JP6543405B2 - 多段遠心圧縮機のための容量制御システム及び方法 - Google Patents
多段遠心圧縮機のための容量制御システム及び方法 Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
- F04D27/0284—Conjoint control of two or more different functions
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
- F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
- F04D17/12—Multi-stage pumps
- F04D17/122—Multi-stage pumps the individual rotor discs being, one for each stage, on a common shaft and axially spaced, e.g. conventional centrifugal multi- stage compressors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D21/00—Pump involving supersonic speed of pumped fluids
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
- F04D27/0246—Surge control by varying geometry within the pumps, e.g. by adjusting vanes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D27/00—Control, e.g. regulation, of pumps, pumping installations or pumping systems specially adapted for elastic fluids
- F04D27/02—Surge control
- F04D27/0261—Surge control by varying driving speed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
- F25B49/022—Compressor control arrangements
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2210/00—Working fluid
- F05B2210/10—Kind or type
- F05B2210/14—Refrigerants with particular properties, e.g. HFC-134a
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/301—Pressure
- F05B2270/3011—Inlet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/301—Pressure
- F05B2270/3013—Outlet
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/303—Temperature
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2270/00—Control
- F05B2270/30—Control parameters, e.g. input parameters
- F05B2270/327—Rotor or generator speeds
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/04—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type
- F25B1/053—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with compressor of rotary type of turbine type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
- F25B1/10—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle with multi-stage compression
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/19—Calculation of parameters
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/02—Compressor control
- F25B2600/025—Compressor control by controlling speed
- F25B2600/0253—Compressor control by controlling speed with variable speed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1931—Discharge pressures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/19—Pressures
- F25B2700/193—Pressures of the compressor
- F25B2700/1933—Suction pressures
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Control Of Positive-Displacement Air Blowers (AREA)
- Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Description
本願は、参照により本明細書に援用する、2015年7月6日に出願されCAPACITY CONTROL SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR MULTI−CENTRIFUGAL COMPRESSORと題された米国仮特許出願第62/188,777号明細書の優先権及び利益を主張する。
MachSurge=MachRatio*SpeedIncrease(%VGD)*Ω0.5 等式5
Tip Speed=MachSurge*Sound Speed 等式6
Hzactual_min=Tip Speed/(ImpellerOD*π) 等式7
図4には、例示的な多段圧縮機システムが示されている。この多段圧縮機38は、第1の圧縮機段42及び第2の圧縮機段44を含む。第1の圧縮機段42及び第2の圧縮機段44は、圧縮機段42、44のそれぞれを同じ速度で駆動するモータ36の両端に配置される。蒸気冷媒が、冷媒配管50経由で第1の圧縮機段42内に引き入れられる。冷媒配管50は、蒸発器32の吐出管46によって供給される。蒸気冷媒が第1の圧縮機段42によって圧縮され、段間のクロスオーバ管48内に吐き出される。段間のクロスオーバ管48は、反対端で第2の圧縮機段44の吸込入力52に接続される。冷媒は、圧縮機の吐出管54に出力され凝縮器30に供給されるように第2の圧縮機段44内で更に圧縮され、凝縮器30では加圧された蒸気冷媒が液体へと凝縮される。図4に示す例示的実施形態では、中間圧力冷媒を第2の圧縮機段44に与えて冷房サイクルの効率を高めるために、任意選択的なエコノマイザ回路60が液体冷媒の戻り経路56、58内に挿入され、蒸気流配管62が吸込入口52に接続される。
