JP6290428B2 - Abrasive articles containing shaped abrasive particles - Google Patents
Abrasive articles containing shaped abrasive particles Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP6290428B2 JP6290428B2 JP2016542930A JP2016542930A JP6290428B2 JP 6290428 B2 JP6290428 B2 JP 6290428B2 JP 2016542930 A JP2016542930 A JP 2016542930A JP 2016542930 A JP2016542930 A JP 2016542930A JP 6290428 B2 JP6290428 B2 JP 6290428B2
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- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
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- abrasive particles
- item
- shaped abrasive
- abrasive article
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/14—Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
- C09K3/1409—Abrasive particles per se
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D11/00—Constructional features of flexible abrasive materials; Special features in the manufacture of such materials
- B24D11/001—Manufacture of flexible abrasive materials
- B24D11/005—Making abrasive webs
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
- B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
- B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
- B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
- B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
Description
以下は、研磨物品、特に、成形研磨粒子を含む研磨物品を対象とする。 The following is directed to abrasive articles, particularly abrasive articles comprising shaped abrasive particles.
研磨粒子および研磨粒子から作製される研磨物品は、粉砕、仕上げ、および研磨を含む種々の材料除去操作に有用である。かかる研磨粒子は、研磨材料のタイプに応じて、製造品における広範な材料および表面を成形または粉砕するのに有用であり得る。これまで、特定の幾何学形状を有するある特定のタイプの研磨粒子、例えば、三角形状の成形研磨粒子、およびかかる対象を組み込んだ研磨物品が考案されてきた。例えば、米国特許第５，２０１，９１６号；同第５，３６６，５２３号；および同第５，９８４，９８８号を参照されたい。 Abrasive particles and abrasive articles made from abrasive particles are useful in a variety of material removal operations including grinding, finishing, and polishing. Such abrasive particles can be useful to shape or grind a wide range of materials and surfaces in an article of manufacture, depending on the type of abrasive material. In the past, certain types of abrasive particles having a particular geometric shape, such as triangular shaped abrasive particles, and abrasive articles incorporating such objects have been devised. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,201,916; 5,366,523; and 5,984,988.
特定の形状を有する研磨粒子を生成するのに使用されている３つの基本的な技術は、（１）溶融、（２）焼結、および（３）化学セラミックである。溶融プロセスにおいて、研磨粒子は、面が彫刻されていてもされていなくてもよいチルロール、溶融材料が注入される金型、または酸化アルミニウム溶融物に浸漬されたヒートシンク材料によって成形され得る。例えば、米国特許第３，３７７，６６０号（溶融研磨材料を炉から冷却回転鋳造シリンダ上に流すことと、該材料を迅速に固化して薄い半固体湾曲シートを形成することと、半固体材料を圧力ロールによって高密度化することと、半固体材料のストリップを、迅速に駆動する冷却されたコンベヤによってシリンダから引き離すことによってその湾曲を反転させることにより部分的に破壊させることとを含むプロセスを開示している）を参照されたい。 The three basic techniques used to produce abrasive particles having a particular shape are (1) melting, (2) sintering, and (3) chemical ceramics. In the melting process, the abrasive particles may be formed by a chill roll, which may or may not be engraved on the surface, a mold into which the molten material is poured, or a heat sink material immersed in an aluminum oxide melt. For example, U.S. Pat. No. 3,377,660 (flowing molten abrasive material from a furnace onto a cooled rotary casting cylinder, rapidly solidifying the material to form a thin semi-solid curved sheet, and semi-solid material A process comprising: densifying a strip of semi-solid material with a pressure roll and partially breaking it by reversing its curvature by pulling it away from the cylinder by a rapidly driven cooled conveyor. See disclosed).
焼結プロセスにおいて、研磨粒子は、最大で直径１０μｍの粒径を有する耐火性粉末から形成され得る。該粉末には、バインダが、潤滑剤および好適な溶媒、例えば、水と併せて添加されてよい。得られた混合物またはスラリーは、種々の長さおよび直径のプレートレットまたはロッドに成形され得る。例えば、米国特許第３，０７９，２４２号（仮焼ボーキサイト材料から研磨粒子を作製する方法であって、（１）材料を小さくして微粉末にすることと、（２）肯定圧力下に圧縮して該粉末の微粒子から顆粒サイズの凝集物を形成することと、（３）ボーキサイトの溶融温度未満の温度で粒子の凝集物を焼結して粒子の限定された再結晶を誘発し、これにより、砥粒を直接生成してサイジングすることとを含む方法を開示している）を参照されたい。 In the sintering process, the abrasive particles can be formed from a refractory powder having a particle size of up to 10 μm in diameter. A binder may be added to the powder along with a lubricant and a suitable solvent, such as water. The resulting mixture or slurry can be formed into platelets or rods of various lengths and diameters. For example, US Pat. No. 3,079,242 (a method for producing abrasive particles from calcined bauxite material, (1) reducing the material to a fine powder and (2) compressing under positive pressure Forming aggregates of granule size from the fine particles of the powder, and (3) sintering the particle agglomerates at a temperature below the melting temperature of the bauxite to induce limited recrystallization of the particles, The method of directly producing and sizing the abrasive grains.
化学セラミック技術は、場合により他の金属酸化物前駆体の溶液との混合物中の、コロイド分散系またはヒドロゾル（ゾルと呼ばれる場合がある）を、ゲル、または成分の可動性を制限する他の物理状態に転換することと、乾燥することと、焼成してセラミック材料を得ることとを含む。例えば、米国特許第４，７４４，８０２号および同第４，８４８，０４１号を参照されたい。 Chemical ceramic technology allows colloidal dispersions or hydrosols (sometimes called sols), gels, or other physics that limit the mobility of components, optionally in a mixture with other metal oxide precursor solutions. Converting to a state, drying, and firing to obtain a ceramic material. See, for example, U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,744,802 and 4,848,041.
依然として、研磨粒子および研磨粒子を使用する研磨物品の性能、寿命および効能を改良することが当該業界において必要とされている。 There remains a need in the industry to improve the performance, life and efficacy of abrasive particles and abrasive articles that use abrasive particles.
第１高さ（ｈ１）を含む第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第１高さ未満の第２高さ（ｈ２）を含む第２タイプの成形研磨粒子を有する研磨粒子ブレンドを含む固定研磨物品。 A fixed abrasive article comprising an abrasive particle blend having a first type of shaped abrasive particles comprising a first height (h1) and a second type of shaped abrasive particles comprising a second height (h2) less than the first height.
第１高さ（ｈ１）を含む第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第１高さ未満の第２高さ（ｈ２）を含む第２タイプの成形研磨粒子を含む研磨粒子ブレンドを含む固定研磨物品であって、少なくとも約１１インチ３のステンレス鋼寿命を含む、固定研磨物品。 A fixed abrasive article comprising an abrasive particle blend comprising a first type of shaped abrasive particles comprising a first height (h1) and a second type of shaped abrasive particles comprising a second height (h2) less than the first height. A fixed abrasive article comprising a stainless steel life of at least about 11 inches 3 .
第１高さ（ｈ１）を含む第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第１高さ未満の第２高さ（ｈ２）を含む第２タイプの成形研磨粒子を含む研磨粒子ブレンドを含む研磨物品を用いて、ワークピースから材料を除去する方法。 Using an abrasive article comprising an abrasive particle blend comprising a first type of shaped abrasive particles comprising a first height (h1) and a second type of shaped abrasive particles comprising a second height (h2) less than the first height. To remove material from the workpiece.
本開示は、添付の図を参照することによって、より良好に理解され得、その多数の特徴および利点が当業者に明らかとなる。 The present disclosure may be better understood with reference to the accompanying drawings, and its numerous features and advantages will be apparent to those skilled in the art.
以下は、研磨物品を対象とする。本明細書における方法は、成形研磨粒子の形成、および、成形研磨粒子を組み込んだ研磨物品の使用に利用され得る。成形研磨粒子は、例えば、被覆研磨材、接着研磨材、遊離研磨材、およびこれらの組み合わせを含めた種々の用途において利用され得る。成形研磨粒子に関して種々の他の使用が誘導されてよい。 The following is directed to abrasive articles. The methods herein can be utilized for the formation of shaped abrasive particles and the use of abrasive articles incorporating the shaped abrasive particles. Shaped abrasive particles can be utilized in various applications including, for example, coated abrasives, bonded abrasives, loose abrasives, and combinations thereof. Various other uses may be derived for shaped abrasive particles.
成形研磨粒子
成形研磨粒子を得るのに種々の方法が利用されてよい。粒子は、商業的供給源から得られても、製造されてもよい。成形研磨粒子を製造するのに用いられるいくつかの好適なプロセスとして、限定されないが、スクリーン印刷、成型、押圧、鋳造、分割、切削、ダイシング、打ち抜き、乾燥、硬化、堆積、被覆、押出、圧延、およびこれらの組み合わせを挙げることができる。
Shaped Abrasive Particles Various methods may be utilized to obtain shaped abrasive particles. The particles may be obtained from commercial sources or manufactured. Some suitable processes used to produce shaped abrasive particles include, but are not limited to, screen printing, molding, pressing, casting, splitting, cutting, dicing, stamping, drying, curing, deposition, coating, extrusion, rolling , And combinations thereof.
図１Ａは、１つの非限定的な実施形態による成形研磨粒子を形成するためのシステム１５０の図を含む。成形研磨粒子を形成するプロセスは、セラミック材料および液体を含む混合物１０１を形成することによって開始され得る。特に、混合物１０１は、セラミック粉末材料および液体から形成されたゲルであってよく、ここで、ゲルは、グリーン（すなわち、未焼成）状態においても所与の形状を実質的に保持する能力を有する形状安定性材料として特徴付けられ得る。実施形態によると、ゲルは、個々の粒子の一体化されたネットワークとしてセラミック粉末材料から形成され得る。 FIG. 1A includes a diagram of a system 150 for forming shaped abrasive particles according to one non-limiting embodiment. The process of forming shaped abrasive particles can be initiated by forming a mixture 101 comprising a ceramic material and a liquid. In particular, the mixture 101 may be a gel formed from a ceramic powder material and a liquid, where the gel has the ability to substantially retain a given shape even in the green (ie, green) state. It can be characterized as a shape stable material. According to embodiments, the gel may be formed from a ceramic powder material as an integrated network of individual particles.
混合物１０１は、本明細書に詳述されているプロセスによる使用に好適なレオロジー特性を有するように、ある特定の含量の固体材料、液体材料、および添加剤を含有していてよい。すなわち、ある特定の場合において、混合物は、ある特定の粘度、より詳細には、本明細書に記述されているプロセスを通して形成され得る寸法安定性材料相を形成する好適なレオロジー特性を有することができる。寸法安定性材料相は、特定の形状を有しかつ形成の後の加工の少なくとも一部で形状を実質的に維持することができる材料である。ある特定の場合において、形状は、後の加工を通して保持され得、その結果、形成プロセスにおいて最初に付与された形状が、最終的に形成される対象において存在することとなる。 Mixture 101 may contain a certain content of solid materials, liquid materials, and additives so as to have rheological properties suitable for use by the processes detailed herein. That is, in certain cases, the mixture may have suitable rheological properties that form a certain viscosity, more particularly a dimensionally stable material phase that can be formed through the processes described herein. it can. A dimensionally stable material phase is a material that has a specific shape and can substantially maintain the shape during at least a portion of processing after formation. In certain cases, the shape may be retained throughout subsequent processing, so that the shape originally imparted in the forming process will be present in the object that is ultimately formed.
混合物１０１は、特定含量の固体材料、例えば、セラミック粉末材料を有するように形成され得る。例えば、一実施形態において、混合物１０１は、混合物１０１の合計重量に対して少なくとも約２５重量％、例えば、少なくとも約３５重量％、またはさらには少なくとも約３８重量％の固体含量を有することができる。さらに、少なくとも１つの非限定的な実施形態において、混合物１０１の固体含量は、約７５重量％以下、例えば、約７０重量％以下、約６５重量％以下、約５５重量％以下、約４５重量％以下、または約４２重量％以下であってよい。混合物１０１中の固体材料の含量は、上記に記述した最小および最大百分率のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。 Mixture 101 may be formed to have a specific content of solid material, such as a ceramic powder material. For example, in one embodiment, mixture 101 can have a solids content of at least about 25%, such as at least about 35%, or even at least about 38% by weight relative to the total weight of mixture 101. Further, in at least one non-limiting embodiment, the solids content of the mixture 101 is not greater than about 75 wt%, such as not greater than about 70 wt%, not greater than about 65 wt%, not greater than about 55 wt%, not greater than about 45 wt%. Or less than about 42% by weight. It will be appreciated that the content of solid material in the mixture 101 may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages described above.
一実施形態によると、セラミック粉末材料は、酸化物、窒化物、炭化物、ホウ化物、酸炭化物、酸窒化物、およびこれらの組み合わせを含むことができる。特定の例において、セラミック材料は、アルミナを含むことができる。より詳細には、セラミック材料は、α−アルミナの前駆体であり得るベーマイト材料を含むことができる。用語「ベーマイト」は、典型的にはＡｌ２Ｏ３・Ｈ２Ｏであって約１５％の含水量を有する鉱物ベーマイト、ならびに１５％超、例えば、２０〜３８重量％の含水量を有する擬ベーマイトを含めたアルミナ水和物を表すのに本明細書において一般に用いられる。ベーマイト（擬ベーマイトを含む）が、特定の識別可能な結晶構造、したがって特有のＸ線回折パターンを有することに注意されたい。このように、ベーマイトは、他のアルミナ水和物、例えば、ＡＴＨ（三水酸化アルミニウム）、ベーマイト粒子状材料の製造のために本明細書において用いられる一般的な前駆体材料を含めた他のアルミニウム材料と区別される。 According to one embodiment, the ceramic powder material can include oxides, nitrides, carbides, borides, oxycarbides, oxynitrides, and combinations thereof. In certain examples, the ceramic material can include alumina. More particularly, the ceramic material can include a boehmite material that can be a precursor of α-alumina. The term “boehmite” is a mineral boehmite, typically Al 2 O 3 .H 2 O, having a water content of about 15%, as well as a pseudo-boehmite having a water content of more than 15%, eg 20-38% by weight. Generally used herein to describe alumina hydrates including boehmite. Note that boehmite (including pseudoboehmite) has a specific identifiable crystal structure and thus a unique X-ray diffraction pattern. Thus, boehmite can be other alumina hydrates, such as ATH (aluminum trihydroxide), other common precursor materials used herein for the manufacture of boehmite particulate materials. Differentiated from aluminum material.
さらに、混合物１０１は、特定の含量の液体材料を有するように形成され得る。いくつかの好適な液体は、水を含んでいてよい。１つの実施形態によると、混合物１０１は、混合物１０１の固体含量未満の液体含量を有するように形成され得る。より詳細な例において、混合物１０１は、混合物１０１の合計重量に対して少なくとも約２５重量％の液体含量を有することができる。他の場合において、混合物１０１内の液体の含量は、より多く、例えば、少なくとも約３５重量％、少なくとも約４５重量％、少なくとも約５０重量％、またはさらには少なくとも約５８重量％であってよい。さらに、少なくとも１つの非限定的な実施形態において、混合物の液体含量は、約７５重量％以下、例えば、約７０重量％以下、約６５重量％以下、約６２重量％以下、またはさらには約６０重量％以下であってよい。混合物１０１中の液体材料の含量は、上記に記述した最小および最大百分率のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。 Furthermore, the mixture 101 can be formed to have a specific content of liquid material. Some suitable liquids may include water. According to one embodiment, the mixture 101 may be formed to have a liquid content that is less than the solid content of the mixture 101. In a more detailed example, mixture 101 can have a liquid content of at least about 25% by weight relative to the total weight of mixture 101. In other cases, the content of liquid in the mixture 101 may be more, for example, at least about 35 wt%, at least about 45 wt%, at least about 50 wt%, or even at least about 58 wt%. Further, in at least one non-limiting embodiment, the liquid content of the mixture is about 75% or less, such as about 70% or less, about 65% or less, about 62% or less, or even about 60%. It may be up to wt%. It will be appreciated that the content of liquid material in the mixture 101 may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages described above.
さらに、本明細書における実施形態による成形研磨粒子の加工および形成を容易にするために、混合物１０１は、特定の貯蔵弾性率を有することができる。例えば、混合物１０１は、少なくとも約１×１０４Ｐａ、例えば、少なくとも約４×１０４Ｐａ、またはさらには少なくとも約５×１０４Ｐａの貯蔵弾性率を有することができる。しかし、少なくとも１つの非限定的な実施形態において、混合物１０１は、約１×１０７Ｐａ以下、例えば、約２×１０６Ｐａ以下の貯蔵弾性率を有していてよい。混合物１０１の貯蔵弾性率は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。 Furthermore, the mixture 101 can have a specific storage modulus to facilitate processing and formation of shaped abrasive particles according to embodiments herein. For example, the mixture 101 can have a storage modulus of at least about 1 × 10 4 Pa, such as at least about 4 × 10 4 Pa, or even at least about 5 × 10 4 Pa. However, in at least one non-limiting embodiment, the mixture 101 may have a storage modulus of about 1 × 10 7 Pa or less, such as about 2 × 10 6 Pa or less. It will be appreciated that the storage modulus of the mixture 101 may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above.
貯蔵弾性率は、ペルチェプレート温度制御システムにより、ＡＲＥＳまたはＡＲ−Ｇ２回転レオメータを用いた平行プレートシステムを介して測定され得る。試験において、混合物１０１は、互いからおよそ８ｍｍ離間して設定されている２つのプレート間のギャップ内に押し出され得る。ゲルをギャップ内に押し出した後、ギャップを定義する２つのプレート間の距離を、混合物１０１が該プレート間のギャップを完全に満たすまで２ｍｍまで低減する。過剰の混合物を拭き取った後、ギャップを０．１ｍｍだけ減少させ、試験を開始する。試験は、２５ｍｍの平行プレートを用い、１０個１組あたり１０点を記録して、６．２８ｒａｄ／ｓ（１Ｈｚ）で、０．０１％〜１００％の間の歪み範囲の機器設定で行われる振動歪み掃引試験である。試験終了後１時間以内に、ギャップを０．１ｍｍだけ再び減少させ、試験を繰り返す。試験を少なくとも６回繰り返すことができる。１回目の試験は、２回目および３回目の試験と異なってよい。各試料について２回目および３回目の試験からの結果のみが報告されるべきである。 Storage modulus can be measured by a Peltier plate temperature control system via a parallel plate system using an ARES or AR-G2 rotational rheometer. In the test, the mixture 101 can be extruded into a gap between two plates that are set approximately 8 mm apart from each other. After extruding the gel into the gap, the distance between the two plates defining the gap is reduced to 2 mm until the mixture 101 completely fills the gap between the plates. After wiping off excess mixture, the gap is reduced by 0.1 mm and the test is started. The test is carried out using a 25 mm parallel plate, recording 10 points per set of 10 pieces, at 6.28 rad / s (1 Hz), with instrument settings in the strain range between 0.01% and 100%. This is a vibration strain sweep test. Within 1 hour after the end of the test, the gap is reduced again by 0.1 mm and the test is repeated. The test can be repeated at least 6 times. The first test may be different from the second and third tests. Only the results from the second and third tests should be reported for each sample.
さらに、本明細書における実施形態による成形研磨粒子の加工および形成を容易にするために、混合物１０１は、特定の粘度を有することができる。例えば、混合物１０１は、少なくとも約４×１０３Ｐａ・ｓ、少なくとも約５×１０３Ｐａ・ｓ、少なくとも約６×１０３Ｐａ・ｓ、少なくとも約８×１０３Ｐａ・ｓ、少なくとも約１０×１０３Ｐａ・ｓ、少なくとも約２０×１０３Ｐａ・ｓ、少なくとも約３０×１０３Ｐａ・ｓ、少なくとも約４０×１０３Ｐａ・ｓ、少なくとも約５０×１０３Ｐａ・ｓ、少なくとも約６０×１０３Ｐａ・ｓ、または少なくとも約６５×１０３Ｐａ・ｓの粘度を有していてよい。少なくとも１つの非限定的な実施形態において、混合物１０１は、約１００×１０３Ｐａ・ｓ以下、例えば、約９５×１０３Ｐａ・ｓ以下、約９０×１０３Ｐａ・ｓ以下、またはさらには約８５×１０３Ｐａ・ｓ以下の粘度を有していてよい。混合物１０１の粘度は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。粘度は、上記に記載されている貯蔵弾性率と同様に測定され得る。 Further, in order to facilitate processing and formation of shaped abrasive particles according to embodiments herein, the mixture 101 can have a certain viscosity. For example, the mixture 101 is at least about 4 × 10 3 Pa · s, at least about 5 × 10 3 Pa · s, at least about 6 × 10 3 Pa · s, at least about 8 × 10 3 Pa · s, at least about 10 ×. 10 3 Pa · s, at least about 20 × 10 3 Pa · s, at least about 30 × 10 3 Pa · s, at least about 40 × 10 3 Pa · s, at least about 50 × 10 3 Pa · s, at least about 60 × It may have a viscosity of 10 3 Pa · s, or at least about 65 × 10 3 Pa · s. In at least one non-limiting embodiment, the mixture 101 is about 100 × 10 3 Pa · s or less, such as about 95 × 10 3 Pa · s or less, about 90 × 10 3 Pa · s or less, or even It may have a viscosity of about 85 × 10 3 Pa · s or less. It will be appreciated that the viscosity of the mixture 101 may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above. Viscosity can be measured similarly to the storage modulus described above.
また、混合物１０１は、本明細書における実施形態による成形研磨粒子の加工および形成を容易にするために、上記液体と異なっていてよい例えば有機添加剤を含めた有機材料を特定の含量で有するように形成され得る。いくつかの好適な有機添加剤として、安定化剤、バインダ、例えば、フルクトース、スクロース、ラクトース、グルコース、ＵＶ硬化性樹脂などを挙げることができる。 Also, the mixture 101 may have a specific content of organic materials including, for example, organic additives, which may be different from the liquid to facilitate processing and formation of shaped abrasive particles according to embodiments herein. Can be formed. Some suitable organic additives can include stabilizers, binders such as fructose, sucrose, lactose, glucose, UV curable resins, and the like.
とりわけ、本明細書における実施形態は、従来の形成操作において用いられているスラリーと異なっていてよい混合物１０１を利用してよい。例えば、混合物１０１内の有機材料、特に、任意の上記有機添加剤の含量は、混合物１０１内の他の成分と比較して少量であってよい。少なくとも１つの実施形態において、混合物１０１は、混合物１０１の合計重量に対して約３０重量％以下の有機材料を有するように形成され得る。他の場合において、有機材料の量は、より少ない、例えば、約１５重量％以下、約１０重量％以下、またはさらには約５重量％以下であってよい。さらに、少なくとも１つの非限定的な実施形態において、混合物１０１内の有機材料の量は、混合物１０１の合計重量に対して少なくとも約０．０１重量％、例えば、少なくとも約０．５重量％であってよい。混合物１０１における有機材料の量は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。 In particular, the embodiments herein may utilize a mixture 101 that may be different from the slurry used in conventional forming operations. For example, the content of the organic material in the mixture 101, particularly any of the above organic additives, may be small compared to the other components in the mixture 101. In at least one embodiment, the mixture 101 can be formed to have no more than about 30 wt% organic material relative to the total weight of the mixture 101. In other cases, the amount of organic material may be less, for example, about 15 wt% or less, about 10 wt% or less, or even about 5 wt% or less. Further, in at least one non-limiting embodiment, the amount of organic material in mixture 101 is at least about 0.01 wt%, for example at least about 0.5 wt%, relative to the total weight of mixture 101. It's okay. It will be appreciated that the amount of organic material in the mixture 101 may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above.
また、混合物１０１は、本明細書における実施形態による成形研磨粒子の加工および形成を容易にするために、液体分とは異なる、特定の含量の酸または塩基を有するように形成され得る。いくつかの好適な酸または塩基として、硝酸、硫酸、クエン酸、塩素酸、酒石酸、リン酸、硝酸アンモニウム、およびクエン酸アンモニウムを挙げることができる。硝酸添加剤が用いられる１つの特定の実施形態によると、混合物１０１は、約５未満のｐＨを有していてよく、より詳細には、約２と約４との間の範囲内のｐＨを有していてよい。 Mixture 101 can also be formed to have a specific content of acid or base that is different from the liquid content to facilitate processing and formation of shaped abrasive particles according to embodiments herein. Some suitable acids or bases can include nitric acid, sulfuric acid, citric acid, chloric acid, tartaric acid, phosphoric acid, ammonium nitrate, and ammonium citrate. According to one particular embodiment in which a nitric acid additive is used, the mixture 101 may have a pH of less than about 5, and more particularly a pH in the range between about 2 and about 4. You may have.
図１Ａのシステム１５０は、ダイ１０３を含むことができる。示すように、混合物１０１は、ダイ１０３の内部に付与されて、ダイ１０３の一方の端に位置付けられたダイ開口部１０５を通して押し出されるように構成されていてよい。さらに示すように、押出は、ダイ開口部１０５を通した混合物１０１の押出を容易にするように力１８０（例えば圧力）を混合物１０１に適用することを含むことができる。実施形態において、システム１５０は、スクリーン印刷プロセスと一般に称され得る。適用ゾーン１８３内での押出の間、スクリーン１５１は、ベルト１０９の一部と直接接触していてよい。スクリーン印刷プロセスは、方向１９１にダイ開口部１０５を通してダイ１０３から混合物１０１を押し出すことを含むことができる。特に、スクリーン印刷プロセスは、ダイ開口部１０５を通して混合物１０１を押し出すとき、混合物１０１がスクリーン１５１における開口部１５２内に押し進められ得るように、スクリーン１５１を利用してもよい。 The system 150 of FIG. 1A can include a die 103. As shown, the mixture 101 may be configured to be applied inside the die 103 and extruded through a die opening 105 positioned at one end of the die 103. As further shown, extrusion can include applying a force 180 (eg, pressure) to the mixture 101 to facilitate extrusion of the mixture 101 through the die opening 105. In an embodiment, system 150 may be generally referred to as a screen printing process. During extrusion within the application zone 183, the screen 151 may be in direct contact with a portion of the belt 109. The screen printing process can include extruding mixture 101 from die 103 through die opening 105 in direction 191. In particular, the screen printing process may utilize the screen 151 such that when the mixture 101 is extruded through the die opening 105, the mixture 101 can be forced into the opening 152 in the screen 151.
実施形態によると、押出の間に特定の圧力が利用されてよい。例えば、該圧力は、少なくとも約１０ｋＰａ、例えば、少なくとも約５００ｋＰａであってよい。さらに、少なくとも１つの非限定的な実施形態において、押出の間に利用される圧力は、約４ＭＰａ以下であってよい。混合物１０１を押し出すのに用いられる圧力は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。特定の例において、ピストン１９９によって送達される圧力の一貫性により、成形研磨粒子の加工および形成の改良を容易にすることができる。とりわけ、混合物１０１を横切りかつダイ１０３の幅を横切る一貫した圧力の制御された送達により、成形研磨粒子の加工制御の改良および寸法特性の改良を容易にすることができる。 According to embodiments, a specific pressure may be utilized during extrusion. For example, the pressure may be at least about 10 kPa, such as at least about 500 kPa. Further, in at least one non-limiting embodiment, the pressure utilized during extrusion can be about 4 MPa or less. It will be appreciated that the pressure used to extrude the mixture 101 may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above. In certain instances, the consistency of pressure delivered by piston 199 can facilitate improved processing and formation of shaped abrasive particles. In particular, controlled delivery of consistent pressure across the mixture 101 and across the width of the die 103 can facilitate improved processing control and improved dimensional characteristics of the shaped abrasive particles.
図１Ｂを簡単に参照すると、スクリーン１５１の一部が示されている。示すように、スクリーン１５１は、開口部１５２、より詳細には、スクリーン１５１の容積を通して延在する複数の開口部１５２を含むことができる。実施形態によると、開口部１５２は、スクリーンの長さ（Ｌ）および幅（Ｗ）によって定義される平面で見たとき二次元形状を有することができる。二次元形状として、種々の形状、例えば、多角形、楕円体、数字、ギリシャアルファベット文字、ラテンアルファベット文字、ロシアアルファベット文字、多角形の組み合わせを含む複雑な形状、およびこれらの組み合わせを挙げることができる。特定の例において、開口部１５２は、二次元の多角形、例えば、三角形、矩形、四角形、五角形、六角形、七角形、八角形、九角形、十角形、およびこれらの組み合わせを有していてよい。 Referring briefly to FIG. 1B, a portion of the screen 151 is shown. As shown, the screen 151 can include openings 152, and more particularly, a plurality of openings 152 that extend through the volume of the screen 151. According to embodiments, the opening 152 can have a two-dimensional shape when viewed in a plane defined by the length (L) and width (W) of the screen. Two-dimensional shapes can include various shapes, such as polygons, ellipsoids, numbers, Greek alphabet letters, Latin alphabet letters, Russian alphabet letters, complex shapes including combinations of polygons, and combinations thereof. . In particular examples, the opening 152 has a two-dimensional polygon, for example, a triangle, rectangle, quadrangle, pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon, nine-sided, decagon, and combinations thereof. Good.
さらに示すように、スクリーン１５１は、互いに対して特定の様式で配向されている開口部１５２を有することができる。示すように、一実施形態によると、開口部１５２は、それぞれ、互いに対して実質的に同じ配向、およびスクリーンの表面に対して実質的に同じ配向を有することができる。例えば、開口部１５２は、それぞれ、スクリーン１５１の横軸１５８を横切って横方向に延在する開口部１５２の第１列１５６に関して第１平面１５５を定義する第１エッジ１５４を有することができる。第１平面１５５は、スクリーン１５１の縦軸１５７に実質的に直交する方向に延在することができる。しかし、他の場合において、開口部１５２は、互いに対して必ずしも同じ配向を有する必要がないことが認識される。 As further shown, the screens 151 can have openings 152 that are oriented in a particular manner relative to each other. As shown, according to one embodiment, the openings 152 can each have substantially the same orientation relative to each other and substantially the same orientation relative to the surface of the screen. For example, the openings 152 can each have a first edge 154 that defines a first plane 155 with respect to a first row 156 of openings 152 that extends laterally across the horizontal axis 158 of the screen 151. The first plane 155 can extend in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 157 of the screen 151. However, it will be appreciated that in other cases the openings 152 need not have the same orientation relative to each other.
また、開口部１５２の第１列１５６は、成形研磨粒子の特定の加工および制御された形成を容易にするように並進の方向に対して配向されてよい。例えば、開口部１５２は、第１列１５６の第１平面１５５が並進１７１の方向に対して角度を定義するようにスクリーン１５１に配置されていてよい。示すように、第１平面１５５は、並進１７１の方向に実質的に直交する角度を定義してよい。さらに、一実施形態において、開口部１５２は、第１列１５６の第１平面１５５が、例えば、鋭角または鈍角を含めた、並進の方向に関して異なる角度を定義するようにスクリーン１５１に配置されていてよいことが認識される。さらに、開口部１５２は必ずしも列をなして配置されていなくてもよいことが認識される。開口部１５２は、スクリーン１５１において互いに関して種々の特定の秩序分布で、例えば、二次元パターンの形態で配置されていてよい。代替的には、開口部は、スクリーン１５１においてランダムに設けられていてよい。 Also, the first row 156 of openings 152 may be oriented with respect to the direction of translation to facilitate specific processing and controlled formation of shaped abrasive particles. For example, the openings 152 may be disposed on the screen 151 such that the first plane 155 of the first row 156 defines an angle with respect to the direction of the translation 171. As shown, the first plane 155 may define an angle that is substantially orthogonal to the direction of the translation 171. Further, in one embodiment, the openings 152 are disposed in the screen 151 such that the first plane 155 of the first row 156 defines a different angle with respect to the direction of translation, including, for example, an acute angle or an obtuse angle. It is recognized that it is good. Furthermore, it will be appreciated that the openings 152 need not necessarily be arranged in rows. The openings 152 may be arranged in various specific order distributions relative to each other on the screen 151, for example in the form of a two-dimensional pattern. Alternatively, the openings may be randomly provided on the screen 151.
図１Ａを再び参照すると、スクリーン１５１において、ダイ開口部１０５を通して混合物１０１を、開口部１５２を通して混合物１０１の一部を押し進めた後、１つ以上の前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３が、スクリーン１５１下に設けられたベルト１０９に印刷されてよい。特定の実施形態によると、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３は、開口部１５２の形状を実質的に複製する形状を有することができる。とりわけ、混合物１０１は、スクリーンを通して迅速に押し進められてよく、その結果、混合物１０１の開口部１５２内での平均滞留時間が、約２分未満、約１分未満、約４０秒未満、またはさらには約２０秒未満となり得る。特定の非限定的な実施形態において、混合物１０１は、スクリーン開口部１５２を通って進行するとき、印刷の間に実質的に変更されず、これにより、元の混合物からの成分量の変化を経験しなくてよく、また、スクリーン１５１の開口部１５２における相当な乾燥を経験しなくてよい。 Referring again to FIG. 1A, after pushing the mixture 101 through the die opening 105 and a portion of the mixture 101 through the opening 152 in the screen 151, one or more precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 are below the screen 151. May be printed on the belt 109 provided in According to certain embodiments, the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 can have a shape that substantially replicates the shape of the opening 152. In particular, the mixture 101 may be rapidly pushed through the screen so that the average residence time of the mixture 101 in the opening 152 is less than about 2 minutes, less than about 1 minute, less than about 40 seconds, or even It can be less than about 20 seconds. In certain non-limiting embodiments, when the mixture 101 travels through the screen opening 152, it is not substantially altered during printing, thereby experiencing a change in the amount of ingredients from the original mixture. And may not experience significant drying in the opening 152 of the screen 151.
