JP6466088B2 - Artificial turf pile yarn and artificial turf using the same - Google Patents
Artificial turf pile yarn and artificial turf using the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP6466088B2 JP6466088B2 JP2014121906A JP2014121906A JP6466088B2 JP 6466088 B2 JP6466088 B2 JP 6466088B2 JP 2014121906 A JP2014121906 A JP 2014121906A JP 2014121906 A JP2014121906 A JP 2014121906A JP 6466088 B2 JP6466088 B2 JP 6466088B2
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- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 18
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
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- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 4
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- 239000004816 latex Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000126 latex Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000092 linear low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004707 linear low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002759 woven fabric Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000219 Ethylene vinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004700 high-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001684 low density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004702 low-density polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009732 tufting Methods 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 244000025254 Cannabis sativa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001391944 Commicarpus scandens Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000089 Cyclic olefin copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002033 PVDF binder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004715 ethylene vinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005042 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001903 high density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920004889 linear high-density polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012968 metallocene catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920002981 polyvinylidene fluoride Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 1
- 229920005604 random copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000006097 ultraviolet radiation absorber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009941 weaving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004711 α-olefin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Description
本発明は、人工芝に用いられるパイル用原糸に関する。さらには、そのパイル用原糸を一次基布に植設してなる人工芝に関する。 The present invention relates to a pile yarn used for artificial turf. Further, the present invention relates to an artificial turf in which the pile yarn is planted on a primary base fabric.
近年、野球場やサッカー場等の競技場、公園、校庭などでは、管理が容易なことから、天然芝に替えて人工芝が用いられるようになってきている。人工芝は、ポリプロピレンやポリエステル等からなる一次基布にポリプロピレンやポリアミド等からなるパイル用原糸を植設して、芝生のような外観に仕立てたものである。特に近年では、長めのパイルを一次基布に植設し、パイル間に砂やゴムチップ等の充填材を充填してなるロングパイル人工芝（パイル長の長い人工芝）が、クッション性に優れ、天然芝生に近い踏み心地や、良好なボールの転がり特性等を得ることができるということで、注目を集めている。 In recent years, baseball stadiums, soccer fields, and other stadiums, parks, schoolyards, and the like are easily managed, and artificial turf has been used instead of natural turf. Artificial turf is a lawn-like appearance by planting pile yarn made of polypropylene or polyamide on a primary base fabric made of polypropylene or polyester. In particular, long pile artificial turf (artificial turf with a long pile length) in which a long pile is planted in a primary base fabric and a filler such as sand or rubber chips is filled between the piles has excellent cushioning properties. It is attracting attention because it can provide a comfortable feeling like a natural lawn and good ball rolling characteristics.
パイル用原糸としては、フラットヤーンやモノフィラメントが一般的に使用される。フラットヤーンは幅広なフィルムを細幅にスリットして製造する。モノフィラメントは、円形又は異形の断面形状を有する口金から熱可塑性樹脂を押し出して製造する。両者の特性上の違いは主に糸幅と糸厚みに由来する。フラットヤーンの方がモノフィラメントよりも比較的に広い糸幅でかつ薄い厚みに仕上がる。 As the pile yarn, flat yarn or monofilament is generally used. Flat yarn is manufactured by slitting wide films into narrow widths. The monofilament is manufactured by extruding a thermoplastic resin from a die having a circular or irregular cross-sectional shape. The difference in characteristics between the two is mainly derived from the yarn width and the yarn thickness. The flat yarn has a relatively wider thread width and a thinner thickness than the monofilament.
フラットヤーンからなるパイル用原糸の主な特長としては、人工芝表面の仕上がりが柔らかく、より少ない植設本数で人工芝表面を覆うことができるため比較的に安価に仕上げることができることが挙げられる。パイル間に充填材を充填する場合には、充填材が定位置に留まりやすいため、充填材に偏りが生じにくい点でも優れている。しかしながら、フラットヤーンのパイル用原糸は、モノフィラメントのパイル用原糸に比べて糸厚みが薄いため、長期的にみると耐摩耗性等の耐久性が得られにくいという欠点を有していた。 The main features of pile yarn made of flat yarn are that the surface of the artificial turf is soft and the surface of the artificial turf can be covered with a smaller number of plants, so that it can be finished relatively inexpensively. . When the filler is filled between the piles, the filler tends to stay at a fixed position, which is excellent in that the filler is less likely to be biased. However, flat yarn pile yarns have a drawback in that it is difficult to obtain durability such as wear resistance in the long term because the yarn thickness is thinner than monofilament pile yarns.
フラットヤーンを用いた人工芝の耐摩耗性の改善については、特許文献１、特許文献２、特許文献３など、いずれも素材や添加剤での改善を中心に行われてきたが、未だに耐摩耗性が十分であるとは言えない。特に、競技場用のロングパイル人工芝（パイル長の長い人工芝）に使用されるパイル用原糸については、競技者が人工芝の上で激しく動くことに加えて、充填材が充填されることにより充填材とパイルの擦れがより顕著になるため、さらなる耐摩耗性の改良を求められていた。 Regarding the improvement of wear resistance of artificial turf using flat yarn, Patent Document 1, Patent Document 2, Patent Document 3, etc. have all been centered on improvements with materials and additives, but still wear resistant. It cannot be said that sex is enough. In particular, for pile raw yarn used for long pile artificial turf for stadiums (artificial turf with long pile length), in addition to the athlete moving violently on the artificial turf, the filler is filled As a result, the friction between the filler and the pile becomes more prominent, and further improvement in wear resistance has been demanded.
