JP6501421B2 - Body cavity fluid treatment device - Google Patents
Body cavity fluid treatment device Download PDFInfo
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- JP6501421B2 JP6501421B2 JP2017133504A JP2017133504A JP6501421B2 JP 6501421 B2 JP6501421 B2 JP 6501421B2 JP 2017133504 A JP2017133504 A JP 2017133504A JP 2017133504 A JP2017133504 A JP 2017133504A JP 6501421 B2 JP6501421 B2 JP 6501421B2
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/34—Filtering material out of the blood by passing it through a membrane, i.e. hemofiltration or diafiltration
- A61M1/3413—Diafiltration
Description
本発明は、体腔液処理装置に関する。 The present invention relates to a body cavity fluid treatment apparatus.
難治性腹水症の治療法として、患者から腹水を取り出し、当該腹水から細菌やがん細胞などの病因物質を除去し、アルブミンなどの有用成分を残した状態で除水し、当該濃縮液を体内に戻す腹水濾過濃縮再静注法（Cell-free and Concentrated Ascites Reinfusion Therapy）がある。 As a treatment for intractable ascites, ascites fluid is removed from the patient, pathogens such as bacteria and cancer cells are removed from the ascites fluid, and water is removed in a state where useful components such as albumin remain, and the concentrate is collected in the body. Ascites fluid filtration concentration re-injection (Cell-free and Concentrated Ascites Reinfusion Therapy).
かかる治療法には、一般的に腹水処理装置が用いられている。この腹水処理装置には、腹水バッグと、濾過器と、濃縮器と、濃縮腹水バッグをこの順番で直列的に接続し、落差或いはポンプにより腹水を流して腹水を濾過、濃縮するものが用いられている。濾過器には、中空糸膜などの濾過膜が用いられている。 An ascites treatment device is generally used for such treatment. As the ascites fluid treatment apparatus, an ascites fluid bag, a filter, a concentrator, and a concentrated ascites fluid bag are connected in series in this order, and ascites fluid is caused to flow by a head or a pump to filter and concentrate ascites fluid. ing. A filtration membrane such as a hollow fiber membrane is used for the filter.
ところで、腹水には、濾過器で除去すべき多くの除去物質が含まれているため、上述の腹水処理装置を用いて行われる腹水処理において、濾過器の濾過膜が短時間で目詰まりを起こす場合がある。このため、腹水処理装置に濾過器の濾過膜を洗浄する機能を設けることが提案されている（引用文献１参照）。 By the way, as ascites fluid contains many removed substances to be removed by the filter, in the ascites treatment performed using the above ascites fluid treatment apparatus, the filter membrane of the filter causes clogging in a short time There is a case. For this reason, it has been proposed to provide the ascites fluid treatment apparatus with a function to wash the filtration membrane of the filter (see cited reference 1).
しかしながら、上述の濾過膜の洗浄機能を有する腹水処理装置では、濾過器の濾過膜が目詰まりを起こして洗浄が必要となるタイミングを正確に把握することが難しい。濾過膜の洗浄のタイミングが遅れると、濾過膜に過度の圧力がかかり、濾過膜の劣化や破損を招く恐れがある。また、濾過膜の洗浄を行う際には、その都度医療従事者が洗浄のための操作を行う必要があり、時間と手間がかかる。 However, in the ascites processing apparatus having the above-described filtration membrane cleaning function, it is difficult to accurately grasp the timing at which the filtration membrane of the filter becomes clogged and cleaning is required. If the timing for cleaning the filtration membrane is delayed, excessive pressure may be applied to the filtration membrane, which may lead to deterioration or breakage of the filtration membrane. Moreover, when cleaning the filtration membrane, it is necessary for the medical worker to perform the operation for cleaning each time, which takes time and effort.
本出願はかかる点に鑑みてなされたものであり、濾過器の洗浄のタイミングを正確に把握し、なおかつ自動で濾過器の洗浄を行うことが可能な腹水処理装置などの体腔液処理装置を提供することをその目的の一つとする。 This application is made in view of this point, and provides a body cavity fluid processing apparatus such as an ascites processing apparatus capable of accurately grasping the cleaning timing of the filter and automatically cleaning the filter. To do one of its purposes.
本発明者らは、鋭意検討した結果、体腔液処理装置に、洗浄液貯留部、洗浄ライン、ポンプ、第１の圧力測定装置、第２の圧力測定装置、制御装置等を設けることにより、上記目的を達成できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 The inventors of the present invention conducted intensive studies and found that the above-described object is achieved by providing the body cavity fluid treatment apparatus with a washing solution storage unit, a washing line, a pump, a first pressure measuring device, a second pressure measuring device, a controller and the like. It has been found that the present invention can be achieved.
すなわち、本発明は以下の態様を含む。
（１）濾過膜を有し、前記濾過膜を通過させて体腔液を濾過する濾過器と、前記濾過器の濾過膜の入口側に連通し、前記濾過膜に体腔液を流す第１のラインと、前記濾過器の濾過膜の出口側に連通し、前記濾過膜を通過した濾過体腔液を流す第２のラインと、前記第２のラインに接続されており、洗浄液を前記第２のラインを通じて前記濾過膜の出口側に供給し前記濾過膜を通過させて前記濾過膜を洗浄する洗浄装置と、前記第２のラインの前記洗浄装置が接続された位置よりも上流側に設けられ、正回転により前記第１のラインの体腔液を前記濾過器に吸引し、逆回転により前記洗浄装置の洗浄液を前記第２のラインを通じて前記濾過膜の出口側に供給し前記濾過膜を通過させるポンプと、前記濾過器の濾過膜の出口側の圧力を測定する圧力測定装置と、前記濾過器の入口側に連通し、前記濾過膜を通過した洗浄液を排出する第３のラインと、前記第３のラインに設けられた第１の開閉装置と、前記第２のラインにおける前記洗浄装置が接続された位置よりも下流側に設けられた第２の開閉装置と、前記第１のラインに設けられた上流開閉装置と、前記濾過器の濾過膜の入口側の圧力と前記圧力測定装置により測定された圧力との圧力差が所定の閾値を超えた場合に、前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記第２の開閉装置と前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記ポンプを逆回転させて、前記洗浄装置により前記洗浄液を前記第２のラインを通じて前記濾過膜に供給させる制御装置と、を少なくとも備え、前記制御装置は、前記圧力差が前記閾値を超えた場合の初めの少なくとも１回は前記ポンプの正回転の流量を減らして前記体腔液の前記濾過器への供給を継続し、その後前記圧力差が前記閾値を超えた場合に、前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記第２の開閉装置と前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記ポンプを逆回転させ前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に供給させ、前記ポンプの正回転の流量が所定の最低流量に到達し、前記圧力差が前記閾値を超えた場合に、前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記第２の開閉装置と前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記ポンプを逆回転させ前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に供給させる、体腔液処理装置。なお、「前記洗浄開閉装置と前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記第２の開閉装置と前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態」とは、少なくとも、ポンプを逆回転させて洗浄装置により洗浄液を第２のラインを通じて濾過膜に供給させる際にその状態となっていればよく、予めその状態になっている場合も、その時にその状態にする場合も含まれる。
（２）前記洗浄装置は、洗浄液を貯留する洗浄液貯留部と、前記洗浄液貯留部と前記第２のラインを接続する洗浄ラインと、前記洗浄ラインに設けられた洗浄開閉装置と、を有する、（１）に記載の体腔液処理装置。
（３）前記制御装置は、前記第１の開閉装置と前記第２の開閉装置と前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記ポンプにより前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜の出口側に供給させ前記濾過膜の出口側の圧力を所定の圧力以上に上昇させ、その後前記第１の開閉装置を開放して前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に通過させる、（１）又は（２）に記載の体腔液処理装置。
（４）前記制御装置は、前記濾過器の濾過膜の出口側の圧力を所定の圧力以上に上昇させ、その後前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に通過させることを、複数回繰り返す、（３）に記載の体腔液処理装置。
（５）前記制御装置は、前記濾過器の濾過膜の出口側の圧力を所定の圧力以上に上昇させ、その後前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に通過させることを複数回繰り返した後、前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記第２の開閉装置と前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記ポンプにより前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜の出口側に供給させ前記濾過膜の出口側の圧力を前記所定の圧力以上に上昇させずに前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に通過させる、（４）に記載の体腔液処理装置。
（６）濾過膜を有し、前記濾過膜を通過させて体腔液を濾過する濾過器と、前記濾過器の濾過膜の入口側に連通し、前記濾過膜に体腔液を流す第１のラインと、前記濾過器の濾過膜の出口側に連通し、前記濾過膜を通過した濾過体腔液を流す第２のラインと、前記第２のラインに設けられ、前記第１のラインの体腔液を前記濾過器に吸引するポンプと、前記第２のラインの前記ポンプより上流側に接続されており、洗浄液を前記第２のラインを通じて前記濾過膜の出口側に供給し前記濾過膜を通過させて前記濾過膜を洗浄する洗浄装置と、前記濾過器の濾過膜の出口側の圧力を測定する圧力測定装置と、前記濾過器の入口側に連通し、前記濾過膜を通過した洗浄液を排出する第３のラインと、前記第３のラインに設けられた第１の開閉装置と、前記第１のラインに設けられた上流開閉装置と、前記濾過器の濾過膜の入口側の圧力と前記圧力測定装置により測定された圧力との圧力差が所定の閾値を超えた場合に、前記ポンプを停止させ、前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記洗浄装置により、前記洗浄液を前記第２のラインを通じて前記濾過膜に供給させる制御装置と、を少なくとも備え、前記制御装置は、前記圧力差が前記閾値を超えた場合の初めの少なくとも１回は、前記ポンプの流量を減らして前記体腔液の前記濾過器への供給を継続し、その後前記圧力差が前記閾値を超えた場合に、前記ポンプを停止させ、前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記洗浄装置により前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に供給させ、前記ポンプの流量が所定の最低流量に到達し、前記圧力差が前記閾値を超えた場合に、前記ポンプを停止させ、前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記洗浄装置により前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に供給させる、体腔液処理装置。なお、「前記ポンプを停止させ、前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態」とは、少なくとも、洗浄装置により、洗浄液を第２のラインを通じて濾過膜に供給させる際にその状態となっていればよく、予めその状態になっている場合も、その時にその状態にする場合も含まれる。
（７）前記洗浄装置は、洗浄液を貯留する洗浄液貯留部と、前記洗浄液貯留部と前記第２のラインを接続する洗浄ラインと、前記洗浄ラインに設けられ、前記洗浄液を供給する洗浄ポンプと、を有する、（６）に記載の体腔液処理装置。
（８）前記制御装置は、前記ポンプを停止させ、前記第１の開閉装置と前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記洗浄ポンプにより前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜の出口側に供給させ前記濾過膜の出口側の圧力を所定の圧力以上に上昇させ、その後前記第１の開閉装置を開放して前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に通過させる、（７）に記載の体腔液処理装置。
（９）前記制御装置は、前記濾過器の濾過膜の出口側の圧力を所定の圧力以上に上昇させ、その後前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に通過させることを、複数回繰り返す、（８）に記載の体腔液処理装置。
（１０）前記制御装置は、前記濾過器の濾過膜の出口側の圧力を所定の圧力以上に上昇させ、その後前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に通過させることを複数回繰り返した後、前記ポンプを停止させ、前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記洗浄装置により前記洗浄液を前記濾過器の出口側に供給させ前記濾過膜の出口側の圧力を前記所定の圧力以上に上昇させずに前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に通過させる、（９）に記載の体腔液処理装置。
（１１）前記濾過器の濾過膜の出口側に残存する濾過体腔液を前記第２のラインを通じて回収する回収装置をさらに備えた、（１）〜（１０）のいずれかに記載の体腔液処理装置。
（１２）前記回収装置は、前記濾過膜の出口側に連通する回収ラインと、前記回収ラインに設けられた回収開閉装置を有する、（１１）に記載の体腔液処理装置。
（１３）前記回収装置は、前記回収開閉装置を開放し、前記ポンプを駆動することで前記濾過膜の出口側に気体を供給し、前記第２のラインには、気体検出装置が設けられている、（１２）に記載の体腔液処理装置。
（１４）前記濾過膜は、中空糸膜であり、前記濾過膜の入口側が前記中空糸膜の内側領域であり、前記濾過膜の出口側が前記中空糸膜の外側領域である、（１）〜（１３）のいずれかに記載の体腔液処理装置。
（１５）前記濾過膜は、中空糸膜であり、前記濾過膜の出口側が前記中空糸膜の内側領域であり、前記濾過膜の入口側が前記中空糸膜の外側領域である、（１）〜（１３）のいずれかに記載の体腔液処理装置。
（１６）前記第２のラインの濾過体腔液を濃縮する濃縮システムを備えた、（１）〜（１５）のいずれかに記載の体腔液処理装置。
（１７）前記濃縮システムは、前記第２のラインの濾過体腔液を濃縮する濃縮器と、前記濃縮器で濃縮された濃縮体腔液を流す濃縮ラインと、前記濃縮器で除去された水分を排出する排水ラインと、前記濃縮ライン又は前記排水ラインの少なくとも一方に設けられた濃縮ポンプと、を有する、（１６）に記載の体腔液処理装置。
（１８）前記濃縮システムは、前記濃縮体腔液を貯留する濃縮体腔液貯留部と、前記濃縮体腔液貯留部の濃縮体腔液を前記第２のラインに戻す循環ラインと、をさらに有する、（１７）に記載の体腔液処理装置。
That is, the present invention includes the following aspects.
(1) A filter which has a filter membrane and which passes through the filter membrane to filter body cavity fluid, and a first line which communicates with the inlet side of the filter membrane of the filter and which flows body cavity fluid to the filter membrane And a second line in communication with the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter and flowing the filter body fluid that has passed through the filtration membrane, and the second line being connected with the second line, the cleaning fluid being the second line It is provided on the upstream side of the cleaning apparatus for supplying to the outlet side of the filtration membrane through the filter membrane and cleaning the filtration membrane by passing the filtration membrane, and the second line at a position upstream of the connected location of the cleaning apparatus. A pump that sucks the cavity fluid in the first line into the filter by rotation, supplies the cleaning liquid of the washing device to the outlet side of the filtration membrane through the second line by reverse rotation, and passes the filtration membrane Measuring the pressure on the outlet side of the filter membrane of the filter A measuring device, a third line communicating with the inlet side of the filter, for discharging the washing solution having passed through the filtration membrane, a first opening / closing device provided in the third line, and the second A second switching device provided downstream of the position where the cleaning device is connected in the line, an upstream switching device provided in the first line, and a pressure on the inlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter When the pressure difference between the pressure measured by the pressure measuring device and the pressure measuring device exceeds a predetermined threshold, the first opening / closing device is opened, and the second opening / closing device and the upstream opening / closing device are closed. At least a control device for causing the cleaning device to supply the cleaning solution to the filtration membrane through the second line by rotating the pump in the reverse direction , the control device having the pressure difference exceeding the threshold value At least the beginning of the case The flow reduces the flow rate of the forward rotation of the pump to continue the supply of the body cavity fluid to the filter, and then the first open / close device is opened when the pressure difference exceeds the threshold, With the second opening / closing device and the upstream opening / closing device closed, the pump is reversely rotated to supply the washing solution to the filtration membrane, and the forward rotation flow rate of the pump reaches a predetermined minimum flow rate, and the pressure When the difference exceeds the threshold value, the first opening / closing device is opened and the second opening / closing device and the upstream opening / closing device are closed, the pump is reversely rotated and the washing solution is applied to the filtration membrane. Body cavity fluid treatment system to be supplied . It should be noted that "in the state where the cleaning switchgear and the first switchgear are opened and the second switchgear and the upstream switchgear are closed" means that at least the pump is reversely rotated and the cleaning liquid is It suffices to be in the state when supplied to the filtration membrane through the second line, and the case in which the state is in advance and the case in which the state is in effect at that time is also included.
(2) the cleaning device includes a cleaning liquid storage unit for storing a cleaning liquid, a cleaning line for connecting the second line and the cleaning liquid storage unit, and a cleaning switchgear et al are provided in the cleaning line, The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to (1).
(3) The control device causes the pump to supply the cleaning solution to the outlet side of the filtration membrane in a state where the first opening / closing device, the second opening / closing device and the upstream opening / closing device are closed. The body cavity fluid treating apparatus according to (1) or (2) , wherein the pressure on the outlet side of the pressure vessel is increased to a predetermined pressure or more, and then the first opening / closing device is opened to pass the washing solution to the filtration membrane.
(4) the control device, the cause of the pressure on the outlet side of the filter of the filtration membrane is increased above a predetermined pressure, that thereafter passing the washing solution to the filtration membrane, repeated several times, according to (3) Body cavity fluid treatment device.
(5) The control device increases the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter to a predetermined pressure or higher, and then repeatedly passes the cleaning solution through the filtration membrane a plurality of times. With the open / close device open and the second open / close device and the upstream open / close device closed, the pump supplies the cleaning liquid to the outlet side of the filtration membrane to cause the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane to be the predetermined pressure. The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to ( 4) , wherein the cleaning fluid is allowed to pass through the filtration membrane without raising the pressure or more.
