JP6818942B1 - Heat storage type water heater - Google Patents

Heat storage type water heater Download PDF

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JP6818942B1
JP6818942B1 JP2020519154A JP2020519154A JP6818942B1 JP 6818942 B1 JP6818942 B1 JP 6818942B1 JP 2020519154 A JP2020519154 A JP 2020519154A JP 2020519154 A JP2020519154 A JP 2020519154A JP 6818942 B1 JP6818942 B1 JP 6818942B1
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heat
heat storage
storage material
container
erythritol
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JPWO2021075040A1 (en
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純一 中園
純一 中園
俊圭 鈴木
俊圭 鈴木
浅岡　龍徳
龍徳 浅岡
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
Shinshu University NUC
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Shinshu University NUC
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
    • C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
    • C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H7/00—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release
    • F24H7/02—Storage heaters, i.e. heaters in which the energy is stored as heat in masses for subsequent release the released heat being conveyed to a transfer fluid

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Abstract

蓄熱式給湯器は、容器と、容器の内部に充填された蓄熱材と、容器の内部に収容され、第１の熱媒と熱交換して蓄熱材に蓄熱すると共に、第２の熱媒と熱交換して蓄熱材から放熱させる熱交換器と、を備えている。蓄熱材は、エリスリトールと水とを有している。水に対するエリスリトールの混合比率は、重量比６０［ｗｔ％］以上８０［ｗｔ％］以下である。The heat storage type water heater is housed in the container, the heat storage material filled inside the container, and the heat exchange with the first heat medium to store heat in the heat storage material, and also with the second heat medium. It is equipped with a heat exchanger that exchanges heat and dissipates heat from the heat storage material. The heat storage material has erythritol and water. The mixing ratio of erythritol to water is 60 [wt%] or more and 80 [wt%] or less by weight.

Description

本発明は、エリスリトール及び水を有する蓄熱材を備えた蓄熱式給湯器に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a heat storage type water heater provided with a heat storage material having erythritol and water.

従来、蓄熱材を使用した蓄熱式給湯器が知られている。蓄熱式給湯器の蓄熱材は、一般的に水が使用されるが、体積あたりの蓄熱量が多い固体から液体に相変化する際の潜熱を利用した潜熱蓄熱材も使用される。例えば特許文献１には、蓄熱式給湯器の蓄熱材として、糖アルコールの一種であるエリスリトールを使用した構成が開示されている。 Conventionally, a heat storage type water heater using a heat storage material is known. Water is generally used as the heat storage material of the heat storage type water heater, but a latent heat storage material that utilizes the latent heat when the phase changes from a solid to a liquid having a large amount of heat storage per volume is also used. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a configuration using erythritol, which is a kind of sugar alcohol, as a heat storage material for a heat storage type water heater.

特開２０００−０８７０２０号公報Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-087020

エリスリトールは、他の種類の潜熱蓄熱材に比べて潜熱量が多く、潜熱を放出する際の温度が融点１１９℃と高いため、蓄熱材として広く使用されている。しかし、給湯などの１００℃以下で使用する給湯器等のシステム機器に、蓄熱材としてエリスリトールを使用すると、エリスリトールの融点が高いことが原因で、相変化時にエリスリトールの潜熱を十分に放出することができず、蓄熱量が低下するおそれがある。そのため、給湯器などのシステム機器に、蓄熱材としてエリスリトールを使用する場合、十分な蓄熱量が得られるだけの蓄熱材を容器に充填する必要があり、機器が大型化するおそれがある。 Erythritol is widely used as a heat storage material because it has a larger amount of latent heat than other types of latent heat storage materials and has a high melting point of 119 ° C. when releasing the latent heat. However, when erythritol is used as a heat storage material in system equipment such as water heaters used at 100 ° C or lower, such as hot water supply, the latent heat of erythritol may be sufficiently released during a phase change due to the high melting point of erythritol. This may not be possible and the amount of heat storage may decrease. Therefore, when erythritol is used as a heat storage material in a system device such as a water heater, it is necessary to fill the container with a heat storage material sufficient to obtain a sufficient amount of heat storage, which may increase the size of the device.

本発明は、上記のような課題を解決するためになされたもので、給湯などの１００℃以下で使用するシステム機器に、エリスリトールを主成分とした蓄熱材を使用した場合であっても、蓄熱量の低下を抑制することにより、全体として小型化を実現することができる、蓄熱式給湯器を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and heat storage is performed even when a heat storage material containing erythritol as a main component is used for a system device used at 100 ° C or lower such as a hot water supply. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heat storage type water heater that can realize miniaturization as a whole by suppressing a decrease in the amount.

本発明に係る蓄熱式給湯器は、内部で熱交換が行なわれる容器と、前記容器の内部に充填された蓄熱材と、前記容器の内部に収容され、第１の熱媒と熱交換して前記蓄熱材に蓄熱すると共に、第２の熱媒と熱交換して前記蓄熱材から放熱させる熱交換器と、前記蓄熱材を流動させる装置と、を備え、前記蓄熱材は、エリスリトールと該エリスリトールを溶解する水とを有し、前記水に対する前記エリスリトールの混合比率は、重量比６０［ｗｔ％］以上８０［ｗｔ％］以下であり、前記蓄熱材は、放熱時において、前記エリスリトールが析出された固相部と、前記エリスリトールの固相が析出していない水溶液部とに分離し、前記蓄熱材を流動させる装置によって前記蓄熱材を流動し、前記固相部が前記容器の下部に堆積し、前記水溶液部が前記固相部の上に位置する構成である。 In the heat storage type water heater according to the present invention, a container in which heat exchange is performed, a heat storage material filled in the container, and a heat storage material contained in the container are housed in the container and exchange heat with a first heat medium. The heat storage material includes a heat exchanger that stores heat in the heat storage material and exchanges heat with a second heat medium to dissipate heat from the heat storage material, and a device for flowing the heat storage material. The heat storage material includes erythritol and the erythritol. The mixing ratio of the erythritol to the water is 60 [wt%] or more and 80 [wt%] or less by weight, and the heat storage material is such that the erythritol is precipitated at the time of heat dissipation. The solid phase portion and the aqueous solution portion in which the solid phase of the erythritol is not precipitated are separated, the heat storage material is flowed by a device for flowing the heat storage material, and the solid phase portion is deposited on the lower part of the container. , The aqueous solution portion is located above the solid phase portion .

本発明によれば、エリスリトールと水とを有し、水に対するエリスリトールの混合比率を重量比６０［ｗｔ％］以上８０［ｗｔ％］以下とした蓄熱材を用いているので、エリスリトールが水に溶解することにより、エリスリトールが相変化する温度（融点）を、給湯用途の４０℃〜９０℃の範囲で使用する場合に適する６０℃〜９０℃に低下させることができる。これにより、エリスリトールの潜熱を十分に放出させることができ、蓄熱材の蓄熱量を向上させることができる。よって、給湯などの１００℃以下で使用するシステム機器に、エリスリトールを主成分とした蓄熱材を使用した場合であっても、蓄熱材の蓄熱量を向上させることができるため、容器に充填する蓄熱材の量を削減することで、全体として小型化を実現することができる。 According to the present invention, since a heat storage material having erythritol and water and having a mixing ratio of erythritol to water having a weight ratio of 60 [wt%] or more and 80 [wt%] or less is used, erythritol is dissolved in water. By doing so, the temperature (melting point) at which erythritol changes in phase can be lowered to 60 ° C. to 90 ° C., which is suitable for use in the range of 40 ° C. to 90 ° C. for hot water supply. As a result, the latent heat of erythritol can be sufficiently released, and the amount of heat stored in the heat storage material can be improved. Therefore, even when a heat storage material containing erythritol as a main component is used for a system device used at 100 ° C. or lower such as a hot water supply, the heat storage amount of the heat storage material can be improved, so that the heat storage material to be filled in the container can be improved. By reducing the amount of material, it is possible to realize miniaturization as a whole.

実施の形態１に係る蓄熱式給湯器であって、蓄熱材の放熱時における状態の内部構成を示した模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the internal structure of the state at the time of heat dissipation of the heat storage material which is the heat storage type water heater which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. 水に対するエリスリトールの混合比率と蓄熱材の融点との関係を示したグラフである。It is a graph which showed the relationship between the mixing ratio of erythritol with respect to water, and the melting point of a heat storage material. 水に対するエリスリトールの混合比率と蓄熱材の単位面積あたりの熱量との関係を示したグラフである。It is a graph which showed the relationship between the mixing ratio of erythritol with respect to water, and the amount of heat per unit area of a heat storage material. 実施の形態１に係る蓄熱式給湯器の変形例を示した模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which showed the modification of the heat storage type water heater which concerns on Embodiment 1. FIG. 実施の形態２に係る蓄熱式給湯器であって、蓄熱材の放熱時における状態の内部構成を示した模式図である。It is a schematic diagram which shows the internal structure of the state at the time of heat dissipation of the heat storage material which is the heat storage type water heater which concerns on Embodiment 2.

