JP6300779B2 - Stainless steel laser welded section manufacturing method with excellent corrosion resistance and antiglare properties - Google Patents

Stainless steel laser welded section manufacturing method with excellent corrosion resistance and antiglare properties Download PDF

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JP6300779B2
JP6300779B2 JP2015249183A JP2015249183A JP6300779B2 JP 6300779 B2 JP6300779 B2 JP 6300779B2 JP 2015249183 A JP2015249183 A JP 2015249183A JP 2015249183 A JP2015249183 A JP 2015249183A JP 6300779 B2 JP6300779 B2 JP 6300779B2
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朝田 博
博 朝田
徹 家成
徹 家成
康弘 桜田
康弘 桜田
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Nippon Steel Nisshin Co Ltd
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Description

本発明は、ステンレス鋼を素材とし、レーザ光を熱源としたレーザ溶接によってT字状の溶接継手部を形成した溶接形鋼に関する。   The present invention relates to a welded shape steel in which a T-shaped weld joint is formed by laser welding using stainless steel as a material and laser light as a heat source.

近年、建築物の躯体を構成する梁等に用いられているT形鋼やH形鋼等の形鋼を製造する方法として、フランジ材とウェブ材とのT字継手部にレーザ光を照射するレーザ溶接法が検討されるようになっている。
例えば特許文献1に見られるように、2枚の金属板を互いに垂直に突き合わせ、突き合わせ部に沿って突き合わせた金属板の両面から対向する位置に2つのレーザ光を同時に照射している。
この方法によると、突き合わせ部に対してウェブ材の両面方向からレーザ光を照射することになり、生産性向上の観点からは必ずしも効率的でない。
In recent years, a laser beam is irradiated to a T-shaped joint portion of a flange material and a web material as a method of manufacturing a shape steel such as a T-shaped steel or an H-shaped steel used for a beam or the like constituting a housing of a building. Laser welding methods are being studied.
For example, as can be seen in Patent Document 1, two metal plates are abutted perpendicularly to each other, and two laser beams are simultaneously irradiated to positions facing from both sides of the metal plate abutted along the abutting portion.
According to this method, the butt portion is irradiated with laser light from both sides of the web material, which is not necessarily efficient from the viewpoint of improving productivity.

また、このような溶接形鋼の中には、特許文献2に見られるような海浜地域の橋梁や道路資材、建築物の部材として、メンテナンスフリーとなるように耐食性が非常に高いステンレス鋼を素材としたものが検討されている。
特許文献2では、ステンレス鋼を溶接する際に生じる変形を抑えて、矯正をほとんど必要としないことを目的にレーザ溶接を適用している。
しかし、ステンレス鋼を大気中でレーザ溶接した場合は、溶接部近傍や溶接部の裏面に相当するフランジ材表面にテンパーカラーと呼ばれる酸化皮膜が発生してしまう。
In addition, among these welded steels, stainless steel with extremely high corrosion resistance is used as a bridge, road material, and building member in the beach area as seen in Patent Document 2 so that it is maintenance-free. Are considered.
In Patent Document 2, laser welding is applied for the purpose of suppressing deformation that occurs when welding stainless steel and requiring little correction.
However, when laser welding is performed on stainless steel in the atmosphere, an oxide film called a temper collar is generated on the surface of the flange material corresponding to the vicinity of the weld or the back surface of the weld.

特開2005−21912号公報JP 2005-21912 A 特開平11−123575号公報Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-123575

このテンパーカラーは、クロム酸化物であるためステンレス鋼中のクロム量が減少してしまうことから耐食性が低下するとともに、外観も劣化させるため、溶接後にテンパーカラーを除去することが必要である。
溶接部近傍のテンパーカラーは、ブラシなどで除去すると研磨目が発生するが、研磨領域と研磨なし領域とで不均一な外観となり、均一な外観とするために多数パスの研磨工程が必要であり、生産性が非常に低くなる。
Since this temper color is a chromium oxide, the amount of chromium in the stainless steel is reduced, so that the corrosion resistance is lowered and the appearance is also deteriorated. Therefore, it is necessary to remove the temper color after welding.
When the temper collar near the weld is removed with a brush or the like, polishing eyes are generated. However, the polishing area and the non-polishing area have a non-uniform appearance, and a multi-pass polishing process is required to achieve a uniform appearance. , Productivity is very low.