(6) A filter which has a filter membrane and which passes through the filter membrane to filter body cavity fluid, and a first line which communicates with the inlet side of the filter membrane of the filter and which flows body cavity fluid to the filter membrane And a second line communicating with the outlet side of the filter membrane of the filter and flowing the filter cavity fluid passing through the filter membrane, and provided in the second line, the body cavity fluid of the first line A pump for suctioning to the filter, and an upstream side of the pump of the second line are connected, and a cleaning solution is supplied to the outlet side of the filtration membrane through the second line to pass through the filtration membrane. A cleaning device for cleaning the filtration membrane, a pressure measuring device for measuring the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter, and an inlet side of the filter for discharging the cleaning fluid passing through the filtration membrane A third switch and a first switchgear provided in the third line; An upstream opening and closing device provided in the first line, if the pressure difference between the measured inlet pressure of the filter of the filter membrane and by the pressure measuring system pressure exceeds a predetermined threshold value, the A control device for stopping the pump, opening the first opening / closing device, and closing the upstream opening / closing device so that the cleaning device supplies the cleaning liquid to the filtration membrane through the second line; The control device reduces the flow rate of the pump to continue the supply of the body cavity fluid to the filter at least once at the first time when the pressure difference exceeds the threshold, and then the pressure is reduced. When the difference exceeds the threshold value, the pump is stopped, the first opening / closing device is opened, and the upstream opening / closing device is closed, the cleaning device is caused to supply the cleaning solution to the filter membrane. Previous When the flow rate of the pump reaches a predetermined minimum flow rate and the pressure difference exceeds the threshold, the pump is stopped, the first opening / closing device is opened, and the upstream opening / closing device is closed, The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus , wherein the washing solution is supplied to the filtration membrane by the washing device. Note that “in the state where the pump is stopped, the first opening and closing device is opened, and the upstream opening and closing device is closed” is at least when the cleaning device supplies the cleaning film to the filtration membrane through the second line. It is sufficient that the state is in the state, and the case in which the state is made in advance and the case in which the state is made at that time are included.
(7) The cleaning apparatus includes a cleaning solution storage unit for storing a cleaning solution, a cleaning line connecting the cleaning solution storage unit and the second line, and a cleaning pump provided in the cleaning line to supply the cleaning solution; The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to ( 6) , having
(8) In the state where the control device stops the pump and closes the first opening / closing device and the upstream opening / closing device, the cleaning pump supplies the cleaning liquid to the outlet side of the filtration membrane to cause the filtration membrane The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to ( 7) , wherein the pressure on the outlet side of the pressure sensor is increased to a predetermined pressure or more, and then the first opening / closing device is opened to pass the cleaning solution through the filtration membrane.
(9) the control device, the pressure on the outlet side of the filter membrane of the filter is raised above a predetermined pressure, that thereafter passing the washing solution to the filtration membrane, repeated several times, according to (8) Body cavity fluid treatment device.
(10) The control device increases the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter to a predetermined pressure or higher, and then repeatedly passes the cleaning solution through the filtration membrane a plurality of times, and then stops the pump , The first opening / closing device is opened, and the upstream opening / closing device is closed, the cleaning device is supplied to the outlet side of the filter by the cleaning device, and the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane is the predetermined pressure. The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to ( 9 ), wherein the cleaning fluid is allowed to pass through the filtration membrane without raising the pressure or more.
(11) The body cavity fluid treatment according to any one of (1) to ( 10) , further comprising a recovery device for recovering through the second line filter body fluid remaining on the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter apparatus.
(12) The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to ( 11) , wherein the collection device has a collection line in communication with the outlet side of the filtration membrane, and a collection opening / closing device provided in the collection line.
(13) The recovery device opens the recovery opening / closing device and drives the pump to supply gas to the outlet side of the filtration membrane, and the second line is provided with a gas detection device The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to ( 12) .
(14) The filtration membrane is a hollow fiber membrane, the inlet side of the filtration membrane is the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane, and the outlet side of the filtration membrane is the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane. The body cavity fluid processing apparatus in any one of ( 13) .
(15) The filtration membrane is a hollow fiber membrane, the outlet side of the filtration membrane is the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane, and the inlet side of the filtration membrane is the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane. The body cavity fluid processing apparatus in any one of ( 13) .
(16) The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to any one of (1) to ( 15) , including a concentration system that concentrates the filter body cavity fluid in the second line.
(17) The concentration system comprises a concentrator for concentrating the filter fluid in the second line, a concentration line for flowing the concentrate fluid concentrated in the concentrator, and the water removed in the concentrator. A body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to ( 16) , comprising: a drainage line; and a concentration pump provided in at least one of the concentration line or the drainage line.
(18) The concentration system further includes a concentrate body cavity fluid reservoir for storing the concentrate cavity fluid, and a circulation line for returning the concentrate cavity fluid of the concentrate body cavity fluid reservoir to the second line, ( 17) The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus as described in 2. ) .
本発明によれば、濾過器の洗浄のタイミングを正確に把握し、なおかつ自動で濾過器の洗浄を行うことができる体腔液処理装置を提供することができる。 According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a body cavity fluid treatment apparatus capable of accurately grasping the cleaning timing of the filter and capable of automatically cleaning the filter.
以下、図面を参照して、本発明の好ましい実施の形態について説明する。なお、同一の要素には同一の符号を付し、重複する説明を省略する。また、上下左右等の位置関係は、特に断らない限り、特に限定するものではない。さらに、図面の寸法比率は、図示の比率に限定されるものではない。また、以下の実施の形態は、本発明を説明するための例示であり、本発明はこの実施の形態に限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the same element and the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted. Further, the positional relationship such as top, bottom, left, and right is not particularly limited unless otherwise specified. Furthermore, the dimensional ratios in the drawings are not limited to the illustrated ratios. Also, the following embodiments are exemplifications for explaining the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.
（第１の実施の形態）
図１は、本実施の形態に係る体腔液処理装置としての腹水処理装置１の構成の概略を示す説明図である。
First Embodiment
FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing an outline of a configuration of an ascites treatment apparatus 1 as a body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to the present embodiment.
腹水処理装置１は、腹水貯留部としての腹水バッグ１０と、濾過器１１と、第１のライン１２と、第２のライン１３と、第３のライン１４と、第４のライン１５と、第１の圧力測定装置１６と、第２の圧力測定装置１７と、ポンプ１８と、第１の開閉装置１９と、第２の開閉装置２０と、上流開閉装置２１と、洗浄液貯留部３０と、洗浄ライン３１と、洗浄開閉装置３２と、回収装置４０と、制御装置５０と、濃縮システム６０等を備えている。 The ascites fluid treatment apparatus 1 includes an ascites fluid bag 10 as an ascites fluid reservoir, a filter 11, a first line 12, a second line 13, a third line 14, a fourth line 15, and a fourth line 15. 1, the second pressure measuring device 17, the pump 18, the first opening and closing device 19, the second opening and closing device 20, the upstream opening and closing device 21, the cleaning solution storage unit 30, A line 31, a cleaning switch 32, a recovery device 40, a control device 50, a concentration system 60 and the like are provided.
腹水バッグ１０は、患者から採取された腹水を収容することができる。 Ascites fluid bag 10 can contain ascites fluid collected from a patient.
濾過器１１は、例えば円筒形状を有している。濾過器１１は、長手方向の両端部に通液口１１ａ、１１ｂを有し、側面に２つの通液口１１ｃ、１１ｄを有している。 The filter 11 has, for example, a cylindrical shape. The filter 11 has liquid flow openings 11a and 11b at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and has two liquid flow openings 11c and 11d on the side surfaces.
濾過器１１は、例えば細菌やがん細胞などの所定の病因物質を除去し、アルブミンなどの所定の有用成分を通過させる中空糸膜などの濾過膜７０を備えている。濾過膜７０の内側領域は、通液口１１ａ、１１ｂに通じ、濾過膜７０の外側領域は、通液口１１ｃ、１１ｄに通じている。 The filter 11 is provided with a filtration membrane 70 such as a hollow fiber membrane that removes predetermined pathogenic substances such as bacteria and cancer cells, and allows predetermined useful components such as albumin to pass through. The inner region of the filtration membrane 70 is in communication with the flow openings 11a and 11b, and the outer region of the filtration membrane 70 is in communication with the flow openings 11c and 11d.
第１のライン１２は、腹水バッグ１０と濾過器１１を接続している。第１のライン１２の下流側の端部は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ａに接続されている。 The first line 12 connects the ascites fluid bag 10 and the filter 11. The downstream end of the first line 12 is connected to the liquid passage port 11 a of the filter 11.
第２のライン１３は、濾過器１１と濃縮システム６０の後述の濃縮器１１０を接続している。第２のライン１３の上流側の端部は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ｃに接続されている。 The second line 13 connects the filter 11 and a later-described concentrator 110 of the concentration system 60. The upstream end of the second line 13 is connected to the liquid passage 11 c of the filter 11.
第３のライン１４は、一端が濾過器１１の通液口１１ｂに接続されている。第３のライン１４の他端は、例えば図示しない排液部に接続されている。 One end of the third line 14 is connected to the liquid passage port 11 b of the filter 11. The other end of the third line 14 is connected to, for example, a drain (not shown).
第４のライン１５は、一端が濾過器１１の通液口１１ｄに接続されている。第４のライン１５は、他端が大気開放されている。なお、第１〜第４のライン１２〜１５には、軟質性のチューブが用いられている。 One end of the fourth line 15 is connected to the flow passage 11 d of the filter 11. The other end of the fourth line 15 is open to the atmosphere. In addition, the flexible tube is used for the 1st-4th lines 12-15.
第１の圧力測定装置１６は、第１のライン１２に設けられ、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の一次側（入口側）の圧力を測定できる。第２の圧力測定装置１７は、第４のライン１５に設けられ、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の二次側（出口側）の圧力を測定できる。第１の圧力測定装置１６と第２の圧力測定装置１７の圧力測定結果は、制御装置５０に出力される。 The first pressure measuring device 16 is provided in the first line 12 and can measure the pressure on the primary side (inlet side) of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11. The second pressure measuring device 17 is provided in the fourth line 15 and can measure the pressure on the secondary side (outlet side) of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11. The pressure measurement results of the first pressure measuring device 16 and the second pressure measuring device 17 are output to the control device 50.
ポンプ１８は、第１のライン１２に設けられている。ポンプ１８には、例えばチューブを扱いてチューブ内の腹水を圧送する正回転及び逆回転可能なチューブポンプが用いられている。なお、ポンプ１８は、作動時に第１のライン１２を開放し、停止時に第１のライン１２を閉鎖するものでもあり、開閉装置（流量調整装置）としても機能する。 The pump 18 is provided in the first line 12. The pump 18 is, for example, a tube pump capable of rotating in the forward and reverse directions which handles the tube and pumps the ascites fluid in the tube. The pump 18 also opens the first line 12 at the time of operation and closes the first line 12 at the time of stop, and also functions as a switching device (flow rate adjusting device).
第１の開閉装置１９は、例えば開閉バルブであり、第３のライン１４に設けられている。第２の開閉装置２０は、例えば開閉バルブであり、第２のライン１３に設けられている。 The first opening and closing device 19 is, for example, an opening and closing valve, and is provided in the third line 14. The second opening and closing device 20 is, for example, an opening and closing valve, and is provided in the second line 13.
上流開閉装置２１は、例えば開閉バルブであり、第１のライン１２に設けられている。洗浄液貯留部３０は、例えば軟質性のバッグであり、所定量の洗浄液を貯留できる。洗浄液には、例えば食塩水が用いられる。 The upstream opening / closing device 21 is, for example, an opening / closing valve, and is provided in the first line 12. The cleaning solution storage unit 30 is, for example, a flexible bag, and can store a predetermined amount of cleaning solution. For example, saline is used as the washing solution.
洗浄ライン３１は、洗浄液貯留部３０と第２のライン１３を接続している。洗浄ライン３１は、例えば第２のライン１３における第２の開閉装置２０よりも上流側（濾過器１１側）に接続されている。洗浄ライン３１には、例えば軟質性のチューブが用いられている。洗浄開閉装置３２は、例えば開閉バルブであり、洗浄ライン３１に設けられている。なお、本実施の形態において、洗浄開閉装置３２、洗浄ライン３１及び洗浄貯留部３０により洗浄装置を構成している。 The cleaning line 31 connects the cleaning solution reservoir 30 and the second line 13. The cleaning line 31 is connected, for example, to the upstream side (filter 11 side) of the second opening / closing device 20 in the second line 13. For the cleaning line 31, for example, a flexible tube is used. The cleaning opening and closing device 32 is, for example, an opening and closing valve, and is provided in the cleaning line 31. In the present embodiment, the cleaning device is configured by the cleaning opening and closing device 32, the cleaning line 31, and the cleaning reservoir 30.
回収装置４０は、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側に残存する濾過腹水（濾過された腹水）を第２のライン１３を通じて回収するものである。回収装置４０は、例えば流体供給装置を有し、例えば一端が濾過膜７０の通液口１１ｄに接続され、他端が大気開放された第４のライン１５と、第４のライン１５に設けられた回収開閉装置９０を備えている。これにより、回収装置４０は、回収開閉装置９０を開放し、ポンプ１８を駆動することで濾過膜７０の出口側に気体（大気）を供給し濾過膜７０の出口側の濾過腹水を第２のライン１３に押し出すことができる。 The recovery device 40 recovers the filtered ascites remaining on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 (filtered ascites) through the second line 13. The recovery device 40 has, for example, a fluid supply device, and for example, is provided in a fourth line 15 and a fourth line 15, one end of which is connected to the flow passage 11d of the filtration membrane 70 and the other end opened to the atmosphere. The recovery switchgear 90 is provided. As a result, the recovery device 40 opens the recovery opening / closing device 90 and drives the pump 18 to supply gas (atmosphere) to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70, and the filtered ascites fluid on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 It can be pushed into line 13.
第２のライン１３には、気体検出装置９１が設けられている。気体検出装置９１は、洗浄ライン３１の接続部分よりも上流側（濾過器１１側）に設けられている。これにより、回収装置４０により濾過膜７０の出口側が気体に置換され、濾過膜７０の出口側にあった濾過腹水が第２のライン１３に排出されたことを検出できる。 The second line 13 is provided with a gas detector 91. The gas detection device 91 is provided on the upstream side (filter 11 side) of the connection portion of the cleaning line 31. As a result, it is possible to detect that the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 has been replaced with gas by the recovery device 40 and the filtered ascites that was on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is discharged to the second line 13.
制御装置５０は、例えばＣＰＵ、メモリ等を有するマイクロコンピュータである。制御装置５０は、ポンプ１８、第１の開閉装置１９、第２の開閉装置２０、上流開閉装置２１、洗浄開閉装置３２、第１の圧力測定装置１６、第２の圧力測定装置１７、回収装置４０の回収開閉装置９０、気体検出装置９１、濃縮システム６０等の各装置の動作を制御して腹水処理を実行できる。制御装置５０は、例えば予めメモリに記憶されたプログラムを実行して腹水処理を実施できる。 The control device 50 is a microcomputer having, for example, a CPU, a memory, and the like. The control device 50 includes a pump 18, a first opening / closing device 19, a second opening / closing device 20, an upstream opening / closing device 21, a cleaning opening / closing device 32, a first pressure measuring device 16, a second pressure measuring device 17, a recovery device The ascites treatment can be performed by controlling the operation of each device such as the recovery opening / closing device 90, the gas detection device 91, the concentration system 60, and the like. The control device 50 can execute ascites treatment, for example, by executing a program stored in advance in a memory.
具体的には、例えば制御装置５０は、第１の圧力測定装置１６により測定された圧力と第２の圧力測定装置１７により測定された圧力との圧力差に基づいて、圧力差が所定の閾値を超えた場合に、洗浄開閉装置３２と第１の開閉装置１９を開放し、第２の開閉装置２０と上流開閉装置２１を閉鎖した状態で、ポンプ１８を逆回転させて、洗浄液貯留部３０の洗浄液を洗浄ライン３１及び第２のライン１３を通じて濾過膜７０に供給させることができる。 Specifically, for example, based on the pressure difference between the pressure measured by the first pressure measurement device 16 and the pressure measured by the second pressure measurement device 17, the control device 50 determines that the pressure difference has a predetermined threshold value. The pump 18 is reversely rotated in a state where the cleaning opening and closing device 32 and the first opening and closing device 19 are opened and the second opening and closing device 20 and the upstream opening and closing device 21 are closed. Can be supplied to the filtration membrane 70 through the cleaning line 31 and the second line 13.
濃縮システム６０は、濃縮器１１０と、濃縮腹水貯留部としての濃縮腹水バッグ１１１と、濃縮ライン１１２と、排水ライン１１３と、循環ライン１１４と、濃縮ポンプ１１５と、循環ポンプ１１６と、第３の圧力測定装置１１７と、第４の圧力測定装置１１８等を有している。 The concentration system 60 includes a concentrator 110, a concentrated ascites bag 111 as a concentrated ascites reservoir, a concentration line 112, a drainage line 113, a circulation line 114, a concentration pump 115, a circulation pump 116, and a third. It has a pressure measuring device 117, a fourth pressure measuring device 118 and the like.
濃縮器１１０は、例えば円筒形状を有している。濃縮器１１０は、長手方向の両端部に通液口１１０ａ、１１０ｂを有し、側面に２つの通液口１１０ｃ、１１０ｄを有している。例えば濃縮器１１０の通液口１１０ａには、第２のライン１３が接続されている。 The concentrator 110 has, for example, a cylindrical shape. The concentrator 110 has flow openings 110a and 110b at both ends in the longitudinal direction, and two flow openings 110c and 110d on the side surface. For example, the second line 13 is connected to the liquid passage 110 a of the concentrator 110.
