JP6725466B2 - Vehicle drive - Google Patents

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JP6725466B2
JP6725466B2 JP2017177579A JP2017177579A JP6725466B2 JP 6725466 B2 JP6725466 B2 JP 6725466B2 JP 2017177579 A JP2017177579 A JP 2017177579A JP 2017177579 A JP2017177579 A JP 2017177579A JP 6725466 B2 JP6725466 B2 JP 6725466B2
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gear
lubricating oil
drive device
large diameter
rotation
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JP2019052711A (en
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愛子 妙木
愛子 妙木
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NTN Corp
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Description

本発明は、車両駆動装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a vehicle drive device.

例えば、下記の特許文献1には、車両駆動装置の一種であるインホイールモータ駆動装置が開示されている。このインホイールモータ駆動装置は、電動モータ部と、車輪を回転自在に支持する車輪用軸受部と、電動モータ部の回転を減速して車輪用軸受部に伝達する減速機部と、電動モータ部および減速機部を収容したケーシングとを備え、減速機部には、回転中心軸が互いに平行に配置された(回転中心がオフセット配置された)入力歯車、中間歯車および出力歯車を有し、電動モータ部の回転を二段以上で減速して車輪用軸受部に伝達する平行軸歯車減速機が採用されている。 For example, Patent Document 1 below discloses an in-wheel motor drive device, which is a type of vehicle drive device. This in-wheel motor drive device includes an electric motor unit, a wheel bearing unit that rotatably supports a wheel, a speed reducer unit that decelerates rotation of the electric motor unit and transmits the rotation to the wheel bearing unit, and an electric motor unit. And a casing accommodating the reduction gear unit. The reduction gear unit has an input gear whose rotation center axes are arranged in parallel to each other (the rotation center is offset), an intermediate gear and an output gear, A parallel shaft gear reducer is used that reduces the rotation of the motor unit in two or more stages and transmits it to the wheel bearing unit.

上記の減速機部には、通常、その各部(特に、歯車同士の噛み合い部)を潤滑・冷却するための潤滑機構が設けられる。この潤滑機構としては、例えば、オイルポンプから延びるオイル配管上にノズルを設け、このノズルから所定箇所に向けて潤滑油を噴射するもの(特許文献2)や、歯車(歯車軸)内に歯底に繋がる給油孔を設け、この給油孔を介して歯底に潤滑油を供給するもの(特許文献3)などがある。これらの潤滑機構は、歯車同士の噛み合い部を直接的に潤滑・冷却可能であることから、平行軸歯車減速機の信頼性・耐久性を高める上で好ましいと言える。 The speed reducer section is usually provided with a lubrication mechanism for lubricating and cooling the respective parts (particularly, the meshing parts of the gears). As this lubrication mechanism, for example, a nozzle is provided on an oil pipe extending from an oil pump, and lubricating oil is injected from this nozzle to a predetermined location (Patent Document 2), or a tooth bottom in a gear (gear shaft). There is a device (Patent Document 3) in which an oil supply hole connected to is provided and the lubricating oil is supplied to the tooth bottom through the oil supply hole. Since these lubrication mechanisms can directly lubricate and cool the meshing portions of the gears, it can be said that these lubrication mechanisms are preferable for improving the reliability and durability of the parallel shaft gear reducer.

特開2017−65666号公報JP, 2017-65666, A 特開2009−156368号公報JP, 2009-156368, A 特開2012−82945号公報JP2012-82945A

車両に対する搭載性の他、車両の走行安定性やNVH特性等を高める観点から、車両駆動装置は、できるだけ軽量・コンパクトであることが求められる。そのため、車両駆動装置に装備される減速機(平行軸歯車減速機)においては、その構成部品を密に配置すると共に、減速機とこれを収容したケーシングとの間の隙間幅を極力小さく設定するのが好ましい(例えば、特許文献1の図7および図8を参照)。従って、減速機、ひいてはインホイールモータ駆動装置の大型化や複雑化、さらには高コスト化等を招来する可能性が高い特許文献2,3の潤滑機構を、インホイールモータ駆動装置の減速機に適用するのは現実的ではない。 The vehicle drive device is required to be as lightweight and compact as possible from the viewpoint of enhancing the traveling stability and NVH characteristics of the vehicle as well as the mountability on the vehicle. Therefore, in the speed reducer (parallel shaft gear speed reducer) installed in the vehicle drive device, the components are densely arranged, and the gap width between the speed reducer and the casing accommodating the speed reducer is set to be as small as possible. Is preferable (see, for example, FIGS. 7 and 8 of Patent Document 1). Therefore, the reduction mechanism of the in-wheel motor drive device is provided with the lubrication mechanism of Patent Documents 2 and 3 which is likely to cause the reduction gear, and eventually the in-wheel motor drive device to be large and complicated, and to be high in cost. It is not realistic to apply.

そこで、減速機を構成する歯車(例えば、出力歯車)の一部を常時油浴状態とし、出力歯車の回転に伴って掻き上げられる潤滑油を利用して歯車同士の噛み合い部を潤滑・冷却する潤滑機構を採用することが検討されている。しかしながら、車両駆動装置を軽量・コンパクト化する目的で、減速機の構成部品を密に配置すると共に、減速機とケーシングとの間の隙間幅を極力小さく設定した場合、出力歯車とこれに噛み合う中間歯車との噛み合い部(最終噛み合い部)よりも前段の噛み合い部(例えば、入力歯車と中間歯車との噛み合い部)には、出力歯車の回転に伴って掻き上げられる潤滑油を効率良く供給できない可能性がある。 Therefore, a part of the gears (for example, output gears) that make up the speed reducer is always in an oil bath state, and lubricating oil that is scraped up as the output gears rotate is used to lubricate and cool the meshing parts of the gears. The adoption of a lubrication mechanism is being considered. However, in order to reduce the weight and size of the vehicle drive unit, if the components of the speed reducer are densely arranged and the gap width between the speed reducer and the casing is set to be as small as possible, the output gear and the intermediate part that meshes with it It is not possible to efficiently supply the lubricating oil that is scraped up with the rotation of the output gear to the meshing part (for example, the meshing part between the input gear and the intermediate gear) in the previous stage than the meshing part with the gear (final meshing part). There is a nature.

以上の実情に鑑み、本発明は、減速機に平行軸歯車減速機を適用した車両駆動装置において、装置全体の大型化・複雑化等を招来することなく、減速機を構成する歯車同士の噛み合い部を効率良く潤滑・冷却可能とすることを目的とする。 In view of the above situation, the present invention relates to a vehicle drive device in which a parallel shaft gear reducer is applied to a reducer, and meshes the gears forming the reducer without causing an increase in size or complexity of the entire device. The purpose is to enable efficient lubrication and cooling of parts.

上記の目的を達成するために創案された本発明は、電動モータ部と、減速機部と、電動モータ部および減速機部を収容したケーシングとを備え、減速機部が、回転中心軸が互いに平行に配置された入力歯車、中間歯車および出力歯車を有し、電動モータ部の回転を二段以上で減速して車輪用軸受部に伝達する平行軸歯車減速機で構成された車両駆動装置において、ケーシング内に、出力歯車の歯車部の一部を油浴状態とする潤滑油が充填され、中間歯車が、出力歯車の歯車部と軸方向に近接配置された大径歯車部を有し、大径歯車部の歯先円の径方向外側に、出力歯車の回転に伴って掻き上げられた潤滑油の一部を受け止めて上記大径歯車部の歯先との間に潤滑油溜りを形成する潤滑油溜り形成部が設けられていることを特徴とする。 The present invention devised to achieve the above object includes an electric motor unit, a speed reducer unit, and a casing accommodating the electric motor unit and the speed reducer unit. A vehicle drive device including a parallel shaft gear reducer that has an input gear, an intermediate gear, and an output gear that are arranged in parallel and that reduces the rotation of an electric motor unit in two or more stages and transmits it to a wheel bearing unit. In the casing, a lubricating oil for putting a part of the gear portion of the output gear into an oil bath state is filled, and the intermediate gear has a large-diameter gear portion axially arranged close to the gear portion of the output gear, A part of the lubricating oil scraped up by the rotation of the output gear is received on the outer side of the tooth tip circle of the large diameter gear part in the radial direction, and a lubricating oil sump is formed between it and the tooth tip of the large diameter gear part. Is provided with a lubricating oil sump forming portion.

上記構成によれば、減速機部の歯車(特に出力歯車)が回転するのに伴ってケーシング内に充填した潤滑油が掻き上げられると、この潤滑油は、出力歯車と中間歯車との噛み合い部(以下、「最終噛み合い部」ともいう)に供給される他、出力歯車の歯車部と軸方向に近接配置された大径歯車部のうち、特に出力歯車の歯車部と軸方向に対向する一端面に付着する。大径歯車部の一端面に付着した潤滑油は、中間歯車の回転に伴って作用する遠心力等の影響を受けて大径歯車部の一端面に沿って径方向外側に移動し、大径歯車部とこれに噛み合う歯車部(例えば入力歯車の歯車部)との噛み合い部に供給される。また、大径歯車部の歯先円の径方向外側には潤滑油溜り形成部が設けられていることから、大径歯車部の一端面に付着した潤滑油が径方向外側に移動すると、大径歯車部の歯先と潤滑油溜り形成部との間に潤滑油溜りが形成される。潤滑油溜りを構成する潤滑油(の一部)は、大径歯車部の回転に伴って大径歯車部の回転方向前方側に飛散する。そのため、中間歯車よりも前段に配置される歯車(例えば入力歯車)を、潤滑油溜りを構成する潤滑油の飛散方向前方側に配置しておけば、この歯車にも潤滑油を供給することができる。 According to the above configuration, when the lubricating oil filled in the casing is scraped up as the gears (especially the output gears) of the reduction gear unit rotate, the lubricating oil is used as the meshing portion between the output gear and the intermediate gear. (Hereinafter, also referred to as “final meshing portion”), one of the large-diameter gear portions axially arranged close to the gear portion of the output gear and facing the gear portion of the output gear in the axial direction. Adhere to the end face. The lubricating oil that adheres to the one end surface of the large diameter gear moves radially outward along the one end surface of the large diameter gear, under the influence of the centrifugal force, etc. that acts with the rotation of the intermediate gear. It is supplied to the meshing portion between the gear portion and the gear portion that meshes with the gear portion (for example, the gear portion of the input gear). Further, since the lubricating oil sump forming portion is provided on the radially outer side of the addendum circle of the large diameter gear part, if the lubricating oil attached to one end face of the large diameter gear part moves radially outward, A lubricating oil sump is formed between the addendum of the radial gear portion and the lubricating oil sump forming portion. Lubricating oil that constitutes the lubricating oil sump (a part thereof) scatters forward of the large-diameter gear portion in the rotational direction as the large-diameter gear portion rotates. Therefore, if the gear (for example, the input gear) that is arranged in the preceding stage of the intermediate gear is arranged on the front side in the scattering direction of the lubricating oil that constitutes the lubricating oil sump, the lubricating oil can be supplied to this gear as well. it can.