また、溶接形鋼が建築物の外観に晒される部材として使用される場合は、鏡面研磨面のような研磨目が非常小さい表面にすると、日光の反射が厳しいため防眩性を有する表面のステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼が望まれている。   Also, when the welded steel is used as a member exposed to the exterior of the building, if the surface is very small, such as a mirror-polished surface, the reflection of sunlight will be severe, and the surface will have antiglare properties. Steel laser welded sections are desired.

本発明は、このような問題を解消すべく案出されたものであり、ステンレス鋼を素材としてT字継手部を備えたレーザ溶接形鋼であって、防眩性を有し、溶接時に発生するフランジ材表面のテンパーカラーを抑えて耐食性や外観に優れたレーザ溶接形鋼を提供することを目的とする。   The present invention has been devised to solve such problems, and is a laser welded shape steel having a T-shaped joint portion made of stainless steel, and has anti-glare properties and is generated during welding. An object of the present invention is to provide a laser welded shape steel having excellent corrosion resistance and appearance by suppressing the temper color on the surface of the flange material.

本発明のレーザ溶接形鋼は、その目的を達成するため、ステンレス鋼板を用いてウェブ材とフランジ材でT字状のレーザ溶接継手部を有する形鋼であり、表面の60度光沢度が75以下であることを特徴としている。
また、ステンレス鋼として、成分がC:0.025質量%以下、Si:0.60質量%以下、Mn:1.00質量%以下、P:0.040質量%以下、S:0.020質量%以下、Ni:0.60質量%以下、Cr:16.00〜35.00質量%、Mo:0.30〜6.00質量%、N:0.025質量%以下を含むフェライト系ステンレス鋼であることも特徴としている。
さらに、前記のステンレス鋼に、Nb:0.10〜1.00質量%、Ti:0.05〜0.30質量%、Al:0.01〜0.50質量%のうち1種または2種以上を含むフェライト系ステンレス鋼を用いることもできる。
In order to achieve the object, the laser welded shape steel of the present invention is a shape steel having a T-shaped laser welded joint made of a web material and a flange material using a stainless steel plate, and the surface has a 60-degree glossiness of 75. It is characterized by the following.
Moreover, as stainless steel, a component is C: 0.025 mass% or less, Si: 0.60 mass% or less, Mn: 1.00 mass% or less, P: 0.040 mass% or less, S: 0.020 mass %, Ni: 0.60 mass% or less, Cr: 16.00-35.00 mass%, Mo: 0.30-6.00 mass%, N: 0.025 mass% or less, ferritic stainless steel It is also a feature.
Furthermore, one or two of Nb: 0.10 to 1.00% by mass, Ti: 0.05 to 0.30% by mass, and Al: 0.01 to 0.50% by mass are added to the stainless steel. Ferritic stainless steel including the above can also be used.

前記のステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼を製造する方法としては、ステンレス鋼板を用いてウェブ材とフランジ材でT字状の溶接継手部を形成した溶接形鋼を製造する際に、溶接法としてレーザ光を照射するレーザ溶接法を用いて溶接した後に、ステンレス鋼板の表面の60度光沢度が75以下となるように溶接形鋼を酸性溶液に浸漬させることを特徴としている。 As a method of manufacturing the above-mentioned stainless steel laser welded shape steel, when a welded shape steel having a T-shaped weld joint formed of a web material and a flange material using a stainless steel plate is manufactured, a laser is used as a welding method. After welding using a laser welding method that irradiates light , the welded shape steel is immersed in an acidic solution so that the 60 ° glossiness of the surface of the stainless steel plate is 75 or less .

