいずれか1項に係る発明の効果に加えて、予備苗枠(50)を乗降作業位置に切り替えると支柱部材(54)が機体前側を向くことにより、支柱部材(54)を走行車体(40)に乗り降りする際の手すりとすることができるので、乗り降りが容易になる。
また、植付作業位置に切り替えると苗載台(55)が機体内側を向くことにより、作業者が積載された苗を取り出しやすく、作業能率が向上する。
According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effect of the invention of any one of claims 1 to 3, when the spare seedling frame (50) is switched to the boarding / alighting work position, the support member (54) faces the front side of the machine body. As a result, the support column member (54) can be used as a handrail when getting on and off the traveling vehicle body (40), so that getting on and off becomes easy .
Further, when the planting work position is switched, the seedling mounting table (55) faces the inside of the machine body, so that the worker can easily take out the loaded seedlings and the work efficiency is improved.
上記請求項1から請求項4に関連する第1の関連発明により、株間切替部材(170)の第1操作方向(X)と第2操作方向(Y)により第1切替機構(110)と第2切替機構(120)の切替操作を分けることができるので、操作方向の感覚で操作の間違いに気付きやすくなるので、誤操作による株間の設定ミスが防止される。 According to the first related invention related to claims 1 to 4, the first switching mechanism (110) and the first switching mechanism (110) and the second depending on the first operating direction (X) and the second operating direction (Y) of the inter-stock switching member (170). Since the switching operation of the two switching mechanism (120) can be separated, it is easy to notice an operation error with a sense of the operation direction, so that a setting error between stocks due to an erroneous operation can be prevented .
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第2の関連発明により、請求項1から請求項4、及び第1の関連発明の効果に加えて、変速操作部材(60)の操作方向を株間切替部材(170)の操作方向と干渉し合わない方向としたことにより、植付株間の設定を確実に変更することができる。 According to the second related invention , in addition to the effects of the first to the fourth and the first related invention, the operation direction of the speed change operation member (60) interferes with the operation direction of the inter-stock switching member (170). By setting the direction not to be set, the setting between the planted stocks can be surely changed .
また、変速操作部材(60)と株間切替部材(170)を走行車体(40)の左右方向における同じ側に設けたことにより、植付株間の変更操作を能率よく行うことができる。 Further, by providing the speed change operation member (60) and the inter-stock switching member (170) on the same side of the traveling vehicle body (40) in the left-right direction, the operation of changing between the planted stocks can be efficiently performed .
以下、図面に基づき、本発明の好ましい実施の形態について説明する。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
図1は、本発明の実施の形態の移植機の一例として玉葱苗を移植する移植機10を示す側面図であり、図2は、移植機10の平面図である。 FIG. 1 is a side view showing a transplanter 10 for transplanting onion seedlings as an example of the transplanter according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a plan view of the transplanter 10.
なお、以下の説明では、操縦ハンドル47を配置した側を後とし、その反対側、すなわちエンジン41を配置した側を前とする。そして、機体前側に向かって右手側を右とし、左手側を左とする。 In the following description, the side on which the steering wheel 47 is arranged is the rear side, and the opposite side, that is, the side on which the engine 41 is arranged is the front side. Then, the right-hand side is the right and the left-hand side is the left when facing the front side of the aircraft.
本実施の形態の移植機10は、機体を前進走行可能とする走行車体40と、走行車体40の後部に設けた歩行操縦用の操縦ハンドル47と、圃場に苗を植え付ける植付装置42と、植付装置42に苗を供給する苗供給装置43を備えている。 The transplanter 10 of the present embodiment includes a traveling vehicle body 40 capable of traveling forward, a control handle 47 for walking maneuvering provided at the rear of the traveling vehicle body 40, a planting device 42 for planting seedlings in a field, and the like. A seedling supply device 43 for supplying seedlings to the planting device 42 is provided.
走行車体40は、エンジン41と、エンジン41の動力が伝達されて駆動回転する左右一対の駆動車輪である後輪44と、後輪44の前方に転動自在に支持した左右一対の前輪45とを備えている。 The traveling vehicle body 40 includes an engine 41, a pair of left and right drive wheels 44 that are driven and rotated by transmitting the power of the engine 41, and a pair of left and right front wheels 45 that are rotatably supported in front of the rear wheels 44. It has.
エンジン41の後側には、ミッションケース39が配置されている。ミッションケース39は、その左側部からエンジン41の左側方に延びるケース部分を有しており、このケース部分がエンジン41の左側部と連結している。このケース部分にエンジン41の出力軸が入り込んでミッションケース39内の伝動機構に動力が伝達する構成となっている。 A mission case 39 is arranged behind the engine 41. The mission case 39 has a case portion extending from the left side portion thereof to the left side portion of the engine 41, and this case portion is connected to the left side portion of the engine 41. The output shaft of the engine 41 enters this case portion, and power is transmitted to the transmission mechanism in the mission case 39.
ミッションケース39の左右両側部には、前後に長い走行用伝動ケース38の前部が回動自在に取り付けられている。具体的には、走行用伝動ケース38の前部の機体内側部に、走行用伝動ケース38と一体回転可能に回転するアクスルケース11を設け、このアクスルケース11をミッションケース39の左右両側部に回動自在に取付けて、走行用伝動ケース38をミッションケース39の左右両側部に対応して回動自在に取付けている。そして、この走行用伝動ケース38の後部側方に突出させた後輪車軸12に後輪44を装着している。 The front portion of the traveling transmission case 38, which is long in the front-rear direction, is rotatably attached to both the left and right sides of the mission case 39. Specifically, an axle case 11 that rotates integrally with the traveling transmission case 38 is provided on the inner side of the fuselage at the front of the traveling transmission case 38, and the axle cases 11 are provided on both left and right sides of the mission case 39. It is rotatably attached, and the traveling transmission case 38 is rotatably attached corresponding to both the left and right sides of the mission case 39. Then, the rear wheel 44 is attached to the rear wheel axle 12 projecting toward the rear side of the traveling transmission case 38.
走行用伝動ケース38の前部の回動軸心位置には、ミッションケース39から左右両外側方に延出させた車輪駆動軸の先端が入り込んで、ミッションケース39内の走行部系変速伝動部を経た走行用の動力が走行用伝動ケース38内の伝動機構に伝達している。そして、走行用の動力は走行用伝動ケース38内の伝動機構を介して、走行用伝動ケース38の後端車軸12に伝動し、後輪44が駆動回転する構成としている。 The tip of the wheel drive shaft extending from the mission case 39 to the left and right outside is inserted into the position of the rotation axis at the front of the traveling transmission case 38, and the traveling unit system transmission transmission unit in the transmission case 39. The power for traveling that has passed through the above is transmitted to the transmission mechanism in the transmission case 38 for traveling. Then, the power for traveling is transmitted to the rear end axle 12 of the traveling transmission case 38 via the transmission mechanism in the traveling transmission case 38, and the rear wheels 44 are driven and rotated.
なお、ミッションケース39内に設けた左右それぞれのサイドクラッチ(図示せず)により、左右の各後輪44の駆動を断つことが出来る構成になっている。従って、機体を旋回させるときには、サイドクラッチにより旋回内側となる左右一方の後輪44を非駆動状態にしてスムーズに旋回出来る構成としている。 The left and right side clutches (not shown) provided in the mission case 39 can cut off the drive of the left and right rear wheels 44. Therefore, when the aircraft is turned, the side clutch is used to bring the left and right rear wheels 44, which are inside the turn, into a non-driving state so that the machine can turn smoothly.
また、走行用伝動ケース38には、走行用伝動ケース38の前部側を回動支点として後輪44を上下させる、上下回動する駆動手段が連結している。具体的には、走行用伝動ケース38のミッションケース39への取付部には、上方に延びるアーム13が一体的に取り付けられており、アーム13がミッションケース39に固定された昇降用油圧シリンダーのピストンロッド先端に取り付けた連結体の左右両側部と連結している。左右一方側(右側)は、連結ロッドで連結し、他方側(左側)は、機体の傾斜に対応して伸縮作動可能な左右水平制御用油圧シリンダーで連結している。 Further, the traveling transmission case 38 is connected to a driving means that rotates up and down to move the rear wheel 44 up and down with the front side of the traveling transmission case 38 as a rotation fulcrum. Specifically, an arm 13 extending upward is integrally attached to the attachment portion of the traveling transmission case 38 to the mission case 39, and the lifting hydraulic cylinder in which the arm 13 is fixed to the mission case 39. It is connected to the left and right sides of the connecting body attached to the tip of the piston rod. One left and right side (right side) is connected by a connecting rod, and the other side (left side) is connected by a left and right horizontal control hydraulic cylinder that can be expanded and contracted according to the inclination of the aircraft.
昇降用油圧シリンダーが作動してそのピストンロッドが機体後方に突出すると、左右のアーム13は後方に回動し、これに伴い走行用伝動ケース38が下方に回動して、機体が上昇する。反対に、昇降用油圧シリンダーのピストンロッドが機体前方に移動してシリンダー内に引っ込むと、左右のアーム13は前方に回動し、これに伴い走行用伝動ケース38が上方に回動して、機体が下降する。 When the lifting hydraulic cylinder operates and the piston rod protrudes to the rear of the machine body, the left and right arms 13 rotate backward, and the traveling transmission case 38 rotates downward accordingly to raise the machine body. On the contrary, when the piston rod of the lifting hydraulic cylinder moves to the front of the machine body and retracts into the cylinder, the left and right arms 13 rotate forward, and the traveling transmission case 38 rotates upward accordingly. The aircraft descends.
この昇降用油圧シリンダーは、畝面に接地して機体と畝面との上下間隔の変動に伴って動作するセンサー14によって作動する。センサー14の動作は機体の位置を基準とした畝上面高さを検出する動作となり、そのセンサー14の検出動作に基づいて機体を畝上面高さに対応して設定高さになる構成で昇降用油圧シリンダーが作動する構成としている。 The lifting hydraulic cylinder is operated by a sensor 14 that touches the ridge surface and operates as the vertical distance between the machine body and the ridge surface fluctuates. The operation of the sensor 14 is an operation of detecting the height of the upper surface of the ridge based on the position of the machine, and based on the detection operation of the sensor 14, the machine is raised and lowered with a configuration in which the height is set according to the height of the upper surface of the ridge. The structure is such that the hydraulic cylinder operates.