このため、減速機部が、入力歯車、一の中間歯車および出力歯車を有する三軸タイプの平行軸歯車減速機(歯車同士の噛み合い部を二つ有し、電動モータ部の回転を二段階で減速して車輪用軸受部に伝達する平行軸歯車減速機)である場合には、減速機部にオイルポンプやオイル配管を設置する、などといった対策を講じずとも、全ての歯車同士の噛み合い部を効率良く潤滑・冷却することができる。なお、減速機部が、入力歯車と出力歯車との間に二以上の中間歯車が配置され、電動モータ部の回転を三段以上で減速して車輪用軸受部に伝達する平行軸歯車減速機である場合、少なくとも、最終噛み合い部、および上記大径歯車部とこれに噛み合う歯車部との噛み合い部は、上記同様にして効率良く潤滑・冷却することができる。以上のことから、本発明によれば、車両駆動装置の大型化や複雑化等を招来することなく、平行軸歯車減速機を構成する歯車同士の噛み合い部を効率良く潤滑・冷却することができる。 Therefore, the reduction gear unit has a three-shaft type parallel shaft gear reduction gear having an input gear, one intermediate gear, and an output gear (two gear meshing parts are provided, and rotation of the electric motor part is performed in two stages. In the case of a parallel shaft gear reducer that reduces the speed and transmits it to the wheel bearing part, the meshing part of all gears can be engaged without taking measures such as installing an oil pump or oil piping in the reducer part. Can be efficiently lubricated and cooled. In the reduction gear unit, two or more intermediate gears are arranged between the input gear and the output gear, and the parallel shaft gear reduction gear that reduces the rotation of the electric motor unit in three or more stages and transmits it to the wheel bearing unit. In this case, at least the final meshing portion and the meshing portion between the large-diameter gear portion and the gear portion meshing therewith can be efficiently lubricated and cooled in the same manner as described above. From the above, according to the present invention, it is possible to efficiently lubricate and cool the meshing portions of the gears forming the parallel shaft gear reducer without causing the vehicle drive device to become large or complicated. ..

大径歯車部の歯先円のうち、潤滑油溜りを構成する潤滑油との接触部における接線と、大径歯車部と噛み合う歯車部の歯先円とが、大径歯車部が車両を前進させる方向に回転している時の大径歯車部の回転方向前方側で交差していれば、車両駆動装置を搭載した車両の前進移動時(すなわち、車両駆動装置の駆動時の大半)に、潤滑油溜りを構成する潤滑油を大径歯車部と噛み合う歯車部に跳ね掛けることが可能となる。 Of the addendum circle of the large diameter gear part, the tangent line at the contact part with the lubricating oil that constitutes the lubricating oil sump and the addendum circle of the gear part that meshes with the large diameter gear part make the large diameter gear part advance the vehicle. If the vehicle crosses on the front side in the rotation direction of the large-diameter gear portion when rotating in the direction of rotation, when the vehicle equipped with the vehicle drive device moves forward (that is, most of the time when the vehicle drive device is driven), It is possible to splash the lubricating oil that constitutes the lubricating oil sump on the gear portion that meshes with the large diameter gear portion.

これと同様の考え方で、大径歯車部の歯先円のうち、潤滑油溜りを構成する潤滑油との接触部における接線と、被潤滑部品(たとえば中間歯車より前段の歯車や、歯車を回転自在に支持する軸受)の外接円とが交差していれば、被潤滑部品に潤滑油を跳ね掛けることが可能となる。 Based on the same concept as above, the tangent line of the tip circle of the large diameter gear part at the contact part with the lubricating oil that makes up the lubricating oil sump, and the part to be lubricated (for example, the gear before the intermediate gear or the gear is rotated If the circumscribed circle of the bearing (which is freely supported) intersects, it becomes possible to splash the lubricating oil on the lubricated component.

大径歯車部の一端面に付着した後、重力や遠心力の影響を受けて大径歯車部の一端面に沿って径方向外側に移動する潤滑油を適切に受け止め可能とする観点から、潤滑油溜り形成部は、上記大径歯車部を有する中間歯車の回転中心軸よりも鉛直方向下方側に設けるのが好ましい。 After adhering to one end surface of the large-diameter gear part, it is possible to properly receive the lubricating oil that moves outward in the radial direction along the one end surface of the large-diameter gear part under the influence of gravity or centrifugal force. The oil sump forming portion is preferably provided vertically below the center axis of rotation of the intermediate gear having the large-diameter gear portion.

大径歯車部と噛み合う歯車部の歯幅を、大径歯車部の歯幅よりも大きくしておけば、大径歯車部の一端面に付着した潤滑油を、大径歯車部と噛み合う歯車部に対して効率良く供給することができる。 If the tooth width of the gear part that meshes with the large diameter gear part is made larger than the tooth width of the large diameter gear part, the lubricating oil that adheres to one end surface of the large diameter gear part will mesh with the large diameter gear part. Can be efficiently supplied to.

大径歯車部とこれに噛み合う歯車部との噛み合い部を効率良く潤滑・冷却可能とするため、大径歯車部のうち、出力歯車の歯車部と軸方向で対向する端面は、この端面に付着した潤滑油を径方向内側から径方向外側に向けて円滑に移動させ得る形状に形成しておくのが好ましい。なお、「端面に付着した潤滑油を径方向内側から径方向外側に向けて円滑に移動させ得る形状」とは、端面に付着した潤滑油が径方向内側から径方向外側に向けて移動する際に剥離等するような凹凸(段差)がない形状、と同義である。 In order to efficiently lubricate and cool the meshing part between the large-diameter gear part and the gear part that meshes with it, the end face of the large-diameter gear part that faces the output gear gear part in the axial direction is attached to this end face. It is preferable to form the lubricating oil into a shape that can be smoothly moved from the radially inner side to the radially outer side. It should be noted that "a shape that allows lubricant oil adhering to the end surface to move smoothly from the inner side in the radial direction to the outer side in the radial direction" means that the lubricant oil adhering to the end surface moves from the inner side in the radial direction to the outer side in the radial direction. It is synonymous with a shape having no unevenness (step) such as peeling.

潤滑油溜り形成部の形状および大きさは、歯車等と干渉しない限りにおいて任意に設定することができる。このため、潤滑油溜り形成部は、例えば、ケーシングに一体的に設けた凸部で構成することができる他、出力歯車の軸部で構成することができる。このようにすれば、潤滑油溜りを形成するための別部品(専用部品)が不要となるので、減速機部の複雑化を回避する上で有利となる。 The shape and size of the lubricating oil sump forming portion can be arbitrarily set as long as they do not interfere with a gear or the like. For this reason, the lubricating oil sump forming portion can be formed of, for example, a convex portion integrally provided in the casing, or can be formed of a shaft portion of the output gear. This eliminates the need for a separate part (dedicated part) for forming the lubricating oil sump, which is advantageous in avoiding complication of the reduction gear unit.

出力歯車の回転に伴って掻き上げられる潤滑油を、最終噛み合い部手前に誘導する誘導部を設けておけば、最終噛み合い部に対する潤滑油の供給効率を高めることができる。このとき、上記誘導部のうち、潤滑油の掻き上げ方向前方側の端部を、出力歯車と噛み合う中間歯車の最大歯先円の内側に位置させておけば、最終噛み合い部に対する潤滑油の供給効率を一層高めることができる。 By providing a guide part for guiding the lubricating oil scraped up by the rotation of the output gear to the front of the final meshing part, the efficiency of supplying the lubricating oil to the final meshing part can be improved. At this time, if the end of the guide part on the front side in the scraping direction of the lubricating oil is located inside the maximum addendum circle of the intermediate gear that meshes with the output gear, the supply of lubricating oil to the final meshing part The efficiency can be further increased.

入力歯車および中間歯車は、出力歯車の歯車部の一部を油浴状態とする潤滑油とは接触しないように配置するのが好ましい。撹拌抵抗の増大による平行軸歯車減速機の効率低下を避けるためである。同様の理由から、最終噛み合い部は、出力歯車の回転中心軸よりも鉛直方向上側に位置させるのが好ましい。 It is preferable that the input gear and the intermediate gear are arranged so that a part of the gear portion of the output gear does not come into contact with the lubricating oil that makes the oil bath state. This is to avoid a decrease in efficiency of the parallel shaft gear reducer due to an increase in stirring resistance. For the same reason, it is preferable that the final meshing portion is located vertically above the rotation center axis of the output gear.

以上から、本発明によれば、減速機に平行軸歯車減速機を適用した車両駆動装置において、装置全体の大型化・複雑化等を招来することなく、平行軸歯車減速機を構成する歯車同士の噛み合い部を効率良く潤滑・冷却することが可能となる。これにより、軽量・コンパクトで信頼性に富む車両駆動装置を実現することができる。 From the above, according to the present invention, in a vehicle drive device in which a parallel shaft gear reducer is applied to a speed reducer, the gears forming the parallel shaft gear reducer can be combined without causing an increase in size or complexity of the entire device. It is possible to efficiently lubricate and cool the meshing part of. As a result, it is possible to realize a vehicle drive device that is lightweight, compact, and highly reliable.

本発明の一実施形態に係る車両駆動装置としてのインホイールモータ駆動装置の全体構造を示す断面図である。It is a sectional view showing the whole structure of an in-wheel motor drive as a vehicle drive concerning one embodiment of the present invention. 図1に示す平行軸歯車減速機の横断面図であって、同減速機を構成する各歯車の配置態様(レイアウト)の一例を示す概要図である。FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the parallel shaft gear reducer shown in FIG. 1, and is a schematic diagram showing an example of an arrangement mode (layout) of each gear that constitutes the reducer. (a)〜(d)図は、何れも、大径歯車部の変形例を模式的に示す図である。(A)-(d) is a figure which shows typically the modification of a large diameter gear part. (a)図および(b)図は、何れも、変形例に係る平行軸歯車減速機の要部概要図である。Both (a) and (b) are schematic views of the essential parts of a parallel shaft gear reducer according to a modification. 変形例に係る平行軸歯車減速機の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of a parallel shaft gear reducer according to a modification. 変形例に係る平行軸歯車減速機の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of a parallel shaft gear reducer according to a modification. (a)図は、変形例に係る平行軸歯車減速機を構成する各歯車の配置態様を示す概要図、(b)図は、(a)図の右側面図である。(A) figure is a schematic diagram showing an arrangement mode of each gear which constitutes a parallel axis gear reducer concerning a modification, and (b) figure is a right side view of (a) figure. インホイールモータ駆動装置を搭載した電気自動車の概略平面図である。It is a schematic plan view of the electric vehicle carrying the in-wheel motor drive device. 図8に示す電気自動車の後方断面図である。FIG. 9 is a rear cross-sectional view of the electric vehicle shown in FIG. 8.

