JP6363041B2 - Flat battery - Google Patents

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JP6363041B2
JP6363041B2 JP2015048620A JP2015048620A JP6363041B2 JP 6363041 B2 JP6363041 B2 JP 6363041B2 JP 2015048620 A JP2015048620 A JP 2015048620A JP 2015048620 A JP2015048620 A JP 2015048620A JP 6363041 B2 JP6363041 B2 JP 6363041B2
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positive electrode
current collector
negative electrode
electrode material
flat battery
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JP2016170909A (en
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山本　雄治
雄治 山本
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Maxell Holdings Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Description

本発明は、コイン形電池等の扁平形電池に関する。   The present invention relates to a flat battery such as a coin battery.

従来より、有底筒状の外装缶と、該外装缶の開口を覆うように配置され、外周側で該外装缶に接続される封口缶とを備えた扁平形電池が知られている。このような扁平形電池として、例えば特許文献１に開示されるように、電池ケース（外装缶）と封口板（封口缶）との間に、成形された正極合剤ペレット（正極材）及び金属リチウム（負極材）が配置された構成が知られている。特許文献１の構成では、正極材と負極材との間に短絡防止のためのセパレータが配置されている。特許文献１に開示されている正極板は、正極合剤をペレット状に形成したものであり、負極材は、金属リチウムによって構成されている。   2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a flat battery having a bottomed cylindrical outer can and a sealing can that is disposed so as to cover the opening of the outer can and connected to the outer can on the outer peripheral side is known. As such a flat battery, for example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, a positive electrode mixture pellet (positive electrode material) and a metal formed between a battery case (exterior can) and a sealing plate (sealing can) are used. A configuration in which lithium (a negative electrode material) is arranged is known. In the configuration of Patent Document 1, a separator for preventing a short circuit is disposed between the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material. The positive electrode plate disclosed in Patent Document 1 is obtained by forming a positive electrode mixture in a pellet form, and the negative electrode material is made of metallic lithium.

一方、特許文献２に開示されるように、スポンジ状金属多孔体（金属多孔質体）の空間内部にペースト状混錬物を充填することにより構成された正極材も知られている。特許文献２には、帯状のスポンジ状金属多孔体の空間内部にペースト状混錬物を充填し、このスポンジ状金属多孔体を所定の寸法に切断することにより正極板を構成するとともに、切断の際に正極板の端部に発生したかえりバリを研磨処理して取り除く点が開示されている。これにより、帯状のスポンジ状金属多孔体を切断した際に発生したバリがセパレータを突き破ることを防止できる。したがって、特許文献２のように帯状のスポンジ状金属多孔体を切断することにより正極版を得る構成において、電池内部で短絡が生じるのを防止できる。   On the other hand, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, a positive electrode material configured by filling a paste-like kneaded material inside a space of a sponge-like metal porous body (metal porous body) is also known. In Patent Document 2, a paste-like kneaded material is filled in the space of a band-like sponge-like metal porous body, and the sponge-like metal porous body is cut to a predetermined size to constitute a positive electrode plate. The point that the burr generated at the end of the positive electrode plate is removed by polishing is disclosed. Thereby, it can prevent that the burr | flash which generate | occur | produced when cut | disconnecting a strip | belt-shaped sponge-like metal porous body pierces a separator. Therefore, in the configuration in which the positive electrode plate is obtained by cutting the strip-like sponge-like metal porous body as in Patent Document 2, it is possible to prevent a short circuit from occurring inside the battery.

特開２０００−５８０７７号公報JP 2000-58077 A 特開２０００−１８８１０４号公報JP 2000-188104 A

ところで、上述の特許文献２のように、金属多孔質体の空間内に合剤を充填する構成において、帯状の金属多孔質体を切断した際に正極板の端部に発生したバリを取り除く場合には、研磨等の作業が必要になるため、電池の製造工程が増えて、製造コストが増加する。   By the way, in the configuration in which the mixture is filled in the space of the metal porous body as in the above-mentioned Patent Document 2, the burr generated at the end of the positive electrode plate when the strip-shaped metal porous body is cut is removed. However, since an operation such as polishing is required, the manufacturing process of the battery is increased and the manufacturing cost is increased.

しかも、金属多孔質体を切断する際に発生するバリは、微小であるため、取り除く際に、研磨工具等によってバリ以外の部分が変形を生じる可能性もある。   Moreover, since the burrs generated when cutting the metal porous body are very small, there is a possibility that parts other than the burrs may be deformed by a polishing tool or the like when removed.

本発明の目的は、正極材と負極材との間にセパレータが配置され、且つ、正極材及び負極材の少なくとも一方の電極体が金属多孔質体によって構成された扁平形電池において、電極体の外周縁部に形成されたバリによって内部短絡が生じないような構成を、簡単且つ低コストな構成によって実現することにある。   An object of the present invention is a flat battery in which a separator is disposed between a positive electrode material and a negative electrode material, and at least one electrode body of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material is formed of a metal porous body. An object of the present invention is to realize a configuration in which an internal short circuit does not occur due to burrs formed on the outer peripheral edge by a simple and low-cost configuration.

本発明の一実施形態に係る扁平形電池は、周壁部が軸線方向に延びる有底筒状の外装缶と、前記外装缶の開口を覆う有底筒状の封口缶と、前記外装缶と前記封口缶との間に形成される空間内に、前記軸線方向に積層された状態で配置される正極材及び負極材と、前記正極材と前記負極材との間に配置されるセパレータとを備える。前記正極材及び前記負極材の少なくとも一方は、金属多孔質体からなる集電体と、該集電体の空孔内に充填される合剤とを有する。前記集電体は、外周縁部の少なくとも一部に、該集電体の厚み方向に突出するバリを有する。前記集電体を有する前記正極材及び前記負極材の少なくとも一方は、前記バリが前記セパレータとは反対側に突出するように、該セパレータに対して配置されている（第１の構成）。   A flat battery according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a bottomed cylindrical outer can whose peripheral wall portion extends in the axial direction, a bottomed cylindrical sealing can that covers an opening of the outer can, the outer can, and the In a space formed between the sealing can, a positive electrode material and a negative electrode material arranged in a state of being stacked in the axial direction, and a separator arranged between the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material are provided. . At least one of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material has a current collector made of a metal porous body and a mixture filled in the pores of the current collector. The current collector has a burr projecting in the thickness direction of the current collector at least at a part of the outer peripheral edge. At least one of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material having the current collector is arranged with respect to the separator so that the burr protrudes on the opposite side of the separator (first configuration).