濃縮器１１０は、例えば第２のライン１３から供給された濾過腹水から水分を除去して濾過腹水を濃縮する中空糸膜などの濃縮膜１２０を備えている。濃縮膜１２０の内側領域は、通液口１１０ａ、１１０ｂに通じ、濃縮膜１２０の外側領域は、通液口１１０ｃ、１１０ｄに通じている。なお、本実施の形態において通液口１１０ｄは閉鎖されている。 The concentrator 110 includes, for example, a concentration membrane 120 such as a hollow fiber membrane that removes water from the filtered ascites fluid supplied from the second line 13 to concentrate the filtered ascites fluid. The inner region of the concentration film 120 is in communication with the flow openings 110a and 110b, and the outer region of the concentration film 120 is in communication with the flow openings 110c and 110d. In the present embodiment, the liquid passage port 110d is closed.
濃縮腹水バッグ１１１は、濃縮器１１０で濃縮された濃縮腹水を収容することができる。濃縮ライン１１２は、濃縮器１１０の通液口１１０ｂと濃縮腹水バッグ１１１を接続している。排水ライン１１３は、一端が濃縮器１１０の通液口１１０ｃに接続され、他端が図示しない排水部に接続されている。 The concentrated ascites fluid bag 111 can accommodate the concentrated ascites fluid concentrated in the concentrator 110. The concentration line 112 connects the liquid passage 110 b of the concentrator 110 and the concentrated ascites fluid bag 111. One end of the drainage line 113 is connected to the liquid passage 110 c of the concentrator 110, and the other end is connected to a drainage portion (not shown).
循環ライン１１４は、例えば濃縮腹水バッグ１１１と第２のライン１３を接続している。循環ライン１１４は、第２のライン１３の第２の開閉装置２０よりも下流側（濃縮器１１０側）に接続されている。濃縮ライン１１２、排水ライン１１３及び循環ライン１１４には、例えば軟質性のチューブが用いられている。 The circulation line 114 connects, for example, the concentrated ascites fluid bag 111 and the second line 13. The circulation line 114 is connected to the downstream side (concentrator 110 side) of the second switching device 20 of the second line 13. For the concentration line 112, the drainage line 113 and the circulation line 114, for example, flexible tubes are used.
濃縮ポンプ１１５は、例えば濃縮ライン１１２に設けられている。循環ポンプ１１６は、循環ライン１１４に設けられている。濃縮ポンプ１１５及び循環ポンプ１１６には、例えばチューブポンプが用いられている。 The concentration pump 115 is provided, for example, in the concentration line 112. Circulation pump 116 is provided in circulation line 114. For the concentration pump 115 and the circulation pump 116, for example, a tube pump is used.
第３の圧力測定装置１１７は、例えば第２のライン１３に設けられ、濃縮器１１０の濃縮膜１２０の一次側（入口側）の圧力を測定できる。第４の圧力測定装置１１８は、排水ライン１１３に設けられ、濃縮器１１０の濃縮膜１２０の二次側（出口側）の圧力を測定できる。第３の圧力測定装置１１７と第４の圧力測定装置１１８の圧力測定結果は、制御装置５０に出力される。制御装置５０は、濃縮システム６０の濃縮ポンプ１１５と、循環ポンプ１１６と、第３の圧力測定装置１１７と、第４の圧力測定装置１１８等の各装置の動作を制御して腹水処理を実行できる。 The third pressure measurement device 117 is provided, for example, in the second line 13 and can measure the pressure on the primary side (inlet side) of the concentration film 120 of the concentrator 110. The fourth pressure measurement device 118 is provided in the drainage line 113, and can measure the pressure on the secondary side (outlet side) of the concentration film 120 of the concentrator 110. The pressure measurement results of the third pressure measuring device 117 and the fourth pressure measuring device 118 are output to the control device 50. The control device 50 can execute ascites treatment by controlling the operation of the concentration pump 115 of the concentration system 60, the circulation pump 116, the third pressure measurement device 117, and the fourth pressure measurement device 118. .
次に、上述の腹水処理装置１を用いて行われる腹水処理について説明する。 Next, ascites treatment performed using the above-described ascites treatment apparatus 1 will be described.
先ず、図１に示すように患者から採取した腹水を収容した腹水バッグ１０が第１のライン１２に接続される。次に、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程が開始される。第１の開閉装置１９が閉鎖され、第２の開閉装置２０及び上流開閉装置２１が開放された状態で、ポンプ１８が正回転し、濃縮ポンプ１１５が作動する。なお、洗浄開閉装置３２は閉鎖した状態を維持し、回収装置４０の回収開閉装置９０を閉鎖、循環ポンプ１１６は停止した状態を維持する。 First, as shown in FIG. 1, an ascites fluid bag 10 containing ascites fluid collected from a patient is connected to a first line 12. Next, filtration and concentration steps of ascites fluid are started. With the first opening / closing device 19 closed and the second opening / closing device 20 and the upstream opening / closing device 21 opened, the pump 18 rotates forward and the concentration pump 115 operates. The cleaning switch 32 is maintained closed, the recovery switch 90 of the recovery device 40 is closed, and the circulating pump 116 is stopped.
これにより、腹水バッグ１０の腹水は、第１のライン１２を通じて濾過器１１に送られる。腹水は、濾過器１１の通液口１１aから濾過膜７０の入口側（内側領域）に流入し、濾過膜７０を通過して、濾過膜７０の出口側（外側領域）に流出する。このとき、腹水から所定の病因物質が除去される。濾過膜７０の出口側に流出した濾過腹水は、濾過器１１から第２のライン１３に流出し、第２のライン１３を通って濃縮器１１０に送られ、濃縮器１１０の濃縮膜１２０の入口側に流入する。ここで、ポンプ１８と濃縮ポンプ１１５との間の圧力差（流量差）により、例えば濾過腹水の一部の水分が、濃縮膜１２０を通過し濃縮膜１２０の出口側に流出する。これにより、濾過腹水から水分が除去され、濾過腹水が濃縮される。濃縮器１１０で濃縮された濃縮腹水は、濃縮ライン１１２を通って濃縮腹水バッグ１１１に収容される。濃縮腹水バッグ１１１に所定量の濃縮腹水が貯留されると、ポンプ１８が停止し、濾過、濃縮工程が終了する。 Thereby, the ascites fluid of the ascites fluid bag 10 is sent to the filter 11 through the first line 12. Ascites fluid flows into the inlet side (inner region) of the filtration membrane 70 from the liquid flow port 11a of the filter 11, passes through the filtration membrane 70, and flows out to the outlet side (outer region) of the filtration membrane 70. At this time, a predetermined etiologic substance is removed from the ascites fluid. The filtered ascites that has flowed out to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 flows from the filter 11 to the second line 13, and is sent to the concentrator 110 through the second line 13, and the inlet of the concentration membrane 120 of the concentrator 110 Flow into the side. Here, due to a pressure difference (flow rate difference) between the pump 18 and the concentration pump 115, for example, a part of water of filtered ascites passes through the concentration membrane 120 and flows out to the outlet side of the concentration membrane 120. Thereby, water is removed from the filtered ascites, and the filtered ascites is concentrated. The concentrated ascites fluid concentrated by the concentrator 110 is stored in the concentrated ascites fluid bag 111 through the concentration line 112. When a predetermined amount of concentrated ascites is stored in the concentrated ascites bag 111, the pump 18 is stopped and the filtration and concentration process is completed.
次に、例えば再濃縮工程が行われる。このとき、図２に示すようにポンプ１８が停止し、第２の開閉装置２０が閉鎖された状態で、循環ポンプ１１６と濃縮ポンプ１１５が作動する。これにより、濃縮腹水バッグ１１１の濃縮腹水が、循環ライン１１４及び第２のライン１３を通じて濃縮器１１０に送られ、濃縮器１１０から濃縮ライン１１２を通って濃縮腹水バッグ１１１に戻され、循環する。こうして濃縮腹水が再濃縮され、所望の濃度の濃縮腹水が生成される。 Next, for example, a reconcentration step is performed. At this time, as shown in FIG. 2, with the pump 18 stopped and the second opening / closing device 20 closed, the circulation pump 116 and the concentration pump 115 operate. Thereby, the concentrated ascites fluid of the concentration ascites bag 111 is sent to the concentrator 110 through the circulation line 114 and the second line 13, and is returned from the concentrator 110 to the concentration ascites bag 111 through the concentration line 112 and circulated. Thus, the concentrated ascites fluid is reconcentrated to produce a desired concentration of ascites fluid.
腹水の濾過、濃縮工程において、第１の圧力測定装置１６、第２の圧力測定装置１７が作動し、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の入口側の圧力、出口側の圧力がモニタリングされている。そして、図３に示すように例えば濾過器１１における濾過膜７０の入口側の圧力Ｐ１と出口側の圧力Ｐ２の圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２）（膜間圧力差）（圧力測定装置１７により測定された圧力に基づいた値）が、所定の閾値Ｄを超えた場合には、濾過膜７０が目詰まりを起こしているとみなされ、上流開閉装置２１が閉鎖され、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程が停止される。なお、閾値Ｄは、実験や計算により予め求められ設定される。図３には、洗浄工程を行う際の主な制御フローを示す。 In the filtration and concentration steps of ascites fluid, the first pressure measuring device 16 and the second pressure measuring device 17 are activated, and the pressure on the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 and the pressure on the outlet side are monitored. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, a pressure difference (P1-P2) between the pressure P1 on the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 and the pressure P2 on the outlet side in the filter 11 (inter-membrane pressure difference) If the pressure (a value based on the pressure) exceeds a predetermined threshold D, it is considered that the filtration membrane 70 is clogged, the upstream opening / closing device 21 is closed, and the ascites filtration / concentration process is stopped Be done. The threshold value D is determined and set in advance by experiment or calculation. FIG. 3 shows a main control flow when performing the cleaning process.
次に、例えば図４に示すように濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側に残存する濾過腹水が回収される（図３の回収工程）。このとき、循環ポンプ１１６が停止し、第２の開閉装置２０が開放され、洗浄開閉装置３２及び上流開閉装置２１が閉鎖された状態で、回収装置４０の回収開閉装置９０を開放し、濃縮ポンプ１１５及びポンプ１８が作動する。このとき、大気が第４のライン１５を通じて濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側に流入し、残存する濾過腹水が第２のライン１３に押し出される。濾過腹水は、第２のライン１３及び濃縮器１１０を通過し濃縮されて濃縮腹水バッグ１１１に収容される。 Next, for example, as shown in FIG. 4, the filtered ascites remaining on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 is recovered (recovery step in FIG. 3). At this time, with the circulation pump 116 stopped, the second opening / closing device 20 opened, and the cleaning opening / closing device 32 and the upstream opening / closing device 21 closed, the recovery opening / closing device 90 of the recovery device 40 is opened. 115 and the pump 18 operate. At this time, the air flows into the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 through the fourth line 15, and the remaining filtered ascites fluid is pushed out into the second line 13. The filtered ascites fluid passes through the second line 13 and the concentrator 110 and is concentrated and stored in the concentrated ascites fluid bag 111.
濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側に流入した気体が、濾過膜７０の出口側の濾過腹水を押し出し、第２のライン１３の気体検出装置９１に到達すると、気体検出装置９１により気体が検出される。気体が検出されると、ポンプ１８及び濃縮ポンプ１１５が停止し、回収開閉装置９０が閉鎖する。 When the gas flowing into the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 pushes out the filtered ascites on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 and reaches the gas detection device 91 of the second line 13, the gas detection device 91 detects the gas Be done. When a gas is detected, the pump 18 and the concentration pump 115 are stopped, and the recovery switch 90 is closed.
次に濾過膜７０の洗浄工程が行われる。図５に示すように洗浄開閉装置３２と第１の開閉装置１９が開放され、第２の開閉装置２０と上流開閉装置２１が閉鎖された状態で、ポンプ１８が逆回転する。これにより、洗浄液貯留部３０の洗浄液が、洗浄ライン３１を通って第２のライン１３に流入し、第２のライン１３を通って濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側に流入する。そして、洗浄液が、濾過膜７０の出口側から濾過膜７０を通って濾過膜７０の入口側に流出する。このとき、濾過膜７０に付着して目詰まりの原因となっていた付着物が、濾過膜７０から離脱する。洗浄液は、付着物とともに濾過器１１の入口側から第３のライン１４に流出し、第３のライン１４を通って排液部に排液される。こうして、濾過膜７０が洗浄される（図３の洗浄工程）。そして、予め設定された所定量の洗浄液が濾過器１１に供給されたところで、ポンプ１８が停止し、濾過膜７０の洗浄工程が終了する。 Next, the step of cleaning the filtration membrane 70 is performed. As shown in FIG. 5, the pump 18 is reversely rotated in a state in which the cleaning opening / closing device 32 and the first opening / closing device 19 are opened and the second opening / closing device 20 and the upstream opening / closing device 21 are closed. Thereby, the cleaning liquid of the cleaning liquid reservoir 30 flows into the second line 13 through the cleaning line 31, and flows into the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 through the second line 13. Then, the washing solution flows from the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 through the filtration membrane 70 to the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70. At this time, the deposit adhering to the filtration membrane 70 and causing the clogging is detached from the filtration membrane 70. The washing liquid flows out from the inlet side of the filter 11 to the third line 14 together with the deposit, and is drained to the drainage through the third line 14. Thus, the filter membrane 70 is washed (washing step in FIG. 3). Then, when the predetermined amount of cleaning liquid set in advance is supplied to the filter 11, the pump 18 is stopped and the cleaning process of the filtration membrane 70 is completed.
濾過膜７０の洗浄工程が終了すると、図１に示すように回収開閉装置９０を閉鎖し、循環ポンプ１１６が停止し、第１の開閉装置１９及び洗浄開閉装置３２が閉鎖され、第２の開閉装置２０と上流開閉装置２１が開放された状態で、ポンプ１８が正回転し、濃縮ポンプ１１５が作動し、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程が再開される。 When the cleaning process of the filtration membrane 70 is completed, the recovery opening / closing device 90 is closed as shown in FIG. 1, the circulation pump 116 is stopped, the first opening / closing device 19 and the cleaning opening / closing device 32 are closed, and the second opening / closing With the device 20 and the upstream opening / closing device 21 open, the pump 18 rotates forward, the concentration pump 115 is activated, and ascites fluid filtration and concentration steps are resumed.
濾過器１１における濾過膜７０の入口側の圧力Ｐ１と出口側の圧力Ｐ２の圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２）が、所定の閾値Ｄを超えるたびに、腹水の濾過、濃縮処工程が停止され、濾過腹水の回収工程と濾過膜７０の洗浄工程が行われる。 Every time the pressure difference (P1-P2) between the pressure P1 on the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 and the pressure P2 on the outlet side in the filter 11 exceeds a predetermined threshold D, the filtration and concentration process of ascites fluid is stopped Ascites fluid recovery process and filtration membrane 70 cleaning process are performed.
なお、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程において、第３の圧力測定装置１１７及び第４の圧力測定装置１１８が作動し、濃縮器１１０の濃縮膜１２０の入口側の圧力、出口側の圧力がモニタリングされる。そして、例えば濃縮器１１０における濃縮膜１２０の入口側の圧力Ｐ３と出口側の圧力Ｐ４の圧力差（Ｐ３−Ｐ４）が、所定の閾値Ｆを超えた場合には、濃縮膜１２０が目詰まりを起こしているとみなされ、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程が停止される。 In the filtration and concentration steps of ascites fluid, the third pressure measuring device 117 and the fourth pressure measuring device 118 operate to monitor the pressure on the inlet side of the concentration membrane 120 of the concentrator 110 and the pressure on the outlet side. . Then, for example, when the pressure difference (P3-P4) between the pressure P3 on the inlet side of the concentration membrane 120 and the pressure P4 on the outlet side in the concentrator 110 exceeds a predetermined threshold F, the concentration membrane 120 clogs. It is considered to be awakening, and ascites fluid filtration and concentration steps are stopped.
本実施の形態によれば、腹水処理装置１が、洗浄液貯留部３０、洗浄ライン３１、洗浄開閉装置３２、第１の圧力測定装置１６、第２の圧力測定装置１７、第１の開閉装置１９、第２の開閉装置２０、上流開閉装置２１、制御装置５０等を有し、制御装置５０が、第２の圧力測定装置１７により測定された圧力Ｐ２に基づいた値（圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２））が所定の閾値Ｄを超えた場合に、洗浄開閉装置３２と第１の開閉装置１９を開放し、第２の開閉装置２０と上流開閉装置２１を閉鎖した状態で、ポンプ１８を逆回転させて、洗浄液貯留部３０の洗浄液を洗浄ライン３１と第２のライン１３を通じて濾過膜７０に供給させている。これにより、濾過膜７０の洗浄のタイミングを正確に把握し、なおかつ自動で濾過膜７０の洗浄を行うことができる。 According to the present embodiment, the ascites processing apparatus 1 includes the cleaning fluid storage unit 30, the washing line 31, the washing opening and closing device 32, the first pressure measuring device 16, the second pressure measuring device 17, and the first opening and closing device 19 , The second opening / closing device 20, the upstream opening / closing device 21, the control device 50, etc., and the control device 50 is a value based on the pressure P2 measured by the second pressure measuring device 17 (pressure difference (P1-P2 )) Reverses the rotation of the pump 18 in a state in which the cleaning switchgear 32 and the first switchgear 19 are opened and the second switchgear 20 and the upstream switchgear 21 are closed when the predetermined threshold D is exceeded. The cleaning solution of the cleaning solution reservoir 30 is supplied to the filtration membrane 70 through the cleaning line 31 and the second line 13. As a result, the timing for cleaning the filtration membrane 70 can be accurately grasped, and the filtration membrane 70 can be cleaned automatically.