以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面に基づいて説明する。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

まず、図8および図9に基づき、車両駆動装置の一種であるインホイールモータ駆動装置を搭載した電気自動車11の概要を説明する。図8に示すように、電気自動車11は、シャシー12と、操舵輪として機能する一対の前輪13と、駆動輪として機能する一対の後輪14と、左右の後輪14のそれぞれを駆動するインホイールモータ駆動装置21とを備える。図9に示すように、後輪14は、シャシー12のホイールハウジング15の内部に収容され、懸架装置16を介してシャシー12の下部に固定されている。 First, an outline of an electric vehicle 11 equipped with an in-wheel motor drive device, which is a type of vehicle drive device, will be described with reference to FIGS. 8 and 9. As shown in FIG. 8, the electric vehicle 11 drives a chassis 12, a pair of front wheels 13 that function as steered wheels, a pair of rear wheels 14 that function as drive wheels, and an in-vehicle drive wheel that drives each of the left and right rear wheels 14. The wheel motor drive device 21 is provided. As shown in FIG. 9, the rear wheel 14 is housed inside the wheel housing 15 of the chassis 12 and is fixed to the lower portion of the chassis 12 via a suspension device 16.

懸架装置16は、左右に延びるサスペンションアームによって後輪14を支持すると共に、コイルスプリングとショックアブソーバとを含むストラットによって、後輪14が路面から受ける振動を吸収してシャシー12の振動を抑制する。左右のサスペンションアームの連結部分には、旋回時等の車体の傾きを抑制するスタビライザが設けられる。懸架装置16は、路面の凹凸に対する追従性を向上し、後輪14の駆動力を効率よく路面に伝達するために、左右の車輪を独立して上下させる独立懸架式としている。 The suspension device 16 supports the rear wheel 14 by a suspension arm extending to the left and right, and absorbs the vibration received by the rear wheel 14 from the road surface by the strut including the coil spring and the shock absorber to suppress the vibration of the chassis 12. Stabilizers are provided at the connecting portions of the left and right suspension arms to suppress tilting of the vehicle body during turning. The suspension device 16 is of an independent suspension type in which the left and right wheels are independently moved up and down in order to improve the followability to the unevenness of the road surface and to efficiently transmit the driving force of the rear wheel 14 to the road surface.

この電気自動車11では、左右のホイールハウジング15の内部に、左右の後輪14それぞれを回転駆動させるインホイールモータ駆動装置21が組み込まれるので、シャシー12上にモータ、ドライブシャフトおよびデファレンシャルギヤ機構等を設ける必要がなくなる。そのため、この電気自動車11は、客室スペースを広く確保でき、しかも、左右の後輪14の回転をそれぞれ制御することができるという利点を備えている。 In the electric vehicle 11, since the in-wheel motor drive device 21 that rotationally drives the left and right rear wheels 14 is incorporated inside the left and right wheel housings 15, a motor, a drive shaft, a differential gear mechanism, and the like are mounted on the chassis 12. There is no need to provide it. Therefore, the electric vehicle 11 has an advantage that a large passenger compartment space can be secured and the rotations of the left and right rear wheels 14 can be controlled respectively.

なお、インホイールモータ駆動装置21は、上記のように、後輪14を駆動輪とした後輪駆動タイプの電気自動車11のみならず、前輪13を駆動輪とした前輪駆動タイプの電気自動車や、前輪13および後輪14を駆動輪とした4輪駆動タイプの電気自動車に適用することもできる。また、上記の電気自動車11では独立懸架式の懸架装置16を採用しているが、懸架装置16の懸架方式も任意に設計することができる。 As described above, the in-wheel motor drive device 21 includes not only the rear-wheel drive type electric vehicle 11 in which the rear wheels 14 are drive wheels, but also the front-wheel drive type electric vehicle in which the front wheels 13 are drive wheels, It can also be applied to a four-wheel drive type electric vehicle having front wheels 13 and rear wheels 14 as driving wheels. Although the electric vehicle 11 employs the suspension device 16 of the independent suspension type, the suspension system of the suspension device 16 can be designed arbitrarily.

電気自動車11の走行安定性およびNVH特性を向上するためには、ばね下重量を抑える必要がある。また、電気自動車11の客室スペースを拡大するためには、インホイールモータ駆動装置21を小型化する必要がある。係る要請に対応すべく、以下説明するようなインホイールモータ駆動装置21を採用する。 In order to improve the running stability and NVH characteristics of the electric vehicle 11, it is necessary to suppress the unsprung weight. Further, in order to expand the cabin space of the electric vehicle 11, it is necessary to downsize the in-wheel motor drive device 21. In order to meet such a request, an in-wheel motor drive device 21 as described below is adopted.

図1に示すように、車両駆動装置の一種であるインホイールモータ駆動装置21は、駆動力を発生させる電動モータ部Aと、電動モータ部Aの回転を減速して出力する減速機部Bと、減速機部Bの出力を車輪(駆動輪としての後輪14:図8参照)に伝達する車輪用軸受部Cとを備えている。電動モータ部Aおよび減速機部Bはケーシング22に収容され、車輪用軸受部Cはケーシング22に取り付けられている。なお、以下の説明では、インホイールモータ駆動装置21をホイールハウジング15(図9参照)内に取り付けた状態で車幅方向外側および車幅方向内側となる側を、それぞれ、アウトボード側およびインボード側という。図1においては、紙面左側がアウトボード側であり、紙面右側がインボード側である。 As shown in FIG. 1, an in-wheel motor drive device 21, which is a type of vehicle drive device, includes an electric motor unit A that generates a driving force, and a speed reducer unit B that decelerates and outputs the rotation of the electric motor unit A. , A wheel bearing portion C for transmitting the output of the speed reducer portion B to a wheel (rear wheel 14 as a drive wheel: see FIG. 8). The electric motor portion A and the reduction gear portion B are housed in the casing 22, and the wheel bearing portion C is attached to the casing 22. In the following description, the inboard motor drive device 21 installed in the wheel housing 15 (see FIG. 9) is the outboard side and the inboard side of the vehicle width direction outer side and the vehicle width direction inner side, respectively. Side. In FIG. 1, the left side of the paper is the outboard side, and the right side of the paper is the inboard side.

ケーシング22は、電動モータ部Aを収容したモータ収容室22Aと、減速機部Bを収容した減速機収容室22Bとを有する。図示例のケーシング22は、モータ収容室22Aと減速機収容室22Bとを一体的に設けたものであるが、実際には、各室22A,22Bへの電動モータ部Aおよび減速機部Bの組込み性を考慮して任意の位置で分割され、適宜の手段で連結される場合が多い。 The casing 22 has a motor housing chamber 22A housing the electric motor unit A and a speed reducer housing chamber 22B housing the speed reducer unit B. The casing 22 in the illustrated example integrally includes the motor housing chamber 22A and the speed reducer housing chamber 22B, but in reality, the electric motor unit A and the speed reducer unit B to the chambers 22A and 22B are provided. In many cases, it is divided at an arbitrary position in consideration of embedding property and connected by an appropriate means.

電動モータ部Aは、ケーシング22に固定されたステータ23と、ステータ23の内側に径方向隙間を介して対向配置されたロータ24と、外周にロータ24を装着したモータ回転軸25とを備えるラジアルギャップ型の電動モータ26で構成されている。モータ回転軸25は、毎分1万数千回程度の回転速度で回転可能であり、その軸方向に離間した二箇所に配置された転がり軸受40,41によってケーシング22に対して回転自在に支持されている。なお、電動モータ26としては、ステータ23とロータ24とが軸方向隙間を介して対向配置される、いわゆるアキシャルギャップ型を採用することもできる。 The electric motor unit A includes a stator 23 fixed to the casing 22, a rotor 24 disposed inside the stator 23 with a radial gap therebetween, and a motor rotating shaft 25 having the rotor 24 mounted on the outer periphery thereof. It is composed of a gap type electric motor 26. The motor rotation shaft 25 can rotate at a rotation speed of about 10,000 thousands per minute, and is rotatably supported with respect to the casing 22 by rolling bearings 40 and 41 arranged at two positions separated in the axial direction thereof. Has been done. The electric motor 26 may be of a so-called axial gap type in which the stator 23 and the rotor 24 are arranged to face each other with a gap in the axial direction.

図1に示すように、減速機部Bは、複数の歯車(歯車軸)を有し、各歯車の回転中心軸が互いに平行に配置された、いわゆる平行軸歯車減速機30で構成される。本実施形態の平行軸歯車減速機30は、入力歯車31、中間歯車32および出力歯車33を有する三軸タイプである。図2に基づき各歯車31〜33の回転中心軸O1〜O3の配置態様を具体的に説明すると、出力歯車33の回転中心軸O3が最も鉛直方向下側に配置され、入力歯車31の回転中心軸O1が最も鉛直方向上側に配置され、中間歯車32の回転中心軸O2が回転中心軸O1,O3の間に配置されている。また、出力歯車33と中間歯車32との噛み合い部Mp、すなわち、減速機30の最終噛み合い部Mpは、出力歯車33の回転中心軸O3よりも鉛直方向上側に位置している。これは、減速機部Bを潤滑・冷却するためにケーシング22の減速機室22Bに充填される潤滑油70の撹拌抵抗の増大による減速機30の効率低下を避けるためである。 As shown in FIG. 1, the reduction gear unit B includes a plurality of gears (gear shafts), so-called parallel shaft gear reduction gears 30, in which the rotation center axes of the gears are arranged in parallel with each other. The parallel shaft gear reducer 30 of the present embodiment is a triaxial type having an input gear 31, an intermediate gear 32, and an output gear 33. The arrangement of the rotation center axes O1 to O3 of the gears 31 to 33 will be specifically described with reference to FIG. 2. The rotation center axis O3 of the output gear 33 is arranged at the lowermost position in the vertical direction, and the rotation center of the input gear 31. The axis O1 is arranged on the uppermost side in the vertical direction, and the rotation center axis O2 of the intermediate gear 32 is arranged between the rotation center axes O1 and O3. The meshing portion Mp between the output gear 33 and the intermediate gear 32, that is, the final meshing portion Mp of the speed reducer 30 is located vertically above the rotation center axis O3 of the output gear 33. This is to avoid a reduction in efficiency of the speed reducer 30 due to an increase in stirring resistance of the lubricating oil 70 filled in the speed reducer chamber 22B of the casing 22 for lubricating and cooling the speed reducer portion B.

図1に示すように、入力歯車31は、モータ回転軸25と同軸に配置された軸部31aと、軸部31aの径方向外側に張り出したフランジ状の歯車部34とを有する。入力歯車31の軸部31aは、スプライン嵌合によってモータ回転軸25と一体回転可能に連結されており、軸方向の二箇所に離間して配置された転がり軸受42,43によってケーシング22に回転自在に支持されている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the input gear 31 has a shaft portion 31a arranged coaxially with the motor rotation shaft 25, and a flange-shaped gear portion 34 protruding outward in the radial direction of the shaft portion 31a. The shaft portion 31a of the input gear 31 is integrally rotatably connected to the motor rotating shaft 25 by spline fitting, and is freely rotatable in the casing 22 by rolling bearings 42 and 43 arranged at two axially spaced positions. Supported by.