以上の構成により、正極材及び負極材の少なくとも一方に含まれる集電体の外周縁部に形成されたバリがセパレータとは反対側に突出するため、正極材と負極材との間に配置されたセパレータを前記バリが突き抜けるのを防止できる。したがって、電池の内部短絡の発生を防止することができる。   With the above configuration, since the burr formed on the outer peripheral edge of the current collector included in at least one of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material protrudes on the opposite side of the separator, the burr is disposed between the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material. The burr can be prevented from penetrating the separator. Therefore, occurrence of an internal short circuit of the battery can be prevented.

前記第１の構成において、前記集電体を有する前記正極材及び前記負極材の少なくとも一方は、前記バリが前記外装缶及び前記封口缶のいずれか一方に接触するように、前記空間内に配置される（第２の構成）。   In the first configuration, at least one of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material having the current collector is disposed in the space such that the burr contacts either one of the outer can or the sealing can. (Second configuration).

これにより、正極材及び負極材の少なくとも一方に含まれる集電体の外周縁部に形成されたバリを、外装缶及び封口缶のいずれか一方に接触させることができるため、バリによって集電体を外装缶及び封口缶のいずれか一方により確実に接触させることができる。したがって、電池内部での電気的な導通をより確実に確保することができる。   Accordingly, the burr formed on the outer peripheral edge of the current collector included in at least one of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material can be brought into contact with either the outer can or the sealing can. Can be reliably brought into contact with either the outer can or the sealed can. Therefore, electrical conduction inside the battery can be ensured more reliably.

前記第１または第２の構成において、前記セパレータは、その厚みが前記バリの突出高さよりも薄い（第３の構成）。このような構成では、集電体の外周縁部に形成されたバリがセパレータを突き抜ける可能性が高くなる。このような構成において、上述の第１または第２の構成を適用することにより、バリがセパレータを突き抜けて電池内部で短絡が生じるのを防止できる。   In the first or second configuration, the thickness of the separator is thinner than the protrusion height of the burr (third configuration). In such a configuration, there is a high possibility that burrs formed on the outer peripheral edge of the current collector will penetrate through the separator. In such a configuration, by applying the above-described first or second configuration, it is possible to prevent a burr from penetrating the separator and causing a short circuit inside the battery.

前記第１から第３の構成のうちいずれか一つの構成において、前記集電体は、０．１ｍｍよりも厚い（第４の構成）。このような厚みを有する集電体を打ち抜き加工などによって所定の形状に形成した場合、該集電体の外周縁部にバリが形成されやすい。したがって、集電体が上述のような厚みを有する場合には、上述の第１または第２の構成を適用することにより、バリがセパレータを突き抜けて電池内部で短絡が生じるのを防止できる。   In any one of the first to third configurations, the current collector is thicker than 0.1 mm (fourth configuration). When the current collector having such a thickness is formed into a predetermined shape by punching or the like, burrs are easily formed on the outer peripheral edge of the current collector. Therefore, when the current collector has the thickness as described above, it is possible to prevent the burr from penetrating the separator and causing a short circuit inside the battery by applying the first or second configuration described above.

前記第１から第４の構成のうちいずれか一つの構成において、前記集電体は、金属多孔質体のシートを加工具によって打ち抜くことにより形成される（第５の構成）。このような構成では、集電体の外周縁部に、該集電体の厚み方向に突出するバリが形成されやすいため、上述の第１または第２の構成を適用することにより、バリがセパレータを突き抜けて電池内部で短絡が生じるのを防止できる。   In any one of the first to fourth configurations, the current collector is formed by punching a sheet of a metal porous body with a processing tool (fifth configuration). In such a configuration, since a burr protruding in the thickness direction of the current collector is easily formed on the outer peripheral edge portion of the current collector, the burr is separated by applying the first or second configuration described above. It is possible to prevent a short circuit from occurring through the battery.

本発明の一実施形態に係る扁平形電池では、正極材及び負極材の少なくとも一方に含まれる集電体の外周縁部に形成されたバリが、セパレータとは反対側に突出するように、該セパレータに対して正極材及び負極材を配置する。これにより、集電体の外周縁部に形成されたバリがセパレータを突き抜けるのを防止できる。したがって、集電体の外周縁部に形成されたバリによって電池の内部短絡が生じるのを防止できる。   In the flat battery according to an embodiment of the present invention, the burr formed on the outer peripheral edge of the current collector included in at least one of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material protrudes to the opposite side of the separator. A positive electrode material and a negative electrode material are disposed with respect to the separator. Thereby, the burr | flash formed in the outer peripheral part of an electrical power collector can prevent penetrating a separator. Therefore, it is possible to prevent an internal short circuit of the battery from occurring due to the burr formed on the outer peripheral edge of the current collector.

図１は、実施形態に係る扁平形電池の概略構成を示す断面図である。FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a schematic configuration of a flat battery according to an embodiment. 図２は、正極集電体を加工具によって切断する様子を模式的に示す図である。FIG. 2 is a diagram schematically showing a state in which the positive electrode current collector is cut by a processing tool.

以下、図面を参照し、本発明の実施の形態を詳しく説明する。図中の同一または相当部分については同一の符号を付してその説明は繰り返さない。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. The same or corresponding parts in the drawings are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof will not be repeated.

