JP6834440B2 - ポリイミドフィルムおよび当該フィルムを用いる表示装置 - Google Patents
ポリイミドフィルムおよび当該フィルムを用いる表示装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6834440B2 JP6834440B2 JP2016240454A JP2016240454A JP6834440B2 JP 6834440 B2 JP6834440 B2 JP 6834440B2 JP 2016240454 A JP2016240454 A JP 2016240454A JP 2016240454 A JP2016240454 A JP 2016240454A JP 6834440 B2 JP6834440 B2 JP 6834440B2
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- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 title claims description 193
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims description 215
- -1 alicyclic hydrocarbon Chemical class 0.000 claims description 175
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 95
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 95
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 claims description 57
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 47
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 30
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 29
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 125000002467 phosphate group Chemical group [H]OP(=O)(O[H])O[*] 0.000 claims description 15
- 125000001153 fluoro group Chemical group F* 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 13
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 claims description 12
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001593 boehmite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 6
- FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxidooxidoaluminium Chemical compound O[Al]=O FAHBNUUHRFUEAI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002023 trifluoromethyl group Chemical group FC(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000006001 difluoroethyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000001028 difluoromethyl group Chemical group [H]C(F)(F)* 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 199
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 65
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 65
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 57
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 46
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- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 39
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 38
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 38
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 37
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- 150000002009 diols Chemical class 0.000 description 34
- 229920005575 poly(amic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 34
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 32
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- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 29
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- IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol A Chemical compound C=1C=C(O)C=CC=1C(C)(C)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 IISBACLAFKSPIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 27
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 25
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 25