中間歯車32は、入力歯車31の軸部31aと平行に配置された軸部32aと、軸部32aの径方向外側に張り出したフランジ状の大径歯車部35および小径歯車部36とを有し、軸部32aは軸方向の二箇所に離間して配置された転がり軸受44,45によってケーシング22に回転自在に支持されている。また、出力歯車33は、上記の軸部31a,32aと平行に配置された軸部33aと、軸部33aの径方向外側に張り出したフランジ状の歯車部37とを有し、軸部33aは軸方向の二箇所に離間して配置された転がり軸受46,47によってケーシング22に回転自在に支持されている。 The intermediate gear 32 has a shaft portion 32a arranged in parallel with the shaft portion 31a of the input gear 31, and a flange-shaped large-diameter gear portion 35 and a small-diameter gear portion 36 that project outward in the radial direction of the shaft portion 32a. The shaft portion 32a is rotatably supported by the casing 22 by rolling bearings 44 and 45 that are arranged at two axially spaced positions. The output gear 33 has a shaft portion 33a arranged in parallel with the shaft portions 31a and 32a, and a flange-shaped gear portion 37 protruding outward in the radial direction of the shaft portion 33a. It is rotatably supported by the casing 22 by rolling bearings 46 and 47 which are arranged at two axially spaced positions.

この平行軸歯車減速機30では、入力歯車31の歯車部34と中間歯車32の大径歯車部35とが噛み合い、また、中間歯車32の小径歯車部36と出力歯車33の歯車部37とが噛み合っている。中間歯車32の大径歯車部35の歯数は、入力歯車31の歯車部34および中間歯車32の小径歯車部36の歯数よりも多く、出力歯車33の歯車部37の歯数は、中間歯車32の小径歯車部36の歯数よりも多い。係る構成から、本実施形態の平行軸歯車減速機30は、モータ回転軸25の回転を2段階で減速して車輪用軸受部Cに伝達する。 In the parallel shaft gear reducer 30, the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31 and the large diameter gear portion 35 of the intermediate gear 32 mesh with each other, and the small diameter gear portion 36 of the intermediate gear 32 and the gear portion 37 of the output gear 33 are combined. Are in mesh. The number of teeth of the large-diameter gear portion 35 of the intermediate gear 32 is larger than the number of teeth of the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31 and the small-diameter gear portion 36 of the intermediate gear 32, and the number of teeth of the gear portion 37 of the output gear 33 is intermediate. The number of teeth is larger than the number of teeth of the small-diameter gear portion 36 of the gear 32. With such a configuration, the parallel shaft gear reducer 30 of the present embodiment reduces the rotation of the motor rotation shaft 25 in two stages and transmits the rotation to the wheel bearing portion C.

詳細な図示は省略しているが、本実施形態の減速機30において、上記の各歯車部34〜37には、いわゆるはすば歯車を用いている。はすば歯車は、同時に噛み合う歯数が多く、歯当たりが分散されるため、噛み合い時の音が静かでトルク変動が少ないという利点を有する。従って、はすば歯車を用いれば、静粛かつトルク伝達効率に優れた平行軸歯車減速機30を実現する上で有利となる。 Although detailed illustration is omitted, in the speed reducer 30 of the present embodiment, so-called helical gears are used for the respective gear parts 34 to 37. The helical gear has a large number of teeth that mesh at the same time and the tooth contact is dispersed, so that it has the advantages that the sound at the time of meshing is quiet and the torque fluctuation is small. Therefore, the use of the helical gear is advantageous in realizing the parallel shaft gear reducer 30 that is quiet and has excellent torque transmission efficiency.

図1に示すように、車輪用軸受部Cは、いわゆる内輪回転タイプの車輪用軸受50で構成される。車輪用軸受50は、ハブ輪51および内輪52からなる内方部材53と、外輪54と、複数のボール57と、図示外の保持器とを備えた複列アンギュラ玉軸受からなる。詳細な図示は省略しているが、車輪用軸受50の内部空間には、潤滑剤としてのグリースが充填されている。軸受内部空間への異物侵入および軸受外部へのグリース漏洩を防止するため、車輪用軸受50の軸方向両端部にはシール部材が設けられている。 As shown in FIG. 1, the wheel bearing portion C includes a so-called inner ring rotating type wheel bearing 50. The wheel bearing 50 is a double-row angular contact ball bearing including an inner member 53 including a hub wheel 51 and an inner ring 52, an outer ring 54, a plurality of balls 57, and a cage (not shown). Although detailed illustration is omitted, the internal space of the wheel bearing 50 is filled with grease as a lubricant. Sealing members are provided at both axial end portions of the wheel bearing 50 in order to prevent foreign matter from entering the bearing internal space and leaking grease to the outside of the bearing.

ハブ輪51は、スプライン嵌合によって出力歯車33の軸部33aと一体回転可能に連結されている。ハブ輪51のアウトボード側の端部外周にフランジ部51aが設けられ、このフランジ部51aに後輪14のブレーキディスクおよびホイールが取り付けられる。ハブ輪51のインボード側の端部には、内輪52を加締め固定してなる加締め部51bが形成されている。加締め部51bは、車輪用軸受50に対して予圧を付与する。 The hub wheel 51 is connected to the shaft portion 33a of the output gear 33 by spline fitting so as to be integrally rotatable. A flange portion 51a is provided on the outer periphery of the end portion of the hub wheel 51 on the outboard side, and the brake disc and the wheel of the rear wheel 14 are attached to the flange portion 51a. At the end portion of the hub wheel 51 on the inboard side, a crimp portion 51b formed by crimping and fixing the inner race 52 is formed. The caulking portion 51b applies a preload to the wheel bearing 50.

ハブ輪51の外周にアウトボード側の内側軌道面55が形成され、内輪52の外周にインボード側の内側軌道面55が形成されている。外輪54の内周には、両内側軌道面55,55に対応する複列の外側軌道面56が形成されており、対をなす内側軌道面55と外側軌道面56とで形成されるボールトラックに複数のボール57が組み込まれている。外輪54は、そのアウトボード側の端部から径方向外向きに延びるフランジ部を一体に有し、このフランジ部にボルト止めされたアタッチメント58を介してケーシング22にボルト止めされている。 An inner raceway surface 55 on the outboard side is formed on the outer circumference of the hub wheel 51, and an inner raceway surface 55 on the inboard side is formed on the outer circumference of the inner ring 52. On the inner circumference of the outer ring 54, double rows of outer raceway surfaces 56 corresponding to both inner raceway surfaces 55, 55 are formed, and a ball track formed by a pair of inner raceway surface 55 and outer raceway surface 56. A plurality of balls 57 are incorporated in the. The outer ring 54 integrally has a flange portion that extends outward in the radial direction from the end portion on the outboard side, and is bolted to the casing 22 via an attachment 58 bolted to this flange portion.

以上の構成を備えたインホイールモータ駆動装置21において、電動モータ部Aを構成するステータ23に交流電流が供給されると、これに伴って生じる電磁力によりロータ24およびモータ回転軸25が回転する。モータ回転軸25の回転は、減速機部B(平行軸歯車減速機30)によって減速された上で車輪用軸受50に伝達される。このため、低トルクで高速回転型の電動モータ26を採用した場合でも、駆動輪としての後輪14(図8参照)に必要なトルクを伝達することができる。 In the in-wheel motor drive device 21 having the above configuration, when an alternating current is supplied to the stator 23 that constitutes the electric motor section A, the rotor 24 and the motor rotating shaft 25 rotate due to the electromagnetic force generated with the alternating current. .. The rotation of the motor rotation shaft 25 is reduced by the reduction gear unit B (parallel shaft gear reduction gear 30) and then transmitted to the wheel bearing 50. Therefore, even when the low-torque, high-speed rotation type electric motor 26 is adopted, the required torque can be transmitted to the rear wheels 14 (see FIG. 8) as the driving wheels.

以上で説明したインホイールモータ駆動装置21において、ケーシング22の減速機収容室22Bには潤滑油70が充填されており(図2参照)、インホイールモータ駆動装置21の駆動時(特に、電動モータ26が電気自動車11を前進移動させる方向に回転駆動されている時)には、歯車31〜33の回転に伴って潤滑油70が減速機部Bの各部に供給されることによって減速機部Bが潤滑・冷却される。減速機収容室22Bに充填する潤滑油70としては、例えば、40℃における動粘度が、23〜38mm2/sの自動変速機油(ATF)、あるいは36〜60mm2/sのギヤ油を使用することができる。自動変速機油には、鉱物油を基油とするものや化学合成油を基油とするものが存在するが、変質(特性変化)が少ない化学合成油を基油とするものを好適に用い得る。 In the in-wheel motor drive device 21 described above, the reduction gear accommodating chamber 22B of the casing 22 is filled with the lubricating oil 70 (see FIG. 2), and the in-wheel motor drive device 21 is driven (especially, the electric motor). 26 is rotationally driven in a direction in which the electric vehicle 11 is moved forward), the lubricating oil 70 is supplied to each part of the speed reducer part B in accordance with the rotation of the gears 31 to 33. Are lubricated and cooled. As the lubricating oil 70 filled in the speed reducer housing chamber 22B, for example, an automatic transmission oil (ATF) having a kinematic viscosity at 40° C. of 23 to 38 mm 2 /s or a gear oil of 36 to 60 mm 2 /s is used. be able to. There are some automatic transmission oils that use mineral oil as a base oil and chemically synthetic oil as a base oil, but those that use a chemically synthetic oil with little deterioration (characteristic change) can be suitably used. ..

本実施形態のインホイールモータ駆動装置21は、減速機部Bを潤滑・冷却するための潤滑機構に主たる特徴があり、以下にその詳細を説明する。 The in-wheel motor drive device 21 of the present embodiment has a main feature of a lubrication mechanism for lubricating and cooling the speed reducer section B, which will be described in detail below.

軽量・コンパクトなインホイールモータ駆動装置21を実現する上では、減速機部Bの構成部品(歯車31〜33等)を密に配置すると共に、減速機室22Bが小型化されたケーシング22を採用し、平行軸歯車減速機30とケーシング22との間の隙間をできるだけ小さくすることが有効である。しかしながら、このような構成を採用すると、スペース上の制約から、オイルポンプやオイル配管等を必要とするような潤滑機構を減速機室22Bに設置することが困難である。そこで、本実施形態では、平行軸歯車減速機30を構成する歯車31〜33のうち、出力歯車33の歯車部37の一部を常時潤滑油に浸漬させた油浴状態とし、出力歯車33の回転に伴って掻き上げられる潤滑油を利用して減速機30の各部を潤滑・冷却するようにしている。 In order to realize the lightweight and compact in-wheel motor drive device 21, the components of the speed reducer section B (gears 31 to 33, etc.) are densely arranged, and the speed reducer chamber 22B has a downsized casing 22. However, it is effective to make the gap between the parallel shaft gear reducer 30 and the casing 22 as small as possible. However, if such a configuration is adopted, it is difficult to install a lubricating mechanism that requires an oil pump, an oil pipe, etc. in the speed reducer chamber 22B due to space restrictions. Therefore, in the present embodiment, among the gears 31 to 33 configuring the parallel shaft gear reducer 30, a part of the gear portion 37 of the output gear 33 is constantly immersed in lubricating oil to be in an oil bath state, and the output gear 33 Each part of the speed reducer 30 is lubricated/cooled by utilizing the lubricating oil that is scraped up by the rotation.