以下、図面を参照して、本発明の実施の形態について説明する。なお、各図中、同一又は相当する部分には、同一符号を付して、その説明を適宜省略又は簡略化する。また、各図に記載の構成について、その形状、大きさ、及び配置等は、本発明の範囲内で適宜変更することができる。 Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In each figure, the same or corresponding parts are designated by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof will be omitted or simplified as appropriate. In addition, the shape, size, arrangement, etc. of the configurations shown in each figure can be appropriately changed within the scope of the present invention.

実施の形態１．
（蓄熱式給湯器１００の構成）
図１は、実施の形態１に係る蓄熱式給湯器であって、蓄熱材の放熱時における状態の内部構成を示した模式図である。本実施の形態１に係る蓄熱式給湯器１００は、図１に示すように、容器１と、蓄熱材２と、第１の熱媒と熱交換して蓄熱材２に蓄熱すると共に、第２の熱媒と熱交換して蓄熱材２から放熱させる熱交換器３と、蓄熱材２を撹拌する撹拌機６と、を備えている。Embodiment 1.
(Structure of heat storage type water heater 100)
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the internal configuration of the heat storage type water heater according to the first embodiment and the state of the heat storage material at the time of heat dissipation. As shown in FIG. 1, the heat storage type water heater 100 according to the first embodiment exchanges heat with the container 1, the heat storage material 2, and the first heat medium to store heat in the heat storage material 2, and the second It is provided with a heat exchanger 3 that exchanges heat with the heat medium of the above and dissipates heat from the heat storage material 2, and a stirrer 6 that stirs the heat storage material 2.

容器１は、例えば略直方体形状である。容器１の材質は、ＳＵＳ、Ａｌ、Ｃｕ又はポリカーボネイド等の耐熱性及び強度の高い材料である。容器１の内部には、蓄熱材２、熱交換器３及び撹拌機６の撹拌翼６０が収容されている。容器１の側面には、熱交換器３の給湯水流入配管４ｂ、給湯水流出配管４ｃ、熱媒流入配管５ｂ及び熱媒流出配管５ｃが挿入される複数の開口が形成されている。容器１の下部は、蓄熱材２の放熱時に、容器１の内底面に沈殿するエリスリトール２０の固体を堆積させるための堆積空間となる。 The container 1 has, for example, a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape. The material of the container 1 is a material having high heat resistance and strength such as SUS, Al, Cu or polycarbonate. Inside the container 1, a heat storage material 2, a heat exchanger 3, and a stirring blade 60 of a stirrer 6 are housed. A plurality of openings into which the hot water supply water inflow pipe 4b, the hot water supply water outflow pipe 4c, the heat medium inflow pipe 5b, and the heat medium outflow pipe 5c of the heat exchanger 3 are inserted are formed on the side surface of the container 1. The lower part of the container 1 serves as a deposition space for depositing the solid of erythritol 20 that precipitates on the inner bottom surface of the container 1 when the heat storage material 2 dissipates heat.

蓄熱材２は、主にエリスリトール２０と水２１とを有している。エリスリトール２０とは、エリスリトール、ペンタエリスリトール及びジペンタエリスリトール等が含まれる。水２１は、純水が好ましいが、エリスリトール２０を劣化させる物質が含まれていない水であれば純水でなくて良い。エリスリトール２０と水２１は、溶解する性質があり、且つ高い蓄熱量を有する。蓄熱式給湯器１００は、蓄熱材２が高い蓄熱量を有することにより、容器１に充填する蓄熱材２の充填量を削減でき、全体として小型化することができる。また、蓄熱材２は、蓄熱時において、全体においてエリスリトール２０の固相が析出していない水溶液となり、放熱時において、図１に示すように、エリスリトール２０が析出された固相部Ｂと、エリスリトール２０の固相が析出していない水溶液部Ａとに分離される性質を有している。 The heat storage material 2 mainly contains erythritol 20 and water 21. The erythritol 20 includes erythritol, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol and the like. The water 21 is preferably pure water, but it does not have to be pure water as long as it does not contain a substance that deteriorates erythritol 20. Erythritol 20 and water 21 have the property of dissolving and have a high heat storage amount. In the heat storage type water heater 100, since the heat storage material 2 has a high heat storage amount, the filling amount of the heat storage material 2 to be filled in the container 1 can be reduced, and the size can be reduced as a whole. Further, the heat storage material 2 becomes an aqueous solution in which the solid phase of erythritol 20 is not precipitated as a whole during heat storage, and as shown in FIG. 1, the solid phase portion B in which erythritol 20 is precipitated and erythritol during heat dissipation are used. It has the property of separating the solid phase of 20 into the aqueous solution part A in which it is not precipitated.

熱交換器３は、放熱用熱交換器４と、蓄熱用熱交換器５と、を有している。放熱用熱交換器４は、例えばチューブ型熱交換器であり、放熱用伝熱管４ａと、給湯水流入配管４ｂと、給湯水流出配管４ｃと、フィン４ｄと、を有している。また、蓄熱用熱交換器５は、例えばチューブ型熱交換器であり、蓄熱用伝熱管５ａと、熱媒流入配管５ｂと、熱媒流出配管５ｃと、図示省略のフィンと、を有している。 The heat exchanger 3 includes a heat exchanger 4 for heat dissipation and a heat exchanger 5 for heat storage. The heat radiating heat exchanger 4 is, for example, a tube-type heat exchanger, and has a heat radiating heat transfer pipe 4a, a hot water supply water inflow pipe 4b, a hot water supply water outflow pipe 4c, and fins 4d. Further, the heat storage heat exchanger 5 is, for example, a tube type heat exchanger, and has a heat storage heat transfer tube 5a, a heat medium inflow pipe 5b, a heat medium outflow pipe 5c, and fins (not shown). There is.

放熱用伝熱管４ａは、円筒、平板又は扁平状である。放熱用伝熱管４ａは、アルミニウム、Ｃｕ又はＳＵＳ等の金属を加工して形成される。放熱用伝熱管４ａの内部には、蓄熱材２の熱を放出するための第２の熱媒として給湯水が流れる。 The heat transfer tube 4a for heat dissipation is cylindrical, flat plate or flat. The heat dissipation tube 4a is formed by processing a metal such as aluminum, Cu, or SUS. Hot water supply flows inside the heat radiating heat transfer tube 4a as a second heat medium for releasing the heat of the heat storage material 2.

給湯水流入配管４ｂ及び給湯水流出配管４ｃは、アルミニウム、Ｃｕ又はＳＵＳ等の金属を加工して形成される。給湯水流入配管４ｂは、容器１の一側面に形成された開口に挿入され、容器１の内部と外部とに跨って設けられており、容器内側の端部が放熱用伝熱管４ａの一端に接続されている。給湯水流出配管４ｃは、容器１の一側面に形成された開口に挿入され、容器１の内部と外部とに跨って設けられており、容器内側の端部が放熱用伝熱管４ａの他端に接続されている。実施の形態１に係る蓄熱式給湯器１００では、給湯水流入配管４ｂが容器１の上方に配置され、給湯水流出配管４ｃが容器１の下方に配置された構成を示している。但し、給湯水流入配管４ｂが容器１の下方を配置され、給湯水流出配管４ｃが容器１の上方に配置された構成でもよい。 The hot water supply water inflow pipe 4b and the hot water supply water outflow pipe 4c are formed by processing a metal such as aluminum, Cu, or SUS. The hot water supply water inflow pipe 4b is inserted into an opening formed on one side surface of the container 1 and is provided straddling the inside and the outside of the container 1, and the end inside the container is at one end of the heat dissipation tube 4a for heat dissipation. It is connected. The hot water supply water outflow pipe 4c is inserted into an opening formed on one side surface of the container 1 and is provided so as to straddle the inside and the outside of the container 1, and the end inside the container is the other end of the heat transfer tube 4a for heat dissipation. It is connected to the. In the heat storage type water heater 100 according to the first embodiment, the hot water supply water inflow pipe 4b is arranged above the container 1, and the hot water supply water outflow pipe 4c is arranged below the container 1. However, the hot water supply water inflow pipe 4b may be arranged below the container 1, and the hot water supply water outflow pipe 4c may be arranged above the container 1.

フィン４ｄは、アルミニウム、Ｃｕ、ＳＵＳ又はカーボン等の熱伝導性の高い金属を平板状に加工したものである。フィン４ｄは、放熱用伝熱管４ａの外周面に設けられている。 The fin 4d is made by processing a metal having high thermal conductivity such as aluminum, Cu, SUS, or carbon into a flat plate shape. The fins 4d are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the heat dissipation tube 4a.