また、左右水平制御用油圧シリンダーが伸縮作動すると、その左右水平制御用油圧シリンダーと連結する左側のアーム13が回動して、左側の後輪44のみを上下動させ、機体を左右に傾斜させる。この左右水平制御用油圧シリンダーは、左右水平を基準として機体の左右傾斜を検出するセンサーの検出結果に基づいて作動して、機体を左右水平にする構成としている。 When the left / right horizontal control hydraulic cylinder expands and contracts, the left arm 13 connected to the left / right horizontal control hydraulic cylinder rotates to move only the left rear wheel 44 up and down to tilt the aircraft left and right. .. The left-right horizontal control hydraulic cylinder is configured to operate based on the detection result of a sensor that detects the left-right tilt of the machine with respect to the left-right horizontal to make the machine horizontal.
エンジン41下方の左右中央位置で前後方向の軸心回りに回動自在に取り付けた横フレーム16の左右両側部に、上下に長い縦フレーム17が取付けられており、左右前輪45は、縦フレーム17の下端部側方に固着した前輪車軸18に回転自在に取り付けられている。従って、左右前輪45は、機体の左右中央の前後方向の軸心回りにローリング動自在となっている。また、横フレーム16の左右両側部を基準として、縦フレーム17が上下調節可能に設けられており、前輪45の高さ調節をすることが出来る構成としている。 Vertical frames 17 that are long vertically are attached to the left and right sides of the horizontal frame 16 that is rotatably attached around the axis in the front-rear direction at the center position below the engine 41, and the left and right front wheels 45 are the vertical frames 17. It is rotatably attached to the front wheel axle 18 fixed to the side of the lower end portion of the vehicle. Therefore, the left and right front wheels 45 are movable around the axis in the front-rear direction at the center of the left and right sides of the airframe. Further, the vertical frame 17 is provided so as to be vertically adjustable based on the left and right side portions of the horizontal frame 16, so that the height of the front wheel 45 can be adjusted.
前記操縦ハンドル47は、機体後部に設けられており、後輪44の後輪車軸12より機体後側に位置している。具体的には、ミッションケース39に前端部を固定した機体フレーム19の後端部に取り付けられている。 The steering handle 47 is provided at the rear of the fuselage, and is located on the rear side of the fuselage with respect to the rear axle 12 of the rear wheels 44. Specifically, it is attached to the rear end of the airframe frame 19 whose front end is fixed to the mission case 39.
機体フレーム19は、機体の左右中央で後方に延び、また、前後中間部から斜め後上方に延びている。 The airframe frame 19 extends rearward at the center of the left and right sides of the airframe, and extends diagonally rearward and upward from the front-rear intermediate portion.
操縦ハンドル47は、機体フレーム19の後端部から左右に後方に延びてその各後端部を操縦ハンドル47のグリップ部としている。 The steering handle 47 extends rearward from the rear end of the fuselage frame 19 to the left and right, and each rear end thereof serves as a grip portion of the steering handle 47.
なお、図2では、グリップ部を左右に分かれた構成としているが、操縦ハンドル47の左右の後端部を互いに左右に連結してその連結部分をグリップ部としても良い。 Although the grip portion is divided into left and right in FIG. 2, the left and right rear end portions of the steering handle 47 may be connected to each other on the left and right, and the connected portion may be used as the grip portion.
植付装置42は、先端が下方に向かう嘴状の複数の植付具と、植付具の下端部が圃場面より上方となる位置と圃場面より下方となる位置とに植付具を上下動させる上下動機構21と、嘴状の植付具の下端部が閉じて上方から苗を受け入れて内側に苗を収容可能する閉状態と植付具の下端部が左右に開いて内側に収容した苗を下方に放出可能とする開状態とに植付具を開閉する開閉機構とを備える。 The planting device 42 raises and lowers a plurality of beak-shaped planting tools whose tips point downward, and a position where the lower end of the planting tool is above the field scene and a position below the field scene. The vertical movement mechanism 21 to move, the closed state where the lower end of the beak-shaped planting tool is closed and the seedlings can be received from above and the seedlings can be stored inside, and the lower end of the planting tool opens to the left and right to be stored inside. It is equipped with an opening / closing mechanism that opens and closes the planting tool in an open state that allows the seedlings to be released downward.
本実施の形態の植付装置42は、第1植付具20aと第2植付具20bを左右に並べて配備した、二条植の構成としている。これらの第1植付具20a及び第2植付具20bは、ミッションケース39から伝動される伝動ケース26の左右両側部に設けられた上下動機構21に各々装着されている。なお、伝動ケース26は、機体フレーム19に下部を固定した取付部材の上部に固着されている。 The planting device 42 of the present embodiment has a two-row planting structure in which the first planting tool 20a and the second planting tool 20b are arranged side by side. The first planting tool 20a and the second planting tool 20b are attached to the vertical movement mechanisms 21 provided on both the left and right sides of the transmission case 26 transmitted from the mission case 39, respectively. The transmission case 26 is fixed to the upper part of the mounting member whose lower part is fixed to the airframe frame 19.
上下動機構21は、伝動ケース26を基準として前部が上下回動自在に装着され、後部の左右両側に植付具が連結した昇降リンクを備えている。そして、別途設けた駆動機構により伝動ケース26内からの動力で昇降リンクを上下動させ、昇降リンクの左右に連結した、第1植付具20a及び第2植付具20bが上下動する構成となっている。 The vertical movement mechanism 21 is provided with an elevating link in which the front portion is vertically rotatable with reference to the transmission case 26 and the planting tools are connected to the left and right sides of the rear portion. Then, the elevating link is moved up and down by the power from the inside of the transmission case 26 by a separately provided drive mechanism, and the first planting tool 20a and the second planting tool 20b connected to the left and right of the elevating link move up and down. It has become.
この上下動の上昇位置では左右の植付具20a、20bの下端部が圃場面より上方に位置し、下降位置では左右の植付具20a、20bの下端部が圃場面より下方に位置する。 At the ascending position of the vertical movement, the lower ends of the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b are located above the field scene, and at the descending position, the lower ends of the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b are located below the field scene.
左右の植付具20a、20bの開閉機構は、伝動ケース26内からの動力で作動し、上下動機構21の作動に連動して、左右の植付具20a、20bが下降して下端位置に達するとその植付具20a、20bの下部側を左右に開いて下方に開放状態とし、左右の植付具20a、20bが上昇して上端位置に達するとその植付具20a、20bの下部側を閉じて閉塞状態とする構成である。 The opening / closing mechanism of the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b is operated by power from the inside of the transmission case 26, and the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b are lowered to the lower end position in conjunction with the operation of the vertical movement mechanism 21. When it reaches, the lower side of the planting tools 20a and 20b is opened to the left and right to open downward, and when the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b rise and reach the upper end position, the lower side of the planting tools 20a and 20b is reached. Is closed to put it in a closed state.
左右の上下動機構21は、180度位相を異ならせて作動する構成となっており、左右一方の第1植付具20aと、左右他方の第2植付具20bとが、それぞれ圃場において同じ前後位置に苗を植え付ける構成としている。 The left and right vertical movement mechanisms 21 are configured to operate with different phases by 180 degrees, and the first planting tool 20a on one of the left and right and the second planting tool 20b on the other left and right are the same in the field. Seedlings are planted in the front and back positions.
苗供給装置43は、苗を上方から受け入れて内側に苗を収容する複数の苗収容体22と、苗収容体22を、第1植付具20a及び第2植付具20bの上方を通過させて周回移動させる移動機構23と、第1植付具20a及び第2植付具20bの上方位置で苗収容体22の底部を開放して内側に収容した苗を落下させて、第1植付具20a及び第2植付具20bに苗を供給させる苗落下機構とを備える。 The seedling supply device 43 passes a plurality of seedling accommodating bodies 22 for receiving seedlings from above and accommodating seedlings inside, and the seedling accommodating bodies 22 passing above the first planting tool 20a and the second planting tool 20b. The bottom of the seedling container 22 is opened at a position above the first planting tool 20a and the second planting tool 20b, and the seedlings housed inside are dropped to drop the seedlings housed in the first planting. A seedling dropping mechanism for supplying seedlings to the tool 20a and the second planting tool 20b is provided.
各苗収容体22は、上下に開口する筒状体と、その筒状体の下側の開口部を開閉する底蓋とを有し、互いにループ状に連結している。 Each seedling container 22 has a tubular body that opens up and down and a bottom lid that opens and closes an opening on the lower side of the tubular body, and is connected to each other in a loop.
移動機構23は、連結した各苗収容体22が左右の植付具20a、20bの上方近傍を通過する状態で、機体平面視で左右に長い長円形状のループ状の軌跡で、連結した苗収容体22を左回りに周回動させる。 The moving mechanism 23 is a state in which each of the connected seedling accommodating bodies 22 passes in the upper vicinity of the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b, and the connected seedlings are formed by a long circular loop-shaped locus on the left and right in the plane view of the machine body. The accommodating body 22 is rotated counterclockwise.
苗落下機構は、苗収容体22の底蓋を、その苗収容体22に対応する、第1植付具20aまたは第2植付具20bの上方位置で開放する。 The seedling dropping mechanism opens the bottom lid of the seedling accommodating body 22 at a position above the first planting tool 20a or the second planting tool 20b corresponding to the seedling accommodating body 22.
本実施の形態では、苗収容体22の外周に円筒外周部を形成し、その円筒外周部に外側から回動自在に接続する係合部(丸孔)を設けて、2つの苗収容体22を連結する連結体を複数形成した。そして、その連結体の係合部を苗収容体22の円筒外周部に回動自在に接続し、その円筒外周部を回動軸として隣の苗収容体22が回動自在に連結する状態として、複数の苗収容体22を互いに連結した構成としている。すなわち、苗収容体22と連結体とで無端チェーンの如く連結した構成である。 In the present embodiment, a cylindrical outer peripheral portion is formed on the outer periphery of the seedling accommodating body 22, and an engaging portion (round hole) rotatably connected from the outside is provided on the outer peripheral portion of the cylinder to provide two seedling accommodating bodies 22. A plurality of connecting bodies for connecting the above were formed. Then, the engaging portion of the connecting body is rotatably connected to the outer peripheral portion of the cylinder of the seedling containing body 22, and the adjacent seedling containing body 22 is rotatably connected with the outer peripheral portion of the cylinder as the rotation axis. , A plurality of seedling accommodating bodies 22 are connected to each other. That is, the seedling accommodating body 22 and the connecting body are connected like an endless chain.
