JP6338837B2 - Coastal dike - Google Patents

Coastal dike Download PDF

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JP6338837B2
JP6338837B2 JP2013197013A JP2013197013A JP6338837B2 JP 6338837 B2 JP6338837 B2 JP 6338837B2 JP 2013197013 A JP2013197013 A JP 2013197013A JP 2013197013 A JP2013197013 A JP 2013197013A JP 6338837 B2 JP6338837 B2 JP 6338837B2
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scouring
levee
coastal
honeycomb
embankment
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JP2015063806A (en
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尚希 竜田
尚希 竜田
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Maeda Kosen Co Ltd
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
    • Y02A10/11—Hard structures, e.g. dams, dykes or breakwaters

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Description

本発明は裏法尻部の洗掘を経済的に防止して堤防の耐久性を高めた海岸堤防に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a coastal embankment that economically prevents backside scouring and enhances the durability of the embankment.

東日本大震災では、千年に一度と言われる大津波により東北太平洋岸の多くの海岸堤防が大破し、陸地側に甚大な被害を与えた。
図７に示すように、従来の海岸堤防は、土構造物の堤防本体１０の表法面１１のみをコンクリート製の硬質層２０で覆った構造（Ａ）、または堤防本体１０の表法面１１、天端面１２および裏法面１３の三面を硬質層２０，２１，２２で覆った構造（Ｂ）が大半である。 In the Great East Japan Earthquake, many coastal dikes on the Tohoku Pacific Coast were severely damaged by a large tsunami once a thousand years, causing extensive damage to the land.
As shown in FIG. 7, the conventional coastal dike has a structure (A) in which only the surface slope 11 of the levee body 10 of the earth structure is covered with a hard layer 20 made of concrete, or the face slope 11 of the levee body 10. In most cases, the structure (B) is such that the top surface 12 and the back surface 13 are covered with the hard layers 20, 21, and 22.

「日経コンストラクション ２０１２年３月１２日号」株式会社日経ＢＰマーケティング発行 ｐ．５２〜ｐ．５３“Nikkei Construction March 12, 2012 issue” Nikkei BP Marketing Co., Ltd. p. 52-p. 53

従来の海岸堤防にあっては次のような問題点がある。
＜１＞津波Ｗの越波により特に浸食して破壊され易いのは、堤防陸側の裏法尻部１４と裏法面１３である。
海岸堤防を越流した津波Ｗは裏法面１３側に流れ込み、裏法尻部１４を洗掘する。裏法尻部１４の洗掘をきっかけに、同図の二点鎖線で示すように海岸堤防の裏法面１３の破壊と堤防本体１０を構成する土砂の流出が並行して進行し、最終的に海岸堤防が一気に崩壊する。
＜２＞東日本大震災では多くの海岸堤防が、津波の越波によって一瞬にして堤防機能を喪失してしまった
避難時間の確保の観点からも、海岸堤防を崩壊し難くして崩壊時間を延長できる技術の提案が切望されている。
＜３＞裏法尻部１４の洗掘を抑制する手段として、裏法尻部１４を大重量のコンクリートブロックやコンクリート覆工層で被覆する方法が提案されている。
この防護工は裏法尻部１４の洗掘防止効果を期待できるものの、施工費用が高くつく問題と長期に亘る維持管理コストが嵩むといった問題がある。
＜４＞被災した一部の自治体では、全長が数十ｋｍにもおよぶ長大な海岸堤防の構築を計画している。
上記した＜３＞の対策工を長大な海岸堤防の全長に亘り採用しようとした場合、１スパン当たりの施工費が高額となるため、総工費が一自治体では賄いきれないほどの莫大なものとなって、工事の実現化を困難なものにしている。 Conventional coastal dikes have the following problems.
<1> It is the back slope 14 and the back slope 13 on the levee land side that are particularly eroded and destroyed by the overtopping of the tsunami W.
The tsunami W that overflowed the coastal dike flows into the back slope 13 and scours the back edge 14. As a result of the scouring of the back butt 14, the destruction of the back slope 13 of the coastal levee and the outflow of the earth and sand constituting the levee body 10 proceed in parallel as shown by the two-dot chain line in FIG. The coastal dike collapses at once.
<2> Many coastal embankments lost their embankment function instantly due to the tsunami overtopping in the Great East Japan Earthquake From the viewpoint of securing evacuation time, a technology that makes it difficult to collapse the coastal embankment and extends the collapse time Proposals are eagerly desired.
<3> As a means for suppressing the scouring of the back surface bottom portion 14, a method of covering the back surface bottom portion 14 with a heavy concrete block or a concrete lining layer has been proposed.
Although this protective work can be expected to prevent scouring of the back end 14, there are problems that the construction cost is high and the maintenance cost over a long period of time is increased.
<4> Some affected local governments are planning to construct a long coastal dike with a total length of several tens of kilometers.
If the above-mentioned countermeasure work <3> is to be adopted over the entire length of a long coastal dike, the construction cost per span will be high, and the total construction cost will be too large for a local government to cover. As a result, it is difficult to realize the construction.