蓄熱用伝熱管５ａは、円筒、平板又は扁平状である。蓄熱用伝熱管５ａは、アルミニウム、Ｃｕ又はＳＵＳ等の金属を加工して形成される。蓄熱用伝熱管５ａの内部には、蓄熱材２を加熱するための第１の熱媒として、例えば水、油、二酸化炭素、又はＲ４１０ａなどのＨＦＣ系冷媒が流れる。 The heat storage tube 5a is cylindrical, flat or flat. The heat storage tube 5a is formed by processing a metal such as aluminum, Cu, or SUS. An HFC-based refrigerant such as water, oil, carbon dioxide, or R410a flows inside the heat storage tube 5a as a first heat medium for heating the heat storage material 2.

熱媒流入配管５ｂ及び熱媒流出配管５ｃは、アルミニウム、Ｃｕ又はＳＵＳ等の金属を加工して形成される。熱媒流入配管５ｂは、容器１の一側面に形成された開口に挿入され、容器１の内部と外部とに跨って設けられており、容器内側の端部が蓄熱用伝熱管５ａの一端に接続されている。熱媒流出配管５ｃは、容器１の一側面に形成された開口に挿入され、容器１の内部と外部とに跨って設けられており、容器内側の端部が蓄熱用伝熱管５ａの他端に接続されている。実施の形態１に係る蓄熱式給湯器１００では、熱媒流入配管５ｂが容器１の上方に配置され、熱媒流出配管５ｃが容器１の下方に配置された構成を示している。但し、熱媒流入配管５ｂが容器１の下方を配置され、熱媒流出配管５ｃが容器１の上方に配置された構成でもよい。 The heat medium inflow pipe 5b and the heat medium outflow pipe 5c are formed by processing a metal such as aluminum, Cu, or SUS. The heat medium inflow pipe 5b is inserted into an opening formed on one side surface of the container 1 and is provided so as to straddle the inside and the outside of the container 1, and the end inside the container is at one end of the heat storage tube 5a. It is connected. The heat medium outflow pipe 5c is inserted into an opening formed on one side surface of the container 1 and is provided straddling the inside and the outside of the container 1, and the end inside the container is the other end of the heat storage tube 5a for heat storage. It is connected to the. In the heat storage type water heater 100 according to the first embodiment, the heat medium inflow pipe 5b is arranged above the container 1, and the heat medium outflow pipe 5c is arranged below the container 1. However, the heat medium inflow pipe 5b may be arranged below the container 1, and the heat medium outflow pipe 5c may be arranged above the container 1.

蓄熱用熱交換器５のフィンは、アルミニウム、Ｃｕ、ＳＵＳ又はカーボン等の熱伝導性の高い金属を平板状に加工したものである。蓄熱用熱交換器５のフィンは、蓄熱用伝熱管５ａの外周面に設けられている。 The fins of the heat storage heat exchanger 5 are made by processing a metal having high thermal conductivity such as aluminum, Cu, SUS, or carbon into a flat plate shape. The fins of the heat storage heat exchanger 5 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the heat storage heat transfer tube 5a.

なお、放熱用熱交換器４は、蓄熱材２から熱を放熱させることができる構成であれば良く、実施の状況に応じて形状を適宜変更して設けるものとする。例えば、放熱用熱交換器４は、フィン４ｄを有さず、放熱用伝熱管４ａ、給湯水流入配管４ｂ及び給湯水流出配管４ｃのみで構成してもよい。 The heat radiating heat exchanger 4 may be provided as long as it has a structure capable of radiating heat from the heat storage material 2, and its shape may be appropriately changed according to the implementation situation. For example, the heat radiating heat exchanger 4 may not have fins 4d and may be composed of only the heat radiating heat transfer pipe 4a, the hot water supply water inflow pipe 4b, and the hot water supply water outflow pipe 4c.

同様に、蓄熱用熱交換器５は、蓄熱材２に熱を蓄熱させることができる構成であれば良く、実施の状況に応じて形状を適宜変更して設けるものとする。例えば、蓄熱用熱交換器５は、フィンを有さず、蓄熱用伝熱管５ａ、熱媒流入配管５ｂ及び熱媒流出配管５ｃのみで構成してもよい。 Similarly, the heat storage heat exchanger 5 may be provided as long as it has a structure capable of storing heat in the heat storage material 2, and its shape is appropriately changed according to the implementation situation. For example, the heat storage heat exchanger 5 may not have fins and may be composed of only the heat storage heat transfer pipe 5a, the heat medium inflow pipe 5b, and the heat medium outflow pipe 5c.

また、放熱用熱交換器４及び蓄熱用熱交換器５は、一例としてチューブ式熱交換器について説明したが、蓄熱材２と熱交換できる構成であれば平板状の板を複数枚積層させたプレート式の熱交換器でも良い。 Further, although the tube type heat exchanger has been described as an example of the heat dissipation heat exchanger 4 and the heat storage heat exchanger 5, a plurality of flat plates are laminated as long as the heat exchange is possible with the heat storage material 2. A plate type heat exchanger may also be used.

撹拌機６は、蓄熱材２を撹拌するための撹拌翼６０と、撹拌翼６０を回転させる回転機６１と、を有している。撹拌翼６０は、ＳＵＳ、アルミニウム若しくはＣｕ等の金属材料、プラスチック若しくは樹脂等の軽量材料、又は磁石等の磁性材料で形成されている。撹拌翼６０は、回転機６１の駆動によって回転し、蓄熱材２を撹拌する。回転機６１は、例えば電気で駆動するモータ又は磁場等によって、撹拌翼６０を回転させる駆動源である。 The stirrer 6 has a stirring blade 60 for stirring the heat storage material 2 and a rotating machine 61 for rotating the stirring blade 60. The stirring blade 60 is made of a metal material such as SUS, aluminum or Cu, a lightweight material such as plastic or resin, or a magnetic material such as a magnet. The stirring blade 60 is rotated by the drive of the rotating machine 61 to stir the heat storage material 2. The rotary machine 61 is a drive source for rotating the stirring blade 60 by, for example, an electrically driven motor or a magnetic field.

（エリスリトール２０と水２１の混合割合）
次に、図２及び図３に基づいてエリスリトール２０と水２１の混合比率について説明する。図２は、水に対するエリスリトールの混合比率と蓄熱材の融点との関係を示したグラフである。図２では、横軸が水２１に対するエリスリトール２０の混合比率［ｗｔ％］を示し、縦軸が蓄熱材２の融点［℃］を示している。エリスリトール２０は、水２１と溶解する性質を有する。蓄熱材２は、エリスリトール２０が水２１に溶解することにより、エリスリトール２０が相変化する温度（融点）を低下させることができる。図２に示すように、蓄熱材２は、水２１に対するエリスリトール２０の混合比率が低下するにしたがって融点が下がる性質を有する。蓄熱材２は、給湯用途の４０℃〜９０℃の範囲で使用する場合、融点を６０℃〜９０℃の範囲にすることが好ましい。そうすると、図２から、水２１に対するエリスリトール２０の混合比率は、重量比６０［ｗｔ％］以上８０［ｗｔ％］以下が適することになる。(Mixing ratio of erythritol 20 and water 21)
Next, the mixing ratio of erythritol 20 and water 21 will be described with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3. FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the mixing ratio of erythritol with respect to water and the melting point of the heat storage material. In FIG. 2, the horizontal axis represents the mixing ratio [wt%] of erythritol 20 to water 21, and the vertical axis represents the melting point [° C.] of the heat storage material 2. Erythritol 20 has the property of being soluble in water 21. The heat storage material 2 can lower the temperature (melting point) at which erythritol 20 undergoes a phase change by dissolving erythritol 20 in water 21. As shown in FIG. 2, the heat storage material 2 has a property that the melting point decreases as the mixing ratio of erythritol 20 with respect to water 21 decreases. When the heat storage material 2 is used in the range of 40 ° C. to 90 ° C. for hot water supply, the melting point is preferably in the range of 60 ° C. to 90 ° C. Then, from FIG. 2, the mixing ratio of erythritol 20 to water 21 is preferably 60 [wt%] or more and 80 [wt%] or less by weight.

次に、図３は、水に対するエリスリトールの混合比率と蓄熱材の単位面積あたりの熱量との関係を示したグラフである。図３では、横軸が水２１に対するエリスリトール２０の混合比率［ｗｔ％］を示し、縦軸が蓄熱材２の単位体積あたりの熱量［ＭＪ・Ｌ−１］を示している。図３に示すように、蓄熱材２の単位体積あたりの熱量は、エリスリトール２０の混合比率に応じて増加し、エリスリトール２０の混合比率が重量比８０［ｗｔ％］付近で最大となる。つまり、エリスリトール２０の混合比率は、重量比８０［ｗｔ％］付近が最適となる。よって、図２及び図３の結果から、給湯用途４０℃〜９０℃の範囲で使用する場合、水２１に対するエリスリトール２０の混合比率は、重量比６０［ｗｔ％］以上８０［ｗｔ％］以下が適することになり、更に言えば重量比８０［ｗｔ％］が最適となる。Next, FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the mixing ratio of erythritol with respect to water and the amount of heat per unit area of the heat storage material. In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis shows the mixing ratio [wt%] of erythritol 20 to water 21, and the vertical axis shows the amount of heat [MJ · L -1 ] per unit volume of the heat storage material 2. As shown in FIG. 3, the amount of heat per unit volume of the heat storage material 2 increases according to the mixing ratio of erythritol 20, and the mixing ratio of erythritol 20 becomes maximum at around 80 [wt%] by weight. That is, the optimum mixing ratio of erythritol 20 is around 80 [wt%] by weight. Therefore, from the results of FIGS. 2 and 3, when used in the range of 40 ° C. to 90 ° C. for hot water supply, the mixing ratio of erythritol 20 to water 21 is 60 [wt%] or more and 80 [wt%] or less by weight. It becomes suitable, and more specifically, a weight ratio of 80 [wt%] is optimal.

