JP6743183B2 - 薄肉ガラス基板とプラスチック基板との間に積層された光弁フィルム - Google Patents
薄肉ガラス基板とプラスチック基板との間に積層された光弁フィルム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6743183B2 JP6743183B2 JP2018557308A JP2018557308A JP6743183B2 JP 6743183 B2 JP6743183 B2 JP 6743183B2 JP 2018557308 A JP2018557308 A JP 2018557308A JP 2018557308 A JP2018557308 A JP 2018557308A JP 6743183 B2 JP6743183 B2 JP 6743183B2
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- Prior art keywords
- light valve
- valve film
- glass
- substrates
- plastic
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
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- G02B1/00—Optical elements characterised by the material of which they are made; Optical coatings for optical elements
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Description
光弁は、光の変調に使用するために80年以上前から公知であった。この間、これらは、場合によってはそれらを通過し又はこれらから反射する光量を制御するために、例えば、英数字表示及びテレビ表示、ランプ、カメラ、表示及び光ファイバー用のフィルタ、及び窓、サンルーフ、おもちゃ、サンバイザ、眼鏡、ゴーグル、鏡、バックミラー、光パイプ及び同様のものを含む、数多くの用途での使用が提案されてきた。窓の実施例は、限定ではないが、商業ビル、温室及び住居のための建築用窓、自動車、ボート、列車、飛行機及び宇宙船のための窓、バイザー及びサンルーフ、のぞき穴を含むドアのための窓、及びこれらの区画を含むオーブン及び冷蔵庫などの電化製品のための窓を含む。
上述のように、SPD積層体又はPDLC積層体が望ましい場合があり、フィルムは、透明なガラス又はプラスチックシートの間で透明な熱溶融接着フィルム(中間層)を用いて挟まれる。限定ではないが、飛行機、建築、及び自動車用の窓などの用途があり、ここでは、積層体を形成するのに用いる基板の面を通って湿分が積層体の内部に入ることも阻止する軽量積層体が望ましい。従って、本発明の目的は、フィルムの両方の相対する側面上に薄くて軽量のガラス基板及びプラスチック基板の両方を含む、積層体を構成することである。
「Gorilla(登録商標)ガラス0.55-標準ガラス lam」は「薄肉−厚肉ガラス lam」としてもマーク付けされる。
「Gorilla(登録商標)ガラス0.55」は、0.55 mm厚のGorilla(登録商標)ガラスである。
「Gorilla(登録商標)ガラス1.10」は、1.10 mm厚のGorilla(登録商標)ガラスである。
「標準ガラス」は2.38mm厚である。
「Acrylite(登録商標)」は、3.175 mm厚のアクリルプラスチックである
「ポリカーボネート」プラスチックは1.5875 mm厚である
「Gorilla(登録商標)ガラス0.55」は、0.55 mm厚のGorilla(登録商標)ガラスである。
「Gorilla(登録商標)ガラス1.10」は、1.10 mm厚のGorilla(登録商標)ガラスである。
「標準ガラス」は2.38 mm厚の標準ガラスである。
「Acrylite(登録商標)」は、3.175 mm厚のアクリルプラスチックである。
Claims (31)
- 光弁の光変調素子を形成する積層光弁フィルムであって、
前記積層フィルムは、
a)第1及び第2の相対する外面を有する光弁フィルムであって、
a)硬化ポリマー内に分散された液晶を含有する液滴と、
b)第1及び第2のプラスチックシートと、
を備え、前記シートは、前記硬化ポリマーから外方に位置してこれを挟んでおり、薄い透明な導電性被膜の層が、前記硬化ポリマーに隣接して、前記第1及び第2のプラスチックシートの各々の内面上に位置し、前記被膜は、印加された電界が前記硬化ポリマーを通って通過するのを可能にする電極としての機能を果たす、光弁フィルムと、
b)前記光弁フィルムの前記第1及び第2の相対する外面の各々の少なくとも一部分に付された高分子中間層材料の第1の層と、
c)第1の対の基板であって、前記第1の対のうちの一方が、前記光弁フィルムの前記第1の相対する外面上に付された前記中間層材料に付されて接着され、前記第1の対のうちの他方が、前記光弁フィルムの前記第2の相対する外面上に付された前記中間層材料上に付されて接着され、前記対の基板が、プラスチック及びガラスから成るグループから選択された材料で形成される、第1の対の基板と、
d)前記第1の対の基板の各々の外面の少なくとも一部分に付された高分子中間層材料の第2の層と、