本発明は以上の点に鑑みて成されたもので、その目的とするところはつぎの何れかひとつの海岸堤防を提供することにある。
＜１＞施工費の大幅削減と海岸堤防の崩壊抑制を両立させた津波対策技術を提案すること。
＜２＞海岸堤防を津波に対して粘り強い構造にすること。
＜３＞安価な資材と簡易な施工で以て海岸堤防の少なくとも裏法尻部の洗掘を抑制すること。 The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and its object is to provide any one of the following coastal dikes.
<1> Propose tsunami countermeasure technology that achieves both significant reduction in construction costs and suppression of coastal bank collapse.
<2> Make the coastal dike structure tenacious against tsunami.
<3> Suppress the scouring of at least the back of the coastal dike with inexpensive materials and simple construction.

本発明は土構造の堤防本体と、該堤防本体を被覆する硬質層とを具備する海岸堤防であって、前記堤防本体の少なくとも堤防本体の裏面裾部を起点として、この裏面裾部から陸側へ向けて予測される津波の越波により洗掘のおそれがある範囲までの背面地盤である裏法尻部に可撓性を有するシート状またはハニカム構造の洗掘防止体の何れか一つ、または両方を敷設し、前記洗掘防止体により裏法尻部の土砂の吸出しを抑止したことを特徴とする。
前記洗掘防止体は、堤防本体の裏法尻部と堤防本体の海側内部の区間に亘って連続して敷設してもよい。
さらに前記海岸堤防において、堤防本体の表法尻部に、可撓性を有するシート状またはハニカム構造の洗掘防止体の何れか一つ、または両方を追加して敷設してもよい。
前記したシート状の洗掘防止体は、ジオテキスタイルである。
前記ハニカム構造の洗掘防止体は、可撓性を有するハニカム立体拘束体と、該ハニカム立体拘束体内に充填する中詰材とにより構成し、展開したハニカム立体拘束体に充填した中詰材を転圧して締め固めする。

The present invention is a coastal embankment comprising a levee body having a soil structure and a hard layer covering the levee body, and starting from at least the back hem of the levee body from the back hem to the land side Either one of a sheet-like or honeycomb-structured scouring prevention body having flexibility in the back bottom, which is the back ground to the extent that there is a risk of scouring due to the tsunami overcoming predicted Both are laid down, and the scouring prevention body suppresses the sucking out of earth and sand at the back butt.
The scouring prevention body may be laid continuously over the backside bottom of the levee body and the section on the sea side of the levee body.
Further, in the coastal dike, either one or both of a sheet-like or honeycomb structure scouring prevention body having flexibility may be additionally laid on the outer surface of the embankment main body.
The sheet-like scouring prevention body described above is a geotextile.
The honeycomb structure scouring prevention body is composed of a honeycomb honeycomb constraining body having flexibility and a filling material filled in the honeycomb three-dimensional constraint body. Compress and compact.