本発明は、フラットヤーン製の人工芝パイル用原糸において、パイルの耐久性を向上させることを目的とする。 An object of the present invention is to improve pile durability in an artificial turf pile yarn made of flat yarn.
本発明は、フラットヤーンが熱可塑性樹脂からなり、長さ方向及び糸幅方向を含む面方向に熱可塑性樹脂が分子配向した人工芝パイル用原糸にすることによって、上記の課題を解決する。このときのフラットヤーンは、少なくとも糸幅方向に延伸した熱可塑性樹脂からなるフィルムを長さ方向にスリットしてなるものであることが好ましい。 The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems by forming a raw yarn for artificial turf pile in which the flat yarn is made of a thermoplastic resin and the thermoplastic resin is molecularly oriented in the surface direction including the length direction and the yarn width direction. The flat yarn at this time is preferably formed by slitting a film made of a thermoplastic resin stretched at least in the yarn width direction in the length direction.
人工芝パイル用原糸においては、Ｘ線回折における糸幅方向のＸ線強度のピーク高さが、長さ方向のＸ線強度のピーク高さの０．５倍より大きいことが好ましい。上記人工芝パイル用原糸において、熱可塑性樹脂はポリエチレンであることが好ましい。また、上記人工芝パイル用原糸は、その引張切断時の伸びが６０〜２５０％であることが好ましい。上記人工芝パイル用原糸を一次基布に対して植設すれば耐摩耗性に優れる人工芝を得ることができる。すなわち、上記の人工芝パイル用原糸を一次基布に植設してなる人工芝である。 In the artificial turf pile yarn, the peak height of the X-ray intensity in the yarn width direction in X-ray diffraction is preferably larger than 0.5 times the peak height of the X-ray intensity in the length direction. In the artificial turf pile yarn, the thermoplastic resin is preferably polyethylene. Moreover, it is preferable that the said original turf pile yarn has an elongation at the time of tensile cutting of 60 to 250%. If the artificial turf pile yarn is planted on a primary base fabric, an artificial turf with excellent wear resistance can be obtained. That is, it is an artificial turf obtained by planting the above artificial turf pile yarn on a primary base fabric.
本発明では、人工芝パイル用原糸となるフラットヤーンが、面方向に分子配向しているので、耐摩耗性に優れ、ロングパイル人工芝用としても好適な人工芝パイル用原糸と耐摩耗性に優れる人工芝とを提供することができる。 In the present invention, since the flat yarn used as the artificial turf pile yarn is molecularly oriented in the plane direction, the artificial turf pile yarn and the wear resistance are excellent in wear resistance and suitable for long pile artificial turf. It is possible to provide artificial turf that is excellent in performance.
本発明の人工芝パイル用原糸（以下、単に糸と称することがある）は、フラットヤーンからなり、フラットヤーンは、長さ方向及び幅方向を含む面方向に熱可塑性樹脂が分子配向している。 The artificial turf pile yarn of the present invention (hereinafter sometimes simply referred to as yarn) is made of a flat yarn, and the flat yarn has a thermoplastic resin molecularly oriented in the plane direction including the length direction and the width direction. Yes.
本明細書において面方向に分子配向（以下、面配向ということもある）するとは、糸の長さ方向のみならず、特に糸の幅方向に対し、熱可塑性樹脂中の微結晶及び／又は高分子鎖が配列されることにより、糸の表面方向において様々な方向に配向がなされている状態をいう。 In this specification, the molecular orientation in the plane direction (hereinafter sometimes referred to as plane orientation) means not only the length direction of the yarn but also the crystallites and / or high in the thermoplastic resin, particularly in the width direction of the yarn. A state in which the molecular chains are arranged to be oriented in various directions in the surface direction of the yarn.
本明細書でいうフラットヤーンには、いわゆるスプリットヤーンも含まれる。スプリットヤーンは、例えば、フラットヤーンに複数の長さ方向の短い切れ目を入れて開繊する工程を経て製造される。 The flat yarn referred to in this specification includes so-called split yarn. The split yarn is manufactured, for example, through a process of opening a flat yarn by making a plurality of short cuts in the length direction.
本発明の人工芝パイル用原糸を構成する熱可塑性樹脂としては、延伸可能な素材であれば特に制約はなく使用することができる。例えば、従来から人工芝パイル用原糸の素材として使用されてきたポリオレフィン、ポリアミド、ポリエステル又はポリフッ化ビニリデンなどの熱可塑性樹脂を使用することができる。人工芝パイル用原糸には、比較的に安価で調達できて、比重の低い原料を使用することが好ましい。安価かつ低比重の材料として、ポリオレフィンを好適に使用することができる。ロングパイル人工芝のようにパイル長の長い人工芝では、熱可塑性樹脂の使用量が多くなるため、重量とコストの問題がより顕著になる。したがって、ロングパイル人工芝では、熱可塑性樹脂としてはポリオレフィンが最適である。 The thermoplastic resin constituting the raw yarn for artificial turf pile of the present invention can be used without particular limitation as long as it is a stretchable material. For example, a thermoplastic resin such as polyolefin, polyamide, polyester, or polyvinylidene fluoride, which has been conventionally used as a raw material for artificial turf pile yarn, can be used. For the artificial turf pile yarn, it is preferable to use a raw material which can be procured at a relatively low cost and has a low specific gravity. As an inexpensive and low specific gravity material, polyolefin can be preferably used. In an artificial turf with a long pile length such as a long pile artificial turf, the amount of thermoplastic resin used is increased, so that the problem of weight and cost becomes more prominent. Therefore, for long pile artificial turf, polyolefin is optimal as the thermoplastic resin.