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 25
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 25
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 25
- NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Chemical compound CC(C)CC(C)=O NTIZESTWPVYFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 24
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 24
- UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl isobutyl ketone Natural products CCC(C)C(C)=O UIHCLUNTQKBZGK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 23
- 229940043265 methyl isobutyl ketone Drugs 0.000 description 23
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 22
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- ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenyl Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC=C1 ZUOUZKKEUPVFJK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 20
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 20
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 19
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 19
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000004962 Polyamide-imide Substances 0.000 description 16
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 16
- 229920002312 polyamide-imide Polymers 0.000 description 16
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 description 16
- UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC=C1 UHOVQNZJYSORNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 125000002723 alicyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 15
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 15
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 15
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 239000004305 biphenyl Substances 0.000 description 13
- 235000010290 biphenyl Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 13
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 13
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 13
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000004383 yellowing Methods 0.000 description 13
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 125000005442 diisocyanate group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 229960004592 isopropanol Drugs 0.000 description 12
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 description 12
- 239000013557 residual solvent Substances 0.000 description 12
- 125000006158 tetracarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 12
- 208000005156 Dehydration Diseases 0.000 description 11
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 11
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- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 11
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetrahydrofuran Chemical compound C1CCOC1 WYURNTSHIVDZCO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 229920001601 polyetherimide Polymers 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 10
- NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N (2s)-2-[[4-[2-(2,4-diaminoquinazolin-6-yl)ethyl]benzoyl]amino]-4-methylidenepentanedioic acid Chemical compound C1=CC2=NC(N)=NC(N)=C2C=C1CCC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(=C)C(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 NAWXUBYGYWOOIX-SFHVURJKSA-N 0.000 description 9