e)第2の対の基板であって、前記第2の対のうちの一方が、前記第1の対の基板の1つの外面上に付された前記中間層上に付されて接着され、前記第2の対の他方が、前記第1の対の基板の他方の外面上に付された前記中間層上に付されて接着され、前記第2の対の基板が、プラスチック及びガラスから成るグループから選択された材料で形成される、第2の対の基板と、
を備え、
前記第1の対の基板がプラスチックで形成される場合、前記第2の対の前記基板がガラスで形成され、または、その逆である、ことを特徴とする積層光弁フィルム。 - 前記光弁フィルムは、前記電極に付加された導電性材料をさらに備え、前記材料が、前記積層光弁フィルムの周辺部を越えて延びて、適切な電圧供給源への前記フィルムの接続を可能にするようになっている、請求項1に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記第1の対の基板はガラスで形成され、前記第2の対の基板はプラスチックで形成される、請求項1に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記第1の対の基板はプラスチックで形成され、前記第2の対の基板はガラスで形成される、請求項1に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記基板を形成するのに用いる前記ガラスは、強化ガラス、焼きなましガラス、低鉄ガラス、低eガラス、UV遮断ガラス、化学的に強化されたガラス、及び抗菌性ガラスから成るグループから選択される、請求項1に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記ガラス基板の各々の厚みは0.55mm〜2.0mmの範囲である、請求項1に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記ガラス基板の各々の厚みは0.55mm〜1.10mmの範囲である、請求項6に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記基板を形成するのに用いる前記プラスチックは、ポリカーボネート、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリスチレン、及びポリプロピレンから成るグループから選択される、請求項1に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記プラスチック基板の各々の厚みは1.0mm〜10.0mmの範囲である、請求項1に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記プラスチック基板の各々の厚みは1.0mm〜5.0mmの範囲である、請求項9に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記ガラス基板及び前記プラスチック基板の各々は、0.10mm〜0.55mmの範囲の厚みを有し、前記フィルムに損傷を与えることなく、湾曲した用途に用いるための前記積層光弁フィルムの曲がりを許容する、請求項1に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記プラスチック基板を形成するのに用いる前記材料は、前記高分子中間層材料よりも高い少なくとも10℃の軟化点を有する、請求項1に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記高分子中間層材料は、エチレン酢酸ビニル(EVA)、ポリビニルブチラール(PVB)及びポリウレタンから成るグループから選択される、請求項12に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 光弁の光変調素子を形成する積層光弁フィルムであって、前記積層フィルムは、
a)第1及び第2の相対する外面を有する光弁フィルムであって、
a)前記硬化エマルジョン全体にわたって分配された液体光弁懸濁液の複数の非架橋液滴を有する硬化懸濁粒子デバイスエマルジョンと、
b)第1及び第2のプラスチックシートと、
を備え、前記シートは、前記硬化エマルジョンから外方に位置してこれを挟んでおり、薄い透明な導電性被膜の層が、前記硬化エマルジョンに隣接して、前記第1及び第2のプラスチックシートの各々の内面上に位置し、前記被膜は、印加された電界が前記硬化エマルジョンを通って通過するのを可能にする電極としての機能を果たす、光弁フィルムと、
b)前記光弁フィルムの前記第1及び第2の相対する外面の各々の少なくとも一部分に付された高分子中間層材料の層と、
c)1対の基板であって、前記対のうちの一方が、前記光弁フィルムの前記第1の相対する外面上に付された前記中間層材料上に付されて接着され、前記基板のうちの他方が、前記光弁フィルムの前記第2の相対する外面上に付された前記中間層材料上に付されて接着される、1対の基板と、