ポリオレフィンとしては、低密度ポリエチレン、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン（メタロセン触媒を用いて製造されたエチレン−α−オレフィン共重合体を含む）、高密度ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、プロピレン−エチレンブロック共重合体、プロピレン−エチレンランダム共重合体、エチレン−酢酸ビニル共重合体（ＥＶＡ）、エチレン−アクリル酸エチル共重合体（ＥＥＡ）、エチレン−ビニルアルコール共重合体（ＥＶＯＨ）等が挙げられる。中でも、直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン、高密度ポリエチレンが、延伸性に優れている点で良好な耐摩耗性を得るうえで好ましく、０．８８０〜０．９３０ｇ／ｃｍ３の直鎖状低密度ポリエチレンが、好適な柔軟性を有することでキズに対する耐性が得られやすく、実用的な耐熱性を有するため、より好ましい。 Examples of polyolefins include low-density polyethylene, linear low-density polyethylene (including ethylene-α-olefin copolymers produced using a metallocene catalyst), high-density polyethylene, polypropylene, propylene-ethylene block copolymer, propylene. -Ethylene random copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymer (EEA), ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymer (EVOH), etc. are mentioned. Among these, linear low-density polyethylene and high-density polyethylene are preferable for obtaining good wear resistance in terms of excellent stretchability, and a linear low-density polyethylene of 0.880 to 0.930 g / cm 3. However, since it has suitable flexibility, resistance to scratches is easily obtained, and it has practical heat resistance, which is more preferable.
熱可塑性樹脂には、着色剤、酸化防止剤、耐候安定剤、紫外線吸収剤、難燃剤、充填剤などの添加剤が必要に応じて添加される。添加剤は、熱可塑性樹脂を押出機で溶融する際に熱可塑性樹脂に混合して、熱可塑性樹脂組成物とすればよい。熱可塑性樹脂組成物はＴダイや、リングダイなどのダイスから押し出してフィルム状に加工すればよい。 Additives such as a colorant, an antioxidant, a weather resistance stabilizer, an ultraviolet absorber, a flame retardant, and a filler are added to the thermoplastic resin as necessary. The additive may be mixed with the thermoplastic resin when the thermoplastic resin is melted with an extruder to form a thermoplastic resin composition. The thermoplastic resin composition and the T-die may be processed by extrusion from a die such as a film-shaped ring die.
本発明の人工芝パイル用原糸を製造する際には、少なくとも糸幅方向に延伸したフィルムを用いる。本明細書において、幅方向とは、フラットヤーンの糸幅方向のことを指し、長さ方向とは、フラットヤーンの長さ方向のことを指す。フィルムを糸幅方向に延伸する方法としては、Ｔダイで押出した後にテンターや横延伸機で幅方向に拡張する方法、Ｔダイから押出した後に押し出された合成樹脂をロールにより押し潰す方法、リングダイからチューブ状に押出した後にエアーなどで押し出された半溶融状態の合成樹脂を膨張させながら冷却する方法などが挙げられる。中でも、チューブ状に押出した後にエアー等で膨張させる方法が、延伸状態のムラが少なく、しかもブローアップ比が調節しやすいため延伸倍率も容易に制御できるので好適である。 When manufacturing the artificial turf pile yarn of the present invention, a film stretched at least in the yarn width direction is used. In this specification, the width direction refers to the yarn width direction of the flat yarn, and the length direction refers to the length direction of the flat yarn. As a method of stretching the film in the yarn width direction, a method in which the film is expanded in the width direction by a tenter or a horizontal stretching machine after being extruded by a T die, a method in which a synthetic resin extruded after being extruded from a T die is crushed by a roll, a ring Examples of the method include a method in which a semi-molten synthetic resin extruded with air after being extruded from a die into a tube shape is cooled while being expanded. Among them, a method of extruding with a tube or the like after extrusion into a tube shape is preferable because there is little unevenness in the stretched state and the blowup ratio can be easily adjusted, so that the stretch ratio can be easily controlled.
フィルムを少なくとも糸幅方向に延伸する際には、フィルムの状態で糸幅方向１．５〜３．５倍の延伸倍率で延伸を行うことが好ましい。幅方向の延伸倍率が１．５未満の場合は、熱可塑性樹脂を構成する分子が糸幅方向にほとんど配向しないため、優れた耐摩耗性を得ることができない。糸幅方向への延伸倍率が３．５倍を上回ると、糸が糸幅方向に裂けやすくなる。したがって、糸が切れやすくなって、人工芝が劣化しやすくなる。 When the film is stretched at least in the yarn width direction, the film is preferably stretched at a draw ratio of 1.5 to 3.5 times in the yarn width direction. When the draw ratio in the width direction is less than 1.5, the molecules constituting the thermoplastic resin are hardly oriented in the yarn width direction, so that excellent wear resistance cannot be obtained. When the draw ratio in the yarn width direction exceeds 3.5 times, the yarn is easily torn in the yarn width direction. Therefore, the yarn is easily cut and the artificial turf is easily deteriorated.
上述のようなフィルムを糸幅方向へ延伸する過程では、例えば、フィルムを引取るロールの周速度を利用し、長さ方向へ引き延ばしつつ糸幅方向へ延伸することによって、糸幅方向へ延伸すると同時に、長さ方向に延伸を行い、面配向を行うこともできる。 In the process of stretching the film as described above in the yarn width direction, for example, by using the peripheral speed of a roll for taking up the film, the film is stretched in the length direction while being stretched in the yarn width direction. At the same time, stretching can be performed in the length direction to perform plane orientation.