本発明によるステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼は、溶接部の裏面となるフランジ材表面において溶接時に発生するテンパーカラーや表面光沢を抑えているため、耐食性や防眩性に優れている。また、ウェブ材とフランジ材に関して、フェライト系ステンレス鋼を用いた場合には、コストを抑えたステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼の実現が可能である。
また、前記のステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼の表面は、酸性溶接に一定時間浸漬する工程を1回行えば実現できるため、多パスの研磨と比較して非常に効率良く生産することができる。
The stainless steel laser welded shape steel according to the present invention has excellent corrosion resistance and antiglare properties because it suppresses the temper color and surface gloss generated at the time of welding on the flange material surface which is the back surface of the welded portion. Further, when ferritic stainless steel is used for the web material and the flange material, it is possible to realize a laser-welded steel made of stainless steel with reduced costs.
Further, the surface of the laser welded steel made of stainless steel can be realized by performing the step of immersing in acidic welding for a certain period of time once, so that it can be produced very efficiently as compared with multi-pass polishing.

T字継手部を含む溶接形鋼を片側からの1パス照射でレーザ溶接する方法を説明する図The figure explaining the method of laser-welding the welded shape steel containing a T-shaped joint part by one-pass irradiation from one side T字継手部を含むステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼Stainless steel laser welded section including T-shaped joint

本発明のステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼1は、図1に示すようにフランジ材2にウェブ材3の端部を垂直に押し当てて形作られたT字状継手部を片側からの1パスによるレーザ光4の照射で溶接して製造する。この際に、フランジ材2に対するレーザ光4の照射角度θを30度以下としている。   As shown in FIG. 1, a stainless steel laser welded shape steel 1 of the present invention has a T-shaped joint portion formed by pressing an end portion of a web material 3 vertically against a flange material 2 in one pass from one side. It is manufactured by welding with irradiation of laser light 4. At this time, the irradiation angle θ of the laser beam 4 to the flange material 2 is set to 30 degrees or less.

本発明者らは、このような方法で製造したステンレス鋼製レーザ形鋼においては、溶接部の近傍やフランジ材の表面のうち溶接部の裏面にあたる領域5に、フランジ材の表面温度によってテンパーカラーが発生するが、製造したステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼を酸性溶液に浸漬させることによりテンパーカラーを除去でき、なおかつ防眩性も有することができることを見出した。
図1に示した方法で板厚2.3mmのSUS304を素材としてレーザ溶接を行った際に、図2に示すように、製造したステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼11においては、溶接部14の近傍や、フランジ12の表面のうち溶接部の裏面にあたる領域15にテンパーカラーが発生する。溶接後に、ステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼を、フッ化水素酸が8質量%で硝酸が8質量%を含有する酸性溶液に浸漬する時間を変更して、ステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼のフランジ材2とウェブ材3の表面の60度光沢度と、室外で日光に晒した際に目視で確認した防眩レベルを比較した。また、テンパーカラーの除去状態も確認した。
In the laser shape steel made of stainless steel produced by such a method, the inventors have determined that the temper color is changed depending on the surface temperature of the flange material in the vicinity of the welded portion or in the region 5 corresponding to the back surface of the welded portion of the surface of the flange material. However, it was found that the temper color can be removed by dipping the manufactured stainless steel laser welded shape steel in an acidic solution and also has antiglare properties.
When laser welding is performed using SUS304 having a plate thickness of 2.3 mm as a raw material by the method shown in FIG. 1, as shown in FIG. 2, in the manufactured laser welded steel 11 made of stainless steel, in the vicinity of the welded portion 14. Alternatively, a temper color is generated in a region 15 corresponding to the back surface of the welded portion of the surface of the flange 12. After welding, the time for immersing the stainless steel laser welded shape steel in an acidic solution containing 8% by mass of hydrofluoric acid and 8% by mass of nitric acid was changed, and the flange material of the laser welded shape steel made of stainless steel 2 and the 60 degree glossiness of the surface of the web material 3 were compared with the antiglare level visually confirmed when exposed to sunlight outdoors. Moreover, the removal state of the temper color was also confirmed.