本発明は少なくとも次の一つの効果を得ることができる。
＜１＞本発明では堤防本体の少なくとも裏法尻部に可撓性を有するシート状またはハニカム構造の洗掘防止体を敷設するだけで、裏法尻部の土砂の吸出しを効果的に抑止できる。
裏法尻部に大重量のコンクリートブロックやコンクリート覆工層で被覆した従来の洗掘防止技術が達成できなかった施工費の大幅削減と海岸堤防の崩壊抑制を両立が可能となる。
＜２＞可撓性を有する洗掘防止体を敷設するだけで、堤防崩壊の起点となる法尻部の洗掘を効果的に抑止できるだけでなく、法尻部の洗掘を抑止期間は、堤防本体の裏法面の浸食も抑止されるから、堤防機能を長時間維持できて、海岸堤防の全体に粘り強さを付与できる。
＜３＞本発明で使用する可撓性を有する洗掘防止体は、従来の大重量のコンクリートブロックやコンクリート覆工層と比べて、安価な市販品を使用できるとともに、その施工も簡易に済む。
したがって、１スパン当たりの施工費を大幅に圧縮できて、全長が数十ｋｍにもおよぶ長大な海岸堤防であっても実現可能である。 The present invention can obtain at least one of the following effects.
<1> In the present invention, it is possible to effectively suppress the sucking out of earth and sand at the backside of the backside by simply laying a flexible sheet-like or honeycomb structure scouring prevention body at least at the backside of the backside of the levee body. .
It is possible to achieve both a significant reduction in construction costs and the suppression of the collapse of the coastal dike, which could not be achieved by the conventional scouring prevention technology in which the back butt was covered with heavy concrete blocks and concrete lining layers.
<2> By simply laying a scouring prevention body having flexibility, not only can the scouring of the buttock that is the starting point of the levee collapse be effectively suppressed, Since erosion of the back slope of the levee body is also suppressed, the levee function can be maintained for a long time, and tenacity can be imparted to the entire coastal levee.
<3> The scouring prevention body having flexibility used in the present invention can be used as an inexpensive commercial product and can be easily constructed as compared with conventional heavy concrete blocks and concrete lining layers. .
Therefore, the construction cost per span can be greatly reduced, and even a long coastal dike with a total length of several tens of kilometers can be realized.

本発明に係る海岸堤防の横断図Cross section of coastal dike according to the present invention 海岸堤防の裏法尻部の断面図Cross-sectional view of the backside of the coastal dike 洗掘防止体を多段的に敷設した海岸堤防の裏法尻部の断面図Cross-sectional view of the back edge of the coastal dike with multi-stage scouring prevention bodies ハニカム構造の洗掘防止体を敷設した海岸堤防の裏法尻部の斜視図Perspective view of the back edge of the coastal dike with a honeycomb structure scouring prevention body 図４に示した海岸堤防の裏法尻部の断面図Sectional view of the back edge of the coastal dike shown in Figure 4 ハニカム構造の洗掘防止体を敷設した裏法尻部の断面図Cross-sectional view of the backside of the scouring prevention body with a honeycomb structure 従来の海岸堤防のモデル図で、（Ａ）は堤防本体の表法面を硬質層で覆工した海岸堤防の断面図、（Ｂ）は堤防本体の全面を硬質層で覆工した海岸堤防の断面図A model of a conventional shore embankment. (A) is a cross-sectional view of a shore embankment where the surface of the levee body is covered with a hard layer. Cross section

以下に図面を参照しながら、本発明の実施形態ついて詳細に説明する。   Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

＜１＞海岸堤防の概要
図１に示すように、本発明が前提とする海岸堤防は、土構造の堤防本体１０と、堤防本体１０の一部の面または前面を覆工する硬質層とを具備する。
本発明では、堤防本体１０の少なくとも裏法尻部１４に可撓性を有する洗掘防止体３０を敷設して、裏法尻部１４の土砂の吸出しを抑止するようにした。 <1> Outline of Coastal Embankment As shown in FIG. 1, a coastal embankment assumed by the present invention includes an embankment main body 10 having a soil structure and a hard layer that covers a part of or a front surface of the embankment main body 10. It has.
In the present invention, the scouring prevention body 30 having flexibility is laid on at least the back butt portion 14 of the levee body 10 so as to suppress the suction of soil from the back butt portion 14.

＜２＞堤防本体
堤防本体１０は前法面１１、天端面１２、裏法面１３を有する断面略台形を呈する既設または新設の土構造物である。
また堤防本体１０は良質土に限定されず、震災等発生した大量のコンクリートガレキ等を充填して構築したものや公知の各種堤体を含む。 <2> Embankment Body The embankment body 10 is an existing or new earth structure having a substantially trapezoidal cross section having a front slope 11, a top end face 12, and a back slope 13.
Moreover, the levee body 10 is not limited to high-quality soil, and includes one constructed by filling a large amount of concrete debris or the like generated in the event of an earthquake disaster or various known levee bodies.

＜３＞硬質層
硬質層は堤防本体１０の表面を保護する保護部材であり、ブレキャスト製のブロックの他に、現場打設によるコンクリート覆工、またはこれらを併用した形態を含む。
本例では堤防本体１０の前法面１１、天端面１２、裏法面１３の三面をコンクリート製の硬質層２０〜２２で被覆した形態を示すが、硬質層の覆工形態は図示した形態に限定されず、例えば裏法面１３を露出した形態であってもよい。 <3> Hard layer The hard layer is a protective member that protects the surface of the levee body 10, and includes a concrete lining by on-site placement or a combination of these in addition to a block made of brecast.
In this example, a form in which the front slope 11, the top end face 12, and the back slope 13 of the levee body 10 are covered with the hard layers 20 to 22 made of concrete is shown. For example, the back surface 13 may be exposed.