図2に示すように、ケーシング22の減速機室22Bには、所定量の潤滑油70(散点ハッチングで示す)、より具体的には、出力歯車33の歯車部37の周方向一部領域を常時油浴状態にし得る程度の潤滑油70が充填されている。従って、前述した各歯車31〜33の配置態様から、入力歯車31および中間歯車32は、減速機室22Bの底部に溜まった潤滑油70(出力歯車33の歯車部37の一部を常時油浴状態とする潤滑油70)とは接触しない。これにより、潤滑油70の撹拌抵抗の増大による平行軸歯車減速機30の効率低下を避けることができる。 As shown in FIG. 2, in the speed reducer chamber 22B of the casing 22, a predetermined amount of lubricating oil 70 (indicated by scattered dot hatching), more specifically, a partial circumferential region of the gear portion 37 of the output gear 33 is provided. The lubricating oil 70 is filled to the extent that it can be kept in an oil bath state at all times. Therefore, from the above-described arrangement of the gears 31 to 33, the input gear 31 and the intermediate gear 32 are configured such that the lubricating oil 70 (a part of the gear portion 37 of the output gear 33, which has accumulated in the bottom portion of the speed reducer chamber 22B, is constantly oil bathed. It does not come into contact with the lubricating oil 70) that is brought into the state. As a result, it is possible to avoid a decrease in the efficiency of the parallel shaft gear reducer 30 due to an increase in the stirring resistance of the lubricating oil 70.

前述したとおり、ケーシング22のコンパクト化を図る観点から、平行軸歯車減速機30とケーシング22との間の隙間はできるだけ小さく設定される。ここでは、出力歯車33の歯車部37の歯先(の周方向一部領域)が隙間幅3〜20mm程度の隙間60を介してケーシング22の内壁面と対向し、また、中間歯車32の大径歯車部35の歯先(の周方向一部領域)が上記と同程度の隙間幅を有する隙間を介してケーシング22の内壁面と対向している。 As described above, from the viewpoint of downsizing the casing 22, the gap between the parallel shaft gear reducer 30 and the casing 22 is set as small as possible. Here, the tooth tops (partial areas in the circumferential direction) of the gear portion 37 of the output gear 33 are opposed to the inner wall surface of the casing 22 via a gap 60 having a gap width of 3 to 20 mm, and the large size of the intermediate gear 32. The tooth tops (partial areas in the circumferential direction) of the radial gear portion 35 are opposed to the inner wall surface of the casing 22 with a gap having a gap width similar to the above.

図1の拡大図中にも示すように、中間歯車32の大径歯車部35と出力歯車33の歯車部37とは軸方向で近接配置されている。ここでは、大径歯車部35のアウトボード側の端面39(以下、単に「一端面39」ともいう)と歯車部37のインボード側の端面38とが、隙間幅20mm以下、好ましくは10mm以下に設定された軸方向隙間61を介して対向している。 As shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 1, the large-diameter gear portion 35 of the intermediate gear 32 and the gear portion 37 of the output gear 33 are arranged close to each other in the axial direction. Here, the end surface 39 of the large-diameter gear portion 35 on the outboard side (hereinafter, also simply referred to as “one end surface 39”) and the end surface 38 of the gear portion 37 on the inboard side have a gap width of 20 mm or less, preferably 10 mm or less. Are opposed to each other through the axial gap 61 set to.

詳細は後述するが、本実施形態の平行軸歯車減速機30においては、大径歯車部35の一端面39に付着した後、大径歯車部35(中間歯車32)の回転に伴って作用する遠心力の影響を受けて径方向外側に移動する潤滑油70を利用することにより、入力歯車31(の歯車部34)と中間歯車32(の大径歯車部35)との噛み合い部が潤滑される。そのため、大径歯車部35の一端面39は、この一端面39に付着した潤滑油70を径方向外側に向けて円滑に移動させ得る形状に形成される。本実施形態では、図1に示すように、上記一端面39が凹凸のない平滑な平坦面に形成される。 Although the details will be described later, in the parallel shaft gear reducer 30 of the present embodiment, after adhering to the one end surface 39 of the large diameter gear portion 35, it acts with the rotation of the large diameter gear portion 35 (intermediate gear 32). By using the lubricating oil 70 that moves radially outward under the influence of the centrifugal force, the meshing portion between the input gear 31 (the gear portion 34 thereof) and the intermediate gear 32 (the large diameter gear portion 35 thereof) is lubricated. It Therefore, the one end surface 39 of the large-diameter gear portion 35 is formed in a shape that allows the lubricating oil 70 attached to the one end surface 39 to be smoothly moved outward in the radial direction. In the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the one end surface 39 is formed as a smooth flat surface without unevenness.

大径歯車部35の一端面39は、必ずしも平滑な平坦面に形成する必要はない。すなわち、大径歯車部35の一端面39は、例えば、図3(a)〜(d)に模式的に示すような形状に形成することも可能である。図3(a)は、大径歯車部35の一端面39を、径方向に沿う平坦面からなり、出力歯車33の歯車部37のインボード側の端面38に対して相対的に離間した位置に配置される内径側端面39aと、径方向に沿う平坦面からなり、上記端面38に対して相対的に近接配置される外径側端面39bと、両端面39a,39bを接続するテーパ面39cとで構成したものである。また、図3(b)は、上記の内径側端面39aと外径側端面39bとの間に微小な段差(例えば、高低差1mm以下の段差)39dを設けたものである。また、図3(c)は、図3(a)とは逆に、内径側端面39aを上記端面38に対して相対的に近接配置すると共に、外径側端面39bを上記端面に対して相対的に離間した位置に配置したものである。また、図3(d)は、図3(a)に示す構成において、大径歯車部35の一端面39の径方向略中央部(内径側端面39aとテーパ面39cとの間)に凹部39eを追加したものである。 The one end surface 39 of the large-diameter gear portion 35 does not necessarily have to be formed as a smooth flat surface. That is, the one end surface 39 of the large-diameter gear portion 35 can be formed in a shape as schematically shown in FIGS. 3(a) to 3(d), for example. FIG. 3A shows a position where one end surface 39 of the large-diameter gear portion 35 is a flat surface along the radial direction and is relatively separated from the end surface 38 on the inboard side of the gear portion 37 of the output gear 33. And an outer diameter side end surface 39b which is formed of a flat surface along the radial direction and which is arranged relatively close to the end surface 38, and a tapered surface 39c which connects both end surfaces 39a, 39b. It is composed of and. 3B, a minute step (for example, a step having a height difference of 1 mm or less) 39d is provided between the inner diameter side end surface 39a and the outer diameter side end surface 39b. 3C, contrary to FIG. 3A, the inner diameter side end surface 39a is arranged relatively close to the end surface 38, and the outer diameter side end surface 39b is relative to the end surface. Are arranged at positions that are separated from each other. 3D, in the configuration shown in FIG. 3A, a concave portion 39e is formed at a substantially central portion in the radial direction of the one end surface 39 of the large diameter gear portion 35 (between the inner diameter side end surface 39a and the tapered surface 39c). Is added.

図2に示すように、大径歯車部35の歯先円C2の径方向外側には、出力歯車33の回転に伴って掻き上げられた潤滑油70の一部を受け止めて大径歯車部35の歯先との間に大径歯車部35の周方向に延びた円弧状の潤滑油溜り62を形成可能な潤滑油溜り形成部63が設けられている。図示は省略するが、効果的に潤滑油を受け止めるために潤滑油溜り形成部63の軸方向位置は、一端面39と重なることが望ましい。本実施形態では、ケーシング22に、減速機室22Bの室内側に突出した凸部を一体的に設け、この凸部で潤滑油溜り形成部63を構成している。この潤滑油溜り形成部63は、中間歯車32の回転中心軸O2よりも鉛直方向下方側に設けられている。出力歯車33の回転に伴って掻き上げられた後、重力や遠心力の影響を受けて移動する潤滑油70を適切に受け止め、潤沢な潤滑油70を有する潤滑油溜り62を形成するためである。また、潤滑油溜り形成部63は、中間歯車32の回転中心軸O2よりも車両前方側(図2においては紙面左側)に設られている。 As shown in FIG. 2, a part of the lubricating oil 70 scraped up by the rotation of the output gear 33 is received on the outer side in the radial direction of the addendum circle C 2 of the large diameter gear part 35 to receive the large diameter gear part. A lubricating oil sump forming portion 63 capable of forming an arc-shaped lubricating oil sump 62 extending in the circumferential direction of the large-diameter gear portion 35 is provided between the tooth tip of the gear 35 and the tooth tip 35. Although illustration is omitted, in order to effectively receive the lubricating oil, it is desirable that the axial position of the lubricating oil sump forming portion 63 overlaps the one end surface 39. In the present embodiment, the casing 22 is integrally provided with a convex portion that protrudes toward the inside of the speed reducer chamber 22B, and the convex portion constitutes the lubricating oil sump forming portion 63. The lubricating oil sump forming portion 63 is provided vertically below the rotation center axis O2 of the intermediate gear 32. This is to properly receive the lubricating oil 70 that is moved under the influence of gravity and centrifugal force after being scraped up by the rotation of the output gear 33, and to form the lubricating oil sump 62 having the sufficient lubricating oil 70. .. Further, the lubricating oil sump forming portion 63 is provided on the vehicle front side (the left side of the drawing in FIG. 2) with respect to the rotation center axis O2 of the intermediate gear 32.

また、本実施形態では、大径歯車部35の歯先円C2のうち潤滑油溜り62を構成する潤滑油70との接触部Cpにおける接線Tと、大径歯車部35と噛み合う入力歯車31の歯車部34の歯先円C1とが、大径歯車部35(中間歯車32)が電気自動車11(図8を参照)を前進移動させる方向に回転している時(図2中の黒塗り矢印参照)の大径歯車部35の回転方向前方側で交差するように、入力歯車31が配置されている。 Further, in the present embodiment, the tangent line T at the contact portion Cp of the tip circle C 2 of the large diameter gear portion 35 with the lubricating oil 70 forming the lubricating oil sump 62 and the input gear 31 meshing with the large diameter gear portion 35. black and addendum circle C 1 of the gear unit 34, when the large-diameter gear portion 35 (intermediate gear 32) is rotating in a direction to move forward the electric vehicle 11 (see FIG. 8) (in FIG. 2 The input gear 31 is arranged so as to intersect with the large-diameter gear portion 35 (see the painted arrow) on the front side in the rotation direction.

以上の構成により、電動モータ部Aが電気自動車11を前進移動させる方向に回転駆動された時には、減速機部Bが以下のようにして潤滑・冷却される。 With the above configuration, when the electric motor unit A is rotationally driven in the direction of moving the electric vehicle 11 forward, the speed reducer unit B is lubricated and cooled as follows.