加えて、システム１５１は、適用ゾーン１８３内に下段１９８を含むことができる。成形研磨粒子を形成するプロセスの間、ベルト１０９は、下段１９８上を進行することができ、形成に好適な基材を付与することができる。一実施形態によると、下段１９８は、本明細書における実施形態による成形研磨粒子の形成を容易にするのに適した構成を有する金属または金属合金などの例えば無機材料を含む特に剛性の構成を含むことができる。また、下段１９８は、ベルト１０９と直接接触しかつ特定の幾何学形状および／または寸法（例えば、平坦さ、表面粗さなど）を有する上面を有することができ、成形研磨粒子の寸法特性の制御の改良を容易にすることもできる。 In addition, the system 151 can include a lower stage 198 within the application zone 183. During the process of forming shaped abrasive particles, the belt 109 can travel over the lower stage 198 and can provide a suitable substrate for formation. According to one embodiment, lower stage 198 includes a particularly rigid configuration including, for example, an inorganic material, such as a metal or metal alloy having a configuration suitable to facilitate the formation of shaped abrasive particles according to embodiments herein. be able to. The lower stage 198 can also have an upper surface that is in direct contact with the belt 109 and has a particular geometry and / or dimensions (eg, flatness, surface roughness, etc.), and controls the dimensional characteristics of the shaped abrasive particles. It is also possible to facilitate the improvement.
システム１５０の操作の間、スクリーン１５１は方向１５３に並進されてよく、一方で、ベルト１０９は、連続する印刷操作を容易にするように、少なくとも適用ゾーン１８３内で、方向１５３と実質的に同様の方向１１０に並進されてよい。こうして、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３は、ベルト１０９上に印刷され、ベルト１０９に沿って並進されて、さらなる加工を経ることができる。かかるさらなる加工は、例えば、成形、他の材料（例えば、ドーパント材料）の適用、乾燥などを含めた、本明細書における実施形態に記載されているプロセスを含むことができることが認識される。 During operation of the system 150, the screen 151 may be translated in the direction 153, while the belt 109 is substantially similar to the direction 153 at least within the application zone 183 to facilitate continuous printing operations. May be translated in direction 110. Thus, the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 can be printed on the belt 109 and translated along the belt 109 for further processing. It will be appreciated that such further processing can include the processes described in the embodiments herein, including, for example, molding, application of other materials (eg, dopant materials), drying, and the like.
いくつかの実施形態において、ベルト１０９および／またはスクリーン１５１は、ダイ開口部１０５を通して混合物１０１を押し出しながら並進されてよい。システム１００に示すように、混合物１０１は、方向１９１に押し出されてよい。ベルト１０９および／またはスクリーン１５１の並進の方向１１０は、混合物１０１の押し出し１９１の方向に対して角度付けられ得る。並進の方向１１０と押し出し１９１の方向との間の角度がシステム１００に実質的に直交するとして示されているが、例えば、鋭角または鈍角を含めた他の角度も企図される。 In some embodiments, the belt 109 and / or the screen 151 may be translated while pushing the mixture 101 through the die opening 105. As shown in system 100, mixture 101 may be extruded in direction 191. The direction of translation 110 of the belt 109 and / or the screen 151 can be angled with respect to the direction of the extrusion 191 of the mixture 101. While the angle between the direction of translation 110 and the direction of extrusion 191 is shown as being substantially orthogonal to the system 100, other angles are contemplated, including, for example, acute or obtuse angles.
ベルト１０９および／またはスクリーン１５１は、加工を容易にする特定の速度で並進されてよい。例えば、ベルト１０９および／またはスクリーン１５１は、少なくとも約３ｃｍ／ｓの速度で並進されてよい。他の実施形態において、ベルト１０９および／またはスクリーン１５１の並進の速度は、より高速、例えば、少なくとも約４ｃｍ／ｓ、少なくとも約６ｃｍ／ｓ、少なくとも約８ｃｍ／ｓ、またはさらには少なくとも約１０ｃｍ／ｓであってよい。さらに、少なくとも１つの非限定的な実施形態において、ベルト１０９および／またはスクリーン１５１は、約５ｍ／ｓ以下、約１ｍ／ｓ以下、またはさらには約０．５ｍ／ｓ以下の速度で方向１１０に並進されてよい。ベルト１０９および／またはスクリーン１５１は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内の速度で並進されてよく、また、互いに対して実質的に同じ速度で並進されてよいことが認識される。さらに、本明細書における実施形態によるある特定のプロセスでは、方向１９１における混合物１０１の押出速度と比較してベルト１０９の並進の速度が制御されて適当な加工を容易にすることができる。 The belt 109 and / or screen 151 may be translated at a specific speed that facilitates processing. For example, the belt 109 and / or the screen 151 may be translated at a speed of at least about 3 cm / s. In other embodiments, the speed of translation of belt 109 and / or screen 151 is higher, eg, at least about 4 cm / s, at least about 6 cm / s, at least about 8 cm / s, or even at least about 10 cm / s. It may be. Further, in at least one non-limiting embodiment, the belt 109 and / or the screen 151 can move in the direction 110 at a speed of about 5 m / s or less, about 1 m / s or less, or even about 0.5 m / s or less. May be translated. The belt 109 and / or screen 151 may be translated at a speed within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above, and may be translated at substantially the same speed relative to each other. Be recognized. Further, in certain processes according to embodiments herein, the translation speed of the belt 109 can be controlled relative to the extrusion speed of the mixture 101 in the direction 191 to facilitate proper processing.
混合物１０１は、ダイ開口部１０５を通して押し出された後、ダイ１０３の表面に取り付けられたナイフエッジ１０７の下でベルト１０９に沿って並進されてよい。ナイフエッジ１０７は、スクリーン１５１の開口部１５２内への混合物１０１の移転を容易にするダイ１０３の前の領域を定義することができる。 The mixture 101 may be extruded along the belt 109 under a knife edge 107 attached to the surface of the die 103 after being extruded through the die opening 105. The knife edge 107 can define a region in front of the die 103 that facilitates transfer of the mixture 101 into the opening 152 of the screen 151.
ある特定の加工パラメータは、本明細書に記載されている前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３および最終的に形成される成形研磨粒子の特定の特徴の形成を容易にするように制御され得る。制御され得るいくつかの例示的なプロセスパラメータとして、離型距離１９７、混合物の粘度、混合物の貯蔵弾性率、下段の機械的特性、下段の幾何学的または寸法特性、スクリーンの厚さ、スクリーンの剛性、混合物の固体含量、混合物の担体含量、離型角度、並進速度、温度、離型剤の含量、混合物に及ぼされる圧力、ベルトの速度、およびこれらの組み合わせが挙げられる。 Certain processing parameters may be controlled to facilitate the formation of certain features of the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 and the finally formed shaped abrasive particles described herein. Some exemplary process parameters that can be controlled include release distance 197, viscosity of the mixture, storage modulus of the mixture, lower mechanical properties, lower geometric or dimensional characteristics, screen thickness, screen thickness Stiffness, solids content of the mixture, carrier content of the mixture, release angle, translation speed, temperature, release agent content, pressure exerted on the mixture, belt speed, and combinations thereof.
一実施形態によると、１つの特定のプロセスパラメータは、充填位置と離型位置との間の離型距離１９７を制御することを含むことができる。特に、離型距離１９７は、ダイ１０３の端部と、スクリーン１５１およびベルト１０９間の分離開始点との間の、ベルト１０９の並進の方向１１０に測定した距離であってよい。一実施形態によると、離型距離１９７を制御することは、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３または最終的に形成される成形研磨粒子の少なくとも１つの寸法特性に影響し得る。また、離型距離１９７の制御は、限定されないが、長さ、幅、内部高さ（ｈｉ）、内部高さの変動（Ｖｈｉ）、高さ差、プロファイル比、フラッシング指数、凹み指数、すくい角、本明細書における実施形態の任意の寸法特性変動、およびこれらの組み合わせを含めた成形研磨粒子の寸法特性の組み合わせに影響し得る。 According to one embodiment, one particular process parameter may include controlling the mold release distance 197 between the fill position and the mold release position. In particular, the release distance 197 may be a distance measured in the translation direction 110 of the belt 109 between the end of the die 103 and the separation start point between the screen 151 and the belt 109. According to one embodiment, controlling the release distance 197 may affect at least one dimensional characteristic of the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 or the finally formed shaped abrasive particles. The control of the release distance 197 is not limited, but the length, width, internal height (hi), internal height fluctuation (Vhi), height difference, profile ratio, flushing index, dent index, rake angle , Any dimensional characteristic variation of embodiments herein, and combinations of dimensional characteristics of shaped abrasive particles, including combinations thereof.
一実施形態によると、離型距離１９７は、スクリーン１５１の長さ以下であってよい。他の場合において、離型距離１９７は、スクリーン１５１の幅以下であってよい。さらに、１つの特定の実施形態において、離型距離１９７は、スクリーン１５１における開口部１５２の最大寸法の１０倍以下であってよい。例えば、開口部１５２は、例えば図１Ｂに示されている三角形状を有することができ、離型距離１９７は、三角形状を定義する開口部１５２の一辺の長さの１０倍以下であってよい。他の場合において、離型距離１９７は、より短く、例えば、スクリーン１５１における開口部１５２の最大寸法の約８倍以下、例えば、約５倍以下、約３倍以下、約２倍以下、またはさらにはスクリーン１５１における開口部１５２の最大寸法以下であってよい。 According to one embodiment, the release distance 197 may be less than or equal to the length of the screen 151. In other cases, the release distance 197 may be less than or equal to the width of the screen 151. Further, in one particular embodiment, the release distance 197 may be 10 times or less the maximum dimension of the opening 152 in the screen 151. For example, the opening 152 may have a triangular shape as shown in FIG. 1B, for example, and the separation distance 197 may be 10 times or less the length of one side of the opening 152 that defines the triangular shape. . In other cases, the release distance 197 is shorter, for example, no more than about 8 times the maximum dimension of the opening 152 in the screen 151, eg, no more than about 5 times, no more than about 3 times, no more than about twice, or May be less than or equal to the maximum dimension of the opening 152 in the screen 151.
より詳細な例において、離型距離１９７は、約３０ｍｍ以下、例えば、約２０ｍｍ以下、またはさらには約１０ｍｍ以下であってよい。少なくとも１つの実施形態では、離型距離は、実質的にゼロであってよく、より詳細には、本質的にゼロであってよい。したがって、混合物１０１は、適用ゾーン１８３内の開口部１５２内に置かれてよく、スクリーン１５１およびベルト１０９は、ダイ１０３の端部で、またはさらにはダイ１０３の端部の前で互いから分離していてよい。 In more detailed examples, the release distance 197 may be about 30 mm or less, such as about 20 mm or less, or even about 10 mm or less. In at least one embodiment, the release distance may be substantially zero, and more specifically may be essentially zero. Thus, the mixture 101 may be placed in the opening 152 in the application zone 183 and the screen 151 and the belt 109 separate from each other at the end of the die 103 or even before the end of the die 103. It may be.
１つの特定の形成方法によると、離型距離１９７は、本質的にゼロであってよく、混合物１０１による開口部１５２の充填およびベルト１０９とスクリーン１５１との間の分離を実質的に同時に行うことを容易にすることができる。例えば、スクリーン１５１およびベルト１０９がダイ１０３の端部を通って適用ゾーン１８３を出る前に、スクリーン１５１およびベルト１０９の分離が開始されてよい。より特定的な実施形態において、スクリーン１５１とベルト１０９との間の分離は、開口部１５２が混合物１０１で充填された直後に、適用ゾーン１８３を離れる前に、また、スクリーン１５１がダイ１０３の下にある間に開始されてよい。なお別の実施形態において、スクリーン１５１とベルト１０９との間の分離は、混合物１０１がスクリーン１５１の開口部１５２内に置かれている間に開始されてよい。代替の実施形態において、スクリーン１５１とベルト１０９との間の分離は、混合物１０１がスクリーン１５１の開口部１５２に置かれる前に開始されてよい。例えば、開口部１５２がダイ開口部１０５の下を通る前に、ベルト１０９およびスクリーン１５１が分離されていて、その結果、混合物１０１が開口部１５２内に押し進められながらも、ベルト１０９とスクリーン１５１との間にギャップが存在することとなる。 According to one particular forming method, the separation distance 197 may be essentially zero, and filling the opening 152 with the mixture 101 and separating between the belt 109 and the screen 151 substantially simultaneously. Can be made easier. For example, the separation of screen 151 and belt 109 may be initiated before screen 151 and belt 109 exit application zone 183 through the end of die 103. In a more specific embodiment, the separation between the screen 151 and the belt 109 is performed immediately after the opening 152 is filled with the mixture 101, before leaving the application zone 183, and when the screen 151 is below the die 103. You can start while you are at. In yet another embodiment, the separation between the screen 151 and the belt 109 may be initiated while the mixture 101 is placed in the opening 152 of the screen 151. In an alternative embodiment, the separation between the screen 151 and the belt 109 may be initiated before the mixture 101 is placed in the opening 152 of the screen 151. For example, the belt 109 and the screen 151 are separated before the opening 152 passes under the die opening 105, so that the mixture 109 is pushed into the opening 152 while the belt 109 and the screen 151. There will be a gap between them.
例えば、図２は、離型距離１９７が実質的にゼロであり、ベルト１０９とスクリーン１５１との間の分離がベルト１０９およびスクリーン１５１がダイ開口部１０５の下を通る前に開始される印刷操作を示す。より詳細には、ベルト１０９とスクリーン１５１との間の離型が、ベルト１０９およびスクリーン１５１が適用ゾーン１８３に入りダイ１０３の前部の下を通るときに開始される。さらに、いくつかの実施形態において、ベルト１０９およびスクリーン１５１の分離が、ベルト１０９およびスクリーン１５１が（ダイ１０３の前部によって定義される）適用ゾーン１８３に入る前に起こり得、その結果、離型距離１９７が負の値となる場合があることが認識される。 For example, FIG. 2 shows a printing operation in which the separation distance 197 is substantially zero and the separation between the belt 109 and the screen 151 is initiated before the belt 109 and the screen 151 pass under the die opening 105. Indicates. More specifically, the release between belt 109 and screen 151 begins when belt 109 and screen 151 enter application zone 183 and pass under the front of die 103. Further, in some embodiments, separation of belt 109 and screen 151 may occur before belt 109 and screen 151 enter application zone 183 (defined by the front of die 103), resulting in release. It will be appreciated that the distance 197 may be negative.
離型距離１９７の制御は、改良された寸法特性および改良された寸法公差（例えば、低い寸法特性変動）を有する成形研磨粒子の制御された形成を容易にすることができる。例えば、離型距離１９７を減少させることは、他の加工パラメータを制御することと組み合わされて、より大きな内部高さ（ｈｉ）値を有する成形研磨粒子の改良された形成を容易にすることができる。 Control of the mold release distance 197 can facilitate controlled formation of shaped abrasive particles having improved dimensional characteristics and improved dimensional tolerances (eg, low dimensional characteristic variations). For example, reducing the mold release distance 197 may be combined with controlling other processing parameters to facilitate improved formation of shaped abrasive particles having larger internal height (hi) values. it can.
加えて、図２に示すように、ベルト１０９の表面とスクリーン１５１の下面１９８との間の分離高さ１９６の制御は、改良された寸法特性および改良された寸法公差（例えば、低い寸法特性変動）を有する成形研磨粒子の制御された形成を容易にすることができる。分離高さ１９６は、スクリーン１５１の厚さ、ベルト１０９とダイ１０３との間の距離、およびこれらの組み合わせに関係し得る。また、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３の１つ以上の寸法特性（例えば、内部高さ）は、分離高さ１９６およびスクリーン１５１の厚さを制御することによって制御されてよい。特定の例において、スクリーン１５１は、約７００μｍ以下、例えば、約６９０μｍ以下、約６８０μｍ以下、約６７０μｍ以下、約６５０μｍ以下、または約６４０μｍ以下の平均厚さを有することができる。さらに、スクリーンの平均厚さは、少なくとも約１００μｍ、例えば、少なくとも約３００μｍ、またはさらには少なくとも約４００μｍであってよい。 In addition, as shown in FIG. 2, control of the separation height 196 between the surface of the belt 109 and the lower surface 198 of the screen 151 can be achieved by improved dimensional characteristics and improved dimensional tolerances (eg, low dimensional characteristic variations). ) To facilitate controlled formation of shaped abrasive particles. The separation height 196 may relate to the thickness of the screen 151, the distance between the belt 109 and the die 103, and combinations thereof. Also, one or more dimensional characteristics (eg, internal height) of the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 may be controlled by controlling the separation height 196 and the screen 151 thickness. In particular examples, the screen 151 can have an average thickness of about 700 μm or less, such as about 690 μm or less, about 680 μm or less, about 670 μm or less, about 650 μm or less, or about 640 μm or less. Further, the average thickness of the screen may be at least about 100 μm, such as at least about 300 μm, or even at least about 400 μm.
１つの実施形態において、制御のプロセスとして、測定、計算、調整、およびこれらの組み合わせを含むことができる多段階プロセスを挙げることができる。かかるプロセスは、プロセスパラメータ、寸法特性、寸法特性の組み合わせ、およびこれらの組み合わせに適用され得る。例えば、一実施形態において、制御は、１つ以上の寸法特性を測定することと、１つ以上の寸法特性の測定のプロセスに基づいて１つ以上の値を計算することと、１つ以上の計算値に基づいて１つ以上のプロセスパラメータ（例えば、離型距離１９７）を調整することとを含むことができる。制御のプロセス、特に、測定、計算、および調整のプロセスのいずれかが、成形研磨粒子の形成の前、後または間に完了してよい。１つの特定の実施形態において、制御プロセスは、連続プロセスであって、１つ以上の寸法特性が測定され、１つ以上のプロセスパラメータが、測定された寸法特性に応じて変更される（すなわち、調整される）プロセスであってよい。例えば、制御のプロセスは、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３の高さ差などの寸法特性を測定することと、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３の高さ値の差を計算することと、離型距離１９７を変更して前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３の高さ値の差を変更することとを含むことができる。 In one embodiment, the process of control can include a multi-step process that can include measurement, calculation, adjustment, and combinations thereof. Such a process may be applied to process parameters, dimensional characteristics, combinations of dimensional characteristics, and combinations thereof. For example, in one embodiment, the control measures one or more dimensional characteristics, calculates one or more values based on a process of measuring one or more dimensional characteristics, and one or more Adjusting one or more process parameters (eg, release distance 197) based on the calculated value. Any of the control processes, particularly the measurement, calculation, and adjustment processes, may be completed before, after, or during the formation of the shaped abrasive particles. In one particular embodiment, the control process is a continuous process in which one or more dimensional characteristics are measured and one or more process parameters are changed according to the measured dimensional characteristics (ie, Process). For example, the control process may include measuring a dimensional characteristic such as a height difference of the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123, calculating a difference in height value of the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123, and releasing distance. 197 can be changed to change the difference in height value of the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123.
図１を再び参照すると、スクリーン１５１の開口部１５２内に混合物１０１を押し出した後、ベルト１０９およびスクリーン１５１は、ベルト１０９およびスクリーン１５１が前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３の形成を容易にするように分離され得る離型ゾーン１８５に並進されてよい。実施形態によると、スクリーン１５１およびベルト１０９は、特定の離型角度で離型ゾーン１８５内において互いから分離されていてよい。 Referring again to FIG. 1, after extruding the mixture 101 into the opening 152 of the screen 151, the belt 109 and the screen 151 allow the belt 109 and the screen 151 to facilitate the formation of the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123. It may be translated into a release zone 185 that can be separated. According to an embodiment, the screen 151 and the belt 109 may be separated from each other within the release zone 185 at a specific release angle.
実際には、示すように、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３は、種々の処理プロセスが行われ得る一連のゾーンを通って並進されてよい。いくつかの好適な例示的な処理プロセスとして、乾燥、加熱、硬化、反応、照射、混合、撹拌、振とう、平坦化、仮焼、焼結、粉砕、篩分け、ドーピング、およびこれらの組み合わせを挙げることができる。一実施形態によると、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３は、任意選択的な成形ゾーン１１３を通して並進されてよく、粒子の少なくとも１つの外面が、本明細書における実施形態に記載されているように成形されてよい。さらに、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３は、任意選択的な適用ゾーン１３１を通して並進されてよく、ドーパント材料が、本明細書における実施形態に記載されているように粒子の少なくとも１つの外面に適用され得る。さらにまた、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３は、任意選択的な後形成ゾーン１２５を通してベルト１０９において並進されてよく、例えば乾燥を含む種々のプロセスが、本明細書における実施形態に記載されているように前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３において行われてよい。 In practice, as shown, the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 may be translated through a series of zones where various processing processes may be performed. Some suitable exemplary treatment processes include drying, heating, curing, reaction, irradiation, mixing, stirring, shaking, planarization, calcining, sintering, grinding, sieving, doping, and combinations thereof. Can be mentioned. According to one embodiment, the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 may be translated through an optional shaping zone 113 with at least one outer surface of the particles shaped as described in the embodiments herein. May be. Further, the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 may be translated through an optional application zone 131 and the dopant material is applied to at least one outer surface of the particles as described in the embodiments herein. obtain. Furthermore, the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 may be translated on the belt 109 through an optional post-form zone 125, as various processes including, for example, drying are described in the embodiments herein. Alternatively, it may be performed on the shaped abrasive particles 123 of the precursor.
適用ゾーン１３１は、１つ以上の前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３の少なくとも１つの外面に材料を適用するのに用いられてよい。実施形態によると、ドーパント材料が前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３に適用されてよい。より詳細には、図１に示すように、適用ゾーン１３１は、後形成ゾーン１２５の前に位置付けられ得る。こうして、ドーパント材料を適用するプロセスは、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３において完了し得る。しかし、適用ゾーン１３１は、システム１００内の他の箇所に位置付けられてよいことが認識される。例えば、ドーパント材料を適用するプロセスは、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３を形成した後、より詳細には後形成ゾーン１２５の後に完了し得る。本明細書においてより詳細に記載されている、なお他の例において、ドーパント材料を適用するプロセスは、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３を形成するプロセスと同時に行われてよい。 Application zone 131 may be used to apply material to at least one outer surface of one or more precursor shaped abrasive particles 123. According to embodiments, a dopant material may be applied to the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the application zone 131 can be positioned in front of the post-forming zone 125. Thus, the process of applying the dopant material can be completed in the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123. However, it will be appreciated that the application zone 131 may be located elsewhere in the system 100. For example, the process of applying the dopant material may be completed after forming the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123, and more particularly after the post-forming zone 125. In still other examples, described in greater detail herein, the process of applying the dopant material may be performed concurrently with the process of forming the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123.
適用ゾーン１３１内において、ドーパント材料は、例えば、噴霧、浸漬、堆積、含浸、転写、打ち抜き、切削、押圧、破砕、およびこれらの任意の組み合わせを含めた種々の方法を利用して適用されてよい。特定の例において、適用ゾーン１３１は、ドーパント材料を前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３上に噴霧するのにスプレーノズル、またはスプレーノズル１３２および１３３の組み合わせを利用することができる。 Within the application zone 131, the dopant material may be applied using a variety of methods including, for example, spraying, dipping, deposition, impregnation, transfer, stamping, cutting, pressing, crushing, and any combination thereof. . In certain examples, application zone 131 may utilize a spray nozzle, or a combination of spray nozzles 132 and 133, to spray the dopant material onto precursor shaped abrasive particles 123.
実施形態によると、ドーパント材料の適用として、特定の材料、例えば前駆体の適用を挙げることができる。ある特定の場合において、前駆体は、最終的に形成される成形研磨粒子に組み込まれるドーパント材料を含む塩、例えば金属塩であってよい。例えば、金属塩は、ドーパント材料に対する前駆体である元素または化合物を含むことができる。塩材料は、液体の形態、例えば、塩および液体担体を含む分散液中にあってよいことが認識される。塩は窒素を含んでいてよく、より詳細には、硝酸塩を含むことができる。他の実施形態において、塩は、塩化物、硫酸塩、リン酸塩、およびこれらの組み合わせであってよい。１つの実施形態において、塩は、金属硝酸塩を含んでいてよく、より詳細には、金属硝酸塩から本質的になっていてよい。 According to embodiments, application of the dopant material may include application of a specific material, such as a precursor. In certain cases, the precursor may be a salt, such as a metal salt, that includes a dopant material that is incorporated into the final formed abrasive particles. For example, the metal salt can include an element or compound that is a precursor to the dopant material. It will be appreciated that the salt material may be in liquid form, for example in a dispersion comprising salt and a liquid carrier. The salt may contain nitrogen, and more particularly nitrate. In other embodiments, the salt may be chloride, sulfate, phosphate, and combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the salt may comprise a metal nitrate, and more particularly may consist essentially of a metal nitrate.
１つの実施形態において、ドーパント材料として、元素または化合物、例えば、アルカリ元素、アルカリ土類元素、希土類元素、ハフニウム、ジルコニウム、ニオブ、タンタル、モリブデン、バナジウム、またはこれらの組み合わせを挙げることができる。１つの特定の実施形態において、ドーパント材料として、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、スカンジウム、イットリウム、ランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム、ニオブ、ハフニウム、ジルコニウム、タンタル、モリブデン、バナジウム、クロム、コバルト、鉄、ゲルマニウム、マンガン、ニッケル、チタン、亜鉛、およびこれらの組み合わせなどの元素を含めた、元素または化合物が挙げられる。 In one embodiment, the dopant material can include an element or compound, such as an alkali element, alkaline earth element, rare earth element, hafnium, zirconium, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, or combinations thereof. In one particular embodiment, the dopant material includes lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, niobium, hafnium, zirconium, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, chromium, Examples include elements or compounds, including elements such as cobalt, iron, germanium, manganese, nickel, titanium, zinc, and combinations thereof.
特定の例において、ドーパント材料を適用するプロセスは、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３の少なくとも１つの外面にドーパント材料を選択的に置くことを含むことができる。例えば、ドーパント材料を適用するプロセスは、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３の上面または底面へのドーパント材料の適用を含むことができる。なお別の実施形態において、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３の１つ以上の側面は、これにドーパント材料が適用されるように処理され得る。前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３の種々の外面にドーパント材料を適用するのに種々の方法が用いられてよいことが認識される。例えば、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３の上面または側面にドーパント材料を適用するのに噴霧プロセスが用いられてよい。さらに、代替の実施形態において、ドーパント材料は、浸漬、堆積、含浸、またはこれらの組み合わせなどのプロセスを通して前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３の底面に適用されてよい。ベルト１０９の表面は、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３の底面へのドーパント材料の転写を容易にするようにドーパント材料によって処理されてよいことが認識される。 In certain instances, the process of applying the dopant material can include selectively placing the dopant material on at least one outer surface of the precursor shaped abrasive particle 123. For example, the process of applying the dopant material can include applying the dopant material to the top or bottom surface of the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123. In yet another embodiment, one or more sides of the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 can be treated such that a dopant material is applied thereto. It will be appreciated that various methods may be used to apply the dopant material to the various outer surfaces of the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123. For example, a spray process may be used to apply the dopant material to the top or sides of the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123. Further, in alternative embodiments, the dopant material may be applied to the bottom surface of the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 through a process such as dipping, deposition, impregnation, or a combination thereof. It will be appreciated that the surface of the belt 109 may be treated with a dopant material to facilitate transfer of the dopant material to the bottom surface of the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123.
前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３を形成した後、該粒子は、後形成ゾーン１２５を通して並進されてよい。前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３の処理を含めた種々のプロセスが後形成ゾーン１２５において行われてよい。１つの実施形態において、後形成ゾーン１２５は、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３が乾燥され得る加熱プロセスを含むことができる。乾燥は、揮発性物質、例えば水を含めた、特定の材料分の除去を含んでいてよい。実施形態によると、乾燥プロセスは、約３００℃以下、例えば、約２８０℃以下、またはさらには約２５０℃以下の乾燥温度で行われ得る。さらに、１つの非限定的な実施形態において、乾燥プロセスは、少なくとも約５０℃の乾燥温度で行われてよい。乾燥温度は、上記に記述した最低および最高温度のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。さらに、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３は、特定の速度、例えば、少なくとも約０．２フィート／分かつ約８フィート／分以下で後形成ゾーン１２５を通って並進されてよい。 After forming the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123, the particles may be translated through a post-forming zone 125. Various processes may be performed in the post-forming zone 125, including treatment of the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123. In one embodiment, the post-forming zone 125 can include a heating process in which the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 can be dried. Drying may involve the removal of certain materials, including volatile substances such as water. According to embodiments, the drying process may be performed at a drying temperature of about 300 ° C. or lower, such as about 280 ° C. or lower, or even about 250 ° C. or lower. Further, in one non-limiting embodiment, the drying process may be performed at a drying temperature of at least about 50 ° C. It will be appreciated that the drying temperature may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum temperatures described above. Further, the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 may be translated through the post-form zone 125 at a specific speed, for example at least about 0.2 feet / minute and not more than about 8 feet / minute.
さらに、乾燥プロセスは、特定の継続時間にわたって行われてよい。例えば、乾燥プロセスは、約６時間以下であってよい。 Furthermore, the drying process may be performed for a specific duration. For example, the drying process can be about 6 hours or less.
前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３は、後形成ゾーン１２５を通って並進された後、ベルト１０９から除去されてよい。前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３は、さらなる加工のために瓶１２７に収集されてよい。 Precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 may be removed from belt 109 after translation through post-forming zone 125. The precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 may be collected in a bottle 127 for further processing.
実施形態によると、成形研磨粒子を形成するプロセスは、焼結プロセスをさらに含んでいてよい。本明細書における実施形態のある特定のプロセスにおいて、焼結は、ベルト１０９から前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３を収集した後に行われ得る。代替的には、焼結は、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３がベルト１０９上にある間に行われるプロセスであってよい。前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３の焼結は、概してグリーン状態にある粒子を高密度化するのに利用されてよい。特定の例において、焼結プロセスは、セラミック材料の高温相の形成を容易にすることができる。例えば、一実施形態において、前駆体の成形研磨粒子１２３は、アルミナ、例えば、α−アルミナの高温相が形成されるように焼結されてよい。一例において、成形研磨粒子は、粒子の合計重量の少なくとも約９０重量％のα−アルミナを含むことができる。他の場合において、α−アルミナの含量は、成形研磨粒子がα−アルミナから本質的になり得るようにより多くてよい。 According to embodiments, the process of forming shaped abrasive particles may further comprise a sintering process. In certain processes of the embodiments herein, sintering may be performed after collecting the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 from the belt 109. Alternatively, sintering may be a process that takes place while the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 are on the belt 109. Sintering of the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 may be utilized to densify particles that are generally in the green state. In certain instances, the sintering process can facilitate the formation of a high temperature phase of the ceramic material. For example, in one embodiment, the precursor shaped abrasive particles 123 may be sintered to form a high temperature phase of alumina, eg, α-alumina. In one example, the shaped abrasive particles can comprise at least about 90% by weight of α-alumina based on the total weight of the particles. In other cases, the α-alumina content may be higher so that the shaped abrasive particles can consist essentially of α-alumina.
加えて、最終的に形成される成形研磨粒子の本体は、特定の二次元形状を有することができる。例えば、本体は、本体の長さおよび幅によって定義される平面で見たとき、二次元形状を有することができ、多角形、楕円体、数字、ギリシャアルファベット文字、ラテンアルファベット文字、ロシアアルファベット文字、多角形の組み合わせを含む複雑な形状、およびこれらの組み合わせを含めた形状を有することができる。特定の多角形として、三角形、矩形、台形、五角形、六角形、七角形、八角形、九角形、十角形、およびこれらの任意の組み合わせが挙げられる。別の実施形態において、本体は、本体の長さおよび幅によって定義される平面で見たとき、楕円体、ギリシャアルファベット文字、ラテンアルファベット文字、ロシアアルファベット文字、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される形状を含めた二次元形状を含むことができる。 In addition, the finally formed body of shaped abrasive particles can have a particular two-dimensional shape. For example, the body can have a two-dimensional shape when viewed in a plane defined by the length and width of the body, polygons, ellipsoids, numbers, Greek alphabet letters, Latin alphabet letters, Russian alphabet letters, It can have complex shapes including combinations of polygons, and shapes including combinations of these. Specific polygons include triangles, rectangles, trapezoids, pentagons, hexagons, heptagons, octagons, octagons, decagons, and any combination thereof. In another embodiment, the body is selected from the group consisting of an ellipsoid, Greek alphabet letters, Latin alphabet letters, Russian alphabet letters, and combinations thereof when viewed in a plane defined by the length and width of the body. Two-dimensional shapes including shapes that can be included.