これにより、苗収容体22は、直線的に移動する直線状部分28でも円弧状に移動する円弧状部分29でも隣接する苗収容体22との間隔が変わらないので、苗収容体22から左右の植付具20a、20bに苗を供給する個所で、苗収容体22の左右の植付具20a、20bを基準とした位置ズレが生じ難くなり、苗供給が適正に行われて適確な苗の植え付けが出来る。 As a result, the seedling container 22 is left and right from the seedling container 22 because the distance between the linear portion 28 that moves linearly and the arc-shaped portion 29 that moves in an arc shape does not change from the adjacent seedling container 22. At the place where the seedlings are supplied to the planting tools 20a and 20b, the positional deviation of the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b of the seedling container 22 is less likely to occur, and the seedlings are properly supplied and the seedlings are properly supplied. Can be planted.
苗供給装置43の移動機構23は、無端チェーンの如く互いに連結する苗収容体22を、左右に設けたスプロケットの外周の円弧状切欠部に巻き掛け、この左右のスプロケットを伝動ケース26内から取り出した動力で駆動回転することにより、各苗収容体22を周回動させる構成としている。 The moving mechanism 23 of the seedling supply device 43 winds the seedling accommodating bodies 22 connected to each other like an endless chain around the arcuate notches on the outer periphery of the sprockets provided on the left and right, and takes out the left and right sprockets from the transmission case 26. Each seedling accommodating body 22 is configured to rotate around the circumference by driving and rotating with the power.
苗収容体22が周回する周回移動経路は、平面視で左右方向に延びる直線状部分28と、スプロケットにより直線状部分28から前側または後側に円弧状に曲がる円弧状部分29とを備えた長円状であり、左右の後輪44より機体内側に配置されている。 The orbital movement path around which the seedling container 22 orbits is a length including a linear portion 28 extending in the left-right direction in a plan view and an arc-shaped portion 29 that bends in an arc shape from the linear portion 28 to the front side or the rear side by a sprocket. It has a circular shape and is arranged inside the fuselage from the left and right rear wheels 44.
また、左右の植付具20a、20bは、後輪車軸12の位置よりも後側に配置している。 Further, the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b are arranged on the rear side of the position of the rear wheel axle 12.
苗供給装置43は、左右の第1植付具20a及び第2植付具20bに合わせて苗収容体22が一回りで周回移動して苗を供給する構成としている。 The seedling supply device 43 is configured such that the seedling accommodating body 22 orbits around in accordance with the left and right first planting tools 20a and the second planting tool 20b to supply seedlings.
図 に示すとおり、第1植付具20a及び第2植付具20bは、それぞれ第1落下供給位置31a及び第2落下供給位置31bで、苗収容体22から苗が落下供給される。 As shown in the figure, in the first planting tool 20a and the second planting tool 20b, seedlings are dropped and supplied from the seedling container 22 at the first drop supply position 31a and the second drop supply position 31b, respectively.
そして、左右の植付具20a、20bに対応して落下供給する苗を収容する苗収容体22を各別に設けており、苗収容体22が対応する左右の植付具20a、20bの上方にきたときのみ底蓋が開き、対応しない左右の植付具20a、20bの上方では底蓋が開かない構成としている。 A seedling accommodating body 22 for accommodating seedlings to be dropped and supplied corresponding to the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b is separately provided, and above the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b corresponding to the seedling accommodating body 22. The bottom lid opens only when it comes, and the bottom lid does not open above the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b that do not correspond to each other.
すなわち、第1植付具20aに対応する苗収容体22は第1落下供給位置31aにきたときのみ、第2植付具20bに対応する苗収容体22は第2落下供給位置31bにきたときのみ、それぞれの底蓋が開いて対応する植付具20a、20bに苗が供給される構成となっている。 That is, only when the seedling container 22 corresponding to the first planting tool 20a comes to the first drop supply position 31a, and when the seedling container 22 corresponding to the second planting tool 20b comes to the second drop supply position 31b. Only, the bottom lid is opened and seedlings are supplied to the corresponding planting tools 20a and 20b.
移動機構23の作動周期は、上下動機構21の作動周期に同期する設定にされており、左右の植付具20a、20bに対応する苗収容体22を合わせて1つの苗収容体ユニットとして、その苗収容体ユニットを複数連結した構成とすることにより、苗収容体22が左右の落下供給位置31a、31bを直列的に通過しながら、左右の植付具20a、20bに対応して苗供給漏れが生じることなく苗を供給でき、且つ左右の落下供給位置31a、31bを通過した後に苗が供給されなかった苗収容体22が生じなくすべく、余すことなく左右の植付具20a、20bに対応して苗を供給出来る構成としている。 The operating cycle of the moving mechanism 23 is set to be synchronized with the operating cycle of the vertical moving mechanism 21, and the seedling accommodating bodies 22 corresponding to the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b are combined to form one seedling accommodating body unit. By connecting a plurality of the seedling storage units, the seedling storage 22 passes through the left and right drop supply positions 31a and 31b in series, and the seedlings are supplied corresponding to the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b. In order to prevent the seedling housing 22 from being supplied with seedlings after passing through the left and right drop supply positions 31a and 31b, the seedlings can be supplied without leakage, and the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b are fully supplied. The structure is such that seedlings can be supplied accordingly.
本実施の形態の移植機10は、左右の植付具20a、20bが植え付けた苗に合わせて覆土鎮圧することに利用される覆土鎮圧輪37を左右の植付具20a、20bの苗植え付け個所の各後方左右両側近傍位置に設けている。 In the transplanter 10 of the present embodiment, the soil-covering pressure ring 37 used for soil-covering and suppressing the seedlings planted by the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b is used to plant the seedlings of the left and right planting tools 20a and 20b. It is provided near each of the rear left and right sides of.
また、苗供給装置43に苗を補給する作業者が乗車して苗補給作業を行うべく、作業者が座る作業者用座席46を設けている。具体的には、苗供給装置43の前側となる機体左右中央位置に後向きに作業者用座席46を配置している。作業者用座席46に座る作業者は、苗供給装置43の前側部に向って後側向き姿勢で着座して、苗供給装置43の前側部、特に苗収容体22の周回移動経路における前側の直線状部分28に対応して苗補給作業を行う。 Further, a worker's seat 46 on which the worker sits is provided so that the worker who replenishes the seedlings can get on the seedling supply device 43 to perform the seedling replenishment work. Specifically, the worker seats 46 are arranged rearward at the center positions on the left and right sides of the machine body, which is the front side of the seedling supply device 43. The worker sitting in the worker seat 46 sits in a rearward posture toward the front side of the seedling supply device 43, and is on the front side of the seedling supply device 43, particularly on the front side in the orbital movement path of the seedling container 22. Seedling replenishment work is performed corresponding to the linear portion 28.
作業者用座席46の左右両側で機体側面視で後輪44の後輪車軸12の上方位置に、苗供給装置43に補給する苗を収容可能な予備苗枠50を設けている。 Spare seedling frames 50 capable of accommodating seedlings to be supplied to the seedling supply device 43 are provided above the rear wheel axle 12 of the rear wheels 44 on both the left and right sides of the worker seat 46 when viewed from the side of the machine.
前記左右の植付具20a、20bは、上下動機構21によって各々昇降し、走行車体40の前進走行に伴い、所定の前後間隔、即ち所定の株間を空けて苗を圃場に植え付けるものである。 The left and right planting tools 20a and 20b are moved up and down by the vertical movement mechanism 21, and the seedlings are planted in the field at a predetermined front-rear interval, that is, at a predetermined interval as the traveling vehicle body 40 travels forward.
苗の株間は、前記走行車体40上から操作可能に設けられる変速レバー60の操作により切替設定される車速伝動と、ミッションケース39の後部に設けられる株間切替ギアケース100内に設けられる、大きく株間を切り替える第1株間ギア機構110と、小さく株間を切り替える第2株間ギア機構120の各々の切替設定により変更することができる。 The space between the seedlings is large, which is provided in the vehicle speed transmission set by operating the speed change lever 60 operably provided on the traveling vehicle body 40 and in the inter-stock switching gear case 100 provided at the rear of the mission case 39. It can be changed by the switching setting of the first inter-stock gear mechanism 110 for switching between the two stocks and the second inter-stock gear mechanism 120 for switching between small stocks.
なお、第1株間ギア機構110による、大きい株間の切り替えとは、一例として3〜6cmの株間の増減を示し、第2株間ギア機構120による、小さい株間の切替とは、一例として1〜2cmの株間の増減を示す。但し、切り替えられる株間の増減は使用するギアの径により変動するものであり、上記の数字に限定されるものではない。 The switching between large stocks by the first inter-stock gear mechanism 110 indicates an increase / decrease between stocks of 3 to 6 cm as an example, and the switching between small stocks by the second inter-stock gear mechanism 120 is 1 to 2 cm as an example. Shows the increase / decrease between stocks. However, the increase / decrease between the stocks that can be switched varies depending on the diameter of the gear used, and is not limited to the above figures.
上記の株間の切替機構について、詳細に説明する。 The above-mentioned switching mechanism between stocks will be described in detail.
図 に示すとおり、ミッションケース39の左側後部には、株間切替ケース100が装着される。図3から図6に示すとおり、前記ミッションケース39から株間切替ケース100には、伝動軸101を介して駆動力が入力され、該伝動軸101の後部側、即ち株間伝動ケース100の内部に位置する側には、植付伝動の入切を切り替える植付クラッチ102を、伝動軸101上で入切切替可能に設ける。また、該伝動軸101の後端側には、伝動軸101と共に回転する伝動ギア103を装着する。 As shown in the figure, the inter-stock switching case 100 is mounted on the left rear portion of the mission case 39. As shown in FIGS. 3 to 6, a driving force is input from the mission case 39 to the inter-stock switching case 100 via the transmission shaft 101, and is located on the rear side of the transmission shaft 101, that is, inside the inter-stock transmission case 100. On the side to be used, a planting clutch 102 for switching the on / off of the planting transmission is provided on the transmission shaft 101 so that the on / off can be switched. Further, a transmission gear 103 that rotates together with the transmission shaft 101 is mounted on the rear end side of the transmission shaft 101.