（蓄熱式給湯器１００の蓄熱動作）
次に、蓄熱式給湯器１００の蓄熱動作について説明する。蓄熱式給湯器１００は、蓄熱用熱交換器５の熱媒流入配管５ｂから高温の熱媒が流れると、蓄熱用伝熱管５ａからフィンを介して、蓄熱材２に熱が伝えられる。蓄熱式給湯器１００は、低温の蓄熱材２が温められ温度が上昇し融点に達すると、エリスリトール２０の固相が融解し液相になる。一方、蓄熱材２に熱を与えた熱媒は、温度が低下し、熱媒流出配管５ｃから排出される。また、蓄熱時に、撹拌機６の撹拌翼６０を回転させることで蓄熱材２を撹拌させることができる。蓄熱材２を撹拌させることで、蓄熱材２と熱媒の熱交換性能が向上する。ここで、蓄熱用熱交換器５を流れる熱媒を加熱する熱源機は、ヒートポンプ、ヒータ又は燃焼器であり、熱媒を加熱できるものであれば良い。また、熱媒を加熱するシステムは、熱媒流出配管５ｃから排出され熱源機を流れ、再び熱媒流入配管５ｂから蓄熱用熱交換器５内に流入する循環式のものでも、熱媒流出配管５ｃから外部へ排出され循環しない一過式のものでも良い。(Heat storage operation of heat storage type water heater 100)
Next, the heat storage operation of the heat storage type water heater 100 will be described. In the heat storage type water heater 100, when a high-temperature heat medium flows from the heat medium inflow pipe 5b of the heat storage heat exchanger 5, heat is transferred from the heat storage heat transfer tube 5a to the heat storage material 2 via fins. In the heat storage type water heater 100, when the low temperature heat storage material 2 is warmed and the temperature rises to reach the melting point, the solid phase of erythritol 20 melts and becomes a liquid phase. On the other hand, the temperature of the heat medium that gives heat to the heat storage material 2 drops, and the heat medium is discharged from the heat medium outflow pipe 5c. Further, at the time of heat storage, the heat storage material 2 can be stirred by rotating the stirring blade 60 of the stirrer 6. By stirring the heat storage material 2, the heat exchange performance between the heat storage material 2 and the heat medium is improved. Here, the heat source machine for heating the heat medium flowing through the heat storage heat exchanger 5 may be a heat pump, a heater, or a combustor, as long as it can heat the heat medium. Further, the system for heating the heat medium is a circulation type system in which the heat medium is discharged from the heat medium outflow pipe 5c, flows through the heat source machine, and flows into the heat storage heat exchanger 5 again from the heat medium inflow pipe 5b. It may be a transient type that is discharged from 5c to the outside and does not circulate.

（蓄熱式給湯器１００の放熱動作）
次に、蓄熱式給湯器１００の放熱動作について説明する。蓄熱式給湯器１００は、放熱用熱交換器４の給湯水流入配管４ｂから給湯水が流れると、蓄熱材２の熱がフィン４ｄを介して放熱用伝熱管４ａに伝えられ、内部を流れる給湯水の温度が上昇する。同時に、蓄熱材２は、熱を奪われて温度が下がる。すると、放熱用伝熱管４ａの周りの蓄熱材２の温度が融点に達し、放熱用伝熱管４ａの周囲にエリスリトール２０の固相が析出する。蓄熱材２から熱を与えられ温度が上昇した給湯水は、給湯水流出配管４ｃから排出される。また、放熱時に、撹拌機６の撹拌翼６０を回転させることで蓄熱材２を撹拌させることができる。エリスリトール２０の固相は、熱伝導率が金属等の物質に比べ低い。そのため、蓄熱式給湯器１００では、撹拌機６を回転させて蓄熱材２を撹拌することで、蓄熱材２と熱媒の熱交換性能が向上させることができる。(Heat dissipation operation of heat storage type water heater 100)
Next, the heat dissipation operation of the heat storage type water heater 100 will be described. In the heat storage type water heater 100, when the hot water supply water flows from the hot water supply water inflow pipe 4b of the heat dissipation heat exchanger 4, the heat of the heat storage material 2 is transmitted to the heat dissipation tube 4a via the fins 4d, and the hot water supply flows inside. The temperature of the water rises. At the same time, the heat storage material 2 is deprived of heat and its temperature drops. Then, the temperature of the heat storage material 2 around the heat radiating heat transfer tube 4a reaches the melting point, and a solid phase of erythritol 20 is deposited around the heat radiating heat transfer tube 4a. The hot water supply water to which heat is applied from the heat storage material 2 and the temperature rises is discharged from the hot water supply water outflow pipe 4c. Further, the heat storage material 2 can be agitated by rotating the agitating blade 60 of the agitator 6 at the time of heat dissipation. The solid phase of erythritol 20 has a lower thermal conductivity than substances such as metals. Therefore, in the heat storage type water heater 100, the heat exchange performance between the heat storage material 2 and the heat medium can be improved by rotating the stirrer 6 to stir the heat storage material 2.

（撹拌翼６０の配置位置）
次に、撹拌翼６０の配置位置について説明する。蓄熱材２は、エリスリトール２０と水２１との混合液である。この蓄熱材２におけるエリスリトール２０の濃度は、蓄熱材２の温度を用いて式（１）で求められる。
ｘ＝−０．００３８７Ｔ２＋１．３４Ｔ−５．９４ （１）
ｘは、蓄熱材２におけるエリスリトール濃度［ｗｔ％］である。Ｔは、蓄熱材２の温度［℃］である。つまり、放熱時の蓄熱材２の温度に応じて蓄熱材２から析出するエリスリトール２０の固相量と、蓄熱材２との液相量は、一意に定まる。なお、放熱時の蓄熱材２の温度に応じて蓄熱材２から析出するエリスリトール２０の固相量は、式（１）から求めることができる。具体的には、容器の大きさ（幅Ｗ［ｍｍ］×奥行きＢ［ｍｍ］×高さＨ［ｍｍ］）とし、固相量をＶ［ｍｍ３］とすると、容器１の底面積（幅Ｗ［ｍｍ］×奥行きＢ［ｍｍ］）から固相が析出する高さＨ’は、Ｈ’＝Ｖ／（Ｂ×Ｗ）となる。(Arrangement position of stirring blade 60)
Next, the arrangement position of the stirring blade 60 will be described. The heat storage material 2 is a mixed solution of erythritol 20 and water 21. The concentration of erythritol 20 in the heat storage material 2 is calculated by the formula (1) using the temperature of the heat storage material 2.
x = -0.00387T 2 + 1.34T-5.94 (1)
x is the erythritol concentration [wt%] in the heat storage material 2. T is the temperature [° C.] of the heat storage material 2. That is, the solid phase amount of erythritol 20 precipitated from the heat storage material 2 and the liquid phase amount with the heat storage material 2 are uniquely determined according to the temperature of the heat storage material 2 at the time of heat dissipation. The solid phase amount of erythritol 20 precipitated from the heat storage material 2 according to the temperature of the heat storage material 2 at the time of heat dissipation can be obtained from the formula (1). Specifically, assuming that the size of the container (width W [mm] x depth B [mm] x height H [mm]) and the solid phase amount is V [mm3], the bottom area of the container 1 (width W). The height H'where the solid phase is deposited from [mm] x depth B [mm]) is H'= V / (B x W).

一方、撹拌機６の撹拌翼６０は、蓄熱材２の水溶液部Ａに配置した方が良い。撹拌翼６０がエリスリトール２０の固相によって動力低下を起こすことなく蓄熱材２を撹拌することができるので、安定した熱交換が可能となり、給湯性能が向上するからである。 On the other hand, the stirring blade 60 of the stirrer 6 should be arranged in the aqueous solution portion A of the heat storage material 2. This is because the stirring blade 60 can stir the heat storage material 2 without causing a decrease in power due to the solid phase of the erythritol 20, so that stable heat exchange is possible and the hot water supply performance is improved.