腹水処理装置１が、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側に残存する濾過腹水を第２のライン１３を通じて回収する回収装置４０を備えているので、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側に残存する濾過腹水を、濾過膜７０の洗浄が開始される前に回収できる。このため、濾過膜７０の洗浄の際に濾過腹水が無駄になることを防止できる。 As the ascites fluid treatment apparatus 1 is provided with a recovery device 40 for recovering the filtered ascites remaining on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 through the second line 13, the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 The remaining filtered ascites fluid can be recovered before washing of the filter membrane 70 is initiated. For this reason, it can prevent that filtration ascites fluid is wasted at the time of cleaning of filtration membrane 70.
回収装置４０は、濾過膜７０の出口側に連通する回収ラインとしての第４のライン１５と、第４のライン１５に設けられた回収開閉装置９０を有するので、濾過器１１に残存した濾過腹水の回収を好適に行うことができる。 Since the recovery device 40 includes the fourth line 15 as a recovery line communicating with the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 and the recovery opening / closing device 90 provided in the fourth line 15, the filtered ascites remaining in the filter 11 Can be suitably recovered.
濾過膜７０の出口側に供給される流体が気体であり、第２のライン１３には、気体検出装置９１が設けられているので、気体を用いて簡単に濾過腹水の回収を行うことができる。また気体が第２のライン１３の下流側、例えば濃縮器１１０や濃縮腹水バッグ１１１に入り込むことを防止できる。 The fluid supplied to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is a gas, and the second line 13 is provided with the gas detection device 91. Therefore, the filtered ascites can be easily recovered using the gas. . Further, the gas can be prevented from entering the downstream side of the second line 13, for example, the concentrator 110 and the concentrated ascites bag 111.
濾過膜７０が中空糸膜であり、濾過膜７０の入口側が中空糸膜の内側領域であり、濾過膜７０の出口側が中空糸膜の外側領域である（内圧式濾過）ので、腹水を中空糸膜の内側領域から外側領域に流出させて、腹水の濾過を効果的に行うことができる。 Since the filtration membrane 70 is a hollow fiber membrane, the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane, and the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane (internal pressure filtration) The ascites can be effectively filtered by flowing from the inner area of the membrane to the outer area.
腹水処理装置１は、第２のライン１３の濾過腹水を濃縮する濃縮システム６０を備えているので、腹水の濾過と濃縮を好適に行うことができる。 Since the ascites fluid treatment apparatus 1 includes the concentration system 60 for concentrating the filtered ascites fluid in the second line 13, it is possible to preferably perform the filtration and concentration of ascites fluid.
また、濃縮システム６０は、濃縮腹水を貯留する濃縮腹水バッグ１１１と、濃縮腹水バッグ１１１の濃縮腹水を第２のライン１３に戻す循環ライン１１４とをさらに備えているので、濃縮腹水の再濃縮を行い、所望の濃縮率の濃縮腹水を生成できる。 In addition, since the concentration system 60 further includes a concentrated ascites bag 111 for storing concentrated ascites, and a circulation line 114 for returning the concentrated ascites of the concentrated ascites bag 111 to the second line 13, reconcentrating the concentrated ascites It is possible to produce concentrated ascites fluid with a desired concentration rate.
（第２の実施の形態）
上記第１の実施の形態は、濾過膜７０の入口側が中空糸膜の内側領域であり、濾過膜７０の出口側が中空糸膜の外側領域（内圧式濾過）であったが、濾過膜の出口側が中空糸膜の内側領域であり、濾過膜の入口側が中空糸膜の外側領域（外圧式濾過）であってもよい。かかる場合の一例を第２の実施の形態として説明する。
Second Embodiment
In the first embodiment, the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane, and the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane (internal pressure type filtration). The side may be the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane, and the inlet side of the filtration membrane may be the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane (external pressure filtration). An example of such a case will be described as a second embodiment.
図６は、第２の実施の形態における腹水処理装置１の構成の概略を示す。腹水処理装置１において、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の外側領域（入口側）は、通液口１１ｃ、１１ｄに通じ、濾過膜７０の内側領域（出口側）は、通液口１１a、１１ｂに通じている。 FIG. 6 shows an outline of the configuration of the ascites treatment apparatus 1 according to the second embodiment. In the ascites fluid processing apparatus 1, the outer region (inlet side) of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 is in communication with the flow openings 11c and 11d, and the inner region (outlet side) of the filtration membrane 70 is in the flow openings 11a and 11b. I am connected.
第１のライン１２の下流側の端部は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ｄに接続されている。第２のライン１３の上流側の端部は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ａに接続されている。第３のライン１４は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ｃに接続され、第４のライン１５は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ｂに接続されている。第１の圧力測定装置１６は、第１のライン１２に設けられ、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の入口側（外側領域）の圧力を測定する。第２の圧力測定装置１７は、第２のライン１３に設けられ、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側（内側領域）の圧力を測定する。なお、第２の実施の形態における腹水処理装置１のその他の構成は、第１の実施の形態と同様であるので、同じ符号を用いて説明を省略する。 The downstream end of the first line 12 is connected to the liquid passage 11 d of the filter 11. The upstream end of the second line 13 is connected to the liquid passage port 11 a of the filter 11. The third line 14 is connected to the passage 11 c of the filter 11, and the fourth line 15 is connected to the passage 11 b of the filter 11. The first pressure measuring device 16 is provided in the first line 12 and measures the pressure on the inlet side (outside region) of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11. The second pressure measuring device 17 is provided in the second line 13 and measures the pressure on the outlet side (inner region) of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11. In addition, since the other structure of the ascites processing apparatus 1 in 2nd Embodiment is the same as that of 1st Embodiment, it abbreviate | omits description using the same code | symbol.
そして、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程の際には、回収開閉装置９０が閉鎖され、循環ポンプ１１６が停止し、第１の開閉装置１９と洗浄バルブ３２が閉鎖され、第２の開閉装置２０及び上流開閉装置２１が開放された状態で、ポンプ１８が正回転し、濃縮ポンプ１１５が作動する。腹水バッグ１０の腹水は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ｄから、中空糸膜の外側領域である濾過膜７０の入口側に流入し、濾過膜７０の外側から内側に流入して濾過される。濾過膜７０を通過した濾過腹水は、通液口１１ａから第２のライン１３に流出して、濃縮システム６０に送られ、濃縮される。また、再濃縮工程では、第２の開閉装置２０が閉鎖され、循環ポンプ１１６が作動し、濃縮腹水バッグ１１１の濃縮腹水が、循環ライン１１４及び第２のライン１３を通じて濃縮器１１０に送られ、濃縮器１１０から濃縮ライン１１２を通って濃縮腹水バッグ１１１に戻され、循環する。こうして濃縮腹水が再濃縮される。 Then, in the filtration and concentration steps of ascites fluid, the recovery switching device 90 is closed, the circulation pump 116 is stopped, the first switching device 19 and the cleaning valve 32 are closed, and the second switching device 20 and the upstream With the open / close device 21 open, the pump 18 rotates forward and the concentration pump 115 operates. The ascites fluid of the ascites fluid bag 10 flows from the liquid passage 11 d of the filter 11 to the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 which is the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane, and flows from the outside to the inside of the filtration membrane 70 and is filtered. The filtered ascites fluid which has passed through the filtration membrane 70 flows out from the liquid inlet 11a to the second line 13, and is sent to the concentration system 60 to be concentrated. Further, in the reconcentration step, the second opening / closing device 20 is closed, the circulation pump 116 is operated, and concentrated ascites fluid of the concentration ascites bag 111 is sent to the concentrator 110 through the circulation line 114 and the second line 13 From the concentrator 110 through the concentration line 112, it is returned to the concentrated ascites bag 111 and circulated. Thus, the concentrated ascites fluid is reconcentrated.
腹水の濾過、濃縮工程において、第１の圧力測定装置１６により測定された濾過膜７０の入口側（外側領域）の圧力Ｐ１と第２の圧力測定装置１７により測定された濾過膜７０の出口側（内側領域）の圧力Ｐ２の圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２）（圧力測定装置１７により測定された圧力に基づいた値）が、所定の閾値Ｄを超えた場合には、濾過腹水の回収工程、濾過膜７０の洗浄工程が開始される。 The pressure P1 on the inlet side (outer region) of the filtration membrane 70 measured by the first pressure measurement device 16 and the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 measured by the second pressure measurement device 17 in the filtration and concentration steps of ascites fluid When the pressure difference (P1-P2) (the value based on the pressure measured by the pressure measuring device 17) of the pressure P2 in the (inner region) exceeds a predetermined threshold D, a step of collecting filtered ascites, filtration The cleaning process of the membrane 70 is started.
濾過腹水の回収工程では、図７に示すように循環ポンプ１１６が停止し、第１の開閉装置１９、上流開閉装置２０及び洗浄開閉装置３２が閉鎖され、第２の開閉装置２０が開放された状態で、回収開閉装置９０が閉鎖され、ポンプ１８及び濃縮ポンプ１１５が作動し、大気が第４のライン１５を通じて濾過器１１の通液口１１ｂから濾過膜７０の出口側（内側領域）に流入し、残存する濾過腹水が通液口１１ａから第２のライン１３に押し出される。第２のライン１３に押し出された濾過腹水は、濃縮器１１０を通過して濃縮され、濃縮腹水バッグ１１１に収容される。 In the process of collecting filtered ascites fluid, as shown in FIG. 7, the circulation pump 116 is stopped, the first opening / closing device 19, the upstream opening / closing device 20 and the cleaning opening / closing device 32 are closed, and the second opening / closing device 20 is opened. In the state, the recovery switching device 90 is closed, the pump 18 and the concentration pump 115 are operated, and the atmosphere flows from the liquid passage port 11b of the filter 11 to the outlet side (inner region) of the filtration membrane 70 through the fourth line 15. As a result, the remaining filtered ascites fluid is pushed out to the second line 13 from the liquid inlet 11a. The filtered ascites fluid extruded into the second line 13 passes through the concentrator 110 and is concentrated and stored in the concentrated ascites fluid bag 111.
濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側に流入した気体が第２のライン１３の気体検出装置９１に到達し、気体検出装置９１により気体が検出されると、ポンプ９０、ポンプ１８及び濃縮ポンプ１１５が停止される。 When the gas flowing into the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 reaches the gas detection device 91 of the second line 13 and the gas detection device 91 detects the gas, the pump 90, the pump 18, and the concentration pump 115 Is stopped.
次の濾過膜７０の洗浄工程では、図８に示すように回収開閉装置９０が閉鎖し、洗浄開閉装置３２と第１の開閉装置１９が開放され、第２の開閉装置２０と上流開閉装置２１が閉鎖された状態で、ポンプ１８が逆回転される。これにより、洗浄液貯留部３０の洗浄液が、洗浄ライン３１を通って第２のライン１３に流入し、第２のライン１３を通って濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側（内側領域）に流入する。この洗浄液は、濾過膜７０の出口側から濾過膜７０を通って濾過膜７０の入口側（外側領域）に流出し、濾過器１１の通液口１１ｃから第３のライン１４に排出され、第３のライン１４を通って排液部に排液される。こうして、濾過膜７０が洗浄される。所定量の洗浄液が濾過器１１に供給されると、ポンプ１８が停止し、洗浄開閉装置３２が閉鎖されて、濾過膜７０の洗浄工程が終了する。 In the next cleaning process of the filtration membrane 70, as shown in FIG. 8, the recovery opening / closing device 90 is closed, the cleaning opening / closing device 32 and the first opening / closing device 19 are opened, and the second opening / closing device 20 and the upstream opening / closing device 21. In the closed state, the pump 18 is reversely rotated. Thereby, the cleaning liquid of the cleaning liquid reservoir 30 flows into the second line 13 through the cleaning line 31, and flows into the outlet side (inner region) of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 through the second line 13. Do. The cleaning solution flows from the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 through the filtration membrane 70 to the inlet side (outer region) of the filtration membrane 70, and is discharged from the flow passage 11c of the filter 11 to the third line 14, The water is drained to the drainage section through the line 14 of FIG. Thus, the filtration membrane 70 is washed. When a predetermined amount of washing liquid is supplied to the filter 11, the pump 18 is stopped, the washing opening / closing device 32 is closed, and the washing process of the filtration membrane 70 is completed.
濾過膜７０の洗浄工程が終了すると、回収開閉装置９０を閉鎖し、循環ポンプ１１６が停止し、第１の開閉装置１９が閉鎖され、第２の開閉装置２０と上流開閉装置２１が開放された状態で、ポンプ１８が正回転し、濃縮ポンプ１１５が作動し、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程が再開される。 When the cleaning process of the filtration membrane 70 is completed, the recovery opening / closing device 90 is closed, the circulation pump 116 is stopped, the first opening / closing device 19 is closed, and the second opening / closing device 20 and the upstream opening / closing device 21 are opened. In this state, the pump 18 rotates forward, the concentration pump 115 is activated, and ascites fluid filtration and concentration steps are resumed.
本実施の形態によれば、第１の実施の形態と同様に濾過膜７０の洗浄のタイミングを正確に把握し、なおかつ自動で濾過膜７０の洗浄を行うことができる。また、濾過膜７０の入口側が中空糸膜の内側領域であり、濾過膜７０の出口側が中空糸膜の外側領域であるので、洗浄液を中空糸膜の内側領域から外側領域に流出させて、濾過膜７０の洗浄を効果的に行うことができる。 According to the present embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the timing for washing the filtration membrane 70 can be accurately grasped, and furthermore, the filtration membrane 70 can be washed automatically. Further, since the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane and the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane, the washing solution is allowed to flow out from the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane to the outer region Cleaning of the membrane 70 can be performed effectively.
（第１及び第２の実施の形態の他の態様）
以上の第１の実施の形態及び第２の実施の形態において、図９及び図１０に示すように濾過膜７０の洗浄工程の際に、制御装置５０は、第１の開閉装置１９と第２の開閉装置２０と上流開閉装置２１と回収開閉装置９０を閉鎖した状態で、ポンプ１８を逆回転させ、洗浄液を濾過膜７０の出口側に供給させ濾過膜７０の出口側の圧力を所定の圧力Ｂ以上に上昇させ、その後第１の開閉装置１９を開放して洗浄液を濾過膜７０に通過させるようにしてもよい（パルス洗浄）。このとき、濾過膜７０の出口側の圧力は、第２の圧力測定装置１７によりモニタリングされ、第２の圧力測定装置１７により測定された圧力が、所定の値Ｂ以上になったときに、第１の開閉装置１９が開放される。こうすることにより、濾過膜７０に付着した付着物が、濾過膜７０から剥がれやすくなり、濾過膜７０の洗浄が効果的に行われる。なお、第１の開閉装置１９が開放される際の濾過膜７０の出口側の所定の圧力の値Ｂは、例えば２００ｍｍＨｇ以上に設定される。
(Other Aspects of First and Second Embodiments)
In the first and second embodiments described above, as shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the control device 50 performs the first opening / closing device 19 and the second opening / closing device 19 in the cleaning step of the filtration membrane 70. With the open / close device 20, the upstream open / close device 21 and the recovery open / close device 90 closed, the pump 18 is reversely rotated to supply the cleaning liquid to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 to make the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 a predetermined pressure The cleaning solution may be allowed to pass through the filtration membrane 70 by raising the pressure to B or more and then opening the first opening / closing device 19 (pulse cleaning). At this time, the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is monitored by the second pressure measuring device 17, and when the pressure measured by the second pressure measuring device 17 becomes a predetermined value B or more, The first switching device 19 is opened. By doing this, the deposit attached to the filtration membrane 70 is easily peeled off from the filtration membrane 70, and the filtration membrane 70 is effectively washed. The value B of the predetermined pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 when the first opening / closing device 19 is opened is set to, for example, 200 mmHg or more.
さらに、制御装置５０は、上述の濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側の圧力を所定の値Ｂ以上に上昇させ、その後洗浄液を濾過膜７０に通過させること（パルス洗浄）を、複数回繰り返すようにしてもよい（繰り返しパルス洗浄）。このとき、第１の開閉装置１９を開放して洗浄液を濾過膜７０に通過させた後、第１の開閉装置１９を閉鎖し、ポンプ１８を逆回転させ、洗浄液貯留部３０の洗浄液を洗浄ライン３１と第２のライン１３を通じて濾過膜７０の出口側に供給して、再び、濾過膜７０の出口側の圧力を所定の値Ｂ以上に上昇させる。かかる例によれば、濾過膜７０の洗浄をさらに効果的に行うことができる。なお、パルス洗浄の回数は、例えば１回以上が好ましい。 Furthermore, the controller 50 increases the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 described above to a predetermined value B or more, and then repeats passing the cleaning liquid through the filtration membrane 70 (pulse cleaning) a plurality of times. It may be done (repeated pulse washing). At this time, after the first opening and closing device 19 is opened to pass the cleaning solution through the filtration membrane 70, the first opening and closing device 19 is closed and the pump 18 is reversely rotated to clean the cleaning solution of the cleaning solution reservoir 30 The pressure is supplied to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 through the third line 31 and the second line 13, and the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is raised again to a predetermined value B or more. According to this example, the filtration of the filtration membrane 70 can be performed more effectively. The number of times of pulse cleaning is preferably, for example, one or more.