前記伝動軸101の機体後部側の外周、及び前記植付クラッチ102と伝動ギア103の軸着部には各々スプライン加工を施し、滑りを抑える構成とする。 Splines are applied to the outer circumference of the transmission shaft 101 on the rear side of the machine body and the shaft attachment portions of the planting clutch 102 and the transmission gear 103 to prevent slippage.
なお、前記伝動軸101、植付クラッチ102及び伝動ギア103は、株間伝動ケース100の機体内側(機体左右中央部側)で且つ機体下部側に配置されている。 The transmission shaft 101, the planting clutch 102, and the transmission gear 103 are arranged inside the machine body (on the left and right center side of the machine body) and on the lower side of the machine body of the inter-stock transmission case 100.
前記伝動軸101よりも機体外側で且つ機体上側には、前記第1株間ギア機構110が配置される。この第1株間ギア機構110は、第1株間伝動軸111と、該第1株間伝動軸111の機体後部側に設けられ、前記伝動ギア103と噛み合う第1株間入力ギア112と、各々径の異なる複数(本例では三つ)のギアからなる第1株間出力ギアユニット113と、該第1株間出力ギアユニット113を構成する複数のギアのうち、駆動力を伝動するギアを選択する第1株間シフタ114で構成される。 The first inter-stock gear mechanism 110 is arranged on the outer side of the machine body and on the upper side of the machine body with respect to the transmission shaft 101. The first inter-stock gear mechanism 110 has a different diameter from the first inter-stock transmission shaft 111 and the first inter-stock input gear 112 provided on the rear side of the machine body of the first inter-stock transmission shaft 111 and meshing with the transmission gear 103. Between the first inter-stock output gear unit 113 composed of a plurality of gears (three in this example) and the first inter-stock that selects a gear that transmits a driving force from a plurality of gears constituting the first inter-stock output gear unit 113. It is composed of a shifter 114.
前記第1株間出力ギアユニット113は、機体後部寄りに配置される、最も小径であり第1株間の中では一番小さい株間を選択する第1株間小径ギア113aと、機体前部寄りに配置される、最も大径であり第1株間の中では一番大きい株間を選択する第1株間大径ギア113cと、第1株間小径ギア113aと第1株間大径ギア113cの前後間に配置される第1株間中径ギア113bで構成される。 The first inter-stock output gear unit 113 is arranged near the front part of the machine body and the first inter-stock small diameter gear 113a which is arranged near the rear part of the machine body and selects the smallest inter-stock area among the first stocks. It is arranged between the front and rear of the first inter-stock large-diameter gear 113c, which has the largest diameter and selects the largest inter-stock gear among the first stocks, and the first inter-stock small-diameter gear 113a and the first inter-stock large-diameter gear 113c. It is composed of the first inter-stock medium diameter gear 113b.
また、前記第1株間シフタ114は、前記伝動軸101の上方に配置され、機体前後方向に摺動可能な第1シフタロッド115と、該第1シフタロッド115の機体前部側に設けられる第1切替アーム116と、該第1切替アーム116により前記第1株間伝動軸111の前後方向に摺動して、第1株間小径ギア113a、第1株間中径ギア113b、第1株間大径ギア113cのうち、伝動方向下手側に伝動するものを選択する第1キー117で構成する。 Further, the first inter-stock shifter 114 is arranged above the transmission shaft 101 and is slidable in the front-rear direction of the machine body, and a first shifter rod 115 and a first switching provided on the front side of the machine body of the first shifter rod 115. The arm 116 and the first switching arm 116 slide in the front-rear direction of the first inter-stock transmission shaft 111 to form a first inter-stock small diameter gear 113a, a first inter-stock medium diameter gear 113b, and a first inter-stock large diameter gear 113c. Of these, the first key 117 is used to select the one that is transmitted to the lower side in the transmission direction.
なお、前記第1シフタロッド115のうち、図10(a)で示すとおり、機体後部側には複数(本例では三ケ所)の第1シフタ溝115a,115b,115cが形成されており、該第1シフタ溝115a,115b,115cのいずれかに第1シフタロッド115が作業者の操作によらず前後摺動することを防止する第1摺動ストッパ118を接触させ、苗の植付株間が突然変化することを防止する。 Of the first shifter rod 115, as shown in FIG. 10A, a plurality of (three places in this example) first shifter grooves 115a, 115b, 115c are formed on the rear side of the machine body, and the first shifter rod 115 is formed. 1 A first sliding stopper 118 that prevents the first shifter rod 115 from sliding back and forth regardless of the operator's operation is brought into contact with any of the shifter grooves 115a, 115b, 115c, and the seedling planting plants suddenly change. Prevent from doing.
図11に示すとおり、該第1摺動ストッパ118は、第1シフタ溝115a,115b,115cに接触する第1ストッパボール118aと、該第1ストッパボール118を第1シフタ溝115a,115b,115cに押し付ける第1スプリング118bと、第1スプリング118bを受ける第1ストッパボルト118cで構成される。 As shown in FIG. 11, the first sliding stopper 118 includes a first stopper ball 118a that comes into contact with the first shifter grooves 115a, 115b, 115c, and the first stopper ball 118 with the first shifter grooves 115a, 115b, 115c. It is composed of a first spring 118b that is pressed against the ball and a first stopper bolt 118c that receives the first spring 118b.
図3及び図4に示すとおり、前記第1株間ギア機構110の第1株間伝動軸111の機体上側で且つ機体内側には、第1株間小径ギア113aと噛み合う大径カウンタギア131aと、第1株間中径ギア113bと噛み合う中径カウンタギア131bと、第1株間大径ギア113cと噛み合う小径カウンタギア131cで構成される、カウンタギアユニット131を装着したカウンタ伝動軸130を回転自在に設ける。該カウンタ伝動軸130は、前記第1キー117で伝動状態を選択した第1株間ギアユニット113のギアと噛み合うカウンタギアユニット131のギアを介して伝動方向下手側に伝動する。 As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a large-diameter counter gear 131a that meshes with the first inter-stock small-diameter gear 113a and a first inter-stock transmission shaft 111 on the upper side of the machine body and inside the body of the first inter-stock transmission shaft 111 of the first inter-stock gear mechanism 110. A counter transmission shaft 130 equipped with a counter gear unit 131, which is composed of a medium-diameter counter gear 131b that meshes with the inter-stock medium-diameter gear 113b and a small-diameter counter gear 131c that meshes with the first inter-stock large-diameter gear 113c, is rotatably provided. The counter transmission shaft 130 transmits to the lower side in the transmission direction via the gear of the counter gear unit 131 that meshes with the gear of the first inter-stock gear unit 113 whose transmission state is selected by the first key 117.
そして、前記カウンタギアユニット131のカウンタ伝動軸130の機体上側で且つ機体外側には、前記第2株間ギア機構120が配置される。この第2株間ギア機構120は、第2株間伝動軸121と、各々径の異なる複数(本例では三つ)のギアからなる第2株間出力ギアユニット123と、該第2株間出力ギアユニット123を構成する複数のギアのうち、駆動力を伝動するギアを選択する第2株間シフタ124と、前記第2株間伝動軸121の機体後部側に設けられる第1株間出力ギア122で構成する。なお、第2株間伝動軸121の機体後部側の外周、及び第1株間出力ギア122の軸着部にはスプライン加工を施し、滑りを抑えると共に、第2株間伝動軸121からの着脱が容易な構成とする。 Then, the second inter-stock gear mechanism 120 is arranged on the upper side of the counter transmission shaft 130 of the counter gear unit 131 and on the outer side of the machine body. The second inter-stock gear mechanism 120 includes a second inter-stock transmission shaft 121, a second inter-stock output gear unit 123 composed of a plurality of gears (three in this example) having different diameters, and the second inter-stock output gear unit 123. It is composed of a second inter-stock shifter 124 for selecting a gear for transmitting a driving force from a plurality of gears constituting the above, and a first inter-stock output gear 122 provided on the rear side of the machine body of the second inter-stock transmission shaft 121. The outer circumference of the second inter-stock transmission shaft 121 on the rear side of the machine body and the shaft attachment portion of the first inter-stock output gear 122 are splined to suppress slippage and are easily attached to and detached from the second inter-stock transmission shaft 121. It is configured.
前記第2株間出力ギアユニット123は、前記大径カウンタギア131aと噛み合う、最も小径であり第2株間の中では一番小さい株間を選択する第2株間小径ギア123aと、前記小径カウンタギア131cと噛み合う、最も大径であり第2株間の中では一番大きい株間を選択する第2株間大径ギア123cと、第2株間小径ギア123aと第2株間大径ギア123cの前後間に配置される第2株間中径ギア123bで構成される。 The second inter-strain output gear unit 123 includes a second inter-strain small-diameter gear 123a that meshes with the large-diameter counter gear 131a and selects the smallest inter-stocks among the second stocks, and the small-diameter counter gear 131c. It is arranged between the front and rear of the second inter-strain large-diameter gear 123c, which selects the largest inter-strain gear and the second inter-strain large-diameter gear 123a, and the second inter-strain large-diameter gear 123c, which mesh with each other. It is composed of the second inter-stock medium diameter gear 123b.
また、前記第2株間シフタ124は、前記カウンタ伝動軸130の下方で且つ機体外側に配置され、機体前後方向に摺動可能な第2シフタロッド125と、該第2シフタロッド125の機体前部側に設けられる第2切替アーム126と、該第2切替アーム126により前記第2株間伝動軸121の前後方向に摺動して、第2株間小径ギア123a、第2株間中径ギア123b、第2株間大径ギア123cのうち、伝動方向下手側に伝動するものを選択する第2キー127で構成する。 Further, the second inter-strain shifter 124 is arranged below the counter transmission shaft 130 and outside the machine body, and is located on the second shifter rod 125 which is slidable in the front-rear direction of the machine body and on the front side of the body of the second shifter rod 125. The second switching arm 126 provided and the second switching arm 126 slide in the front-rear direction of the second inter-strain transmission shaft 121, and the second inter-strain small diameter gear 123a, the second inter-strain medium diameter gear 123b, and the second inter-strain transmission arm 126 It is composed of a second key 127 for selecting a large-diameter gear 123c that is transmitted to the lower side in the transmission direction.