図３Ａは、実施形態による成形研磨粒子３００の斜視図を含む。加えて、図３Ｂは、図３Ａの研磨粒子の断面図を含む。成形研磨粒子３００の本体３０１は、上主面３０３（すなわち、第１主面）、および上主面３０３に対向する底主面３０４（すなわち、第２主面）を含む。上面３０３および底面３０４は、側面３０５、３０６、および３０７によって互いから分離され得る。示すように、成形研磨粒子３００の本体３０１は、上面３０３の平面で見たとき略三角形状を有することができる。特に、本体３０１は、コーナー３１３から本体３０１の中点３８１を通り本体の対向するエッジ３１４における中点まで延在するとして本体３０１の底面３０４において測定されてよい、図３Ｂに示されている長さ（Ｌ中間）を有することができる。代替的には、本体３０１は、第１コーナー３１３から隣接するコーナー３１２までの、上面３０３における側方から見た本体３０１の寸法の尺度である第２長さまたはプロファイル長さ（Ｌｐ）によって定義され得る。とりわけ、Ｌ中間の寸法は、コーナーにおける高さ（ｈｃ）と、該コーナーと対向する中点エッジにおける高さ（ｈｍ）との間の距離を定義する長さであり得る。寸法Ｌｐは、ｈ１およびｈ２間の距離を定義する、（例えば図２Ａおよび２Ｂに示される側面図から分かるように）粒子３００の側方に沿ったプロファイル長さであり得る。本明細書における長さへの言及は、Ｌ中間またはＬｐのいずれを称してもよい。 FIG. 3A includes a perspective view of shaped abrasive particles 300 according to an embodiment. In addition, FIG. 3B includes a cross-sectional view of the abrasive particles of FIG. 3A. The main body 301 of the shaped abrasive particle 300 includes an upper main surface 303 (that is, a first main surface) and a bottom main surface 304 (that is, a second main surface) that faces the upper main surface 303. Top surface 303 and bottom surface 304 can be separated from each other by side surfaces 305, 306, and 307. As shown, the body 301 of the shaped abrasive particle 300 can have a generally triangular shape when viewed in the plane of the top surface 303. In particular, the length shown in FIG. 3B may be measured at the bottom surface 304 of the body 301 as the body 301 extends from the corner 313 through the midpoint 381 of the body 301 to the midpoint at the opposite edge 314 of the body. (L middle). Alternatively, the body 301 is defined by a second length or profile length (Lp) that is a measure of the size of the body 301 as viewed from the side on the top surface 303 from the first corner 313 to the adjacent corner 312. Can be done. In particular, the L-intermediate dimension can be a length that defines the distance between the height at the corner (hc) and the height at the midpoint edge opposite the corner (hm). The dimension Lp may be the profile length along the side of the particle 300 (eg, as can be seen from the side views shown in FIGS. 2A and 2B) that defines the distance between h1 and h2. Reference to length in this specification may refer to either L-intermediate or Lp.
本体３０１は、本体３０１の最長寸法であり側方に沿って延在している幅（ｗ）をさらに含むことができる。本体３０１は、本体３０１の側面によって定義される長さおよび幅に垂直な方向に延在する本体３０１の寸法であってよい高さ（ｈ）をさらに含むことができる。とりわけ、本明細書においてより詳細に記載されているように、本体３０１は、本体３０１での箇所に応じて種々の高さによって定義され得る。具体的な例において、幅は、長さ以上であってよく、長さは、高さ以上であってよく、幅は、高さ以上であってよい。 The main body 301 may further include a width (w) that is the longest dimension of the main body 301 and extends along the side. The body 301 can further include a height (h) that can be a dimension of the body 301 extending in a direction perpendicular to the length and width defined by the sides of the body 301. In particular, as described in more detail herein, the body 301 can be defined by various heights depending on where in the body 301. In a specific example, the width may be greater than or equal to the length, the length may be greater than or equal to the height, and the width may be greater than or equal to the height.
また、寸法特性（例えば、ｈ１、ｈ２、ｈｉ、ｗ、Ｌ中間、Ｌｐなど）を含めた、本明細書における実施形態の任意の特徴への言及は、バッチからの成形研磨粒子の好適なサンプリングの分析から誘導される、バッチの単一の成形研磨粒子の寸法、メジアン値、または平均値への言及であってよい。明確に記述されていない限り、本明細書における寸法特性への言及は、粒子バッチからの好適な数の粒子のサンプルサイズから誘導された統計的に有意な値に基づくメジアン値への言及であるとすることができる。とりわけ、本明細書におけるある特定の実施形態では、サンプルサイズは、粒子バッチからの少なくとも１０個のランダムに選択された粒子を含むことができる。粒子バッチは、市販グレードの研磨製品を形成するのに好適な量、例えば、少なくとも約２０ｌｂｓの成形研磨粒子を含んでいてよい。粒子バッチは、必ずしもそうである必要はないが、単一のプロセス運転から収集される粒子の群であってよい。 Also, references to any feature of the embodiments herein, including dimensional characteristics (eg, h1, h2, hi, w, L intermediate, Lp, etc.) are suitable sampling of shaped abrasive particles from a batch. May be a reference to the size, median value, or average value of a single shaped abrasive particle in a batch, derived from the analysis of Unless explicitly stated, references herein to dimensional characteristics are references to median values based on statistically significant values derived from the sample size of a suitable number of particles from a particle batch. It can be. In particular, in certain embodiments herein, the sample size can include at least 10 randomly selected particles from a particle batch. The particle batch may comprise an amount suitable to form a commercial grade abrasive product, for example at least about 20 lbs of shaped abrasive particles. A particle batch need not necessarily be, but may be a group of particles collected from a single process run.
実施形態によると、成形研磨粒子の本体３０１は、コーナー３１３によって定義される本体の第１領域で第１コーナー高さ（ｈｃ）を有することができる。とりわけ、コーナー３１３は、本体３０１における最大高さの点を表すことができるが、コーナー３１３における高さは、必ずしも、本体３０１における最大高さの点を表していなくてもよい。コーナー３１３は、上面３０３、ならびに２つの側面３０５および３０７の接合によって定義される本体３０１上の点または領域として定義され得る。本体３０１は、例えば、コーナー３１１およびコーナー３１２を含めた互いに離間した他のコーナーをさらに含んでいてよい。さらに示すように、本体３０１は、コーナー３１１、３１２および３１３によって互いから分離され得るエッジ３１４、３１５、および３１６を含むことができる。エッジ３１４は、上面３０３と側面３０６との交差によって定義され得る。エッジ３１５は、コーナー３１１および３１３間で上面３０３と側面３０５との交差によって定義され得る。エッジ３１６は、コーナー３１２および３１３間で上面３０３と側面３０７との交差によって定義され得る。 According to an embodiment, the shaped abrasive particle body 301 may have a first corner height (hc) in a first region of the body defined by the corner 313. In particular, the corner 313 can represent the maximum height point in the main body 301, but the height in the corner 313 does not necessarily represent the maximum height point in the main body 301. A corner 313 may be defined as a point or region on the body 301 that is defined by the top surface 303 and the joining of the two side surfaces 305 and 307. The main body 301 may further include other corners that are separated from each other, including the corner 311 and the corner 312, for example. As further shown, the body 301 can include edges 314, 315, and 316 that can be separated from each other by corners 311, 312, and 313. Edge 314 may be defined by the intersection of top surface 303 and side surface 306. Edge 315 may be defined by the intersection of top surface 303 and side surface 305 between corners 311 and 313. Edge 316 may be defined by the intersection of top surface 303 and side surface 307 between corners 312 and 313.
さらに示すように、本体３０１は、コーナー３１３によって定義され得る第１端と対向し得るエッジ３１４の中点における領域によって定義され得る、本体３０１の第２端における第２中点高さ（ｈｍ）を含むことができる。軸３５０は、本体３０１の２つの端の間に延在し得る。図３Ｂは、コーナー３１３とエッジ３１４の中点との間の長さ（Ｌ中間）の寸法に沿って本体３０１の中点３８１を介して延在し得る軸３５０に沿った本体３０１の断面図である。 As further shown, the body 301 may be defined by a region at the midpoint of the edge 314 that may be opposed to a first end that may be defined by a corner 313, a second midpoint height (hm) at the second end of the body 301. Can be included. The shaft 350 can extend between the two ends of the body 301. 3B is a cross-sectional view of body 301 along axis 350 that may extend through midpoint 381 of body 301 along the length (L-intermediate) dimension between corner 313 and midpoint of edge 314. FIG. It is.
実施形態によると、例えば図３Ａおよび３Ｂの粒子を含めた、本明細書における実施形態の成形研磨粒子は、ｈｃおよびｈｍ間の差の尺度である平均高さ差を有することができる。本明細書における慣例で、平均高さ差は、ｈｃ−ｈｍとして概して同定されるが、該差の絶対値としても定義される。それゆえ、平均高さ差は、エッジ３１４の中点における本体３０１の高さがコーナー３１３における高さを超えるとき、ｈｍ−ｈｃとして算出されてよいことが認識される。より詳細には、平均高さ差は、好適なサンプルサイズからの複数の成形研磨粒子に基づいて算出され得る。粒子の高さｈｃおよびｈｍは、ＳＴＩＬ（Ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ ｅｔ Ｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｓ Ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉｅｌｌｅｓ ｄｅ ｌａ Ｌｕｍｉｅｒｅ−Ｆｒａｎｃｅ）Ｍｉｃｒｏ Ｍｅａｓｕｒｅ ３Ｄ Ｓｕｒｆａｃｅ Ｐｒｏｆｉｌｏｍｅｔｅｒ（白色光（ＬＥＤ）色収差法）を使用して測定され得、平均高さ差は、サンプルからのｈｃおよびｈｍの平均値に基づいて算出され得る。 According to embodiments, the shaped abrasive particles of the embodiments herein, including, for example, the particles of FIGS. 3A and 3B, can have an average height difference that is a measure of the difference between hc and hm. By convention in this specification, the average height difference is generally identified as hc-hm, but is also defined as the absolute value of the difference. Therefore, it will be appreciated that the average height difference may be calculated as hm−hc when the height of the body 301 at the midpoint of the edge 314 exceeds the height at the corner 313. More specifically, the average height difference can be calculated based on a plurality of shaped abrasive particles from a suitable sample size. Particle heights hc and hm were measured using STIL (Sciences and Techniques Industries de la Lumiere-France) Micro Measurement 3D Surface Profilometer (white light (LED) chromatic aberration method). Can be calculated based on the average value of hc and hm.
図３Ｂに示すように、１つの特定の実施形態において、成形研磨粒子３００の本体３０１は、本体３０１における種々の箇所での平均高さ差を有していてよい。本体３０１は、少なくとも約２０μｍである、第１コーナー高さ（ｈｃ）と第２中点高さ（ｈｍ）との間の絶対値［ｈｃ−ｈｍ］であり得る平均高さ差を有することができる。平均高さ差は、エッジの中点における本体３０１の高さが対向するコーナーにおける高さを超えるとき、ｈｍ−ｈｃとして算出されてよいことが認識される。他の場合において、平均高さ差［ｈｃ−ｈｍ］は、少なくとも約２５μｍ、少なくとも約３０μｍ、少なくとも約３６μｍ、少なくとも約４０μｍ、少なくとも約６０μｍ、例えば、少なくとも約６５μｍ、少なくとも約７０μｍ、少なくとも約７５μｍ、少なくとも約８０μｍ、少なくとも約９０μｍ、またはさらには少なくとも約１００μｍであってよい。１つの非限定的な実施形態において、平均高さ差は、約３００μｍ以下、例えば、約２５０μｍ以下、約２２０μｍ以下、またはさらには約１８０μｍ以下であってよい。平均高さ差は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。また、平均高さ差は、ｈｃの平均値に基づいていてよいことが認識される。例えば、コーナー（Ａｈｃ）における本体３０１の平均高さは、全てのコーナーにおける本体３０１の高さを測定し、該値を平均することによって算出され得、１つのコーナー（ｈｃ）における単一の高さ値と異なっていてよい。したがって、平均高さ差は、式［Ａｈｃ−ｈｉ］の絶対値によって付与されてよい。さらに、平均高さ差は、成形研磨粒子バッチからの好適なサンプルサイズから算出されたメジアン内部高さ（Ｍｈｉ）と、サンプルサイズにおける全粒子のコーナーにおける平均高さとを使用して算出され得ることが認識される。したがって、平均高さ差は、式［Ａｈｃ−Ｍｈｉ］の絶対値によって付与されてよい。 As shown in FIG. 3B, in one particular embodiment, the body 301 of the shaped abrasive particle 300 may have an average height difference at various locations in the body 301. The body 301 has an average height difference that can be an absolute value [hc−hm] between the first corner height (hc) and the second midpoint height (hm), which is at least about 20 μm. it can. It will be appreciated that the average height difference may be calculated as hm−hc when the height of the body 301 at the midpoint of the edge exceeds the height at the opposite corner. In other cases, the average height difference [hc−hm] is at least about 25 μm, at least about 30 μm, at least about 36 μm, at least about 40 μm, at least about 60 μm, such as at least about 65 μm, at least about 70 μm, at least about 75 μm, It may be at least about 80 μm, at least about 90 μm, or even at least about 100 μm. In one non-limiting embodiment, the average height difference may be about 300 μm or less, such as about 250 μm or less, about 220 μm or less, or even about 180 μm or less. It will be appreciated that the average height difference may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above. It will also be appreciated that the average height difference may be based on the average value of hc. For example, the average height of the body 301 at a corner (Ahc) can be calculated by measuring the height of the body 301 at all corners and averaging the values, a single height at one corner (hc). It may be different from the value. Therefore, the average height difference may be given by the absolute value of the formula [Ahc-hi]. Further, the average height difference can be calculated using the median internal height (Mhi) calculated from the preferred sample size from the shaped abrasive particle batch and the average height at the corner of all particles at the sample size. Is recognized. Therefore, the average height difference may be given by the absolute value of the formula [Ahc−Mhi].
特定の例において、本体３０１は、幅：長さとして表される比であり少なくとも１：１の値を有する一次アスペクト比を有するように形成され得る。他の場合において、本体３０１は、一次アスペクト比（ｗ：ｌ）が少なくとも約１．５：１、例えば、少なくとも約２：１、少なくとも約４：１、またはさらには少なくとも約５：１であるように形成され得る。さらに、他の場合において、研磨粒子３００は、本体３０１が約１０：１以下、例えば、９：１以下、約８：１以下、またはさらには約５：１以下である一次アスペクト比を有するように形成され得る。本体３０１は、上記に記述した比のいずれかの間の範囲内の一次アスペクト比を有することができることが認識される。さらに、本明細書における高さへの言及は、研磨粒子３００の測定可能な最大高さへの言及であり得ることが認識される。研磨粒子３００は、研磨粒子３００の本体３０１内の種々の位置で種々の高さを有していてよいことが後述されている。 In a particular example, the body 301 can be formed to have a primary aspect ratio with a ratio expressed as width: length and having a value of at least 1: 1. In other cases, the body 301 has a primary aspect ratio (w: l) of at least about 1.5: 1, such as at least about 2: 1, at least about 4: 1, or even at least about 5: 1. Can be formed as follows. Further, in other cases, the abrasive particles 300 are such that the body 301 has a primary aspect ratio that is about 10: 1 or less, such as 9: 1 or less, about 8: 1 or less, or even about 5: 1 or less. Can be formed. It will be appreciated that the body 301 can have a primary aspect ratio within a range between any of the ratios described above. Further, it will be appreciated that reference to height herein may be a reference to the maximum measurable height of abrasive particles 300. It will be described later that the abrasive particles 300 may have various heights at various positions within the body 301 of the abrasive particles 300.
一次アスペクト比に加えて、研磨粒子３００は、本体３０１が、高さがメジアン内部高さ（Ｍｈｉ）である長さ：高さの比として定義され得る二次アスペクト比を含むように形成され得る。ある特定の場合において、二次アスペクト比は、少なくとも約１：１、例えば、少なくとも約２：１、少なくとも約４：１、またはさらには少なくとも約５：１であってよい。さらに、他の場合において、研磨粒子３００は、本体３０１が、約１：３以下、例えば、１：２以下、またはさらには約１：１以下である二次アスペクト比を有するように形成され得る。本体３０１は、上記に記述した比のいずれかの間の範囲内、例えば、約５：１と約１：１との間の範囲内の二次アスペクト比を有することができることが認識される。 In addition to the primary aspect ratio, the abrasive particles 300 can be formed such that the body 301 includes a secondary aspect ratio that can be defined as a length: height ratio where the height is the median internal height (Mhi). . In certain cases, the secondary aspect ratio may be at least about 1: 1, such as at least about 2: 1, at least about 4: 1, or even at least about 5: 1. Further, in other cases, the abrasive particles 300 may be formed such that the body 301 has a secondary aspect ratio that is about 1: 3 or less, such as 1: 2 or less, or even about 1: 1 or less. . It will be appreciated that the body 301 can have a secondary aspect ratio within a range between any of the ratios described above, for example, within a range between about 5: 1 and about 1: 1.
別の実施形態によると、研磨粒子３００は、本体３０１が、高さがメジアン内部高さ（Ｍｈｉ）である幅：高さ比によって定義される三次アスペクト比を含むように形成され得る。本体３０１の三次アスペクト比は、少なくとも約１：１、例えば、少なくとも約２：１、少なくとも約４：１、少なくとも約５：１、またはさらには少なくとも約６：１であってよい。さらに、他の場合において、研磨粒子３００は、本体３０１が、約３：１以下、例えば、２：１以下、またはさらには約１：１以下である三次アスペクト比を有するように形成され得る。本体３０１は、上記に記述した比のいずれかの間の範囲内、例えば、約６：１と約１：１との間の範囲内の三次アスペクト比を有することができることが認識される。 According to another embodiment, the abrasive particles 300 may be formed such that the body 301 includes a tertiary aspect ratio defined by a width: height ratio where the height is the median internal height (Mhi). The tertiary aspect ratio of the body 301 may be at least about 1: 1, such as at least about 2: 1, at least about 4: 1, at least about 5: 1, or even at least about 6: 1. Further, in other cases, the abrasive particles 300 may be formed such that the body 301 has a tertiary aspect ratio that is about 3: 1 or less, such as 2: 1 or less, or even about 1: 1 or less. It will be appreciated that the body 301 can have a third aspect ratio within a range between any of the ratios described above, eg, between about 6: 1 and about 1: 1.
一実施形態によると、成形研磨粒子３００の本体３０１は、性能の改良を容易にすることができる特定の寸法を有することができる。例えば、一例において、本体３０１は、本体３０１における任意のコーナーと対向する中点エッジとの間の寸法に沿って測定される、本体３０１の高さの最小寸法であり得る内部高さ（ｈｉ）を有することができる。本体３０１が略三角形の二次元形状である特定の例において、内部高さ（ｈｉ）は、３つのコーナーおよび対向する中点のそれぞれの間で取られた３つの測定に関する本体３０１の高さの最小寸法（すなわち、底面３０４と上面３０５との間の尺度）であってよい。成形研磨粒子３００の本体３０１の内部高さ（ｈｉ）を図３Ｂに示す。一実施形態によると、内部高さ（ｈｉ）は、幅（ｗ）の少なくとも約２０％であり得る。高さ（ｈｉ）は、成形研磨粒子３００を分割または取り付けおよび粉砕し、本体３０１の内部内の最小高さ（ｈｉ）を求めるのに十分な方法（例えば、光学顕微鏡またはＳＥＭ）で観察することによって測定されてよい。１つの特定の実施形態において、高さ（ｈｉ）は、幅の少なくとも約２２％、例えば、本体３０１の幅の少なくとも約２５％、少なくとも約３０％、またはさらには少なくとも約３３％であってよい。１つの非限定的な実施形態では、本体３０１の高さ（ｈｉ）が、本体３０１の幅の約８０％以下、例えば、幅の約７６％以下、約７３％以下、約７０％以下、約６８％以下、約５６％以下、約４８％以下、またはさらには約４０％以下であってよい。本体３０１の高さ（ｈｉ）は、上記に記述した最小および最大百分率のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。 According to one embodiment, the body 301 of the shaped abrasive particle 300 can have specific dimensions that can facilitate improved performance. For example, in one example, the body 301 has an internal height (hi) that can be the minimum dimension of the height of the body 301 measured along the dimension between any corner in the body 301 and the opposite midpoint edge. Can have. In the particular example where the body 301 is a generally triangular two-dimensional shape, the internal height (hi) is the height of the body 301 for three measurements taken between each of the three corners and the opposing midpoints. It may be the smallest dimension (ie, a measure between the bottom surface 304 and the top surface 305). The internal height (hi) of the main body 301 of the shaped abrasive particle 300 is shown in FIG. 3B. According to one embodiment, the internal height (hi) can be at least about 20% of the width (w). The height (hi) is observed by a method (for example, an optical microscope or SEM) sufficient to divide or attach and pulverize the shaped abrasive particles 300 and determine the minimum height (hi) inside the body 301. May be measured by In one particular embodiment, the height (hi) may be at least about 22% of the width, such as at least about 25%, at least about 30%, or even at least about 33% of the width of the body 301. . In one non-limiting embodiment, the height (hi) of the body 301 is about 80% or less of the width of the body 301, for example, about 76% or less, about 73% or less, about 70% or less, about 70%, It may be 68% or less, about 56% or less, about 48% or less, or even about 40% or less. It will be appreciated that the height (hi) of the body 301 may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages described above.
性能の改良を容易にすることができるメジアン内部高さ値（Ｍｈｉ）が制御され得る成形研磨粒子バッチが製造され得る。特に、バッチのメジアン内部高さ（ｈｉ）は、上記と同様にバッチの成形研磨粒子のメジアン幅と関係し得る。とりわけ、メジアン内部高さ（Ｍｈｉ）は、幅の少なくとも約２０％、例えば、バッチの成形研磨粒子のメジアン幅の少なくとも約２２％、少なくとも約２５％、少なくとも約３０％、またはさらには少なくとも約３３％であってよい。１つの非限定的な実施形態では、本体３０１のメジアン内部高さ（Ｍｈｉ）が、約８０％以下、例えば、本体３０１のメジアン幅の約７６％以下、約７３％以下、約７０％以下、約６８％以下、約５６％以下、約４８％以下、またはさらには約４０％以下であってよい。本体３０１のメジアン内部高さ（Ｍｈｉ）は、上記に記述した最小および最大百分率のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。 Shaped abrasive particle batches can be produced in which the median internal height value (Mhi) can be controlled, which can facilitate performance improvements. In particular, the median internal height (hi) of the batch can be related to the median width of the shaped abrasive particles of the batch as described above. In particular, the median internal height (Mhi) is at least about 20% of the width, for example, at least about 22%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, or even at least about 33 of the median width of the batch shaped abrasive particles. %. In one non-limiting embodiment, the median internal height (Mhi) of the body 301 is about 80% or less, such as about 76% or less, about 73% or less, about 70% or less of the median width of the body 301, It may be about 68% or less, about 56% or less, about 48% or less, or even about 40% or less. It will be appreciated that the median internal height (Mhi) of the body 301 may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages described above.
さらに、成形研磨粒子バッチは、好適なサンプルサイズからの寸法特性の標準偏差によって測定される寸法均一性の改良を示すことができる。一実施形態によると、成形研磨粒子は、バッチからの粒子の好適なサンプルサイズについての内部高さ（ｈｉ）の標準偏差として算出され得る内部高さ変動（Ｖｈｉ）を有することができる。一実施形態によると、内部高さ変動は、約６０μｍ以下、例えば、約５８μｍ以下、約５６μｍ以下、またはさらには約５４μｍ以下であってよい。１つの非限定的な実施形態において、内部高さ変動（Ｖｈｉ）は、少なくとも約２μｍであってよい。本体の内部高さ変動は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。 Further, the shaped abrasive particle batch can exhibit improved dimensional uniformity as measured by the standard deviation of dimensional characteristics from a suitable sample size. According to one embodiment, the shaped abrasive particles can have an internal height variation (Vhi) that can be calculated as a standard deviation of the internal height (hi) for a suitable sample size of particles from the batch. According to one embodiment, the internal height variation may be about 60 μm or less, such as about 58 μm or less, about 56 μm or less, or even about 54 μm or less. In one non-limiting embodiment, the internal height variation (Vhi) can be at least about 2 μm. It will be appreciated that the internal height variation of the body may be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above.
別の実施形態では、成形研磨粒子３００の本体３０１は、少なくとも約４００μｍの内部高さ（ｈｉ）を有することができる。より詳細には、高さは、少なくとも約４５０μｍ、例えば、少なくとも約４７５μｍ、またはさらには少なくとも約５００μｍであってよい。さらなる１つの非限定的な実施形態において、本体３０１の高さは、約３ｍｍ以下、例えば、約２ｍｍ以下、約１．５ｍｍ以下、約１ｍｍ以下、またはさらには約８００μｍ以下であってよい。本体３０１の高さは、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。また、上記範囲の値は、成形研磨粒子バッチに関するメジアン内部高さ（Ｍｈｉ）の値を代表し得ることが認識される。 In another embodiment, the body 301 of the shaped abrasive particle 300 can have an internal height (hi) of at least about 400 μm. More particularly, the height may be at least about 450 μm, such as at least about 475 μm, or even at least about 500 μm. In a further non-limiting embodiment, the height of the body 301 can be about 3 mm or less, such as about 2 mm or less, about 1.5 mm or less, about 1 mm or less, or even about 800 μm or less. It will be appreciated that the height of the body 301 may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above. It will also be appreciated that values in the above ranges may represent median internal height (Mhi) values for shaped abrasive particle batches.
本明細書におけるある特定の実施形態では、成形研磨粒子３００の本体３０１が、例えば、幅≧長さ、長さ≧高さ、および幅≧高さを含む特定の寸法を有することができる。より詳細には、成形研磨粒子３００の本体３０１は、少なくとも約６００μｍ、例えば、少なくとも約７００μｍ、少なくとも約８００μｍ、またはさらには少なくとも約９００μｍの幅（ｗ）を有することができる。１つの非限定的な例において、本体３０１は、約４ｍｍ以下、例えば、約３ｍｍ以下、約２．５ｍｍ以下、またはさらには約２ｍｍ以下の幅を有することができる。本体３０１の幅は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。また、上記範囲の値は、成形研磨粒子バッチに関するメジアン幅（Ｍｗ）を代表し得ることが認識される。 In certain embodiments herein, the body 301 of the shaped abrasive particle 300 can have specific dimensions including, for example, width ≧ length, length ≧ height, and width ≧ height. More particularly, the body 301 of the shaped abrasive particle 300 can have a width (w) of at least about 600 μm, such as at least about 700 μm, at least about 800 μm, or even at least about 900 μm. In one non-limiting example, the body 301 can have a width of about 4 mm or less, such as about 3 mm or less, about 2.5 mm or less, or even about 2 mm or less. It will be appreciated that the width of the body 301 may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above. It will also be appreciated that values in the above range may represent the median width (Mw) for a shaped abrasive particle batch.
成形研磨粒子３００の本体３０１は、例えば、少なくとも約０．４ｍｍ、例えば、少なくとも約０．６ｍｍ、少なくとも約０．８ｍｍ、またはさらには少なくとも約０．９ｍｍの長さ（Ｌ中間またはＬｐ）を含む特定の寸法を有することができる。さらに、少なくとも１つの非限定的な実施形態では、本体３０１が、約４ｍｍ以下、例えば、約３ｍｍ以下、約２．５ｍｍ以下、またはさらには約２ｍｍ以下の長さを有することができる。本体３０１の長さは、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。また、上記範囲の値は、より詳細には、成形研磨粒子バッチに関するメジアン中間長さ（ＭＬ中間）またはメジアンプロファイル長さ（ＭＬｐ）であってよいメジアン長さ（Ｍｌ）を代表し得ることが認識される。 The body 301 of the shaped abrasive particle 300 includes a length (L intermediate or Lp) of, for example, at least about 0.4 mm, such as at least about 0.6 mm, at least about 0.8 mm, or even at least about 0.9 mm. Can have specific dimensions. Further, in at least one non-limiting embodiment, the body 301 can have a length of about 4 mm or less, such as about 3 mm or less, about 2.5 mm or less, or even about 2 mm or less. It will be appreciated that the length of the body 301 may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above. Also, the values in the above range may represent, more specifically, the median length (Ml), which may be the median intermediate length (ML intermediate) or the median profile length (MLp) for the shaped abrasive particle batch. Be recognized.
成形研磨粒子３００は、特定の凹み量を有する本体３０１を有することができ、凹み値（ｄ）は、内部における本体３０１の高さの最小寸法（ｈｉ）と比較した、コーナーにおける本体３０１の平均高さ（Ａｈｃ）との間の比として定義され得る。コーナーにおける本体３０１の平均高さ（Ａｈｃ）は、全てのコーナーにおける本体３０１の高さを測定し、その値を平均することによって算出され得、１つのコーナーにおける単一の高さ値（ｈｃ）と異なっていてよい。コーナーまたは内部における本体３０１の平均高さは、ＳＴＩＬ（Ｓｃｉｅｎｃｅｓ ｅｔ ｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｓ Ｉｎｄｕｓｔｒｉｅｌｌｅｓ ｄｅ ｌａ Ｌｕｍｉｅｒｅ−Ｆｒａｎｃｅ）Ｍｉｃｒｏ Ｍｅａｓｕｒｅ ３Ｄ Ｓｕｒｆａｃｅ Ｐｒｏｆｉｌｏｍｅｔｅｒ（白色光（ＬＥＤ）色収差法）を使用して測定され得る。代替的には、凹みは、バッチからの粒子の好適なサンプリングから算出される、コーナーにおける粒子のメジアン高さ（Ｍｈｃ）に基づいていてよい。同様に、内部高さ（ｈｉ）は、バッチからの成形研磨粒子の好適なサンプリングから誘導されるメジアン内部高さ（Ｍｈｉ）であってよい。一実施形態によると、凹み値（ｄ）は、約２以下、例えば、約１．９以下、約１．８以下、約１．７以下、約１．６以下、約１．５以下、またはさらには約１．２以下であってよい。さらに、少なくとも１つの非限定的な実施形態において、凹み値（ｄ）は、少なくとも約０．９、例えば、少なくとも約１．０であってよい。凹み比は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。また、上記凹み値は、成形研磨粒子バッチに関するメジアン凹み値（Ｍｄ）を代表し得ることが認識される。 The shaped abrasive particle 300 can have a body 301 with a specific amount of dent, the dent value (d) being the average of the body 301 at the corner compared to the minimum dimension (hi) of the height of the body 301 inside. It can be defined as the ratio between height (Ahc). The average height (Ahc) of the body 301 at a corner can be calculated by measuring the height of the body 301 at all corners and averaging the values, a single height value (hc) at one corner. And may be different. The average height of the body 301 at the corner or inside may be measured using STIL (Sciences et techniques Industrieles de la Lumiere-France) Micro Measurement 3D Surface Profilometer (White Light (LED) chromatic aberration method). Alternatively, the indentation may be based on the median height (Mhc) of the particles at the corners calculated from a suitable sampling of particles from the batch. Similarly, the internal height (hi) may be the median internal height (Mhi) derived from a suitable sampling of shaped abrasive particles from the batch. According to one embodiment, the indentation value (d) is about 2 or less, such as about 1.9 or less, about 1.8 or less, about 1.7 or less, about 1.6 or less, about 1.5 or less, or Furthermore, it may be about 1.2 or less. Further, in at least one non-limiting embodiment, the indentation value (d) may be at least about 0.9, such as at least about 1.0. It will be appreciated that the dent ratio may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above. It will also be appreciated that the dent value may be representative of the median dent value (Md) for the shaped abrasive particle batch.
例えば、図３Ａの粒子の本体３０１を含めた、本明細書における実施形態の成形研磨粒子は、底面積（Ａｂ）を定義する底面３０４を有することができる。特定の例において、底面３０４は、本体３０１の最大表面であってよい。底主面３０４は、上主面３０３の表面積と異なる底面積（Ａｂ）として定義される表面積を有することができる。１つの特定の実施形態において、底主面３０４は、上主面３０３の表面積と異なる底面積（Ａｂ）として定義される表面積を有することができる。別の実施形態において、底主面３０４は、上主面３０３の表面積より小さい底面積（Ａｂ）として定義される表面積を有することができる。 For example, the shaped abrasive particles of the embodiments herein, including the particle body 301 of FIG. 3A, can have a bottom surface 304 that defines a bottom area (A b ). In certain examples, the bottom surface 304 may be the largest surface of the body 301. The bottom major surface 304 can have a surface area defined as a bottom area (A b ) that is different from the surface area of the top major surface 303. In one particular embodiment, the bottom major surface 304 can have a surface area defined as a bottom area (A b ) that is different from the surface area of the top major surface 303. In another embodiment, the bottom major surface 304 can have a surface area defined as a bottom area (A b ) that is less than the surface area of the top major surface 303.
加えて、本体３０１は、底面積（Ａｂ）に垂直な平面の面積を定義しかつ粒子３００の中点３８１を通って延在する断面中点面積（Ａｍ）を有することができる。ある特定の場合において、本体３０１は、約６以下の、底面積対中点面積の面積比（Ａｂ／Ａｍ）を有することができる。より詳細な例において、面積比は、約５．５以下、例えば、約５以下、約４．５以下、約４以下、約３．５以下、またはさらには約３以下であってよい。さらに、１つの非限定的な実施形態において、面積比は、少なくとも約１．１、例えば、少なくとも約１．３、またはさらには少なくとも約１．８であってよい。面積比は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。また、上記面積比は、成形研磨粒子バッチに関するメジアン面積比を代表し得ることが認識される。 In addition, the body 301 can define a planar area perpendicular to the bottom area (A b ) and have a cross-sectional midpoint area (A m ) that extends through the midpoint 381 of the particle 300. In certain cases, the body 301 can have a bottom area to midpoint area ratio (A b / A m ) of about 6 or less. In more detailed examples, the area ratio may be about 5.5 or less, such as about 5 or less, about 4.5 or less, about 4 or less, about 3.5 or less, or even about 3 or less. Further, in one non-limiting embodiment, the area ratio may be at least about 1.1, such as at least about 1.3, or even at least about 1.8. It will be appreciated that the area ratio may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above. It will also be appreciated that the area ratio may be representative of the median area ratio for the shaped abrasive particle batch.