制御装置５０は、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側の圧力を所定の値Ｂ以上に上昇させ、その後洗浄液を濾過膜７０を通過させることを複数回繰り返した（繰り返しパルス洗浄）後、図５及び図８に示したように洗浄開閉装置３２と第１の開閉装置１９を開放し、第２の開閉装置２０と上流開閉装置２１を閉鎖した状態で、ポンプ１８により洗浄液を濾過膜７０の出口側に供給させ濾過膜７０の出口側の圧力を所定の圧力Ｂ以上に上昇させずに洗浄液を濾過膜７０に通過させる（連続洗浄）。こうすることにより、濾過膜７０から剥離した付着物を、濾過器１１内に滞留させることなく確実に濾過器１１から排出することができる。この連続洗浄は、例えば濾過器１１の一次側のプライミングボリューム以上行うとよい。 The controller 50 increases the pressure on the outlet side of the filter membrane 70 of the filter 11 to a predetermined value B or more, and then repeatedly passes the washing solution through the filter membrane 70 (repeated pulse washing), as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 8, with the cleaning switchgear 32 and the first switchgear 19 opened and the second switchgear 20 and the upstream switchgear 21 closed, the pump 18 is used to The cleaning solution is passed through the filtration membrane 70 without being supplied to the outlet side and the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is not increased to a predetermined pressure B or more (continuous cleaning). By doing this, the deposits separated from the filter membrane 70 can be reliably discharged from the filter 11 without staying in the filter 11. This continuous cleaning may be performed, for example, more than the priming volume on the primary side of the filter 11.
以上の実施の形態において、さらに、濾過膜７０の洗浄工程を行う前の腹水の濾過、濃縮工程において、制御装置５０は、濾過器１１における濾過膜７０の入口側の圧力Ｐ１と出口側の圧力Ｐ２の圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２）が、所定の閾値Ｄを超えた場合の初めの少なくとも１回は、ポンプ１８の正回転の流量を減らして腹水の濾過器１１への供給を継続し、その後圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２）が閾値Ｄを超えた場合に、回収工程及び洗浄工程に移行し、洗浄工程においてポンプ１８を逆回転させ、第２の開閉装置２０と上流開閉装置２１を閉鎖し、第１の開閉装置１９と洗浄開閉装置３２を開放した状態で、洗浄液を濾過膜７０に供給させるようにしてもよい。図１１に示すようにポンプ１８の流量Ｑを減らすと、濾過膜７０の圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２）が一旦小さくなり、濾過膜７０の負担が低減される。よって、かかる場合、濾過膜７０の洗浄工程の実行を遅らせ、洗浄工程の回数や、洗浄工程にかかるトータルの時間を減らすことができる。よって、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程を効率的に行うことができる。 In the above embodiment, the controller 50 further controls the pressure P1 on the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 and the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 in the filtration and concentration steps of the ascites fluid before the filtration membrane 70 is washed. At least the first time when the pressure difference of P2 (P1-P2) exceeds the predetermined threshold D, the flow rate of positive rotation of the pump 18 is reduced to continue the supply of ascites to the filter 11, and thereafter When the pressure difference (P1-P2) exceeds the threshold D, the process proceeds to the recovery step and the washing step, and the pump 18 is reversely rotated in the washing step to close the second opening / closing device 20 and the upstream opening / closing device 21; The washing liquid may be supplied to the filtration membrane 70 in a state where the first opening and closing device 19 and the washing opening and closing device 32 are opened. As shown in FIG. 11, when the flow rate Q of the pump 18 is reduced, the pressure difference (P1-P2) of the filtration membrane 70 once decreases, and the load on the filtration membrane 70 is reduced. Therefore, in such a case, the execution of the washing process of the filtration membrane 70 can be delayed, and the number of washing processes and the total time required for the washing process can be reduced. Therefore, the filtration and concentration steps of ascites can be performed efficiently.
さらに、制御装置５０は、圧力差（Ｐ１―Ｐ２）に基づきポンプ１８の減速を繰り返し、ポンプ１８の流量Ｑが所定の最低流量Ｌに到達し、圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２）が閾値Ｄを超えた場合に、回収工程及び洗浄工程に移行し、洗浄工程において第２の開閉装置２０、上流開閉装置２１を閉鎖し、第１の開閉装置１９、洗浄開閉装置３２を開放した状態で、ポンプ１８を逆転させることにより洗浄液を濾過膜７０に供給させるようにしてもよい。かかる場合、さらに洗浄工程の実行を遅らせることでトータルの時間を減らすと共に、有用物質の排出を最低限に抑えることができる。なお、有用物質の排出を最低限に抑える手法として、ポンプ１８の正転を停止する前に、最低量の腹水を処理するようにしてもよい。かかる場合、過度なろ過と洗浄の繰り返しにより有用物質が排出されることを防ぐことができる。 Furthermore, the controller 50 repeats deceleration of the pump 18 based on the pressure difference (P1-P2), the flow rate Q of the pump 18 reaches a predetermined minimum flow rate L, and the pressure difference (P1-P2) exceeds the threshold D If it is the case, the process proceeds to the recovery step and the cleaning step, and in the cleaning step, the second opening / closing device 20 and the upstream opening / closing device 21 are closed, and the first opening / closing device 19 and the cleaning opening / closing device 32 are opened. The cleaning liquid may be supplied to the filter membrane 70 by reversing the In such a case, further delaying the execution of the washing step can reduce the total time and minimize the discharge of useful substances. As a method of minimizing the discharge of the useful substance, a minimum amount of ascites may be treated before stopping the forward rotation of the pump 18. In such a case, the repeated use of excessive filtration and washing can prevent the useful substance from being discharged.
第１及び第２の実施の形態では、循環ライン１１４が第２のライン１３におけるポンプ１８の下流側に接続されていたが、例えば図１２に示すように循環ライン１１４が第２のライン１３におけるポンプ１８の上流側に接続されていてもよい。循環ライン１１４は、ポンプ１８と濾過器１１との間に接続される。循環ライン１１４には、循環ポンプ１１６の代わりに、循環開閉装置１３０が設けられる。循環開閉装置１３０には、例えば開閉バルブが用いられる。また第２のライン１３における循環ライン１１４の接続位置と濾過器１１との間には、開閉装置１３１が設けられる。開閉装置１３１には、例えば開閉バルブが用いられる。 In the first and second embodiments, the circulation line 114 is connected to the downstream side of the pump 18 in the second line 13. For example, as shown in FIG. 12, the circulation line 114 is in the second line 13. It may be connected to the upstream side of the pump 18. The circulation line 114 is connected between the pump 18 and the filter 11. In the circulation line 114, a circulation switchgear 130 is provided instead of the circulation pump 116. For example, an open / close valve is used for the circulation open / close device 130. In addition, an open / close device 131 is provided between the connection position of the circulation line 114 in the second line 13 and the filter 11. For example, an open / close valve is used as the open / close device 131.
この場合、例えば腹水の濾過、濃縮工程では、濃縮腹水バッグ１１１の濃縮腹水が循環ライン１１４に流れ込まないように循環開閉装置１３０が閉鎖され、開閉装置１３１、第２の開閉装置２０は開放している。再濃縮工程では、図１３に示すように循環開閉装置１３０及び第２の開閉装置２０が開放され、開閉装置１３１が閉鎖し、濃縮腹水バッグ１１１の濃縮腹水が、ポンプ１８と濃縮ポンプ１１５により、循環ライン１１４、第２のライン１３、濃縮器１１０、濃縮ライン１１２及び濃縮腹水バッグ１１１を順に流れて循環する。洗浄工程では、図１４に示すように開閉装置１３１、洗浄開閉装置３２が開放され、洗浄液が循環ライン１１４に流れ込まないように循環開閉装置１３０が閉鎖され、洗浄液が濃縮器１１側に流れ込まないように第２の開閉装置２０が閉鎖されている。かかる例によれば、循環ポンプ１１６が不要になるので、安価で構成が単純な腹水処理装置１を実現できる。 In this case, for example, in the filtration and concentration steps of ascites fluid, the circulation switchgear 130 is closed so that the concentrated ascites fluid of the concentrated ascites fluid bag 111 does not flow into the circulation line 114, and the switchgear 131 and the second switchgear 20 are opened. There is. In the re-concentration step, as shown in FIG. 13, the circulation switchgear 130 and the second switchgear 20 are opened, the switchgear 131 is closed, and the concentrated ascites of the concentrated ascites water bag 111 is obtained by the pump 18 and the concentration pump 115 The circulation line 114, the second line 13, the concentrator 110, the concentration line 112, and the concentration ascites bag 111 flow sequentially and circulate. In the cleaning step, as shown in FIG. 14, the opening / closing device 131 and the cleaning opening / closing device 32 are opened, the circulation opening / closing device 130 is closed so that the cleaning solution does not flow into the circulation line 114, and the cleaning solution does not flow into the concentrator 11 side. The second switching device 20 is closed. According to this example, since the circulation pump 116 is not required, the ascites treatment apparatus 1 can be realized at low cost and with a simple configuration.
第１及び第２の実施の形態では、洗浄装置は洗浄開閉装置３２を有するものであったが、ポンプを有するものであってもよい。 In the first and second embodiments, the cleaning device has the cleaning opening / closing device 32, but may have a pump.
上記第１の実施の形態と第２の実施の形態において、洗浄ライン３１が、第２のライン１３におけるポンプ１８の下流側に接続されていたが、洗浄ライン３１が、第２のライン１３におけるポンプ１８の上流側に接続されていてもよい。かかる場合の例を、第３の実施の形態及び第４の実施の形態として説明する。 In the first and second embodiments, the cleaning line 31 is connected to the downstream side of the pump 18 in the second line 13, but the cleaning line 31 is in the second line 13. It may be connected to the upstream side of the pump 18. An example of such a case will be described as the third embodiment and the fourth embodiment.
（第３の実施の形態）
第３の実施の形態における腹水処理装置１は、洗浄ライン３１が第２のライン１３のポンプ１８の上流側に接続され、第２の開閉装置２０を備えておらず、洗浄ポンプを備えている点で第１の実施の形態と異なる。例えば腹水処理装置１は、図１５に示すように腹水貯留部としての腹水バッグ１０と、濾過器１１と、第１のライン１２と、第２のライン１３と、第３のライン１４と、第４のライン１５と、第１の圧力測定装置１６と、第２の圧力測定装置１７と、ポンプ１８と、第１の開閉装置１９と、上流開閉装置２１と、洗浄液貯留部３０と、洗浄ライン３１と、洗浄ポンプ３３と、回収装置４０と、制御装置５０と、濃縮システム６０等を備えている。
Third Embodiment
In the ascites fluid treatment apparatus 1 according to the third embodiment, the washing line 31 is connected to the upstream side of the pump 18 of the second line 13 and does not include the second opening / closing device 20, and includes the washing pump. It differs from the first embodiment in the points. For example, as shown in FIG. 15, the ascites fluid treatment apparatus 1 includes an ascites fluid bag 10 as an ascites fluid reservoir, a filter 11, a first line 12, a second line 13, a third line 14, and a third line. Line 15, the first pressure measuring device 16, the second pressure measuring device 17, the pump 18, the first opening / closing device 19, the upstream opening / closing device 21, the cleaning solution reservoir 30, and the cleaning line 31 includes a cleaning pump 33, a recovery device 40, a control device 50, a concentration system 60, and the like.
濾過器１１は、上記第１の実施の形態と同様に内圧濾過式であり、濾過膜７０の内側領域は、通液口１１ａ、１１ｂに通じ、濾過膜７０の外側領域は、通液口１１ｃ、１１ｄに通じている。第１のライン１２は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ａに接続され、第２のライン１３は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ｃに接続され、第３のライン１４は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ｂに接続され、第４のライン１５は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ｄに接続されている。 The filter 11 is an internal pressure filtration type as in the first embodiment, and the inner region of the filtration membrane 70 is in communication with the flow openings 11a and 11b, and the outer region of the filtration membrane 70 is the flow opening 11c. , To 11d. The first line 12 is connected to the outlet 11 a of the filter 11, the second line 13 is connected to the outlet 11 c of the filter 11, and the third line 14 is connected to the outlet of the filter 11. The fourth line 15 is connected to the liquid port 11 b and is connected to the liquid port 11 d of the filter 11.
第１の圧力測定装置１６は、第１のライン１２に設けられ、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の一次側（入口側）の圧力を測定できる。第２の圧力測定装置１７は、第４のライン１５に設けられ、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の二次側（出口側）の圧力を測定できる。 The first pressure measuring device 16 is provided in the first line 12 and can measure the pressure on the primary side (inlet side) of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11. The second pressure measuring device 17 is provided in the fourth line 15 and can measure the pressure on the secondary side (outlet side) of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11.
ポンプ１８は、第１のライン１２に設けられている。ポンプ１８には、例えばチューブを扱いてチューブ内の腹水を圧送するチューブポンプが用いられている。 The pump 18 is provided in the first line 12. As the pump 18, for example, a tube pump which handles a tube and pumps ascites fluid in the tube is used.
第１の開閉装置１９は、例えば開閉バルブであり、第３のライン１４に設けられている。上流開閉装置２１は、例えば開閉バルブであり、第１のライン１２に設けられている。 The first opening and closing device 19 is, for example, an opening and closing valve, and is provided in the third line 14. The upstream opening / closing device 21 is, for example, an opening / closing valve, and is provided in the first line 12.
洗浄ライン３１は、洗浄液貯留部３０と第２のライン１３を接続している。洗浄ライン３１は、例えば第２のライン１３におけるポンプ１８よりも上流側（濾過器１１側）に接続されている。洗浄ポンプ３３は、例えばチューブポンプであり、洗浄ライン３１に設けられている。洗浄ポンプ３３により洗浄液貯留部３０の洗浄液を洗浄ライン３１及び第２のライン１３を通じて濾過膜７０の出口側に供給しさらに濾過膜７０を通過させて濾過膜７０を洗浄することができる。なお、本実施の形態において、洗浄ポンプ３３、洗浄ライン３１及び洗浄貯留部３０により洗浄装置を構成している。 The cleaning line 31 connects the cleaning solution reservoir 30 and the second line 13. The cleaning line 31 is connected, for example, to the upstream side (filter 11 side) of the pump 18 in the second line 13. The washing pump 33 is, for example, a tube pump, and is provided in the washing line 31. The cleaning solution of the cleaning solution reservoir 30 can be supplied by the cleaning pump 33 to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 through the cleaning line 31 and the second line 13, and the filtration membrane 70 can be further passed to clean the filtration membrane 70. In the present embodiment, the cleaning pump 33, the cleaning line 31, and the cleaning reservoir 30 constitute a cleaning apparatus.
第２のライン１３には、気体検出装置９１が設けられている。気体検出装置９１は、洗浄ライン３１の接続部分よりも上流側（濾過器１１側）に設けられている。 The second line 13 is provided with a gas detector 91. The gas detection device 91 is provided on the upstream side (filter 11 side) of the connection portion of the cleaning line 31.
制御装置５０は、例えばＣＰＵ、メモリ等を有するマイクロコンピュータである。制御装置５０は、ポンプ１８、第１の開閉装置１９、上流開閉装置２１、洗浄ポンプ３３、第１の圧力測定装置１６、第２の圧力測定装置１７、回収装置４０の回収開閉装置９０、気体検出装置９１、濃縮システム６０等の各装置の動作を制御して腹水処理を実行できる。制御装置５０は、例えば予めメモリに記憶されたプログラムを実行して腹水処理を実施できる。 The control device 50 is a microcomputer having, for example, a CPU, a memory, and the like. The control device 50 includes the pump 18, the first opening / closing device 19, the upstream opening / closing device 21, the cleaning pump 33, the first pressure measuring device 16, the second pressure measuring device 17, the recovery opening / closing device 90 of the recovery device 40, gas The ascites treatment can be performed by controlling the operation of each device such as the detection device 91 and the concentration system 60. The control device 50 can execute ascites treatment, for example, by executing a program stored in advance in a memory.
具体的には、例えば制御装置５０は、第１の圧力測定装置１６により測定された圧力と第２の圧力測定装置１７により測定された圧力との圧力差に基づいて、圧力差が所定の閾値を超えた場合に、ポンプ１８を停止させ、第１の開閉装置１９を開放し、上流開閉装置２１を閉鎖した状態で、洗浄ポンプ３３を作動させて、洗浄液貯留部３０の洗浄液を洗浄ライン３１及び第２のライン１３を通じて濾過膜７０に供給させることができる。 Specifically, for example, based on the pressure difference between the pressure measured by the first pressure measurement device 16 and the pressure measured by the second pressure measurement device 17, the control device 50 determines that the pressure difference has a predetermined threshold value. In the state where the pump 18 is stopped, the first opening and closing device 19 is opened, and the upstream opening and closing device 21 is closed, the cleaning pump 33 is operated to clean the cleaning liquid of the cleaning liquid reservoir 30 with the cleaning line 31 And through the second line 13 to the filtration membrane 70.
なお、腹水処理装置１のその他の構成は、第１の実施の形態と同様であるので、同じ符号を用いて説明を省略する。 In addition, since the other structure of the ascites processing apparatus 1 is the same as that of 1st Embodiment, it abbreviate | omits description using the same code | symbol.
次に、上述の腹水処理装置１を用いて行われる腹水処理について説明する。 Next, ascites treatment performed using the above-described ascites treatment apparatus 1 will be described.
先ず、図１５に示すように患者から採取した腹水を収容した腹水バッグ１０が第１のライン１２に接続される。次に、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程が開始される。第１の開閉装置１９が閉鎖され、上流開閉装置２１が開放された状態で、ポンプ１８と濃縮ポンプ１１５が作動する。なお、洗浄ポンプ３３、回収装置４０の回収開閉装置９０を閉鎖し、循環ポンプ１１６は停止した状態を維持する。 First, as shown in FIG. 15, an ascites fluid bag 10 containing ascites fluid collected from a patient is connected to the first line 12. Next, filtration and concentration steps of ascites fluid are started. With the first opening / closing device 19 closed and the upstream opening / closing device 21 opened, the pump 18 and the concentration pump 115 operate. The cleaning pump 33 and the recovery opening / closing device 90 of the recovery device 40 are closed, and the circulation pump 116 is maintained in the stopped state.