本発明では、上述の通り、糸幅方向への延伸と同時に長さ方向への延伸を行ってもよいが、フィルム又はフラットヤーンは長さ方向に延伸する工程を別に行ってもよい。より好適には面配向を行い、優れた耐摩耗性と諸物性を得る観点では、糸幅方向への延伸と、長さ方向への延伸をそれぞれ別々に行うことが好ましい。別工程でフィルム又はフラットヤーンを長さ方向に延伸する方法としては、熱ロール、熱板または熱風などにより加熱しつつ、前後ロールの周速度の差を利用して延伸する方法を好適に採用することができる。長さ方向に行われる延伸の延伸倍率としては２．０〜８．０倍であることが好ましい。延伸倍率が２．０倍未満の場合、糸が伸びやすく原糸を一次基布に植設する際等に加工性が優れないうえに、耐久性が得られにくい。そのため延伸倍率は３．０倍以上であることがより好適である。延伸倍率が８．０倍を上回ると、糸の伸び易さとキズに対する耐性とが損なわれ、かえって人工芝として劣化しやすくなる。そのため延伸倍率は６．０倍未満であることがより好適である。 In the present invention, as described above, the stretching in the length direction may be performed simultaneously with the stretching in the yarn width direction, but the film or the flat yarn may be separately subjected to a step of stretching in the length direction. More preferably, from the viewpoint of performing surface orientation and obtaining excellent wear resistance and various physical properties, it is preferable to separately perform stretching in the yarn width direction and stretching in the length direction. As a method of stretching the film or flat yarn in the length direction in a separate step, a method of stretching by utilizing the difference in the peripheral speed of the front and back rolls while heating with a hot roll, hot plate or hot air is suitably employed. be able to. The stretching ratio for stretching performed in the length direction is preferably 2.0 to 8.0. When the draw ratio is less than 2.0 times, the yarn tends to be stretched and the workability is not excellent when planting the raw yarn on the primary base fabric, and the durability is difficult to obtain. Therefore, the draw ratio is more preferably 3.0 times or more. If the draw ratio exceeds 8.0 times, the ease of elongation of the yarn and the resistance to scratches are impaired, and the artificial turf tends to deteriorate. Therefore, the draw ratio is more preferably less than 6.0 times.
フィルムを長さ方向へスリットする作業は、長さ方向に延伸する前に行ってもよいし、フィルムを長さ方向に延伸した後に行ってもよい。しかし、長さ方向へ延伸する前にフィルムをスリットした方が、得られる糸の延伸状態のバラつき（個体差）が少なくなるので好適である。 The operation of slitting the film in the length direction may be performed before stretching in the length direction, or may be performed after stretching the film in the length direction. However, it is preferable to slit the film before stretching in the length direction because variations (individual differences) in the stretched state of the obtained yarn are reduced.
上述のように、本発明の糸は、糸幅方向及び長さ方向を含む面方向に熱可塑性樹脂を構成する分子が配向しているため、優れた耐摩耗性を発揮する。 As described above, the yarn of the present invention exhibits excellent wear resistance because the molecules constituting the thermoplastic resin are oriented in the surface direction including the yarn width direction and the length direction.
ところでフラットヤーンはもともと主に織物に使用する糸であり、織物用においては、フィルムの幅方向の延伸倍率は１．１未満に抑え、幅方向にはほとんど延伸させず、長さ方向に一軸延伸することにより製造される。幅方向に延伸しない理由には、織物では糸幅方向の強度が必要ないということもあるが、幅方向からの衝撃やキズで幅方向に裂けやすくなる傾向があり、製織時に筬（おさ）などが叩き付けられたときなどで糸が切れやすくなることが挙げられる。 By the way, flat yarns are yarns mainly used for woven fabrics. For woven fabrics, the stretching ratio in the width direction of the film is suppressed to less than 1.1, hardly stretched in the width direction, and uniaxially stretched in the length direction. It is manufactured by doing. The reason for not stretching in the width direction is that the fabric does not require strength in the yarn width direction, but it tends to tear in the width direction due to impacts and scratches from the width direction, and it is difficult to weave during weaving. It is easy to break the thread when it is struck.
幅方向に延伸を行っていないフラットヤーンは、長さ方向へ配向が偏っているため、長さ方向へ糸が割れ、糸が細く分かれる状態（以下、この状態を分繊ということもある）になりやすくなっている。したがって、幅方向に延伸を行っていないフラットヤーンでは、分繊により衝撃が緩和されて部分的な糸の切断に留まるので、筬などが叩き付けられたとしても完全に糸が切れる状態には至りにくい。一方、幅方向に延伸したフラットヤーンは、配向の偏りが少ないために分繊しにくく、幅方向からの衝撃やキズなどを受けた場合、小さい抵抗で糸幅方向に裂けるように破断する傾向がある。このため、幅方向に延伸したフラットヤーンは、糸が完全に切れやすく、織物の用途では扱いにくい。 A flat yarn that has not been stretched in the width direction has a biased orientation in the length direction, so that the yarn is broken in the length direction and the yarn is finely divided (hereinafter this state is sometimes referred to as splitting). It becomes easy to become. Therefore, in a flat yarn that has not been stretched in the width direction, the impact is alleviated by splitting and the thread is only partially cut. . On the other hand, flat yarns stretched in the width direction are difficult to separate because of less deviation in orientation, and when subjected to impacts or scratches from the width direction, they tend to break so as to tear in the yarn width direction with a small resistance. is there. For this reason, in the flat yarn drawn in the width direction, the yarn is easily cut off and is difficult to handle in the use of the fabric.