＜４＞洗掘防止体
洗掘防止体３０は構造体自身の強度によって洗掘を防止する構造体であり、本例では洗掘防止体３０が透水性を有するシート状のジオテキスタイルである場合について説明するが、不透水性または難透水性のシート状物であってもよい。 <4> Anti-scouring body The anti-scouring body 30 is a structure that prevents scouring by the strength of the structure itself. In this example, the anti-scouring body 30 is a sheet-like geotextile having water permeability. As will be described, it may be an impermeable or hardly permeable sheet.

＜４．１＞ジオテキスタイル
ジオテキスタイルはコンクリート製品と比べて、安価、軽量で取り扱いが容易な土木シートを使用することができる。
洗掘防止体３０としてジオテキスタイルを用いるのは、ジオテキスタイルで以て流水エネルギーの伝達を阻止し、敷設したジオテキスタイルの内方の土粒子の移動を拘束するためである。 <4.1> Geotextile Geotextile can use a civil engineering sheet that is cheaper, lighter and easier to handle than concrete products.
The reason why the geotextile is used as the scouring prevention body 30 is to prevent the transmission of flowing water energy by the geotextile and to restrain the movement of the soil particles inside the laid geotextile.

＜４．２＞洗掘防止体の敷設範囲
図１では、堤防本体１０の三面（前法面１１、天端面１２、裏法面１３）の他に、表法尻部１５と裏法尻部１４の範囲に亘り、連続性を持たせて洗掘防止体３０を敷設した形態について示すが、洗掘防止体３０は少なくとも裏法尻部１４の範囲に亘って敷設してあればよい。
より望ましくは、裏法尻部１４の範囲を超えた広い範囲まで敷設しておくとよい。
「裏法尻部１４」とは、堤防本体１０の裏面裾部を起点として、この裏面裾部から陸側へ向けて予測される津波Ｗの越波により洗掘のおそれがある所定の範囲（５ｍ〜１０ｍ程度）までの背面地盤を指す。 <4.2> Laying range of scouring prevention body In FIG. 1, in addition to the three sides of the levee body 10 (the front slope 11, the top end face 12, and the back slope 13), a front edge 15 and a back edge 14 shows a form in which the scouring prevention body 30 is laid in a continuous manner over the range of 14, but the scouring prevention body 30 only needs to be laid over at least the range of the back butt portion 14.
More preferably, it is good to lay to the wide range beyond the range of the back bottom 14.
“Backside butt 14” refers to a predetermined range (5 m) where there is a risk of scouring due to the overtopping of the tsunami W predicted from the back hem to the land side starting from the back skirt of the levee body 10 It refers to the back ground up to about 10m).

洗掘防止体３０の敷設範囲を裏法尻部１４にしたのは、裏法尻部１４が津波Ｗの越波により洗掘され易い場所であるからである。
図示したように、堤防本体１０の裏法面１３と裏法尻部１４に跨って洗掘防止体３０を敷設しておけば、裏法尻部１４だけでなく裏法面１３においても土砂の吸出しを抑止できる。 The reason why the scouring prevention body 30 is laid out is the back butt portion 14 because the back butt portion 14 is easily scoured by the overtopping of the tsunami W.
As shown in the figure, if the scouring prevention body 30 is laid across the back slope 13 and the back bottom 14 of the levee body 10, the soil is not only on the back slope 14 but also on the back slope 13. Suction can be suppressed.