これにより、腹水バッグ１０の腹水は、第１のライン１２を通じて濾過器１１に送られる。腹水は、濾過器１１の通液口１１aから濾過膜７０の入口側（内側領域）に流入し、濾過膜７０を通過して、濾過膜７０の出口側（外側領域）に流出する。このとき、腹水から所定の病因物質が除去される。濾過膜７０の出口側に流出した濾過腹水は、濾過器１１から第２のライン１３に流出し、第２のライン１３を通って濃縮器１１０に送られ、濃縮器１１０の濃縮膜１２０の入口側に流入する。ここで、ポンプ１８と濃縮ポンプ１１５との間の圧力差（流量差）により、例えば濾過腹水の一部の水分が、濃縮膜１２０を通過し濃縮膜１２０の出口側に流出する。これにより、濾過腹水から水分が除去され、濾過腹水が濃縮される。濃縮器１１０で濃縮された濃縮腹水は、濃縮ライン１１２を通って濃縮腹水バッグ１１１に収容される。濃縮腹水バッグ１１１に所定量の濃縮腹水が貯留されると、ポンプ１８が停止し、濾過、濃縮工程が終了する。 Thereby, the ascites fluid of the ascites fluid bag 10 is sent to the filter 11 through the first line 12. Ascites fluid flows into the inlet side (inner region) of the filtration membrane 70 from the liquid flow port 11a of the filter 11, passes through the filtration membrane 70, and flows out to the outlet side (outer region) of the filtration membrane 70. At this time, a predetermined etiologic substance is removed from the ascites fluid. The filtered ascites that has flowed out to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 flows from the filter 11 to the second line 13, and is sent to the concentrator 110 through the second line 13, and the inlet of the concentration membrane 120 of the concentrator 110 Flow into the side. Here, due to a pressure difference (flow rate difference) between the pump 18 and the concentration pump 115, for example, a part of water of filtered ascites passes through the concentration membrane 120 and flows out to the outlet side of the concentration membrane 120. Thereby, water is removed from the filtered ascites, and the filtered ascites is concentrated. The concentrated ascites fluid concentrated by the concentrator 110 is stored in the concentrated ascites fluid bag 111 through the concentration line 112. When a predetermined amount of concentrated ascites is stored in the concentrated ascites bag 111, the pump 18 is stopped and the filtration and concentration process is completed.
次に、例えば再濃縮工程が行われる。このとき、図１６に示すようにポンプ１８が停止した状態で、循環ポンプ１１６と濃縮ポンプ１１５が作動する。これにより、濃縮腹水バッグ１１１の濃縮腹水が、循環ライン１１４及び第２のライン１３を通じて濃縮器１１０に送られ、濃縮器１１０から濃縮ライン１１２を通って濃縮腹水バッグ１１１に戻され、循環する。こうして濃縮腹水が再濃縮され、所望の濃度の濃縮腹水が生成される。 Next, for example, a reconcentration step is performed. At this time, the circulation pump 116 and the concentration pump 115 operate with the pump 18 stopped as shown in FIG. Thereby, the concentrated ascites fluid of the concentration ascites bag 111 is sent to the concentrator 110 through the circulation line 114 and the second line 13, and is returned from the concentrator 110 to the concentration ascites bag 111 through the concentration line 112 and circulated. Thus, the concentrated ascites fluid is reconcentrated to produce a desired concentration of ascites fluid.
上述の腹水の濾過、濃縮工程において、第１の圧力測定装置１６、第２の圧力測定装置１７が作動し、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の入口側の圧力、出口側の圧力がモニタリングされている。そして、図３に示したように例えば濾過器１１における濾過膜７０の入口側の圧力Ｐ１と出口側の圧力Ｐ２の圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２）（膜間圧力差）（圧力測定装置１７により測定された圧力に基づいた値）が、所定の閾値Ｄを超えた場合には、濾過膜７０が目詰まりを起こしているとみなされ、ポンプ１８が停止し、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程が停止される。なお、閾値Ｄは、実験や計算により予め求められ設定される。 In the above-described filtration and concentration steps of ascites fluid, the first pressure measuring device 16 and the second pressure measuring device 17 are operated, and the pressure on the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 and the pressure on the outlet side are monitored. There is. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, a pressure difference (P1-P2) (inter-membrane pressure difference) between the pressure P1 on the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 and the pressure P2 on the outlet side in the filter 11 If the pressure (a value based on the applied pressure) exceeds a predetermined threshold D, it is considered that the filtration membrane 70 is clogged, the pump 18 is stopped, and the filtration and concentration steps of ascites are stopped. Ru. The threshold value D is determined and set in advance by experiment or calculation.
次に、例えば図１７に示すように濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側に残存する濾過腹水が回収される（図３の回収工程）。このとき、洗浄ポンプ３３と循環ポンプ１１６が停止し、第１の開閉装置１９及び上流開閉装置２１が閉鎖された状態で、回収装置４０の回収開閉装置９０を開放し、ポンプ１８及び濃縮ポンプ１１５が作動する。このとき、大気が第４のライン１５を通じて濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側に流入し、残存する濾過腹水が第２のライン１３に押し出される。濾過腹水は、第２のライン１３及び濃縮器１１０を通過し濃縮されて濃縮腹水バッグ１１１に収容される。 Next, for example, as shown in FIG. 17, the filtered ascites remaining on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 is recovered (recovery step in FIG. 3). At this time, with the washing pump 33 and the circulation pump 116 stopped and the first opening / closing device 19 and the upstream opening / closing device 21 closed, the recovery opening / closing device 90 of the collection device 40 is opened. Is activated. At this time, the air flows into the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 through the fourth line 15, and the remaining filtered ascites fluid is pushed out into the second line 13. The filtered ascites fluid passes through the second line 13 and the concentrator 110 and is concentrated and stored in the concentrated ascites fluid bag 111.
濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側に流入した気体が、濾過膜７０の出口側の濾過腹水を押し出し、第２のライン１３の気体検出装置９１に到達すると、気体検出装置９１により気体が検出される。気体が検出されると、回収開閉装置９０を閉鎖し、ポンプ１８及び濃縮ポンプ１１５が停止する。 When the gas flowing into the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 pushes out the filtered ascites on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 and reaches the gas detection device 91 of the second line 13, the gas detection device 91 detects the gas Be done. When a gas is detected, the recovery switch 90 is closed, and the pump 18 and the concentration pump 115 are stopped.
次に濾過膜７０の洗浄工程が行われる。図１８に示すようにポンプ１８が停止し、上流開閉装置２１、回収開閉装置９０が閉鎖され、第１の開閉装置１９が開放された状態で、洗浄ポンプ３３が作動する。これにより、洗浄液貯留部３０の洗浄液が、洗浄ライン３１を通って第２のライン１３に流入し、第２のライン１３を通って濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側に流入する。そして、洗浄液が、濾過膜７０の出口側から濾過膜７０を通って濾過膜７０の入口側に流出する。このとき、濾過膜７０に付着して目詰まりの原因となっていた付着物が、濾過膜７０から離脱する。洗浄液は、付着物とともに濾過器１１の入口側から第３のライン１４に流出し、第３のライン１４を通って排液部に排液される。こうして、濾過膜７０が洗浄される（図３の洗浄工程）。そして、予め設定された所定量の洗浄液が濾過器１１に供給されたところで、洗浄ポンプ３３が停止し、濾過膜７０の洗浄工程が終了する。 Next, the step of cleaning the filtration membrane 70 is performed. As shown in FIG. 18, the pump 18 is stopped, the upstream opening / closing device 21 and the recovery opening / closing device 90 are closed, and the first opening / closing device 19 is opened, the washing pump 33 is operated. Thereby, the cleaning liquid of the cleaning liquid reservoir 30 flows into the second line 13 through the cleaning line 31, and flows into the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 through the second line 13. Then, the washing solution flows from the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 through the filtration membrane 70 to the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70. At this time, the deposit adhering to the filtration membrane 70 and causing the clogging is detached from the filtration membrane 70. The washing liquid flows out from the inlet side of the filter 11 to the third line 14 together with the deposit, and is drained to the drainage through the third line 14. Thus, the filter membrane 70 is washed (washing step in FIG. 3). Then, when the predetermined amount of cleaning liquid set in advance is supplied to the filter 11, the cleaning pump 33 is stopped, and the cleaning process of the filtration membrane 70 is completed.
濾過膜７０の洗浄工程が終了すると、図１５に示すように洗浄ポンプ３３及び循環ポンプ１１６が停止し、第１の開閉装置１９が閉鎖され、上流開閉装置２１が開放され、回収開閉装置９０が閉鎖された状態で、ポンプ１８及び濃縮ポンプ１１５が作動し、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程が再開される。 When the washing process of the filtration membrane 70 is completed, as shown in FIG. 15, the washing pump 33 and the circulation pump 116 are stopped, the first opening / closing device 19 is closed, the upstream opening / closing device 21 is opened, and the recovery opening / closing device 90 is In the closed state, the pump 18 and the concentration pump 115 are operated to restart the ascites filtration and concentration process.
濾過器１１における濾過膜７０の入口側の圧力Ｐ１と出口側の圧力Ｐ２の圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２）が、所定の閾値Ｄを超えるたびに、腹水の濾過、濃縮処工程が停止され、濾過腹水の回収工程と濾過膜７０の洗浄工程が行われる。 Every time the pressure difference (P1-P2) between the pressure P1 on the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 and the pressure P2 on the outlet side in the filter 11 exceeds a predetermined threshold D, the filtration and concentration process of ascites fluid is stopped Ascites fluid recovery process and filtration membrane 70 cleaning process are performed.
本実施の形態によれば、腹水処理装置１が、ポンプ１８、洗浄液貯留部３０、洗浄ライン３１、洗浄ポンプ３３、第１の圧力測定装置１６、第２の圧力測定装置１７、第１の開閉装置１９、上流開閉装置２１、制御装置５０等を有し、制御装置５０が、第２の圧力測定装置１７により測定された圧力Ｐ２に基づいた値（圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２））が所定の閾値Ｄを超えた場合に、ポンプ１８を停止させ、上流開閉装置２１を閉鎖し、第１の開閉装置１９を開放した状態で、洗浄ポンプ３３を作動させて、洗浄液貯留部３０の洗浄液を洗浄ライン３１及び第２のライン１３を通じて濾過膜７０に供給させている。これにより、濾過膜７０の洗浄のタイミングを正確に把握し、なおかつ自動で濾過膜７０の洗浄を行うことができる。 According to the present embodiment, the ascites fluid treatment apparatus 1 includes the pump 18, the washing solution storage unit 30, the washing line 31, the washing pump 33, the first pressure measuring device 16, the second pressure measuring device 17, and the first opening and closing. The control device 50 includes the device 19, the upstream opening / closing device 21, the control device 50, and the like, and the control device 50 has a predetermined value (pressure difference (P1-P2)) based on the pressure P2 measured by the second pressure measurement device 17. When the threshold value D is exceeded, the pump 18 is stopped, the upstream opening / closing device 21 is closed, and the first opening / closing device 19 is opened to operate the cleaning pump 33 to clean the cleaning solution in the cleaning solution reservoir 30 The filter membrane 70 is supplied through the line 31 and the second line 13. As a result, the timing for cleaning the filtration membrane 70 can be accurately grasped, and the filtration membrane 70 can be cleaned automatically.
濾過膜７０が中空糸膜であり、濾過膜７０の入口側が中空糸膜の内側領域であり、濾過膜７０の出口側が中空糸膜の外側領域である（内圧式濾過）ので、腹水を中空糸膜の内側領域から外側領域に流出させて、腹水の濾過を効果的に行うことができる。 Since the filtration membrane 70 is a hollow fiber membrane, the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane, and the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane (internal pressure filtration) The ascites can be effectively filtered by flowing from the inner area of the membrane to the outer area.
（第４の実施の形態）
上記第３の実施の形態は、濾過膜７０の入口側が中空糸膜の内側領域であり、濾過膜７０の出口側が中空糸膜の外側領域（内圧式濾過）であったが、濾過膜の出口側が中空糸膜の内側領域であり、濾過膜の入口側が中空糸膜の外側領域（外圧式濾過）であってもよい。かかる場合の一例を第４の実施の形態として説明する。
Fourth Embodiment
In the third embodiment, the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane, and the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane (internal pressure type filtration). The side may be the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane, and the inlet side of the filtration membrane may be the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane (external pressure filtration). An example of such a case will be described as a fourth embodiment.
図１９は、第４の実施の形態における腹水処理装置１の構成の概略を示す。腹水処理装置１において、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の外側領域（入口側）は、通液口１１ｃ、１１ｄに通じ、濾過膜７０の内側領域（出口側）は、通液口１１a、１１ｂに通じている。 FIG. 19 shows the outline of the configuration of the ascites treatment apparatus 1 in the fourth embodiment. In the ascites fluid processing apparatus 1, the outer region (inlet side) of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 is in communication with the flow openings 11c and 11d, and the inner region (outlet side) of the filtration membrane 70 is in the flow openings 11a and 11b. I am connected.
第１のライン１２の下流側の端部は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ｄに接続されている。第２のライン１３の上流側の端部は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ａに接続されている。第３のライン１４は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ｃに接続され、第４のライン１５は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ｂに接続されている。第１の圧力測定装置１６は、第１のライン１２に設けられ、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の入口側（外側領域）の圧力を測定する。第２の圧力測定装置１７は、第４のライン１５に設けられ、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側（内側領域）の圧力を測定する。なお、第４の実施の形態における腹水処理装置１のその他の構成は、第３の実施の形態と同様であるので、同じ符号を用いて説明を省略する。 The downstream end of the first line 12 is connected to the liquid passage 11 d of the filter 11. The upstream end of the second line 13 is connected to the liquid passage port 11 a of the filter 11. The third line 14 is connected to the passage 11 c of the filter 11, and the fourth line 15 is connected to the passage 11 b of the filter 11. The first pressure measuring device 16 is provided in the first line 12 and measures the pressure on the inlet side (outside region) of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11. The second pressure measurement device 17 is provided in the fourth line 15 and measures the pressure on the outlet side (inner region) of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11. In addition, since the other structure of the ascites processing apparatus 1 in 4th Embodiment is the same as that of 3rd Embodiment, it abbreviate | omits description using the same code | symbol.
そして、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程の際には、洗浄ポンプ３３、循環ポンプ１６が停止し、回収開閉装置９０、第１の開閉装置１９が閉鎖され、上流開閉装置２１が開放された状態で、ポンプ１８と濃縮ポンプ１１５が作動する。腹水バッグ１０の腹水は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ｄから、中空糸膜の外側領域である濾過膜７０の入口側に流入し、濾過膜７０の外側から内側に流入して濾過される。濾過膜７０を通過した濾過腹水は、通液口１１ａから第２のライン１３に流出して、濃縮システム６０に送られ、濃縮される。また、再濃縮工程では、ポンプ１８が停止し、循環ポンプ１１６及び濃縮ポンプ１１５が作動し、濃縮腹水バッグ１１１の濃縮腹水が、循環ライン１１４及び第２のライン１３を通じて濃縮器１１０に送られ、濃縮器１１０から濃縮ライン１１２を通って濃縮腹水バッグ１１１に戻され、循環する。こうして濃縮腹水が再濃縮される。 Then, in the filtration and concentration steps of ascites fluid, the washing pump 33 and the circulation pump 16 are stopped, the recovery opening and closing device 90 and the first opening and closing device 19 are closed, and the upstream opening and closing device 21 is opened, The pump 18 and the concentration pump 115 operate. The ascites fluid of the ascites fluid bag 10 flows from the liquid passage 11 d of the filter 11 to the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 which is the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane, and flows from the outside to the inside of the filtration membrane 70 and is filtered. The filtered ascites fluid which has passed through the filtration membrane 70 flows out from the liquid inlet 11a to the second line 13, and is sent to the concentration system 60 to be concentrated. Further, in the reconcentration step, the pump 18 is stopped, the circulation pump 116 and the concentration pump 115 are operated, and the concentrated ascites of the concentrated ascites bag 111 is sent to the concentrator 110 through the circulation line 114 and the second line 13. From the concentrator 110 through the concentration line 112, it is returned to the concentrated ascites bag 111 and circulated. Thus, the concentrated ascites fluid is reconcentrated.
腹水の濾過、濃縮工程において、第１の圧力測定装置１６により測定された濾過膜７０の入口側（外側領域）の圧力Ｐ１と第２の圧力測定装置１７により測定された濾過膜７０の出口側（内側領域）の圧力Ｐ２の圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２）（圧力測定装置１７により測定された圧力に基づいた値）が、所定の閾値Ｄを超えた場合には、濾過腹水の回収工程、濾過膜７０の洗浄工程が開始される。 The pressure P1 on the inlet side (outer region) of the filtration membrane 70 measured by the first pressure measurement device 16 and the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 measured by the second pressure measurement device 17 in the filtration and concentration steps of ascites fluid When the pressure difference (P1-P2) (the value based on the pressure measured by the pressure measuring device 17) of the pressure P2 in the (inner region) exceeds a predetermined threshold D, a step of collecting filtered ascites, filtration The cleaning process of the membrane 70 is started.