しかしながら、人工芝用パイル糸の用途では、糸が切れにくいことも必要ではあるが、それ以上に摩耗によって生じた分繊を拡大させないことが要求される。本発明の人工芝用パイル糸は、糸幅方向を含む面方向に延伸されたフラットヤーンからなるので、人工芝として使用した際にパイルの先端部分に摩擦によるダメージを負ったとしても、パイルの先端部分が分繊することなく、糸幅方向に裂けるように破断することで効果的に分繊の拡大を防ぐことができる。 However, in the use of pile yarn for artificial turf, it is necessary that the yarn is difficult to break, but it is required that the splitting caused by abrasion is not further expanded. Since the pile yarn for artificial turf of the present invention is made of a flat yarn drawn in the plane direction including the yarn width direction, even if the tip portion of the pile is damaged by friction when used as an artificial turf, It is possible to effectively prevent the spread of the splitting by breaking so that the tip portion is split in the yarn width direction without splitting.
本発明の人工芝パイル用原糸の配向の状態については、後述するＸ線回折を行い、空間格子（２，０，０）面のＸ線強度のピーク高さと（１，１，０）面のＸ線強度のピーク高さとを確認することにより、適切な状態にあるかを推し量ることができる。ここでいう空間格子（２，０，０）面のＸ線強度ピークは糸の幅方向の配向の状態を示し、空間格子（１，１，０）面のＸ線強度ピークは糸の長さ方向の配向の状態を示す。 Regarding the orientation of the artificial turf pile yarn of the present invention, the X-ray diffraction which will be described later is performed, and the peak height of the X-ray intensity on the spatial grating (2, 0, 0) plane and the (1, 1, 0) plane. By checking the peak height of the X-ray intensity, it can be estimated whether the X-ray intensity is in an appropriate state. The X-ray intensity peak of the spatial lattice (2, 0, 0) plane here indicates the state of orientation in the width direction of the yarn, and the X-ray intensity peak of the spatial lattice (1, 1, 0) plane is the length of the yarn. The state of orientation in the direction is shown.
耐摩耗性に優れた人工芝パイル用原糸を得るうえでは、Ｘ線回折における糸の幅方向すなわち空間格子（２，０，０）面のＸ線強度のピーク高さが、糸の長さ方向すなわち（１，１，０）面のＸ線強度のピーク高さの０．５倍より大きくなるように、配向がなされたものが好ましく、空間格子（２，０，０）面のピーク高さが（１，１，０）面のピーク高さの０．５倍から２倍の範囲であることがより好ましい。空間格子（２，０，０）面のピーク高さが（１，１，０）面のピーク高さの０．５倍を下回る場合、糸の幅方向への配向が十分でないか、ほとんどなされておらず、糸の長さ方向に配向が偏り過ぎている状態といえる。 In order to obtain an artificial turf pile yarn excellent in wear resistance, the width direction of the yarn in X-ray diffraction, that is, the peak height of the X-ray intensity in the spatial lattice (2, 0, 0) plane is the length of the yarn. Oriented, that is, oriented so as to be larger than 0.5 times the peak height of the X-ray intensity of the (1,1,0) plane, and the peak height of the spatial lattice (2,0,0) plane Is more preferably in the range of 0.5 to 2 times the peak height of the (1,1,0) plane. When the peak height of the spatial lattice (2, 0, 0) plane is less than 0.5 times the peak height of the (1, 1, 0) plane, the orientation in the width direction of the yarn is not sufficient or almost done. It can be said that the orientation is too biased in the yarn length direction.
本発明の人工芝パイル用原糸の長さ方向の引張強度は、０．５〜５．０ｃＮ／ｄｔであることが好ましく、また、長さ方向の引張切断時の伸びとしては、３０〜２５０％であることが好ましい。長さ方向の引張強度及び長さ方向の引張切断時の伸びについては、長さ方向に配向させていくほどに、引張強度が増加し、引張切断時の伸びが減少してく傾向にある。糸の長さ方向の引張強度が０．５ｃＮ／ｄｔを下回る場合、糸が伸びやすいことが懸念され、植設等に支障が生じることに加えて、植設した人工芝の上で競技を行った場合、すぐにパイル長さにムラが出てしまう。糸の長さ方向の引張強度が５．０ｃＮ／ｄｔを上回る場合、糸の長さ方向へ配向が偏り過ぎて、糸幅方向の配向が十分でないことや、糸の伸びが少なすぎてキズなどで切れやすくなっていること懸念される。 The tensile strength in the length direction of the raw yarn for artificial turf pile of the present invention is preferably 0.5 to 5.0 cN / dt, and the elongation at the time of tensile cutting in the length direction is 30 to 250. % Is preferred. Regarding the tensile strength in the length direction and the elongation at the time of tensile cutting in the length direction, the tensile strength increases and the elongation at the time of tensile cutting tends to decrease as the orientation in the length direction is increased. If the tensile strength in the length direction of the yarn is less than 0.5 cN / dt, there is a concern that the yarn will be easily stretched, which will hinder planting, etc. If this happens, the pile length will become uneven immediately. When the tensile strength in the length direction of the yarn exceeds 5.0 cN / dt, the orientation is too biased in the length direction of the yarn, the orientation in the yarn width direction is not sufficient, the elongation of the yarn is too small, scratches, etc. I am concerned that it is easy to cut.