前記の実験結果を確認したところ、テンパーカラーが除去された浸漬時間では防眩性を満足する表面状態であり、その際の60度光沢度は75以下であった。そのため、防眩性とテンパーカラー除去を両立できる指標としては、60度光沢度が75以下とした。   As a result of confirming the experimental results, the surface condition satisfying the antiglare property was obtained during the immersion time in which the temper color was removed, and the 60 degree glossiness at that time was 75 or less. Therefore, as an index that can achieve both the antiglare property and the removal of the temper color, the 60 degree glossiness is set to 75 or less.

本発明のステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼の素材としては、ステンレス鋼であれば特に限定せず、オーステナイト系ステンレス鋼やフェライト系ステンレス鋼、マルテンサイトステンレス鋼などが使用できる。
このうち、フェライト系ステンレス鋼を用いた場合は、比較的低いコストにすることができ、成分によって耐食性も維持できる。このため、良好な品質で低コストのステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼を実現することができる。
The material of the stainless steel laser welded shape steel of the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is stainless steel, and austenitic stainless steel, ferritic stainless steel, martensitic stainless steel, and the like can be used.
Of these, when ferritic stainless steel is used, the cost can be made relatively low, and the corrosion resistance can be maintained depending on the components. For this reason, it is possible to realize a laser welded section made of stainless steel with good quality and low cost.

また、特に製品コストや耐食性確保が必要とされる場合は、以下の成分範囲を含むフェライト系ステンレス鋼を用いることができる。
C:0.025質量%以下
Cは、鋼の強度を得るために有用な元素であるが、多量に含むと耐食性を低下させる傾向にある。Cの含有量は、0.025質量%以下が好まし。
Si:0.60質量%以下
Siは、製鋼工程における脱酸剤及び熱源として有用な元素であるが、多量に含むと鋼を硬化させる傾向にある。Siの含有量は、0.60質量%以下が好ましい。
Mn:1.00質量%以下
Mnは、製鋼工程における脱酸剤として有用な元素であるが、多量に含むとオーステナイト相を形成する傾向にある。Mnの含有量は、1.00質量%以下が好ましい。
P:0.040質量%以下
Pは、耐食性を低下させる傾向にある。Pの含有量は、0.040質量%以下が好ましい。
S:0.020質量%以下
Sは、耐食性を低下させる傾向にある。Sの含有量は、0.020質量%以下が好ましい。
Ni:0.60質量%以下
Niは、腐食の進行を抑制する効果やフェライト系ステンレス鋼の靱性改善に有効である点で好ましいが、多すぎるとオーステナイト相の生成やコスト高の原因となる。Niの含有量は、0.60質量%以下が好ましい。
Cr:16.00〜35.00質量%
Crは、耐食性を確保するために有用な元素であるが、多量に含むと高コストだけでなく加工性が低下する傾向にある。Crの含有量は、16.00〜35.00質量%が好ましい。
Mo:0.30〜6.00質量%
Moは、Crの存在下でステンレス鋼の耐食性を向上させるために有用な元素であるが、多量に含むと高コストだけでなく加工性が低下する傾向にある。Moの含有量は、0.30〜6.00質量%が好ましい。
N:0.025質量%以下
Nは、Cと同様に多量に含むと耐食性を低下させる傾向にある。Nの含有量は、0.025質量%以下が好ましい。
In particular, when it is necessary to secure product cost and corrosion resistance, ferritic stainless steel including the following component ranges can be used.
C: 0.025% by mass or less C is an element useful for obtaining the strength of steel, but when it is contained in a large amount, it tends to lower the corrosion resistance. The C content is preferably 0.025% by mass or less.
Si: 0.60% by mass or less Si is an element useful as a deoxidizer and a heat source in the steel making process, but when it is contained in a large amount, it tends to harden the steel. The content of Si is preferably 0.60% by mass or less.
Mn: 1.00% by mass or less Mn is an element useful as a deoxidizing agent in the steel making process, but when included in a large amount, Mn tends to form an austenite phase. The Mn content is preferably 1.00% by mass or less.
P: 0.040% by mass or less P tends to lower the corrosion resistance. The P content is preferably 0.040% by mass or less.
S: 0.020% by mass or less S tends to lower the corrosion resistance. The content of S is preferably 0.020% by mass or less.
Ni: 0.60% by mass or less Ni is preferable in terms of the effect of suppressing the progress of corrosion and the effect of improving the toughness of ferritic stainless steel. The Ni content is preferably 0.60% by mass or less.
Cr: 16.00-35.00 mass%
Cr is an element useful for ensuring corrosion resistance. However, when it is contained in a large amount, Cr tends to decrease not only in cost but also in workability. The content of Cr is preferably 16.00 to 35.00% by mass.
Mo: 0.30 to 6.00 mass%
Mo is an element useful for improving the corrosion resistance of stainless steel in the presence of Cr, but if it is contained in a large amount, it tends to decrease not only the cost but also the workability. The content of Mo is preferably 0.30 to 6.00 mass%.
N: 0.025% by mass or less N, when contained in a large amount like C, tends to lower the corrosion resistance. The N content is preferably 0.025% by mass or less.