図2に示すように、モータ回転軸25の出力を受けて入力歯車31、中間歯車32および出力歯車33が回転し(各歯車31〜33の回転方向は、図2中の黒塗り矢印を参照)、出力歯車33の回転に伴って減速機室22Bの底部に貯留された潤滑油70が出力歯車33の歯車部37とケーシング22との間の隙間60に沿って掻き上げられると(図2中の白抜き矢印を参照)、最終噛み合い部Mpに潤滑油70が供給されて、最終噛み合い部Mpが潤滑・冷却される。図1に示すように、最終噛み合い部Mpのアウトボード側には、中間歯車32を支持する転がり軸受45が近接配置されていることから、出力歯車33の回転に伴って掻き上げられた潤滑油70は転がり軸受45にも供給される。 As shown in FIG. 2, the input gear 31, the intermediate gear 32, and the output gear 33 are rotated by receiving the output of the motor rotation shaft 25 (see the solid arrow in FIG. 2 for the rotation directions of the gears 31 to 33). ), as the output gear 33 rotates, the lubricating oil 70 stored at the bottom of the reduction gear chamber 22B is scraped up along the gap 60 between the gear portion 37 of the output gear 33 and the casing 22 (FIG. 2). Lubricating oil 70 is supplied to the final meshing portion Mp, and the final meshing portion Mp is lubricated and cooled. As shown in FIG. 1, on the outboard side of the final meshing portion Mp, since the rolling bearing 45 that supports the intermediate gear 32 is disposed closely, the lubricating oil scraped up as the output gear 33 rotates. 70 is also supplied to the rolling bearing 45.

また、出力歯車33の歯車部37のインボード側には、微小な軸方向隙間61を介して中間歯車32の大径歯車部35が近接配置されていることから、出力歯車33の回転に伴って潤滑油70が掻き上げられると、この潤滑油70(の一部)は大径歯車部35の一端面39に付着する。大径歯車部35の一端面39に付着した潤滑油70は、大径歯車部35の回転に伴って作用する遠心力等の影響により上記一端面39に沿って径方向外側に移動し、その一部が大径歯車部35と入力歯車31の歯車部34との噛み合い部に供給される。また、本実施形態では、大径歯車部35の歯先円C2の径方向外側に、大径歯車部35の歯先との間に円弧状の潤滑油溜り62を形成する潤滑油溜り形成部63が設けられていることから、大径歯車部35の一端面39に付着した潤滑油70が径方向外側に移動すると、大径歯車部35の歯先円C2と潤滑油溜り形成部63との間に円弧状の潤滑油溜り62が形成される。潤滑油溜り62を構成する潤滑油70(の一部)は大径歯車部35の回転に伴って掻き取られて大径歯車部35の回転方向前方側に飛散し、入力歯車34の歯車部34に供給される。 In addition, since the large-diameter gear portion 35 of the intermediate gear 32 is disposed in proximity to the inboard side of the gear portion 37 of the output gear 33 with a small axial gap 61, the output gear 33 rotates with the rotation of the output gear 33. When the lubricating oil 70 is scraped up by this, the lubricating oil 70 (a part thereof) adheres to the one end face 39 of the large-diameter gear portion 35. The lubricating oil 70 adhering to the one end surface 39 of the large diameter gear portion 35 moves radially outward along the one end surface 39 due to the influence of the centrifugal force or the like acting along with the rotation of the large diameter gear portion 35. A part is supplied to the meshing portion between the large-diameter gear portion 35 and the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31. Further, in the present embodiment, a lubricating oil sump formation is formed on the outer side in the radial direction of the tooth tip circle C 2 of the large diameter gear section 35 so as to form a circular arc-shaped lubricating oil sump 62 between the tooth tip of the large diameter gear section 35. Since the portion 63 is provided, when the lubricating oil 70 attached to the one end surface 39 of the large diameter gear portion 35 moves radially outward, the tip circle C2 of the large diameter gear portion 35 and the lubricating oil sump forming portion 63 are formed. An arc-shaped lubricating oil sump 62 is formed between and. The lubricating oil 70 (a part of the lubricating oil) forming the lubricating oil sump 62 is scraped off as the large diameter gear portion 35 rotates, and is scattered to the front side in the rotation direction of the large diameter gear portion 35, so that the gear portion of the input gear 34. 34.

特に本実施形態では、大径歯車部35の歯先円C2のうち潤滑油溜り62を構成する潤滑油70との接触部Cpにおける接線Tと、入力歯車31の歯車部34の歯先円C1とが、大径歯車部35が電気自動車11を前進移動させる方向に回転している時の大径歯車部35の回転方向前方側で交差している。このため、潤滑油溜り62を構成する潤滑油70を入力歯車31の歯車部34に効率良く供給する(跳ね掛ける)ことができる。 Particularly, in the present embodiment, the tangent line T of the tip circle C 2 of the large-diameter gear portion 35 at the contact portion Cp with the lubricating oil 70 forming the lubricating oil sump 62 and the tip circle of the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31. C 1 intersects with the large-diameter gear portion 35 on the front side in the rotation direction of the large-diameter gear portion 35 when the large-diameter gear portion 35 is rotating in the direction in which the electric vehicle 11 is moved forward. Therefore, the lubricating oil 70 forming the lubricating oil sump 62 can be efficiently supplied (splashed) to the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31.

以上のことから、入力歯車31(の歯車部34)と中間歯車32(の大径歯車部35)との噛み合い部に多くの潤滑油70を供給することができる。そのため、減速機部Bにオイルポンプやオイル配管を設置する、などといった対策を講じずとも、平行軸歯車減速機30を構成する全ての歯車同士の噛み合い部を効率良く潤滑・冷却することができる。 From the above, a large amount of lubricating oil 70 can be supplied to the meshing portion between (the gear portion 34 of) the input gear 31 and (the large diameter gear portion 35 of the intermediate gear 32). Therefore, without taking measures such as installing an oil pump or oil pipe in the reduction gear unit B, it is possible to efficiently lubricate and cool the meshing portions of all the gears forming the parallel shaft gear reduction gear 30. ..

また、入力歯車31の歯車部34に供給された潤滑油70は、入力歯車31の回転によって入力歯車31付近のケーシング内壁に付着して流れ落ち、転がり軸受42,43を潤滑・冷却する。さらに、中間歯車32の軸部32aを支持するインボード側の転がり軸受44や、出力歯車33の軸部33aを支持する転がり軸受46,47は、主に、ケーシング22の内壁面に付着した後、重力の影響を受けてケーシング22の内壁面を伝い落ちてくる潤滑油70によって潤滑・冷却される。従って、減速機部Bに設けられる転がり軸受42〜47も効率良く潤滑・冷却することができる。 Further, the lubricating oil 70 supplied to the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31 adheres to the inner wall of the casing near the input gear 31 and flows down due to the rotation of the input gear 31, and lubricates and cools the rolling bearings 42 and 43. Further, the rolling bearings 44 on the inboard side that support the shaft portion 32a of the intermediate gear 32 and the rolling bearings 46 and 47 that support the shaft portion 33a of the output gear 33 are mainly attached to the inner wall surface of the casing 22 after they are attached. Is lubricated and cooled by the lubricating oil 70, which is influenced by gravity and flows down the inner wall surface of the casing 22. Therefore, the rolling bearings 42 to 47 provided in the reduction gear unit B can also be efficiently lubricated and cooled.

以上、本発明の一実施形態に係るインホイールモータ駆動装置21について説明したが、本発明の実施の形態はこれに限られない。 The in-wheel motor drive device 21 according to the embodiment of the present invention has been described above, but the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this.

例えば、以上では、中間歯車32の大径歯車部35の歯幅と、大径歯車部35と噛み合う入力歯車31の歯車部34の歯幅とを同寸としたが(図1参照)、図4(a)に模式的に示すように、入力歯車31の歯車部34の歯幅を大径歯車部35の歯幅よりも大きくしても良い。より具体的には、入力歯車31の歯車部34の歯幅を大径歯車部35の歯幅よりも大きくし、かつ、歯車部34のうち、少なくともアウトボード側の一部領域を大径歯車部35のアウトボード側の端部よりもアウトボード側に突出させるのが良い。これにより、大径歯車部35の一端面39に付着し、大径歯車部35の回転に伴って作用する遠心力の影響を受けて径方向外側に移動する潤滑油70や、大径歯車部35の回転に伴って跳ね上げられる潤滑油溜り62の潤滑油70を入力歯車31の歯車部34に供給し易くなる。 For example, in the above, the tooth width of the large-diameter gear portion 35 of the intermediate gear 32 and the tooth width of the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31 that meshes with the large-diameter gear portion 35 are the same size (see FIG. 1). 4A, the tooth width of the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31 may be larger than the tooth width of the large diameter gear portion 35. More specifically, the tooth width of the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31 is made larger than the tooth width of the large diameter gear portion 35, and at least a part of the gear portion 34 on the outboard side is a large diameter gear. It is preferable to project the portion 35 toward the outboard side rather than the end portion on the outboard side. As a result, the lubricating oil 70 that adheres to the one end surface 39 of the large-diameter gear portion 35 and moves radially outward under the influence of the centrifugal force acting as the large-diameter gear portion 35 rotates, and the large-diameter gear portion 35 It becomes easy to supply the lubricating oil 70 of the lubricating oil sump 62 that is sprung up with the rotation of 35 to the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31.

ここで、図3(a)や図3(d)に示すように大径歯車部35の一端面39にテーパ面39cを設けた場合、入力歯車31の歯車部34に対する潤滑油70の供給効率を高める上では、上記のように、入力歯車31の歯車部34の歯幅を大径歯車部35の歯幅よりも大きくし、かつ、歯車部34のうち、少なくともアウトボード側の一部領域を大径歯車部35のアウトボード側の端部よりもアウトボード側に突出させるのが好ましい。大径歯車部35の一端面39にテーパ面39cが設けられている場合、一端面39に付着し、遠心力の影響を受けて一端面39に沿って径方向外側に移動する潤滑油70は、主にテーパ面39cの延長線上に飛散するからである。従って、特に大径歯車部35の一端面39にテーパ面39cを設ける場合には、図4(b)に示すパラメータ(x、R、r、θ)の値を以下の関係式が成立するように設定する。
x>tanθ(R−r)
なお、x:入力歯車31の歯車部34のアウトボード側への突出量、R:大径歯車部35の歯先円直径、r:テーパ面39cの外径端部の直径、θ:径方向に対するテーパ面39cの傾斜角、である。
Here, when the tapered surface 39c is provided on the one end surface 39 of the large-diameter gear portion 35 as shown in FIGS. 3A and 3D, the supply efficiency of the lubricating oil 70 to the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31 is increased. As described above, in order to increase the gear ratio, the tooth width of the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31 is made larger than the tooth width of the large-diameter gear portion 35, and at least a partial region of the gear portion 34 on the outboard side. Is preferably projected to the outboard side more than the end portion of the large diameter gear portion 35 on the outboard side. When the tapered surface 39c is provided on the one end surface 39 of the large-diameter gear portion 35, the lubricating oil 70 that adheres to the one end surface 39 and moves radially outward along the one end surface 39 under the influence of the centrifugal force. This is because the particles mainly scatter on the extension line of the tapered surface 39c. Therefore, particularly when the tapered surface 39c is provided on the one end surface 39 of the large-diameter gear portion 35, the values of the parameters (x, R, r, θ) shown in FIG. Set to.
x>tan θ (R−r)
Where x is the amount of protrusion of the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31 to the outboard side, R is the diameter of the tip circle of the large diameter gear portion 35, r is the diameter of the outer diameter end of the tapered surface 39c, and θ is the radial direction. Is an inclination angle of the tapered surface 39c with respect to.