濾過腹水の回収工程では、図２０に示すように洗浄ポンプ３３と循環ポンプ１１６が停止し、第１の開閉装置１９と上流開閉装置２１が開放された状態で、回収装置４０の回収開閉装置９０を開放し、ポンプ１８及び濃縮ポンプ１１５が作動し、大気が第４のライン１５を通じて濾過器１１の通液口１１ｂから濾過膜７０の出口側（内側領域）に流入し、残存する濾過腹水が通液口１１ａから第２のライン１３に押し出される。第２のライン１３に押し出された濾過腹水は、濃縮器１１０を通過して濃縮され、濃縮腹水バッグ１１１に収容される。 In the process of collecting filtered ascites fluid, as shown in FIG. 20, the washing pump 33 and the circulation pump 116 are stopped, and the first switching device 19 and the upstream switching device 21 are opened. The pump 18 and the concentration pump 115 are activated, and the atmosphere flows from the liquid inlet 11b of the filter 11 through the fourth line 15 into the outlet side (inner region) of the filtration membrane 70, and the remaining filtered ascites water It is pushed out to the 2nd line 13 from liquid pouring mouth 11a. The filtered ascites fluid extruded into the second line 13 passes through the concentrator 110 and is concentrated and stored in the concentrated ascites fluid bag 111.
濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側に流入した気体が第２のライン１３の気体検出装置９１に到達し、気体検出装置９１により気体が検出されると、回収開閉装置９０を閉鎖、ポンプ１８及び濃縮ポンプ１１５が停止される。 When the gas flowing into the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 reaches the gas detection device 91 of the second line 13 and the gas detection device 91 detects the gas, the recovery opening / closing device 90 is closed, the pump 18 And the concentration pump 115 is stopped.
次の濾過膜７０の洗浄工程では、図２１に示すようにポンプ１８が停止し、回収開閉装置９０を閉鎖し、第１の開閉装置１９が開放され、上流開閉装置２１が閉鎖された状態で、洗浄ポンプ３３が作動する。これにより、洗浄液貯留部３０の洗浄液が、洗浄ライン３１を通って第２のライン１３に流入し、第２のライン１３を通って濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側（内側領域）に流入する。この洗浄液は、濾過膜７０の出口側から濾過膜７０を通って濾過膜７０の入口側（外側領域）に流出し、濾過器１１の通液口１１ｃから第３のライン１４に排出され、第３のライン１４を通って排液部に排液される。こうして、濾過膜７０が洗浄される。所定量の洗浄液が濾過器１１に供給されると、洗浄ポンプ３３が停止し、濾過膜７０の洗浄工程が終了する。 In the next cleaning process of the filtration membrane 70, as shown in FIG. 21, the pump 18 is stopped, the recovery opening / closing device 90 is closed, the first opening / closing device 19 is opened, and the upstream opening / closing device 21 is closed. , The washing pump 33 operates. Thereby, the cleaning liquid of the cleaning liquid reservoir 30 flows into the second line 13 through the cleaning line 31, and flows into the outlet side (inner region) of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 through the second line 13. Do. The cleaning solution flows from the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 through the filtration membrane 70 to the inlet side (outer region) of the filtration membrane 70, and is discharged from the flow passage 11c of the filter 11 to the third line 14, The water is drained to the drainage section through the line 14 of FIG. Thus, the filtration membrane 70 is washed. When a predetermined amount of washing liquid is supplied to the filter 11, the washing pump 33 is stopped, and the washing process of the filtration membrane 70 is completed.
濾過膜７０の洗浄工程が終了すると、第１の開閉装置１９が閉鎖され、上流開閉装置２１が開放され、ポンプ１８と濃縮ポンプ１１５が作動し、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程が再開される。 When the cleaning process of the filtration membrane 70 is completed, the first opening and closing device 19 is closed, the upstream opening and closing device 21 is opened, the pump 18 and the concentration pump 115 are operated, and the ascites fluid filtration and concentration process is restarted.
本実施の形態によれば、第３の実施の形態と同様に濾過膜７０の洗浄のタイミングを正確に把握し、なおかつ自動で濾過膜７０の洗浄を行うことができる。また、濾過膜７０の入口側が中空糸膜の内側領域であり、濾過膜７０の出口側が中空糸膜の外側領域であるので、洗浄液を中空糸膜の内側領域から外側領域に流出させて、濾過膜７０の洗浄を効果的に行うことができる。 According to the present embodiment, as in the third embodiment, the timing for washing the filtration membrane 70 can be accurately grasped, and furthermore, the filtration membrane 70 can be washed automatically. Further, since the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane and the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane, the washing solution is allowed to flow out from the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane to the outer region Cleaning of the membrane 70 can be performed effectively.
（第３及び第４の実施の形態の他の態様）
以上の第３の実施の形態及び第４の実施の形態において、図２２及び図２３に示すように濾過膜７０の洗浄工程の際に、制御装置５０は、ポンプ１８を停止させ、第１の開閉装置１９と上流開閉装置２１を閉鎖した状態で、洗浄ポンプ３３により洗浄液を濾過膜７０の出口側に供給させ濾過膜７０の出口側の圧力を所定の圧力以上に上昇させ、その後第１の開閉装置１９を開放して洗浄液を濾過膜７０に通過させるようにしてもよい（パルス洗浄）。このとき、濾過膜７０の出口側の圧力は、第２の圧力測定装置１７によりモニタリングされ、第２の圧力測定装置１７により測定された圧力が、所定の値Ｂ以上になったときに、第１の開閉装置１９が開放される。こうすることにより、濾過膜７０に付着した付着物が、濾過膜７０から剥がれやすくなり、濾過膜７０の洗浄が効果的に行われる。なお、第１の開閉装置１９が開放される際の濾過膜７０の出口側の所定の圧力の値Ｂは、例えば２００ｍｍＨｇ以上に設定される。
(Other Aspects of Third and Fourth Embodiments)
In the above-described third and fourth embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 22 and 23, the control device 50 stops the pump 18 in the cleaning process of the filtration membrane 70, and the first process is performed. With the opening / closing device 19 and the upstream opening / closing device 21 closed, the cleaning pump 33 supplies the cleaning liquid to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 to raise the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 to a predetermined pressure or higher. The opening and closing device 19 may be opened to allow the cleaning solution to pass through the filtration membrane 70 (pulse cleaning). At this time, the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is monitored by the second pressure measuring device 17, and when the pressure measured by the second pressure measuring device 17 becomes a predetermined value B or more, The first switching device 19 is opened. By doing this, the deposit attached to the filtration membrane 70 is easily peeled off from the filtration membrane 70, and the filtration membrane 70 is effectively washed. The value B of the predetermined pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 when the first opening / closing device 19 is opened is set to, for example, 200 mmHg or more.
さらに、制御装置５０は、上述の濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側の圧力を所定の値Ｂ以上に上昇させ、その後洗浄液を濾過膜７０に通過させること（パルス洗浄）を、複数回繰り返すようにしてもよい（繰り返しパルス洗浄）。このとき、第１の開閉装置１９を開放して洗浄液を濾過膜７０に通過させた後、第１の開閉装置１９を閉鎖し、洗浄液貯留部３０の洗浄液を洗浄ライン３１と第２のライン１３を通じて濾過膜７０の出口側に供給して、再び、濾過膜７０の出口側の圧力を所定の値Ｂ以上に上昇させる。かかる例によれば、濾過膜７０の洗浄をさらに効果的に行うことができる。なお、パルス洗浄の回数は、例えば１回以上が好ましい。 Furthermore, the controller 50 increases the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 described above to a predetermined value B or more, and then repeats passing the cleaning liquid through the filtration membrane 70 (pulse cleaning) a plurality of times. It may be done (repeated pulse washing). At this time, the first opening and closing device 19 is opened to pass the cleaning solution to the filtration membrane 70, and then the first opening and closing device 19 is closed, and the cleaning solution of the cleaning solution reservoir 30 is cleaned by the cleaning line 31 and the second line 13. The pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 is raised again to a predetermined value B or more. According to this example, the filtration of the filtration membrane 70 can be performed more effectively. The number of times of pulse cleaning is preferably, for example, one or more.
制御装置５０は、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側の圧力を所定の値Ｂ以上に上昇させ、その後洗浄液を濾過膜７０を通過させることを複数回繰り返した（繰り返しパルス洗浄）後、図１８及び図２１に示したようにポンプ１８を停止させ、第１の開閉装置１９を開放し、上流開閉装置２１を閉鎖した状態で、洗浄ポンプ３３により洗浄液を濾過膜７０の出口側に供給させ濾過膜７０の出口側の圧力を所定の圧力Ｂ以上に上昇させずに洗浄液を濾過膜７０に通過させる（連続洗浄）。こうすることにより、濾過膜７０から剥離した付着物を、濾過器１１内に滞留させることなく確実に濾過器１１から排出することができる。この連続洗浄は、例えば濾過器１１の一次側のプライミングボリューム以上行うとよい。 The controller 50 increases the pressure on the outlet side of the filter membrane 70 of the filter 11 to a predetermined value B or more, and then repeatedly passes the washing solution through the filter membrane 70 (repeated pulse washing), as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 18 and FIG. 21, the pump 18 is stopped, the first opening and closing device 19 is opened, and the upstream opening and closing device 21 is closed. The washing solution is allowed to pass through the filtration membrane 70 without increasing the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 to a predetermined pressure B or more (continuous washing). By doing this, the deposits separated from the filter membrane 70 can be reliably discharged from the filter 11 without staying in the filter 11. This continuous cleaning may be performed, for example, more than the priming volume on the primary side of the filter 11.
以上の実施の形態において、さらに、濾過膜７０の洗浄工程を行う前の腹水の濾過、濃縮工程において、制御装置５０は、濾過器１１における濾過膜７０の入口側の圧力Ｐ１と出口側の圧力Ｐ２の圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２）が、所定の閾値Ｄを超えた場合の初めの少なくとも１回は、ポンプ１８の流量を減らして腹水の濾過器１１への供給を継続し、その後圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２）が閾値Ｄを超えた場合に、回収工程及び洗浄工程に移行し、洗浄工程においてポンプ１８を停止させ、第１の開閉装置１９を開放し、上流開閉装置２１を閉鎖した状態で、洗浄ポンプ３３により洗浄液を濾過膜７０に供給させるようにしてもよい。図１１に示したようにポンプ１８の流量Ｑを減らすと、濾過膜７０の圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２）が一旦小さくなり、濾過膜７０の負担が低減される。よって、かかる場合、濾過膜７０の洗浄工程の実行を遅らせ、洗浄工程の回数や、洗浄工程にかかるトータルの時間を減らすことができる。よって、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程を効率的に行うことができる。 In the above embodiment, the controller 50 further controls the pressure P1 on the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 and the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 in the filtration and concentration steps of the ascites fluid before the filtration membrane 70 is washed. At least the first time when the pressure difference (P1-P2) of P2 exceeds the predetermined threshold D, the flow rate of the pump 18 is reduced to continue the supply of ascites to the filter 11, and then the pressure difference ((P1-P2) When P1-P2) exceeds the threshold D, the process proceeds to the recovery step and the washing step, and the pump 18 is stopped in the washing step, the first opening and closing device 19 is opened, and the upstream opening and closing device 21 is closed. The cleaning liquid may be supplied to the filtration membrane 70 by the cleaning pump 33. As shown in FIG. 11, when the flow rate Q of the pump 18 is reduced, the pressure difference (P1-P2) of the filtration membrane 70 once decreases, and the load on the filtration membrane 70 is reduced. Therefore, in such a case, the execution of the washing process of the filtration membrane 70 can be delayed, and the number of washing processes and the total time required for the washing process can be reduced. Therefore, the filtration and concentration steps of ascites can be performed efficiently.
さらに制御装置５０は、圧力差（Ｐ１―Ｐ２）に基づきポンプ１８の減速を繰り返し、ポンプ１８の流量Ｑが所定の最低流量Ｌに到達し、圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２）が閾値Ｄを超えた場合に、回収工程及び洗浄工程に移行し、洗浄工程においてポンプ１８を停止させ、上流開閉装置２１を閉鎖し、第１の開閉装置１９を開放した状態で、洗浄ポンプ３３を作動させることにより洗浄液を濾過膜７０に供給させるようにしてもよい。かかる場合、さらに洗浄工程の実行を遅らせることでトータルの時間を減らすと共に、有用物質の排出を最低限に抑えることができる。なお、有用物質の排出を最低限に抑える手法として、ポンプ１８の正転を停止する前に、最低量の腹水を処理するようにしてもよい。かかる場合、過度なろ過と洗浄の繰り返しにより有用物質が排出されることを防ぐことができる。 Furthermore, the controller 50 repeats deceleration of the pump 18 based on the pressure difference (P1-P2), and the flow rate Q of the pump 18 reaches a predetermined minimum flow rate L, and the pressure difference (P1-P2) exceeds the threshold D In this case, the process proceeds to the recovery step and the cleaning step, and the pump 18 is stopped in the cleaning step, the upstream opening / closing device 21 is closed, and the first opening / closing device 19 is opened to operate the cleaning pump 33 May be supplied to the filtration membrane 70. In such a case, further delaying the execution of the washing step can reduce the total time and minimize the discharge of useful substances. As a method of minimizing the discharge of the useful substance, a minimum amount of ascites may be treated before stopping the forward rotation of the pump 18. In such a case, the repeated use of excessive filtration and washing can prevent the useful substance from being discharged.
第３及び第４の実施の形態では、循環ライン１１４が第２のライン１３におけるポンプ１８の下流側に接続されていたが、例えば図２４に示すように循環ライン１１４が第２のライン１３におけるポンプ１８の上流側に接続されていてもよい。循環ライン１１４は、ポンプ１８と洗浄ライン３１の接続位置との間に接続される。循環ライン１１４には、循環ポンプ１１６の代わりに、循環開閉装置１４０が設けられる。循環開閉装置１４０には、例えば開閉バルブが用いられる。 In the third and fourth embodiments, the circulation line 114 is connected to the downstream side of the pump 18 in the second line 13. For example, as shown in FIG. 24, the circulation line 114 is in the second line 13. It may be connected to the upstream side of the pump 18. The circulation line 114 is connected between the pump 18 and the connection position of the washing line 31. In the circulation line 114, a circulation switchgear 140 is provided instead of the circulation pump 116. For example, an open / close valve is used as the circulation open / close device 140.
この場合、例えば腹水の濾過、濃縮工程では、濃縮腹水バッグ１１１の濃縮腹水が循環ライン１１４に流れ込まないように循環開閉装置１４０が閉鎖されている。再濃縮工程では、図２５に示すように循環開閉装置１４０が開放され、濃縮腹水バッグ１１１の濃縮腹水が、ポンプ１８と濃縮ポンプ１１５により、循環ライン１１４、第２のライン１３、濃縮器１１０、濃縮ライン１１２及び濃縮腹水バッグ１１１を順に流れて循環する。洗浄工程では、洗浄液が循環ライン１１４に流れ込まないように循環開閉装置１４０が閉鎖されている。かかる例によれば、循環ポンプ１１６が不要になるので、安価で構成が単純な腹水処理装置１を実現できる。 In this case, for example, in the filtration and concentration steps of ascites fluid, the circulation switchgear 140 is closed so that the concentrated ascites fluid of the concentration ascites fluid bag 111 does not flow into the circulation line 114. In the re-concentration step, as shown in FIG. 25, the circulation switchgear 140 is opened, and the concentrated ascites fluid of the concentration ascites bag 111 is circulated by the pump 18 and the concentration pump 115 to the circulation line 114, the second line 13, the concentrator 110, The concentration line 112 and the concentration ascites bag 111 flow in order and circulate. In the cleaning step, the circulation opening / closing device 140 is closed so that the cleaning liquid does not flow into the circulation line 114. According to this example, since the circulation pump 116 is not required, the ascites treatment apparatus 1 can be realized at low cost and with a simple configuration.
第３及び第４の実施の形態では、洗浄ポンプ３３は洗浄ライン３１上に設けられていたが、洗浄ポンプを第３のライン１４上に設け、洗浄開閉装置３２を洗浄ライン３１上に設けてもよい。 In the third and fourth embodiments, the washing pump 33 is provided on the washing line 31, but the washing pump is provided on the third line 14 and the washing opening / closing device 32 is provided on the washing line 31. It is also good.
（第１〜第４の実施の形態の他の態様）
以上の第１〜第４の実施の形態において、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程において圧力差（Ｐ１−Ｐ２）が閾値Ｄを超えた場合に回収工程に移行していたが、回収工程を行わずに、直接洗浄工程に移行してもよい。
(Other Aspects of First to Fourth Embodiments)
In the first to fourth embodiments described above, the process proceeds to the recovery step when the pressure difference (P1-P2) exceeds the threshold D in the filtration and concentration steps of ascites fluid, but the recovery step is not performed. And may go directly to the washing step.
以上の実施の形態において、腹水の濾過、濃縮工程を終了した後に、再濃縮工程を行っていたが、再濃縮工程は行わなくてもよい。 In the above embodiment, the re-concentration step is performed after the ascitic fluid filtration and concentration steps are completed, but the re-concentration step may not be performed.
以上の第１〜第４の実施の形態において、第１の圧力測定装置１６は、第１のライン１２又は第３のライン１４のいずれかに設けられていてもよい。第２の圧力測定装置１７は、第２のライン１３又は第４のライン１５のいずれかに設けられていてもよい。なお、参考までに、第１の圧力測定装置１６を用いずに、濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の入口側の圧力Ｐ１を、大気圧又は腹水バッグ１０からの落差圧から推定するようにしてもよい。第３のライン１４は、濾過器１１の通液口１１ｂ、１１ｃに接続されていたが、濾過器１１の入口側に連通し、濾過膜７０を通過した洗浄液を排出するものであれば、例えば図２６、図２７に示すように第１のライン１２に接続されていてもよい。このとき第３のライン１４は、第１のライン１２におけるポンプ１８と濾過器１１の間に接続されている。かかる場合、濾過膜７０を通過した洗浄液は、第１のライン１２と第３のライン１４を通って排液部に排液される。 In the first to fourth embodiments described above, the first pressure measurement device 16 may be provided in either the first line 12 or the third line 14. The second pressure measuring device 17 may be provided in either the second line 13 or the fourth line 15. Note that, for reference, the pressure P1 on the inlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 may be estimated from the atmospheric pressure or the pressure drop from the ascites fluid bag 10 without using the first pressure measurement device 16. Good. The third line 14 is connected to the liquid flow ports 11b and 11c of the filter 11, but if it communicates with the inlet side of the filter 11 and discharges the cleaning liquid that has passed through the filtration membrane 70, for example, As shown in FIG. 26 and FIG. 27, it may be connected to the first line 12. At this time, the third line 14 is connected between the pump 18 and the filter 11 in the first line 12. In such a case, the cleaning fluid that has passed through the filtration membrane 70 is drained to the drain through the first line 12 and the third line 14.