＜４．３＞洗掘防止体の形成方法
堤防本体１０の裏法尻部１４の範囲に亘ってシート状の洗掘防止体３０を敷設し、その上面を覆土して転圧するだけの簡易な施工で洗掘防止体３０を設置できる。
堤防本体１０の裏法面１３と裏法尻部１４に跨ってシート状の洗掘防止体３０を敷設する場合は、裏法面１３の露出面と裏法尻部１４に跨ってシート状の洗掘防止体３０を敷設した後に、裏法面１３を硬質層２２で覆工する。
堤防本体１０の三面（前法面１１、天端面１２、裏法面１３）の他に、表法尻部１５と裏法尻部１４の範囲に亘って設置する場合は、堤防本体１０の露出面に洗掘防止体３０を連続して敷設した後に硬質層２０〜２２を覆工する。 <4.3> Method of forming scouring prevention body A simple squeeze prevention body 30 is laid over the range of the back bottom 14 of the levee body 10, and the upper surface is covered with soil and rolled. The scouring prevention body 30 can be installed by construction.
When laying the sheet-like scouring prevention body 30 across the back slope 13 and the back bottom 14 of the levee body 10, the sheet-like scour prevention body 30 extends across the exposed surface of the back slope 13 and the back bottom 14. After the scouring prevention body 30 is laid, the back slope 13 is covered with the hard layer 22.
In addition to the three sides of the levee body 10 (the front slope 11, the top end face 12, and the back slope 13), the levee body 10 is exposed when it is installed over the range of the front edge 15 and the back edge 14. After the scouring prevention body 30 is continuously laid on the surface, the hard layers 20 to 22 are covered.

＜５＞洗掘防止作用
図１において、海岸堤防を越流した裏法面１３側に流れ込み、裏法尻部１４を洗掘しようとする。
裏法尻部１４に敷設したシート状の洗掘防止体３０は、津波Ｗの流水エネルギーが地盤へ伝わるのを阻止する。
すなわち、洗掘防止体３０は、洗掘防止体３０の下方の地盤の土粒子の移動を拘束する。
一般に洗掘は土粒子の移動を伴う現象であるから、洗掘防止体３０が津波Ｗの流水エネルギーによる土粒子の移動を拘束することで、裏法尻部１４には洗掘を生じない。
本発明では裏法尻部１４の洗掘を効果的に抑止できことから、堤防本体１０へ洗掘が及ぶことはない。 <5> Anti-scouring action In FIG. 1, it flows into the back slope 13 side that overflowed the coastal dike and tries to scour the back edge 14.
The sheet-like scouring prevention body 30 laid on the backside butt portion 14 prevents the flowing water energy of the tsunami W from being transmitted to the ground.
That is, the scour preventing body 30 restrains the movement of soil particles on the ground below the scour preventing body 30.
In general, scouring is a phenomenon accompanied by movement of soil particles, so that the scouring prevention body 30 restrains the movement of soil particles by the flowing water energy of the tsunami W, so that no scouring occurs in the back-side butt portion 14.
In the present invention, since the scouring of the back butt portion 14 can be effectively suppressed, the scouring does not reach the levee body 10.

このように、津波Ｗが裏法尻部１４に衝突した際には、裏法尻部１４は衝撃荷重を受けて多少窪み変形を生じるだけである。
裏法尻部１４の洗掘が抑止されている間は、裏法面１３、天端面、および表法面１１の浸食も抑止できるから、堤防機能を長時間維持することができる。
換言すれば、裏法尻部１４に洗掘防止体３０を敷設するだけで、堤防崩壊の起点となる裏法尻部１４の洗掘を効果的に抑止できるから、堤防本体１０の全体に粘り強さを付与できる。 As described above, when the tsunami W collides with the back-side butt portion 14, the back-side butt portion 14 receives only an impact load and only slightly deforms.
Since erosion of the back slope 13, the top end face, and the front slope 11 can be suppressed while scouring of the back edge 14 is suppressed, the levee function can be maintained for a long time.
In other words, simply laying the anti-scouring body 30 on the back butt 14 can effectively prevent scouring of the back skirt 14 that is the starting point of the levee collapse. Can be given.

万一、津波Ｗの衝撃エネルギーが繰り返し作用して洗掘防止体３０の破断強度を超えると、洗掘防止体３０が破損する。
洗掘防止体３０が破損して裏法尻部１４の洗掘が開始するまでの時間は堤防機能を喪失しないので、従来の海岸堤防と比べて避難時間を大幅に延長することができる。 If the impact energy of the tsunami W repeatedly acts and exceeds the breaking strength of the scouring prevention body 30, the scouring prevention body 30 is damaged.
Since the dyke function is not lost during the time until the scouring prevention body 30 is damaged and the scouring of the back butt 14 is started, the evacuation time can be greatly extended as compared with the conventional coastal dyke.

［変形例］
図２，３に裏法尻部１４における洗掘防止体３０の他の敷設形態について説明する。 [Modification]
2 and 3, another laying configuration of the scouring prevention body 30 in the backside butt portion 14 will be described.