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000004697 Polyetherimide Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 9
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 150000004984 aromatic diamines Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 9
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 9
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 9
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diaminotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1N VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- HLBLWEWZXPIGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Aminophenyl ether Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 HLBLWEWZXPIGSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical compound CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Methylpyrrolidone Chemical compound CN1CCCC1=O SECXISVLQFMRJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M Propionate Chemical compound CCC([O-])=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium isopropoxide Chemical compound [Al+3].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-].CC(C)[O-] SMZOGRDCAXLAAR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N bisphenol F Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 PXKLMJQFEQBVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- NUIURNJTPRWVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-Dimethylbenzidine Chemical group C1=C(N)C(C)=CC(C=2C=C(C)C(N)=CC=2)=C1 NUIURNJTPRWVAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyclohexane Chemical compound C1CCCCC1 XDTMQSROBMDMFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- 238000000935 solvent evaporation Methods 0.000 description 7
- 125000000472 sulfonyl group Chemical group *S(*)(=O)=O 0.000 description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000000000 tetracarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3-triazine Chemical group C1=CN=NN=C1 JYEUMXHLPRZUAT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- ALVZNPYWJMLXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,9-Nonanediol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCO ALVZNPYWJMLXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NVKGJHAQGWCWDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[4-amino-2-(trifluoromethyl)phenyl]-3-(trifluoromethyl)aniline Chemical group FC(F)(F)C1=CC(N)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(N)C=C1C(F)(F)F NVKGJHAQGWCWDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Furan Chemical group C=1C=COC=1 YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Naphthalene Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 UFWIBTONFRDIAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
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- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N adipic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCC(O)=O WNLRTRBMVRJNCN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 6
- VKIRRGRTJUUZHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCC(N)CC1 VKIRRGRTJUUZHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCC DIOQZVSQGTUSAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 6
- KQSABULTKYLFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,5-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1N KQSABULTKYLFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium iodide Chemical compound [K+].[I-] NLKNQRATVPKPDG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 WZCQRUWWHSTZEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,5-Naphthalene diisocyanate Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N=C=O)=CC=CC2=C1N=C=O SBJCUZQNHOLYMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- SDQROPCSKIYYAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyloctane-1,8-diol Chemical compound OCC(C)CCCCCCO SDQROPCSKIYYAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- JRBJSXQPQWSCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3'-Dimethoxybenzidine Chemical group C1=C(N)C(OC)=CC(C=2C=C(OC)C(N)=CC=2)=C1 JRBJSXQPQWSCCF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(aminomethyl)-3,5,5-trimethylcyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound CC1(C)CC(N)CC(C)(CN)C1 RNLHGQLZWXBQNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- SXFJDZNJHVPHPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylpentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCC(C)CCO SXFJDZNJHVPHPH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane-1,5-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCO ALQSHHUCVQOPAS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
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- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 5
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- RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluorene Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C3=C[CH]C=CC3=CC2=C1 RMBPEFMHABBEKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
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- NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N o-biphenylenemethane Natural products C1=CC=C2CC3=CC=CC=C3C2=C1 NIHNNTQXNPWCJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
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- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane Chemical compound FC(F)(F)CC(F)(F)F NSGXIBWMJZWTPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-dioxolane Chemical compound C1COCO1 WNXJIVFYUVYPPR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZBMISJGHVWNWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-aminophenoxy)aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1OC1=CC=CC(N)=C1 ZBMISJGHVWNWTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
本発明のフィルム(ポリイミドフィルム)は、ポリイミド樹脂および金属酸化物フィラーを必須に含む。ここで、フィルム(ポリイミドフィルム)の厚さは特に制限されないが、フィルムの厚さ(乾燥膜厚)が、例えば、1〜200μm、特に10〜100μmの範囲内であることが好ましい。このような膜厚のフィルムであれば、フレキシブルプリント基板としても十分な強度及び透明性を発揮できる。
本発明のフィルム(ポリイミドフィルム)は、ポリイミド樹脂(ポリイミド)を必須に含む。ここで、ポリイミド樹脂は、イミド構造を有する樹脂(以下、「ポリイミド」ともいう)であり、繰り返し単位にイミド結合を含む高分子である。ポリイミドは、ジアミンまたはその誘導体と酸無水物またはその誘導体とから形成されることが好ましい。
a)トリカルボン酸;トリメリット酸、ジフェニルエーテル−3,3’,4’−トリカルボン酸、ジフェニルスルホン−3,3’,4’−トリカルボン酸、ベンゾフェノン−3,3’,4’−トリカルボン酸、ナフタレン−1,2,4−トリカルボン酸、ブタン−1,2,4−トリカルボン酸などのトリカルボン酸等の一無水物、エステル化物などの単独、または2種以上の混合物;