さらに、例えば、図３Ｂの粒子を含む、本明細書における実施形態の成形研磨粒子は、約０．３以下の正規化された高さ差を有することができる。正規化された高さ差は、式［（ｈｃ−ｈｍ）／（ｈｉ）］の絶対値によって定義され得る。他の実施形態において、正規化された高さ差は、約０．２６以下、例えば、約０．２２以下、またはさらには約０．１９以下であってよい。さらに、１つの特定の実施形態において、正規化された高さ差は、少なくとも約０．０４、例えば、少なくとも約０．０５、またはさらには少なくとも約０．０６であってよい。正規化された高さ差は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。また、上記正規化された高さ値は、成形研磨粒子バッチに関する正規化されたメジアン高さ値を代表し得ることが認識される。 Further, for example, the shaped abrasive particles of the embodiments herein including the particles of FIG. 3B can have a normalized height difference of about 0.3 or less. The normalized height difference can be defined by the absolute value of the equation [(hc−hm) / (hi)]. In other embodiments, the normalized height difference may be about 0.26 or less, such as about 0.22 or less, or even about 0.19 or less. Further, in one particular embodiment, the normalized height difference may be at least about 0.04, such as at least about 0.05, or even at least about 0.06. It will be appreciated that the normalized height difference may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above. It will also be appreciated that the normalized height value may represent a normalized median height value for a shaped abrasive particle batch.
別の例において、本体３０１は、少なくとも約０．０４のプロファイル比を有することができ、プロファイル比は、［（ｈｃ−ｈｍ）／（Ｌ中間）］の絶対値として定義される、成形研磨粒子３００の長さ（Ｌ中間）に対する平均高さ差［ｈｃ−ｈｍ］の比として定義される。本体３０１の長さ（Ｌ中間）は、図３Ｂに示すように、本体３０１を横切る距離であり得ることが認識される。また、長さは、本明細書において定義されているように、成形研磨粒子バッチからの粒子の好適なサンプリングから算出される平均またはメジアン長さであってよい。特定の実施形態によると、プロファイル比は、少なくとも約０．０５、少なくとも約０．０６、少なくとも約０．０７、少なくとも約０．０８、またはさらには少なくとも約０．０９であってよい。さらに、１つの非限定的な実施形態において、プロファイル比は、約０．３以下、例えば、約０．２以下、約０．１８以下、約０．１６以下、またはさらには約０．１４以下であってよい。プロファイル比は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。また、上記プロファイル比は、成形研磨粒子バッチに関するメジアンプロファイル比を代表し得ることが認識される。 In another example, the body 301 can have a profile ratio of at least about 0.04, where the profile ratio is defined as the absolute value of [(hc−hm) / (L intermediate)]. Defined as the ratio of the average height difference [hc−hm] to a length of 300 (L middle). It will be appreciated that the length of the body 301 (L-intermediate) can be a distance across the body 301 as shown in FIG. 3B. The length may also be an average or median length calculated from a suitable sampling of particles from a shaped abrasive particle batch, as defined herein. According to certain embodiments, the profile ratio may be at least about 0.05, at least about 0.06, at least about 0.07, at least about 0.08, or even at least about 0.09. Further, in one non-limiting embodiment, the profile ratio is about 0.3 or less, such as about 0.2 or less, about 0.18 or less, about 0.16 or less, or even about 0.14 or less. It may be. It will be appreciated that the profile ratio may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above. It will also be appreciated that the profile ratio may be representative of the median profile ratio for a shaped abrasive particle batch.
別の実施形態によると、本体３０１は、本体３０１の底面３０４と側面３０５、３０６または３０７との間の角度として定義されてよい特定のすくい角を有することができる。例えば、すくい角は、約１°と約８０°との間の範囲内であってよい。本明細書における他の粒子では、すくい角が、約５°と５５°との間、例えば、約１０°と約５０°との間、約１５°と５０°との間、またはさらには約２０°と５０°との間の範囲内であってよい。かかるすくい角を有する研磨粒子の形成は、研磨粒子３００の研磨能力を改良することができる。とりわけ、すくい角は、上記に記述したすくい角のいずれか２つの間の範囲内であってよい。 According to another embodiment, the body 301 can have a specific rake angle that can be defined as the angle between the bottom surface 304 and the side surfaces 305, 306, or 307 of the body 301. For example, the rake angle may be in a range between about 1 ° and about 80 °. For other particles herein, the rake angle is between about 5 ° and 55 °, such as between about 10 ° and about 50 °, between about 15 ° and 50 °, or even about It may be in the range between 20 ° and 50 °. Formation of the abrasive particles having such a rake angle can improve the polishing ability of the abrasive particles 300. In particular, the rake angle may be within a range between any two of the rake angles described above.
別の実施形態によると、例えば、図３Ａおよび３Ｂの粒子を含めた、本明細書における成形研磨粒子は、本体３０１の上面３０３における楕円領域３１７を有することができる。楕円領域３１７は、上面３０３の周囲に延在し楕円領域３１７を定義することができるトレンチ領域３１８によって定義され得る。楕円領域３１７は、中点３８１を包含することができる。また、上面３０３において定義されている楕円領域３１７は、形成プロセスのアーチファクトであり得、本明細書に記載されている方法による成形研磨粒子の形成の間に混合物１０１にかけられる応力の結果として形成されてよいことが考えられる。 According to another embodiment, shaped abrasive particles herein, including, for example, the particles of FIGS. 3A and 3B, can have an elliptical region 317 in the upper surface 303 of the body 301. The elliptical region 317 can be defined by a trench region 318 that extends around the top surface 303 and can define the elliptical region 317. The elliptical region 317 can include a midpoint 381. Also, the elliptical region 317 defined in the upper surface 303 can be an artifact of the formation process and is formed as a result of stress applied to the mixture 101 during the formation of shaped abrasive particles by the methods described herein. It may be good.
成形研磨粒子３００は、本体３０１が結晶材料、より詳細には多結晶材料を含むように形成され得る。とりわけ、多結晶材料は、砥粒を含むことができる。１つの実施形態において、本体３０１は、例えばバインダを含めた有機材料を本質的に含まなくてよい。より詳細には、本体３０１は、多結晶材料から本質的になっていてよい。 The shaped abrasive particles 300 can be formed such that the body 301 includes a crystalline material, more specifically a polycrystalline material. In particular, the polycrystalline material can include abrasive grains. In one embodiment, the body 301 may be essentially free of organic materials including, for example, a binder. More particularly, the body 301 may consist essentially of polycrystalline material.
１つの態様において、成形研磨粒子３００の本体３０１は、研磨粒子３００の本体３０１を形成するように互いに接着された複数の研磨粒子、研磨グリット、および／または砥粒を含む凝集体であってよい。好適な砥粒は、窒化物、酸化物、炭化物、ホウ化物、酸窒化物、オキシボレート、ダイヤモンド、およびこれらの組み合わせを含むことができる。特定の例において、砥粒は、酸化物化合物または錯体、例えば、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化チタン、酸化イットリウム、酸化クロム、酸化ストロンチウム、酸化ケイ素、およびこれらの組み合わせを含むことができる。１つの特定の例において、研磨粒子３００は、本体３０１を形成する砥粒がアルミナを含み、より詳細にはアルミナから本質的になっていてよいように形成される。また、特定の例において、成形研磨粒子３００は、種添加ゾルゲルから形成され得る。 In one embodiment, the body 301 of shaped abrasive particles 300 may be an agglomerate comprising a plurality of abrasive particles, abrasive grit, and / or abrasive grains adhered together to form the body 301 of abrasive particles 300. . Suitable abrasive grains can include nitrides, oxides, carbides, borides, oxynitrides, oxyborate, diamond, and combinations thereof. In certain examples, the abrasive grains can include oxide compounds or complexes, such as aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, yttrium oxide, chromium oxide, strontium oxide, silicon oxide, and combinations thereof. In one particular example, the abrasive particles 300 are formed such that the abrasive grains forming the body 301 include alumina, and more particularly may consist essentially of alumina. Also, in certain examples, the shaped abrasive particles 300 can be formed from a seeded sol gel.
本体３０１内に含有される砥粒（すなわち、晶子）は、一般に約１００μｍ以下である平均顆粒サイズを有していてよい。他の実施形態において、平均顆粒サイズは、より小さく、例えば、約８０μｍ以下、約５０μｍ以下、約３０μｍ以下、約２０μｍ以下、約１０μｍ以下、またはさらには約１μｍ以下であってよい。さらに、本体３０１内に含有される砥粒の平均顆粒サイズは、少なくとも約０．０１μｍ、例えば、少なくとも約０．０５μｍ、例えば、少なくとも約０．０８μｍ、少なくとも約０．１μｍ、またはさらには少なくとも約０．５μｍであってよい。砥粒は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内の平均顆粒サイズを有することができることが認識される。 The abrasive grains (ie, crystallites) contained within the body 301 may have an average granule size that is generally about 100 μm or less. In other embodiments, the average granule size may be smaller, for example, about 80 μm or less, about 50 μm or less, about 30 μm or less, about 20 μm or less, about 10 μm or less, or even about 1 μm or less. Further, the average granule size of the abrasive grains contained within the body 301 is at least about 0.01 μm, such as at least about 0.05 μm, such as at least about 0.08 μm, at least about 0.1 μm, or even at least about It may be 0.5 μm. It will be appreciated that the abrasive grains can have an average granule size within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above.
ある特定の実施形態によると、研磨粒子３００は、本体３０１内に少なくとも２つの異なるタイプの顆粒を含む複合物品であってよい。異なるタイプの顆粒は、互いに対して異なる組成を有する顆粒であることが認識される。例えば、本体３０１は、少なくとも２つの異なるタイプの顆粒を含むように形成され得、２つの異なるタイプの顆粒は、窒化物、酸化物、炭化物、ホウ化物、酸窒化物、オキシボレート、ダイヤモンド、およびこれらの組み合わせであってよい。 According to certain embodiments, the abrasive particles 300 may be a composite article that includes at least two different types of granules within the body 301. It will be appreciated that the different types of granules are granules having different compositions relative to each other. For example, the body 301 can be formed to include at least two different types of granules, the two different types of granules being nitride, oxide, carbide, boride, oxynitride, oxyborate, diamond, and A combination of these may be used.
実施形態によると、研磨粒子３００は、本体３０１において測定可能な最大寸法によって測定される、少なくとも約１００μｍの平均粒径を有することができる。実際に、研磨粒子３００は、少なくとも約１５０μｍ、例えば、少なくとも約２００μｍ、少なくとも約３００μｍ、少なくとも約４００μｍ、少なくとも約５００μｍ、少なくとも約６００μｍ、少なくとも約７００μｍ、少なくとも約８００μｍ、またはさらには少なくとも約９００μｍの平均粒径を有することができる。さらに、研磨粒子３００は、約５ｍｍ以下、例えば、約３ｍｍ以下、約２ｍｍ以下、またはさらには約１．５ｍｍ以下である平均粒径を有することができる。研磨粒子３００は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内の平均粒径を有することができることが認識される。 According to embodiments, the abrasive particles 300 can have an average particle size of at least about 100 μm as measured by the largest dimension that can be measured in the body 301. Indeed, the abrasive particles 300 may have an average of at least about 150 μm, such as at least about 200 μm, at least about 300 μm, at least about 400 μm, at least about 500 μm, at least about 600 μm, at least about 700 μm, at least about 800 μm, or even at least about 900 μm. It can have a particle size. Further, the abrasive particles 300 can have an average particle size that is about 5 mm or less, such as about 3 mm or less, about 2 mm or less, or even about 1.5 mm or less. It will be appreciated that the abrasive particles 300 can have an average particle size within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above.
本明細書における実施形態の成形研磨粒子は、性能の改良を容易にすることができるパーセントフラッシングを有することができる。とりわけ、フラッシングは、例えば図４に示す１つの側方に沿って見たときの粒子の面積を定義し、フラッシングは、ボックス４０２および４０３内で本体３０１の側面から延在している。フラッシングは、本体３０１の上面３０３および底面３０４に近いテーパー状の領域を表すことができる。フラッシングは、本体３０１の側面の最も内側の点（例えば、４２１）と本体３０１の側面の最も外側の点（例えば、４２２）との間に延在するボックス内に含有される側面に沿った本体３０１の面積の百分率として測定され得る。１つの特定の例において、本体３０１は、特定の含量のフラッシングを有することができ、フラッシングは、ボックス４０２、４０３、および４０４内に含有される本体３０１の合計面積と比較した、ボックス４０２および４０３内に含有される本体３０１の面積の百分率であってよい。一実施形態によると、本体３０１のパーセントフラッシング（ｆ）は、少なくとも約１％であってよい。別の実施形態において、パーセントフラッシングは、より大きく、例えば、少なくとも約２％、少なくとも約３％、少なくとも約５％、少なくとも約８％、少なくとも約１０％、少なくとも約１２％、例えば、少なくとも約１５％、少なくとも約１８％、またはさらには少なくとも約２０％であってよい。さらに、非限定的な実施形態において、本体３０１のパーセントフラッシングは、制御され得、約４５％以下、例えば、約４０％以下、約３５％以下、約３０％以下、約２５％以下、約２０％以下、約１８％以下、約１５％以下、約１２％以下、約１０％以下、約８％以下、約６％以下、またはさらには約４％以下であってよい。本体３０１のパーセントフラッシングは、上記最小および最大百分率のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。また、上記フラッシング百分率は、成形研磨粒子バッチに関する平均フラッシング百分率またはメジアンフラッシング百分率を代表し得ることが認識される。 The shaped abrasive particles of the embodiments herein can have a percent flushing that can facilitate improved performance. In particular, the flushing defines the area of the particles as viewed along one side as shown in FIG. 4, for example, and the flushing extends from the side of the body 301 within the boxes 402 and 403. Flushing can represent a tapered region near the top surface 303 and bottom surface 304 of the body 301. Flushing is a body along the side contained in a box that extends between the innermost point (eg, 421) on the side of the body 301 and the outermost point (eg, 422) on the side of the body 301. It can be measured as a percentage of 301 area. In one particular example, the body 301 can have a particular content of flushing, the flushing being compared to the total area of the body 301 contained within the boxes 402, 403, and 404. It may be a percentage of the area of the main body 301 contained therein. According to one embodiment, the percent flushing (f) of the body 301 may be at least about 1%. In another embodiment, the percent flushing is greater, eg, at least about 2%, at least about 3%, at least about 5%, at least about 8%, at least about 10%, at least about 12%, eg, at least about 15 %, At least about 18%, or even at least about 20%. Further, in a non-limiting embodiment, the percent flushing of the body 301 can be controlled and is about 45% or less, such as about 40% or less, about 35% or less, about 30% or less, about 25% or less, about 20 %, About 18%, about 15%, about 12%, about 10%, about 8%, about 6%, or even about 4% or less. It will be appreciated that the percent flushing of the body 301 may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages. It will also be appreciated that the flushing percentage may be representative of an average flushing percentage or a median flushing percentage for a shaped abrasive particle batch.
パーセントフラッシングは、成形研磨粒子３００をその１つの側方において取り付け、該側方で本体３０１を見て、例えば図４に示す黒白画像を生成することによって測定され得る。これに好適なプログラムとして、ＩｍａｇｅＪソフトウエアが挙げられる。パーセントフラッシングは、中心４０４における、ボックス内の面積を含めた、上記側方で見たときの本体３０１の合計面積（斜線部合計面積）と比較して、ボックス４０２および４０３における本体３０１の面積を求めることによって算出され得る。かかる手順は、平均、メジアン、および／または標準偏差値を生成するために好適な粒子サンプリングで完了され得る。 Percent flushing can be measured by attaching the shaped abrasive particle 300 on one side thereof and looking at the body 301 on that side to produce, for example, a black and white image as shown in FIG. A suitable program for this is ImageJ software. Percent flushing is the area of the main body 301 in the boxes 402 and 403 compared to the total area of the main body 301 when viewed from the side, including the area in the box at the center 404 (hatched portion total area). It can be calculated by obtaining. Such a procedure can be completed with a suitable particle sampling to generate mean, median, and / or standard deviation values.
本明細書における実施形態による成形研磨粒子バッチは、好適なサンプルサイズからの寸法特性の標準偏差によって測定される寸法均一性の改良を示すことができる。一実施形態によると、成形研磨粒子は、バッチからの粒子の好適なサンプルサイズに関するフラッシング百分率（ｆ）の標準偏差として算出され得るフラッシング変動（Ｖｆ）を有することができる。一実施形態によると、フラッシング変動は、約５．５％以下、例えば、約５．３％以下、約５％以下、または約４．８％以下、約４．６％以下、またはさらには約４．４％以下であってよい。１つの非限定的な実施形態において、フラッシング変動（Ｖｆ）は、少なくとも約０．１％であってよい。フラッシング変動は、上記に記述した最小および最大百分率のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。 Shaped abrasive particle batches according to embodiments herein can exhibit improved dimensional uniformity as measured by the standard deviation of dimensional characteristics from a suitable sample size. According to one embodiment, the shaped abrasive particles can have a flushing variation (Vf) that can be calculated as a standard deviation of the flushing percentage (f) for a suitable sample size of particles from the batch. According to one embodiment, the flushing variation is no more than about 5.5%, such as no more than about 5.3%, no more than about 5%, or no more than about 4.8%, no more than about 4.6%, or even about It may be 4.4% or less. In one non-limiting embodiment, the flushing variation (Vf) can be at least about 0.1%. It will be appreciated that the flashing variation may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages described above.
本明細書における実施形態の成形研磨粒子は、少なくとも４０００の、高さ（ｈｉ）×フラッシング乗数値（ｈｉＦ）を有することができ、ここで、ｈｉＦ＝（ｈｉ）（ｆ）であり、「ｈｉ」が、上記に記載した本体３０１の最小内部高さを表し、「ｆ」がパーセントフラッシングを表す。１つの特定の例において、本体３０１の高さ−フラッシング乗数値（ｈｉＦ）は、より大きく、例えば、少なくとも約４５００μｍ％、少なくとも約５０００μｍ％、少なくとも約６０００μｍ％、少なくとも約７０００μｍ％、またはさらには少なくとも約８０００μｍ％であってよい。さらに、１つの非限定的な実施形態において、高さ−フラッシング乗数値は、約４５０００μｍ％以下、例えば、約３００００μｍ％以下、約２５０００μｍ％以下、約２００００μｍ％以下、またはさらには約１８０００μｍ％以下であってよい。本体３０１の高さ−フラッシング乗数値は、上記最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。また、上記乗数値は、成形研磨粒子バッチに関するメジアン乗数値（ＭｈｉＦ）を代表し得ることが認識される。 The shaped abrasive particles of embodiments herein can have a height (hi) × flushing multiplier value (hiF) of at least 4000, where hiF = (hi) (f), and “hi "Represents the minimum internal height of the body 301 described above, and" f "represents percent flushing. In one particular example, the height-flushing multiplier value (hiF) of the body 301 is greater, eg, at least about 4500 μm%, at least about 5000 μm%, at least about 6000 μm%, at least about 7000 μm%, or even at least It may be about 8000 μm%. Further, in one non-limiting embodiment, the height-flushing multiplier value is about 45000 μm% or less, such as about 30000 μm% or less, about 25000 μm% or less, about 20000 μm% or less, or even about 18000 μm% or less. It may be. It will be appreciated that the height-flushing multiplier value of the body 301 may be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values. It will also be appreciated that the multiplier value may be representative of the median multiplier value (MhiF) for the shaped abrasive particle batch.
固定研磨物品
成形研磨粒子を形成または調達した後、該粒子は、他の材料と合わされて固定研磨物品を形成することができる。いくつかの好適な例示的な固定研磨物品として、成形研磨粒子が接着材料の三次元マトリクスに含有されている接着研磨物品、および成形研磨粒子が裏打ちを覆う単一層に分散されて、１つ以上の接着層を用いて裏打ちに接着されていてよい被覆研磨物品を挙げることができる。粒子は、裏打ちと合わされて被覆研磨物品を形成することができる。
Fixed Abrasive Article After forming or sourcing shaped abrasive particles, the particles can be combined with other materials to form a fixed abrasive article. Some suitable exemplary fixed abrasive articles include an adhesive abrasive article in which shaped abrasive particles are contained in a three-dimensional matrix of adhesive material, and one or more of the molded abrasive particles dispersed in a single layer covering the backing And a coated abrasive article that may be adhered to the backing using an adhesive layer. The particles can be combined with a backing to form a coated abrasive article.
図５は、実施形態による被覆研磨物品の断面図を示す。特に、被覆研磨物品５００は、基材５０１（すなわち、裏打ち）と、基材５０１の表面を覆う少なくとも１つの接着層とを含むことができる。接着層は、メイクコート５０３および／またはサイズコート５０４を含むことができる。被覆研磨材５００は、本明細書における実施形態の成形研磨粒子５０５と、必ずしも成形研磨粒子でなくてよい、ランダム形状を有する希釈研磨粒子の形態の第２タイプの研磨粒子状材料５０７とを含むことができる研磨粒子状材料５１０を含むことができる。メイクコート５０３は、基材５０１の表面を覆っていて、成形研磨粒子５０５および第２タイプの研磨粒子状材料５０７の少なくとも一部を包囲していてよい。サイズコート５０４は、成形研磨粒子５０５と、第２タイプの研磨粒子状材料５０７と、メイクコート５０３とを覆い、これらに接着されていてよい。 FIG. 5 shows a cross-sectional view of a coated abrasive article according to an embodiment. In particular, the coated abrasive article 500 can include a substrate 501 (ie, a backing) and at least one adhesive layer that covers the surface of the substrate 501. The adhesive layer can include a make coat 503 and / or a size coat 504. The coated abrasive 500 includes shaped abrasive particles 505 of the embodiments herein and a second type of abrasive particulate material 507 in the form of diluted abrasive particles having a random shape, which may not necessarily be shaped abrasive particles. An abrasive particulate material 510 can be included. The make coat 503 may cover the surface of the substrate 501 and surround at least a part of the shaped abrasive particles 505 and the second type abrasive particulate material 507. The size coat 504 may cover and adhere to the shaped abrasive particles 505, the second type abrasive particulate material 507, and the make coat 503.
一実施形態によると、基材５０１は、有機材料、無機材料、およびこれらの組み合わせを含むことができる。ある特定の場合において、基材５０１は、織布材料を含むことができる。しかし、基材５０１は、不織布材料からできていてよい。特に好適な基材材料は、ポリマー、特に、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン、ポリプロピレン、ポリイミド、例えばＤｕＰｏｎｔ製ＫＡＰＴＯＮ、および紙を含めた有機材料を含むことができる。いくつかの好適な無機材料は、金属、金属合金、特に、銅、アルミニウム、鋼、およびこれらの組み合わせの箔を含むことができる。 According to one embodiment, the substrate 501 can include organic materials, inorganic materials, and combinations thereof. In certain cases, the substrate 501 can include a woven material. However, the substrate 501 may be made of a nonwoven material. Particularly suitable substrate materials may include organic materials including polymers, particularly polyesters, polyurethanes, polypropylenes, polyimides such as KAPTON from DuPont, and paper. Some suitable inorganic materials can include foils of metals, metal alloys, particularly copper, aluminum, steel, and combinations thereof.
ポリマー製剤は、研磨物品の任意の種々の層、例えば、フロントフィル、プレサイズ、メイクコート、サイズコート、および／またはスーパーサイズコートなどを形成するのに用いられてよい。ポリマー製剤は、フロントフィルを形成するのに用いられるとき、ポリマー樹脂、フィブリル化繊維（好ましくはパルプの形態）、フィラー材料、および他の任意選択的な添加剤を一般に含む。いくつかのフロントフィルの実施形態に好適な製剤は、例えば、フェノール樹脂、ウォラストナイトフィラー、消泡剤、界面活性剤、フィブリル化繊維、および残部の水などの材料を含むことができる。好適なポリマー樹脂材料は、フェノール樹脂、尿素／ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、フェノール／ラテックス樹脂、およびかかる樹脂の組み合わせを含めた熱硬化性樹脂から選択される硬化性樹脂を含む。他の好適なポリマー樹脂材料はまた、放射線硬化性樹脂、例えば、電子線、ＵＶ放射線、または可視光を用いて硬化可能なかかる樹脂、例えば、エポキシ樹脂、アクリル化エポキシ樹脂のアクリル化オリゴマー、ポリエステル樹脂、アクリル化ウレタンおよびポリエステルアクリレート、ならびにモノアクリル化、マルチアクリル化モノマーを含めたアクリル化モノマーを含んでいてもよい。製剤は、浸食性を向上させることによって堆積される研磨粒子の自己先鋭化を向上することができる非反応性熱可塑性樹脂バインダを含むこともできる。かかる熱可塑性樹脂の例として、ポリプロピレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、およびポリオキシプロピレン−ポリオキシエテンブロックコポリマーなどが挙げられる。基材５０１におけるフロントフィルの使用は、メイクコート５０３の好適な適用、ならびに所定の配向での成形研磨粒子５０５の改良された適用および配向のために、表面の均一性を改良することができる。 The polymer formulation may be used to form any of various layers of the abrasive article, such as a front fill, presize, make coat, size coat, and / or supersize coat. The polymer formulation, when used to form the front fill, generally includes a polymer resin, fibrillated fibers (preferably in the form of pulp), filler materials, and other optional additives. Suitable formulations for some frontfill embodiments can include materials such as, for example, phenolic resins, wollastonite fillers, antifoams, surfactants, fibrillated fibers, and the balance water. Suitable polymeric resin materials include curable resins selected from phenolic resins, urea / formaldehyde resins, phenol / latex resins, and thermosetting resins including combinations of such resins. Other suitable polymeric resin materials are also radiation curable resins, such as resins curable using electron beams, UV radiation, or visible light, such as epoxy resins, acrylated oligomers of acrylated epoxy resins, polyesters Resins, acrylated urethanes and polyester acrylates, and acrylated monomers including mono- and multi-acrylated monomers may be included. The formulation can also include a non-reactive thermoplastic binder that can improve self-sharpening of the abrasive particles deposited by improving erodibility. Examples of such thermoplastic resins include polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and polyoxypropylene-polyoxyethene block copolymers. The use of front fill in the substrate 501 can improve surface uniformity due to the preferred application of the make coat 503 and the improved application and orientation of the shaped abrasive particles 505 in a given orientation.
メイクコート５０３は、単一のプロセスにおいて基材５０１の表面に適用され得、代替的には、研磨粒子状材料５１０は、メイクコート５０３材料と合わされて、混合物として基材５０１の表面に適用され得る。メイクコート５０３の好適な材料として、有機材料、特に、例えば、ポリエステル、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、ポリアクリレート、ポリメタクリレート、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエチレン、ポリシロキサン、シリコーン、セルロースアセテート、ニトロセルロース、天然ゴム、デンプン、セラック、およびこれらの混合物を含めたポリマー材料を挙げることができる。１つの実施形態において、メイクコート５０３は、ポリエステル樹脂を含むことができる。被覆された基材は、次いで、基材に樹脂および研磨粒子状材料を硬化させるために加熱されてよい。一般に、被覆された基材５０１は、該硬化プロセスの間、約１００℃から約２５０℃未満の間の温度で加熱されてよい。 The make coat 503 can be applied to the surface of the substrate 501 in a single process; alternatively, the abrasive particulate material 510 is combined with the make coat 503 material and applied to the surface of the substrate 501 as a mixture. obtain. Suitable materials for make coat 503 are organic materials, in particular, for example, polyester, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyamide, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polysiloxane, silicone, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, natural rubber. And polymeric materials including starch, shellac, and mixtures thereof. In one embodiment, the make coat 503 can include a polyester resin. The coated substrate may then be heated to cure the resin and abrasive particulate material to the substrate. Generally, the coated substrate 501 may be heated at a temperature between about 100 ° C. and less than about 250 ° C. during the curing process.
研磨粒子状材料５１０は、本明細書における実施形態による成形研磨粒子５０５を含むことができる。特定の例において、研磨粒子状材料５１０は、異なるタイプの成形研磨粒子５０５を含んでいてよい。異なるタイプの成形研磨粒子は、本明細書における実施形態に記載されているように、組成において、二次元形状において、三次元形状において、サイズにおいて、およびこれらの組み合わせにおいて互いに異なり得る。示すように、被覆研磨材５００は、略三角形の二次元形状を有する成形研磨粒子５０５を含むことができる。 The abrasive particulate material 510 can include shaped abrasive particles 505 according to embodiments herein. In certain examples, the abrasive particulate material 510 may include different types of shaped abrasive particles 505. Different types of shaped abrasive particles may differ from each other in composition, in two-dimensional shape, in three-dimensional shape, in size, and combinations thereof, as described in the embodiments herein. As shown, the coated abrasive 500 can include shaped abrasive particles 505 having a generally triangular two-dimensional shape.
他のタイプの研磨粒子５０７は、成形研磨粒子５０５と異なる希釈粒子であってよい。例えば、希釈粒子は、組成において、二次元形状において、三次元形状において、サイズにおいて、およびこれらの組み合わせにおいて成形研磨粒子５０５と異なり得る。例えば、研磨粒子５０７は、ランダムな形状を有する従来の粉砕された研磨グリットを表すことができる。研磨粒子５０７は、成形研磨粒子５０５のメジアン粒径未満のメジアン粒径を有していてよい。 Other types of abrasive particles 507 may be dilute particles different from the shaped abrasive particles 505. For example, the diluent particles can differ from the shaped abrasive particles 505 in composition, in a two-dimensional shape, in a three-dimensional shape, in size, and combinations thereof. For example, the abrasive particles 507 can represent a conventional crushed abrasive grit having a random shape. The abrasive particles 507 may have a median particle size that is less than the median particle size of the shaped abrasive particles 505.
研磨粒子状材料５１０によってメイクコート５０３を十分に形成した後、サイズコート５０４は、適所で研磨粒子状材料５１０を覆い、これに接着するように形成され得る。サイズコート５０４は、有機材料を含むことができ、ポリマー材料から本質的になっていてよく、とりわけ、ポリエステル、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、ポリアクリレート、ポリメタクリレート、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエチレン、ポリシロキサン、シリコーン、セルロースアセテート、ニトロセルロース、天然ゴム、デンプン、セラック、およびこれらの混合物を用いることができる。 After the make coat 503 is sufficiently formed with the abrasive particulate material 510, the size coat 504 can be formed to cover and adhere to the abrasive particulate material 510 in place. The size coat 504 can comprise an organic material and can consist essentially of a polymer material, among others, polyester, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyamide, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polysiloxane, Silicone, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, natural rubber, starch, shellac, and mixtures thereof can be used.
一実施形態によると、本明細書における成形研磨粒子５０５は、互いおよび基材５０１に対して所定の配向で配向され得る。完全に理解されているわけではないが、寸法特徴のうちの１つまたは組み合わせが、成形研磨粒子５０５の配向の改良の要因となり得ると考えられる。一実施形態によると、成形研磨粒子５０５は、例えば、図５に示されている、基材５０１に対して平坦な配向で配向され得る。平坦な配向では、成形研磨粒子の底面３０４が、基材５０１（すなわち、裏打ち）の表面に最も近くてよく、成形研磨粒子５０５の上面３０３が、基材５０１から離間して方向付けられて、ワークピースとの初期の係合を行うように構成されていてよい。 According to one embodiment, the shaped abrasive particles 505 herein can be oriented in a predetermined orientation relative to each other and the substrate 501. Although not fully understood, it is believed that one or a combination of dimensional features can be a factor in improving the orientation of shaped abrasive particles 505. According to one embodiment, the shaped abrasive particles 505 can be oriented with a flat orientation relative to the substrate 501, for example, as shown in FIG. In a flat orientation, the bottom surface 304 of the shaped abrasive particles may be closest to the surface of the substrate 501 (ie, the backing), and the top surface 303 of the shaped abrasive particles 505 is oriented away from the substrate 501; It may be configured for initial engagement with the workpiece.
別の実施形態によると、成形研磨粒子５０５は、例えば、図６に示されている所定の側方配向で基材５０１に置かれ得る。特定の例において、研磨物品５００における全含量の成形研磨粒子５０５のうち大部分の成形研磨粒子５０５が、所定の側方配向を有することができる。側方配向において、成形研磨粒子５０５の底面３０４は、基材５０１の表面から離間してこれに対して角度付けられていてよい。特定の例において、底面３０４は、基材５０１の表面に対して鈍角（Ｂ）を形成することができる。また、上面３０３は、基材５０１の表面から離間してこれに対して角度付けられて、特定の例において、略鋭角（Ａ）を定義し得る。側方配向において、側面（３０５、３０６、または３０７）は、基材５０１の表面に最も近くてよく、より詳細には、基材５０１の表面と直接接触していてよい。 According to another embodiment, the shaped abrasive particles 505 can be placed on the substrate 501 in a predetermined lateral orientation as shown, for example, in FIG. In a particular example, a majority of the shaped abrasive particles 505 of the total content of shaped abrasive particles 505 in the abrasive article 500 can have a predetermined lateral orientation. In the lateral orientation, the bottom surface 304 of the shaped abrasive particle 505 may be angled away from the surface of the substrate 501. In a particular example, the bottom surface 304 can form an obtuse angle (B) with respect to the surface of the substrate 501. Also, the upper surface 303 may be spaced from and angled with respect to the surface of the substrate 501 to define a substantially acute angle (A) in a particular example. In the lateral orientation, the side surface (305, 306, or 307) may be closest to the surface of the substrate 501 and, more specifically, may be in direct contact with the surface of the substrate 501.
本明細書におけるある特定の他の研磨物品では、研磨物品５００における複数の成形研磨粒子５０５の少なくとも約５５％が、所定の側方配向を有することができる。さらに、百分率は、より大きく、例えば、少なくとも約６０％、少なくとも約６５％、少なくとも約７０％、少なくとも約７５％、少なくとも約７７％、少なくとも約８０％、少なくとも約８１％、またはさらには少なくとも約８２％であってよい。また、１つの非限定的な実施形態では、研磨物品５００が、本明細書における成形研磨粒子５０５を用いて形成されてよく、成形研磨粒子の全含量の約９９％以下が、所定の側方配向を有する。 In certain other abrasive articles herein, at least about 55% of the plurality of shaped abrasive particles 505 in the abrasive article 500 can have a predetermined lateral orientation. Further, the percentage is larger, for example, at least about 60%, at least about 65%, at least about 70%, at least about 75%, at least about 77%, at least about 80%, at least about 81%, or even at least about It may be 82%. Also, in one non-limiting embodiment, the abrasive article 500 may be formed using the shaped abrasive particles 505 herein, wherein about 99% or less of the total content of shaped abrasive particles is a predetermined lateral. Has an orientation.