＜１＞他の敷設形態１
図２は裏法尻部１４の範囲を超えて海側内部１６（堤防本体１０の内部）へ向けて、シート状の洗掘防止体３０を敷設した形態を示す。
すなわち、水平に敷設した洗掘防止体３０の一部を裏法尻部１４と堤防本体１０の海側内部１６の区間に亘って敷設した形態である。 <1> Other laying forms 1
FIG. 2 shows a configuration in which a sheet-like scouring prevention body 30 is laid out toward the sea side inside 16 (inside the levee body 10) beyond the range of the backside butt 14.
That is, it is a form in which a part of the scouring prevention body 30 laid horizontally is laid across the section of the backside butt 14 and the seaside inside 16 of the levee body 10.

洗掘防止体３０の敷設範囲を堤防本体１０の海側内部１６へ向けて延長して敷設すると、堤防本体１０を構成する土砂の浸食防止効果がより高くなって、堤防機能の持続時間がさらに長くなる。   If the laying area of the scour prevention body 30 is extended toward the sea side inside 16 of the levee body 10, the erosion prevention effect of the earth and sand constituting the levee body 10 becomes higher, and the duration of the levee function is further increased. become longer.

＜２＞他の敷設形態２
図３は複数の洗掘防止体３０ａ，３０ｂを、上下に間隔を隔てて複数敷設した形態を示す。
上位の洗掘防止体３０ａは堤防本体１０の裏法面１３から裏法尻部１４にかけて連続性を有して敷設されている。
下位の洗掘防止体３０ｂは上位の洗掘防止体３０ａから所定の間隔を隔てて埋設してある。
本例では下位の洗掘防止体３０ｂを堤防本体１０の海側内部１６へ向けて延長して敷設した形態を示すが、裏法尻部１４の範囲だけでもよい。
また下位の洗掘防止体３０ｂの積層数は図示した形態に限定されず２層以上であってもよい。
本例のように複数の洗掘防止体３０ａ，３０ｂを敷設すると、裏法尻部１４の洗掘防止効果がさらに向上する。
<2> Other laying forms 2
FIG. 3 shows a form in which a plurality of scouring prevention bodies 30a, 30b are laid at intervals in the vertical direction.
The upper scouring prevention body 30 a is laid with continuity from the back slope 13 to the back bottom 14 of the levee body 10.
The lower scouring prevention body 30b is embedded at a predetermined interval from the upper scouring prevention body 30a.
In this example, the lower scouring prevention body 30 b is extended and laid toward the sea side inside 16 of the levee body 10, but only the range of the back bottom 14 may be used.
Further, the number of layers of the lower scouring prevention bodies 30b is not limited to the illustrated form, and may be two or more.
When a plurality of scouring prevention bodies 30a and 30b are laid as in this example, the scouring prevention effect of the back butt portion 14 is further improved.

［他の実施形態１］
図４〜６に洗掘防止体４０が上下を開口した可撓性を有するハニカム立体拘束体４１と、ハニカム立体拘束体４１内に充填する中詰材４２とにより構成する形態を示す。 [Other embodiment 1]
4 to 6 show a configuration in which the scouring prevention body 40 is constituted by a flexible honeycomb three-dimensional restraint body 41 having an open top and bottom, and a filling material 42 filled in the honeycomb three-dimensional restraint body 41.

＜１＞ハニカム立体拘束体
ハニカム立体拘束体４１は、中詰材４２を締め固めて拘束するための拘束具である。
例示したハニカム立体拘束体４１は、高密度ポリエチレン（ＨＤＰＥ）製の帯板を部分的に溶着して平面形状をハニカム状に形成したものであるが、その平面形状はハニカム形状以外でもよく、その平面形状は特に制約がない。
またハニカム立体拘束体４１を構成する帯板は無孔構造または有孔構造の何れでもよい。 <1> Honeycomb solid restraint body The honeycomb solid restraint body 41 is a restraining tool for compacting and restraining the filling material 42.
The illustrated honeycomb three-dimensional constrained body 41 is formed by partially welding a high-density polyethylene (HDPE) band plate to form a planar shape into a honeycomb shape, but the planar shape may be other than the honeycomb shape. The planar shape is not particularly limited.
Further, the band plate constituting the honeycomb three-dimensional constraint body 41 may have either a non-porous structure or a perforated structure.

＜２＞中詰材
中詰材４２には例えば土砂、細骨材、粗骨材、またはこれらを組み合せたものを使用できる。 <2> Filling material For the filling material 42, for example, earth and sand, fine aggregate, coarse aggregate, or a combination thereof can be used.

