JP6648884B2 - 磁気冷凍材料 - Google Patents
磁気冷凍材料 Download PDFInfo
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- JP6648884B2 JP6648884B2 JP2015164158A JP2015164158A JP6648884B2 JP 6648884 B2 JP6648884 B2 JP 6648884B2 JP 2015164158 A JP2015164158 A JP 2015164158A JP 2015164158 A JP2015164158 A JP 2015164158A JP 6648884 B2 JP6648884 B2 JP 6648884B2
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- magnetic
- refrigeration
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- temperature
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- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 97
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 title claims description 36
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 19
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 20
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000696 magnetic material Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005328 spin glass Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003991 Rietveld refinement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005290 antiferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001144 powder X-ray diffraction data Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005316 antiferromagnetic exchange Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002885 antiferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004429 atom Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002803 fossil fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005298 paramagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000314 poly p-methyl styrene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 206010063401 primary progressive multiple sclerosis Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002910 rare earth metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012916 structural analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
Landscapes
- Hard Magnetic Materials (AREA)
Description
しかしながら、Ho5+xPd2の場合には、xの値を例えば(−0.5≦x≦0.5)の範囲で変動させても、液体水素の沸点温度である20Kで最も大きな磁気熱量効果を示す磁気冷凍材料を得ることが出来なかった。
本発明の磁気冷凍材料において、好ましくは、Er5Pd2の5Tの磁場を印加した場合の磁気エントロピー変化は14.9J/kgKの値を示すとよい。また、Er5Pd2の5Tの磁場を印加した場合のRCPは5.3J/cm3の値を示すとよい。さらに、Er5Pd2の5Tの磁場を印加した場合の断熱温度変化は、24K乃至29Kの温度範囲において、4.5Kの値を示すとよい。
『磁気熱量効果』 磁性体に印加した磁場を変化させることにより、温度変化が誘発されること。磁性体に印加した磁場を切ると、磁気エントロピーが増加し、吸熱が起こる。このとき吸収する熱量は、磁気エントロピー変化と絶対温度の積で与えられるため、より大きな磁気エントロピー変化が得られれば、より大きな熱量が吸収される。この磁性体に印加した磁場を切るという過程は、気体冷凍における気体膨張の過程に対応している。
『反強磁性体』 隣り合う電子スピン同士が逆向きの方向を向いた磁気構造を示す磁性体のこと。零磁場下では、磁化は存在せず、磁石を引き寄せる性質を持っていない。また、反強磁性磁気構造が現れる温度をネール温度と呼ぶ。
『クラスターグラス』 ある有限なサイズ(クラスター)内では磁気秩序状態を保っているが、クラスター間ではスピングラスの様に乱雑なまま凍結した状態を指す。
[式1]
得られた磁気エントロピー変化量(−ΔSm)の最大値(−ΔSm max)と半値幅の積により、磁気冷凍能力を示すRCPを次式より算出することができる。
但し、−ΔSm maxは−ΔSmの最大値を示し、δTは−ΔSm maxのピークの半値幅を示す。断熱温度変化ΔTadは下記に示す式を用いて求めた。
さらに、この物質の大きな磁気冷凍能力は磁性イオンの欠損に起因する磁気フラストレーション効果に起因しているとの仮説のもと、磁性イオンの欠損量をコントロールした
試料Er5+xPd2(−0.4≦x≦0.4)の磁気冷凍能力を評価したところ、x=0.0で一番大きな磁気冷凍能力を示す事も見出した。
Claims (4)
- 化学組成が、Er5+xPd2(−0.4≦x≦0.4)で表されると共に、結晶構造が立方晶系Dy5Pd2型(HM表記ではFd−3m)で表されることを特徴とする磁気冷凍材料。
- Er5Pd2の5Tの磁場を印加した場合の磁気エントロピー変化は、14.9J/kgKの値を示すことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁気冷凍材料。
- Er5Pd2の5Tの磁場を印加した場合のRCPは、5.3J/cm3の値を示すことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁気冷凍材料。
- Er5Pd2の5Tの磁場を印加した場合の断熱温度変化は、24K乃至29Kの温度範囲において、4.5Kの値を示すことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の磁気冷凍材料。
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JP6648884B2 true JP6648884B2 (ja) | 2020-02-14 |
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Families Citing this family (1)
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WO2021015038A1 (ja) | 2019-07-25 | 2021-01-28 | 国立研究開発法人物質・材料研究機構 | 磁気冷凍モジュール、磁気冷凍システム及び冷却方法 |
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JP2941865B2 (ja) * | 1989-12-05 | 1999-08-30 | 株式会社東芝 | 低温蓄熱器 |
DE69101479T2 (de) * | 1990-09-28 | 1994-07-21 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Magnetische Substanzen zur Abkühlung bei sehr niedrigen Temperaturen. |
JP2835792B2 (ja) * | 1991-09-13 | 1998-12-14 | 三菱マテリアル株式会社 | 非晶質蓄冷材 |
US7549296B2 (en) * | 2004-02-23 | 2009-06-23 | Atlas Scientific | Low temperature cryocooler regenerator of ductile intermetallic compounds |
JP4237791B2 (ja) * | 2006-12-04 | 2009-03-11 | 株式会社東芝 | 蓄冷材の製造方法 |
JP5686314B2 (ja) * | 2010-09-21 | 2015-03-18 | 国立大学法人金沢大学 | 磁気冷凍システム用希土類磁気冷媒 |
CN102296222A (zh) * | 2011-08-10 | 2011-12-28 | 中国科学院物理研究所 | 用于磁制冷的稀土-钯-铝材料及其制备方法和用途 |
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