本発明のステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼は、さらに、Nb:0.10〜1.00質量%、Ti:0.05〜0.30質量%、Al:0.01〜0.50質量%のうち1種または2種以上を含むフェライト系ステンレス鋼をさらに耐食性が向上するため用いることもできる。
Nb:0.10〜1.00質量%
Nbは、C、Nとの親和力が強くフェライト系ステンレス鋼の粒界腐食を抑制する点で好ましいが、多量のNb含有は靱性を阻害する傾向にある。Nbの含有量は、0.10〜1.00質量%が好ましい。
Ti:0.05〜0.30質量%
Tiは、C、Nとの親和力が強くフェライト系ステンレス鋼の粒界腐食を抑制する点で好ましいが、多量のTi含有は鋼の表面品質を低下させる傾向にある。Tiの含有量は、0.05〜0.30質量%がより好ましい。
Al:0.01〜0.50質量%
Alは、脱酸剤として精錬や鋳造に有効な元素であるが、過剰に添加すると表面品質を劣化させるとともに、鋼の溶接性や低温靭性を低下させる。Alの含有量は、0.01〜0.50質量%がより好ましい。
The stainless steel laser welded shape steel of the present invention further includes Nb: 0.10 to 1.00% by mass, Ti: 0.05 to 0.30% by mass, Al: 0.01 to 0.50% by mass. Among them, ferritic stainless steel containing one or more types can be used for further improving the corrosion resistance.
Nb: 0.10 to 1.00% by mass
Nb has a strong affinity with C and N and is preferable in terms of suppressing the intergranular corrosion of ferritic stainless steel, but a large amount of Nb tends to inhibit toughness. The content of Nb is preferably 0.10 to 1.00% by mass.
Ti: 0.05-0.30 mass%
Ti is preferable because it has a strong affinity with C and N and suppresses intergranular corrosion of ferritic stainless steel, but a large amount of Ti tends to deteriorate the surface quality of the steel. As for content of Ti, 0.05-0.30 mass% is more preferable.
Al: 0.01 to 0.50 mass%
Al is an effective element for refining and casting as a deoxidizer, but if it is added excessively, it degrades the surface quality and lowers the weldability and low temperature toughness of steel. As for Al content, 0.01-0.50 mass% is more preferable.

ウェブ材とフランジ材の表面における60度光沢度の測定は、JIS Z 8741−1997に準拠して次のように行った。
光沢度は、ポータブル光沢度計GMX−102(株式会社村上色彩技術研究所製)を用い、光沢度の測定位置は、ウェブ材についてはビードの近傍を、フランジ材については溶接部の裏面にあたる位置とし、溶接形鋼の長さ方向に離れた任意の3か所について測定した。
The 60 degree glossiness on the surfaces of the web material and the flange material was measured as follows in accordance with JIS Z 8741-1997.
The glossiness is measured using a portable glossiness meter GMX-102 (Murakami Color Research Laboratory Co., Ltd.), and the measurement position of the glossiness is the position near the bead for the web material and the back surface of the welded portion for the flange material. And measured at three arbitrary locations apart in the length direction of the welded steel.