図１は、本発明の一実施形態である扁平形電池１の概略構成を示す断面図である。この扁平形電池１は、有底円筒状の正極缶１０（外装缶）と、該正極缶１０の開口を覆う負極缶２０（封口缶）と、正極缶１０の外周側と負極缶２０の外周側との間に配置されるガスケット３０と、正極缶１０及び負極缶２０の間に形成される空間Ｓ内に収納される発電要素４０とを備える。扁平形電池１は、正極缶１０と負極缶２０とを組み合わせることによって、全体が扁平なコイン状に形成される。なお、正極缶１０及び負極缶２０の間に形成される空間Ｓ内には、発電要素４０以外に、非水電解液（図示省略、以下、電解液という）も封入されている。   FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a schematic configuration of a flat battery 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention. The flat battery 1 includes a bottomed cylindrical positive electrode can 10 (exterior can), a negative electrode can 20 (sealing can) covering the opening of the positive electrode can 10, an outer peripheral side of the positive electrode can 10, and an outer periphery of the negative electrode can 20. And a power generation element 40 housed in a space S formed between the positive electrode can 10 and the negative electrode can 20. The flat battery 1 is formed into a flat coin shape as a whole by combining the positive electrode can 10 and the negative electrode can 20. In addition, in the space S formed between the positive electrode can 10 and the negative electrode can 20, in addition to the power generation element 40, a nonaqueous electrolytic solution (not shown, hereinafter referred to as an electrolytic solution) is also enclosed.

なお、本実施形態の扁平形電池１は、例えば、集音器や補聴器などのような小型の機器の電池として用いられる。   In addition, the flat battery 1 of this embodiment is used as a battery of small apparatuses, such as a sound collector and a hearing aid, for example.

正極缶１０は、ステンレスなどの金属材料からなり、プレス成形によって有底円筒状に形成されている。図１に示すように、正極缶１０は、円形状の底部１１と、その外周に該底部１１と連続して形成される円筒状の周壁部１２とを備える。周壁部１２は、縦断面視で、底部１１に対して垂直に延びるように設けられている。正極缶１０は、後述するように、負極缶２０との間にガスケット３０を挟んだ状態で、周壁部１２の開口端側が内側に折り曲げられて、該負極缶２０の外周部に対してかしめられている。図１における符号Ｐは、扁平形電池１の軸線である。周壁部１２は、扁平形電池１の軸線方向に延びている。   The positive electrode can 10 is made of a metal material such as stainless steel, and is formed into a bottomed cylindrical shape by press molding. As shown in FIG. 1, the positive electrode can 10 includes a circular bottom portion 11 and a cylindrical peripheral wall portion 12 formed continuously with the bottom portion 11 on the outer periphery thereof. The peripheral wall portion 12 is provided so as to extend perpendicularly to the bottom portion 11 in a longitudinal sectional view. As described later, the positive electrode can 10 is crimped to the outer peripheral portion of the negative electrode can 20 by bending the opening end side of the peripheral wall portion 12 inward with the gasket 30 sandwiched between the positive electrode can 10 and the negative electrode can 20. ing. A symbol P in FIG. 1 is an axis of the flat battery 1. The peripheral wall portion 12 extends in the axial direction of the flat battery 1.

負極缶２０も、正極缶１０と同様、ステンレスなどの金属材料からなり、プレス成形によって有底円筒状に形成されている。負極缶２０は、円形状の平面部２１と、その外周に該平面部２１と連続して形成される円筒状の周壁部２２とを備える。この周壁部２２も、正極缶１０と同様、縦断面視で、平面部２１に対して垂直に延びるように設けられている。すなわち、周壁部２２も、扁平形電池１の軸線方向に延びている。   Similarly to the positive electrode can 10, the negative electrode can 20 is made of a metal material such as stainless steel and is formed in a bottomed cylindrical shape by press molding. The negative electrode can 20 includes a circular plane portion 21 and a cylindrical peripheral wall portion 22 formed continuously with the plane portion 21 on the outer periphery thereof. Similar to the positive electrode can 10, the peripheral wall portion 22 is also provided so as to extend perpendicularly to the flat portion 21 in a longitudinal sectional view. That is, the peripheral wall portion 22 also extends in the axial direction of the flat battery 1.

周壁部２２は、該周壁部２２の基端部２２ａに対して径が段状に大きくなる拡径部２２ｂを有する。すなわち、周壁部２２には、基端部２２ａと拡径部２２ｂとの間に段部２２ｃが形成されている。図１に示すように、この段部２２ｃに対して、正極缶１０の周壁部１２の開口端側が折り曲げられてかしめられている。これにより、正極缶１０と負極缶２０とが、それらの外周側で接続されている。   The peripheral wall portion 22 has a diameter-enlarged portion 22 b whose diameter is increased stepwise with respect to the base end portion 22 a of the peripheral wall portion 22. That is, the peripheral wall portion 22 is formed with a step portion 22c between the base end portion 22a and the enlarged diameter portion 22b. As shown in FIG. 1, the open end side of the peripheral wall portion 12 of the positive electrode can 10 is bent and caulked with respect to the step portion 22c. Thereby, the positive electrode can 10 and the negative electrode can 20 are connected on the outer peripheral side thereof.