なお、前記第2シフタロッド125のうち、図10(b)に示すとおり、機体後部側には複数(本例では三ケ所)の第2シフタ溝125a,125b,125cが形成されており、該第2シフタ溝125a,125b,125cのいずれかに第2シフタロッド125が作業者の操作によらず前後摺動することを防止する第2摺動ストッパ128を接触させ、苗の植付株間が突然変化することを防止する。 Of the second shifter rod 125, as shown in FIG. 10B, a plurality of (three places in this example) second shifter grooves 125a, 125b, 125c are formed on the rear side of the machine body, and the second shifter rod 125 is formed. 2 A second sliding stopper 128 that prevents the second shifter rod 125 from sliding back and forth regardless of the operator's operation is brought into contact with any of the shifter grooves 125a, 125b, and 125c, and the seedling planting plants suddenly change. Prevent from doing.
図11に示すとおり、該第2摺動ストッパ128は、第2シフタ溝125a,125b,125cに接触する第2ストッパボール128aと、該第2ストッパボール128を第2シフタ溝125a,125b,125cに押し付ける第2スプリング128bと、第2スプリング128bを受ける第2ストッパボルト128cで構成される。 As shown in FIG. 11, the second sliding stopper 128 includes a second stopper ball 128a that contacts the second shifter grooves 125a, 125b, 125c, and the second stopper ball 128 with the second shifter grooves 125a, 125b, 125c. It is composed of a second spring 128b that is pressed against the ball and a second stopper bolt 128c that receives the second spring 128b.
図3及び図4に示すとおり、前記第2株間ギア機構120の第2株間伝動軸121の上部には、中継伝動軸140を配置し、該中継伝動軸140の機体後部側には、前記第1株間出力ギア122と噛み合う、第1株間出力ギア122よりも大径の中継入力ギア141を設ける。また、該中継伝動軸140の前後中央部付近には、第2株間出力ギア142を一体回転可能に装着する。 As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a relay transmission shaft 140 is arranged above the second inter-stock transmission shaft 121 of the second inter-strain gear mechanism 120, and the second inter-stock transmission shaft 140 is located on the rear side of the machine body. A relay input gear 141 having a diameter larger than that of the first inter-share output gear 122, which meshes with the inter-share output gear 122, is provided. Further, a second inter-stock output gear 142 is integrally rotatably mounted in the vicinity of the front-rear center portion of the relay transmission shaft 140.
なお、中継伝動軸140の機体後部側の外周、及び中継入力ギア141の軸着部にはスプライン加工を施し、滑りを抑えると共に、中継伝動軸140からの着脱が容易な構成とする。 The outer circumference of the relay transmission shaft 140 on the rear side of the machine body and the shaft attachment portion of the relay input gear 141 are splined to prevent slippage and to be easily attached to and detached from the relay transmission shaft 140.
そして、中継伝動軸140よりも機体下側で且つ機体内側、及び第2株間伝動軸121よりも機体上側で且つ機体内側に、駆動力を機体後部に設ける植付装置42及び苗供給装置43に伝動するPTO軸150を構成する、植付出力軸151を配置する。該PTO軸150は、株間切替ギアケース100内に配置される該植付出力軸151と、機体後方に向かう伝動シャフト152と、植付出力軸151に伝動シャフト152を上下方向や左右方向に回動可能に連結するユニバーサルジョイント153で構成する。 Then, the planting device 42 and the seedling supply device 43 provided with the driving force at the rear part of the machine body are provided with a driving force on the lower side of the machine body and inside the machine body than the relay transmission shaft 140, and on the upper side of the machine body and inside the machine body than the second inter-strain transmission shaft 121. The planting output shaft 151, which constitutes the transmitted PTO shaft 150, is arranged. The PTO shaft 150 rotates the planting output shaft 151 arranged in the inter-stock switching gear case 100, the transmission shaft 152 toward the rear of the machine body, and the transmission shaft 152 in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction on the planting output shaft 151. It is composed of a universal joint 153 that is movably connected.
前記植付出力軸151の前後中央部付近には、前記第2株間出力ギア142と噛み合う、第2株間出力ギア142よりも大径の第2株間入力ギア154を一体回転可能に装着する。 A second inter-strain input gear 154 having a diameter larger than that of the second inter-strain output gear 142, which meshes with the second inter-strain output gear 142, is integrally rotatably mounted near the front-rear center portion of the planting output shaft 151.
上記の複数のギア機構、及び複数の伝動軸は、図7から図9に示すとおり、前記株間伝動ケース100を構成する、前側ケースカバー100Fと後側ケースカバー100Rで覆われる。該前側ケースカバー100Fと後側ケースカバー100Rには複数のネジ孔(図示省略)を形成し、これらのネジ孔に機体前側及び後側からボルト160…を各々差し込むことで連結するものとする。前記ボルト160…を外すと、前側ケースカバー100Fと後側ケースカバー100Rの連結を解除し、内部のメンテナンス作業等が可能な状態とする。 As shown in FIGS. 7 to 9, the plurality of gear mechanisms and the plurality of transmission shafts are covered with the front side case cover 100F and the rear side case cover 100R constituting the inter-stock transmission case 100. A plurality of screw holes (not shown) are formed in the front side case cover 100F and the rear side case cover 100R, and bolts 160 ... Are inserted into these screw holes from the front side and the rear side of the machine body to connect them. When the bolt 160 ... Is removed, the connection between the front case cover 100F and the rear case cover 100R is released, and internal maintenance work and the like are possible.
前記前側ケースカバー100Fの上部で、中継伝動軸140の配置位置よりも機体内側寄りの位置には、株間伝動ケース100内にオイルやグリスなどの潤滑剤を注入する注入作業用の開口部(図示省略)を形成し、この開口部に、オイルキャップ161を着脱自在に配置する。 At the upper part of the front case cover 100F, at a position closer to the inside of the machine body than the arrangement position of the relay transmission shaft 140, an opening for injection work for injecting a lubricant such as oil or grease into the inter-stock transmission case 100 (not shown). (Omitted) is formed, and the oil cap 161 is detachably arranged in this opening.
前記後側ケースカバー100Rのうち、前記第2株間伝動軸121と中継伝動軸140の機体後部側、即ちスプライン加工が施され、第1株間出力ギア122及び中継入力ギア141が設けられる側には、図9に示すとおり、後側開口部100Raを形成し、該後側開口部100Raには、後側開口部100Raと略同一の形状で、且つ後側開口部100Raよりも大きい被覆プレート162を、図8に示すとおり、複数のボルト160…を介して着脱可能に装着する。 Of the rear case cover 100R, on the rear side of the machine body of the second inter-stock transmission shaft 121 and the relay transmission shaft 140, that is, on the side where spline processing is performed and the first inter-stock output gear 122 and the relay input gear 141 are provided. As shown in FIG. 9, a rear opening 100Ra is formed, and the rear opening 100Ra is provided with a covering plate 162 having substantially the same shape as the rear opening 100Ra and larger than the rear opening 100Ra. , As shown in FIG. 8, it is detachably attached via a plurality of bolts 160.
該被覆プレート162を外して後側開口部100Raを開放状態にすると、第1株間出力ギア122及び中継入力ギア141が露出し、第2株間伝動軸121と中継伝動軸140に沿って機体後側に移動させて取り外しが可能な状態になる。 When the covering plate 162 is removed to open the rear opening 100Ra, the first inter-stock output gear 122 and the relay input gear 141 are exposed, and the rear side of the fuselage is exposed along the second inter-stock transmission shaft 121 and the relay transmission shaft 140. It can be removed by moving it to.
これにより、第1株間出力ギア122及び中継入力ギア141のメンテナンス作業が容易に行える。 As a result, maintenance work of the first inter-stock output gear 122 and the relay input gear 141 can be easily performed.
また、第1株間出力ギア122及び中継入力ギア141を異なる径のギアに変更することにより、苗の植付株間の設定変更が可能になる。なお、ここで言う植付株間の設定変更は、植付作業中の株間の設定変更ではなく、本願の想定する玉葱以外の栽培条件の異なる作物に合わせて適切な植付株間に設定することを意味する。 Further, by changing the first inter-strain output gear 122 and the relay input gear 141 to gears having different diameters, it is possible to change the setting between the seedling planting stocks. It should be noted that the setting change between the planted stocks referred to here is not the setting change between the stocks during the planting work, but the setting between the planted stocks suitable for the crops having different cultivation conditions other than the onion assumed in the present application. means.
一部のギアの交換で別の作物の植付作業に対応可能になることにより、別の作物の専用の移植機を別途用意する必要が無く、農作業コストの大幅な低減が図られる。 By exchanging some gears, it becomes possible to handle the planting work of another crop, so that it is not necessary to separately prepare a dedicated transplanter for another crop, and the farming work cost can be significantly reduced.
図3から図9に示すとおり、前記株間伝動ケース100には、第1株間ギア機構110及び第2株間ギア機構120の切替を行う、一本の株間切替レバー170を設ける。該株間切替レバー170は、上部側が機体前方に向かって曲げられ、この上側屈曲部170aより上側に位置する上端部に操作グリップ171をはめ込んで設けられる。また、上側屈曲部170aよりも下側は、機体下側ほど機体内側に位置する傾斜姿勢であると共に、機体下部側には下側屈曲部170bを形成し、背面視において、下側屈曲部170bの機体内側は機体外側よりも緩やかな角度で傾斜する構成とする。 As shown in FIGS. 3 to 9, the inter-stock transmission case 100 is provided with a single inter-stock switching lever 170 for switching between the first inter-stock gear mechanism 110 and the second inter-stock gear mechanism 120. The inter-stock switching lever 170 is provided by fitting the operation grip 171 into the upper end portion located above the upper bending portion 170a with the upper side bent toward the front of the machine body. Further, the lower side of the upper bent portion 170a is an inclined posture located inside the fuselage toward the lower side of the fuselage, and the lower bent portion 170b is formed on the lower side of the fuselage. The inside of the fuselage is configured to incline at a gentler angle than the outside of the fuselage.
そして、前記株間切替レバー170の下端部(機体内側端部)付近には、前記第1シフタロッド115を前後摺動させて第1株間ギア機構110を切り替える第1レバーアーム172を、側面視において株間切替レバー170と共に前後回動可能に装着する。該第1レバーアーム172の下部には、前記第1シフタロッド115の機体後部側に設ける第1連結ピン119を挟み込む切替凹部172aが形成される。 Then, in the vicinity of the lower end portion (inner end portion of the machine body) of the inter-stock switching lever 170, a first lever arm 172 for switching the first inter-stock gear mechanism 110 by sliding the first shifter rod 115 back and forth is provided between the stocks in a side view. It is mounted so that it can rotate back and forth together with the switching lever 170. A switching recess 172a for sandwiching the first connecting pin 119 provided on the rear side of the machine body of the first shifter rod 115 is formed in the lower portion of the first lever arm 172.