人工芝パイル用原糸は一次基布に植設して人工芝として使用する。人工芝は、絶えず踏まれたり押し潰されたりするため、植設されたパイルには様々な方向からの応力が掛かる。本発明の人工芝パイル用原糸は、上記の通り、糸幅方向へ延伸を行っていることで、特に糸の幅方向からの衝撃などに対し、切れやすくなる傾向にある。人工芝として受ける様々な方向からの応力に対し切れにくくする場合、本発明の人工芝パイル用原糸では、キズに対する耐性を持たせるために、長さ方向の引張切断時の伸びを高く維持することを重視する方がよい。このときの長さ方向の引張切断時の伸びとしては、６０〜２５０％であることが好ましく、７０〜２００％であることがより好ましい。 The artificial turf pile yarn is planted on the primary fabric and used as artificial turf. Since artificial turf is constantly stepped on and crushed, the planted pile is subjected to stress from various directions. As described above, the artificial turf pile raw yarn of the present invention tends to be easily broken due to the impact in the yarn width direction, etc., by stretching in the yarn width direction. In the case of making it difficult to cut against stress from various directions received as artificial turf, the artificial turf pile yarn of the present invention maintains high elongation at the time of tensile cutting in the length direction in order to have resistance to scratches. It is better to emphasize this. The elongation at the time of tensile cutting in the length direction is preferably 60 to 250%, more preferably 70 to 200%.
本発明の人工芝パイル用原糸の厚みに特に制限はないが、人工芝として植設したときの触感を考慮すると、厚みは４０〜２００μｍであることが好ましい。糸の幅方向からの衝撃に対し、切れにくくする観点では、なるべく厚くすることが好ましく、厚みは６０〜２００μｍであることがより好ましい。 Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the thickness of the raw yarn for artificial turf piles of this invention, When the tactile sensation when planting as artificial turf is considered, it is preferable that thickness is 40-200 micrometers. From the viewpoint of making it difficult to break with respect to the impact from the width direction of the yarn, it is preferably as thick as possible, and more preferably 60 to 200 μm.
本発明の人工芝パイル用原糸の糸幅に特に制限はないが、１〜２０ｍｍの幅にすることが一般的である。糸幅が広いものについては、開繊を行ってスプリットヤーンとすることが多い。 Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in the thread width of the raw yarn for artificial turf piles of this invention, It is common to set it as the width | variety of 1-20 mm. In many cases, the yarn having a wide yarn width is opened to be split yarn.
本発明の人工芝パイル用原糸は、タフティング機などを用いて、一次基布に植設され人工芝となる。一次基布は、フラットヤーン織物や不織布などから構成する。本発明の人工芝パイル用原糸を用いた人工芝においては、パイル長さに関しては特に制約はない。例えば、人工芝においては、パイル長を５〜７５ｍｍにすることが一般的である。ロングパイル人工芝においては、パイル長を４０〜７５ｍｍにすることが一般的である。得られた人工芝に対しては、裏面にラテックスなどを塗布し、ラテックスを熱風乾燥させ、植設したパイルが容易に引き抜けないよう固定する、いわゆるバッキングを行うことが好ましい。 The artificial turf pile yarn of the present invention is planted on a primary base fabric using a tufting machine or the like to form an artificial turf. The primary base fabric is composed of a flat yarn woven fabric or a non-woven fabric. In the artificial turf using the artificial turf pile yarn of the present invention, the pile length is not particularly limited. For example, in an artificial turf, the pile length is generally 5 to 75 mm. In long pile artificial turf, the pile length is generally 40 to 75 mm. It is preferable to perform so-called backing for the obtained artificial turf by applying latex or the like on the back surface, drying the latex with hot air, and fixing the installed pile so as not to be pulled out easily.
以下、本発明の実施例を挙げてより詳細に説明する。 Examples of the present invention will be described in detail below.
［実施例１］
直鎖状低密度ポリエチレン（密度０．９２２ｇ／ｃｍ３、融点１２５℃、ＭＦＲ２．０ｇ／１０ｍｉｎ（１９０℃、２１６０ｇ荷重））を断面円形の口金を有する丸型ダイス（リングダイ）を用いてチューブ状に押出成形し、チューブ状のポリエチレンの中に口金から供給されるエアーを吹き込んで２．５倍のブローアップ比で膨張させた。冷却固化してフィルム状にした後、これを長さ方向に沿ってスリットした。スリットしたものを長さ方向へ延伸倍率６倍で延伸して、幅１．８ｍｍ、厚み１１０μｍ、繊度１８００ｄｔのフラットヤーンを作製した。得られたフラットヤーンを実施例１とした。
[Example 1]
A straight low-density polyethylene (density 0.922 g / cm 3 , melting point 125 ° C., MFR 2.0 g / 10 min (190 ° C., 2160 g load)) is used as a tube using a round die having a circular cross-section die (ring die). Then, air supplied from the die was blown into a tube-shaped polyethylene and expanded at a blow-up ratio of 2.5 times. After cooling and solidifying to form a film, this was slit along the length direction. The slit was stretched in the length direction at a stretch ratio of 6 to produce a flat yarn having a width of 1.8 mm, a thickness of 110 μm, and a fineness of 1800 dt. The obtained flat yarn was defined as Example 1.
［実施例２］
スリット後の長さ方向への延伸を延伸倍率４倍に変更した以外は実施例１と同様にして、幅１．９ｍｍ、厚み１００μｍ、繊度１８００ｄｔのフラットヤーンを作製した。得られたフラットヤーンを実施例２とした。
[Example 2]
A flat yarn having a width of 1.9 mm, a thickness of 100 μm, and a fineness of 1800 dt was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the stretching in the length direction after the slit was changed to 4 times. The obtained flat yarn was defined as Example 2.