ガスケット３０は、ポリフェニレンサルファイド（ＰＰＳ）を主成分としており、ＰＰＳにオレフィン系エラストマーを含有した樹脂組成物からなる。ガスケット３０は、正極缶１０の周壁部１２と負極缶２０の周壁部２２との間に挟みこまれるように配置されている。また、ガスケット３０は、負極缶２０の周壁部２２の開口端と正極缶１０の底部１１との間に挟み込まれるように配置されている。具体的には、ガスケット３０は、リング状のベース部３１と、該ベース部３１の外周縁から突出する外筒壁３２と、該ベース部３１の内周縁から該外筒壁３２と同じ方向に伸びる内筒壁３３とを備える。本実施形態では、ガスケット３０は、ベース部３１、外筒壁３２及び内筒壁３３が一体で形成されている。   The gasket 30 is mainly composed of polyphenylene sulfide (PPS), and is made of a resin composition containing an olefin elastomer in PPS. The gasket 30 is disposed so as to be sandwiched between the peripheral wall portion 12 of the positive electrode can 10 and the peripheral wall portion 22 of the negative electrode can 20. Further, the gasket 30 is disposed so as to be sandwiched between the open end of the peripheral wall portion 22 of the negative electrode can 20 and the bottom portion 11 of the positive electrode can 10. Specifically, the gasket 30 includes a ring-shaped base portion 31, an outer cylindrical wall 32 protruding from the outer peripheral edge of the base portion 31, and the outer peripheral wall 32 from the inner peripheral edge of the base portion 31 in the same direction. And an extending inner cylinder wall 33. In the present embodiment, the gasket 30 is formed integrally with a base portion 31, an outer cylindrical wall 32, and an inner cylindrical wall 33.

また、ガスケット３０は、負極缶２０の拡径部２２ｂを覆うように配置されている。すなわち、ガスケット３０は、負極缶２０の拡径部２２ｂが、ガスケット３０の外筒壁３２と内筒壁３３との間に位置づけられるように、負極缶２０の拡径部２２ｂに配置されている。これにより、ガスケット３０の外筒壁３２は、正極缶１０の周壁部１２と負極缶２０の周壁部２２との間に挟みこまれる。ガスケット３０のベース部３１及び外筒壁３２は、正極缶１０と負極缶２０との間に挟みこまれた状態で、該正極缶１０と負極缶２０との隙間をシール可能な厚みを有する。   Further, the gasket 30 is disposed so as to cover the enlarged diameter portion 22 b of the negative electrode can 20. That is, the gasket 30 is disposed in the enlarged diameter portion 22b of the negative electrode can 20 so that the enlarged diameter portion 22b of the negative electrode can 20 is positioned between the outer cylindrical wall 32 and the inner cylindrical wall 33 of the gasket 30. . Thereby, the outer cylindrical wall 32 of the gasket 30 is sandwiched between the peripheral wall portion 12 of the positive electrode can 10 and the peripheral wall portion 22 of the negative electrode can 20. The base portion 31 and the outer cylindrical wall 32 of the gasket 30 have a thickness capable of sealing the gap between the positive electrode can 10 and the negative electrode can 20 while being sandwiched between the positive electrode can 10 and the negative electrode can 20.

このように、正極缶１０の周壁部１２と負極缶２０の周壁部２２との間にガスケット３０を配置することにより、該正極缶１０と負極缶２０とをそれらの外周側で絶縁することができる。また、正極缶１０の周壁部１２と負極缶２０の周壁部２２との間にガスケット３０を挟みこんだ状態で、該正極缶１０の周壁部１２を折り曲げて負極缶２０の周壁部２２にかしめることにより、該ガスケット３０によって正極缶１０の周壁部１２と負極缶２０の周壁部２２との間を封止することができる。すなわち、ガスケット３０は、正極缶１０の周壁部１２と負極缶２０の段部２２ｃとの間に挟みこまれる外筒壁３２、及び、負極缶２０の周壁部２２の開口端と正極缶１０の底部１１との間に挟みこまれるベース部３１が、それぞれ、シールとして機能する。   Thus, by arranging the gasket 30 between the peripheral wall portion 12 of the positive electrode can 10 and the peripheral wall portion 22 of the negative electrode can 20, the positive electrode can 10 and the negative electrode can 20 can be insulated on the outer peripheral side thereof. it can. In addition, with the gasket 30 sandwiched between the peripheral wall portion 12 of the positive electrode can 10 and the peripheral wall portion 22 of the negative electrode can 20, the peripheral wall portion 12 of the positive electrode can 10 is folded and connected to the peripheral wall portion 22 of the negative electrode can 20. By tightening, the gasket 30 can seal between the peripheral wall portion 12 of the positive electrode can 10 and the peripheral wall portion 22 of the negative electrode can 20. That is, the gasket 30 includes the outer cylindrical wall 32 sandwiched between the peripheral wall portion 12 of the positive electrode can 10 and the step portion 22 c of the negative electrode can 20, and the opening end of the peripheral wall portion 22 of the negative electrode can 20 and the positive electrode can 10. The base portions 31 sandwiched between the bottom portion 11 each function as a seal.

発電要素４０は、金属多孔質体の空孔内に正極合剤が充填された正極材４１と、金属多孔質体の空孔内に負極合剤が充填された負極材４２と、正極材４１と負極材４２とを絶縁するためのセパレータ４３とを備えている。   The power generation element 40 includes a positive electrode material 41 in which the positive electrode mixture is filled in the pores of the metal porous body, a negative electrode material 42 in which the negative electrode mixture is filled in the pores of the metal porous body, and the positive electrode material 41. And a separator 43 for insulating the negative electrode material 42 from each other.

図１に示すように、正極材４１及び負極材４２は、正極缶１０及び負極缶２０の間に形成される空間Ｓ内に扁平形電池１の軸線方向に積層されるように配置されている。すなわち、正極材４１及び負極材４２は、それらの厚み方向に積層されている。また、正極材４１は、正極缶１０の内方に位置付けられている一方、負極材４２は、負極缶２０の内方に位置付けられている。正極材４１と負極材４２との間にはセパレータ４３が配置されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the positive electrode material 41 and the negative electrode material 42 are arranged so as to be stacked in the axial direction of the flat battery 1 in a space S formed between the positive electrode can 10 and the negative electrode can 20. . That is, the positive electrode material 41 and the negative electrode material 42 are laminated in the thickness direction thereof. The positive electrode material 41 is positioned inside the positive electrode can 10, while the negative electrode material 42 is positioned inside the negative electrode can 20. A separator 43 is disposed between the positive electrode material 41 and the negative electrode material 42.