したがって、蓄熱式給湯器１００は、式（１）と、放熱時の蓄熱材２の温度を基に計算されるエリスリトール２０の固相量と、に基づき、放熱時に固相部Ｂと水溶液部Ａとが分離された状態における水溶液部Ａが位置する部分である高さＨ’以上Ｈ以下の高さの間に、撹拌機６の撹拌翼６０を配置することで、安定した熱交換が可能となる。 Therefore, the heat storage type water heater 100 is based on the formula (1) and the solid phase amount of erythritol 20 calculated based on the temperature of the heat storage material 2 at the time of heat dissipation, and the solid phase portion B and the aqueous solution portion A at the time of heat dissipation. By arranging the stirring blade 60 of the stirrer 6 between the heights H'and more and H or less, which is the portion where the aqueous solution part A is located in the state where and is separated, stable heat exchange is possible. Become.

（撹拌機６を備える効果）
次に、蓄熱材２を撹拌する撹拌機６の効果について説明する。蓄熱材２は、エリスリトール２０と水２１の混合液であり、エリスリトール２０が水２１に溶解する点に特徴を有する。例えばパラフィン、エリスリトール単体、又は酢酸ナトリウム三水和物等の一般的な蓄熱材２を、熱交換器等を用いて冷却した場合、伝熱面から蓄熱材２の温度が低下し、伝熱面に蓄熱材２の固相が析出する。一方、本実施の形態１の蓄熱材２を冷却した場合、水２１からエリスリトール２０が析出して凝固する。そして、撹拌機６で蓄熱材２を流動させつつ冷却した場合、蓄熱材２の温度は均一になるため伝熱面から離れたところにある水２１からもエリスリトール２０の凝固が生じる。伝熱面以外で凝固したエリスリトール２０の固相は、蓄熱材２の密度よりも大きいため、容器１の下部に堆積する。即ち、本実施の形態１に係る蓄熱式給湯器１００では、撹拌機６で蓄熱材２を撹拌させることで、熱交換器３の表面に析出するエリスリトール２０の固相量を低下させることができるので、熱交換器３の熱交換性能の低下を抑制できる。つまり、蓄熱式給湯器１００は、撹拌機６を備えることで、放熱用熱交換器４、蓄熱用熱交換器５を小型化しても熱交換性能を十分に発揮させることができるので、熱交換器３を小型化して装置全体を小型化することができる。(Effect of providing the stirrer 6)
Next, the effect of the stirrer 6 for stirring the heat storage material 2 will be described. The heat storage material 2 is a mixed solution of erythritol 20 and water 21, and is characterized in that the erythritol 20 dissolves in water 21. For example, when a general heat storage material 2 such as paraffin, erythritol alone, or sodium acetate trihydrate is cooled by using a heat exchanger or the like, the temperature of the heat storage material 2 drops from the heat transfer surface, and the heat transfer surface The solid phase of the heat storage material 2 is deposited on the heat storage material 2. On the other hand, when the heat storage material 2 of the first embodiment is cooled, erythritol 20 precipitates from the water 21 and solidifies. Then, when the heat storage material 2 is cooled while flowing by the stirrer 6, the temperature of the heat storage material 2 becomes uniform, so that the erythritol 20 is solidified from the water 21 located away from the heat transfer surface. Since the solid phase of erythritol 20 solidified on a surface other than the heat transfer surface is higher than the density of the heat storage material 2, it is deposited in the lower part of the container 1. That is, in the heat storage type water heater 100 according to the first embodiment, the solid phase amount of erythritol 20 deposited on the surface of the heat exchanger 3 can be reduced by stirring the heat storage material 2 with the stirrer 6. Therefore, deterioration of the heat exchange performance of the heat exchanger 3 can be suppressed. That is, since the heat storage type water supply device 100 is provided with the stirrer 6, the heat exchange performance can be sufficiently exhibited even if the heat dissipation heat exchanger 4 and the heat storage heat exchanger 5 are miniaturized. The vessel 3 can be miniaturized to miniaturize the entire apparatus.

以上のように、本実施の形態１に係る蓄熱式給湯器１００は、容器１と、容器１の内部に充填された蓄熱材２と、容器１の内部に収容され、第１の熱媒と熱交換して蓄熱材２に蓄熱すると共に、第２の熱媒と熱交換して蓄熱材２から放熱させる熱交換器３と、を備えている。蓄熱材２は、エリスリトール２０と水２１とを有している。水２１に対するエリスリトール２０の混合比率は、重量比６０［ｗｔ％］以上８０［ｗｔ％］以下である。つまり、本実施の形態１に係る蓄熱式給湯器１００は、エリスリトール２０が水２１に溶解することにより、エリスリトール２０が相変化する温度（融点）を、給湯用途の４０℃〜９０℃の範囲で使用する場合に適する６０℃〜９０℃に低下させることができる。これにより、エリスリトール２０の潜熱を十分に放出させることができ、蓄熱材２の蓄熱量を向上させることができる。よって、蓄熱式給湯器１００は、エリスリトール２０を主成分とした蓄熱材２を使用した場合であっても、蓄熱材２の蓄熱量を向上させることができるため、容器１に充填する蓄熱材２の量を削減することで、全体として小型化を実現することができる。 As described above, the heat storage type water heater 100 according to the first embodiment is housed in the container 1, the heat storage material 2 filled in the container 1, and the first heat medium. It is provided with a heat exchanger 3 that exchanges heat and stores heat in the heat storage material 2, and also exchanges heat with a second heat medium to dissipate heat from the heat storage material 2. The heat storage material 2 has erythritol 20 and water 21. The mixing ratio of erythritol 20 to water 21 is 60 [wt%] or more and 80 [wt%] or less by weight. That is, in the heat storage type water heater 100 according to the first embodiment, the temperature (melting point) at which the erythritol 20 undergoes a phase change when the erythritol 20 is dissolved in water 21 is set in the range of 40 ° C. to 90 ° C. for hot water supply. It can be lowered to 60 ° C to 90 ° C, which is suitable for use. As a result, the latent heat of the erythritol 20 can be sufficiently released, and the amount of heat stored in the heat storage material 2 can be improved. Therefore, since the heat storage type water heater 100 can improve the heat storage amount of the heat storage material 2 even when the heat storage material 2 containing erythritol 20 as a main component is used, the heat storage material 2 to be filled in the container 1 can be improved. By reducing the amount of, it is possible to realize miniaturization as a whole.

また、本実施の形態１に係る蓄熱式給湯器１００は、蓄熱材２を撹拌する撹拌機６を更に備えている。蓄熱式給湯器１００は、撹拌機６で蓄熱材２を撹拌させることで、熱交換器３の表面に析出するエリスリトール２０の固相量を低下させることができるので、熱交換器３の熱交換性能の低下を抑制できる。よって、蓄熱式給湯器１００は、撹拌機６を備えることで、熱交換器３を小型化しても熱交換性能を十分に発揮させることができるので、熱交換器３を小型化して装置全体を小型化することができる。 Further, the heat storage type water heater 100 according to the first embodiment further includes a stirrer 6 for stirring the heat storage material 2. The heat storage type water heater 100 can reduce the solid phase amount of erythritol 20 deposited on the surface of the heat exchanger 3 by stirring the heat storage material 2 with the stirrer 6, so that the heat exchange of the heat exchanger 3 can be performed. It is possible to suppress the deterioration of performance. Therefore, since the heat storage type water heater 100 is provided with the stirrer 6 so that the heat exchange performance can be sufficiently exhibited even if the heat exchanger 3 is miniaturized, the heat exchanger 3 is miniaturized to reduce the size of the entire device. It can be miniaturized.

また、蓄熱材２は、放熱時において、エリスリトール２０が析出された固相部Ｂと、エリスリトール２０の固相が析出していない水溶液部Ａとに分離される性質を有している。撹拌機６は、放熱時に固相部Ｂと水溶液部Ａとが分離された状態における水溶液部Ａが位置する部分に、撹拌翼６０が配置されている。よって、蓄熱式給湯器１００は、撹拌翼６０がエリスリトール２０の固相によって動力低下を起こすことなく蓄熱材２を撹拌できるので、安定した熱交換が可能となり、給湯性能を向上させることができる。 Further, the heat storage material 2 has a property of being separated into a solid phase portion B in which the erythritol 20 is precipitated and an aqueous solution portion A in which the solid phase of the erythritol 20 is not precipitated at the time of heat dissipation. In the stirrer 6, the stirring blade 60 is arranged at a portion where the aqueous solution portion A is located in a state where the solid phase portion B and the aqueous solution portion A are separated at the time of heat dissipation. Therefore, in the heat storage type water heater 100, since the stirring blade 60 can stir the heat storage material 2 without causing a power decrease due to the solid phase of the erythritol 20, stable heat exchange is possible and the hot water supply performance can be improved.