b)テトラカルボン酸;3,3,4’,4’−ベンゾフェノンテトラカルボン酸、3,3,4’,4’−ビフェニルテトラカルボン酸、ジフェニルスルホン−3,3’,4,4’−テトラカルボン酸、ナフタレン−2,3,6,7−テトラカルボン酸、ナフタレン−1,2,4,5−テトラカルボン酸、ナフタレン−1,4,5,8−テトラカルボン酸、ブタン−1,2,3,4−テトラカルボン酸、シクロペンタン−1,2,3,4−テトラカルボン酸一無水物、二無水物、エステル化物などの単独、または2種以上の混合物;および
c)ジカルボン酸;アジピン酸、アゼライン酸、セバシン酸、シクロヘキサン−4,4’−ジカルボン酸のジカルボン酸、及びこれらの一無水物やエステル化物。
本発明のフィルム(ポリイミドフィルム)は、ポリイミド樹脂に加えて、金属酸化物フィラーを必須に含む。これにより、ポリイミド樹脂は、自身のカルボニル基(−C(=O)−)と金属酸化物フィラー表面に存在する官能基との水素結合または双極子−双極子相互作用を介して金属酸化物フィラー表面に固定化され、樹脂内の分子の再配列(ゆえにCT錯体形成性)が抑制できる。ゆえに、金属酸化物フィラーをポリイミド樹脂に混合して形成されるフィルムは、温湿度が変動する環境(特に高温高湿環境)下でも黄変やヘイズの低下を抑制し、耐久性に優れる。金属酸化物フィラーの含有量は、特に制限されないが、ポリイミド樹脂に対して、0.1〜30質量%であることが好ましく、0.5〜20質量%であることがより好ましく、1〜10質量%であることが特に好ましい。ポリイミド樹脂及び金属酸化物フィラーをこのような割合で含むフィルムは、高温高湿度の環境下での黄変及び濁りをさらに有効に抑制でき、このような厳しい条件下であっても高い視認性を発揮できる。
具体的には、上記で得られた金属酸化物フィラー前駆体(水系金属酸化物ゾル)に、有機溶媒及び表面被覆剤を添加、混合した後、溶媒置換を行う。溶媒置換の方法は、特に制限されないが、例えば、限外濾過膜を使用する方法、水と有機溶媒の沸点差を利用した脱水方法などが使用できる。なお、表面修飾剤は、上記したのと同様であるため、ここでは説明を省略する。
以下では、ポリイミドフィルムの製造方法の具体例を説明する。なお、下記形態は好ましい形態であり、本発明は下記形態に限定されない。
本工程では、ポリイミド、金属酸化物フィラーおよび溶媒、ならびに必要であれば他の添加剤を混合してドープ(主ドープ)を調製する。ここで、ポリイミド、金属酸化物フィラーおよび必要であれば使用してもよい他の添加剤は上述したのと同様であるため、ここでは説明を省略する。
本工程では、上記(ドープ調製工程)で調製したドープ(主ドープ)を支持体上に流延して流延膜を形成する。例えば、ドープを送液ポンプ(例えば、加圧型定量ギヤポンプ)を通してダイスに送液し、無限に移送する無端の支持体、例えば、ステンレスベルトまたは回転する金属ドラム等の金属支持体上の流延位置(例えば、無端ベルト流延装置)に、ダイスからドープを流延する。
本工程では、支持体上で流延膜から溶媒を蒸発させる。すなわち、溶媒蒸発工程は、金属支持体上で行われ、流延膜を金属支持体上で加熱し、溶媒を蒸発させる予備乾燥工程である。
本工程では、上記(溶媒蒸発工程)で金属支持体上で溶媒が蒸発した流延膜を剥離位置で支持体から剥離する。
第1乾燥工程は、フィルムを加熱し、溶媒を更に蒸発させる乾燥工程である。乾燥手段は特に制限されず、例えば、熱風、赤外線、加熱ローラー、マイクロ波等を用いることができる。簡便さの観点からは、千鳥状に配置したローラーでフィルムを搬送しながら、熱風等で乾燥を行うことが好ましい。乾燥温度は、残留溶媒量及び搬送における伸縮率等を考慮して、30〜200℃の範囲が好ましい。
本工程では、フィルムを延伸する。このように金属支持体から剥離されたフィルムを延伸することで、フィルムの膜厚や平坦性、配向性等を制御することができる。
・長手方向に延伸→幅手方向に延伸→長手方向に延伸→長手方向に延伸
・幅手方向に延伸→幅手方向に延伸→長手方向に延伸→長手方向に延伸
また、同時二軸延伸には、一方向に延伸し、もう一方を、張力を緩和して収縮する場合も含まれる。
本工程では、上記延伸後のフィルムを更に加熱して乾燥させる。熱風等によりフィルムを加熱する場合、使用済みの熱風(溶媒を含んだエアーや濡れ込みエアー)を排気できるノズルを設置して、使用済み熱風の混入を防ぐ手段も好ましく用いられる。熱風温度は、40〜350℃の範囲がより好ましい。また、乾燥時間は5秒〜30分程度が好ましく、10秒〜15分がより好ましい。
本工程では、上記にて得られたフィルムを巻き取る。好ましくは、巻取り工程では、得られたフィルムを巻き取った後、室温まで冷却する。巻取り機は、一般的に使用されているもので良く、例えば、定テンション法、定トルク法、テーパーテンション法、内部応力一定のプログラムテンションコントロール法等の巻取り方法で巻き取ることができる。
上述したように、ポリイミドの代わりにポリアミド酸を使用する場合には、上記延伸後のフィルムを加熱処理してイミド化することが好ましい。具体的には、上記巻取り工程後に、ポリマー鎖分子内及びポリマー鎖分子間でのイミド化を進行させて機械的特性を向上させるべく、上記第2乾燥工程で乾燥したフィルムを更に熱処理する加熱工程を行う。
500mlの四つ口フラスコに、イオン交換水130g及び酢酸8.8g(0.146mol)を仕込み、得られた混合物を、撹拌しながら、30℃(液温)になるように加熱した。これに、アルミニウムイソプロポキシド27g(0.132mol)を、30分かけて滴下し、イソプロピルアルコールを留去しながら、95℃(液温)になるように加熱して、同温度で30分間加水分解を行った。次に、この混合物を、オートクレーブで、撹拌しながら、150℃で6時間、反応を行った。所定時間反応を行った後、反応液を室温(25℃)に冷却して、アルミナフィラー前駆体1を含む溶液(固形分濃度:約5質量%)を得た。ここで、アルミナフィラー前駆体1の平均直径及び平均長さは、それぞれ、4nm及び3000nm(アスペクト比=750)であった。
500mlの四つ口フラスコに、イオン交換水130g及び酢酸6.8g(0.112mol)を仕込み、得られた混合物を、撹拌しながら、30℃(液温)になるように加熱した。これに、アルミニウムイソプロポキシド27g(0.132mol)を、30分かけて滴下し、イソプロピルアルコールを留去しながら、95℃(液温)になるように加熱して、同温度で30分加水分解を行った。次に、この混合物を、オートクレーブで、撹拌しながら、160℃で6時間、反応を行った。所定時間反応を行った後、反応液を室温(25℃)に冷却して、アルミナフィラー前駆体2を含む溶液(固形分濃度:約5質量%)を得た。ここで、アルミナフィラー前駆体2の平均直径及び平均長さは、それぞれ、4nm及び500nm(アスペクト比=125)であった。
500mlの四つ口フラスコに、イオン交換水130g及び酢酸15.6g(0.257mol)を仕込み、得られた混合物を、撹拌しながら、30℃(液温)になるように加熱した。これに、アルミニウムイソプロポキシド35g(0.171mol)を、30分かけて滴下し、イソプロピルアルコールを留去しながら、95℃(液温)になるように加熱して、同温度で30分加水分解を行った。次に、この混合物を、オートクレーブで、撹拌しながら、160℃で6時間、反応を行った。所定時間反応を行った後、反応液を室温(25℃)に冷却して、アルミナフィラー前駆体3を含む溶液(固形分濃度:約5質量%)を得た。ここで、アルミナフィラー前駆体3の平均直径及び平均長さは、それぞれ、4nm及び10000nm(アスペクト比=2500)であった。