正極材４１は、アルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金の金属多孔質体からなる正極集電体４１ａ（集電体）と、該正極集電体４１ａの空孔内に充填された正極合剤４１ｂ（合剤）とを有する。正極材４１は、粉末状の正極合剤４１ｂを水、Ｎ−メチルピロリドン、ジメチルホルムアミドなどの溶剤に分散させることにより得られたペーストを、金属多孔質体からなる正極集電体４１ａに含浸させた後、焼成することにより得られる。   The positive electrode material 41 includes a positive electrode current collector 41a (current collector) made of a metal porous body of aluminum or an aluminum alloy, and a positive electrode mixture 41b (mixture) filled in the pores of the positive electrode current collector 41a. And have. The positive electrode material 41 is obtained by impregnating a positive electrode current collector 41a made of a metal porous body with a paste obtained by dispersing a powdered positive electrode mixture 41b in a solvent such as water, N-methylpyrrolidone, or dimethylformamide. And then firing.

正極集電体４１ａを構成する金属多孔質体は、連続した開孔を有する海綿状の多孔質体が好ましい。これにより、充放電サイクルを繰り返しても導電性ネットワークが維持されるため、内部抵抗の増大を防止できるとともに、電極の膨張も抑制できる。金属多孔質体の開孔径は、金属多孔質体に対する前記ペーストの浸潤性の観点から、例えば２０μｍから１ｍｍが好ましい。特に、金属多孔質体の開孔径は、０．５ｍｍが好ましい。   The metal porous body constituting the positive electrode current collector 41a is preferably a spongy porous body having continuous openings. Thereby, even if it repeats charging / discharging cycles, since an electroconductive network is maintained, while increasing an internal resistance can be prevented, the expansion | swelling of an electrode can also be suppressed. The pore diameter of the metal porous body is preferably 20 μm to 1 mm, for example, from the viewpoint of the infiltration property of the paste with respect to the metal porous body. In particular, the pore diameter of the metal porous body is preferably 0.5 mm.

金属多孔質体の開孔率は、６０％よりも大きく９９％以下が好ましい。開孔率が６０％以下では、金属多孔質体に対する前記ペーストの浸潤率が低い。開孔率が９５％の場合には、特に、金属多孔質体に対する前記ペーストの浸潤性が高い。   The porosity of the metal porous body is preferably greater than 60% and 99% or less. When the porosity is 60% or less, the infiltration rate of the paste with respect to the metal porous body is low. When the open area ratio is 95%, the infiltration property of the paste with respect to the metal porous body is particularly high.

正極合剤４１ｂは、正極活物質と、導電助剤と、バインダとを混合して形成されている。正極活物質として、マンガン酸リチウム、リチウムニッケル複合酸化物、リチウムコバルト複合酸化物、リチウムニッケルコバルト複合酸化物、酸化バナジウム、または酸化モリブデン等を用いることができる。導電助剤として、黒鉛、カーボンブラック、またはアセチレンブラック等を用いることができる。バインダとして、ポリイミド、ポリアミドイミド、ポリテトラフルオロエチレン（ＰＴＦＥ）、およびポリフッ化ビニリデン（ＰＶＤＦ）等を、単独または混合して用いることができる。   The positive electrode mixture 41b is formed by mixing a positive electrode active material, a conductive additive, and a binder. As the positive electrode active material, lithium manganate, lithium nickel composite oxide, lithium cobalt composite oxide, lithium nickel cobalt composite oxide, vanadium oxide, molybdenum oxide, or the like can be used. As the conductive assistant, graphite, carbon black, acetylene black, or the like can be used. As the binder, polyimide, polyamideimide, polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF), or the like can be used alone or in combination.

正極集電体４１ａは、シート状の金属多孔質体を、例えば円形状に切断することにより得られる。具体的には、正極集電体４１ａは、図２に示すように、ピナクル（登録商標）型などの加工具５０を用いて所定の形状（本実施形態では円形状）に打ち抜くことにより得られる。そのため、正極集電体４１ａの外周縁部の少なくとも一部には、加工具によって打ち抜く際に、正極集電体４１ａの厚み方向に突出するようにバリ４１ｃが形成される。すなわち、このバリ４１ｃは、打ち抜きバリである。
The positive electrode current collector 41a is obtained by cutting a sheet-like metal porous body into a circular shape, for example. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, the positive electrode current collector 41a is obtained by punching into a predetermined shape (circular shape in the present embodiment) using a processing tool 50 such as a Pinnacle (registered trademark) mold. . Therefore, a burr 41c is formed on at least a part of the outer peripheral edge of the positive electrode current collector 41a so as to protrude in the thickness direction of the positive electrode current collector 41a when punched out by a processing tool. That is, this burr 41c is a punching burr.

負極材４２は、銅または銅合金の金属多孔質体からなる負極集電体４２ａ（集電体）と、該負極集電体４２ａの空孔内に充填された負極合剤４２ｂ（合剤）とを有する。負極材４２は、粉末状の負極合剤４２ｂを水、Ｎ−メチルピロリドン、ジメチルホルムアミドなどの溶剤に分散させることにより得られたペーストを、金属多孔質体からなる負極集電体４２ａに含浸させた後、焼成することにより得られる。   The negative electrode material 42 includes a negative electrode current collector 42a (current collector) made of a metal porous body of copper or copper alloy, and a negative electrode mixture 42b (mixture) filled in the pores of the negative electrode current collector 42a. And have. The negative electrode material 42 is obtained by impregnating a negative electrode current collector 42a made of a metal porous body with a paste obtained by dispersing a powdered negative electrode mixture 42b in a solvent such as water, N-methylpyrrolidone, or dimethylformamide. And then firing.