［比較例１］
膨張率を０．９倍とした以外は、実施例１と同様にしてフラットヤーンを作製した。得られたフラットヤーンを比較例１とした。
[Comparative Example 1]
A flat yarn was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the expansion coefficient was 0.9 times. The obtained flat yarn was referred to as Comparative Example 1.
［比較例２］
膨張率を０．９倍とした以外は、実施例２と同様にしてフラットヤーンを作製した。得られたフラットヤーンを比較例２とした。
[Comparative Example 2]
A flat yarn was produced in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the expansion coefficient was 0.9 times. The obtained flat yarn was set as Comparative Example 2.
実施例１及び２並びに比較例１及び２の糸をそれぞれ
フラットヤーン織物（素材：ポリプロピレン、目付：１００ｇ／ｍ２）からなる一次基布に、糸６本を束ね、パイル１房が１２本になるようにタフティング機を用いて植設した後、裏面にバッキング剤としてＳＢＲラテックスを塗布し、パイル長さ６０ｍｍの人工芝を作製した。
The yarns of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2 were respectively bundled on a primary base fabric made of flat yarn fabric (material: polypropylene, basis weight: 100 g / m 2 ), 6 yarns were bundled, and 1 pile of piles was made 12 After planting using a tufting machine, SBR latex was applied to the back surface as a backing agent to produce an artificial turf with a pile length of 60 mm.
実施例１及び２並びに比較例１及び２の糸について、Ｘ線回折による配向比の測定と、ＪＩＳ Ｌ １０１３に基づく引張強度及び引張切断時の伸びの測定とを行った。結果を表１に記載する。さらに、実施例１及び２並びに比較例１及び２の糸を使用して作製した人工芝について、耐摩耗性試験を行って、分繊発生率を測定した。結果を表１に記載する。測定方法及び測定条件等を以下に説明する。 For the yarns of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the measurement of the orientation ratio by X-ray diffraction and the measurement of the tensile strength based on JIS L 1013 and the elongation at the time of tensile cutting were performed. The results are listed in Table 1. Furthermore, the abrasion resistance test was performed on the artificial turf produced using the yarns of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and the splitting rate was measured. The results are listed in Table 1. The measurement method and measurement conditions will be described below.
［糸の試験：Ｘ線回折］
Ｘ線回折装置（ブルカー・エイエックス・エス社製 型式：Ｄ８ ＤＩＳＣＯＶＥＲ ｗｉｔｈ ＧＡＤＤＳ）を用いて、Ｘ線強度を測定することで、配向状態を調べた。このとき得られた空間格子（２，０，０）面のＸ線強度のピークの高さを、空間格子（１，１，０）のＸ線強度のピークの高さで除すこと、すなわち以下の数式１により、糸の幅方向と長さ方向の配向比を求めた。なお、空間格子（２，０，０）面は糸の幅方向、空間格子（１，１，０）面は糸の長さ方向を示すものとする。
Ｘ線源：銅製回転対陰極
光学系：金属コリメータによる平行光学系（φ３００μｍ）
波長：０．１５４２ｎｍ
管電圧：４５ｋＶ
管電流：１１０ｍＡ
収集時間：６０Ｓ
試料位置：ω＝１１°
検出器位置：２θａｒｍ＝２２°（カメラ長 １５０ｎｍ）
[Thread testing: X-ray diffraction]
The alignment state was examined by measuring the X-ray intensity using an X-ray diffractometer (Bruker AXS, Inc., model: D8 DISCOVER with GADDS). Dividing the height of the X-ray intensity peak of the spatial grating (2, 0, 0) plane obtained at this time by the height of the X-ray intensity peak of the spatial grating (1, 1, 0), that is, The orientation ratio in the width direction and the length direction of the yarn was determined by the following formula 1. The space lattice (2, 0, 0) plane indicates the yarn width direction, and the space lattice (1, 1, 0) plane indicates the yarn length direction.
X-ray source: Copper rotating anti-cathode optical system: Parallel optical system with metal collimator (φ300 μm)
Wavelength: 0.1542nm
Tube voltage: 45kV
Tube current: 110 mA
Collection time: 60S
Sample position: ω = 11 °
Detector position: 2θarm = 22 ° (camera length 150 nm)
［糸の試験：引張試験］
ＪＩＳ Ｌ １０１３の８，５，３に記載されるＩＳＯによる引張強さ及び切断時の伸びの測定方法に準拠して測定した。引張強度は、切断までの最高荷重を基に算出され、引張切断時の伸びは、切断時の伸びを基に算出される。
［人工芝の試験：耐摩耗性］
ＪＦＡロングパイル人工芝検査マニュアル（第４版；平成２０年４月１０日）に基づいて耐摩耗性試験を行った。耐摩耗性試験は、下記の摩耗輪（前輪及び後輪）を８万往復させることとし、特定位置のパイル３房について、糸先が分繊した糸の本数を確認した。以下の数式２に示すように、確認した糸本数中の分繊した糸本数を百分率で求め、分繊発生率とした。
It measured based on the measuring method of the tensile strength by ISO and elongation at the time of cutting described in JIS L1013 of 8,5,3. The tensile strength is calculated based on the maximum load until cutting, and the elongation at the time of tensile cutting is calculated based on the elongation at the time of cutting.
[Artificial grass test: abrasion resistance]
A wear resistance test was performed based on the JFA Long Pile Artificial Turf Inspection Manual (4th edition; April 10, 2008). In the abrasion resistance test, the following wear wheels (front wheel and rear wheel) were reciprocated by 80,000, and the number of yarns separated by the yarn tip was confirmed for three tufts of piles at a specific position. As shown in the following formula 2, the number of separated yarns in the confirmed number of yarns was obtained as a percentage, and was defined as the occurrence rate of separation.