500mlの四つ口フラスコに、イオン交換水130g及び酢酸1.1g(0.158mol)を仕込み、得られた混合物を、撹拌しながら、30℃(液温)になるように加熱した。これに、アルミニウムイソプロポキシド27g(0.132mol)を、30分かけて滴下し、イソプロピルアルコールを留去しながら、95℃(液温)になるように加熱して、同温度で30分加水分解を行った。次に、この混合物を、オートクレーブで、撹拌しながら、150℃で10時間、反応を行った。所定時間反応を行った後、反応液を室温(25℃)に冷却して、アルミナフィラー前駆体4を含む溶液(固形分濃度:約5質量%)を得た。ここで、アルミナフィラー前駆体4の平均直径及び平均長さは、それぞれ、10nm及び5000nm(アスペクト比=500)であった。
500mlの四つ口フラスコに、イオン交換水130g及び酢酸15.6g(0.257mol)を仕込み、得られた混合物を、撹拌しながら、30℃(液温)になるように加熱した。これに、アルミニウムイソプロポキシド35g(0.171mol)を、30分かけて滴下し、イソプロピルアルコールを留去しながら、95℃(液温)になるように加熱して、同温度で30分加水分解を行った。次に、この混合物を、オートクレーブで、撹拌しながら、160℃で12時間、反応を行った。所定時間反応を行った後、反応液を室温(25℃)に冷却して、アルミナフィラー前駆体5を含む溶液(固形分濃度:約5質量%)を得た。ここで、アルミナフィラー前駆体5の平均直径及び平均長さは、それぞれ、30nm及び10,000nm(アスペクト比=333)であった。
500mlの四つ口フラスコに、イオン交換水130g及び酢酸17.7g(0.293mol)を仕込み、得られた混合物を、撹拌しながら、30℃(液温)になるように加熱した。これに、アルミニウムイソプロポキシド40g(0.195mol)を、30分かけて滴下し、イソプロピルアルコールを留去しながら、95℃(液温)になるように加熱して、同温度で30分加水分解を行った。次に、この混合物を、オートクレーブで、撹拌しながら、160℃で6時間、反応を行った。所定時間反応を行った後、反応液を室温(25℃)に冷却して、アルミナフィラー前駆体6を含む溶液(固形分濃度:約5質量%)を得た。ここで、アルミナフィラー前駆体6の平均直径及び平均長さは、それぞれ、4nm及び15,000nm(アスペクト比=3750)であった。
500mlの四つ口フラスコに、イオン交換水130g及び酢酸6.8g(0.112mol)を仕込み、得られた混合物を、撹拌しながら、30℃(液温)になるように加熱した。これに、アルミニウムイソプロポキシド27g(0.132mol)を、30分かけて滴下し、イソプロピルアルコールを留去しながら、95℃(液温)になるように加熱して、同温度で30分加水分解を行った。次に、この混合物を、オートクレーブで、撹拌しながら、160℃で10時間、反応を行った。所定時間反応を行った後、反応液を室温(25℃)に冷却して、アルミナフィラー前駆体7を含む溶液(固形分濃度:約5質量%)を得た。ここで、アルミナフィラー前駆体7の平均直径及び平均長さは、それぞれ、10nm及び250nm(アスペクト比=25)であった。
上記製造例1と同様にして、アルミナフィラー前駆体1を作製し、このようにして得られたアルミナフィラーをフィラー8と称する。得られたフィラー8の短径(y)及び長径(x)は、それぞれ、4nm及び3,000nm(アスペクト比(x/y)=750)であった。なお、本例では、フィラー8の短径および長径は、それぞれ、平均直径および平均長さに相当するものであった。
上記製造例1と同様にして、アルミナフィラー前駆体1を作製した。
上記製造例1と同様にして、アルミナフィラー前駆体1を作製した。
上記製造例1と同様にして、アルミナフィラー前駆体1を作製した。
500mlの四つ口フラスコに、イオン交換水130g及び酢酸8.8g(0.146mol)を仕込み、得られた混合物を、撹拌しながら、30℃(液温)になるように加熱した。これに、オルトケイ酸テトラエチル30g(0.142mol)を、30分かけて滴下し、イソプロピルアルコールを留去しながら、95℃(液温)になるように加熱して、同温度で30分加水分解を行った。次に、この混合物を、オートクレーブで、撹拌しながら、150℃で6時間、反応を行った。所定時間反応を行った後、反応液を室温(25℃)に冷却して、シリカフィラー前駆体を含む溶液(固形分濃度:約5質量%)を得た。ここで、シリカフィラー前駆体の平均直径及び平均長さは、それぞれ、8nm及び3,000nm(アスペクト比=375)であった。
500mlの四つ口フラスコに、イオン交換水130g及び酢酸8.8g(0.146mol)を仕込み、得られた混合物を、撹拌しながら、30℃(液温)になるように加熱した。これに、テトラプロポキシジルコニウム(IV)45g(0.138mol)を、30分かけて滴下し、イソプロピルアルコールを留去しながら、95℃(液温)になるように加熱して、同温度で30分加水分解を行った。次に、この混合物を、オートクレーブで、撹拌しながら、150℃で6時間、反応を行った。所定時間反応を行った後、反応液を室温(25℃)に冷却して、ジルコニアフィラー前駆体を含む溶液(固形分濃度:約5質量%)を得た。ここで、ジルコニアフィラー前駆体の平均直径及び平均長さは、それぞれ、8nm及び3,000nm(アスペクト比=375)であった。
アルミナ粒子(平均粒子径(直径):31nm、粒子形状:球状、シーアイ化成株式会社製、製品名:NanoTek(登録商標)Al2O3)をフィラー14と称する。
シリカ粒子(平均粒子径(直径):7nm、粒子形状:球状、Evonik Industries製、製品名:AEROSIL(登録商標)R812)をフィラー15と称する。
3000Lの反応釜中で、2,2−ビス(3,4−ジカルボキシフェニル)−1,1,1,3,3,3−ヘキサフルオロプロパン二無水物(酸無水物A)(ダイキン工業社製)0.43tをN,N−ジメチルアセトアミド(1.68t)に加え、窒素気流下、室温で撹拌した。
製造例Aにおいて、酸無水物AおよびジアミンAの代わりに、それぞれ、下記表2に示される酸無水物およびジアミンを使用した以外は、製造例Aと同様にして、ポリイミドB〜D溶液をそれぞれ調製した。なお、本例において、酸無水物およびジアミンは、それぞれ、酸無水物AおよびジアミンAと等モルとなるような量で用いた。
加圧溶解タンクに、ジクロロメタン(沸点:40℃)1200質量部を添加した。この加圧溶解タンクに、製造例Aにて調製したポリイミドA 100質量部(ポリイミドAとしての添加量(固形分換算))および製造例1にて作製したフィラー1のメチルイソブチルケトン分散液 5質量部(フィラー1としての添加量(固形分換算))を撹拌しながら投入した。この混合物を加熱し、撹拌しながら、ポリイミドAを完全に溶解し、主ドープ(固形分濃度=約7質量%)を調製した(ドープ調製工程)。