所定の配向における粒子の百分率を求めるために、以下の表１の条件で運転されるＣＴスキャンマシンを使用して研磨物品５００の２Ｄ微小焦点Ｘ線画像を得る。Ｘ線２Ｄ画像化は、Ｑｕａｌｉｔｙ ＡｓｓｕｒａｎｃｅソフトウエアによってＲＢ２１４において行った。試料取り付け固定具は、４”×４”の窓および径０．５”の固体金属ロッドを有するプラスチックフレームであって、その上部が２つのスクリューによって半分平坦化されてフレームを固定している上記フレームを利用する。画像化の前に、試料を、スクリューヘッドがＸ線の入射方向に向いているフレームの１つの側方上にクリップした。次いで、４”×４”の窓領域内で５つの領域を選択し、１２０ｋＶ／８０μＡで画像化した。各々の２Ｄ投影をＸ線オフセット／ゲイン補正を用いて１５倍の倍率で記録した。 In order to determine the percentage of particles in a given orientation, a 2D microfocus X-ray image of the abrasive article 500 is obtained using a CT scan machine operating under the conditions in Table 1 below. X-ray 2D imaging was performed in RB 214 by Quality Assurance software. The sample mounting fixture is a plastic frame having a 4 "x 4" window and a solid metal rod of 0.5 "diameter, the upper part of which is half flattened by two screws to fix the frame. Prior to imaging, the sample was clipped onto one side of the frame with the screw head facing the direction of X-ray incidence, then 5 in a 4 ″ × 4 ″ window area. One region was selected and imaged at 120 kV / 80 μA Each 2D projection was recorded at 15 × magnification using X-ray offset / gain correction.
次いで、種々の配向が以下の表２による値に割り当てられているＩｍａｇｅＪプログラムを用いて画像を取り込んで分析する。図１３は、実施形態による被覆研磨材の部分を表しかつ裏打ちにおける成形研磨粒子の配向を分析するのに用いられる画像を含む。 The images are then captured and analyzed using the ImageJ program where various orientations are assigned to the values according to Table 2 below. FIG. 13 represents a portion of a coated abrasive according to an embodiment and includes an image used to analyze the orientation of the shaped abrasive particles in the backing.
次いで、表３において以下に付与するように３つの計算を実施する。該計算を行った後、特定の配向（例えば、側方配向）における平方センチメートル当たりの顆粒の百分率を誘導することができる。 The three calculations are then performed as given below in Table 3. After performing the calculation, the percentage of granules per square centimeter in a particular orientation (eg, lateral orientation) can be derived.
＊−これらは、全て、画像の代表面積に関して正規化されている。
＋−０．５の倍率を適用し、画像に完全には存在しないという事実を構成した。
* —These are all normalized with respect to the representative area of the image.
A magnification of + -0.5 was applied and constituted the fact that it was not completely present in the image.
さらに、成形研磨粒子を用いて作製された研磨物品は、種々の含量の成形研磨粒子を利用することができる。例えば、研磨物品は、オープンコート構成またはクローズドコート構成において成形研磨粒子の単一層を含む被覆研磨物品であってよい。例えば、複数の成形研磨粒子は、約７０粒子／ｃｍ２以下の成形研磨粒子の被覆密度を有するオープンコート研磨製品を定義することができる。他の場合において、研磨物品の平方センチメートル当たりの成形研磨粒子のオープンコート密度は、約６５粒子／ｃｍ２以下、例えば、約６０粒子／ｃｍ２以下、約５５粒子／ｃｍ２以下、またはさらには約５０粒子／ｃｍ２以下であってよい。さらに、１つの非限定的な実施形態において、本明細書における成形研磨粒子を用いるオープンコート被覆研磨材の密度は、少なくとも約５粒子／ｃｍ２、またはさらには少なくとも約１０粒子／ｃｍ２であってよい。被覆研磨物品のオープンコート密度は、上記最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。 In addition, abrasive articles made using shaped abrasive particles can utilize various amounts of shaped abrasive particles. For example, the abrasive article may be a coated abrasive article comprising a single layer of shaped abrasive particles in an open coat configuration or a closed coat configuration. For example, a plurality of shaped abrasive particles can define an open coat abrasive product having a coating density of shaped abrasive particles of about 70 particles / cm 2 or less. In other cases, the open coat density of shaped abrasive particles per square centimeter of the abrasive article is about 65 particles / cm 2 or less, such as about 60 particles / cm 2 or less, about 55 particles / cm 2 or less, or even about about It may be 50 particles / cm 2 or less. Further, in one non-limiting embodiment, the density of the open coat coated abrasive using shaped abrasive particles herein is at least about 5 particles / cm 2 , or even at least about 10 particles / cm 2. It's okay. It will be appreciated that the open coat density of the coated abrasive article may be in a range between any of the above minimum and maximum values.
代替の実施形態において、複数の成形研磨粒子は、少なくとも約７５粒子／ｃｍ２、例えば、少なくとも約８０粒子／ｃｍ２、少なくとも約８５粒子／ｃｍ２、少なくとも約９０粒子／ｃｍ２、少なくとも約１００粒子／ｃｍ２の成形研磨粒子の被覆密度を有するクローズドコート研磨製品を定義することができる。さらに、１つの非限定的な実施形態において、本明細書における成形研磨粒子を用いる被覆研磨材のクローズドコート密度は、約５００粒子／ｃｍ２以下であってよい。被覆研磨物品のクローズドコート密度は、上記最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。 In alternative embodiments, the plurality of shaped abrasive particles is at least about 75 particles / cm 2 , such as at least about 80 particles / cm 2 , at least about 85 particles / cm 2 , at least about 90 particles / cm 2 , at least about 100. A closed coat abrasive product having a coating density of shaped abrasive particles of particles / cm 2 can be defined. Further, in one non-limiting embodiment, the closed coat density of the coated abrasive using shaped abrasive particles herein can be about 500 particles / cm 2 or less. It will be appreciated that the closed coat density of the coated abrasive article may be in a range between any of the above minimum and maximum values.
ある特定の場合において、研磨物品は、被覆物のオープンコート密度が約５０％以下の、物品の外側研磨表面を被覆する研磨粒子を有することができる。他の実施形態において、研磨表面の合計面積に対する研磨粒子の被覆百分率は、約４０％以下、約３０％以下、約２５％以下、またはさらには約２０％以下であってよい。さらに、１つの非限定的な実施形態において、研磨表面の合計面積に対する研磨粒子の被覆百分率は、少なくとも約５％、例えば、少なくとも約１０％、少なくとも約１５％、少なくとも約２０％、少なくとも約２５％、少なくとも約３０％、少なくとも約３５％、またはさらには少なくとも約４０％であってよい。研磨表面の合計面積に対する成形研磨粒子のパーセント被覆は、上記最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。 In certain cases, the abrasive article can have abrasive particles that coat the outer abrasive surface of the article, wherein the coating has an open coat density of about 50% or less. In other embodiments, the coating percentage of abrasive particles relative to the total area of the abrasive surface may be about 40% or less, about 30% or less, about 25% or less, or even about 20% or less. Further, in one non-limiting embodiment, the coating percentage of abrasive particles relative to the total area of the polishing surface is at least about 5%, such as at least about 10%, at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25. %, At least about 30%, at least about 35%, or even at least about 40%. It will be appreciated that the percent coverage of shaped abrasive particles relative to the total area of the abrasive surface may be in a range between any of the above minimum and maximum values.
いくつかの研磨物品は、裏打ちまたは基材５０１の長さ（例えば、リーム）について特定の含量の研磨粒子を有することができる。例えば、一実施形態において、研磨物品は、少なくとも約２０ｌｂｓ／リーム、例えば、少なくとも約２５ｌｂｓ／リーム、またはさらには少なくとも約３０ｌｂｓ／リームの、成形研磨粒子の正規化された重量を利用してよい。さらに、１つの非限定的な実施形態において、研磨物品は、約６０ｌｂｓ／リーム以下、例えば、約５０ｌｂｓ／リーム以下、またはさらには約４５ｌｂｓ／リーム以下の、成形研磨粒子の正規化された重量を含むことができる。本明細書における実施形態の研磨物品は、上記最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内の、成形研磨粒子の正規化された重量を利用することができることが認識される。 Some abrasive articles can have a specific content of abrasive particles for the length of the backing or substrate 501 (eg, a ream). For example, in one embodiment, the abrasive article may utilize a normalized weight of shaped abrasive particles of at least about 20 lbs / ream, such as at least about 25 lbs / ream, or even at least about 30 lbs / ream. Further, in one non-limiting embodiment, the abrasive article has a normalized weight of shaped abrasive particles of no more than about 60 lbs / ream, such as no more than about 50 lbs / ream, or even no more than about 45 lbs / ream. Can be included. It will be appreciated that the abrasive articles of the embodiments herein can utilize the normalized weight of shaped abrasive particles within a range between any of the above minimum and maximum values.
本明細書に記載されている研磨物品における複数の成形研磨粒子は、研磨粒子のバッチの第１部を定義することができ、本明細書における実施形態に記載されている特徴は、成形研磨粒子バッチの少なくとも第１部に存在する特徴を表すことができる。また、実施形態によると、１つ以上のプロセスパラメータの制御は、本明細書に既に記載されているように、本明細書における実施形態の成形研磨粒子の１つ以上の特徴の普及を制御することもできる。バッチの任意の成形研磨粒子の１つ以上の特徴の提供は、研磨物品における粒子の代替または改良された開発を容易にすることができ、研磨物品の性能または使用の改良をさらに容易にすることができる。バッチはまた、研磨粒子の第２部を含んでいてもよい。研磨粒子の第２部は、希釈粒子を含むことができる。 The plurality of shaped abrasive particles in the abrasive article described herein can define a first part of a batch of abrasive particles, and the features described in the embodiments herein are shaped abrasive particles Features present in at least the first part of the batch can be represented. Also, according to embodiments, control of one or more process parameters controls the dissemination of one or more features of the shaped abrasive particles of the embodiments herein, as already described herein. You can also. Providing one or more features of any shaped abrasive particles in a batch can facilitate alternative or improved development of particles in the abrasive article, further facilitating improvements in the performance or use of the abrasive article. Can do. The batch may also include a second part of the abrasive particles. The second part of the abrasive particles can include diluent particles.
本明細書における実施形態の１つの態様によると、固定研磨物品は、研磨粒子ブレンドを含むことができる。研磨粒子ブレンドは、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第２タイプの成形研磨粒子を含むことができる。特定の例において、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子は、第１高さ（ｈ１）によって定義され得る。第１高さへの言及は、例えば、限定されないが、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子のメジアン内部高さ（Ｍｈｉ）を含めた、本明細書における実施形態において同定される任意の高さ寸法を含むことができることが認識される。また、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子は、第２高さ（ｈ２）によって定義され得る。第２高さへの言及は、例えば、限定されないが、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子のメジアン内部高さ（Ｍｈｉ）を含めた、本明細書における実施形態において同定される任意の高さ寸法を含むことができることが認識される。 According to one aspect of the embodiments herein, the fixed abrasive article can include an abrasive particle blend. The abrasive particle blend can include a first type of shaped abrasive particles and a second type of shaped abrasive particles. In a particular example, the first type of shaped abrasive particles may be defined by a first height (h1). Reference to the first height includes any height dimension identified in the embodiments herein, including, but not limited to, for example, the median internal height (Mhi) of the first type of shaped abrasive particles. It is recognized that it can be included. Also, the second type of shaped abrasive particles can be defined by a second height (h2). Reference to the second height refers to any height dimension identified in the embodiments herein, including but not limited to, for example, the median internal height (Mhi) of the second type of shaped abrasive particles. It is recognized that it can be included.
１つの実施形態によると、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子は、第１高さ（ｈ１）未満の第２高さ（ｈ２）を有することができる。より詳細には、ある特定の場合において、研磨粒子ブレンドは、ブレンドの第１タイプの成形研磨粒子の第１高さ（ｈ１）によって除算されたブレンドの第２タイプの成形研磨粒子の第２高さ（ｈ２）を記載することができる高さ比（ｈ２／ｈ１）を有することができる。ブレンドのある特定の高さ比は、研磨物品の性能を改良することができる。少なくとも１つの実施形態では、高さ比（ｈ２／ｈ１）が、約０．９８以下であってよい。他の場合において、高さ比（ｈ２／ｈ１）は、約０．９５以下、例えば、約０．９３以下、約０．９０以下、約０．８８以下、約０．８５以下、またはさらには約０．８３以下であってよい。さらに、別の非限定的な実施形態において、高さ比（ｈ２／ｈ１）は、少なくとも約０．０５、例えば、少なくとも約０．０８、少なくとも約０．１、少なくとも約０．１２、少なくとも約０．１５、少なくとも約０．１８、少なくとも約０．２、少なくとも約０．２２、少なくとも約０．２５、少なくとも約０．２８、少なくとも約０．３、少なくとも約０．３２、少なくとも約０．３５、少なくとも約０．４、少なくとも約０．４５、少なくとも約０．５、少なくとも約０．５５、少なくとも約０．６、またはさらには少なくとも約０．６５であってよい。第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第２タイプの成形研磨粒子を含むブレンドの高さ比（ｈ２／ｈ１）は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。 According to one embodiment, the second type of shaped abrasive particles may have a second height (h2) that is less than the first height (h1). More particularly, in certain cases, the abrasive particle blend is a second height of the second type of shaped abrasive particles of the blend divided by the first height (h1) of the first type of shaped abrasive particles of the blend. It can have a height ratio (h2 / h1) that can describe the thickness (h2). Certain height ratios of the blend can improve the performance of the abrasive article. In at least one embodiment, the height ratio (h2 / h1) may be about 0.98 or less. In other cases, the height ratio (h2 / h1) is about 0.95 or less, such as about 0.93 or less, about 0.90 or less, about 0.88 or less, about 0.85 or less, or even It may be about 0.83 or less. Further, in another non-limiting embodiment, the height ratio (h2 / h1) is at least about 0.05, such as at least about 0.08, at least about 0.1, at least about 0.12, at least about 0.15, at least about 0.18, at least about 0.2, at least about 0.22, at least about 0.25, at least about 0.28, at least about 0.3, at least about 0.32, at least about 0. 35, at least about 0.4, at least about 0.45, at least about 0.5, at least about 0.55, at least about 0.6, or even at least about 0.65. The height ratio (h2 / h1) of the blend comprising the first type of shaped abrasive particles and the second type of shaped abrasive particles may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above. Is recognized.
ある特定の場合において、研磨粒子ブレンドは、固定研磨物品の性能の改良を容易にすることができる、第１高さと第２高さとの間の特定の高さ差（ｈ１−ｈ２）を定義することができる。示すように、高さ差は、第１高さ（ｈ１）から減算された第２高さ（ｈ２）との間の差の数値を定義することができる。例えば、ブレンドは、少なくとも約１μｍの高さ差（ｈ１−ｈ２）を有することができる。別の実施形態によると、高さ差（ｈ１−ｈ２）は、少なくとも約５μｍであってよい。他の場合において、高さ差は、より大きく、例えば、少なくとも約１０μｍ、少なくとも約１５μｍ、少なくとも約２０μｍ、少なくとも約２５μｍ、少なくとも約３０μｍ、少なくとも約３５μｍ、少なくとも約４０μｍ、少なくとも約５０μｍ、少なくとも約６０μｍ、少なくとも約７０μｍ、またはさらには少なくとも約８０μｍであってよい。さらに、１つの非限定的な実施形態において、高さ差（ｈ１−ｈ２）は、約２ｍｍ以下、例えば、約１ｍｍ以下、約８００μｍ以下、またはさらには約５００μｍ以下であってよい。高さ差（ｈ１−ｈ２）は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。 In certain cases, the abrasive particle blend defines a specific height difference (h1-h2) between the first height and the second height that can facilitate improved performance of the fixed abrasive article. be able to. As shown, the height difference may define a numerical value of the difference between the second height (h2) subtracted from the first height (h1). For example, the blend can have a height difference (h1-h2) of at least about 1 μm. According to another embodiment, the height difference (h1-h2) may be at least about 5 μm. In other cases, the height difference is larger, for example, at least about 10 μm, at least about 15 μm, at least about 20 μm, at least about 25 μm, at least about 30 μm, at least about 35 μm, at least about 40 μm, at least about 50 μm, at least about 60 μm. , At least about 70 μm, or even at least about 80 μm. Further, in one non-limiting embodiment, the height difference (h1-h2) can be about 2 mm or less, such as about 1 mm or less, about 800 μm or less, or even about 500 μm or less. It will be appreciated that the height difference (h1-h2) may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above.
本明細書に記載されているように、本明細書における実施形態の成形研磨粒子は、長さ、幅、および高さによって定義される本体を有することができる。実施形態によると、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子は、第１長さを有してよく、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子は、第２長さを有してよい。また、研磨粒子ブレンドは、ブレンドの第１タイプの成形研磨粒子の第１長さ（ｌ１）によって除算された、ブレンドの第２タイプの成形研磨粒子の第２長さ（ｌ２）を記載することができる長さ比（ｌ２／ｌ１）を有することができる。ブレンドのある特定の長さ比は、研磨物品の性能を改良することができる。したがって、ある特定の場合において、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子は、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子に対応する第２長さとは異なる第１長さを有してよい。しかし、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子の第１長さは、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子の第２長さと実質的に同じであってよいことが認識される。 As described herein, the shaped abrasive particles of the embodiments herein can have a body defined by length, width, and height. According to embodiments, the first type of shaped abrasive particles may have a first length and the second type of shaped abrasive particles may have a second length. Also, the abrasive particle blend should describe the second length (l2) of the second type of shaped abrasive particles of the blend divided by the first length (l1) of the first type of shaped abrasive particles of the blend. Can have a length ratio (l2 / l1). Certain length ratios of the blend can improve the performance of the abrasive article. Thus, in certain cases, the first type of shaped abrasive particles may have a first length that is different from a second length corresponding to the second type of shaped abrasive particles. However, it will be appreciated that the first length of the first type of shaped abrasive particles may be substantially the same as the second length of the second type of shaped abrasive particles.
少なくとも１つの実施形態において、長さ比（ｌ２／ｌ１）は、少なくとも約０．０５、例えば、少なくとも約０．０８、少なくとも約０．１、少なくとも約０．１２、少なくとも約０．１５、少なくとも約０．１８、少なくとも約０．２、少なくとも約０．２２、少なくとも約０．２５、少なくとも約０．２８、少なくとも約０．３、少なくとも約０．３２、少なくとも約０．３５、少なくとも約０．４、少なくとも約０．４５、少なくとも約０．５、少なくとも約０．５５、少なくとも約０．６、少なくとも約０．６５、少なくとも約０．７、少なくとも約０．７５、少なくとも約０．８、少なくとも約０．９、またはさらには少なくとも約０．９５であってよい。さらに、１つの非限定的な実施形態において、長さ比（ｌ２／ｌ１）は、約１０以下、例えば、約８以下、約６以下、約５以下、約４以下、約３以下、約２以下、約１．８以下、約１．５以下、またはさらには約１．２以下であってよい。長さ比（ｌ２／ｌ１）は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。 In at least one embodiment, the length ratio (l2 / l1) is at least about 0.05, such as at least about 0.08, at least about 0.1, at least about 0.12, at least about 0.15, at least About 0.18, at least about 0.2, at least about 0.22, at least about 0.25, at least about 0.28, at least about 0.3, at least about 0.32, at least about 0.35, at least about 0 .4, at least about 0.45, at least about 0.5, at least about 0.55, at least about 0.6, at least about 0.65, at least about 0.7, at least about 0.75, at least about 0.8. , At least about 0.9, or even at least about 0.95. Further, in one non-limiting embodiment, the length ratio (l2 / l1) is about 10 or less, such as about 8 or less, about 6 or less, about 5 or less, about 4 or less, about 3 or less, about 2 Below, it may be about 1.8 or less, about 1.5 or less, or even about 1.2 or less. It will be appreciated that the length ratio (l2 / l1) may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above.
さらに、研磨粒子ブレンドは、ブレンドの第２タイプの成形研磨粒子の第２長さに対するブレンドの第１タイプの成形研磨粒子の第１長さの差を定義することができ、また、研磨物品の性能の改良を容易にすることができる特定の長さ差（ｌ１−ｌ２）を定義することができる。例えば、一実施形態において、長さ差（ｌ１−ｌ２）は、約２ｍｍ以下、例えば、約１ｍｍ以下、約８００μｍ以下、約５００μｍ以下、約３００μｍ以下、約１００μｍ以下、またはさらには約５０μｍ以下であってよい。さらに、１つの非限定的な実施形態において、長さ差（ｌ１−ｌ２）は、少なくとも約１μｍ、例えば、少なくとも約５μｍ、またはさらには少なくとも約１０μｍであってよい。長さ差（ｌ１−ｌ２）は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。 Further, the abrasive particle blend can define a difference in the first length of the first type of shaped abrasive particles of the blend relative to the second length of the second type of shaped abrasive particles of the blend, and A specific length difference (l1-l2) can be defined that can facilitate performance improvements. For example, in one embodiment, the length difference (l1-l2) is about 2 mm or less, such as about 1 mm or less, about 800 μm or less, about 500 μm or less, about 300 μm or less, about 100 μm or less, or even about 50 μm or less. It may be. Further, in one non-limiting embodiment, the length difference (11-l2) may be at least about 1 μm, such as at least about 5 μm, or even at least about 10 μm. It will be appreciated that the length difference (l1-l2) may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above.
本明細書に記述されているように、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子は、第１幅（ｗ１）を定義する本体を有することができる。また、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子は、第２幅（ｗ２）を定義する本体を有することができる。さらに、研磨粒子ブレンドは、ブレンドの第１タイプの成形研磨粒子の第１幅（ｗ１）によって除算されたブレンドの第２タイプの成形研磨粒子の第２幅（ｗ２）を記載することができる幅比（ｗ２／ｗ１）を有することができる。ブレンドのある特定の幅比は、研磨物品の性能を改良することができる。したがって、ある特定の場合において、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子は、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子に対応する第２幅とは異なる第１幅を有することができる。しかし、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子の第１幅は、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子の第２幅と実質的に同じであってよいことが認識される。 As described herein, the first type of shaped abrasive particles can have a body defining a first width (w1). Also, the second type of shaped abrasive particles can have a body defining a second width (w2). Further, the abrasive particle blend can describe a second width (w2) of the second type of shaped abrasive particles of the blend divided by the first width (w1) of the first type of shaped abrasive particles of the blend. It can have a ratio (w2 / w1). Certain width ratios of the blend can improve the performance of the abrasive article. Thus, in certain cases, the first type of shaped abrasive particles can have a first width that is different from a second width corresponding to the second type of shaped abrasive particles. However, it will be appreciated that the first width of the first type of shaped abrasive particles may be substantially the same as the second width of the second type of shaped abrasive particles.
１つの特定の実施形態において、幅比（ｗ２／ｗ１）は、少なくとも約０．０８、例えば、少なくとも約０．１、少なくとも約０．１２、少なくとも約０．１５、少なくとも約０．１８、少なくとも約０．２、少なくとも約０．２２、少なくとも約０．２５、少なくとも約０．２８、少なくとも約０．３、少なくとも約０．３２、少なくとも約０．３５、少なくとも約０．４、少なくとも約０．４５、少なくとも約０．５、少なくとも約０．５５、少なくとも約０．６、少なくとも約０．６５、少なくとも約０．７、少なくとも約０．７５、少なくとも約０．８、少なくとも約０．９、またはさらには少なくとも約０．９５であってよい。さらに、別の非限定的な実施形態において、幅比（ｗ２／ｗ１）は、約１０以下、例えば、約８以下、約６以下、約５以下、約４以下、約３以下、約２以下、約１．８以下、約１．５以下、またはさらには約１．２以下であってよい。幅比（ｗ２／ｗ１）は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。 In one particular embodiment, the width ratio (w2 / w1) is at least about 0.08, such as at least about 0.1, at least about 0.12, at least about 0.15, at least about 0.18, at least About 0.2, at least about 0.22, at least about 0.25, at least about 0.28, at least about 0.3, at least about 0.32, at least about 0.35, at least about 0.4, at least about 0 .45, at least about 0.5, at least about 0.55, at least about 0.6, at least about 0.65, at least about 0.7, at least about 0.75, at least about 0.8, at least about 0.9. Or even at least about 0.95. Further, in another non-limiting embodiment, the width ratio (w2 / w1) is about 10 or less, such as about 8 or less, about 6 or less, about 5 or less, about 4 or less, about 3 or less, about 2 or less. , About 1.8 or less, about 1.5 or less, or even about 1.2 or less. It will be appreciated that the width ratio (w2 / w1) may be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above.
また、研磨粒子ブレンドは、ブレンドの第１タイプの成形研磨粒子とブレンドの第２タイプの成形研磨粒子との間の幅差を定義することができ、また、研磨物品の性能の改良を容易にすることができる幅差（ｗ１−ｗ２）を有することができる。少なくとも１つの実施形態において、幅差（ｗ１−ｗ２）は、約２ｍｍ以下、例えば、約１ｍｍ以下、約８００μｍ以下、約５００μｍ以下、約３００μｍ以下、約１００μｍ以下、またはさらには約５０μｍ以下であってよい。さらに、少なくとも１つの非限定的な実施形態において、幅差（ｗ１−ｗ２）は、少なくとも約１μｍ、例えば、少なくとも約５μｍ、またはさらには少なくとも約１０μｍであってよい。幅差は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。 The abrasive particle blend can also define a width difference between the first type of shaped abrasive particles of the blend and the second type of shaped abrasive particles of the blend, and also facilitates improved performance of the abrasive article. Can have a width difference (w1-w2). In at least one embodiment, the width difference (w1-w2) is about 2 mm or less, such as about 1 mm or less, about 800 μm or less, about 500 μm or less, about 300 μm or less, about 100 μm or less, or even about 50 μm or less. It's okay. Further, in at least one non-limiting embodiment, the width difference (w1-w2) can be at least about 1 μm, such as at least about 5 μm, or even at least about 10 μm. It will be appreciated that the width difference may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above.
別の態様によると、研磨粒子ブレンドは、ブレンドの粒子の合計含量と比較したときの第１タイプの成形研磨粒子の百分率（例えば、重量パーセント）として表されてよい第１含量（Ｃ１）で存在する第１タイプの成形研磨粒子を含むことができる。さらに、研磨粒子ブレンドは、ブレンドの合計重量に対する第２タイプの成形研磨粒子の百分率（例えば、重量パーセント）として表されてよい第２含量（Ｃ２）の第２タイプの成形研磨粒子を含んでいてよい。少なくとも１つの実施形態において、第１含量は、第２含量と異なっていてよい。より詳細には、少なくとも１つの実施形態において、第１含量は、第２含量未満であってよい。 According to another aspect, the abrasive particle blend is present at a first content (C1) that may be expressed as a percentage (eg, weight percent) of the first type of shaped abrasive particles as compared to the total content of particles of the blend. A first type of shaped abrasive particles may be included. Further, the abrasive particle blend includes a second content (C2) of the second type of shaped abrasive particles that may be expressed as a percentage (eg, weight percent) of the second type of shaped abrasive particles relative to the total weight of the blend. Good. In at least one embodiment, the first content may be different from the second content. More particularly, in at least one embodiment, the first content may be less than the second content.
例えば、ある特定の場合において、ブレンドは、第１含量（Ｃ１）がブレンドの全含量の約９０％以下であり得るように形成され得る。別の実施形態において、第１含量は、より少なく、例えば、約８５％以下、約８０％以下、約７５％以下、約７０％以下、約６５％以下、約６０％以下、約５５％以下、約５０％以下、約４５％以下、約４０％以下、約３５％以下、約３０％以下、約２５％以下、約２０％以下、約１５％以下、約１０％以下、またはさらには約５％以下であってよい。さらに、１つの非限定的な実施形態において、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子の第１含量は、ブレンドの研磨粒子の全含量の少なくとも約１％で存在していてよい。なお他の例において、第１含量（Ｃ１）は、少なくとも約５％、例えば、少なくとも約１０％、少なくとも約１５％、少なくとも約２０％、少なくとも約２５％、少なくとも約３０％、少なくとも約３５％、少なくとも約４０％、少なくとも約４５％、少なくとも約５０％、少なくとも約５５％、少なくとも約６０％、少なくとも約６５％、少なくとも約７０％、少なくとも約７５％、少なくとも約８０％、少なくとも約８５％、少なくとも約９０％、またはさらには少なくとも約９５％であってよい。第１含量（Ｃ１）は、上記に記述した最小および最大百分率のいずれかの間の範囲内で存在していてよいことが認識される。 For example, in certain cases, the blend can be formed such that the first content (C1) can be about 90% or less of the total content of the blend. In another embodiment, the first content is less, for example, about 85% or less, about 80% or less, about 75% or less, about 70% or less, about 65% or less, about 60% or less, about 55% or less. About 50% or less, about 45% or less, about 40% or less, about 35% or less, about 30% or less, about 25% or less, about 20% or less, about 15% or less, about 10% or less, or even about It may be 5% or less. Further, in one non-limiting embodiment, the first content of the first type of shaped abrasive particles may be present at least about 1% of the total content of abrasive particles in the blend. In still other examples, the first content (C1) is at least about 5%, such as at least about 10%, at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, at least about 35%. At least about 40%, at least about 45%, at least about 50%, at least about 55%, at least about 60%, at least about 65%, at least about 70%, at least about 75%, at least about 80%, at least about 85% , At least about 90%, or even at least about 95%. It will be appreciated that the first content (C1) may be present within a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages described above.
研磨粒子ブレンドは、特定の含量の第２タイプの成形研磨粒子を含んでいてよい。例えば、第２含量（Ｃ２）は、ブレンドの全含量の約９８％以下であってよい。他の実施形態において、第２含量は、約９５％以下、例えば、約９０％以下、約８５％以下、約８０％以下、約７５％以下、約７０％以下、約６５％以下、約６０％以下、約５５％以下、約５０％以下、約４５％以下、約４０％以下、約３５％以下、約３０％以下、約２５％以下、約２０％以下、約１５％以下、約１０％以下、またはさらには約５％以下であってよい。さらに、１つの非限定的な実施形態において、第２含量（Ｃ２）は、ブレンドの全含量の少なくとも約１％の量で存在していてよい。例えば、第２含量は、少なくとも約５％、例えば、少なくとも約１０％、少なくとも約１５％、少なくとも約２０％、少なくとも約２５％、少なくとも約３０％、少なくとも約３５％、少なくとも約４０％、少なくとも約４５％、少なくとも約５０％、少なくとも約５５％、少なくとも約６０％、少なくとも約６５％、少なくとも約７０％、少なくとも約７５％、少なくとも約８０％、少なくとも約８５％、少なくとも約９０％、またはさらには少なくとも約９５％であってよい。第２含量（Ｃ２）は、上記に記述した最小および最大百分率のいずれかの間の範囲内にあってよいことが認識される。 The abrasive particle blend may comprise a specific content of the second type of shaped abrasive particles. For example, the second content (C2) may be about 98% or less of the total content of the blend. In other embodiments, the second content is about 95% or less, such as about 90% or less, about 85% or less, about 80% or less, about 75% or less, about 70% or less, about 65% or less, about 60%. % Or less, about 55% or less, about 50% or less, about 45% or less, about 40% or less, about 35% or less, about 30% or less, about 25% or less, about 20% or less, about 15% or less, about 10 % Or less, or even about 5% or less. Further, in one non-limiting embodiment, the second content (C2) may be present in an amount of at least about 1% of the total content of the blend. For example, the second content is at least about 5%, such as at least about 10%, at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, at least about 35%, at least about 40%, at least About 45%, at least about 50%, at least about 55%, at least about 60%, at least about 65%, at least about 70%, at least about 75%, at least about 80%, at least about 85%, at least about 90%, or Furthermore, it may be at least about 95%. It will be appreciated that the second content (C2) may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum percentages described above.
別の実施形態によると、研磨粒子ブレンドは、第１含量（Ｃ１）と第２含量（Ｃ２）との間の比を定義することができるブレンド比（Ｃ１／Ｃ２）を有することができる。例えば、一実施形態において、ブレンド比（Ｃ１／Ｃ２）は、約１０以下であってよい。さらに別の実施形態において、ブレンド比（Ｃ１／Ｃ２）は、約８以下、例えば、約６以下、約５以下、約４以下、約３以下、約２以下、約１．８以下、約１．５以下、約１．２以下、約１以下、約０．９以下、約０．８以下、約０．７以下、約０．６以下、約０．５以下、約０．４以下、約０．３以下、またはさらには約０．２以下であってよい。さらに、別の非限定的な実施形態において、ブレンド比（Ｃ１／Ｃ２）は、少なくとも約０．１、例えば、少なくとも約０．１５、少なくとも約０．２、少なくとも約０．２２、少なくとも約０．２５、少なくとも約０．２８、少なくとも約０．３、少なくとも約０．３２、少なくとも約０．３、少なくとも約０．４、少なくとも約０．４５、少なくとも約０．５、少なくとも約０．５５、少なくとも約０．６、少なくとも約０．６５、少なくとも約０．７、少なくとも約０．７５、少なくとも約０．８、少なくとも約０．９、少なくとも約０．９５、少なくとも約１、少なくとも約１．５、少なくとも約２、少なくとも約３、少なくとも約４、またはさらには少なくとも約５であってよい。ブレンド比（Ｃ１／Ｃ２）は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。 According to another embodiment, the abrasive particle blend can have a blend ratio (C1 / C2) that can define a ratio between the first content (C1) and the second content (C2). For example, in one embodiment, the blend ratio (C1 / C2) may be about 10 or less. In yet another embodiment, the blend ratio (C1 / C2) is about 8 or less, such as about 6 or less, about 5 or less, about 4 or less, about 3 or less, about 2 or less, about 1.8 or less, about 1 0.5 or less, about 1.2 or less, about 1 or less, about 0.9 or less, about 0.8 or less, about 0.7 or less, about 0.6 or less, about 0.5 or less, about 0.4 or less, It may be about 0.3 or less, or even about 0.2 or less. Further, in another non-limiting embodiment, the blend ratio (C1 / C2) is at least about 0.1, such as at least about 0.15, at least about 0.2, at least about 0.22, at least about 0. .25, at least about 0.28, at least about 0.3, at least about 0.32, at least about 0.3, at least about 0.4, at least about 0.45, at least about 0.5, at least about 0.55 At least about 0.6, at least about 0.65, at least about 0.7, at least about 0.75, at least about 0.8, at least about 0.9, at least about 0.95, at least about 1, at least about 1 .5, at least about 2, at least about 3, at least about 4, or even at least about 5. It will be appreciated that the blend ratio (C1 / C2) may be in a range between any of the minimum and maximum values described above.