図5に、本発明の他の実施形態に係る平行軸歯車減速機30の横断面図を模式的に示す。同図に示す実施形態は、主に、(1)入力歯車31および潤滑油溜り形成部63の配置態様、および(2)ケーシング22の形状、が図2に示す実施形態と異なる。 FIG. 5 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a parallel shaft gear reducer 30 according to another embodiment of the present invention. The embodiment shown in the figure is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 mainly in (1) the arrangement mode of the input gear 31 and the lubricating oil sump forming portion 63, and (2) the shape of the casing 22.

上記(1)の相違点について詳細に説明すると、この実施形態では、入力歯車31の回転中心軸O1を、中間歯車32の回転中心軸O2と出力歯車33の回転中心軸O3との間に配置すると共に、潤滑油溜り形成部63(潤滑油溜り62)を中間歯車32の回転中心軸O2の直下位置に配置している。これにより、この実施形態でも、上記接線Tと、入力歯車31の歯車部34の歯先円C1とが、大径歯車部35が電気自動車11を前進移動させる方向に回転している時の大径歯車部35の回転方向前方側で交差している。このため、潤滑油溜り62を構成する潤滑油70を入力歯車31の歯車部34に跳ね掛けることができる。 Explaining the difference in (1) in detail, in this embodiment, the rotation center axis O1 of the input gear 31 is arranged between the rotation center axis O2 of the intermediate gear 32 and the rotation center axis O3 of the output gear 33. In addition, the lubricating oil sump forming portion 63 (the lubricating oil sump 62) is arranged at a position directly below the rotation center axis O2 of the intermediate gear 32. As a result, also in this embodiment, when the tangent line T and the addendum circle C 1 of the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31 rotate in the direction in which the large diameter gear portion 35 moves the electric vehicle 11 forward. The large-diameter gear portion 35 intersects on the front side in the rotation direction. Therefore, the lubricating oil 70 forming the lubricating oil sump 62 can be splashed on the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31.

次に、上記(2)について詳細に説明すると、この実施形態では、ケーシング22の一部を減速機収容室22Bの室内側に向けて膨出させることにより、出力歯車33の回転に伴って掻き上げられる潤滑油70を最終噛み合い部Mp手前に誘導する誘導部64を形成している。これにより、最終噛み合い部Mpに対する潤滑油70の供給量を増すことができるので、最終噛み合い部Mpにおける潤滑・冷却効率を高めることができる。 Next, the above (2) will be described in detail. In this embodiment, a part of the casing 22 is bulged toward the inside of the speed reducer accommodating chamber 22B so that the scraping occurs as the output gear 33 rotates. A guide portion 64 for guiding the raised lubricating oil 70 to the front of the final meshing portion Mp is formed. As a result, the supply amount of the lubricating oil 70 to the final meshing portion Mp can be increased, so that the lubrication/cooling efficiency in the final meshing portion Mp can be improved.

図6に、本発明の他の実施形態に係る平行軸歯車減速機30の横断面図を模式的に示す。この実施形態は、図5に示す実施形態の変形例であり、上記の誘導部64を延長し、誘導部64の終端部を中間歯車32の最大歯先円(大径歯車部35の歯先円)C2の範囲内に位置させた点において、図5に示す実施形態と構成を異にする。本実施形態の構成を採用すれば、出力歯車33の回転に伴って掻き上げられた潤滑油70を、出力歯車33、中間歯車32および誘導部64の協働によって最終噛み合い部Mpの手前に溜めることが可能となる。要するに、最終噛み合い部Mpの手前に潤滑油溜りを形成することができる。従って、平行軸歯車減速機30の駆動中、最終噛み合い部Mpに対して常時潤沢な潤滑油70を供給することができる。 FIG. 6 schematically shows a cross-sectional view of a parallel shaft gear reducer 30 according to another embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is a modification of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, in which the guide portion 64 is extended, and the end portion of the guide portion 64 is the maximum tip circle of the intermediate gear 32 (the tip of the large diameter gear portion 35). The configuration is different from that of the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 in that it is located within the range of circle) C 2 . If the configuration of the present embodiment is adopted, the lubricating oil 70 scraped up by the rotation of the output gear 33 is collected in front of the final meshing portion Mp by the cooperation of the output gear 33, the intermediate gear 32, and the guiding portion 64. It becomes possible. In short, the lubricating oil sump can be formed before the final meshing portion Mp. Therefore, while the parallel shaft gear reducer 30 is being driven, a sufficient amount of lubricating oil 70 can be constantly supplied to the final meshing portion Mp.

なお、各歯車31〜33の回転中、最終噛み合い部Mpに供給された潤滑油70は、主に、最終噛み合い部Mpの接線(図示せず)に沿って両歯車33,32の回転方向前方側に飛散する。そのため、図5および図6に示す実施形態においては、最終噛み合い部Mpを潤滑した潤滑油70を入力歯車31に供給することもできる。 During the rotation of the gears 31 to 33, the lubricating oil 70 supplied to the final meshing portion Mp mainly moves forward along the tangent line (not shown) of the final meshing portion Mp in the rotation direction of the gears 33 and 32. Scatter to the side. Therefore, in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the lubricating oil 70 that lubricates the final meshing portion Mp can be supplied to the input gear 31.

図5および図6に示す実施形態では、ケーシング22に誘導部64を一体的に設けたが、誘導部64はケーシング22以外の部品で構成することも可能である。ケーシング22以外の部品としては、例えば、ボルト等の締結部材、あるいは油温計などを挙げることができる。 In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the casing 22 is integrally provided with the guide portion 64, but the guide portion 64 may be formed of a component other than the casing 22. Examples of parts other than the casing 22 may include a fastening member such as a bolt or an oil thermometer.

また、以上で説明した実施形態では、潤滑油溜り形成部63をケーシング22に一体的に設けたが、潤滑油溜り形成部63は、例えば、出力歯車33の軸部33aや、ケーシング22と他部材とを締結するために使用されるボルト等の締結部材で構成することも可能である(図示省略)。 Further, in the embodiment described above, the lubricating oil sump forming portion 63 is provided integrally with the casing 22, but the lubricating oil sump forming portion 63 may be, for example, the shaft portion 33a of the output gear 33, the casing 22 and other parts. It is also possible to use a fastening member such as a bolt used to fasten the member (not shown).

また、以上では、モータ回転軸25の回転を二段階で減速して車輪用軸受部Cに伝達する三軸タイプの平行軸歯車減速機30に本発明を適用したが、本発明は、図7(a)(b)に模式的に示すように、入力歯車31と出力歯車33との間に第1中間歯車32Aおよび第2中間歯車32Bが設けられ、かつ入力歯車31の回転中心軸O1、第1中間歯車32Aの回転中心軸O21、第2中間歯車32Bの回転中心軸O22および出力歯車33の回転中心軸O3が平行に配置された、いわゆる四軸タイプの平行軸歯車減速機30に適用することも可能である。 Further, in the above, the present invention is applied to the parallel shaft gear reducer 30 of the three-axis type that decelerates the rotation of the motor rotating shaft 25 in two steps and transmits it to the wheel bearing portion C. As schematically shown in (a) and (b), a first intermediate gear 32A and a second intermediate gear 32B are provided between the input gear 31 and the output gear 33, and the rotation center axis O1 of the input gear 31 is Applied to a so-called four-axis type parallel shaft gear reducer 30 in which the rotation center axis O21 of the first intermediate gear 32A, the rotation center axis O22 of the second intermediate gear 32B and the rotation center axis O3 of the output gear 33 are arranged in parallel. It is also possible to do so.

第1中間歯車32Aは、軸方向に離間して設けられた小径歯車部35Aおよび大径歯車部36Aを有し、第2中間歯車32Bは、軸方向に離間して設けられた小径歯車部35Bおよび大径歯車部36Bを有する。そして、第1中間歯車32Aの大径歯車部35Aが入力歯車31の歯車部34と噛み合い、第1中間歯車32Aの小径歯車部36Aが第2中間歯車32Bの大径歯車部35Bと噛み合い、第2中間歯車32Bの小径歯車部36Bが出力歯車33の歯車部37と噛み合っている。このため、この実施形態の平行軸歯車減速機30は、モータ回転軸25の回転を三段階で減速した上で車輪用軸受部Cに伝達する。 The first intermediate gear 32A has a small diameter gear portion 35A and a large diameter gear portion 36A that are spaced apart in the axial direction, and the second intermediate gear 32B has a small diameter gear portion 35B that is spaced apart in the axial direction. And a large-diameter gear portion 36B. Then, the large diameter gear portion 35A of the first intermediate gear 32A meshes with the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31, the small diameter gear portion 36A of the first intermediate gear 32A meshes with the large diameter gear portion 35B of the second intermediate gear 32B, and The small diameter gear portion 36B of the second intermediate gear 32B meshes with the gear portion 37 of the output gear 33. Therefore, in the parallel shaft gear reducer 30 of this embodiment, the rotation of the motor rotary shaft 25 is decelerated in three stages and then transmitted to the wheel bearing portion C.

この実施形態では、図7(b)に示すように、第1中間歯車32Aの大径歯車部35Aが出力歯車33の歯車部37と軸方向で近接配置されており、大径歯車部35Aの歯先円C2の径方向外側に潤滑油溜り形成部63が配置されている。そのため、電気自動車11を前進移動させる方向に各歯車31,32A,32B,33が回転し(各歯車の回転方向は図7(a)中の黒塗り矢印を参照)、出力歯車33の回転に伴って潤滑油70が掻き上げられると、この潤滑油70は、出力歯車33の第2中間歯車32Bとの噛み合い部(最終噛み合い部Mp)に供給される他、出力歯車33の歯車部37と軸方向に対向する大径歯車部35Aの一端面39に付着する。 In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 7B, the large-diameter gear portion 35A of the first intermediate gear 32A is arranged axially close to the gear portion 37 of the output gear 33, and the large-diameter gear portion 35A A lubricating oil sump forming portion 63 is arranged radially outside the addendum circle C 2 . Therefore, the gears 31, 32A, 32B, 33 rotate in the direction in which the electric vehicle 11 moves forward (see the black arrow in FIG. 7A for the rotation direction of each gear), and the output gear 33 rotates. When the lubricating oil 70 is scraped up along with it, the lubricating oil 70 is supplied to the meshing portion (final meshing portion Mp) of the output gear 33 with the second intermediate gear 32B, and also with the gear portion 37 of the output gear 33. It adheres to the one end surface 39 of the large-diameter gear portion 35A that faces in the axial direction.