前記被覆プレート162の機体下側で且つ後側には、左右方向の保持プレート174がボルト160…を介して装着し、該保持プレート174の機体内側は、機体後方に向けて曲げ、保持屈曲部174aを形成する。この保持屈曲部174aよりも機体後側には、前記株間切替レバー170の下端部が通過する第1軸開口部175と、前記第1連結ピン119が通過する凹部176が形成される。これにより、株間切替レバー170は、図3、図4及び図7に示すとおり、側面視で前後回動方向(第1操作方向)Xに回動可能に保持される。 A holding plate 174 in the left-right direction is attached to the lower side and the rear side of the covering plate 162 via bolts 160, etc., and the inside of the holding plate 174 is bent toward the rear of the machine body to hold and bend. Form 174a. A first shaft opening 175 through which the lower end of the inter-stock switching lever 170 passes and a recess 176 through which the first connecting pin 119 passes are formed on the rear side of the machine body with respect to the holding bending portion 174a. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 7, the inter-stock switching lever 170 is rotatably held in the front-rear rotation direction (first operation direction) X in a side view.
また、前記第2シフタロッド125の機体後端部には、屈曲部177aを形成した第2レバーアーム177を連結ボルト173で連結し、側面視で屈曲部177aよりも機体前側には、株間切替レバー170が通過する第2軸開口部178が形成されている。 Further, a second lever arm 177 having a bent portion 177a formed is connected to the rear end portion of the body of the second shifter rod 125 by a connecting bolt 173, and an inter-stock switching lever is connected to the front side of the machine body from the bent portion 177a in a side view. A second shaft opening 178 through which 170 passes is formed.
前記第1軸開口部175と第2軸開口部178の内周部には、ゴム等の弾性の有る軟質のリング状部材(図示省略)を設け、株間切替レバー170の前後回動方向Xの操作、及び前後揺動方向Yの操作時に、支点部を捻じって操作可能とし、第1シフタロッド115及び第2シフタロッド125を十分に前後移動操作可能に構成するとよい。 A soft ring-shaped member (not shown) having elasticity such as rubber is provided on the inner peripheral portions of the first shaft opening 175 and the second shaft opening 178, and the back-and-forth rotation direction X of the inter-stock switching lever 170 is provided. It is preferable that the fulcrum portion is twisted during the operation and the operation in the front-rear swing direction Y so that the first shifter rod 115 and the second shifter rod 125 can be sufficiently moved back and forth.
第2シフタロッド125が第2切替アーム及び第2レバーアーム177と連結されていることにより、株間切替レバー170を前後揺動方向(第2操作方向)Yに操作すると、第2シフタロッド125が前後に移動する構成となる。 Since the second shifter rod 125 is connected to the second switching arm and the second lever arm 177, when the inter-stock switching lever 170 is operated in the front-rear swing direction (second operation direction) Y, the second shifter rod 125 moves back and forth. It will be configured to move.
なお、株間切替レバー170の操作グリップ171を設ける一側端部から、前後回動方向Xの回動操作時に支点となる他端部側までの長さは、一例として、少なくとも15cm以上、他の部材や作業者の足との接触しにくさを考慮しつつできるだけ長いものとする。 The length from one side end of the inter-stock switching lever 170 where the operation grip 171 is provided to the other end side which becomes a fulcrum during the rotation operation in the front-back rotation direction X is, for example, at least 15 cm or more, and the other. It should be as long as possible, taking into consideration the difficulty of contact with members and workers' feet.
これにより、前後回動方向Xの回動操作時の株間切替レバー170の操作量が大きくなるので、大幅に株間を切り替えていることを作業者が把握しやすく、小幅に株間を切り替える操作と区別しやすくなり、誤操作の発生が防止される。 As a result, the amount of operation of the inter-stock switching lever 170 during the rotation operation in the front-rear rotation direction X becomes large, so that it is easy for the operator to grasp that the inter-stock switching is being performed significantly, and it is distinguished from the operation of slightly switching between the stocks. It becomes easier to do, and the occurrence of erroneous operation is prevented.
また、株間切替レバー170の前後回動方向Xの回動支点が第1シフタロッド115の近傍であることにより、第2シフタロッド125を前後移動させるべく株間切替レバー170を前後揺動方向Yに操作する際、第1シフタロッド115が前後移動して第1株間ギア機構110が切り替えられ、異なる株間が設定されることが防止される。 Further, since the rotation fulcrum of the inter-stock switching lever 170 in the front-rear rotation direction X is near the first shifter rod 115, the inter-stock switching lever 170 is operated in the front-rear swing direction Y in order to move the second shifter rod 125 back and forth. At that time, the first shifter rod 115 moves back and forth to switch the first inter-stock gear mechanism 110, and it is prevented that different stocks are set.
前記株間切替レバー170の操作グリップ171を設ける側は、走行車体40の左右一側であり、作業者用座席46の下方空間部に設けられる。また、前記変速レバー60は、作業者用座席46の下方空間部において、株間切替レバー170よりも機体内側に配置される。 The side on which the operation grip 171 of the inter-stock switching lever 170 is provided is one side on the left and right sides of the traveling vehicle body 40, and is provided in the lower space portion of the worker seat 46. Further, the speed change lever 60 is arranged inside the machine body with respect to the inter-stock switching lever 170 in the space below the worker's seat 46.
変速レバー60は、機体前後方向に長手方向を有し、前端部を回動支点として左右方向に回転操作することにより、「低速」、「中速」または「高速」のいずれかに切り替える。最も機体外側方向に変速レバー60を操作しても、変速レバー60と株間切替レバー170は干渉し合わない配置とする。これは、株間切替レバー170の操作位置を問わない。 The speed change lever 60 has a longitudinal direction in the front-rear direction of the machine body, and is switched to either "low speed", "medium speed", or "high speed" by rotating the speed change lever 60 in the left-right direction with the front end as a rotation fulcrum. Even if the shift lever 60 is operated in the outermost direction of the machine body, the shift lever 60 and the inter-stock switching lever 170 are arranged so as not to interfere with each other. This does not matter the operating position of the inter-stock switching lever 170.
これにより、作業者は走行車体40の左右の同じ側で株間の設定作業を行うことができるので、株間切替作業時に移動する頻度が抑えられ、作業時間の短縮や労力の軽減が図られる。 As a result, the worker can perform the setting work between the stocks on the same left and right sides of the traveling vehicle body 40, so that the frequency of movement during the stock switching work can be suppressed, and the work time can be shortened and the labor can be reduced.
なお、機体内側に操作すると「低速」、機体外側に操作すると「高速」となる構成とする。 It should be noted that the configuration is such that when operated inside the aircraft, it becomes "low speed", and when operated outside the aircraft, it becomes "high speed".
次に、車速伝動の切り替えと、第1株間ギア機構110及び第2株間ギア機構120を切り替えによる、苗の植付株間の変更について、表1に基づき説明する。なお、表1と同様のラベルを作成し、株間切替レバー170を操作する作業者の視認可能な範囲内に張り付けておくと、株間切替レバー170の操作方向が株間の広くなる側か狭くなる側かを把握しやすくなる。 Next, the change between the planted seedlings by switching the vehicle speed transmission and switching between the first inter-strain gear mechanism 110 and the second inter-strain gear mechanism 120 will be described with reference to Table 1. If the same label as in Table 1 is created and attached within the visible range of the operator who operates the inter-stock switching lever 170, the operating direction of the inter-stock switching lever 170 becomes wider or narrower between the stocks. It becomes easier to grasp.
次に、前記株間切替レバー170を前後回動方向Xに操作すると、第1シフタロッド115が前後方向に揺動して第1キー117の前後位置が変更され、第1株間伝動軸111からカウンタ伝動軸130に伝動する第1株間出力ギアユニット113のギアが変更される。 Next, when the inter-stock switching lever 170 is operated in the front-rear rotation direction X, the first shifter rod 115 swings in the front-rear direction to change the front-rear position of the first key 117, and the counter is transmitted from the first inter-stock transmission shaft 111. The gear of the first inter-stock output gear unit 113 transmitted to the shaft 130 is changed.
第1株間伝動軸111の機体後部側には、第1株間ギア機構110で最も株間を狭く設定する第1株間小径ギア113aが設けられ、機体前部側には、第1株間ギア機構110で最も株間を広く設定する第1株間大径ギア113cが設けられていることにより、図3、図4及び図7に示すとおり、前記株間切替レバー170を前側回動方向XFに回動操作すると株間が大幅に広くなり、後側回動方向XRに回動操作すると株間が大幅に狭くなる。 On the rear side of the machine body of the first inter-stock transmission shaft 111, the first inter-stock small diameter gear 113a for setting the narrowest inter-stock space is provided by the first inter-stock gear mechanism 110, and on the front side of the machine body, the first inter-stock gear mechanism 110 is used. Since the first inter-stock large-diameter gear 113c that sets the widest inter-stock spacing is provided, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 7, when the inter-stock switching lever 170 is rotated in the front rotation direction XF, the inter-stock switching lever 170 is rotated. Is significantly widened, and when the rotation operation is performed in the rear rotation direction XR, the space between the stocks is significantly narrowed.
上記の大幅な株間の変更は、車速の設定にもよるが、「低速」では約3cmごと、「中速」では3〜5cmごと、「高速」では5cmまたは6cmごとに切り替えられる。 The above-mentioned significant changes between stocks are switched every 3 cm at "low speed", every 3 to 5 cm at "medium speed", and every 5 cm or 6 cm at "high speed", depending on the vehicle speed setting.
なお、車速の切替については、最低でも10cm、最大で17cm株間が増減するものであり、第1株間ギア機構110による株間の切替に比べて、より大幅に株間が切り替えられるものである。 Regarding the switching of the vehicle speed, the distance between the stocks is increased or decreased by a minimum of 10 cm and a maximum of 17 cm, and the gears can be switched more significantly than the switching between the stocks by the first inter-stock gear mechanism 110.