＜３＞洗掘防止体の形成方法
防折り畳んだ状態でハニカム立体拘束体４１を裏法尻部１４へ運搬し、所定の深さに開削した裏法尻部１４へ現場で立体的に展開しながらハニカム立体拘束体４１を敷設する。
つぎにバックホー等の建設機械を使用して、ハニカム立体構造体４１の内部に中詰材４２を充填し、中詰材４２を転圧した後に、その上面を覆土するだけの簡易な施工で洗掘防止体４０を設置できる。
なお、図面の符号１７は裏法尻部１４の最遠位置に打設したシートパイル等の締切材であるが、必須ではない。 <3> Method of forming the scouring prevention body The honeycomb solid restraint body 41 is conveyed to the back butt portion 14 in a fold-proof state, and is three-dimensionally developed on-site to the back butt portion 14 cut to a predetermined depth. However, the honeycomb solid restraint body 41 is laid.
Next, using a construction machine such as a backhoe, the inside of the honeycomb three-dimensional structure 41 is filled with the filling material 42, and after rolling the filling material 42, the top surface is washed with simple construction. The anti-digging body 40 can be installed.
Note that reference numeral 17 in the drawing is a cut-off material such as a sheet pile placed at the farthest position of the back end 14 but is not essential.

＜４＞洗掘防止作用
図４，５において、裏法尻部１４に埋設したハニカム構造の洗掘防止体４０は、ハニカム拘束体４１により拘束された環境下で中詰材４２が密実に締め固められている。
すなわち、裏法尻部１４の地盤が所定の層厚で地盤改良したように補強されている。
したがって、津波Ｗが海岸堤防を越波して裏法尻部１４へ流れ込んだ際に、表層土砂は洗掘されるが、ハニカム構造の洗掘防止体４０の強度により裏法尻部１４の洗掘が抑制される。
本例にあって裏法尻部１４の洗掘を効果的に抑止できことから、堤防本体１０へ洗掘が及ぶことがない。 <4> Anti-scouring action In FIGS. 4 and 5, the scour preventive body 40 having a honeycomb structure embedded in the back bottom 14 is firmly tightened with the filling material 42 in an environment constrained by the honeycomb constraining body 41. It has been hardened.
That is, the ground of the back butt portion 14 is reinforced so as to improve the ground with a predetermined layer thickness.
Therefore, when the tsunami W passes over the coastal dike and flows into the back butt 14, the surface soil is scoured, but the back butt 14 is scoured due to the strength of the scour preventer 40 having a honeycomb structure. Is suppressed.
In this example, since the scouring of the back butt portion 14 can be effectively suppressed, the scouring does not reach the levee body 10.

＜５＞他の敷設形態
図６は裏法尻部１４の範囲を超えて海側（堤防本体１０内）へ向けて、ハニカム構造の洗掘防止体４０を敷設した形態を示す。
すなわち、水平に敷設したハニカム構造の洗掘防止体４０の一部を裏法尻部１４と堤防本体１０の海側内部１６の区間に亘って敷設してもよい。
洗掘防止体４０の敷設範囲を堤防本体１０の海側内部１６へ向けて延長して敷設することで、堤防本体１０を構成する土砂の浸食防止効果がより高くなって、堤防機能の持続時間がさらに長くなる。 <5> Other Laying Forms FIG. 6 shows a form in which the honeycomb structure scouring prevention body 40 is laid out toward the sea side (inside the levee main body 10) beyond the range of the backside butt portion 14.
That is, a part of the scouring prevention body 40 having a honeycomb structure laid horizontally may be laid across the section between the backside butt portion 14 and the seaside inside 16 of the levee body 10.
By extending the laying range of the scour prevention body 40 toward the sea side inside 16 of the levee main body 10, the effect of preventing erosion of the earth and sand constituting the levee main body 10 becomes higher, and the duration of the levee function Is even longer.

［他の実施形態２］
図示を省略するが、可撓性を有するシート状の洗掘防止体３０と、可撓性を有するハニカム状の洗掘防止体４０を併用することも可能である。
すなわち、図５，６に示したハニカム状の洗掘防止体４０の上面にシート状の洗掘防止体３０を敷設すれば、裏法尻部１４の洗掘抑止効果が格段に向上する。 [Other embodiment 2]
Although illustration is omitted, it is also possible to use a flexible sheet-like scouring prevention body 30 and a flexible honeycomb-like scouring prevention body 40 together.
That is, if the sheet-like scouring prevention body 30 is laid on the upper surface of the honeycomb-like scouring prevention body 40 shown in FIGS.