少なくとも１つの実施形態において、研磨粒子ブレンドは、主含量の成形研磨粒子を含むことができる。すなわち、ブレンドは、限定されないが、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第２タイプの成形研磨粒子を含む成形研磨粒子から主として形成され得る。少なくとも１つの特定の実施形態において、研磨粒子ブレンドは、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第２タイプの成形研磨粒子から本質的になることができる。しかし、他の非限定的な実施形態において、ブレンドは、他のタイプの研磨粒子を含んでいてよい。例えば、ブレンドは、従来の研磨粒子または成形研磨粒子を含んでいてよい第３のタイプの研磨粒子を含んでいてよい。第３のタイプの研磨粒子は、従来の破砕および粉砕技術を通して得られ得る、不規則形状を有する希釈剤タイプの研磨粒子を含んでいてよい。 In at least one embodiment, the abrasive particle blend can include a major content of shaped abrasive particles. That is, the blend can be formed primarily from shaped abrasive particles including, but not limited to, a first type of shaped abrasive particles and a second type of shaped abrasive particles. In at least one particular embodiment, the abrasive particle blend can consist essentially of a first type of shaped abrasive particles and a second type of shaped abrasive particles. However, in other non-limiting embodiments, the blend may include other types of abrasive particles. For example, the blend may include a third type of abrasive particles that may include conventional abrasive particles or shaped abrasive particles. The third type of abrasive particles may comprise diluent type abrasive particles having an irregular shape, which may be obtained through conventional crushing and grinding techniques.
少なくとも１つの態様では、実施形態による固定研磨物品は、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第２タイプの成形研磨粒子を含む研磨粒子ブレンドを含むことができ、固定研磨物品は、少なくとも約１１インチ３のステンレス鋼寿命を含む。固定研磨物品のステンレス鋼寿命は、本明細書において定義されている標準のステンレス鋼粉砕特性決定試験に従って求められ得る。１つの実施形態において、固定研磨物品は、少なくとも約１１．５インチ３、例えば、少なくとも約１２インチ３のステンレス鋼寿命を有することができる。さらに、別の非限定的な実施形態において、固定研磨物品は、約２５インチ３以下、例えば、約２０インチ３以下のステンレス鋼寿命を有することができる。実施形態による固定研磨物品は、上記に記述した最小および最大値のいずれかの間およびいずれかを含む範囲内のステンレス鋼寿命を有することができることが認識される。 In at least one aspect, a fixed abrasive article according to an embodiment can comprise an abrasive particle blend comprising a first type of shaped abrasive particles and a second type of shaped abrasive particles, wherein the fixed abrasive article is at least about 11 inches 3. Including stainless steel life. The stainless steel life of the fixed abrasive article can be determined according to standard stainless steel grinding characterization tests as defined herein. In one embodiment, the fixed abrasive article can have a stainless steel life of at least about 11.5 inches 3 , eg, at least about 12 inches 3 . Further, in another non-limiting embodiment, the fixed abrasive article can have a stainless steel life of about 25 inches 3 or less, such as about 20 inches 3 or less. It will be appreciated that fixed abrasive articles according to embodiments may have a stainless steel life span within and including any of the minimum and maximum values described above.
別の実施形態によると、研磨粒子ブレンドは、複数の成形研磨粒子を含むことができ、複数の成形研磨粒子は、各々、裏打ちに対して制御された配向で配置されてよい。好適な例示的な制御された配向は、所定の回転配向、所定の横配向、および所定の縦配向の少なくとも１つを含むことができる。少なくとも１つの実施形態において、制御された配向を有する複数の成形研磨粒子は、ブレンドの第１タイプの成形研磨粒子の少なくとも一部、ブレンドの第２タイプの成形研磨粒子の少なくとも一部、およびこれらの組み合わせを含むことができる。より詳細には、制御された配向を有する複数の成形研磨粒子は、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子の全てを含むことができる。なお別の実施形態において、裏打ちに対して制御された配向で配置された複数の成形研磨粒子は、研磨粒子ブレンド内の第２タイプの成形研磨粒子の全てを含んでいてよい。 According to another embodiment, the abrasive particle blend may include a plurality of shaped abrasive particles, each of the plurality of shaped abrasive particles may be disposed in a controlled orientation relative to the backing. Suitable exemplary controlled orientations can include at least one of a predetermined rotational orientation, a predetermined lateral orientation, and a predetermined longitudinal orientation. In at least one embodiment, the plurality of shaped abrasive particles having a controlled orientation are at least a portion of the first type of shaped abrasive particles of the blend, at least a portion of the second type of shaped abrasive particles of the blend, and these Can be included. More specifically, the plurality of shaped abrasive particles having a controlled orientation can include all of the first type of shaped abrasive particles. In yet another embodiment, the plurality of shaped abrasive particles arranged in a controlled orientation relative to the backing may comprise all of the second type of shaped abrasive particles in the abrasive particle blend.
図７は、制御された配向を有する成形研磨粒子を含む被覆研磨物品の一部の上面図を含む。示すように、被覆研磨物品７００は、裏打ち７０１の長さに沿って延在しかつ該長さを定義する縦軸７８０および裏打ち７０１の幅に沿って延在かつ該幅を定義する横軸７８１によって定義され得る裏打ち７０１を含む。実施形態によると、成形研磨粒子７０２は、裏打ち７０１の横軸７８１に対しての特定の第１の横位置および裏打ち７０１の縦軸７８０に対しての第１の縦位置によって定義される第１の所定の位置７１２にあってよい。さらに、成形研磨粒子７０３は、裏打ち７０１の横軸７８１に対しての第２の横位置、および成形研磨粒子７０２の第１の縦位置と実質的に同じである、裏打ち７０１の縦軸７８０に対しての第１の縦位置によって定義される第２の所定の位置７１３を有していてよい。とりわけ、成形研磨粒子７０２および７０３は、裏打ち７０１の横軸７８１に平行な横平面７８４に沿って測定される２つの隣接する成形研磨粒子７０２および７０３間の最小距離として定義される横空間７２１によって互いから離間していてよい。実施形態によると、横空間７２１は、ゼロより大きくてよく、その結果、いくらかの距離が成形研磨粒子７０２および７０３間に存在することとなる。しかし、示されていないが、横空間７２１は、ゼロであって、隣接する成形研磨粒子の部分の間の接触および重複さえも可能にすることができることが認識される。 FIG. 7 includes a top view of a portion of a coated abrasive article that includes shaped abrasive particles having a controlled orientation. As shown, the coated abrasive article 700 includes a longitudinal axis 780 that extends along and defines the length of the backing 701 and a horizontal axis 781 that extends along the width of the backing 701 and defines the width. Includes a backing 701 that may be defined by According to an embodiment, the shaped abrasive particles 702 are defined by a particular first lateral position relative to the transverse axis 781 of the backing 701 and a first longitudinal position relative to the longitudinal axis 780 of the backing 701. At a predetermined position 712. Further, the shaped abrasive particles 703 have a second lateral position relative to the lateral axis 781 of the backing 701 and a longitudinal axis 780 of the backing 701 that is substantially the same as the first longitudinal position of the shaped abrasive particles 702. It may have a second predetermined position 713 defined by a first vertical position with respect to it. In particular, the shaped abrasive particles 702 and 703 are separated by a lateral space 721 defined as the minimum distance between two adjacent shaped abrasive particles 702 and 703 measured along a transverse plane 784 parallel to the transverse axis 781 of the backing 701. They may be separated from each other. According to embodiments, the lateral space 721 may be greater than zero, so that some distance exists between the shaped abrasive particles 702 and 703. However, although not shown, it is recognized that the lateral space 721 can be zero and even allow contact and overlap between adjacent shaped abrasive particle portions.
さらに示すように、被覆研磨物品７００は、裏打ち７０１の縦軸７８０に対しての第２の縦位置によって定義され、また、裏打ち７０１の横軸７８１に平行であって横軸７８４から離間している横平面７８５に対しての第３の横位置によっても定義される第３の所定の位置７１４にある成形研磨粒子７０４を含むことができる。さらに、示すように、縦空間７２３は、成形研磨粒子７０２および７０４間に存在していてよく、縦軸７８０に平行な方向で測定したとき２つの隣接する成形研磨粒子７０２および７０４間の最小距離として定義され得る。実施形態によると、縦空間７２３は、ゼロより大きくてよい。さらに、示されていないが、縦空間７２３は、ゼロであってよく、その結果、隣接する成形研磨粒子が互いに接触またはさらには重複することとなることが認識される。 As further shown, the coated abrasive article 700 is defined by a second longitudinal position relative to the longitudinal axis 780 of the backing 701 and is parallel to the lateral axis 781 of the backing 701 and spaced from the lateral axis 784. A shaped abrasive particle 704 at a third predetermined position 714, which is also defined by a third lateral position relative to the transverse plane 785, can be included. Further, as shown, a longitudinal space 723 may exist between the shaped abrasive particles 702 and 704 and the minimum distance between two adjacent shaped abrasive particles 702 and 704 when measured in a direction parallel to the longitudinal axis 780. Can be defined as According to an embodiment, the vertical space 723 may be larger than zero. Further, although not shown, it will be appreciated that the vertical space 723 may be zero so that adjacent shaped abrasive particles will contact or even overlap each other.
図８Ａは、成形研磨粒子を含む実施形態による研磨物品の一部の上面図を含む。示すように、研磨物品８００は、裏打ち８０１の幅を定義する横軸７８１に対して第１回転配向を有する、第１位置において裏打ち８０１を覆う成形研磨粒子８０２を含むことができる。特に、成形研磨粒子８０２は、横軸７８１に平行な横平面８８４と、成形研磨粒子８０２の寸法との間の第１回転角度によって定義される所定の回転配向を有することができる。とりわけ、成形研磨粒子８０２の寸法への言及として、成形研磨粒子８０２の二等分軸８３１への言及を挙げることができ、かかる二等分軸８３１は、裏打ち８０１に（直接または間接的に）接続される表面（例えば、側方またはエッジ）に沿って成形研磨粒子８０２の中心点８２１を通って延在している。したがって、側方配向に位置付けられた成形研磨粒子に関連して、（例えば、図６を参照されたい）、二等分軸８３１は、中心点８２１を通り、裏打ち８０１の表面に最も近い側方８３３の幅（ｗ）の方向に延在することができる。 FIG. 8A includes a top view of a portion of an abrasive article according to an embodiment including shaped abrasive particles. As shown, the abrasive article 800 can include shaped abrasive particles 802 that cover the backing 801 in a first position, having a first rotational orientation relative to a horizontal axis 781 that defines the width of the backing 801. In particular, the shaped abrasive particles 802 can have a predetermined rotational orientation defined by a first rotational angle between a transverse plane 884 parallel to the transverse axis 781 and the dimensions of the shaped abrasive particles 802. In particular, a reference to the dimensions of the shaped abrasive particles 802 can include a reference to the bisecting axis 831 of the shaped abrasive particles 802, such that the bisecting axis 831 is on the backing 801 (directly or indirectly). Extending through the center point 821 of the shaped abrasive particle 802 along the surface to be connected (eg, side or edge). Thus, in connection with shaped abrasive particles positioned in a lateral orientation (see, eg, FIG. 6), the bisecting axis 831 passes through the center point 821 and is the side closest to the surface of the backing 801. It can extend in the direction of the width (w) of 833.
ある特定の実施形態において、成形研磨粒子８０２の所定の回転配向は、図８Ａの上面から見たとき中心点８２１を通って延在する二等分軸８３１および横平面８８４の間の最小角度を定義する所定の回転角度８４１によって定義され得る。実施形態によると、所定の回転角度８４１、したがって所定の回転配向は、０°であってよい。他の実施形態において、所定の回転配向を定義する所定の回転角度は、より大きく、例えば、少なくとも約２°、少なくとも約５°、少なくとも約１０°、少なくとも約１５°、少なくとも約２０°、少なくとも約２５°、少なくとも約３０°、少なくとも約３５°、少なくとも約４０°、少なくとも約４５°、少なくとも約５０°、少なくとも約５５°、少なくとも約６０°、少なくとも約７０°、少なくとも約８０°、またはさらには少なくとも約８５°であってよい。さらに、回転角度８４１によって定義される所定の回転配向は、約９０°以下、例えば、約８５°以下、約８０°以下、約７５°以下、約７０°以下、約６５°以下、約６０°以下、例えば、約５５°以下、約５０°以下、約４５°以下、約４０°以下、約３５°以下、約３０°以下、約２５°以下、約２０°以下、例えば、約１５°以下、約１０°以下、またはさらには約５°以下であってよい。所定の回転配向は、上記最小および最大角度のいずれかの間の範囲内であってよいことが認識される。 In certain embodiments, the predetermined rotational orientation of the shaped abrasive particles 802 causes the minimum angle between the bisection axis 831 and the transverse plane 884 extending through the center point 821 when viewed from the top surface of FIG. 8A. It can be defined by a predetermined rotation angle 841 to be defined. According to an embodiment, the predetermined rotation angle 841, and thus the predetermined rotational orientation, may be 0 °. In other embodiments, the predetermined rotational angle defining the predetermined rotational orientation is greater, eg, at least about 2 °, at least about 5 °, at least about 10 °, at least about 15 °, at least about 20 °, at least About 25 °, at least about 30 °, at least about 35 °, at least about 40 °, at least about 45 °, at least about 50 °, at least about 55 °, at least about 60 °, at least about 70 °, at least about 80 °, or Furthermore, it may be at least about 85 °. Further, the predetermined rotational orientation defined by the rotation angle 841 is about 90 ° or less, such as about 85 ° or less, about 80 ° or less, about 75 ° or less, about 70 ° or less, about 65 ° or less, about 60 °. For example, about 55 ° or less, about 50 ° or less, about 45 ° or less, about 40 ° or less, about 35 ° or less, about 30 ° or less, about 25 ° or less, about 20 ° or less, for example, about 15 ° or less. , About 10 ° or less, or even about 5 ° or less. It will be appreciated that the predetermined rotational orientation may be within a range between any of the minimum and maximum angles.
図８Ｂは、実施形態による、成形研磨粒子８０２を含む研磨物品８００の一部の斜視図を含む。示すように、研磨物品８００は、成形研磨粒子８０２が裏打ち８０１の幅を定義する横軸７８１に対して第１回転配向を含むように第１位置８１２において裏打ち８０１を覆う成形研磨粒子８０２を含むことができる。成形研磨粒子の所定の配向のある特定のアスペクトは、示すようにｘ、ｙ、ｚ三次元軸を参照することによって記載されてよい。例えば、成形研磨粒子８０２の所定の縦配向は、裏打ち８０１の縦軸７８０に平行に延在するｙ軸に対しての成形研磨粒子８０２の位置を参照することによって記載されてよい。また、成形研磨粒子８０２の所定の横配向は、裏打ち８０１の横軸７８１に平行に延在するｘ軸における成形研磨粒子の位置を参照することによって記載されてよい。さらに、成形研磨粒子８０２の所定の回転配向は、成形研磨粒子８０２の側方８３３の中心点８２１を通って延在する二等分軸８３１を参照して定義されてよい。とりわけ、成形研磨粒子８０２の側方８３３は、裏打ち８０１に直接または間接のいずれかで接続されてよい。特定の実施形態において、二等分軸８３１は、例えば横軸７８１に平行に延在するｘ軸を含む任意の好適な基準軸との角度を形成することができる。成形研磨粒子８０２の所定の回転配向は、ｘ軸と二等分軸８３１との間で形成される回転角度として記載されてよく、回転角度は、角度８４１として図８Ｂにおいて表示されている。とりわけ、研磨物品の裏打ちへの複数の成形研磨粒子の制御された配置は、本明細書に記載されている所定の配向特性の制御を容易にするものであり、当該業界において以前に実施または開発されていなかった大いに関与するプロセスである。 FIG. 8B includes a perspective view of a portion of an abrasive article 800 that includes shaped abrasive particles 802, according to an embodiment. As shown, the abrasive article 800 includes shaped abrasive particles 802 that cover the backing 801 at a first position 812 such that the shaped abrasive particles 802 include a first rotational orientation relative to a transverse axis 781 that defines the width of the backing 801. be able to. Certain aspects of the predetermined orientation of the shaped abrasive particles may be described by reference to the x, y, z three-dimensional axes as shown. For example, the predetermined longitudinal orientation of the shaped abrasive particles 802 may be described by reference to the position of the shaped abrasive particles 802 relative to the y-axis extending parallel to the longitudinal axis 780 of the backing 801. Also, the predetermined lateral orientation of the shaped abrasive particles 802 may be described by reference to the position of the shaped abrasive particles on the x-axis that extends parallel to the transverse axis 781 of the backing 801. Further, the predetermined rotational orientation of the shaped abrasive particles 802 may be defined with reference to a bisecting axis 831 extending through a center point 821 on the side 833 of the shaped abrasive particles 802. In particular, the side 833 of the shaped abrasive particle 802 may be connected to the backing 801 either directly or indirectly. In certain embodiments, bisecting axis 831 can form an angle with any suitable reference axis, including, for example, an x-axis extending parallel to transverse axis 781. The predetermined rotational orientation of the shaped abrasive particle 802 may be described as a rotation angle formed between the x-axis and the bisecting axis 831, which is indicated in FIG. 8B as an angle 841. In particular, the controlled placement of a plurality of shaped abrasive particles on the backing of an abrasive article facilitates control of the predetermined orientation characteristics described herein and has been previously implemented or developed in the industry. It is a process that has been largely uninvolved.
図９は、実施形態による、粉砕方向に対して所定の配向特性を有する成形研磨粒子を含む研磨物品の一部の斜視図を含む。１つの実施形態において、研磨物品９００は、別の成形研磨粒子９０３に対しておよび／または粉砕方向９８５に対して所定の配向を有する成形研磨粒子９０２を含むことができる。粉砕方向９８５は、材料除去操作におけるワークピースに対しての研磨物品の意図する移動方向であってよい。特定の例において、粉砕方向９８５は、裏打ち９０１の寸法に対して定義され得る。例えば、一実施形態において、粉砕方向９８５は、裏打ちの横軸９８１に実質的に垂直であり、また、裏打ち９０１の縦軸９８０に実質的に平行であってよい。成形研磨粒子９０２の所定の配向特性は、成形研磨粒子９０２の、ワークピースとの最初の接触表面を定義し得る。例えば、成形研磨粒子９０２は、主面９６３および９６４、ならびに主面９６３および９６４間に延在し得る側面９６５および９６６を含むことができる。成形研磨粒子９０２の所定の配向特性は、主面９６３が材料除去操作の際に成形研磨粒子９０２の他の表面の前にワークピースと最初に接触をするように構成されるように粒子９０２を位置付けることができる。かかる配向は、粉砕方向９８５に対して主面配向とされてよい。より詳細には、成形研磨粒子９０２は、粉砕方向９８５に対して特定の配向を有する二等分軸９３１を有することができる。例えば、示すように、粉砕方向９８５および二等分軸９３１のベクトルは、互いに対して実質的に垂直である。裏打ちに対して任意の範囲の所定の回転配向が成形研磨粒子に関して予期されているのと同様に、粉砕方向９８５に対して任意の範囲の成形研磨粒子の配向が予期され、利用され得ることが認識される。 FIG. 9 includes a perspective view of a portion of an abrasive article that includes shaped abrasive particles having predetermined orientation characteristics with respect to the grinding direction, according to an embodiment. In one embodiment, the abrasive article 900 can include shaped abrasive particles 902 having a predetermined orientation relative to another shaped abrasive particle 903 and / or relative to the grinding direction 985. The grinding direction 985 may be the intended direction of movement of the abrasive article relative to the workpiece in the material removal operation. In particular examples, the grinding direction 985 can be defined relative to the dimensions of the backing 901. For example, in one embodiment, the grinding direction 985 may be substantially perpendicular to the backing transverse axis 981 and substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis 980 of the backing 901. The predetermined orientation characteristic of the shaped abrasive particles 902 can define the initial contact surface of the shaped abrasive particles 902 with the workpiece. For example, the shaped abrasive particle 902 can include major surfaces 963 and 964 and side surfaces 965 and 966 that can extend between the major surfaces 963 and 964. The predetermined orientation characteristics of the shaped abrasive particles 902 cause the particles 902 to be configured such that the major surface 963 is initially in contact with the workpiece before the other surface of the shaped abrasive particles 902 during the material removal operation. Can be positioned. Such an orientation may be a major surface orientation with respect to the grinding direction 985. More specifically, the shaped abrasive particle 902 can have a bisecting axis 931 having a specific orientation relative to the grinding direction 985. For example, as shown, the vectors of grinding direction 985 and bisecting axis 931 are substantially perpendicular to each other. Just as any range of predetermined rotational orientations for the backing is expected for the shaped abrasive particles, any range of shaped abrasive particle orientations for the grinding direction 985 can be anticipated and utilized. Be recognized.
成形研磨粒子９０３は、成形研磨粒子９０２と比較して１つ以上の異なる所定の配向特性と、粉砕方向９８５とを有することができる。示すように、成形研磨粒子９０３は、主面９９１および９９２を含むことができ、それぞれ、側面９７１および９７２によって接合されていてよい。また、示すように、成形研磨粒子９０３は、粉砕方向９８５のベクトルに対して特定の角度を形成する二等分軸９７３を有することができる。示すように、成形研磨粒子９０３の二等分軸９７３は、二等分軸９７３と粉砕方向９８５との間の角度が本質的に０度であるように粉砕方向９８５と実質的に平行の配向を有することができる。したがって、成形研磨粒子９０３の所定の配向特性は、成形研磨粒子９０３の任意の他の表面の前に側面９７２のワークピースとの最初の接触を容易にする。成形研磨粒子９０３のかかる配向は、粉砕方向９８５に対して側面配向とされてよい。 The shaped abrasive particles 903 can have one or more different predetermined orientation characteristics and a grinding direction 985 compared to the shaped abrasive particles 902. As shown, the shaped abrasive particles 903 can include major surfaces 991 and 992, and can be joined by side surfaces 971 and 972, respectively. Also, as shown, the shaped abrasive particle 903 can have a bisecting axis 973 that forms a specific angle with respect to the vector in the grinding direction 985. As shown, the bisecting axis 973 of the shaped abrasive particle 903 is oriented substantially parallel to the grinding direction 985 so that the angle between the bisecting axis 973 and the grinding direction 985 is essentially 0 degrees. Can have. Thus, the predetermined orientation characteristics of the shaped abrasive particles 903 facilitate initial contact with the workpiece on the side 972 before any other surface of the shaped abrasive particles 903. Such orientation of the shaped abrasive particles 903 may be side orientation with respect to the grinding direction 985.
さらに、１つの非限定的な実施形態において、研磨物品は、裏打ちに対して１つ以上の所定の分布で、粉砕方向で、および／または互いに配置され得る１つ以上の成形研磨粒子群を含むことができることが認識される。例えば、１つ以上の成形研磨粒子群は、本明細書に記載されているように、粉砕方向に対して所定の配向を有することができる。また、本明細書における研磨物品は、１つ以上の成形研磨粒子群を有することができ、それぞれの群が、粉砕方向に対して異なる所定の配向を有している。粉砕方向に対して異なる所定の配向を有する成形研磨粒子群の利用は、研磨物品の性能の改良を容易にすることができる。 Further, in one non-limiting embodiment, the abrasive article comprises one or more shaped abrasive particles that can be arranged in one or more predetermined distributions relative to the backing, in the grinding direction, and / or with each other. It is recognized that it can. For example, one or more groups of shaped abrasive particles can have a predetermined orientation relative to the grinding direction, as described herein. Also, the abrasive article herein can have one or more shaped abrasive particle groups, each group having a different predetermined orientation relative to the grinding direction. The use of shaped abrasive particles having different orientations relative to the direction of grinding can facilitate improved performance of the abrasive article.
図１０は、実施形態による研磨物品の一部の上面図を含む。特に、研磨物品１０００は、複数の成形研磨粒子を含む第１群１００１を含むことができる。示すように、成形研磨粒子は、裏打ち１０１に互いに対して配置されて、所定の分布を定義することができる。より詳細には、所定の分布は、上方から下方に見たときパターン１０２３の形態であってよく、より詳細には、三角形状の二次元配列を定義している。さらに示すように、第１群１００１は、研磨物品１０００に配置されて、裏打ち１０１を覆う所定のマクロ形状１０３１を定義することができる。実施形態によると、マクロ形状１０３１は、上方から下方に見たとき特定の二次元形状を有することができる。いくつかの例示的な二次元形状として、多角形、楕円体、数字、ギリシャアルファベット文字、ラテンアルファベット文字、ロシアアルファベット文字、アラビアアルファベット文字、漢字、複雑形状、不規則形状、デザイン、これらの任意の組み合わせを挙げることができる。特定の例において、特定のマクロ形状を有する群の形成は、研磨物品の性能を改良することができる。 FIG. 10 includes a top view of a portion of an abrasive article according to an embodiment. In particular, the abrasive article 1000 can include a first group 1001 that includes a plurality of shaped abrasive particles. As shown, the shaped abrasive particles can be positioned relative to each other on the backing 101 to define a predetermined distribution. More specifically, the predetermined distribution may be in the form of a pattern 1023 when viewed from above to below, more specifically defining a triangular two-dimensional array. As further shown, the first group 1001 can be defined on the abrasive article 1000 to define a predetermined macro shape 1031 that covers the backing 101. According to the embodiment, the macro shape 1031 can have a specific two-dimensional shape when viewed from above to below. Some exemplary two-dimensional shapes include polygons, ellipsoids, numbers, Greek alphabet letters, Latin alphabet letters, Russian alphabet letters, Arabic alphabet letters, Chinese characters, complex shapes, irregular shapes, designs, any of these Combinations can be mentioned. In certain instances, the formation of a group having a particular macro shape can improve the performance of the abrasive article.
さらに示すように、研磨物品１０００は、互いに対して裏打ち１０１の表面に配置されて所定の分布を定義することができる複数の成形研磨粒子を含む群１００４を含むことができる。とりわけ、所定の分布は、パターン１０２４、より詳細には、略四角形パターンを定義する複数の成形研磨粒子の配置を含むことができる。示すように、群１００４は、研磨物品１０００の表面においてマクロ形状１０３４を定義することができる。１つの実施形態において、群１００４のマクロ形状１０３４は、上方から下方に見たとき例えば多角形を含む二次元形状、より詳細には、上方から下方に見たとき略四角（ダイヤモンド）形状を研磨物品１０００の表面に有することができる。図１０の示されている実施形態において、群１００１は、群１００４のマクロ形状１０３４と実質的に同じであるマクロ形状１０３１を有することができる。しかし、他の実施形態において、種々の異なる群が研磨物品の表面において用いられてよいこと、より詳細には異なる群のそれぞれが互いに対して異なるマクロ形状を有することが認識される。 As further shown, the abrasive article 1000 can include a group 1004 that includes a plurality of shaped abrasive particles that are disposed on the surface of the backing 101 relative to each other and that can define a predetermined distribution. In particular, the predetermined distribution can include an arrangement of a plurality of shaped abrasive particles that define a pattern 1024, and more particularly a substantially square pattern. As shown, group 1004 can define a macro shape 1034 on the surface of abrasive article 1000. In one embodiment, the macro shape 1034 of the group 1004 polishes a two-dimensional shape including, for example, a polygon when viewed from the top down, and more specifically a substantially square (diamond) shape when viewed from the top down. It can have on the surface of the article 1000. In the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 10, the group 1001 can have a macro shape 1031 that is substantially the same as the macro shape 1034 of the group 1004. However, it will be appreciated that in other embodiments, various different groups may be used on the surface of the abrasive article, and more particularly, each of the different groups has a different macro shape relative to each other.
さらに示すように、研磨物品は、群１００１〜１００４間に延在するチャネル領域１０２１および１０２２によって分離され得る群１００１、１００２、１００３、および１００４を含むことができる。特定の例において、チャネル領域１０２１および１０２２は、成形研磨粒子を実質的に含まなくてよい。また、チャネル領域１０２１および１０２２は、群１００１〜１００４間で液体を移動させ、また、研磨物品の削り屑の除去および粉砕性能を改良するように構成されてよい。さらに、ある特定の実施形態において、研磨物品１０００は、群１００１〜１００４間に延在するチャネル領域１０２１および１０２２を含むことができ、チャネル領域１０２１および１０２２は、研磨物品１０００の表面においてパターン化されていてよい。特定の例において、チャネル領域１０２１および１０２２は、研磨物品の表面に沿って延在する規則的かつ繰り返しの特徴配列を表すことができる。 As further shown, the abrasive article can include groups 1001, 1002, 1003, and 1004 that can be separated by channel regions 1021 and 1022 extending between groups 1001-1004. In certain instances, channel regions 1021 and 1022 may be substantially free of shaped abrasive particles. The channel regions 1021 and 1022 may also be configured to move liquid between the groups 1001 to 1004 and to improve the removal and grinding performance of the abrasive article shavings. Further, in certain embodiments, abrasive article 1000 can include channel regions 1021 and 1022 extending between groups 1001-1004, where channel regions 1021 and 1022 are patterned on the surface of abrasive article 1000. It may be. In certain instances, channel regions 1021 and 1022 can represent regular and repeating feature sequences that extend along the surface of the abrasive article.
本明細書における実施形態の固定研磨物品は、種々の材料除去操作において利用され得る。例えば、本明細書における固定研磨物品は、ワークピースに対して固定研磨物品を移動させることによってワークピースから材料を除去する方法において用いられ得る。固定研磨材とワークピースとの間の相対的な移動は、ワークピースの表面からの材料の除去を容易にすることができる。種々のワークピースは、限定されないが、無機材料、有機材料、およびこれらの組み合わせを含むワークピースを含む、本明細書における実施形態の固定研磨物品を用いて改変され得る。特定の実施形態において、ワークピースは、金属、例えば、金属合金を含んでいてよい。１つの特定の例において、ワークピースは、金属または金属合金、例えば、ステンレス鋼から本質的になっていてよい。 The fixed abrasive articles of the embodiments herein can be utilized in various material removal operations. For example, the fixed abrasive article herein can be used in a method of removing material from a workpiece by moving the fixed abrasive article relative to the workpiece. The relative movement between the fixed abrasive and the workpiece can facilitate the removal of material from the surface of the workpiece. The various workpieces can be modified using the fixed abrasive articles of the embodiments herein, including but not limited to workpieces comprising inorganic materials, organic materials, and combinations thereof. In certain embodiments, the workpiece may include a metal, such as a metal alloy. In one particular example, the workpiece may consist essentially of a metal or metal alloy, such as stainless steel.
項１．第１高さ（ｈ１）を含む第１タイプの成形研磨粒子；および
第１高さ未満の第２高さ（ｈ２）を含む第２タイプの成形研磨粒子
を含む研磨粒子ブレンドを含む固定研磨物品。
Item 1. A fixed abrasive article comprising: a first type of shaped abrasive particle comprising a first height (h1); and an abrasive particle blend comprising a second type of shaped abrasive particle comprising a second height (h2) less than the first height. .
項２．約０．９８以下の高さ比（ｈ２／ｈ１）をさらに含み、高さ比（ｈ２／ｈ１）が、約０．９５以下、約０．９３以下、約０．９０以下、約０．８８以下、約０．８５以下または約０．８３以下である、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 2. A height ratio (h2 / h1) of about 0.98 or less, wherein the height ratio (h2 / h1) is about 0.95 or less, about 0.93 or less, about 0.90 or less, about 0.88; The fixed abrasive article according to Item 1, wherein the fixed abrasive article is about 0.85 or less or about 0.83 or less.
項３．高さ比（ｈ２／ｈ１）が、少なくとも約０．０５、少なくとも約０．０８、少なくとも約０．１、少なくとも約０．１２、少なくとも約０．１５、少なくとも約０．１８、少なくとも約０．２、少なくとも約０．２２、少なくとも約０．２５、少なくとも約０．２８、少なくとも約０．３、少なくとも約０．３２、少なくとも約０．３５、少なくとも約０．４、少なくとも約０．４５、少なくとも約０．５、少なくとも約０．５５、少なくとも約０．６または少なくとも約０．６５である、項２に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 3. The height ratio (h2 / h1) is at least about 0.05, at least about 0.08, at least about 0.1, at least about 0.12, at least about 0.15, at least about 0.18, at least about 0.1. 2, at least about 0.22, at least about 0.25, at least about 0.28, at least about 0.3, at least about 0.32, at least about 0.35, at least about 0.4, at least about 0.45, Item 3. The fixed abrasive article of Item 2, wherein the fixed abrasive article is at least about 0.5, at least about 0.55, at least about 0.6, or at least about 0.65.