実施例1において、ポリイミドおよびフィラーの種類ならびにフィラーの添加量を下記表3に記載されるように変更した以外は同様にして、ポリイミドフィルム2〜26を作製した。
各ポリイミドフィルムの全光線透過率は、23℃、55%RHの空調室で24時間調湿したフィルム(試料)1枚(大きさ:5cm×5cm)を、JIS K7375:2008に従って、(株)日立ハイテクノロジーズの分光光度計U−3300を用いて可視光領域(400〜700nmの範囲)の透過率を測定し、平均値(%)を求め、これを全光線透過率(%)とした。
各ポリイミドフィルムのヘイズ(全ヘイズ)(%)を、JIS K7136:2000に準拠して、ヘーズメーターNDH−2000(日本電色工業株式会社製)にて測定した。ヘーズメーターの光源は、5V9Wのハロゲン球とし、受光部は、シリコンフォトセル(比視感度フィルター付き)とした。ヘイズ(%)の測定は、23℃、55%RHの条件下にて行った。このようにして測定されたヘイズ(%)を、下記表では、「初期ヘイズ(%)」と称する。
各ポリイミドフィルムの黄色度(%)(イエローインデックス、YI)は、JIS K7373:2006に定められているフィルムのYI(イエローインデックス:黄色味の指数)に従って求めることができる。詳細には、黄色度(%)の測定方法としては、各フィルムサンプルを作製し、(株)日立ハイテクノロジーズの分光光度計U−3300と附属の彩度計算プログラム等を用いて、JIS Z8701:1999に定められている光源色の三刺激値X、Y、Zを求め、下式の定義に従って黄色度(%)を求める。このようにして測定された黄色度(%)を、下記表では、「初期YI(%)」と称する。
以下の方法に従って、実施例1〜8および12〜15、参考例16〜18ならびに比較例1〜8にて作製した各ポリイミドフィルムを用いて、それぞれ、有機EL表示装置1〜14、18〜26を作製し、評価した。
各ポリイミドフィルムの片面上に、下記ハードコート層を設けてハードコート層付きポリイミドフィルムを作製した。
下記材料を撹拌、混合して、ハードコート層組成物を調製した。
以下、フッ素−シロキサングラフトポリマーIの調製に用いた素材の市販品名を示す。
片末端ラジカル重合性ポリシロキサン(B):サイラプレーン(登録商標)FM−0721(数平均分子量5000;JNC(株)製)
ラジカル重合開始剤:パーブチル(登録商標)O(t−ブチルパーオキシ−2−エチルヘキサノエート;日本油脂(株)製)
硬化剤:スミジュール(登録商標)N3200(ヘキサメチレンジイソシアネートのビウレット型プレポリマー;住化バイエルウレタン(株)製)
まず、次のようにしてラジカル重合性フッ素樹脂(FA)を調製した。機械式撹拌装置、温度計、コンデンサー及び乾燥窒素ガス導入口を備えたガラス製反応器に、セフラルコート(登録商標)CF−803(1554質量部)、キシレン(233質量部)、及び2−イソシアナトエチルメタクリレート(6.3質量部)を入れ、乾燥窒素雰囲気下で80℃に加熱した。80℃で2時間反応し、サンプリング物の赤外吸収スペクトルによりイソシアネートの吸収が消失したことを確認した後、反応混合物を取り出し、ウレタン結合を介して50質量%のラジカル重合性フッ素樹脂(FA)を得た。
厚さ120μmのポリビニルアルコールフィルムを、一軸延伸(温度110℃、延伸倍率5倍)した。これをヨウ素0.075g、ヨウ化カリウム5g、水100gからなる水溶液に60秒間浸漬し、次いでヨウ化カリウム6g、ホウ酸7.5g、水100gからなる68℃の水溶液に浸漬した。これを水洗、乾燥して偏光子を得た。
透明基板として上記実施例、参考例及び比較例で作製したポリイミドフィルム1〜14、18〜26を用い、その上にクロムからなる反射電極を形成し、更に当該反射電極上にITO(スズドープ酸化インジウム)からなる陽極を形成した。
作製した有機EL表示デバイスに、上記作製した円偏光板を積層し、更にその上に前面部材として、上記作製したハードコート層付きポリイミドフィルムをハードコート層が最表層となるように接着層を介して積層し、有機EL表示装置1〜26を作製した。
作製した有機EL表示装置について、白の発色および黒の発色に関する画質の官能評価を行った。官能評価は下記基準で行った。結果を下記表4に示す。なお、白の発色は○及び◎であれば許容される。また、黒の発色は○及び◎であれば許容される。
Claims (7)
- ポリイミド樹脂および金属酸化物フィラーを含むフィルムであって、
前記金属酸化物フィラーは、アスペクト比(長径/短径)が110〜2000でありかつ平均直径が1〜10nmであり、前記金属酸化物フィラーの表面にスルホン酸基(−SO3H)、カルボキシル基(−COOH)およびホスフェート基(−P(=O)(OH)3−n;n=1または2)からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の基を有する化合物を有し、
前記ポリイミド樹脂は、下記式(A):
Aは、炭素数2〜39の2価の脂肪族炭化水素、脂環式炭化水素若しくは芳香族炭化水素由来の2価の基またはこれらの組み合わせからなる2価の基を表し、ここで、Aが上記いずれか2以上の組み合わせである場合には、これらは、−O−、−SO 2 −、−CO−、−CH 2 −、−C(CH 3 ) 2 −、−OSi(CH 3 ) 2 −、−C 2 H 4 O−、−CF 2 −、−C(CF 3 ) 2 −、−OSi(CF 3 ) 2 −、−C 2 F 4 O−及び−S−からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも一つの結合基を介して連結されてもよく、Aで表わされる芳香族炭化水素環、芳香族複素環、炭素数4〜39の脂肪族炭化水素若しくは脂環式炭化水素中の少なくとも1つの水素原子が、フッ素原子、モノフルオロメチル基(−CFH 2 )、ジフルオロメチル基(−CF 2 H)、トリフルオロメチル基(−CF 3 )、モノフルオロエチル基(−CFH−CH 3 、−CH 2 −CFH 2 )またはジフルオロエチル基(−CF 2 −CH 3 、−CFH−CFH 2 、−CH 2 −CF 2 H)で置換される、
で表される繰り返し単位を有するポリイミド樹脂である、フィルム。 - 前記金属酸化物がアルミナまたはベーマイトである、請求項1に記載のフィルム。
- 前記式(A)において、Rが下記構造式:
- 前記化合物がアリール基を有する、請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
- 前記金属酸化物フィラーの含有量が、前記ポリイミド樹脂に対して、0.1〜30質量%である、請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
- 全光線透過率が80%以上であり、初期黄色度(初期YI)および初期ヘイズの少なくとも一方が3%以下である、請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載のフィルム。
- 請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載のフィルムを前面板として有する表示装置。
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