次に、前記株間切替レバー170を前後揺動方向Yに操作すると、第2シフタロッド125が前後方向に揺動して第2キー127の前後位置が変更され、カウンタ伝動軸130から第2株間伝動軸121への駆動力を受ける第2株間出力ギアユニット123のギアが変更される。 Next, when the inter-stock switching lever 170 is operated in the front-rear swing direction Y, the second shifter rod 125 swings in the front-rear direction to change the front-rear position of the second key 127, and the counter transmission shaft 130 to the second inter-stock transmission The gear of the second inter-stock output gear unit 123 that receives the driving force to the shaft 121 is changed.
第2株間伝動軸121の機体後部側には、第2株間ギア機構120で最も株間を狭く設定する第2株間小径ギア123aが設けられ、機体前部側には、第2株間ギア機構120で最も株間を広く設定する第2株間大径ギア123cが設けられていることにより、図3、図4及び図7に示すとおり、前記株間切替レバー170を前側揺動方向YFに揺動操作すると株間が小幅に広くなり、後側揺動方向YRに揺動操作すると株間が小幅に狭くなる。 On the rear side of the machine body of the second inter-stock transmission shaft 121, a second inter-stock small diameter gear 123a is provided, which sets the narrowest inter-stock space in the second inter-stock gear mechanism 120, and on the front side of the machine body, the second inter-stock gear mechanism 120 is used. Since the second inter-stock large-diameter gear 123c that sets the widest inter-stock spacing is provided, as shown in FIGS. 3, 4, and 7, when the inter-stock switching lever 170 is swung in the front swing direction YF, the inter-stock switching lever 170 is swung between the stocks. Is narrowed to a small width, and when the rocking operation is performed in the rear swing direction YR, the space between the stocks is narrowed to a small width.
即ち、第1株間ギア機構110と第2株間ギア機構のいずれも、株間を広くするときは、株間切替レバー170を機体前側に回動、または揺動操作するものであると共に、株間を狭くするときは、株間切替レバー170を機体後側に回動、または揺動操作するものである。株間の増減するときに株間切替レバー170の操作方向を統一することにより、作業者が株間の増減操作を間違えることが防止されやすくなる。 That is, in both the first inter-stock gear mechanism 110 and the second inter-stock gear mechanism, when the inter-stock gear mechanism is widened, the inter-stock switching lever 170 is rotated or swung toward the front side of the machine body, and the inter-stock space is narrowed. At this time, the inter-stock switching lever 170 is rotated or swung to the rear side of the machine body. By unifying the operation direction of the inter-stock switching lever 170 when increasing / decreasing between stocks, it becomes easy to prevent the operator from making a mistake in the operation of increasing / decreasing between stocks.
上記の小幅な株間の変更は、車速の設定にもよるが、「低速」では約1cmごと、「中速」及び「高速」では1cmまたは2cmごとに切り替えられる。 The above-mentioned small change between stocks is switched every 1 cm at "low speed" and every 1 cm or 2 cm at "medium speed" and "high speed", although it depends on the setting of the vehicle speed.
なお、前記カウンタ伝動軸130に装着される大径カウンタギア131a、中径カウンタギア131b、小径カウンタギア131cは、第1株間小径ギア113a、第1株間中径ギア113b、第1株間大径ギア113c、及び第2株間小径ギア123a、第2株間中径ギア123b、第2株間大径ギア123cと各々噛み合うが、第1キー117及び第2キー127により選択されたギア同士のみが噛合回転して駆動力を伝動することが可能であり、選択されていない他のギアについては、空転して駆動力の伝動に影響を与えない構成である。 The large-diameter counter gear 131a, the medium-diameter counter gear 131b, and the small-diameter counter gear 131c mounted on the counter transmission shaft 130 are the first inter-stock small-diameter gear 113a, the first inter-stock medium-diameter gear 113b, and the first inter-stock large-diameter gear. The 113c, the second inter-stock small diameter gear 123a, the second inter-stock medium diameter gear 123b, and the second inter-stock large diameter gear 123c are meshed with each other, but only the gears selected by the first key 117 and the second key 127 mesh and rotate. It is possible to transmit the driving force, and the other gears that are not selected are configured so that they do not slip and affect the transmission of the driving force.
上記構成において、例えば株間を37cmとしたいときは、変速レバー60を操作して車速を「中速」に設定し、株間切替レバー170を操作して、第1株間伝動軸111からカウンタ伝動軸130への伝動が第1株間中径ギア113bと中径カウンタギア131bの噛み合いにより行われる設定とすると共に、カウンタ伝動軸130から第2株間伝動軸121への伝動が大径カウンタギア131aと第2株間小径ギア123aの噛み合いにより行われる設定とする。 In the above configuration, for example, when it is desired to set the distance between stocks to 37 cm, the speed change lever 60 is operated to set the vehicle speed to "medium speed", and the inter-stock switching lever 170 is operated to operate the first inter-stock transmission shaft 111 to the counter transmission shaft 130. The transmission to the first stock medium diameter gear 113b and the medium diameter counter gear 131b is set to be performed, and the transmission from the counter transmission shaft 130 to the second stock transmission shaft 121 is performed by the large diameter counter gear 131a and the second. The setting is made by meshing the inter-stock small diameter gear 123a.
また、例えば株間を60cmとしたいときは、変速レバー60を操作して車速を「高速」に設定し、株間切替レバー170を操作して、第1株間伝動軸111からカウンタ伝動軸130への伝動が第1株間大径ギア113cと小径カウンタギア131aの噛み合いにより行われる設定とすると共に、カウンタ伝動軸130から第2株間伝動軸121への伝動が小径カウンタギア131cと第2株間大径ギア123cの噛み合いにより行われる設定とする。 Further, for example, when it is desired to set the distance between the stocks to 60 cm, the speed change lever 60 is operated to set the vehicle speed to "high speed", and the inter-stock switching lever 170 is operated to transmit the transmission from the first inter-stock transmission shaft 111 to the counter transmission shaft 130. Is set to be performed by meshing the first inter-stock large diameter gear 113c and the small diameter counter gear 131a, and the transmission from the counter transmission shaft 130 to the second inter-stock transmission shaft 121 is performed by the small diameter counter gear 131c and the second inter-stock large diameter gear 123c. It is set to be performed by the meshing of.
上記により、本構成の苗移植機は、車速、第1株間ギア機構110及び第2株間ギア機構120が各々三段階に切替可能であるので、二七段階に株間を切り替えられ、地域や栽培方法の違いにより株間を変更させる必要があっても、柔軟に対応が可能である。 According to the above, in the seedling transplanter of this configuration, the vehicle speed, the first inter-strain gear mechanism 110 and the second inter-strain gear mechanism 120 can be switched in three stages, respectively, so that the strains can be switched in 27 stages, and the area and cultivation method can be switched. Even if it is necessary to change the stocks due to the difference in the above, it is possible to respond flexibly.
また、一本の株間切替レバー170を異なる方向に操作することで第1株間ギア機構110と第2株間ギア機構120の切替操作を可能としたことにより、部品数が削減され、機体の軽量化や構成の簡略化が図られる。 In addition, by operating one inter-stock switching lever 170 in different directions, it is possible to switch between the first inter-stock gear mechanism 110 and the second inter-stock gear mechanism 120, which reduces the number of parts and reduces the weight of the machine. And the configuration can be simplified.
特に、第1株間ギア機構110と第2株間ギア機構120を別々の操作部材で操作するものに比べて、操作を忘れて株間の設定が作業者の想定と異なるものになることを防止しやすく、誤った株間での苗の植付が防止され、植付作業のやり直しの必要がなくなる。 In particular, it is easier to prevent the setting between stocks from being different from the operator's assumption by forgetting the operation, as compared with the case where the first inter-stock gear mechanism 110 and the second inter-stock gear mechanism 120 are operated by separate operating members. , The planting of seedlings between wrong stocks is prevented, and there is no need to redo the planting work.
また、第1株間ギア機構110と第2株間ギア機構120の切替操作を、前後回動方向Xと前後揺動方向Yとしたことにより、操作時の動作によりどちらを切り替えているかを作業者が把握しやすくなるので、誤操作により誤った株間が設定されることが防止される。 Further, by setting the switching operation of the first inter-stock gear mechanism 110 and the second inter-stock gear mechanism 120 to the front-rear rotation direction X and the front-rear swing direction Y, the operator can determine which is switched by the operation at the time of operation. Since it is easy to grasp, it is possible to prevent the wrong stock spacing from being set due to an erroneous operation.
これに加えて、株間切替レバー170の前側回動操作XFと前側揺動操作YFが共に株間を広くし、後側回動操作XRと後側揺動操作YRが共に株間を狭くすることにより、株間を広げているか狭めているかを把握しやすくなるので、誤った株間が設定されることがさらに防止される。 In addition to this, the front rotation operation XF and the front swing operation YF of the inter-stock switching lever 170 both widen the space between the stocks, and the rear rotation operation XR and the rear swing operation YR both narrow the space between the stocks. Since it becomes easier to grasp whether the stock spacing is widened or narrowed, it is further prevented that an incorrect stock spacing is set.
また、図5及び図6に示すとおり、正面視または背面視において、伝動軸101、第1株間伝動軸111、カウンタ伝動軸130、第2株間伝動軸121、植付出力軸151及び中継伝動軸140が上下方向に千鳥状に配置されることにより、株間切替ギアケース100の左右幅を狭く構成できるので、ミッションケース39の機体後側の左右一側に配置するスペースが抑えられる。 Further, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, in front view or rear view, the transmission shaft 101, the first inter-stock transmission shaft 111, the counter transmission shaft 130, the second inter-stock transmission shaft 121, the planting output shaft 151, and the relay transmission shaft By arranging the 140s in a staggered manner in the vertical direction, the left-right width of the inter-stock switching gear case 100 can be narrowed, so that the space for arranging the transmission cases 39 on the left and right sides on the rear side of the machine body can be suppressed.
なお、株間切替ギアケース100は上下方向には多少長くなるものの、上下方向の千鳥状配置により、上下長さも抑えられるので、いっそう配置スペースが抑えられる。 Although the inter-stock switching gear case 100 is slightly longer in the vertical direction, the vertical length can be suppressed by the staggered arrangement in the vertical direction, so that the arrangement space can be further reduced.