［他の実施形態３］
以上は堤防本体１０の裏法尻部１４に可撓性を有するシート状の洗掘防止体３０、またはハニカム構造の洗掘防止体４０の何れか一つ、または両方を敷設する形態について説明したが、図１に示す堤防本体１０の表法尻部１５に対しても同様に、可撓性を有するシート状の洗掘防止体３０、またはハニカム構造の洗掘防止体４０の何れか一つ、または両方を敷設するようにしてもよい。 [Other embodiment 3]
The above is a description of a mode in which one or both of the flexible sheet-like scouring prevention body 30 and / or the honeycomb structure scouring prevention body 40 are laid on the back butt portion 14 of the levee body 10. However, in the same manner, either one of the flexible sheet-like scouring prevention body 30 or the honeycomb-shaped scouring prevention body 40 is applied to the surface bottom portion 15 of the levee body 10 shown in FIG. Or both may be laid.

１０・・・・堤防本体
１１・・・・堤防本体の表法面
１２・・・・堤防本体の天端面
１３・・・・堤防本体の裏法面
１４・・・・堤防本体の裏法尻部
１５・・・・堤防本体の表法尻部
１６・・・・堤防本体の海側内部
１７・・・・締切材
２１・・・・表法面を覆う硬質層
２２・・・・天端面を覆う硬質層
２３・・・・裏法面を覆う硬質層
３０・・・・シート状の洗掘防止体
４０・・・・ハニカム構造の洗掘防止体 10 .... Dyke body 11 .... Surface of levee body 12 .... Top face 13 of dyke body ...... Back side of levee body 14 ... Back side of dyke body Portion 15 ··· Surface of the levee body 16 ··· The seaside inside of the levee body 17 · · · Cut-off material 21 · · · Hard layer 22 covering the surface of the surface · · · Top end surface A hard layer 23 covering the back surface ... A sheet-like scouring prevention body 40 ... A honeycomb structure scouring prevention body

Claims (5)

土構造を主体する堤防本体と、該堤防本体を被覆する硬質層とを具備する海岸堤防であって、
前記堤防本体の少なくとも堤防本体の裏面裾部を起点として、この裏面裾部から陸側へ向けて予測される津波の越波により洗掘のおそれがある範囲までの背面地盤である裏法尻部に可撓性を有するシート状またはハニカム構造の洗掘防止体の何れか一つ、または両方を敷設し、
前記洗掘防止体により裏法尻部の土砂の吸出しを抑止したことを特徴とする、
海岸堤防。 A shore embankment comprising a levee body mainly composed of a soil structure and a hard layer covering the levee body,
Starting from the back hem of the levee body at the back of the levee body, the back butt that is the back ground to the area where there is a risk of scouring due to the overtopping of the tsunami predicted from the back hem to the land side Laying either one or both of the sheet-like or honeycomb structure scouring prevention body having flexibility,
The scouring prevention body has suppressed the sucking out of earth and sand at the back butt,
Coastal dike. 前記洗掘防止体を、堤防本体の裏法尻部と堤防本体の海側内部の区間に亘って連続して敷設したことを特徴とする、請求項１に記載の海岸堤防。   The coastal embankment according to claim 1, wherein the scouring prevention body is continuously laid over a backside bottom portion of the embankment main body and a section inside the seaside of the embankment main body. 前記堤防本体の表法尻部に、可撓性を有するシート状またはハニカム構造の洗掘防止体の何れか一つ、または両方を追加して敷設したことを特徴とする、請求項１または２に記載の海岸堤防。   The levee body is constructed by additionally laying one or both of a sheet-like or honeycomb-structured scouring prevention body on the outer surface of the surface of the embankment body. Coastal dike described in 前記シート状の洗掘防止体が、ジオテキスタイルであることを特徴とする、請求項１乃至３の何れか一項に記載の海岸堤防。   The coastal embankment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the sheet-like scouring prevention body is a geotextile. 前記ハニカム構造の洗掘防止体が、可撓性を有するハニカム立体拘束体と、該ハニカム立体拘束体内に充填する中詰材とにより構成し、展開したハニカム立体拘束体に充填した中詰材を転圧して締め固めたことを特徴とする、請求項１乃至３の何れか一項に記載の海岸堤防。   The honeycomb structure scouring prevention body is composed of a honeycomb honeycomb constraining body having flexibility and a filling material filled in the honeycomb three-dimensional constraint body. The coastal embankment according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the coastal embankment is compacted by rolling.
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