負極集電体４２ａを構成する金属多孔質体は、正極集電体４１ａを構成する金属多孔質体と同様の構成なので、詳しい説明を省略する。   Since the metal porous body which comprises the negative electrode collector 42a is the structure similar to the metal porous body which comprises the positive electrode collector 41a, detailed description is abbreviate | omitted.

負極合剤４２ｂは、負極活物質と、バインダとを混合して形成されている。負極活物質として、天然黒鉛、メソフェーズカーボン、または非晶質カーボン等を用いることができる。バインダとして、カルボキシメチルセルロース（ＣＭＣ）およびヒドロキシプロピルセルロース（ＨＰＣ）等のセルロース、スチレンブタジエンゴム（ＳＢＲ）、アクリルゴム等のゴムバインダ、ＰＴＦＥ、ならびにＰＶＤＦ等を、単独または混合して用いることができる。   The negative electrode mixture 42b is formed by mixing a negative electrode active material and a binder. As the negative electrode active material, natural graphite, mesophase carbon, amorphous carbon, or the like can be used. As the binder, celluloses such as carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) and hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), rubber binders such as styrene butadiene rubber (SBR) and acrylic rubber, PTFE, PVDF and the like can be used alone or in combination.

負極集電体４２ａは、正極集電体４１ａと同様、シート状の金属多孔質体を、例えば円形状に切断することにより得られる。具体的には、負極集電体４２ａも、正極集電体４１ａと同様、ピナクル型などの加工具を用いて所定の形状（本実施形態では円形状）に打ち抜くことにより得られる。そのため、負極集電体４２ａの外周縁部の少なくとも一部にも、正極集電体４１ａと同様、加工具によって打ち抜く際に、正極集電体４１ａの厚み方向に突出するようにバリ４２ｃが形成される。すなわち、このバリ４２ｃは、打ち抜きバリである。   The negative electrode current collector 42a is obtained by cutting a sheet-like metal porous body into, for example, a circular shape, like the positive electrode current collector 41a. Specifically, the negative electrode current collector 42a is also obtained by punching into a predetermined shape (circular shape in the present embodiment) using a processing tool such as a pinnacle type, like the positive electrode current collector 41a. Therefore, a burr 42c is formed on at least a part of the outer peripheral edge of the negative electrode current collector 42a so as to protrude in the thickness direction of the positive electrode current collector 41a when punched by a processing tool, like the positive electrode current collector 41a. Is done. That is, the burr 42c is a punched burr.

図１に示すように、正極材４１及び負極材４２は、正極集電体４１ａ及び負極集電体４２ａのそれぞれに設けられたバリ４１ｃ，４２ｃが、セパレータ４３とは反対側に位置するように、セパレータ４３に対して積層されている。より詳しくは、正極材４１及び負極材４２は、正極集電体４１ａのバリ４１ｃが正極缶１０側に向かって突出するとともに、負極集電体４２ａのバリ４２ｃが負極缶２０側に向かって突出するように、積層されている。   As shown in FIG. 1, the positive electrode material 41 and the negative electrode material 42 are arranged such that burrs 41 c and 42 c provided on the positive electrode current collector 41 a and the negative electrode current collector 42 a are located on the side opposite to the separator 43. The separator 43 is laminated. More specifically, in the positive electrode material 41 and the negative electrode material 42, the burr 41c of the positive electrode current collector 41a protrudes toward the positive electrode can 10, and the burr 42c of the negative electrode current collector 42a protrudes toward the negative electrode can 20 side. So that they are stacked.

セパレータ４３は、例えばポリプロピレン（ＰＰ）、ポリエチレン（ＰＥ）、ポリエチレンテレフタレート（ＰＥＴ）、ポリブチレンテレフタレート（ＰＢＴ）、またはポリフェニルサルフィド（ＰＰＳ）等の、多孔性フィルムによって形成されている。   The separator 43 is formed of a porous film such as polypropylene (PP), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), or polyphenyl sulfide (PPS).

セパレータ４３の厚みは、正極集電体４１ａに形成されたバリ４１ｃ及び負極集電体４２ａに形成されたバリ４２ｃのそれぞれの突出高さよりも薄い。例えば、正極集電体４１ａ及び負極集電体４２ａの厚みがそれぞれ１ｍｍの場合、バリ４１ｃ、４２ｃの突出高さは約０．１ｍｍである。これに対し、セパレータ４３の厚みは、例えば１０μｍである。   The thickness of the separator 43 is thinner than the protruding heights of the burr 41c formed on the positive electrode current collector 41a and the burr 42c formed on the negative electrode current collector 42a. For example, when the thickness of the positive electrode current collector 41a and the negative electrode current collector 42a is 1 mm, the protruding height of the burrs 41c and 42c is about 0.1 mm. On the other hand, the thickness of the separator 43 is, for example, 10 μm.

このように、セパレータ４３の厚みが正極集電体４１ａ及び負極集電体４２ａのバリ４１ｃ，４２ｃの突出高さよりも薄い場合には、バリ４１ｃ，４２ｃがセパレータ４３に接触するように正極材４１及び負極材４２をセパレータ４３に対して配置すると、バリ４１ｃ，４２ｃがセパレータ４３を突き抜ける可能性が高い。   Thus, when the thickness of the separator 43 is thinner than the protrusion height of the burrs 41 c and 42 c of the positive electrode current collector 41 a and the negative electrode current collector 42 a, the positive electrode material 41 so that the burrs 41 c and 42 c are in contact with the separator 43. If the negative electrode material 42 is disposed with respect to the separator 43, the burrs 41c and 42c are likely to penetrate the separator 43.

これに対し、上述のように、正極集電体４１ａ及び負極集電体４２ａのバリ４１ｃ，４２ｃがセパレータ４３とは反対側に位置するように、正極材４１及び負極材４２をセパレータ４３に対して配置することにより、バリ４１ｃ，４２ｃがセパレータ４３を突き抜けるのを防止できる。   On the other hand, as described above, the positive electrode material 41 and the negative electrode material 42 are separated from the separator 43 so that the burrs 41c and 42c of the positive electrode current collector 41a and the negative electrode current collector 42a are located on the opposite side of the separator 43. The burr 41c, 42c can be prevented from penetrating the separator 43.