前記予備苗枠50は、走行車体40の機体外側に突出する苗載支柱51の上部に支持ステー52を設け、該支持ステー52に回動状態と非回動状態を切替可能な苗載回動アーム53を設け、該苗載回動アーム53には上下方向の苗枠フレーム54,54を間隔を開けて配置すると共に、該苗枠フレーム54,54の同じ面に、補充用の苗を収容する苗箱や苗トレイ等の容器を載置する載置台55の一側端部を装着して構成する。 The spare seedling frame 50 is provided with a support stay 52 on the upper part of the seedling mounting column 51 projecting to the outside of the traveling vehicle body 40, and the support stay 52 can switch between a rotating state and a non-rotating state. An arm 53 is provided, and seedling frame frames 54 and 54 in the vertical direction are arranged at intervals on the seedling mounting rotation arm 53, and seedlings for replenishment are housed on the same surface of the seedling frame frames 54 and 54. It is configured by mounting one side end of a mounting table 55 on which a container such as a seedling box or a seedling tray is placed.
該載置台55は、上下方向に一つだけ設けてもよいが、容器の取り出しに支障の無い上下方向の間隔を空けて複数配置してもよい。図 では上下方向に載置台55を三つ設けている。 Only one mounting table 55 may be provided in the vertical direction, but a plurality of mounting tables 55 may be arranged at intervals in the vertical direction so as not to hinder the removal of the container. In the figure, three mounting stands 55 are provided in the vertical direction.
上記構成の予備苗枠50は、走行車体40の左右両側に各々設け、状況に合わせて支持ステー52上で苗載回動アーム53を回動させる。 The spare seedling frame 50 having the above configuration is provided on each of the left and right sides of the traveling vehicle body 40, and the seedling mounting rotation arm 53 is rotated on the support stay 52 according to the situation.
例えば、苗の植付作業時には、載置台55の長手方向を機体前後方向に向けることで、載置台55から苗の容器を取り出したり、空になった容器を戻しやすくすることで、作業能率を向上させることができる。 For example, when planting seedlings, the longitudinal direction of the mounting table 55 is directed to the front-rear direction of the machine body, so that the container for seedlings can be taken out from the mounting table 55 and the empty container can be easily returned to improve work efficiency. Can be improved.
また、この位置では載置台55が走行車体40の左右両側に位置するので、作業者が走行車体40の搭乗可能な部分の端部を把握しやすくなり、走行車体40上から足がはみ出し、姿勢を崩すことが防止される。 Further, since the mounting table 55 is located on both the left and right sides of the traveling vehicle body 40 at this position, it becomes easier for the operator to grasp the end portion of the riding vehicle body 40 on which the vehicle can be boarded, and the legs protrude from the traveling vehicle body 40 and the posture is increased. Is prevented from breaking.
また、走行車体40に作業者が乗り降りするときには、苗載回動アーム53を約90度回動させる。 Further, when the worker gets on and off the traveling vehicle body 40, the seedling mounting rotation arm 53 is rotated by about 90 degrees.
これにより、走行車体40の左右両側に乗り降りの空間部が形成される。 As a result, space for getting on and off is formed on both the left and right sides of the traveling vehicle body 40.
また、作業者は走行車体40の機体前側からも乗り降りすることができるが、苗載回動アーム53を回動させて苗枠フレーム54,54が機体前側に位置し、載置台55が機体後側に位置する状態とすると、作業者は苗枠フレーム54,54を手摺りとして用いることができるので、走行車体40の乗り降りを円滑に行うことができる。 The operator can also get on and off from the front side of the traveling vehicle body 40, but the seedling frame rotating arm 53 is rotated so that the seedling frame frames 54 and 54 are located on the front side of the machine body, and the mounting table 55 is rear of the machine body. When the state is located on the side, the worker can use the seedling frame frames 54 and 54 as handrails, so that the traveling vehicle body 40 can get on and off smoothly.
また、載置台55に苗の容器を積載、あるいは取り出す際、機体後側からであれば容器の積載、取り出しを妨げる部材が無いので、作業能率が向上する。 Further, when loading or unloading the seedling container on the mounting table 55, there is no member that hinders the loading and unloading of the container from the rear side of the machine body, so that the work efficiency is improved.
前記作業者用座席46の走行車体40への取付は、正面視または背面視においてコの字形状であり、エンジン41等の上方を覆う機体カバー48を跨ぐ座席フレーム49のうち、機体左右方向となる部分の上部に装着する。該座席フレーム49の左右両側の下端部は、左右の走行用伝動ケース38,38を左右方向に移動させて、左右の後輪44,44の左右間隔を変更するスライド部のフレーム(図示省略)に連結する。 The worker seat 46 is attached to the traveling vehicle body 40 in a U-shape in front view or rear view, and is in the left-right direction of the machine body among the seat frames 49 straddling the body cover 48 covering the upper part of the engine 41 and the like. It is attached to the upper part of the part. The lower ends of the left and right sides of the seat frame 49 are slide frames (not shown) that move the left and right traveling transmission cases 38, 38 in the left-right direction to change the left-right spacing of the left and right rear wheels 44, 44 (not shown). Connect to.
これにより、座席フレーム49がスライド部の構成部材を兼ねるので、スライド部の強度の向上が図られる。 As a result, the seat frame 49 also serves as a constituent member of the slide portion, so that the strength of the slide portion can be improved.
本発明に係る移植機は、株間の切替操作の誤操作を防止しつつ、作業能率を向上させるものであり、苗株や種芋等の移植対象物を植え付ける植付装置を備えた移植機などに適用でき、産業上の利用可能性が高い。 The transplanter according to the present invention improves work efficiency while preventing erroneous operation of switching between strains, and is applied to a transplanter equipped with a planting device for planting a transplant target such as a seedling or a seed potato. Yes, it has high industrial applicability.
40 走行車体
42 植付装置
43 苗供給装置
50 予備苗枠
51 苗載支柱(固定支柱)
53 苗載回動アーム(苗載回動部材)
54 苗枠フレーム(支柱部材)
55 苗載台
60 変速レバー(変速操作部材)
100 株間切替ギアケース(株間切替機構)
110 第1株間ギア機構(第1切替機構)
113 第1株間出力ギアユニット(第1株間ギアユニット)
114 第1株間シフタ(第1切替シフタ)
120 第2株間ギア機構(第2切替機構)
123 第2株間出力ギアユニット(第2株間ギアユニット)
124 第2株間シフタ(第2切替シフタ)
170 株間切替レバー(株間切替部材)
172 第1レバーアーム(第1連結部材)
177 第2レバーアーム(第2連結部材)
X 第1操作方向
Y 第2操作方向
40 Traveling vehicle body 42 Planting device 43 Seedling supply device 50 Spare seedling frame 51 Seedling support (fixed support)
53 Seedling rotation arm (seedling rotation member)
54 Seedling frame (support member)
55 Seedling stand 60 Shift lever (shift control member)
100 Inter-share switching gear case (Inter-share switching mechanism)
110 1st inter-stock gear mechanism (1st switching mechanism)
113 First Inter-Share Output Gear Unit (First Inter-Share Gear Unit)
114 1st inter-stock shifter (1st switching shifter)
120 Second inter-stock gear mechanism (second switching mechanism)
123 Second inter-stock output gear unit (second inter-stock gear unit)
124 Second stock shifter (second switching shifter)
170 Inter-stock switching lever (inter-stock switching member)
172 1st lever arm (1st connecting member)
177 2nd lever arm (2nd connecting member)
X 1st operation direction Y 2nd operation direction
Claims (4)
該株間切替機構(100)は、大きく株間を増減させる第1切替機構(110)と、小さく株間を増減させる第2切替機構(120)で構成し、
前記株間切替部材(100)は、第1切替機構(110)を切替操作する第1操作方向(X)と、第2切替機構(120)を切替操作する第2操作方向(Y)に操作可能に設けることを特徴とする移植機。 The seedling supply device (43) that supplies seedlings to the traveling vehicle body (40), the planting device (42) that receives seedlings from the seedling supply device (43) and plants them in the field, and the planting device (42) are seedlings. In a transplanter provided with an inter-strain switching mechanism (100) for changing the planting interval and an inter-strain switching member (170) for operating the inter-strain switching mechanism (100).
The inter-strain switching mechanism (100) is composed of a first switching mechanism (110) that greatly increases or decreases the number of stocks and a second switching mechanism (120) that slightly increases or decreases the number of stocks.
The inter-stock switching member (100) can be operated in the first operating direction (X) for switching the first switching mechanism (110) and the second operating direction (Y) for switching the second switching mechanism (120). A transplanter characterized by being installed in.
前記株間切替部材(170)には、第1操作方向(X)に回動操作する第1切替シフタ(114)を移動させる第1連結部材(172)を設けると共に、第2操作方向(Y)に揺動操作すると第2切替シフタ(124)を移動させる第2連結部材(177)を設けたことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の移植機。 The inter-stock switching member (170) can be rotated outside the inter-stock switching mechanism (100) in the front-rear direction of the machine body, which is the first operation direction (X), and in the front-rear direction of the machine body, which is the second operation direction (Y). Slidable support,
The inter-stock switching member (170) is provided with a first connecting member (172) for moving a first switching shifter (114) that is rotated in a first operating direction (X), and is provided with a second operating direction (Y). The transplanter according to claim 1, further comprising a second connecting member (177) that moves the second switching shifter (124) when the second switching shifter (124) is swung.
該予備苗枠(50)は、走行車体(40)に設ける固定支柱(51)と、該固定支柱(51)上に回動可能に設ける苗載回動部材(53)と、該苗載回動部材(53)に支柱部材(54)を介して設ける苗載台(55)で構成し、
前記予備苗枠(50)は、支柱部材(54)が機体前側を向く乗降作業位置と、支柱部材(54)が機体外側を向くと共に苗載台(55)が機体内側を向く植付作業位置とに切替可能としたことを特徴とする請求項1から3のいずれか1項に記載の移植機。 Spare seedling frames (50) for loading containers containing spare seedlings are provided on both the left and right sides of the traveling vehicle body (40).
The spare seedling frame (50) includes a fixed support column (51) provided on the traveling vehicle body (40), a seedling mounting rotating member (53) rotatably provided on the fixed support column (51), and the seedling mounting rotation. It is composed of a seedling stand (55) provided on the moving member (53) via a support member (54).
The spare seedling frame (50) has a boarding / alighting work position in which the support member (54) faces the front side of the machine body and a planting work position in which the support member (54) faces the outside of the machine body and the seedling mounting table (55) faces the inside of the machine body. The transplanter according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the transplanter can be switched to and.
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