JP6338835B2 - 放射性物質の除染用酸性ゲルおよび除染方法 - Google Patents
放射性物質の除染用酸性ゲルおよび除染方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
項1.
(i) 無機酸及び有機酸からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の酸(ii)有機高分子系増粘剤及び(iii)水溶性の非プロトン性溶媒を含有する酸性ゲルであって、(i)酸の割合が、5〜80重量%である酸性ゲル。
項2.
(i)酸が、硫酸、硝酸、塩酸及びフッ酸からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含む、項1に記載の酸性ゲル。
項3.
(ii)有機高分子系増粘剤が粘度平均分子量170万以上のポリエチレングリコールである項1又は2のいずれか1項に記載の酸性ゲル。
項4.
(ii)有機高分子系増粘剤がキサンタンガムである項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の酸性ゲル。
項5.
(iii)水溶性の非プロトン性溶媒がジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルスルホキシト゛から選ばれる1種もしくは2種である項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の酸性ゲル。
項6.
酸性ゲル100重量部に対し、(ii)有機高分子系増粘剤を3〜20重量%含む項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の酸性ゲル。
項7.
項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の酸性ゲルを表面に放射性物質を有する除染対象の固体の表面に接触させることを特徴とする、固体の除染方法。
項8.
除染対象の固体表面が金属表面である項7に記載の方法。
項9.
除染対象の固体表面がステンレス表面である項7又は8に記載の方法。
有機酸としては、ギ酸、酢酸、グリコール酸、乳酸、リンゴ酸、酒石酸、ヒドロキシアクリル酸、オキシ酪酸、グリセリン酸、グルコン酸、クエン酸、ヒドロキシピバリン酸、グリセリン酸、タルトロン酸、マンデル酸、β−ヒドロキシプロピオン酸、β−ヒドロキシブタン酸、β−ヒドロキシペンタン酸、マロン酸、コハク酸、グルタル酸、アジピン酸、ピメリン酸、アゼライン酸、ジグリコール酸、マレイン酸、フマル酸、1,2,3−プロパントリカルボン酸、1,2,3,4−ブタンテトラカルボン酸、メタンスルホン酸、エタンスルホン酸、トルエンスルホン酸等が挙げられる。無機酸としてはフッ酸、硝酸、塩酸、臭化水素酸、硫酸、リン酸、ホウ酸、過塩素酸を挙げることができる。これらの酸は除去対象の材質に応じて選択することができるが、好ましくは無機酸であり、さらに好ましくは硫酸、硝酸、塩酸、フッ酸である。これらの酸は1種単独で、又は2種以上を組合せて用いることができる。
有機高分子系の増粘剤は、例えば、ポリアルキレングリコール、カルボキシビニルポリマー、ポリアクリル酸およびその中和物、ポリビニルアルコール、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリエーテル、等に代表される高分子化合物、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、キサンタンガム、ダイユータンガム、ジェランガム、タマリンドガム、グアーガム、アルギン酸ナトリウム、カラギーナン、ペクチン等に代表される多糖類誘導体、デキストリン脂肪酸エステル、イヌリン脂肪酸エステル等に代表されるオイルゲル化剤、両末端リジン変性シリコーン、架橋型ジメチルシリコーン等に代表されるシリコーン系増粘ゲル化剤、ポリアミド樹脂、アミノ酸系ゲル化剤、ジステアリン酸アルミニウム、ゼラチン、等を挙げることができ、好ましくはポリエチレングリコール、キサンタンガムである。無機増粘剤を含有しないことが好ましい。
酸性ゲルを表1および表2に示す組成で調整し、SUS316もしくはSS400のテストピース(20×20mm)に浸漬して塗布した。25℃で24時間静置し、目視で酸性ゲルの流動性を評価した。また、酸性ゲルを水で洗浄後、テストピースを乾燥させ、初期質量から処理後の質量を差し引いた質量変化から膜厚減少量を求めた。放射性物質で汚染された配管等の酸化皮膜の厚さは1μmから2μmと言われており、除染を目的とする場合、2μmのエッチングで十分と考えられる。
塗布24時間後、ゲルは高粘度で流動しない ○
塗布24時間後、ゲルは高粘度だが流動する △
塗布24時間後、ゲルは水と同程度の粘度に低下 ×
[エッチング評価]
塗布24時間後、基材表面のエッチングが2μm以上 ○
塗布24時間後、基材表面のエッチングが1〜2μm △
塗布24時間後、基材表面のエッチングが1μm以下 ×
Claims (8)
- (i)無機酸及び有機酸からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の酸(ii)有機高分子系増粘剤及び(iii)水溶性の非プロトン性溶媒を含有する放射性物質の除染用酸性ゲルであって、(i)酸の割合が、5〜80重量%であり、(i)酸が、硫酸、硝酸、塩酸、フッ酸及びギ酸からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種を含み、(ii)有機高分子系増粘剤が粘度平均分子量170万以上のポリエチレングリコール、若しくはキサンタンガムを含む放射性物質の除染用酸性ゲル。
- (ii)有機高分子系増粘剤が粘度平均分子量170万以上のポリエチレングリコールである請求項1に記載の放射性物質の除染用酸性ゲル。
- (ii)有機高分子系増粘剤がキサンタンガムである請求項1に記載の放射性物質の除染用酸性ゲル。
- (iii)水溶性の非プロトン性溶媒がジメチルホルムアミド、ジメチルスルホキシド及びN−メチルピロリドンから選ばれる1種もしくは2種である請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の放射性物質の除染用酸性ゲル。
- 放射性物質の除染用酸性ゲルに対し、(ii)有機高分子系増粘剤を3〜20重量%含む請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の放射性物質の除染用酸性ゲル。
- 請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の放射性物質の除染用酸性ゲルを表面に放射性物質を有する除染対象の固体の表面に接触させることを特徴とする、固体の除染方法。
- 除染対象の固体表面が金属表面である請求項6に記載の方法。
- 除染対象の固体表面がステンレス表面である請求項7に記載の方法。
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