大径歯車部35Aの一端面39に付着した潤滑油70は、第1中間歯車32Aの回転に伴って作用する遠心力等の影響を受けて径方向外側に移動し、その一部が大径歯車部35Aと入力歯車31の歯車部34との噛み合い部に供給される。また、大径歯車部35Aの一端面39に付着した潤滑油70が径方向外側に移動すると、大径歯車部35Aの歯先円C2と潤滑油溜り形成部63との間に円弧状の潤滑油溜り62が形成される。潤滑油溜り62を構成する潤滑油70(の一部)は大径歯車部35Aの回転に伴って掻き取られて大径歯車部35Aの回転方向前方側に飛散し、入力歯車31の歯車部34に供給される。特に、大径歯車部35Aの歯先円C2のうち潤滑油溜り62を構成する潤滑油70との接触部Cpにおける接線Tと、入力歯車31の歯車部34の歯先円C1とが、大径歯車部35が電気自動車11を前進移動させる方向に回転している時の大径歯車部35の回転方向前方側で交差していることから、潤滑油溜り62を構成する潤滑油70を入力歯車31の歯車部34に効率良く供給することができる。 The lubricating oil 70 adhering to the one end surface 39 of the large diameter gear portion 35A moves to the outside in the radial direction under the influence of the centrifugal force or the like acting along with the rotation of the first intermediate gear 32A, and a part thereof has a large diameter. It is supplied to the meshing portion between the gear portion 35A and the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31. Further, when the lubricating oil 70 attached to the one end face 39 of the large diameter gear portion 35A moves radially outward, an arc-shaped arc is formed between the tip circle C 2 of the large diameter gear portion 35A and the lubricating oil sump forming portion 63. A lubricating oil sump 62 is formed. The lubricating oil 70 (a part of the lubricating oil) forming the lubricating oil sump 62 is scraped off as the large diameter gear portion 35A rotates, and is scattered to the front side in the rotation direction of the large diameter gear portion 35A. 34. In particular, of the tip circle C 2 of the large-diameter gear portion 35A, the tangent line T at the contact portion Cp with the lubricating oil 70 that forms the lubricating oil sump 62 and the tip circle C 1 of the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31 are Since the large-diameter gear portion 35 intersects on the front side in the rotation direction of the large-diameter gear portion 35 when rotating in the direction of moving the electric vehicle 11 forward, the lubricating oil 70 forming the lubricating oil sump 62 is formed. Can be efficiently supplied to the gear portion 34 of the input gear 31.

以上のことから、本実施形態では、入力歯車31と第2中間歯車32Bとの噛み合い部(最終噛み合い部Mp)の他、入力歯車31と第1中間歯車32Aとの噛み合い部を効率良く潤滑・冷却することができる。 From the above, in the present embodiment, in addition to the meshing portion (final meshing portion Mp) between the input gear 31 and the second intermediate gear 32B, the meshing portion between the input gear 31 and the first intermediate gear 32A is efficiently lubricated/ Can be cooled.

図示は省略するが、本発明は、入力歯車31と出力歯車33との間に3つ以上の中間歯車が配置された平行軸歯車減速機30で減速機部Bが構成される車両駆動装置21にも適用することが可能である。 Although illustration is omitted, in the present invention, the vehicle drive device 21 in which the speed reducer section B is configured by the parallel shaft gear speed reducer 30 in which three or more intermediate gears are arranged between the input gear 31 and the output gear 33. Can also be applied to.

以上では、ケーシング22に収容された電動モータ部Aおよび減速機部Bと、ケーシング22に取り付けられた車輪用軸受部Cとを備えたインホイールモータ駆動装置21に本発明を適用したが、本発明は、インホイールモータ駆動装置21以外の車両駆動装置、例えば、電動モータ部Aおよび減速機部Bを収容したケーシングが車体に取り付けられ、減速機部Bの出力がドライブシャフトを介して車輪(車輪用軸受)に伝達される、いわゆるオンボードタイプの車両駆動装置にも適用することができる。 In the above, the present invention is applied to the in-wheel motor drive device 21 including the electric motor portion A and the reduction gear portion B housed in the casing 22, and the wheel bearing portion C attached to the casing 22, but the present invention is not limited to this. According to the invention, a vehicle drive device other than the in-wheel motor drive device 21, for example, a casing accommodating the electric motor unit A and the speed reducer unit B is attached to the vehicle body, and the output of the speed reducer unit B is transmitted through the drive shaft to the wheels ( It can also be applied to a so-called on-board type vehicle drive device that is transmitted to a wheel bearing).

本発明は前述した実施形態に何ら限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲内において、さらに種々なる形態で実施し得る。すなわち、本発明の範囲は、特許請求の範囲によって示され、さらに特許請求の範囲に記載の均等の意味、および範囲内のすべての変更を含む。 The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and can be carried out in various forms without departing from the gist of the present invention. That is, the scope of the present invention is defined by the claims, and includes equivalent meanings in the claims and all modifications within the scope.

21 インホイールモータ駆動装置
22 ケーシング
26 電動モータ
30 平行軸歯車減速機
31 入力歯車
32 中間歯車
33 出力歯車
34 歯車部
35 大径歯車部
36 小径歯車部
37 歯車部
39 一端面
50 車輪用軸受
62 潤滑油溜り
63 潤滑油溜り形成部
70 潤滑油
A 電動モータ部
B 減速機部
C 車輪用軸受部
1 入力歯車の歯先円
2 大径歯車部の歯先円
Cp 接触部
Mp 最終噛み合い部
O1 回転中心軸
O2 回転中心軸
O3 回転中心軸
T 接線
21 in-wheel motor drive device 22 casing 26 electric motor 30 parallel shaft gear reducer 31 input gear 32 intermediate gear 33 output gear 34 gear part 35 large diameter gear part 36 small diameter gear part 37 gear part 39 one end face 50 wheel bearing 62 lubrication Oil sump 63 Lubricating oil sump forming portion 70 Lubricating oil A Electric motor portion B Reduction gear portion C Wheel bearing portion C 1 Tip circle of input gear C 2 Tip circle of large gear portion Cp Contact portion Mp Final meshing portion O1 Rotation center axis O2 Rotation center axis O3 Rotation center axis T Tangent line

Claims (8)

電動モータ部と、減速機部と、前記電動モータ部および前記減速機部を収容したケーシングとを備え、前記減速機部が、回転中心軸が互いに平行に配置された入力歯車、中間歯車および出力歯車を有し、前記電動モータ部の回転を二段以上で減速して前記車輪用軸受部に伝達する平行軸歯車減速機で構成された車両駆動装置において、
前記ケーシング内に、前記出力歯車の歯車部の一部を油浴状態とする潤滑油が充填され、
前記中間歯車が、前記出力歯車の歯車部と軸方向に近接配置された大径歯車部を有し、
前記大径歯車部の歯先円の径方向外側に、前記出力歯車の回転に伴って掻き上げられた前記潤滑油の一部を受け止めて前記大径歯車部の歯先との間に潤滑油溜りを形成する潤滑油溜り形成部が設けられていることを特徴とする車両駆動装置。
An electric motor unit, a speed reducer unit, and a casing accommodating the electric motor unit and the speed reducer unit, wherein the speed reducer unit has an input gear, an intermediate gear, and an output whose rotation center axes are arranged in parallel with each other. A vehicle drive device including a parallel shaft gear reducer that has a gear and reduces the rotation of the electric motor unit in two or more stages and transmits the rotation to the wheel bearing unit,
The casing is filled with a lubricating oil that places a part of the gear portion of the output gear in an oil bath state,
The intermediate gear has a gear part of the output gear and a large-diameter gear part arranged axially close to each other,
Lubricating oil between the tooth tip of the large diameter gear part and the tooth tip of the large diameter gear part by receiving a part of the lubricating oil scraped up by the rotation of the output gear. A vehicle drive device characterized in that a lubricating oil sump forming portion for forming a sump is provided.
前記大径歯車部の歯先円のうち、前記潤滑油溜りを構成する前記潤滑油との接触部における接線と、前記大径歯車部と噛み合う歯車部の歯先円とが、前記大径歯車部が車両を前進移動させる方向に回転している時の前記大径歯車部の回転方向前方側で交差している請求項1に記載の車両駆動装置。 Among the addendum circles of the large diameter gear part, the tangent line at the contact part with the lubricating oil forming the lubricating oil sump and the addendum circle of the gear part meshing with the large diameter gear part are the large diameter gears. The vehicle drive device according to claim 1, wherein the portions intersect on the front side in the rotation direction of the large-diameter gear portion when the portions rotate in the direction of moving the vehicle forward. 前記潤滑油溜り形成部が、前記大径歯車部を有する前記中間歯車の回転中心軸よりも鉛直方向下方側に設けられている請求項1又は2に記載の車両駆動装置。 The vehicle drive device according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the lubricating oil sump forming portion is provided vertically below a rotation center axis of the intermediate gear having the large diameter gear portion. 前記大径歯車部と噛み合う歯車部の歯幅が、前記大径歯車部の歯幅よりも大きい請求項1〜3の何れか一項に記載の車両駆動装置。 The vehicle drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a tooth width of a gear portion that meshes with the large diameter gear portion is larger than a tooth width of the large diameter gear portion. 前記大径歯車部のうち、前記出力歯車の歯車部と軸方向で対向する端面が、該端面に付着した前記潤滑油を径方向内側から径方向外側に向けて円滑に移動させ得る形状に形成されている請求項1〜4の何れか一項に記載の車両駆動装置。 An end surface of the large-diameter gear portion that faces the gear portion of the output gear in the axial direction is formed in a shape that allows the lubricating oil attached to the end surface to smoothly move from the radially inner side to the radially outer side. The vehicle drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 前記出力歯車の回転に伴って掻き上げられる前記潤滑油を、前記出力歯車と前記中間歯車との噛み合い部手前に誘導する誘導部を有する請求項1〜5の何れか一項に記載の車両駆動装置。 The vehicle drive according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising: a guide portion that guides the lubricating oil, which is scraped up with the rotation of the output gear, before a meshing portion between the output gear and the intermediate gear. apparatus. 前記誘導部の前記潤滑油の掻き上げ方向前方側の端部が、前記出力歯車と噛み合う前記中間歯車の最大歯先円の内側に位置している請求項6に記載の車両駆動装置。 The vehicle drive device according to claim 6, wherein an end portion of the guide portion on the front side in the scraping direction of the lubricating oil is located inside a maximum tip circle of the intermediate gear that meshes with the output gear. 前記入力歯車および前記中間歯車が、前記出力歯車の歯車部の一部を油浴状態とする前記潤滑油とは接触しない請求項1〜7の何れか一項に記載の車両駆動装置。 The vehicle drive device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the input gear and the intermediate gear do not come into contact with the lubricating oil that places a part of a gear portion of the output gear in an oil bath state.
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