項４．少なくとも約１μｍの高さ差（ｈ１−ｈ２）をさらに含む、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 4. Item 4. The fixed abrasive article of Item 1, further comprising a height difference (h1-h2) of at least about 1 μm.
項５．高さ差（ｈ１−ｈ２）が、少なくとも約５μｍ、少なくとも約１０μｍ、少なくとも約１５μｍ、少なくとも約２０μｍ、少なくとも約２５μｍ、少なくとも約３０μｍ、少なくとも約３５μｍ、少なくとも約４０μｍ、少なくとも約５０μｍ、少なくとも約６０μｍ、少なくとも約７０μｍまたは少なくとも約８０μｍである、項４に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 5. The height difference (h1-h2) is at least about 5 μm, at least about 10 μm, at least about 15 μm, at least about 20 μm, at least about 25 μm, at least about 30 μm, at least about 35 μm, at least about 40 μm, at least about 50 μm, at least about 60 μm, Item 5. The fixed abrasive article of Item 4, wherein the fixed abrasive article is at least about 70 μm or at least about 80 μm.
項６．高さ差（ｈ１−ｈ２）が、約２ｍｍ以下、約１ｍｍ以下、約８００μｍ以下、または約５００μｍ以下ある、項４に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 6. Item 5. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 4, wherein the height difference (h1-h2) is about 2 mm or less, about 1 mm or less, about 800 μm or less, or about 500 μm or less.
項７．第１タイプの成形研磨粒子が第１長さ（ｌ１）を含み、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子が第２長さ（ｌ２）を含み、少なくとも約０．０５の長さ比（ｌ１／ｌ２）をさらに含む、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 7. The first type of shaped abrasive particles includes a first length (l1), the second type of shaped abrasive particles includes a second length (l2), and a length ratio (l1 / l2) of at least about 0.05. Item 4. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 1, further comprising:
項８．長さ比（ｌ１／ｌ２）が、少なくとも約０．０８、少なくとも約０．１、少なくとも約０．１２、少なくとも約０．１５、少なくとも約０．１８、少なくとも約０．２、少なくとも約０．２２、少なくとも約０．２５、少なくとも約０．２８、少なくとも約０．３、少なくとも約０．３２、少なくとも約０．３５、少なくとも約０．４、少なくとも約０．４５、少なくとも約０．５、少なくとも約０．５５、少なくとも約０．６、少なくとも約０．６５、少なくとも約０．７、少なくとも約０．７５、少なくとも約０．８、少なくとも約０．９または少なくとも約０．９５である、項７に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 8. The length ratio (l1 / l2) is at least about 0.08, at least about 0.1, at least about 0.12, at least about 0.15, at least about 0.18, at least about 0.2, at least about 0. 22, at least about 0.25, at least about 0.28, at least about 0.3, at least about 0.32, at least about 0.35, at least about 0.4, at least about 0.45, at least about 0.5, At least about 0.55, at least about 0.6, at least about 0.65, at least about 0.7, at least about 0.75, at least about 0.8, at least about 0.9, or at least about 0.95, Item 8. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 7.
項９．長さ比（ｌ１／ｌ２）が、約１０以下、約８以下、約６以下、約５以下、約４以下、約３以下、約２以下、約１．８以下、約１．５以下または約１．２以下である、項７に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 9. The length ratio (l1 / l2) is about 10 or less, about 8 or less, about 6 or less, about 5 or less, about 4 or less, about 3 or less, about 2 or less, about 1.8 or less, about 1.5 or less or Item 8. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 7, which is about 1.2 or less.
項１０．約２ｍｍ以下、約１ｍｍ以下、約８００μｍ以下、約５００μｍ以下、約３００μｍ以下、約１００μｍ以下または約５０μｍ以下の長さ差（Ｌ１−ｌ２）をさらに含む、項７に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 10. Item 8. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 7, further comprising a length difference (L1-l2) of about 2 mm or less, about 1 mm or less, about 800 μm or less, about 500 μm or less, about 300 μm or less, about 100 μm or less, or about 50 μm or less.
項１１．長さ差（Ｌ１−ｌ２）が、少なくとも約１μｍ、少なくとも約５μｍ、または少なくとも約１０μｍであってよい、項１０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 11. Item 11. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 10, wherein the length difference (L1-l2) may be at least about 1 μm, at least about 5 μm, or at least about 10 μm.
項１２．第１タイプの成形研磨粒子が第１幅（ｗ１）を含み、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子が第２幅（ｗ２）を含み、少なくとも約０．０５の幅比（ｗ２／ｗ１）をさらに含む、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 12. The first type of shaped abrasive particles includes a first width (w1), the second type of shaped abrasive particles includes a second width (w2), and further includes a width ratio (w2 / w1) of at least about 0.05. Item 2. The fixed abrasive article according to item 1.
項１３．幅比（ｗ２／ｗ１）が、少なくとも約０．０８、少なくとも約０．１、少なくとも約０．１２、少なくとも約０．１５、少なくとも約０．１８、少なくとも約０．２、少なくとも約０．２２、少なくとも約０．２５、少なくとも約０．２８、少なくとも約０．３、少なくとも約０．３２、少なくとも約０．３５、少なくとも約０．４、少なくとも約０．４５、少なくとも約０．５、少なくとも約０．５５、少なくとも約０．６、少なくとも約０．６５、少なくとも約０．７、少なくとも約０．７５、少なくとも約０．８、少なくとも約０．９または少なくとも約０．９５である、項１２に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 13. The width ratio (w2 / w1) is at least about 0.08, at least about 0.1, at least about 0.12, at least about 0.15, at least about 0.18, at least about 0.2, at least about 0.22. At least about 0.25, at least about 0.28, at least about 0.3, at least about 0.32, at least about 0.35, at least about 0.4, at least about 0.45, at least about 0.5, at least A term that is about 0.55, at least about 0.6, at least about 0.65, at least about 0.7, at least about 0.75, at least about 0.8, at least about 0.9, or at least about 0.95. The fixed abrasive article according to 12.
項１４．幅比（ｗ２／ｗ１）が、約１０以下、約８以下、約６以下、約５以下、約４以下、約３以下、約２以下、約１．８以下、約１．５以下または約１．２以下である、項１２に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 14. The width ratio (w2 / w1) is about 10 or less, about 8 or less, about 6 or less, about 5 or less, about 4 or less, about 3 or less, about 2 or less, about 1.8 or less, about 1.5 or less, or about Item 13. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 12, which is 1.2 or less.
項１５．約２ｍｍ以下、約１ｍｍ以下、約８００μｍ以下、約５００μｍ以下、約３００μｍ以下、約１００μｍ以下または約５０μｍ以下の幅差（ｗ１−ｗ２）をさらに含む、項１２に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 15. Item 13. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 12, further comprising a width difference (w1-w2) of about 2 mm or less, about 1 mm or less, about 800 μm or less, about 500 μm or less, about 300 μm or less, about 100 μm or less, or about 50 μm or less.
項１６．幅差（ｗ１−ｗ２）が、少なくとも約１μｍ、少なくとも約５μｍまたは少なくとも約１０μｍであってよい、項１５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 16. Item 16. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 15, wherein the width difference (w1-w2) may be at least about 1 μm, at least about 5 μm, or at least about 10 μm.
項１７．第１含量が第２含量より少ない、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 17. Item 2. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 1, wherein the first content is less than the second content.
項１８．第１含量が、ブレンドの全含量の約９０％以下、約８５％以下、約８０％以下、約７５％以下、約７０％以下、約６５％以下、約６０％以下、約５５％以下、約５０％以下、約４５％以下、約４０％以下、約３５％以下、約３０％以下、約２５％以下、約２０％以下、約１５％以下、約１０％以下または約５％以下である、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 18. About 90% or less, about 85% or less, about 80% or less, about 75% or less, about 70% or less, about 65% or less, about 60% or less, about 55% or less of the total content of the blend; About 50% or less, about 45% or less, about 40% or less, about 35% or less, about 30% or less, about 25% or less, about 20% or less, about 15% or less, about 10% or less, or about 5% or less Item 2. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 1.
項１９．第１含量が、ブレンドの全含量の少なくとも約１％、少なくとも約５％、少なくとも約１０％、少なくとも約１５％、少なくとも約２０％、少なくとも約２５％、少なくとも約３０％、少なくとも約３５％、少なくとも約４０％、少なくとも約４５％、少なくとも約５０％、少なくとも約５５％、少なくとも約６０％、少なくとも約６５％、少なくとも約７０％、少なくとも約７５％、少なくとも約８０％、少なくとも約８５％、少なくとも約９０％または少なくとも約９５％である、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 19. The first content is at least about 1%, at least about 5%, at least about 10%, at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, at least about 35% of the total content of the blend; At least about 40%, at least about 45%, at least about 50%, at least about 55%, at least about 60%, at least about 65%, at least about 70%, at least about 75%, at least about 80%, at least about 85%, Item 4. The fixed abrasive article of Item 1, wherein the fixed abrasive article is at least about 90% or at least about 95%.
項２０．第２含量が、ブレンドの全含量の約９８％以下、約９５％以下、約９０％以下、約８５％以下、約８０％以下、約７５％以下、約７０％以下、約６５％以下、約６０％以下、約５５％以下、約５０％以下、約４５％以下、約４０％以下、約３５％以下、約３０％以下、約２５％以下、約２０％以下、約１５％以下、約１０％以下または約５％以下である、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 20. The second content is about 98% or less, about 95% or less, about 90% or less, about 85% or less, about 80% or less, about 75% or less, about 70% or less, about 65% or less of the total content of the blend; About 60% or less, about 55% or less, about 50% or less, about 45% or less, about 40% or less, about 35% or less, about 30% or less, about 25% or less, about 20% or less, about 15% or less, Item 5. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 1, wherein the fixed abrasive article is about 10% or less or about 5% or less.
項２１．第２含量が、ブレンドの全含量の少なくとも約１％、少なくとも約５％、少なくとも約１０％、少なくとも約１５％、少なくとも約２０％、少なくとも約２５％、少なくとも約３０％、少なくとも約３５％、少なくとも約４０％、少なくとも約４５％、少なくとも約５０％、少なくとも約５５％、少なくとも約６０％、少なくとも約６５％、少なくとも約７０％、少なくとも約７５％、少なくとも約８０％、少なくとも約８５％、少なくとも約９０％または少なくとも約９５％である、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 21. The second content is at least about 1%, at least about 5%, at least about 10%, at least about 15%, at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, at least about 35% of the total content of the blend; At least about 40%, at least about 45%, at least about 50%, at least about 55%, at least about 60%, at least about 65%, at least about 70%, at least about 75%, at least about 80%, at least about 85%, Item 4. The fixed abrasive article of Item 1, wherein the fixed abrasive article is at least about 90% or at least about 95%.
項２２．研磨粒子ブレンドが、第１含量（Ｃ１）の第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第２含量（Ｃ２）の第２タイプの成形研磨粒子を含み、約１０以下のブレンド比（Ｃ１／Ｃ２）をさらに含む、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 22. The abrasive particle blend comprises a first content (C1) of the first type of shaped abrasive particles and a second content (C2) of the second type of shaped abrasive particles, and further has a blend ratio (C1 / C2) of about 10 or less Item 4. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 1.
項２３．ブレンド比（Ｃ１／Ｃ２）が、約８以下、約６以下、約５以下、約４以下、約３以下、約２以下、約１．８以下、約１．５以下、約１．２以下、約１以下、約０．９以下、約０．８以下、約０．７以下、約０．６以下、約０．５以下、約０．４以下、約０．３以下または約０．２以下である、項２２に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 23. Blend ratio (C1 / C2) is about 8 or less, about 6 or less, about 5 or less, about 4 or less, about 3 or less, about 2 or less, about 1.8 or less, about 1.5 or less, about 1.2 or less About 1 or less, about 0.9 or less, about 0.8 or less, about 0.7 or less, about 0.6 or less, about 0.5 or less, about 0.4 or less, about 0.3 or less, or about 0. Item 23. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 22, which is 2 or less.
項２４．ブレンド比（Ｃ１／Ｃ２）が、少なくとも約０．１、少なくとも約０．１５、少なくとも約０．２、少なくとも約０．２２、少なくとも約０．２５、少なくとも約０．２８、少なくとも約０．３、少なくとも約０．３２、少なくとも約０．３５、少なくとも約０．４、少なくとも約０．４５、少なくとも約０．５、少なくとも約０．５５、少なくとも約０．６、少なくとも約０．６５、少なくとも約０．７、少なくとも約０．７５、少なくとも約０．８、少なくとも約０．９、少なくとも約０．９５、少なくとも約１、少なくとも約１．５、少なくとも約２、少なくとも約３、少なくとも約４または少なくとも約５である、項２２に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 24. The blend ratio (C1 / C2) is at least about 0.1, at least about 0.15, at least about 0.2, at least about 0.22, at least about 0.25, at least about 0.28, at least about 0.3. At least about 0.32, at least about 0.35, at least about 0.4, at least about 0.45, at least about 0.5, at least about 0.55, at least about 0.6, at least about 0.65, at least About 0.7, at least about 0.75, at least about 0.8, at least about 0.9, at least about 0.95, at least about 1, at least about 1.5, at least about 2, at least about 3, at least about 4 Item 23. The fixed abrasive article of Item 22, wherein the fixed abrasive article is at least about 5.
項２５．研磨粒子ブレンドが、主含量の成形研磨粒子を含む、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 25. Item 2. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 1, wherein the abrasive particle blend comprises a major content of shaped abrasive particles.
項２６．研磨粒子ブレンドが、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第２タイプの成形研磨粒子から本質的になる、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 26. Item 2. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 1, wherein the abrasive particle blend consists essentially of a first type of shaped abrasive particles and a second type of shaped abrasive particles.
項２７．ブレンドが第３タイプの研磨粒子をさらに含み、第３タイプの研磨粒子が成形研磨粒子を含み、第３タイプの研磨粒子が希釈剤タイプの研磨粒子を含み、希釈剤タイプの研磨粒子が不規則形状を含む、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 27. The blend further comprises a third type of abrasive particles, the third type of abrasive particles comprises shaped abrasive particles, the third type of abrasive particles comprises diluent type abrasive particles, and the diluent type abrasive particles are irregular Item 2. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 1, comprising a shape.
項２８．固定研磨物品が、接着研磨物品、被覆研磨物品、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 28. Item 2. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 1, wherein the fixed abrasive article is selected from the group consisting of an adhesive abrasive article, a coated abrasive article, and combinations thereof.
項２９．固定研磨物品が基材を含み、基材が裏打ちを含み、裏打ちが織布材料を含み、裏打ちが不織布材料を含み、裏打ちが有機材料を含み、裏打ちがポリマーを含み、裏打ちが、布、紙、フィルム、織物、フリース織物、バルカナイズドファイバ、織布材料、不織布材料、ウェビング、ポリマー、樹脂、フェノール樹脂、フェノール−ラテックス樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、尿素ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン、ポリプロピレン、ポリイミド、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される材料を含む、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 29. The fixed abrasive article comprises a substrate, the substrate comprises a backing, the backing comprises a woven material, the backing comprises a nonwoven material, the backing comprises an organic material, the backing comprises a polymer, the backing comprises a cloth, paper , Film, fabric, fleece fabric, vulcanized fiber, woven fabric material, nonwoven fabric material, webbing, polymer, resin, phenolic resin, phenol-latex resin, epoxy resin, polyester resin, urea formaldehyde resin, polyester, polyurethane, polypropylene, polyimide, Item 2. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 1, comprising a material selected from the group consisting of a combination thereof.
項３０．裏打ちが、触媒、カップリング剤、硬化剤、帯電防止剤、懸濁剤、抗負荷剤、潤滑剤、湿潤剤、染料、フィラー、粘度調整剤、分散剤、消泡剤、および粉砕剤からなる群から選択される添加剤を含む、項２９に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 30. The backing consists of catalyst, coupling agent, curing agent, antistatic agent, suspending agent, anti-loading agent, lubricant, wetting agent, dye, filler, viscosity modifier, dispersant, antifoaming agent, and grinding agent Item 30. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 29, comprising an additive selected from the group.
項３１．裏打ちを覆う接着層をさらに含み、接着層がメイクコートを含み、メイクコートが裏打ちを覆い、メイクコートが裏打ちの一部に直接接着され、メイクコートが有機材料を含み、メイクコートがポリマー材料を含み、メイクコートが、ポリエステル、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、ポリアクリレート、ポリメタクリレート、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエチレン、ポリシロキサン、シリコーン、セルロースアセテート、ニトロセルロース、天然ゴム、デンプン、セラック、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される材料を含む、項２９に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 31. It further includes an adhesive layer covering the backing, the adhesive layer includes a make coat, the make coat covers the backing, the make coat is adhered directly to a portion of the backing, the make coat includes an organic material, and the make coat includes a polymeric material. Including, a make coat from polyester, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyamide, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polysiloxane, silicone, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, natural rubber, starch, shellac, and combinations thereof Item 30. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 29, comprising a material selected from the group consisting of:
項３２．接着層がサイズコートを含み、サイズコートが複数の成形研磨粒子の一部を覆い、サイズコートがメイクコートを覆い、サイズコートが複数の成形研磨粒子の一部に直接接着され、サイズコートが有機材料を含み、サイズコートがポリマー材料を含み、サイズコートが、ポリエステル、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、ポリアクリレート、ポリメタクリレート、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエチレン、ポリシロキサン、シリコーン、セルロースアセテート、ニトロセルロース、天然ゴム、デンプン、セラック、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される材料を含む、項３１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 32. The adhesive layer includes a size coat, the size coat covers a portion of the plurality of shaped abrasive particles, the size coat covers the make coat, the size coat is directly adhered to a portion of the plurality of shaped abrasive particles, and the size coat is organic Contains material, size coat contains polymer material, size coat is polyester, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyamide, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polysiloxane, silicone, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, natural rubber Item 32. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 31, comprising a material selected from the group consisting of: starch, shellac, and combinations thereof.
項３３．研磨粒子ブレンドが複数の成形研磨粒子を含み、複数の成形研磨粒子の各成形研磨粒子が、裏打ちに対して制御された配向に配置されており、制御された配向が、所定の回転配向、所定の横配向、および所定の縦配向の少なくとも１つを含んでいる、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 33. The abrasive particle blend includes a plurality of shaped abrasive particles, each shaped abrasive particle of the plurality of shaped abrasive particles is disposed in a controlled orientation relative to the backing, the controlled orientation being a predetermined rotational orientation, a predetermined orientation Item 5. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 1, comprising at least one of the following horizontal orientation and a predetermined longitudinal orientation.
項３４．複数の成形研磨粒子が、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子の少なくとも一部を含み、複数の成形研磨粒子が、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子の全てを含む、項３３に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 34. Item 34. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 33, wherein the plurality of shaped abrasive particles include at least part of the first type of shaped abrasive particles, and the plurality of shaped abrasive particles include all of the first type of shaped abrasive particles.
項３５．複数の成形研磨粒子が、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子の少なくとも一部を含み、複数の成形研磨粒子が、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子の全てを含む、項３３に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 35. Item 34. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 33, wherein the plurality of shaped abrasive particles include at least part of the second type of shaped abrasive particles, and the plurality of shaped abrasive particles include all of the second type of shaped abrasive particles.
項３６．第１タイプの研磨粒子の大部分が、側方配向で裏打ちに結合されており、複数の成形研磨粒子の成形研磨粒子の少なくとも約５５％、少なくとも約６０％、少なくとも約６５％、少なくとも約７０％、少なくとも約７５％、少なくとも約７７％または少なくとも約８０％、かつ約９９％以下、約９５％以下、約９０％以下または約８５％以下が、側方配向で裏打ちに結合されている、項３３に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 36. A majority of the first type of abrasive particles are bonded to the backing in a lateral orientation and are at least about 55%, at least about 60%, at least about 65%, at least about 70% of the shaped abrasive particles of the plurality of shaped abrasive particles. %, At least about 75%, at least about 77% or at least about 80%, and not more than about 99%, not more than about 95%, not more than about 90% or not more than about 85% are bonded to the backing in a lateral orientation, Item 34. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 33.
項３７．第２タイプの研磨粒子の大部分が、側方配向で裏打ちに結合されており、複数の成形研磨粒子の成形研磨粒子の少なくとも約５５％、少なくとも約６０％、少なくとも約６５％、少なくとも約７０％、少なくとも約７５％、少なくとも約７７％または少なくとも約８０％、かつ約９９％以下、約９５％以下、約９０％以下または約８５％以下が、側方配向で裏打ちに結合されている、項３３に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 37. A majority of the second type of abrasive particles are bonded to the backing in a lateral orientation and are at least about 55%, at least about 60%, at least about 65%, at least about 70% of the shaped abrasive particles of the plurality of shaped abrasive particles. %, At least about 75%, at least about 77% or at least about 80%, and not more than about 99%, not more than about 95%, not more than about 90% or not more than about 85% are bonded to the backing in a lateral orientation, Item 34. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 33.
項３８．固定研磨物品が、裏打ちにおいて成形研磨粒子のブレンドのオープンコートを有する被覆研磨物品を含み、オープンコートが、約７０粒子／ｃｍ２以下、約６５粒子／ｃｍ２以下、約６０粒子／ｃｍ２以下、約５５粒子／ｃｍ２以下または約５０粒子／ｃｍ２以下、かつ少なくとも約５粒子／ｃｍ２または少なくとも約１０粒子／ｃｍ２の被覆密度を含む、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 38. The fixed abrasive article comprises a coated abrasive article having an open coat of a blend of shaped abrasive particles in the backing, wherein the open coat is about 70 particles / cm 2 or less, about 65 particles / cm 2 or less, about 60 particles / cm 2 or less. Item 5. The fixed abrasive article of Item 1, comprising a coating density of about 55 particles / cm 2 or less, or about 50 particles / cm 2 or less, and at least about 5 particles / cm 2 or at least about 10 particles / cm 2 .
項３９．固定研磨物品が、裏打ちにおいて成形研磨粒子のブレンドのクローズドコートを有する被覆研磨物品を含み、クローズドコートが、少なくとも約７５粒子／ｃｍ２、少なくとも約８０粒子／ｃｍ２、少なくとも約８５粒子／ｃｍ２、少なくとも約９０粒子／ｃｍ２または少なくとも約１００粒子／ｃｍ２の被覆密度を含む、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 39. The fixed abrasive article comprises a coated abrasive article having a closed coat of a blend of shaped abrasive particles on the backing, the closed coat being at least about 75 particles / cm 2 , at least about 80 particles / cm 2 , at least about 85 particles / cm 2. Item 5. The fixed abrasive article of Item 1, comprising a coating density of at least about 90 particles / cm 2 or at least about 100 particles / cm 2 .
項４０．第１タイプの成形研磨粒子が、長さ（ｌ）、幅（ｗ）、および高さ（ｈｉ）を有する本体を含み、幅≧長さ、長さ≧高さ、かつ幅≧高さである、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 40. The first type of shaped abrasive particles includes a body having a length (l), a width (w), and a height (hi), where width ≧ length, length ≧ height, and width ≧ height Item 2. The fixed abrasive article according to item 1.
項４１．高さ（ｈ）が、幅（ｗ）の少なくとも約２０％、少なくとも約２５％、少なくとも約３０％または少なくとも約３３％であり、かつ幅の約８０％以下、約７６％以下、約７３％以下、約７０％以下、約６８％以下、約５６％以下、約４８％以下、または約４０％以下である、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 41. The height (h) is at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, or at least about 33% of the width (w) and not more than about 80%, not more than about 76%, not more than about 73% of the width Item 41. The fixed abrasive article of Item 40, wherein the fixed abrasive article is about 70% or less, about 68% or less, about 56% or less, about 48% or less, or about 40% or less.
項４２．高さ（ｈ）が、少なくとも約４００μｍ、少なくとも約４５０μｍ、少なくとも約４７５μｍまたは少なくとも約５００μｍであり、かつ約３ｍｍ以下、約２ｍｍ以下、約１．５ｍｍ以下、約１ｍｍ以下、または約８００μｍ以下である、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 42. The height (h) is at least about 400 μm, at least about 450 μm, at least about 475 μm, or at least about 500 μm, and not more than about 3 mm, not more than about 2 mm, not more than about 1.5 mm, not more than about 1 mm, or not more than about 800 μm Item 41. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 40.
項４３．幅が、少なくとも約６００μｍ、少なくとも約７００μｍ、少なくとも約８００μｍまたは少なくとも約９００μｍであり、かつ約４ｍｍ以下、約３ｍｍ以下、約２．５ｍｍ以下、または約２ｍｍ以下である、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 43. 41. The fixed polish of clause 40, wherein the width is at least about 600 μm, at least about 700 μm, at least about 800 μm, or at least about 900 μm, and is about 4 mm or less, about 3 mm or less, about 2.5 mm or less, or about 2 mm or less. Goods.
項４４．本体が、少なくとも約１％、例えば、少なくとも約２％、少なくとも約３％、少なくとも約５％、少なくとも約８％、少なくとも約１０％、少なくとも約１２％、少なくとも約１５％、少なくとも約１８％または少なくとも約２０％、かつ約４０％以下、約３５％以下、約３０％以下、約２５％以下、約２０％以下、約１８％以下、約１５％以下、約１２％以下、約１０％以下、約８％以下、約６％以下または約４％以下のパーセントフラッシングを含む、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 44. The body is at least about 1%, such as at least about 2%, at least about 3%, at least about 5%, at least about 8%, at least about 10%, at least about 12%, at least about 15%, at least about 18% or At least about 20%, about 40% or less, about 35% or less, about 30% or less, about 25% or less, about 20% or less, about 18% or less, about 15% or less, about 12% or less, about 10% or less 41. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 40, comprising a percent flushing of about 8% or less, about 6% or less, or about 4% or less.
項４５．本体が、約２以下、約１．９以下、約１．８以下、約１．７以下、約１．６以下、約１．５以下または約１．２以下、かつ少なくとも約０．９または少なくとも約１．０の凹み値（ｄ）を含む、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 45. About 2 or less, about 1.9 or less, about 1.8 or less, about 1.7 or less, about 1.6 or less, about 1.5 or less or about 1.2 or less, and at least about 0.9 or Item 41. The fixed abrasive article of Item 40, comprising a dent value (d) of at least about 1.0.
項４６．本体が、少なくとも約１：１かつ約１０：１以下の範囲内の幅：長さの一次アスペクト比を含む、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 46. 41. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 40, wherein the body comprises a primary aspect ratio of width: length of at least about 1: 1 and no greater than about 10: 1.
項４７．本体が、約５：１と約１：１との間の範囲内の幅：高さの比によって定義される二次アスペクト比を含む、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 47. 41. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 40, wherein the body comprises a secondary aspect ratio defined by a width: height ratio in a range between about 5: 1 and about 1: 1.
項４８．本体が、約６：１と約１：１との間の範囲内の長さ：高さの比によって定義される三次アスペクト比を含む、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 48. 41. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 40, wherein the body includes a tertiary aspect ratio defined by a length: height ratio in a range between about 6: 1 and about 1: 1.
項４９．本体が、長さおよび幅によって定義される平面において見たときに二次元の多角形を含み、本体が、三角形、四角形、矩形、台形、五角形、六角形、七角形、八角形、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される形状を含み、本体が、楕円体、ギリシャアルファベット文字、ラテンアルファベット文字、ロシアアルファベット文字、複雑な多角形、不規則形状、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、本体の長さおよび幅によって定義される平面において見たときの二次元形状を含む、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 49. The body includes a two-dimensional polygon when viewed in a plane defined by length and width, and the body is triangular, quadrangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, pentagonal, hexagonal, heptagonal, octagonal, and Including a shape selected from the group consisting of combinations, and the body is selected from the group consisting of ellipsoids, Greek alphabet characters, Latin alphabet characters, Russian alphabet characters, complex polygons, irregular shapes, and combinations thereof Item 41. The fixed abrasive article of Item 40, comprising a two-dimensional shape when viewed in a plane defined by the length and width of the body.
項５０．本体が、長さおよび幅によって定義される平面において見たときに二次元の三角形状を含む、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 50. Item 41. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 40, wherein the body comprises a two-dimensional triangular shape when viewed in a plane defined by length and width.
項５１．本体がバインダを本質的に含まず、本体が有機材料を本質的に含まない、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 51. Item 41. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 40, wherein the body is essentially free of binder and the body is essentially free of organic material.
項５２．本体が多結晶材料を含み、多結晶材料が顆粒を含み、顆粒が、窒化物、酸化物、炭化物、ホウ化物、酸窒化物、ダイヤモンド、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる材料群から選択され、顆粒が、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化チタン、酸化イットリウム、酸化クロム、酸化ストロンチウム、酸化ケイ素、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる酸化物群から選択される酸化物を含み、顆粒がアルミナを含み、顆粒がアルミナから本質的になる、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 52. The body includes a polycrystalline material, the polycrystalline material includes granules, and the granules are selected from a group of materials consisting of nitrides, oxides, carbides, borides, oxynitrides, diamonds, and combinations thereof, wherein the granules , Aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, yttrium oxide, chromium oxide, strontium oxide, silicon oxide, and oxides selected from a combination thereof, the granules include alumina, and the granules include alumina Item 41. The fixed abrasive article of Item 40, consisting essentially of.
項５３．本体がアルミナから本質的になる、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 53. Item 41. The fixed abrasive article of Item 40, wherein the main body consists essentially of alumina.
項５４．本体が種添加ゾルゲルから形成される、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 54. Item 41. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 40, wherein the main body is formed from a seed-added sol-gel.
項５５．本体が、約１μｍ以下の平均顆粒サイズを有する多結晶材料を含む、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 55. Item 41. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 40, wherein the body comprises a polycrystalline material having an average granule size of about 1 μm or less.
項５６．本体が、少なくとも約２つの異なるタイプの顆粒を含む複合体である、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 56. Item 41. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 40, wherein the body is a composite comprising at least about two different types of granules.
項５７．本体が添加剤を含み、添加剤が酸化物を含み、添加剤が金属元素を含み、添加剤が希土類元素を含む、項４０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 57. Item 41. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 40, wherein the main body includes an additive, the additive includes an oxide, the additive includes a metal element, and the additive includes a rare earth element.
項５８．添加剤がドーパント材料を含み、ドーパント材料が、アルカリ元素、アルカリ土類元素、希土類元素、遷移金属元素、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される元素を含み、ドーパント材料が、ハフニウム、ジルコニウム、ニオブ、タンタル、モリブデン、バナジウム、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、スカンジウム、イットリウム、ランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム、クロム、コバルト、鉄、ゲルマニウム、マンガン、ニッケル、チタン、亜鉛、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される元素を含む、項５７に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 58. The additive includes a dopant material, the dopant material includes an element selected from the group consisting of an alkali element, an alkaline earth element, a rare earth element, a transition metal element, and combinations thereof, and the dopant material is hafnium, zirconium, Niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, chromium, cobalt, iron, germanium, manganese, nickel, titanium, zinc, and these Item 58. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 57, comprising an element selected from the group consisting of:
項５９．第１タイプの成形研磨粒子が、第１主面、第２主面、および第１主面と第２主面との間で延在する少なくとも１つの側面を有する本体を含む、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 59. Item 1. The shaped abrasive particle of the first type includes a body having a first major surface, a second major surface, and at least one side surface extending between the first major surface and the second major surface. Fixed abrasive article.
項６０．第１主面が、第２主面と異なる面積を定義し、第１主面が、第２主面によって定義される面積より大きい面積を定義し、第１主面が、第２主面によって定義される面積より小さい面積を定義する、項５９に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 60. The first principal surface defines an area different from the second principal surface, the first principal surface defines an area larger than the area defined by the second principal surface, and the first principal surface is defined by the second principal surface. 60. A fixed abrasive article according to item 59, wherein the fixed abrasive article defines an area smaller than the defined area.
項６１．第１タイプの成形研磨粒子が、二次元形状、平均粒径、粒子の色、硬度、摩損度、靱性、密度、比表面積、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される第１研磨材特性を含む、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 61. The first type of shaped abrasive particles has a first abrasive property selected from the group consisting of two-dimensional shape, average particle size, particle color, hardness, friability, toughness, density, specific surface area, and combinations thereof. Item 4. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 1.
項６２．第２タイプの成形研磨粒子が、二次元形状、平均粒径、粒子の色、硬度、摩損度、靱性、密度、比表面積、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される第２研磨材特性を含む、項６１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 62. The second type of shaped abrasive particles has a second abrasive property selected from the group consisting of two-dimensional shape, average particle size, particle color, hardness, friability, toughness, density, specific surface area, and combinations thereof. Item 62. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 61.
項６３．少なくとも１つの第１研磨材特性および第２研磨材特性が、互いに比較して本質的に同じであり、少なくとも２つの第１研磨材特性および２つの第２研磨材特性が、互いと比較して本質的に同じである、項６２に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 63. The at least one first abrasive property and the second abrasive property are essentially the same compared to each other, and the at least two first abrasive properties and the two second abrasive properties are compared to each other. Item 63. The fixed abrasive article of Item 62, which is essentially the same.
項６４．少なくとも１つの第１研磨材特性および１つの第２研磨材特性が、互いと比較して異なっており、少なくとも２つの第１研磨材特性および２つの第２研磨材特性が、互いと比較して異なっている、項６２に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 64. At least one first abrasive property and one second abrasive property are different compared to each other, and at least two first abrasive properties and two second abrasive properties are compared to each other. Item 63. The fixed abrasive article of Item 62, wherein the items are different.
項６５．第２タイプの成形研磨粒子が、長さ（ｌ）、幅（ｗ）、および高さ（ｈｉ）を有する本体を含み、幅＞長さ、長さ＞高さ、かつ幅＞高さである、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 65. A second type of shaped abrasive particles includes a body having a length (l), a width (w), and a height (hi), where width> length, length> height, and width> height. Item 2. The fixed abrasive article according to item 1.