(実施例1)
板厚が2.3mm、3.2mm、4.5mmのオーステナイト系ステンレス鋼板(SUS304)であって、フランジ材は幅100mm×長さ5m、ウェブ材は幅100mm×長さ5mの素材を用いて、図1に示した方法で、表1に示すレーザ溶接条件により溶接して溶接形鋼を製造した。レーザ光の照射角度θは、20°とした。溶接後にフッ化水素酸が8質量%で硝酸が8質量%を含有する酸性溶液にステンレス製レーザ溶接形鋼を、浸漬時間を変更して浸漬した。浸漬したレーザ溶接形鋼に関しては、テンパーカラーの除去状態の観察とフランジ材2とウェブ材3の表面の60度光沢度を測定した。
その結果を表2に示す。
Example 1
It is an austenitic stainless steel plate (SUS304) with a plate thickness of 2.3 mm, 3.2 mm, and 4.5 mm, and the flange material is 100 mm wide × 5 m long, and the web material is 100 mm wide × 5 m long. A welded shape steel was manufactured by welding under the laser welding conditions shown in Table 1 by the method shown in FIG. The irradiation angle θ of the laser beam was 20 °. After welding, the laser welded steel made of stainless steel was immersed in an acidic solution containing 8% by mass of hydrofluoric acid and 8% by mass of nitric acid by changing the immersion time. For the laser welded steel immersed, observation of the removal state of the temper color and 60 degree glossiness of the surfaces of the flange material 2 and the web material 3 were measured.
The results are shown in Table 2.

Figure 0006300779
Figure 0006300779

Figure 0006300779
Figure 0006300779

表2に示したように、テンパーカラーが無い表面状態においては、60度光沢度が75以下となり、その状態においては防眩性も確保されていた。
(実施例2)
As shown in Table 2, in the surface state without the temper color, the 60 ° gloss was 75 or less, and in that state, the antiglare property was also secured.
(Example 2)

フランジ材2およびウェブ材3として、Cr:30%、Mo:2%、Ti:0.15%、Nb:0.15%、Al:0.09%、残部Feを含むフェライト系ステンレス鋼板を用い、その他の条件は、レーザによる溶接と酸性溶液に浸漬する工程も含めて実施例1と同じにしてレーザ溶接形鋼を製造した。   As the flange member 2 and the web member 3, a ferritic stainless steel plate containing Cr: 30%, Mo: 2%, Ti: 0.15%, Nb: 0.15%, Al: 0.09%, and the balance Fe is used. The other conditions were the same as in Example 1 including the step of welding by laser and the step of immersing in an acidic solution, and a laser-welded section was produced.

テンパーカラーの状況と60度光沢度を測定した結果を表3に示す。テンパーカラーが無い表面状態においては、60度光沢度が75以下となり、その状態においては防眩性も確保されていた。   Table 3 shows the results of measurement of the temper color state and 60 degree glossiness. In the surface state without the temper color, the 60 ° gloss was 75 or less, and in that state, the antiglare property was also secured.

Figure 0006300779
Figure 0006300779

1 ステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼
2 フランジ材
3 ウェブ材
4 レーザ光
θ レーザ光4の照射角度
11 ステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼
12 フランジ
13 ウェブ
14 溶接部
15 溶接部の裏面にあたる領域

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Stainless steel laser welded shape steel 2 Flange material 3 Web material 4 Laser beam (theta) Irradiation angle 11 of laser beam 4 Stainless steel laser welded shape steel 12 Flange 13 Web 14 Welded part 15 Area | region which hits the back surface of a welded part

Claims (1)

ステンレス鋼板を用いてウェブ材とフランジ材でT字状の溶接継手部を形成した溶接形鋼を製造する際に、溶接法としてレーザ光を照射するレーザ溶接法を用い、溶接後に、ステンレス鋼板の表面の60度光沢度が75以下となるように溶接形鋼を酸性溶液に浸漬することを特徴とするステンレス鋼製レーザ溶接形鋼の製造方法。 When manufacturing a welded shape steel having a T-shaped welded joint formed of a web material and a flange material using a stainless steel plate, a laser welding method of irradiating a laser beam as a welding method is used. A method for producing a stainless steel laser welded shape steel , wherein the welded shape steel is immersed in an acidic solution so that the 60 ° glossiness of the surface is 75 or less .
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