回収装置４０は、大気開放された第４のライン１５と、第４のライン１５を開閉する回収開閉装置９０を有するものであったが、他の構成を有するものであってもよい。回収装置４０は、第４のライン１５と、その第４のライン１５に設けられたポンプを有するものであってもよい。かかる場合、第４のライン１５のポンプを作動させることにより、大気が第４のライン１５に流入し、第４のライン１５を通って濾過器１１の濾過膜７０の出口側に送られる。また、回収装置４０は、濾過膜７０の出口側に流体を供給し濾過膜７０の出口側の濾過体腹水を第２のライン１３に押し出すポンプなどの流体供給装置を備えていてもよい。なお、腹水処理装置１は、必ずしも回収装置４０を備えている必要はない。 Although the collection | recovery apparatus 40 had the collection | recovery opening-closing apparatus 90 which opens and closes the 4th line 15 and the 4th line 15 which were open | released air | atmosphere, you may have another structure. The recovery device 40 may have a fourth line 15 and a pump provided in the fourth line 15. In such a case, by operating the pump of the fourth line 15, the atmosphere flows into the fourth line 15 and is sent to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 of the filter 11 through the fourth line 15. In addition, the recovery device 40 may include a fluid supply device such as a pump that supplies fluid to the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 and pushes filter ascites fluid on the outlet side of the filtration membrane 70 into the second line 13. The ascites processing apparatus 1 does not necessarily have to include the recovery apparatus 40.
濾過器１１は、円筒状で４つの通液口を有するものである必要はなく、他の構成を有するものであってもよい。濾過膜７０は、中空糸膜である必要はなく、他の種類の濾過膜であってもよい。 The filter 11 does not have to be cylindrical and has four flow ports, but may have another configuration. The filtration membrane 70 does not have to be a hollow fiber membrane, and may be another type of filtration membrane.
濃縮システム６０の構成も上記実施の形態のものに限られない。例えば濃縮ポンプ１１５は、濃縮ライン１１２に設けられていてもよいし、排水ライン１１３に設けられていてもよい。第４の圧力測定装置１１８は、濃縮ライン１１２に設けられていてもよい。循環ライン１１４は、あってもなくてもよい。さらに、本発明は、濃縮システム６０を備えない腹水処理装置にも適用できる。かかる場合、例えば第２のライン１３に濾過腹水収容部が接続され、濾過器１１を通過した濾過腹水は、第２のライン１３を通って濾過腹水収容部に収容されてもよい。 The configuration of the concentration system 60 is not limited to that of the above embodiment. For example, the concentration pump 115 may be provided in the concentration line 112 or in the drainage line 113. The fourth pressure measuring device 118 may be provided in the concentration line 112. The circulation line 114 may or may not be present. Furthermore, the present invention can also be applied to an ascites treatment apparatus that does not include the concentration system 60. In such a case, for example, the filtered ascites storage unit is connected to the second line 13, and the filtered ascites fluid that has passed through the filter 11 may be stored in the filtered ascites fluid storage unit through the second line 13.
以上の実施の形態において、腹水処理装置１は、腹水バッグ１０の腹水を濾過、濃縮して濃縮腹水バッグ１１１に収容するものであったが、患者から直接第１のライン１２に腹水を取り出し、濾過、濃縮するものであってもよい。また、濾過、濃縮した濃縮腹水を直接患者に戻すものであってもよい。よって、腹水処理装置１は、腹水バッグ１０、濃縮腹水バッグ１１１を備えないものであってもよい。 In the above embodiment, although the ascites treatment apparatus 1 filters and concentrates the ascites of the ascites bag 10 and stores it in the concentrated ascites bag 111, the ascites is taken out directly from the patient to the first line 12, It may be filtered and concentrated. Alternatively, the filtered, concentrated concentrated ascites may be returned directly to the patient. Therefore, the ascites fluid treatment apparatus 1 may not include the ascites fluid bag 10 and the concentrated ascites fluid bag 111.
以上の実施の形態は、本発明を腹水を処理する腹水処理装置１に適用した例であったが、本発明は、胸水などの他の体腔液を処理する体腔液処理装置にも適用できる。 The above embodiment is an example in which the present invention is applied to the ascites processing apparatus 1 for treating ascites, but the present invention is also applicable to a body cavity fluid processing apparatus for treating other body cavity fluids such as pleural fluid.
本発明は、濾過器の洗浄のタイミングを正確に把握し、なおかつ自動で濾過器の洗浄を行うことができる体腔液処理装置を提供する際に有用である。 The present invention is useful in providing a body cavity fluid treatment apparatus capable of accurately grasping the filter cleaning timing and performing the filter cleaning automatically.
１ 腹水処理装置
１０ 腹水バッグ
１１ 濾過器
１２ 第１のライン
１３ 第２のライン
１４ 第３のライン
１５ 第４のライン
１６ 第１の圧力測定装置
１７ 第２の圧力測定装置
１８ ポンプ
１９ 第１の開閉装置
２０ 第２の開閉装置
３０ 洗浄液貯留部
３１ 洗浄ライン
３２ 洗浄開閉装置
３３ 洗浄ポンプ
４０ 回収装置
５０ 制御装置
６０ 濃縮システム
７０ 濾過膜
１１０ 濃縮器
１１１ 濃縮腹水バッグ
１１２ 濃縮ライン
１１３ 排水ライン
１１４ 循環ライン
１１５ 濃縮ポンプ
１１６ 循環ポンプ
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ascites fluid treatment apparatus 10 ascites fluid bag 11 filter 12 1st line 13 2nd line 14 3rd line 15 4th line 16 1st pressure measurement apparatus 17 2nd pressure measurement apparatus 18 pump 19 1st Switchgear 20 Second switchgear 30 Washing liquid reservoir 31 Wash line 32 Wash switchgear 33 Wash pump 40 Recovery device 50 Controller 60 Concentrate system 70 Filter membrane 110 Concentrater 111 Concentrated ascites bag 112 Concentrated line 113 Drainage line 114 Circulating line 115 Concentration pump 116 Circulation pump
Claims (18)
前記濾過器の濾過膜の入口側に連通し、前記濾過膜に体腔液を流す第１のラインと、
前記濾過器の濾過膜の出口側に連通し、前記濾過膜を通過した濾過体腔液を流す第２のラインと、
前記第２のラインに接続されており、洗浄液を前記第２のラインを通じて前記濾過膜の出口側に供給し前記濾過膜を通過させて前記濾過膜を洗浄する洗浄装置と、
前記第２のラインの前記洗浄装置が接続された位置よりも上流側に設けられ、正回転により前記第１のラインの体腔液を前記濾過器に吸引し、逆回転により前記洗浄装置の洗浄液を前記第２のラインを通じて前記濾過膜の出口側に供給し前記濾過膜を通過させるポンプと、
前記濾過器の濾過膜の出口側の圧力を測定する圧力測定装置と、
前記濾過器の入口側に連通し、前記濾過膜を通過した洗浄液を排出する第３のラインと、
前記第３のラインに設けられた第１の開閉装置と、
前記第２のラインにおける前記洗浄装置が接続された位置よりも下流側に設けられた第２の開閉装置と、
前記第１のラインに設けられた上流開閉装置と、
前記濾過器の濾過膜の入口側の圧力と前記圧力測定装置により測定された圧力との圧力差が所定の閾値を超えた場合に、前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記第２の開閉装置と前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記ポンプを逆回転させて、前記洗浄装置により前記洗浄液を前記第２のラインを通じて前記濾過膜に供給させる制御装置と、を少なくとも備え、
前記制御装置は、前記圧力差が前記閾値を超えた場合の初めの少なくとも１回は前記ポンプの正回転の流量を減らして前記体腔液の前記濾過器への供給を継続し、その後前記圧力差が前記閾値を超えた場合に、前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記第２の開閉装置と前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記ポンプを逆回転させ前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に供給させ、前記ポンプの正回転の流量が所定の最低流量に到達し、前記圧力差が前記閾値を超えた場合に、前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記第２の開閉装置と前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記ポンプを逆回転させ前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に供給させる、体腔液処理装置。 A filter which has a filter membrane and filters body cavity fluid through the filter membrane;
A first line in fluid communication with the inlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter to flow body cavity fluid through the filtration membrane;
A second line in communication with the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter, and for flowing the filter cavity fluid that has passed through the filtration membrane;
A cleaning device connected to the second line to supply a cleaning liquid to the outlet side of the filtration membrane through the second line and to pass through the filtration membrane to clean the filtration membrane;
The second line is provided on the upstream side of the position where the washing device is connected, and the body cavity fluid of the first line is sucked into the filter by forward rotation, and the washing fluid of the washing device is reversed by reverse rotation. A pump that supplies the outlet side of the filtration membrane through the second line and passes the filtration membrane;
A pressure measuring device for measuring the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter;
A third line in communication with the inlet side of the filter for discharging the washing solution having passed through the filtration membrane;
A first opening / closing device provided in the third line;
A second opening / closing device provided downstream of a position at which the cleaning device is connected in the second line;
An upstream opening and closing device provided in the first line;
When the pressure difference between the pressure on the inlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter and the pressure measured by the pressure measuring device exceeds a predetermined threshold, the first switching device is opened, and the second opening / closing device is opened. And at least a control device for causing the cleaning device to supply the cleaning solution to the filtration membrane through the second line by rotating the pump in reverse with the device and the upstream opening and closing device closed .
The controller reduces the flow rate of forward rotation of the pump at least once at the first time when the pressure difference exceeds the threshold and continues the supply of the body cavity fluid to the filter, and then the pressure difference. When the threshold value is exceeded, the first opening / closing device is opened, and the pump is reversely rotated to supply the cleaning solution to the filtration membrane while the second opening / closing device and the upstream opening / closing device are closed. And, when the flow rate of forward rotation of the pump reaches a predetermined minimum flow rate and the pressure difference exceeds the threshold value, the first switchgear is opened, and the second switchgear and the upstream switchgear are opened. The cavity fluid processing apparatus , wherein the pump is reversely rotated to supply the cleaning fluid to the filtration membrane in a state where the apparatus is closed .
前記濾過器の濾過膜の入口側に連通し、前記濾過膜に体腔液を流す第１のラインと、
前記濾過器の濾過膜の出口側に連通し、前記濾過膜を通過した濾過体腔液を流す第２のラインと、
前記第２のラインに設けられ、前記第１のラインの体腔液を前記濾過器に吸引するポンプと、
前記第２のラインの前記ポンプより上流側に接続されており、洗浄液を前記第２のラインを通じて前記濾過膜の出口側に供給し前記濾過膜を通過させて前記濾過膜を洗浄する洗浄装置と、
前記濾過器の濾過膜の出口側の圧力を測定する圧力測定装置と、
前記濾過器の入口側に連通し、前記濾過膜を通過した洗浄液を排出する第３のラインと、
前記第３のラインに設けられた第１の開閉装置と、
前記第１のラインに設けられた上流開閉装置と、
前記濾過器の濾過膜の入口側の圧力と前記圧力測定装置により測定された圧力との圧力差が所定の閾値を超えた場合に、前記ポンプを停止させ、前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記洗浄装置により、前記洗浄液を前記第２のラインを通じて前記濾過膜に供給させる制御装置と、を少なくとも備え、
前記制御装置は、前記圧力差が前記閾値を超えた場合の初めの少なくとも１回は、前記ポンプの流量を減らして前記体腔液の前記濾過器への供給を継続し、その後前記圧力差が前記閾値を超えた場合に、前記ポンプを停止させ、前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記洗浄装置により前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に供給させ、前記ポンプの流量が所定の最低流量に到達し、前記圧力差が前記閾値を超えた場合に、前記ポンプを停止させ、前記第１の開閉装置を開放し、前記上流開閉装置を閉鎖した状態で、前記洗浄装置により前記洗浄液を前記濾過膜に供給させる、体腔液処理装置。 A filter which has a filter membrane and filters body cavity fluid through the filter membrane;
A first line in fluid communication with the inlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter to flow body cavity fluid through the filtration membrane;
A second line in communication with the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter, and for flowing the filter cavity fluid that has passed through the filtration membrane;
A pump provided in the second line for drawing body cavity fluid in the first line into the filter;
A cleaning device connected to the upstream side of the pump of the second line and supplying a cleaning solution to the outlet side of the filtration membrane through the second line and cleaning the filtration membrane by passing through the filtration membrane; ,
A pressure measuring device for measuring the pressure on the outlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter;
A third line in communication with the inlet side of the filter for discharging the washing solution having passed through the filtration membrane;
A first opening / closing device provided in the third line;
An upstream opening and closing device provided in the first line;
When the pressure difference between the pressure on the inlet side of the filtration membrane of the filter and the pressure measured by the pressure measuring device exceeds a predetermined threshold, the pump is stopped and the first switchgear is opened. And at least a control device for supplying the cleaning fluid to the filtration membrane through the second line by the cleaning device in a state where the upstream opening and closing device is closed ,
The controller reduces the flow rate of the pump at least once at the first time when the pressure difference exceeds the threshold, and continues the supply of the body cavity fluid to the filter, and then the pressure difference is the pressure difference. When the threshold value is exceeded, the pump is stopped, the first opening / closing device is opened, and the upstream opening / closing device is closed, the cleaning device is supplied by the cleaning device to the filtration membrane, and When the flow rate reaches a predetermined minimum flow rate and the pressure difference exceeds the threshold value, the pump is stopped, the first opening / closing device is opened, and the upstream opening / closing device is closed, the cleaning A body cavity fluid treatment apparatus , wherein the washing fluid is supplied to the filtration membrane by the device.
前記第２のラインには、気体検出装置が設けられている、請求項１２に記載の体腔液処理装置。 The recovery device opens the recovery switch, and drives the pump to supply gas to the outlet side of the filtration membrane.
The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to claim 12 , wherein a gas detection device is provided on the second line.
前記濾過膜の入口側が前記中空糸膜の内側領域であり、
前記濾過膜の出口側が前記中空糸膜の外側領域である、請求項１〜１３のいずれかに記載の体腔液処理装置。 The filtration membrane is a hollow fiber membrane,
The inlet side of the filtration membrane is the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane,
The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13 , wherein an outlet side of the filtration membrane is an outer region of the hollow fiber membrane.
前記濾過膜の出口側が前記中空糸膜の内側領域であり、
前記濾過膜の入口側が前記中空糸膜の外側領域である、請求項１〜１３のいずれかに記載の体腔液処理装置。 The filtration membrane is a hollow fiber membrane,
The outlet side of the filtration membrane is the inner region of the hollow fiber membrane,
The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 13 , wherein the inlet side of the filtration membrane is the outer region of the hollow fiber membrane.
前記第２のラインの濾過体腔液を濃縮する濃縮器と、
前記濃縮器で濃縮された濃縮体腔液を流す濃縮ラインと、
前記濃縮器で除去された水分を排出する排水ラインと、
前記濃縮ライン又は前記排水ラインの少なくとも一方に設けられた濃縮ポンプと、を有する、請求項１６に記載の体腔液処理装置。 The concentration system
A concentrator for concentrating filter fluid in the second line;
A concentration line for flowing the concentrate cavity fluid concentrated by the concentrator;
A drainage line for draining the water removed by the concentrator;
The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to claim 16 , further comprising: a concentration pump provided in at least one of the concentration line and the drainage line.
前記濃縮体腔液を貯留する濃縮体腔液貯留部と、
前記濃縮体腔液貯留部の濃縮体腔液を前記第２のラインに戻す循環ラインと、をさらに有する、請求項１７に記載の体腔液処理装置。 The concentration system
A concentrate body cavity fluid storage unit for storing the concentrate body cavity fluid,
The body cavity fluid treatment apparatus according to claim 17 , further comprising a circulation line for returning the concentrate cavity fluid in the concentrate cavity fluid reservoir to the second line.
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| JP5724485B2 (en) * | 2011-03-15 | 2015-05-27 | 澁谷工業株式会社 | Hemodialysis machine |
| JP5952601B2 (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2016-07-13 | 旭化成メディカル株式会社 | Ascites treatment apparatus and ascites treatment method |
| JP5873170B2 (en) * | 2012-05-25 | 2016-03-01 | 旭化成メディカル株式会社 | Method and apparatus for producing high concentration protein solution |
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| JP6298649B2 (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2018-03-20 | 東レ株式会社 | Method for producing washed platelets |
| JP6469123B2 (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2019-02-13 | 旭化成メディカル株式会社 | Hollow fiber membrane type body fluid filtration device, operation method and filtration method of hollow fiber membrane type body fluid filtration device |
| JP6584221B2 (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2019-10-02 | 旭化成メディカル株式会社 | Medical materials |
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| CN109200370B (en) | 2021-07-23 |
| CN113577425B (en) | 2023-11-07 |
| CN109200370A (en) | 2019-01-15 |
| CN113577425A (en) | 2021-11-02 |
| JP2019013488A (en) | 2019-01-31 |
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