図４は、実施の形態１に係る蓄熱式給湯器の変形例を示した模式図である。蓄熱式給湯器１００は、図４に示すように、熱交換器３を蓄熱材２の蓄熱と放熱とを兼ねた１つの熱交換器で構成してもよい。つまり、図１において蓄熱用熱交換器５が蓄熱材２に蓄熱する構成であれば良いので、蓄熱用熱交換器５に流れる熱媒として給湯水を使用することもできる。よって、蓄熱用熱交換器５を用いず、放熱用熱交換器４を蓄熱用熱交換器５としても使用することも可能である。すなわち、図４においては、放熱用熱交換器４を蓄熱用熱交換器５と兼用するものであり、蓄熱材２の蓄熱が放熱用熱交換器４に高温水を流して行われる。 FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing a modified example of the heat storage type water heater according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 4, the heat storage type water heater 100 may include the heat exchanger 3 as one heat exchanger that both stores heat and dissipates heat from the heat storage material 2. That is, since the heat storage heat exchanger 5 may be configured to store heat in the heat storage material 2 in FIG. 1, hot water supply water can be used as the heat medium flowing through the heat storage heat exchanger 5. Therefore, it is also possible to use the heat dissipation heat exchanger 4 as the heat storage heat exchanger 5 without using the heat storage heat exchanger 5. That is, in FIG. 4, the heat radiating heat exchanger 4 is also used as the heat storage heat exchanger 5, and the heat storage of the heat storage material 2 is performed by flowing high temperature water through the heat radiating heat exchanger 4.

実施の形態２．
次に、実施の形態２に係る蓄熱式給湯器１０１を図５に基づいて説明する。図５は、実施の形態２に係る蓄熱式給湯器であって、蓄熱材の放熱時における状態の内部構成を示した模式図である。なお、本実施の形態２では、実施の形態１と同一の部分は同一の符号を付して説明を省略し、実施の形態１との相違点を中心に説明する。Embodiment 2.
Next, the heat storage type water heater 101 according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the internal configuration of the heat storage type water heater according to the second embodiment in a state when the heat storage material dissipates heat. In the second embodiment, the same parts as those in the first embodiment are designated by the same reference numerals, the description thereof will be omitted, and the differences from the first embodiment will be mainly described.

本実施の形態２に係る蓄熱式給湯器１０１は、実施の形態１に係る蓄熱式給湯器１００の撹拌機６に代えて、蓄熱材２を流動させるポンプ７を備えている点に特徴を有する。 The heat storage type water heater 101 according to the second embodiment is characterized in that it includes a pump 7 for flowing the heat storage material 2 in place of the stirrer 6 of the heat storage type water heater 100 according to the first embodiment. ..

（蓄熱式給湯器１０１の構成）
まず、蓄熱式給湯器１０１の構成について説明する。本実施の形態２に係る蓄熱式給湯器１０１は、図５に示すように、容器１と、容器１の内部に充填された蓄熱材２と、容器１の内部に収容された放熱用熱交換器４及び蓄熱用熱交換器５と、容器１の内部の蓄熱材２を流動させるポンプ７と、を備えている。(Structure of heat storage type water heater 101)
First, the configuration of the heat storage type water heater 101 will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the heat storage type water heater 101 according to the second embodiment has a container 1, a heat storage material 2 filled inside the container 1, and heat exchange for heat dissipation housed inside the container 1. It includes a container 4, a heat storage heat exchanger 5, and a pump 7 for flowing the heat storage material 2 inside the container 1.

容器１には、実施の形態１で説明した構成に加えて、ポンプ７が接続され、蓄熱材２を容器１の外部へ排出させる吸引用配管口１０と、ポンプ７が接続され、排出した蓄熱材２を容器１の内部へ再び流入させる吐出用配管口１１と、が形成されている。 In addition to the configuration described in the first embodiment, the container 1 is connected to a suction pipe port 10 to which a pump 7 is connected to discharge the heat storage material 2 to the outside of the container 1, and a pump 7 is connected to the container 1 to discharge heat. A discharge pipe port 11 for allowing the material 2 to flow into the container 1 again is formed.

ポンプ７は、例えば遠心型ポンプ、定容積ポンプ又はプランジャ式ポンプなどの流体を吸引し吐出する装置である。ポンプ７の材質は、例えばアルミニウム若しくはＳＵＳ等の強度材料、又はプラスチックなどの軽量材料である。ポンプ７は、吸引口が容器１の吸引用配管口１０と接続され、吐出口が容器１の吐出用配管口１１と接続されている。 The pump 7 is a device that sucks and discharges a fluid such as a centrifugal pump, a constant volume pump, or a plunger type pump. The material of the pump 7 is, for example, a strong material such as aluminum or SUS, or a lightweight material such as plastic. In the pump 7, the suction port is connected to the suction pipe port 10 of the container 1, and the discharge port is connected to the discharge pipe port 11 of the container 1.

なお、本実施の形態２に係る蓄熱式給湯器１０１では、容器１の吸引用配管口１０からポンプ７までの回路上に蓄熱材２に熱を与える熱源機、及び蓄熱材２から放熱する放熱器を有さない場合を示している。但し、蓄熱式給湯器１０１は、ポンプ７を用いて容器１内の蓄熱材２を循環する構成であれば回路上にその他の機器が配置されても良い。 In the heat storage type water heater 101 according to the second embodiment, the heat source machine that gives heat to the heat storage material 2 on the circuit from the suction pipe port 10 to the pump 7 of the container 1 and the heat radiation radiated from the heat storage material 2 It shows the case of not having a vessel. However, the heat storage type water heater 101 may have other devices arranged on the circuit as long as the pump 7 is used to circulate the heat storage material 2 in the container 1.

（蓄熱式給湯器１０１の蓄熱動作）
次に、蓄熱式給湯器１０１の蓄熱動作について説明する。本実施の形態２に係る蓄熱式給湯器１０１は、実施の形態１と同様に、蓄熱用熱交換器５の熱媒流入配管５ｂから高温の熱媒が流れると、蓄熱用伝熱管５ａからフィンを介して蓄熱材２に熱が伝えられる。蓄熱式給湯器１０１は、低温の蓄熱材２が温められ温度が上昇し融点に達すると、エリスリトール２０の固相が融解し液相になる。一方、蓄熱材２に熱を与えた熱媒は、温度が低下し、熱媒流出配管５ｃから排出される。また、蓄熱時に、ポンプ７を駆動させて、蓄熱材２を容器１の外部へ排出し、排出した蓄熱材２を再び容器１の内部へ流入させることにより、蓄熱材２を流動させることができる。蓄熱材２を流動させることで、蓄熱材２と熱媒の熱交換性能が向上する。ここで、蓄熱用熱交換器５を流れる熱媒を加熱する熱源機は、ヒートポンプ、ヒータ又は燃焼器であり、熱媒を加熱できるものであれば良い。また、熱媒を加熱するシステムは、熱媒流出配管５ｃから排出され熱源機を流れ、再び熱媒流入配管５ｂから蓄熱用熱交換器５内に流入する循環式のものでも、熱媒流出配管５ｃから外部へ排出され循環しない一過式のものでも良い。(Heat storage operation of heat storage type water heater 101)
Next, the heat storage operation of the heat storage type water heater 101 will be described. Similar to the first embodiment, the heat storage type water heater 101 according to the second embodiment has fins from the heat storage tube 5a when a high temperature heat medium flows from the heat medium inflow pipe 5b of the heat storage heat exchanger 5. Heat is transferred to the heat storage material 2 via. In the heat storage type water heater 101, when the low temperature heat storage material 2 is warmed and the temperature rises to reach the melting point, the solid phase of erythritol 20 melts and becomes a liquid phase. On the other hand, the temperature of the heat medium that gives heat to the heat storage material 2 drops, and the heat medium is discharged from the heat medium outflow pipe 5c. Further, at the time of heat storage, the heat storage material 2 can be flowed by driving the pump 7 to discharge the heat storage material 2 to the outside of the container 1 and allowing the discharged heat storage material 2 to flow into the container 1 again. .. By flowing the heat storage material 2, the heat exchange performance between the heat storage material 2 and the heat medium is improved. Here, the heat source machine for heating the heat medium flowing through the heat storage heat exchanger 5 may be a heat pump, a heater, or a combustor, as long as it can heat the heat medium. Further, even if the system for heating the heat medium is a circulation type system that is discharged from the heat medium outflow pipe 5c, flows through the heat source machine, and flows into the heat storage heat exchanger 5 again from the heat medium inflow pipe 5b, the heat medium outflow pipe. It may be a transient type that is discharged from 5c to the outside and does not circulate.