を備え、前記基板の各々が、片側又は両側上で少なくとも1つのカラス層でコーティングされたプラスチックで形成され、前記ガラス被膜は、0.5ミクロン〜2.4ミクロンの範囲の厚みを有する、ことを特徴とする積層光弁フィルム。 - 前記基板の各々のプラスチック部分は、1.0mm〜10.0mmの範囲の厚みを有する、請求項14に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記基板の各々の前記プラスチック部分は、1.0mm〜5.0mmの範囲の厚みを有する、請求項15に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記基板の各々にコーティングされた前記ガラスは、0.5ミクロン〜1.5ミクロンに範囲の厚みを有する、請求項14に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記光弁フィルムは、前記電極に付加された導電性材料をさらに備え、前記材料が、前記積層光弁フィルムの周辺部を越えて延びて、適切な電圧供給源への前記フィルムの接続を可能にするようになっている、請求項14に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記基板を形成するのに用いる前記プラスチックは、ポリカーボネート、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリスチレン、及びポリプロピレンから成るグループから選択される、請求項14に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記プラスチック基板を形成するのに用いる前記材料は、前記高分子中間層材料よりも高い少なくとも10℃の軟化点を有する、請求項14に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記高分子中間層材料は、エチレン酢酸ビニル(EVA)、ポリビニルブチラール(PVB)、及びポリウレタンから成るグループから選択される、請求項20に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 光弁の光変調素子を形成する積層光弁フィルムであって、
a)第1及び第2の相対する外面を有する光弁フィルムと、
b)前記光弁フィルムの前記第1及び第2の相対する外層の少なくとも一部分に付された高分子中間層材料の層と、
c)1対の基板であって、前記対のうちの一方が、前記光弁フィルムの前記第1の相対する外面上に付された前記中間層材料上に付されて接着され、前記基板のうちの他方が、前記光弁フィルムの前記第2の相対する外面上に付された前記中間層材料上に付されて接着される1対の基板と、
を備え、前記基板の各々が、片側又は両側上で少なくとも1つのプラスチック層でコーティングされたガラスで形成され、前記基板の各々の前記ガラスは0.55mm〜2.0mmの範囲の厚みを有し、
前記プラスチックは、ポリカーボネート、ポリメチルメタクリレート、ポリスチレン及びポリプロピレンから成るグループから選択された材料から形成される、ことを特徴とする積層光弁フィルム。 - 前記ガラスの両側上の前記プラスチック被膜は、同じ厚みを有することができ、又は片側上の厚みは、他方側上の被膜の厚みとは異なることができる、請求項22に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記基板の各々の前記プラスチック被膜は、1ミクロン〜25ミクロンの範囲の厚みを有する、請求項22に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記基板の各々の前記プラスチック被膜は、10ミクロン〜25ミクロンの範囲の厚みを有する、請求項24に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記フィルムは、
a)前記硬化エマルジョン全体にわたって分配された液体光弁懸濁液の複数の非架橋液滴を有する硬化懸濁粒子デバイスエマルジョンと、
b)第1及び第2のプラスチックシートと、
を備え、前記シートは、前記硬化エマルジョンから外方に位置してこれを挟んでおり、薄い透明な導電性被膜の層が、前記硬化エマルジョンに隣接し、前記第1及び前記第2のプラスチックシートの各々の内面上に位置し、前記被膜は、印可された電界が前記硬化エマルジョンを通って通過するのを可能にする電極としての機能を果たす、請求項22に記載の積層光弁フィルム。 - 前記フィルムは、
a)硬化ポリマー内に分散された液晶を含有する液滴と、
b)第1及び第2のプラスチックシートと、
を備え、前記シートは、前記硬化ポリマーから外方に位置してこれを挟んでおり、薄い透明な導電性被膜の層が、前記硬化ポリマーに隣接して、前記第1及び第2のプラスチックシートの各々の内面上に位置し、前記被膜は、印加された電界が前記硬化ポリマーを通って通過するのを可能にする電極としての機能を果たす、請求項22に記載の積層光弁フィルム。 - 前記光弁フィルムは、前記電極に付加された導電性材料をさらに備え、前記材料が、前記積層光弁フィルムの周辺部を越えて延びて、適切な電圧供給源への前記フィルムの接続を可能にするようになっている、請求項26又は27に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記基板を形成するのに用いる前記ガラスは、強化ガラス、焼きなましガラス、低鉄ガラス、低eガラス、UV遮断ガラス、化学的に強化されたガラス及び抗菌性ガラスから成るグループから選択される、請求項22に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記基板をコーティングするのに用いる前記プラスチック材料は、前記高分子中間層材料よりも高い少なくとも10℃の軟化点を有する、請求項22に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
- 前記高分子中間層材料は、エチレン酢酸ビニル(EVA)、ポリビニルブチラール(PVB)、及びポリウレタンから成るグループから選択される、請求項30に記載の積層光弁フィルム。
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