各摩耗輪の重量（軸を含む）：２６，８００±１００ｇ
各摩耗輪に取り付けられたスタッドの数：１４５個
スタッドの仕様：サッカーシューズ用（１３ｍｍ）
摩耗輪のサイズ：長さ３００±２ｍｍ×直径１１８±１ｍｍ
摩耗輪の回転数：前輪７回転、後輪３回転
摩耗輪の往復時間（１サイクル）：６．５秒（直線速度：０．１ｍ／ｓ）
サンプルの往復時間（１サイクル）：２．３秒（１．９ｃｍ）
Weight of each wear wheel (including shaft): 26,800 ± 100g
Number of studs attached to each wear wheel: 145 Stud specifications: For soccer shoes (13mm)
Wear wheel size: length 300 ± 2mm x diameter 118 ± 1mm
Wear wheel rotation speed: Front wheel 7 rotations, Rear wheel 3 rotations Wear wheel reciprocation time (1 cycle): 6.5 seconds (linear speed: 0.1 m / s)
Sample reciprocation time (1 cycle): 2.3 seconds (1.9 cm)
実施例１、２については、（１，１，０）面、（２，０，０）面ともにはっきりとしたピークがあり、表１の配向比をみても、面配向がなされているといえる。それに対し、比較例１、２のパイル糸については、（１，１，０）面のピークに比べ（２，０，０）面のピークがかなり低い状態で、表１の配向比をみても、比較例１は長さ方向に偏った延伸がなされているといえる。 In Examples 1 and 2, both the (1, 1, 0) plane and the (2, 0, 0) plane have clear peaks, and it can be said that even when the orientation ratios in Table 1 are viewed, plane orientation is achieved. . On the other hand, for the pile yarns of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the peak of the (2, 0, 0) plane is considerably lower than the peak of the (1, 1, 0) plane, and the orientation ratio in Table 1 is also seen. It can be said that Comparative Example 1 is stretched in the length direction.
各実施例及び各比較例のパイル糸を植設した人工芝の耐摩耗試験については、比較例１では、３６本のパイルのうち３３本のパイルの糸先が分繊していた（分繊率９２％）。比較例２では、３６本のパイルのうち２１本のパイルの糸先が分繊していた（分繊率５８％）。一方、実施例１では、３６本のパイルのうち５本のパイルの糸先が分繊しているにすぎなかった（分繊率１４％）。実施例２に至っては、パイルの糸先に分繊は生じていなかった（分繊率０％）。そして、摩耗試験後のパイル糸の長さを観察すると、確認した３６本のうち、比較例１は４本（１１％）、比較例２は１４本（３９％）の糸が所定のパイル長さ（試験前のパイル長さ）より短くなっているのに対し、実施例１は２２本（６１％）、実施例２は３１本（８６％）の糸が所定のパイル長さより短くなっていた。また、比較例１、比較例２、実施例１、実施例２のそれぞれのパイル糸を植設した人工芝について、摩耗試験の前後における外観を比較したところ、実施例２のパイル糸を植設した人工芝が最も摩耗試験前の外観に近く、次いで実施例１のパイル糸を植設した人工芝が近かった。そして、試験後の外観が試験前の外観から最も変化していたのは、比較例２のパイル糸を植設した人工芝だった。 Regarding the abrasion resistance test of the artificial turf in which the pile yarns of each Example and each Comparative Example were planted, in Comparative Example 1, 33 of the 36 pile yarn ends were split (spreading). 92%). In Comparative Example 2, the yarn tips of 21 piles out of 36 piles were split (split rate: 58%). On the other hand, in Example 1, the yarn ends of 5 piles of 36 piles were only separated (14% separation rate). In Example 2, no splitting occurred at the pile yarn tips (separation rate 0%). Then, when the length of the pile yarn after the abrasion test was observed, among the confirmed 36 yarns, Comparative Example 1 had 4 yarns (11%) and Comparative Example 2 had 14 yarns (39%) with a predetermined pile length. In contrast to the length (pile length before the test), 22 yarns (61%) in Example 1 and 31 yarns (86%) in Example 2 were shorter than the predetermined pile length. It was. Further, the artificial turf in which the pile yarns of Comparative Example 1, Comparative Example 2, Example 1, and Example 2 were planted were compared in appearance before and after the wear test, and the pile yarn of Example 2 was planted. The artificial turf was the closest to the appearance before the wear test, and then the artificial turf in which the pile yarn of Example 1 was planted was close. And the appearance after the test changed most from the appearance before the test was the artificial turf in which the pile yarn of Comparative Example 2 was planted.
実施例１及び２については、パイル長さが所定長さより短くなっているものが多く、摩耗したときに、糸先が糸幅方向に直線状に糸が切れていることで、分繊が防止されていることが推察される。 For Examples 1 and 2, the pile length is often shorter than the predetermined length, and when worn, the yarn tip is cut in a straight line in the yarn width direction, preventing splitting. It is inferred that
以上のように、面方向に配向がなされた実施例１及び２のパイル糸は、比較例１及び２のパイル糸に比べて、格段に分繊が発生しにくくなっており、耐摩耗性が向上したことが確認された。 As described above, the pile yarns of Examples 1 and 2 that are oriented in the plane direction are much less susceptible to splitting than the pile yarns of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and wear resistance is improved. The improvement was confirmed.
Claims (5)
Artificial turf obtained by planting the artificial turf pile yarn according to any one of claims 1 to 4 on a primary base fabric.
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