（蓄熱式給湯器１０１の放熱動作）
次に、蓄熱式給湯器１０１の放熱動作について説明する。本実施の形態２に係る蓄熱式給湯器１０１は、実施の形態１と同様に、放熱用熱交換器４の給湯水流入配管４ｂから給湯水が流れると、蓄熱材２の熱がフィン４ｄを介して、放熱用伝熱管４ａに伝えられ内部を流れる給湯水の温度が上昇する。同時に、蓄熱材２は、熱を奪われ温度が下がる。すると、放熱用伝熱管４ａの周りの蓄熱材２の温度が融点に達し、放熱用伝熱管４ａの周囲にエリスリトール２０の固相が析出する。蓄熱材２から熱を与えられ温度が上昇した給湯水は、給湯水流出配管４ｃから排出される。また、放熱時に、ポンプ７を駆動させて、蓄熱材２を容器１の外部へ排出し、排出した蓄熱材２を再び容器１の内部へ流入させることにより、蓄熱材２を流動させることができる。エリスリトール２０の固相は、熱伝導率が金属等の物質に比べ低い。そのため、蓄熱式給湯器１０１では、ポンプ７で蓄熱材２を流動させることで、蓄熱材２と熱媒の熱交換性能が向上させることができる。(Heat dissipation operation of heat storage type water heater 101)
Next, the heat dissipation operation of the heat storage type water heater 101 will be described. In the heat storage type water heater 101 according to the second embodiment, as in the first embodiment, when the hot water supply water flows from the hot water supply water inflow pipe 4b of the heat dissipation heat exchanger 4, the heat of the heat storage material 2 causes the fins 4d. The temperature of the hot water supply water that is transmitted to the heat radiating heat transfer tube 4a and flows inside rises. At the same time, the heat storage material 2 is deprived of heat and the temperature drops. Then, the temperature of the heat storage material 2 around the heat radiating heat transfer tube 4a reaches the melting point, and a solid phase of erythritol 20 is deposited around the heat radiating heat transfer tube 4a. The hot water supply water to which heat is applied from the heat storage material 2 and the temperature rises is discharged from the hot water supply water outflow pipe 4c. Further, at the time of heat dissipation, the heat storage material 2 can be made to flow by driving the pump 7 to discharge the heat storage material 2 to the outside of the container 1 and allowing the discharged heat storage material 2 to flow into the container 1 again. .. The solid phase of erythritol 20 has a lower thermal conductivity than substances such as metals. Therefore, in the heat storage type water heater 101, the heat exchange performance between the heat storage material 2 and the heat medium can be improved by flowing the heat storage material 2 with the pump 7.

（吸引用配管口１０及び吐出用配管口１１の配置位置）
次に、容器１の吸引用配管口１０及び吐出用配管口１１の配置位置について説明する。本実施の形態２の蓄熱式給湯器１０１における蓄熱材２も、実施の形態１と同様に、エリスリトール２０と水２１の混合液である。この蓄熱材２におけるエリスリトール２０の濃度は、蓄熱材２の温度を用いて式（１）で求められる。
ｘ＝−０．００３８７Ｔ２＋１．３４Ｔ−５．９４ （１）
ｘは、蓄熱材２におけるエリスリトール濃度［ｗｔ％］である。Ｔは、蓄熱材２の温度［℃］である。つまり、放熱時の蓄熱材２の温度に応じて蓄熱材２から析出するエリスリトール２０の固相量と、蓄熱材２との液相量は、一意に定まる。一方、容器１の吸引用配管口１０及び吐出用配管口１１は、蓄熱材２の水溶液部Ａに配置した方が良い。吸引用配管口１０及び吐出用配管口１１を固相部Ｂに配置してしまうと、エリスリトール２０の固相が配管内に析出し、該固相によって配管内が塞がれてしまうためである。したがって、蓄熱式給湯器１０１は、上記式（１）と、放熱時の蓄熱材２の温度を元に計算されるエリスリトール２０の固相量に基づき、放熱時に固相部Ｂと水溶液部Ａとが分離された状態における水溶液部Ａが位置する部分に、吸引用配管口１０及び吐出用配管口１１を配置することで、安定した熱交換が可能となり、給湯性能が向上する。(Arrangement position of suction pipe port 10 and discharge pipe port 11)
Next, the arrangement positions of the suction pipe port 10 and the discharge pipe port 11 of the container 1 will be described. The heat storage material 2 in the heat storage type water heater 101 of the second embodiment is also a mixed solution of erythritol 20 and water 21 as in the first embodiment. The concentration of erythritol 20 in the heat storage material 2 is calculated by the formula (1) using the temperature of the heat storage material 2.
x = -0.00387T 2 + 1.34T-5.94 (1)
x is the erythritol concentration [wt%] in the heat storage material 2. T is the temperature [° C.] of the heat storage material 2. That is, the solid phase amount of erythritol 20 precipitated from the heat storage material 2 and the liquid phase amount with the heat storage material 2 are uniquely determined according to the temperature of the heat storage material 2 at the time of heat dissipation. On the other hand, the suction pipe port 10 and the discharge pipe port 11 of the container 1 should be arranged in the aqueous solution portion A of the heat storage material 2. This is because if the suction pipe port 10 and the discharge pipe port 11 are arranged in the solid phase portion B, the solid phase of erythritol 20 is deposited in the pipe, and the solid phase blocks the inside of the pipe. .. Therefore, the heat storage type water heater 101 includes the solid phase portion B and the aqueous solution portion A at the time of heat dissipation based on the above formula (1) and the solid phase amount of erythritol 20 calculated based on the temperature of the heat storage material 2 at the time of heat dissipation. By arranging the suction pipe port 10 and the discharge pipe port 11 in the portion where the aqueous solution portion A is located in the separated state, stable heat exchange is possible and the hot water supply performance is improved.

以上のように、本実施の形態２に係る蓄熱式給湯器１０１も、エリスリトール２０が水２１に溶解することにより、エリスリトール２０が相変化する温度（融点）を、給湯用途の４０℃〜９０℃の範囲で使用する場合に適する６０℃〜９０℃に低下させることができる。これにより、エリスリトール２０の潜熱を十分に放出させることができ、蓄熱材２の蓄熱量を向上させることができる。よって、蓄熱式給湯器１０１は、エリスリトール２０を主成分とした蓄熱材２を使用した場合であっても、蓄熱材２の蓄熱量を向上させることができるため、容器１に充填する蓄熱材２の量を削減することで、全体として小型化を実現することができる。 As described above, also in the heat storage type water heater 101 according to the second embodiment, the temperature (melting point) at which the erythritol 20 undergoes a phase change when the erythritol 20 is dissolved in water 21 is set to 40 ° C. to 90 ° C. for hot water supply. The temperature can be lowered to 60 ° C. to 90 ° C., which is suitable for use in the range of. As a result, the latent heat of the erythritol 20 can be sufficiently released, and the amount of heat stored in the heat storage material 2 can be improved. Therefore, since the heat storage type water heater 101 can improve the heat storage amount of the heat storage material 2 even when the heat storage material 2 containing erythritol 20 as a main component is used, the heat storage material 2 to be filled in the container 1 can be improved. By reducing the amount of, it is possible to realize miniaturization as a whole.

また、本実施の形態２に係る蓄熱式給湯器１０１は、蓄熱材２を容器１の外部へ排出し、排出した蓄熱材２を再び容器１の内部へ流入させることにより、蓄熱材２を流動させるポンプ７を更に備えている。容器１には、ポンプ７が接続され、蓄熱材２を容器１の外部へ排出させる吸引用配管口１０と、ポンプ７が接続され、排出した蓄熱材２を容器１の内部へ再び流入させる吐出用配管口１１と、が形成されている。よって、蓄熱式給湯器１０１は、ポンプ７を駆動させて蓄熱材２を流動させることで、熱交換器３の表面に析出するエリスリトール２０の固相量を低下させることができるので、熱交換器３の熱交換性能の低下を抑制できる。よって、蓄熱式給湯器１０１は、ポンプ７を備えることで、熱交換器３を小型化しても熱交換性能を十分に発揮させることができるので、熱交換器３を小型化して装置全体として小型化することができる。 Further, the heat storage type water heater 101 according to the second embodiment causes the heat storage material 2 to flow by discharging the heat storage material 2 to the outside of the container 1 and allowing the discharged heat storage material 2 to flow into the inside of the container 1 again. A pump 7 for making the pump 7 is further provided. A suction pipe port 10 to which a pump 7 is connected to discharge the heat storage material 2 to the outside of the container 1 and a discharge pipe port 10 to which the pump 7 is connected to discharge the discharged heat storage material 2 into the inside of the container 1 again are connected to the container 1. The piping port 11 is formed. Therefore, in the heat storage type water heater 101, the solid phase amount of erythritol 20 deposited on the surface of the heat exchanger 3 can be reduced by driving the pump 7 to flow the heat storage material 2. It is possible to suppress the deterioration of the heat exchange performance of 3. Therefore, since the heat storage type water heater 101 is provided with the pump 7, the heat exchange performance can be sufficiently exhibited even if the heat exchanger 3 is miniaturized. Therefore, the heat exchanger 3 is miniaturized and the device as a whole is miniaturized. Can be transformed into.