本明細書では、冷却機応用のための図4の構成内の2段遠心機に関して本発明の概念を説明する。正常な動作中、第1段のVGD及び第2段のVGDの位置は別々に制御される。冷却機によって必要とされる容量の需要は排水温度と対応する設定点との差によって決定される。この需要は、最大許容圧縮機速度と上記で定めたHzactual_min_1stとの間で圧縮機速度を変化させること、及び最大許容位置と最小許容位置との間で第1段のVGDの位置を変化させることによって満たされる。最適な効率を得るために、圧縮機速度は常にサージ前の最低許容値に保たれる。
Claims (5)
- 圧縮機の安定を保ちながら多段圧縮機を制御する方法であって、
モータ軸の両端に配置された第1の圧縮機段及び第2の圧縮機段を有する圧縮機を提供するステップであって、前記第1の圧縮機段及び第2の圧縮機段のそれぞれは、前記それぞれの圧縮機段を通る冷媒の流量を制御するためのそれぞれの流量減少装置及び制御システムを有する、提供するステップと、
式(1)の関係を有するマッハ比、及び羽根車の外径を圧縮機段ごとに定めるステップと、
現在のヘッド係数及び流量減少装置の位置について、サージ状態なしに動作するのに最低限必要なモータ駆動周波数を前記圧縮機の段ごとに計算するステップと、
排出冷水温度の設定点を実現するために、実際のモータ駆動周波数を最低許容レベルに保ちながら、前記流量減少装置の位置を前記圧縮機の段ごとに調節するステップと、
前記圧縮機の各段の前記流量減少装置の位置が完全に開いた位置に達し、前記排出冷水温度の設定点が満たされず且つ最大モータ駆動周波数を超過していない場合、前記実際のモータ駆動周波数を増やしてモータ速度を上げるステップと、
前記圧縮機の段ごとに吸込圧力及び吐出圧力を測定するステップと、
前記圧縮機の段ごとに飽和吸込温度及び飽和吐出温度を計算するステップと、
実際の最低モータ駆動周波数を計算するステップと、
サージ状態なしの所望の余裕をもたらす前記マッハ比を選択するステップと
を含む、方法。
MachRatio 2 =Mach 2 /ヘッド係数 (1)
但し、MachRatioはマッハ数であり、Machはマッハ数である。 - 前記流量減少装置の位置を前記圧縮機の段ごとに調節するステップが、各流量減少装置を同一信号によって制御するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の多段圧縮機を制御する方法。
- 飽和吸込温度及び飽和吐出温度を計算するステップが、前記飽和吸込温度及び飽和吐出温度をコントローラの飽和表から抽出するステップを含む、請求項1に記載の多段圧縮機を制御する方法。
- 幾つかの個別の流量減少装置の位置に関して、速度増加値を値の表の下でコントローラ内に保存することができる、請求項1に記載の多段圧縮機を制御する方法。
- 多段圧縮機を制御するためのシステムであって、
閉冷媒ループ内で接続される、各圧縮機段が流量減少装置を有する第1の圧縮機段及び第2の圧縮機段を有する圧縮機、凝縮器、及び蒸発器と、
前記圧縮機の各段の容量を制御するように構成される制御システムであって、
最低限必要なモータ駆動周波数を計算すること、
前記流量減少装置の位置を調節すること、
前記流量減少装置の位置が完全に開いた位置に達し、排出冷水の設定点が満たされない場合、実際のモータ駆動周波数を増やすこと、
吸込圧力及び吐出圧力を測定すること、
飽和吸込温度及び飽和吐出温度を計算すること、
実際の最低モータ駆動周波数を計算すること、
式(2)の関係を有するマッハ比であって、サージ状態なしの余裕をもたらすマッハ比を選択すること、及び
サージ状態なしに動作するように前記圧縮機を制御すること
を行うように構成される、制御システムと
を含む、システム。
MachRatio 2 =Mach 2 /ヘッド係数 (2)
但し、MachRatioはマッハ数であり、Machはマッハ数である。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US201562188777P | 2015-07-06 | 2015-07-06 | |
US62/188,777 | 2015-07-06 | ||
PCT/US2016/040663 WO2017007708A1 (en) | 2015-07-06 | 2016-07-01 | Capacity control system and method for multi-stage centrifugal compressor |
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JP2018526557A JP2018526557A (ja) | 2018-09-13 |
JP6543405B2 true JP6543405B2 (ja) | 2019-07-10 |
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US (1) | US10184482B2 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3320213B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6543405B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102048767B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN107735575B (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI628364B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2017007708A1 (ja) |
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JP6396662B2 (ja) * | 2013-03-15 | 2018-09-26 | ダイキン アプライド アメリカズ インコーポレィティッド | 冷凍装置および冷凍機の制御装置 |
ES2778827T3 (es) * | 2017-10-31 | 2020-08-12 | Cryostar Sas | Método para controlar la presión de salida de un compresor |
US10935292B2 (en) | 2018-06-14 | 2021-03-02 | Trane International Inc. | Lubricant quality management for a compressor |
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US20170009775A1 (en) | 2017-01-12 |
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