なお、電解液は、有機溶媒にリチウム塩を溶解させた溶液である。有機溶媒として、ビニレンカーボネート（ＶＣ）、プロピレンカーボネート（ＰＣ）、エチレンカーボネート（ＥＣ）、ブチレンカーボネート（ＢＣ）、ジメチルカーボネート（ＤＭＣ）、ジエチルカーボネート（ＤＥＣ）、メチルエチルカーボネート（ＭＥＣ）、またはγ‐ブチロラクトン等を、単独でまたは２種類以上を混合して用いることができる。リチウム塩として、ＬｉＰＦ６、ＬｉＢＦ４、またはＬｉＮ（ＣＦ３ＳＯ２）２等を用いることができる。 Note that the electrolytic solution is a solution in which a lithium salt is dissolved in an organic solvent. As an organic solvent, vinylene carbonate (VC), propylene carbonate (PC), ethylene carbonate (EC), butylene carbonate (BC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), diethyl carbonate (DEC), methyl ethyl carbonate (MEC), or γ- Butyrolactone and the like can be used alone or in admixture of two or more. As the lithium salt, LiPF 6 , LiBF 4 , LiN (CF 3 SO 2 ) 2, or the like can be used.

（実施形態の効果）
以上の構成では、正極材４１及び負極材４２を、正極集電体４１ａのバリ４１ｃ及び負極集電体４２ａのバリ４２ｃがセパレータ４３とは反対側に突出するように、セパレータ４３に対して配置する。これにより、正極材４１の正極集電体４１ａ及び負極材４２の負極集電体４２ａのそれぞれのバリ４１ｃ，４２ｃが、セパレータ４３を突き抜けるのを防止できる。したがって、扁平形電池１の内部で短絡が生じるのを防止できる。 (Effect of embodiment)
In the above configuration, the positive electrode material 41 and the negative electrode material 42 are arranged with respect to the separator 43 so that the burr 41c of the positive electrode current collector 41a and the burr 42c of the negative electrode current collector 42a protrude on the opposite side of the separator 43. To do. Accordingly, it is possible to prevent the burrs 41 c and 42 c of the positive electrode current collector 41 a of the positive electrode material 41 and the negative electrode current collector 42 a of the negative electrode material 42 from penetrating the separator 43. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a short circuit from occurring inside the flat battery 1.

しかも、正極集電体４１ａのバリ４１ｃが正極缶１０側に突出するとともに負極集電体４２ａのバリ４２ｃが負極缶２０側に突出するように、正極材４１及び負極材４２を積層することにより、バリ４１ｃ，４２ｃを介して正極材４１及び負極材４２をそれぞれ正極缶１０及び負極缶２０により確実に接触させることができる。これにより、正極集電体４１ａのバリ４１ｃ及び負極集電体４２ａのバリ４２ｃによって、正極材４１及び負極材４２をそれぞれ正極缶１０及び負極缶２０に対してより確実に電気的に接続することができる。   In addition, the positive electrode material 41 and the negative electrode material 42 are laminated so that the burr 41c of the positive electrode current collector 41a protrudes toward the positive electrode can 10 and the burr 42c of the negative electrode current collector 42a protrudes toward the negative electrode can 20. The positive electrode material 41 and the negative electrode material 42 can be reliably brought into contact with the positive electrode can 10 and the negative electrode can 20 through the burrs 41c and 42c, respectively. Thereby, the positive electrode material 41 and the negative electrode material 42 are more reliably electrically connected to the positive electrode can 10 and the negative electrode can 20 by the burr 41c of the positive electrode current collector 41a and the burr 42c of the negative electrode current collector 42a, respectively. Can do.

（その他の実施形態）
以上、本発明の実施の形態を説明したが、上述した実施の形態は本発明を実施するための例示に過ぎない。よって、本発明は上述した実施の形態に限定されることなく、その趣旨を逸脱しない範囲内で上述した実施の形態を適宜変形して実施することが可能である。 (Other embodiments)
While the embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the above-described embodiments are merely examples for carrying out the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented by appropriately modifying the above-described embodiment without departing from the spirit thereof.

前記実施形態では、金属多孔質体からなる集電体の空孔内に合剤を充填することにより、正極材４１及び負極材４２を構成している。しかしながら、正極材及び負極材の一方の構成は、金属箔上に合剤を固化させたもの、合剤のみを固化して形成されたもの、金属材料からなるものなど、前記実施形態とは異なる構成であってもよい。   In the said embodiment, the positive electrode material 41 and the negative electrode material 42 are comprised by filling the mixture in the void | hole of the collector which consists of metal porous bodies. However, one configuration of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material is different from the above-described embodiment, such as one obtained by solidifying a mixture on a metal foil, one formed by solidifying only the mixture, or one made of a metal material. It may be a configuration.

前記実施形態では、正極集電体４１ａは、アルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金の金属多孔質材料によって構成されており、負極集電体４２ａは、銅または銅合金の金属多孔質材料によって構成されている。しかしながら、正極集電体４１ａは、アルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金以外の金属多孔質材料によって構成されていてもよいし、負極集電体４２ａは、銅または銅合金以外の金属多孔質材料によって構成されていてもよい。   In the embodiment, the positive electrode current collector 41a is made of a metal porous material of aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the negative electrode current collector 42a is made of a metal porous material of copper or copper alloy. However, the positive electrode current collector 41a may be made of a metal porous material other than aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the negative electrode current collector 42a is made of a metal porous material other than copper or copper alloy. Also good.