蓄熱材２は、放熱時において、エリスリトール２０が析出された固相部Ｂと、エリスリトール２０の固相が析出していない水溶液部Ａとに分離される性質を有している。容器１には、放熱時に固相部Ｂと水溶液部Ａとが分離された状態における水溶液部Ａが位置する部分に、吸引用配管口１０及び吐出用配管口１１が形成されている。よって、蓄熱式給湯器１０１は、吸引用配管口１０及び吐出用配管口１１の配管内に析出するエリスリトール２０の固相で、該配管内が塞がれる事態を防止することができるので、蓄熱材２を流動させて安定した熱交換が可能となり、給湯性能を向上させることができる。 The heat storage material 2 has a property of being separated into a solid phase portion B in which the erythritol 20 is precipitated and an aqueous solution portion A in which the solid phase of the erythritol 20 is not precipitated at the time of heat dissipation. In the container 1, a suction pipe port 10 and a discharge pipe port 11 are formed at a portion where the aqueous solution part A is located in a state where the solid phase part B and the aqueous solution part A are separated at the time of heat dissipation. Therefore, the heat storage type water heater 101 can prevent a situation in which the inside of the pipe is blocked by the solid phase of erythritol 20 deposited in the pipes of the suction pipe port 10 and the discharge pipe port 11, so that the heat storage type water heater 101 can store heat. The material 2 can be made to flow to enable stable heat exchange, and the hot water supply performance can be improved.

なお、実施の形態２に係る蓄熱式給湯器１０１においても、熱交換器３を蓄熱材２の蓄熱と放熱とを兼ねた１つの熱交換器で構成してもよい。つまり、蓄熱用熱交換器５に流れる熱媒として給湯水を使用することもできるので、蓄熱用熱交換器５を用いず、放熱用熱交換器４を蓄熱用熱交換器５として使用することも可能である。 In the heat storage type water heater 101 according to the second embodiment, the heat exchanger 3 may be composed of one heat exchanger that both stores heat and dissipates heat from the heat storage material 2. That is, since the hot water supply water can be used as the heat medium flowing through the heat storage heat exchanger 5, the heat heat exchanger 4 for heat dissipation should be used as the heat storage heat exchanger 5 without using the heat storage heat exchanger 5. Is also possible.

以上に、蓄熱式給湯器１００及び１０１を実施の形態に基づいて説明したが、蓄熱式給湯器１００及び１０１は上述した実施の形態の構成に限定されるものではない。例えば、蓄熱式給湯器１００及び１０１は、上述した構成要素に限定されるものではなく、他の構成要素を含んでもよい。要するに、蓄熱式給湯器１００及び１０１は、その技術的思想を逸脱しない範囲において、当業者が通常に行う設計変更及び応用のバリエーションの範囲を含むものである。 Although the heat storage type water heaters 100 and 101 have been described above based on the embodiment, the heat storage type water heaters 100 and 101 are not limited to the configuration of the above-described embodiment. For example, the heat storage type water heaters 100 and 101 are not limited to the above-mentioned components, and may include other components. In short, the heat storage type water heaters 100 and 101 include a range of design changes and application variations normally performed by those skilled in the art within a range that does not deviate from the technical idea thereof.

１ 容器、２ 蓄熱材、３ 熱交換器、４ 放熱用熱交換器、４ａ 放熱用伝熱管、４ｂ 給湯水流入配管、４ｃ 給湯水流出配管、４ｄ フィン、５ 蓄熱用熱交換器、５ａ 蓄熱用伝熱管、５ｂ 熱媒流入配管、５ｃ 熱媒流出配管、６ 撹拌機、７ ポンプ、１０ 吸引用配管口、１１ 吐出用配管口、２０ エリスリトール、２１ 水、６０ 撹拌翼、６１ 回転機、１００、１０１ 蓄熱式給湯器、Ａ 水溶液部、Ｂ 固相部。 1 container, 2 heat storage material, 3 heat exchanger, 4 heat heat exchanger for heat dissipation, 4a heat transfer pipe for heat dissipation, 4b hot water supply water inflow pipe, 4c hot water supply water outflow pipe, 4d fin, 5 heat storage heat exchanger, 5a heat storage Heat transfer pipe, 5b heat medium inflow pipe, 5c heat medium outflow pipe, 6 stirrer, 7 pump, 10 suction pipe port, 11 discharge pipe port, 20 erythritol, 21 water, 60 stir blade, 61 rotary machine, 100, 101 Heat storage type water heater, A aqueous solution part, B solid phase part.

Claims (7)

内部で熱交換が行なわれる容器と、
前記容器の内部に充填された蓄熱材と、
前記容器の内部に収容され、第１の熱媒と熱交換して前記蓄熱材に蓄熱すると共に、第２の熱媒と熱交換して前記蓄熱材から放熱させる熱交換器と、
前記蓄熱材を流動させる装置と、を備え、
前記蓄熱材は、エリスリトールと該エリスリトールを溶解する水とを有し、
前記水に対する前記エリスリトールの混合比率は、重量比６０［ｗｔ％］以上８０［ｗｔ％］以下であり、
前記蓄熱材は、放熱時において、前記エリスリトールが析出された固相部と、前記エリスリトールの固相が析出していない水溶液部とに分離し、前記蓄熱材を流動させる装置によって前記蓄熱材を流動し、前記固相部が前記容器の下部に堆積し、前記水溶液部が前記固相部の上に位置する構成である、蓄熱式給湯器。 A container that exchanges heat inside and
The heat storage material filled inside the container and
A heat exchanger housed inside the container, which exchanges heat with the first heat medium to store heat in the heat storage material, and exchanges heat with the second heat medium to dissipate heat from the heat storage material.
A device for flowing the heat storage material is provided.
The heat storage material has erythritol and water that dissolves the erythritol.
The mixing ratio of the erythritol to the water is 60 [wt%] or more and 80 [wt%] or less by weight.
At the time of heat dissipation, the heat storage material is separated into a solid phase portion in which the erythritol is precipitated and an aqueous solution portion in which the solid phase of the erythritol is not precipitated, and the heat storage material is flowed by an apparatus for flowing the heat storage material. A heat storage type water heater having a structure in which the solid phase portion is deposited on the lower part of the container and the aqueous solution portion is located on the solid phase portion . 前記蓄熱材を流動させる装置として前記蓄熱材を撹拌する撹拌機を備えている、請求項１に記載の蓄熱式給湯器。 Stirrer Bei Eteiru for agitating the heat storage material as a device for flowing the heat storage material, thermal storage water heater according to claim 1. 前記撹拌機は、放熱時に前記固相部と前記水溶液部とが分離された状態における前記水溶液部が位置する部分に、撹拌翼が配置されている、請求項２に記載の蓄熱式給湯器。 The heat storage type water heater according to claim 2, wherein the stirrer has a stirring blade arranged at a portion where the aqueous solution portion is located in a state where the solid phase portion and the aqueous solution portion are separated at the time of heat dissipation. 前記蓄熱材を流動させる装置として、前記蓄熱材を前記容器の外部へ排出し、排出した前記蓄熱材を再び前記容器の内部へ流入させることにより、前記蓄熱材を流動させるポンプを備えており、
前記容器には、前記ポンプが接続され、前記蓄熱材を前記容器の外部へ排出させる吸引用配管口と、前記ポンプが接続され、排出した前記蓄熱材を前記容器の内部へ再び流入させる吐出用配管口と、が形成されている、請求項１に記載の蓄熱式給湯器。 Examples apparatus for flowing a heat storage material, the heat storage material is discharged to the outside of the container, by flowing into the interior again the container discharge the said heat storage material, Bei Eteori a pump for flowing the heat storage material,
A suction pipe port to which the pump is connected to discharge the heat storage material to the outside of the container and a discharge pipe to which the pump is connected to discharge the discharged heat storage material into the container again. The heat storage type water heater according to claim 1, wherein a pipe port and a pipe port are formed. 前記容器には、放熱時に前記固相部と前記水溶液部とが分離された状態における前記水溶液部が位置する部分に、前記吸引用配管口及び前記吐出用配管口が形成されている、請求項４に記載の蓄熱式給湯器。 The container is claimed to have a suction pipe port and a discharge pipe port formed in a portion where the aqueous solution portion is located in a state where the solid phase portion and the aqueous solution portion are separated at the time of heat dissipation. The heat storage type water heater according to 4. 前記熱交換器は、
熱媒が流れる蓄熱用熱交換器と、
給湯水が流れる放熱用熱交換器と、を有する、請求項１〜５のいずれか一項に記載の蓄熱式給湯器。 The heat exchanger is
A heat exchanger for heat storage through which a heat medium flows,
The heat storage type water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a heat exchanger for heat dissipation through which hot water is flowing. 前記熱交換器は、前記蓄熱材の蓄熱と放熱とを兼ねた１つの熱交換器で構成されている、請求項１〜６のいずれか一項に記載の蓄熱式給湯器。 The heat storage type water heater according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heat exchanger is composed of one heat exchanger that has both heat storage and heat dissipation of the heat storage material.
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