前記実施形態では、正極集電体４１ａ及び負極集電体４２ａをそれぞれシート状の金属多孔質材料から打ち抜く加工具としてピナクル型を用いている。しかしながら、刃を有する加工具であれば、ピナクル型以外の加工具であってもよい。   In the said embodiment, the pinnacle type | mold is used as a processing tool which punches out the positive electrode collector 41a and the negative electrode collector 42a from a sheet-like metal porous material, respectively. However, as long as the processing tool has a blade, a processing tool other than the pinnacle type may be used.

前記実施形態では、正極缶１０を外装缶としていて、負極缶２０を封口缶としているが、逆に正極缶が封口缶で、負極缶が外装缶であってもよい。   In the embodiment, the positive electrode can 10 is an outer can and the negative electrode can 20 is a sealed can. Conversely, the positive electrode can may be a sealed can and the negative electrode can may be an outer can.

前記実施形態では、扁平形電池１はコイン状である。しかしながら、扁平形電池１は、四角柱など、他の形状であってもよい。   In the embodiment, the flat battery 1 has a coin shape. However, the flat battery 1 may have other shapes such as a quadrangular prism.

前記実施形態では、扁平形電池１は、リチウムイオン電池として構成されているが、この限りではなく、他の種類の二次電池であってもよい。また、二次電池ではなく、一次電池であってもよい。   In the said embodiment, although the flat battery 1 is comprised as a lithium ion battery, it is not restricted to this, A secondary battery of another kind may be sufficient. Moreover, not a secondary battery but a primary battery may be sufficient.

前記実施形態では、正極集電体４１ａはアルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金の金属多孔質体によって構成され、負極集電体４２ａは銅または銅合金の金属多孔質体によって構成されている。しかしながら、電池として機能可能であれば、正極集電体及び負極集電体を、Ｎｉ−Ｃｒ、ＳＵＳ等の他の金属材料の多孔質体によって構成してもよい。   In the above-described embodiment, the positive electrode current collector 41a is made of a porous metal body made of aluminum or aluminum alloy, and the negative electrode current collector 42a is made of a metal porous body made of copper or copper alloy. However, as long as it can function as a battery, the positive electrode current collector and the negative electrode current collector may be formed of a porous body of another metal material such as Ni—Cr or SUS.

本発明による扁平形電池は、金属多孔質体によって集電体が構成された薄型の電池に利用可能である。   The flat battery according to the present invention can be used for a thin battery in which a current collector is composed of a metal porous body.

１ 扁平形電池
１０ 正極缶（外装缶）
２０ 負極缶（封口缶）
４１ 正極材
４１ａ 正極集電体（集電体）
４１ｂ 正極合剤（合剤）
４１ｃ バリ
４２ 負極材
４２ａ 負極集電体（集電体）
４２ｂ 負極合剤（合剤）
４２ｃ バリ
４３ セパレータ
５０ 加工具 1 Flat battery 10 Positive electrode can (exterior can)
20 Negative electrode can (sealed can)
41 Positive electrode material 41a Positive electrode current collector (current collector)
41b Positive electrode mixture (mixture)
41c Burr 42 Negative electrode material 42a Negative electrode current collector (current collector)
42b Negative electrode mixture (mixture)
42c Burr 43 Separator 50 Processing tool

Claims (5)

周壁部が軸線方向に延びる有底筒状の外装缶と、
前記外装缶の開口を覆う有底筒状の封口缶と、
前記外装缶と前記封口缶との間に形成される空間内に、前記軸線方向に積層された状態で配置される正極材及び負極材と、
前記正極材と前記負極材との間に配置されるセパレータとを備え、
前記正極材及び前記負極材の少なくとも一方は、厚み方向に連続して位置する複数の開孔を有する海綿状の金属多孔質体からなる集電体と、該集電体の空孔内に充填される合剤とを有し、
前記集電体は、外周縁部の少なくとも一部に、該集電体の厚み方向に突出するバリを有し、
前記集電体を有する前記正極材及び前記負極材の少なくとも一方は、前記バリが前記セパレータとは反対側に突出するように、該セパレータに対して配置されている、扁平形電
池。 A bottomed cylindrical outer can whose peripheral wall extends in the axial direction;
A bottomed cylindrical sealing can covering the opening of the outer can;
In a space formed between the outer can and the sealing can, a positive electrode material and a negative electrode material arranged in a state of being stacked in the axial direction,
A separator disposed between the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material;
At least one of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material is filled in a current collector made of a sponge-like metal porous body having a plurality of openings continuously located in the thickness direction, and filled in the holes of the current collector A combination of
The current collector has a burr projecting in the thickness direction of the current collector on at least a part of the outer peripheral edge,
A flat battery in which at least one of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material having the current collector is disposed with respect to the separator such that the burr protrudes on the opposite side of the separator. 請求項１に記載の扁平形電池において、
前記集電体を有する前記正極材及び前記負極材の少なくとも一方は、前記バリが前記外装缶及び前記封口缶のいずれか一方に接触するように、前記空間内に配置される、扁平形電池。 The flat battery according to claim 1,
The flat battery, wherein at least one of the positive electrode material and the negative electrode material having the current collector is disposed in the space such that the burr contacts either one of the outer can or the sealed can. 請求項１または２に記載の扁平形電池において、
前記セパレータは、その厚みが前記バリの突出高さよりも薄い、扁平形電池。 The flat battery according to claim 1 or 2,
The separator is a flat battery whose thickness is thinner than the protruding height of the burr. 請求項１から３のいずれか一つに記載の扁平形電池において、
前記集電体は、０．１ｍｍよりも厚い、扁平形電池。 The flat battery according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The current collector is a flat battery thicker than 0.1 mm. 請求項１から４のいずれか一つに記載の扁平形電池において、
前記集電体は、金属多孔質体のシートを加工具によって打ち抜くことにより形成される、扁平形電池。
The flat battery according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
The current collector is a flat battery formed by punching a sheet of a metal porous body with a processing tool.
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