項６６．高さ（ｈ）が、幅（ｗ）の少なくとも約２０％、少なくとも約２５％、少なくとも約３０％または少なくとも約３３％であり、かつ幅の約８０％以下、約７６％以下、約７３％以下、約７０％以下、約６８％以下、約５６％以下、約４８％以下、または約４０％以下である、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 66. The height (h) is at least about 20%, at least about 25%, at least about 30%, or at least about 33% of the width (w) and not more than about 80%, not more than about 76%, not more than about 73% of the width Item 66. The fixed abrasive article of Item 65, wherein the fixed abrasive article is about 70% or less, about 68% or less, about 56% or less, about 48% or less, or about 40% or less.
項６７．高さ（ｈ）が、少なくとも約４００μｍ、少なくとも約４５０μｍ、少なくとも約４７５μｍまたは少なくとも約５００μｍであり、かつ約３ｍｍ以下、約２ｍｍ以下、約１．５ｍｍ以下、約１ｍｍ以下または約８００μｍ以下である、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 67. The height (h) is at least about 400 μm, at least about 450 μm, at least about 475 μm or at least about 500 μm, and not more than about 3 mm, not more than about 2 mm, not more than about 1.5 mm, not more than about 1 mm, or not more than about 800 μm, Item 65. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 65.
項６８．幅が、少なくとも約６００μｍ、少なくとも約７００μｍ、少なくとも約８００μｍまたは少なくとも約９００μｍであり、かつ約４ｍｍ以下、約３ｍｍ以下、約２．５ｍｍ以下、または約２ｍｍ以下である、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 68. The fixed polish of clause 65, wherein the width is at least about 600 μm, at least about 700 μm, at least about 800 μm, or at least about 900 μm, and not more than about 4 mm, not more than about 3 mm, not more than about 2.5 mm, or not more than about 2 mm. Goods.
項６９．本体が、少なくとも約１％、例えば、少なくとも約２％、少なくとも約３％、少なくとも約５％、少なくとも約８％、少なくとも約１０％、少なくとも約１２％、少なくとも約１５％、少なくとも約１８％または少なくとも約２０％、かつ約４０％以下、約３５％以下、約３０％以下、約２５％以下、約２０％以下、約１８％以下、約１５％以下、約１２％以下、約１０％以下、約８％以下、約６％以下または約４％以下のパーセントフラッシングを含む、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 69. The body is at least about 1%, such as at least about 2%, at least about 3%, at least about 5%, at least about 8%, at least about 10%, at least about 12%, at least about 15%, at least about 18% or At least about 20%, about 40% or less, about 35% or less, about 30% or less, about 25% or less, about 20% or less, about 18% or less, about 15% or less, about 12% or less, about 10% or less 68. The fixed abrasive article of clause 65, comprising a percent flushing of about 8% or less, about 6% or less, or about 4% or less.
項７０．本体が、約２以下、約１．９以下、約１．８以下、約１．７以下、約１．６以下、約１．５以下または約１．２以下、かつ少なくとも約０．９または少なくとも約１．０の凹み値（ｄ）を含む、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 70. About 2 or less, about 1.9 or less, about 1.8 or less, about 1.7 or less, about 1.6 or less, about 1.5 or less or about 1.2 or less, and at least about 0.9 or The fixed abrasive article according to clause 65, comprising a dent value (d) of at least about 1.0.
項７１．本体が、少なくとも約１：１かつ約１０：１以下の範囲内の幅：長さの一次アスペクト比を含む、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 71. The fixed abrasive article according to clause 65, wherein the body includes a primary aspect ratio of width: length of at least about 1: 1 and no greater than about 10: 1.
項７２．本体が、約５：１と約１：１との間の範囲内の幅：高さの比によって定義される二次アスペクト比を含む、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 72. 66. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 65, wherein the body comprises a secondary aspect ratio defined by a width: height ratio in a range between about 5: 1 and about 1: 1.
項７３．本体が、約６：１と約１：１との間の範囲内の長さ：高さの比によって定義される三次アスペクト比を含む、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 73. The fixed abrasive article according to clause 65, wherein the body includes a tertiary aspect ratio defined by a length: height ratio in a range between about 6: 1 and about 1: 1.
項７４．本体が、長さおよび幅によって定義される平面において見たときに二次元の多角形を含み、本体が、三角形、四角形、矩形、台形、五角形、六角形、七角形、八角形、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される形状を含み、本体が、楕円体、ギリシャアルファベット文字、ラテンアルファベット文字、ロシアアルファベット文字、複雑な多角形、不規則形状、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、本体の長さおよび幅によって定義される平面において見たときの二次元形状を含む、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 74. The body includes a two-dimensional polygon when viewed in a plane defined by length and width, and the body is triangular, quadrangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, pentagonal, hexagonal, heptagonal, octagonal, and Including a shape selected from the group consisting of combinations, and the body is selected from the group consisting of ellipsoids, Greek alphabet characters, Latin alphabet characters, Russian alphabet characters, complex polygons, irregular shapes, and combinations thereof Item 66. The fixed abrasive article of Item 65, comprising a two-dimensional shape when viewed in a plane defined by the length and width of the body.
項７５．本体が、長さおよび幅によって定義される平面において見たときに二次元の三角形状を含む、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 75. 68. A fixed abrasive article according to clause 65, wherein the body comprises a two-dimensional triangular shape when viewed in a plane defined by the length and width.
項７６．本体がバインダを本質的に含まず、本体が有機材料を本質的に含まない、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 76. Item 66. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 65, wherein the main body is essentially free of binder and the main body is essentially free of organic material.
項７７．本体が多結晶材料を含み、多結晶材料が顆粒を含み、顆粒が、窒化物、酸化物、炭化物、ホウ化物、酸窒化物、ダイヤモンド、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる材料群から選択され、顆粒が、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化チタン、酸化イットリウム、酸化クロム、酸化ストロンチウム、酸化ケイ素、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる酸化物群から選択される酸化物を含み、顆粒がアルミナを含み、顆粒がアルミナから本質的になる、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 77. The body includes a polycrystalline material, the polycrystalline material includes granules, and the granules are selected from a group of materials consisting of nitrides, oxides, carbides, borides, oxynitrides, diamonds, and combinations thereof, wherein the granules , Aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, yttrium oxide, chromium oxide, strontium oxide, silicon oxide, and oxides selected from a combination thereof, the granules include alumina, and the granules include alumina Item 66. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 65, consisting essentially of.
項７８．本体がアルミナから本質的になる、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 78. Item 66. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 65, wherein the main body consists essentially of alumina.
項７９．本体が種添加ゾルゲルから形成される、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 79. Item 66. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 65, wherein the main body is formed from a seed-added sol-gel.
項８０．本体が、約１μｍ以下の平均顆粒サイズを有する多結晶材料を含む、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 80. The fixed abrasive article according to clause 65, wherein the main body includes a polycrystalline material having an average granule size of about 1 μm or less.
項８１．本体が、少なくとも約２つの異なるタイプの顆粒を含む複合体である、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 81. 66. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 65, wherein the body is a composite comprising at least about two different types of granules.
項８２．本体が添加剤を含み、添加剤が酸化物を含み、添加剤が金属元素を含み、添加剤が希土類元素を含む、項６５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 82. Item 66. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 65, wherein the main body includes an additive, the additive includes an oxide, the additive includes a metal element, and the additive includes a rare earth element.
項８３．添加剤がドーパント材料を含み、ドーパント材料が、アルカリ元素、アルカリ土類元素、希土類元素、遷移金属元素、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される元素を含み、ドーパント材料が、ハフニウム、ジルコニウム、ニオブ、タンタル、モリブデン、バナジウム、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、スカンジウム、イットリウム、ランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム、クロム、コバルト、鉄、ゲルマニウム、マンガン、ニッケル、チタン、亜鉛、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される元素を含む、項８２に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 83. The additive includes a dopant material, the dopant material includes an element selected from the group consisting of an alkali element, an alkaline earth element, a rare earth element, a transition metal element, and combinations thereof, and the dopant material is hafnium, zirconium, Niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, chromium, cobalt, iron, germanium, manganese, nickel, titanium, zinc, and these Item 83. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 82, comprising an element selected from the group consisting of:
項８４．第２タイプの成形研磨粒子が、第１主面、第２主面、および第１主面と第２主面との間に延在する少なくとも１つの側面を有する本体を含む、項１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 84. Item 2. The second type shaped abrasive particle comprises a body having a first major surface, a second major surface, and at least one side surface extending between the first major surface and the second major surface. Fixed abrasive article.
項８５．第１主面が、第２主面と異なる面積を定義し、第１主面が、第２主面によって定義される面積より大きい面積を定義し、第１主面が、第２主面によって定義される面積より小さい面積を定義する、項８４に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 85. The first principal surface defines an area different from the second principal surface, the first principal surface defines an area larger than the area defined by the second principal surface, and the first principal surface is defined by the second principal surface. 85. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 84, defining an area that is smaller than the defined area.
項８６．第１高さ（ｈ１）を含む第１タイプの成形研磨粒子；および
第１高さ未満の第２高さ（ｈ２）を含む第２タイプの成形研磨粒子
を含む研磨粒子ブレンドを含む固定研磨物品であって、
少なくとも約１１インチ３のステンレス鋼寿命を含む、固定研磨物品。
Item 86. A fixed abrasive article comprising: a first type of shaped abrasive particle comprising a first height (h1); and an abrasive particle blend comprising a second type of shaped abrasive particle comprising a second height (h2) less than the first height. Because
A fixed abrasive article comprising a stainless steel life of at least about 11 inches 3 .
項８７．少なくとも約１１．５インチ３または少なくとも約１２インチ３のステンレス鋼寿命を含み、約２５インチ３以下のステンレス鋼寿命を含む、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 87. 90. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 86, comprising a stainless steel life of at least about 11.5 inches 3 or at least about 12 inches 3 and a stainless steel life of about 25 inches 3 or less.
項８８．約０．９８以下の高さ比（ｈ２／ｈ１）をさらに含む、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 88. Item 87. The fixed abrasive article of Item 86, further comprising a height ratio (h2 / h1) of about 0.98 or less.
項８９．高さ比（ｈ２／ｈ１）が、少なくとも約０．０５である、項８８に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 89. 90. A fixed abrasive article according to item 88, wherein the height ratio (h2 / h1) is at least about 0.05.
項９０．少なくとも約１μｍの高さ差（ｈ１−ｈ２）をさらに含む、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 90. 90. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 86 further comprising a height difference (h1-h2) of at least about 1 μm.
項９１．高さ差（ｈ１−ｈ２）が、約２ｍｍ以下である、項９０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 91. Item 91. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 90, wherein the height difference (h1-h2) is about 2 mm or less.
項９２．第１タイプの成形研磨粒子が第１長さ（ｌ１）を含み、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子が第２長さ（ｌ２）を含み、少なくとも約０．０５の長さ比（ｌ１／ｌ２）をさらに含む、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 92. The first type of shaped abrasive particles includes a first length (l1), the second type of shaped abrasive particles includes a second length (l2), and a length ratio (l1 / l2) of at least about 0.05. Item 87. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 86, further comprising:
項９３．約２ｍｍ以下の長さ差（Ｌ１−ｌ２）をさらに含む、項９２に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 93. Item 95. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 92, further comprising a length difference (L1-l2) of about 2 mm or less.
項９４．第１タイプの成形研磨粒子が第１幅（ｗ１）を含み、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子が第２幅（ｗ２）を含み、少なくとも約０．０５の幅比（ｗ２／ｗ１）をさらに含む、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 94. The first type of shaped abrasive particles includes a first width (w1), the second type of shaped abrasive particles includes a second width (w2), and further includes a width ratio (w2 / w1) of at least about 0.05. Item 87. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 86.
項９５．約２ｍｍ以下の幅差（ｗ１−ｗ２）をさらに含む、項９４に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 95. 95. The fixed abrasive article according to item 94, further including a width difference (w1-w2) of about 2 mm or less.
項９６．第１含量が第２含量より少ない、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 96. Item 87. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 86, wherein the first content is less than the second content.
項９７．第１含量が、ブレンドの合計含量の約９０％以下である、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 97. 90. A fixed abrasive article according to item 86, wherein the first content is about 90% or less of the total content of the blend.
項９８．第１含量が、ブレンドの合計含量の少なくとも約１％である、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 98. 90. A fixed abrasive article according to clause 86, wherein the first content is at least about 1% of the total content of the blend.
項９９．第２含量が、ブレンドの合計含量の約９８％以下である、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 99. 90. A fixed abrasive article according to item 86, wherein the second content is about 98% or less of the total content of the blend.
項１００．第２含量が、ブレンドの合計含量の少なくとも約１％である、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 100. 90. A fixed abrasive article according to item 86, wherein the second content is at least about 1% of the total content of the blend.
項１０１．研磨粒子ブレンドが、第１含量（Ｃ１）の第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第２含量（Ｃ２）の第２タイプの成形研磨粒子を含み、約１０以下のブレンド比（Ｃ１／Ｃ２）をさらに含む、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 101. The abrasive particle blend comprises a first content (C1) of the first type of shaped abrasive particles and a second content (C2) of the second type of shaped abrasive particles, and further has a blend ratio (C1 / C2) of about 10 or less Item 87. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 86.
項１０２．研磨粒子ブレンドが、主含量の成形研磨粒子を含み、研磨粒子ブレンドが、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第２タイプの成形研磨粒子から本質的になる、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 102. 90. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 86, wherein the abrasive particle blend comprises a major content of shaped abrasive particles, and the abrasive particle blend consists essentially of a first type of shaped abrasive particles and a second type of shaped abrasive particles.
項１０３．ブレンドが第３タイプの研磨粒子をさらに含み、第３タイプの研磨粒子が成形研磨粒子を含み、第３タイプの研磨粒子が希釈剤タイプの研磨粒子を含み、希釈剤タイプの研磨粒子が不規則形状を含む、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 103. The blend further comprises a third type of abrasive particles, the third type of abrasive particles comprises shaped abrasive particles, the third type of abrasive particles comprises diluent type abrasive particles, and the diluent type abrasive particles are irregular 90. A fixed abrasive article according to item 86, comprising a shape.
項１０４．固定研磨物品が、接着研磨物品、被覆研磨物品、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 104. 90. A fixed abrasive article according to item 86, wherein the fixed abrasive article is selected from the group consisting of an adhesive abrasive article, a coated abrasive article, and combinations thereof.
項１０５．固定研磨物品が基材を含み、基材が裏打ちを含み、裏打ちが織布材料を含み、裏打ちが不織布材料を含み、裏打ちが有機材料を含み、裏打ちがポリマーを含み、裏打ちが、布、紙、フィルム、織物、フリース織物、バルカナイズドファイバ、織布材料、不織布材料、ウェビング、ポリマー、樹脂、フェノール樹脂、フェノール−ラテックス樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、尿素ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン、ポリプロピレン、ポリイミド、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される材料を含む、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 105. The fixed abrasive article comprises a substrate, the substrate comprises a backing, the backing comprises a woven material, the backing comprises a nonwoven material, the backing comprises an organic material, the backing comprises a polymer, the backing comprises a cloth, paper , Film, fabric, fleece fabric, vulcanized fiber, woven fabric material, nonwoven fabric material, webbing, polymer, resin, phenolic resin, phenol-latex resin, epoxy resin, polyester resin, urea formaldehyde resin, polyester, polyurethane, polypropylene, polyimide, Item 87. The fixed abrasive article of Item 86, comprising a material selected from the group consisting of and combinations thereof.
項１０６．裏打ちが、触媒、カップリング剤、硬化剤、帯電防止剤、懸濁剤、抗負荷剤、潤滑剤、湿潤剤、染料、フィラー、粘度調整剤、分散剤、消泡剤、および粉砕剤からなる群から選択される添加剤を含む、項１０５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 106. The backing consists of catalyst, coupling agent, curing agent, antistatic agent, suspending agent, anti-loading agent, lubricant, wetting agent, dye, filler, viscosity modifier, dispersant, antifoaming agent, and grinding agent Item 105. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 105, comprising an additive selected from the group.
項１０７．裏打ちを覆う接着層をさらに含み、接着層がメイクコートを含み、メイクコートが裏打ちを覆い、メイクコートが裏打ちの一部に直接接着され、メイクコートが有機材料を含み、メイクコートがポリマー材料を含み、メイクコートが、ポリエステル、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、ポリアクリレート、ポリメタクリレート、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエチレン、ポリシロキサン、シリコーン、セルロースアセテート、ニトロセルロース、天然ゴム、デンプン、セラック、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される材料を含む、項１０５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 107. It further includes an adhesive layer covering the backing, the adhesive layer includes a make coat, the make coat covers the backing, the make coat is adhered directly to a portion of the backing, the make coat includes an organic material, and the make coat includes a polymeric material. Including, a make coat from polyester, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyamide, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polysiloxane, silicone, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, natural rubber, starch, shellac, and combinations thereof Item 106. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 105, comprising a material selected from the group consisting of:
項１０８．接着層がサイズコートを含み、サイズコートが複数の成形研磨粒子の一部を覆い、サイズコートがメイクコートを覆い、サイズコートが複数の成形研磨粒子の一部に直接接着され、サイズコートが有機材料を含み、サイズコートがポリマー材料を含み、サイズコートが、ポリエステル、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、ポリアクリレート、ポリメタクリレート、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエチレン、ポリシロキサン、シリコーン、セルロースアセテート、ニトロセルロース、天然ゴム、デンプン、セラック、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される材料を含む、項１０７に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 108. The adhesive layer includes a size coat, the size coat covers a portion of the plurality of shaped abrasive particles, the size coat covers the make coat, the size coat is directly adhered to a portion of the plurality of shaped abrasive particles, and the size coat is organic Contains material, size coat contains polymer material, size coat is polyester, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyamide, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polysiloxane, silicone, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, natural rubber 108. The fixed abrasive article of clause 107, comprising a material selected from the group consisting of: starch, shellac, and combinations thereof.
項１０９．研磨粒子ブレンドが複数の成形研磨粒子を含み、複数の成形研磨粒子の各成形研磨粒子が、裏打ちに対して制御された配向に配置されており、制御された配向が、所定の回転配向、所定の横配向、および所定の縦配向の少なくとも１つを含んでいる、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 109. The abrasive particle blend includes a plurality of shaped abrasive particles, each shaped abrasive particle of the plurality of shaped abrasive particles is disposed in a controlled orientation relative to the backing, the controlled orientation being a predetermined rotational orientation, a predetermined orientation Item 87. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 86, wherein the fixed abrasive article includes at least one of the following:
項１１０．第１タイプの成形研磨粒子が、長さ（ｌ）、幅（ｗ）、および高さ（ｈｉ）を有する本体を含み、幅≧長さ、長さ≧高さ、かつ幅≧高さである、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 110. The first type of shaped abrasive particles includes a body having a length (l), a width (w), and a height (hi), where width ≧ length, length ≧ height, and width ≧ height Item 87. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 86.
項１１１．高さ（ｈ）が、幅（ｗ）の少なくとも約２０％であり、かつ幅の約８０％以下である、項１１０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 111. 111. A fixed abrasive article according to item 110, wherein the height (h) is at least about 20% of the width (w) and not more than about 80% of the width.
項１１２．本体が、少なくとも約１％のパーセントフラッシングを含む、項１１０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 112. 111. A fixed abrasive article according to clause 110, wherein the body comprises a percent flushing of at least about 1%.
項１１３．本体が、約２以下の凹み値（ｄ）を含む、項１１０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 113. 111. A fixed abrasive article according to clause 110, wherein the body comprises a dent value (d) of about 2 or less.
項１１４．本体が、少なくとも約１：１かつ約１０：１以下の範囲内の幅：長さの一次アスペクト比を含む、項１１０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 114. 111. The fixed abrasive article of paragraph 110, wherein the body comprises a primary aspect ratio of width: length of at least about 1: 1 and no greater than about 10: 1.
項１１５．本体が、約５：１と約１：１との間の範囲内の幅：高さの比によって定義される二次アスペクト比を含む、項１１０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 115. 111. The fixed abrasive article of clause 110, wherein the body comprises a secondary aspect ratio defined by a width: height ratio in a range between about 5: 1 and about 1: 1.
項１１６．本体が、約６：１と約１：１との間の範囲内の長さ：高さの比によって定義される三次アスペクト比を含む、項１１０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 116. 111. The fixed abrasive article of clause 110, wherein the body includes a tertiary aspect ratio defined by a length: height ratio in a range between about 6: 1 and about 1: 1.
項１１７．本体が、長さおよび幅によって定義される平面において見たときに二次元の多角形を含み、本体が、三角形、四角形、矩形、台形、五角形、六角形、七角形、八角形、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される形状を含み、本体が、楕円体、ギリシャアルファベット文字、ラテンアルファベット文字、ロシアアルファベット文字、複雑な多角形、不規則形状、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、本体の長さおよび幅によって定義される平面において見たときの二次元形状を含む、項１１０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 117. The body includes a two-dimensional polygon when viewed in a plane defined by length and width, and the body is triangular, quadrangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, pentagonal, hexagonal, heptagonal, octagonal, and Including a shape selected from the group consisting of combinations, and the body is selected from the group consisting of ellipsoids, Greek alphabet characters, Latin alphabet characters, Russian alphabet characters, complex polygons, irregular shapes, and combinations thereof 111. A fixed abrasive article according to item 110, comprising a two-dimensional shape when viewed in a plane defined by the length and width of the body.
項１１８．本体がバインダを本質的に含まず、本体が有機材料を本質的に含まない、項１１０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 118. 111. A fixed abrasive article according to clause 110, wherein the body is essentially free of binder and the body is essentially free of organic material.
項１１９．本体が多結晶材料を含み、多結晶材料が顆粒を含み、顆粒が、窒化物、酸化物、炭化物、ホウ化物、酸窒化物、ダイヤモンド、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる材料群から選択され、顆粒が、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化チタン、酸化イットリウム、酸化クロム、酸化ストロンチウム、酸化ケイ素、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる酸化物群から選択される酸化物を含み、顆粒がアルミナを含み、顆粒がアルミナから本質的になる、項１１０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 119. The body includes a polycrystalline material, the polycrystalline material includes granules, and the granules are selected from a group of materials consisting of nitrides, oxides, carbides, borides, oxynitrides, diamonds, and combinations thereof, wherein the granules , Aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, yttrium oxide, chromium oxide, strontium oxide, silicon oxide, and oxides selected from a combination thereof, the granules include alumina, and the granules include alumina 110. A fixed abrasive article according to item 110, consisting essentially of.
項１２０．本体が添加剤を含み、添加剤が酸化物を含み、添加剤が金属元素を含み、添加剤が希土類元素を含む、項１１０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 120. Item 110. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 110, wherein the main body includes an additive, the additive includes an oxide, the additive includes a metal element, and the additive includes a rare earth element.
項１２１．第１タイプの成形研磨粒子が、二次元形状、平均粒径、粒子の色、硬度、摩損度、靱性、密度、比表面積、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される第１研磨材特性を含む、項８６に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 121. The first type of shaped abrasive particles has a first abrasive property selected from the group consisting of two-dimensional shape, average particle size, particle color, hardness, friability, toughness, density, specific surface area, and combinations thereof. Item 87. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 86.
項１２２．第２タイプの成形研磨粒子が、二次元形状、平均粒径、粒子の色、硬度、摩損度、靱性、密度、比表面積、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される第２研磨材特性を含む、項１２１に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 122. The second type of shaped abrasive particles has a second abrasive property selected from the group consisting of two-dimensional shape, average particle size, particle color, hardness, friability, toughness, density, specific surface area, and combinations thereof. Item 121. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 121.
項１２３．少なくとも１つの第１研磨材特性および第２研磨材特性が、互いに比較して本質的に同じであり、少なくとも２つの第１研磨材特性および２つの第２研磨材特性が、互いと比較して本質的に同じである、項１２２に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 123. The at least one first abrasive property and the second abrasive property are essentially the same compared to each other, and the at least two first abrasive properties and the two second abrasive properties are compared to each other. 123. A fixed abrasive article according to item 122, which is essentially the same.
項１２４．少なくとも１つの第１研磨材特性および１つの第２研磨材特性が、互いと比較して異なっており、少なくとも２つの第１研磨材特性および２つの第２研磨材特性が、互いと比較して異なっている、項１２２に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 124. At least one first abrasive property and one second abrasive property are different compared to each other, and at least two first abrasive properties and two second abrasive properties are compared to each other. Item 122. The fixed abrasive article of Item 122, wherein the item is different.
項１２５．第２タイプの成形研磨粒子が、長さ（ｌ）、幅（ｗ）、および高さ（ｈｉ）を有する本体を含み、幅＞長さ、長さ＞高さ、かつ幅＞高さである、項１１０に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 125. A second type of shaped abrasive particles includes a body having a length (l), a width (w), and a height (hi), where width> length, length> height, and width> height. Item 110. The fixed abrasive article according to Item 110.
項１２６．高さ（ｈ）が、幅（ｗ）の少なくとも約２０％であり、かつ幅の約８０％以下である、項１２５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 126. 126. The fixed abrasive article of clause 125, wherein the height (h) is at least about 20% of the width (w) and not more than about 80% of the width.
項１２７．高さ（ｈ）が、少なくとも約４００μｍである、項１２５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 127. 126. A fixed abrasive article according to clause 125, wherein the height (h) is at least about 400 μm.
項１２８．幅が、少なくとも約６００μｍである、項１２５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 128. 126. A fixed abrasive article according to clause 125, wherein the width is at least about 600 μm.
項１２９．本体が、少なくとも約１％のパーセントフラッシングを含む、項１２５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 129. 126. A fixed abrasive article according to clause 125, wherein the body comprises at least about 1% percent flushing.
項１３０．本体が、約２以下の凹み値（ｄ）を含む、項１２５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 130. 126. A fixed abrasive article according to clause 125, wherein the body comprises a dent value (d) of about 2 or less.
項１３１．本体が、少なくとも約１：１かつ約１０：１以下の範囲内の幅：長さの一次アスペクト比を含む、項１２５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 131. 126. The fixed abrasive article of clause 125, wherein the body comprises a primary aspect ratio of width: length of at least about 1: 1 and no greater than about 10: 1.
項１３２．本体が、約５：１と約１：１との間の範囲内の幅：高さの比によって定義される二次アスペクト比を含む、項１２５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 132. 126. The fixed abrasive article of clause 125, wherein the body comprises a secondary aspect ratio defined by a width: height ratio in a range between about 5: 1 and about 1: 1.
項１３３．本体が、約６：１と約１：１との間の範囲内の長さ：高さの比によって定義される三次アスペクト比を含む、項１２５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 133. 126. The fixed abrasive article of clause 125, wherein the body comprises a tertiary aspect ratio defined by a length: height ratio in a range between about 6: 1 and about 1: 1.
項１３４．本体が、長さおよび幅によって定義される平面において見たときに二次元の多角形を含み、本体が、三角形、四角形、矩形、台形、五角形、六角形、七角形、八角形、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される形状を含み、本体が、楕円体、ギリシャアルファベット文字、ラテンアルファベット文字、ロシアアルファベット文字、複雑な多角形、不規則形状、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、本体の長さおよび幅によって定義される平面において見たときの二次元形状を含む、項１２５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 134. The body includes a two-dimensional polygon when viewed in a plane defined by length and width, and the body is triangular, quadrangular, rectangular, trapezoidal, pentagonal, hexagonal, heptagonal, octagonal, and Including a shape selected from the group consisting of combinations, and the body is selected from the group consisting of ellipsoids, Greek alphabet characters, Latin alphabet characters, Russian alphabet characters, complex polygons, irregular shapes, and combinations thereof 126. The fixed abrasive article of clause 125, comprising a two-dimensional shape when viewed in a plane defined by the length and width of the body.
項１３５．本体が、長さおよび幅によって定義される平面において見たときに二次元の三角形状を含む、項１２５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 135. 126. The fixed abrasive article of clause 125, wherein the body comprises a two-dimensional triangular shape when viewed in a plane defined by length and width.
項１３６．本体がバインダを本質的に含まず、本体が有機材料を本質的に含まない、項１２５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 136. 126. The fixed abrasive article of clause 125, wherein the body is essentially free of binder and the body is essentially free of organic material.
項１３７．本体が多結晶材料を含み、多結晶材料が顆粒を含み、顆粒が、窒化物、酸化物、炭化物、ホウ化物、酸窒化物、ダイヤモンド、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる材料群から選択され、顆粒が、酸化アルミニウム、酸化ジルコニウム、酸化チタン、酸化イットリウム、酸化クロム、酸化ストロンチウム、酸化ケイ素、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる酸化物群から選択される酸化物を含み、顆粒がアルミナを含み、顆粒がアルミナから本質的になる、項１２５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 137. The body includes a polycrystalline material, the polycrystalline material includes granules, and the granules are selected from a group of materials consisting of nitrides, oxides, carbides, borides, oxynitrides, diamonds, and combinations thereof, wherein the granules , Aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, yttrium oxide, chromium oxide, strontium oxide, silicon oxide, and oxides selected from a combination thereof, the granules include alumina, and the granules include alumina 126. A fixed abrasive article according to item 125, consisting essentially of.
項１３８．本体が、少なくとも約２つの異なるタイプの砥粒を含む複合体である、項１２５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 138. 126. The fixed abrasive article of clause 125, wherein the body is a composite comprising at least about two different types of abrasive grains.
項１３９．本体が添加剤を含み、添加剤が酸化物を含み、添加剤が金属元素を含み、添加剤が希土類元素を含む、項１２５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 139. 126. The fixed abrasive article according to item 125, wherein the main body includes an additive, the additive includes an oxide, the additive includes a metal element, and the additive includes a rare earth element.
項１４０．添加剤がドーパント材料を含み、ドーパント材料が、アルカリ元素、アルカリ土類元素、希土類元素、遷移金属元素、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される元素を含み、ドーパント材料が、ハフニウム、ジルコニウム、ニオブ、タンタル、モリブデン、バナジウム、リチウム、ナトリウム、カリウム、マグネシウム、カルシウム、ストロンチウム、バリウム、スカンジウム、イットリウム、ランタン、セリウム、プラセオジム、クロム、コバルト、鉄、ゲルマニウム、マンガン、ニッケル、チタン、亜鉛、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される元素を含む、項１２５に記載の固定研磨物品。 Item 140. The additive includes a dopant material, the dopant material includes an element selected from the group consisting of an alkali element, an alkaline earth element, a rare earth element, a transition metal element, and combinations thereof, and the dopant material is hafnium, zirconium, Niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, vanadium, lithium, sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, strontium, barium, scandium, yttrium, lanthanum, cerium, praseodymium, chromium, cobalt, iron, germanium, manganese, nickel, titanium, zinc, and these 126. The fixed abrasive article according to item 125, comprising an element selected from the group consisting of:
項１４１．第１高さ（ｈ１）を含む第１タイプの成形研磨粒子；および
第１高さ未満の第２高さ（ｈ２）を含む第２タイプの成形研磨粒子
を含む研磨粒子ブレンドを含む研磨物品を用いてワークピースから材料を除去する方法。
Item 141. An abrasive article comprising: a first type of shaped abrasive particle comprising a first height (h1); and an abrasive particle blend comprising a second type of shaped abrasive particle comprising a second height (h2) less than the first height. Use to remove material from a workpiece.
項１４２．ワークピースが、有機材料、無機材料、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される材料を含み、ワークピースが、金属を含み、ワークピースが、金属合金を含む、項１４１に記載の方法。 Item 142. 142. The method according to clause 141, wherein the workpiece includes a material selected from the group consisting of an organic material, an inorganic material, and a combination thereof, the workpiece includes a metal, and the workpiece includes a metal alloy.
項１４３．固定研磨物品が、少なくとも約１１インチ３のステンレス鋼寿命を含む、項１４１に記載の方法。 Item 143. 142. The method of clause 141, wherein the fixed abrasive article comprises a stainless steel life of at least about 11 inches 3 .
項１４４．約０．９８以下の高さ比（ｈ２／ｈ１）をさらに含む、項１４１に記載の方法。 Item 144. 142. The method of clause 141, further comprising a height ratio (h2 / h1) of about 0.98 or less.
項１４５．高さ比（ｈ２／ｈ１）が、少なくとも約０．０５である、項１４４に記載の方法。 Item 145. 145. The method of clause 144, wherein the height ratio (h2 / h1) is at least about 0.05.
項１４６．少なくとも約１μｍの高さ差（ｈ１−ｈ２）をさらに含む、項１４１に記載の方法。 Item 146. 142. The method of clause 141, further comprising a height difference (h1-h2) of at least about 1 μm.
項１４７．高さ差（ｈ１−ｈ２）が、約２ｍｍ以下である、項１４６に記載の方法。 Item 147. Item 146. The method according to Item 146, wherein the height difference (h1-h2) is about 2 mm or less.
項１４８．第１タイプの成形研磨粒子が第１長さ（ｌ１）を含み、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子が第２長さ（ｌ２）を含み、少なくとも約０．０５の長さ比（ｌ１／ｌ２）をさらに含む、項１４１に記載の方法。 Item 148. The first type of shaped abrasive particles includes a first length (l1), the second type of shaped abrasive particles includes a second length (l2), and a length ratio (l1 / l2) of at least about 0.05. 142. The method according to Item 141, further comprising:
項１４９．約２ｍｍ以下の長さ差（Ｌ１−ｌ２）をさらに含む、項１４８に記載の方法。 Item 149. 149. The method of clause 148, further comprising a length difference (L1-l2) of about 2 mm or less.
項１５０．第１タイプの成形研磨粒子が第１幅（ｗ１）を含み、第２タイプの成形研磨粒子が第２幅（ｗ２）を含み、少なくとも約０．０５の幅比（ｗ２／ｗ１）をさらに含む、項１４１に記載の方法。 Item 150. The first type of shaped abrasive particles includes a first width (w1), the second type of shaped abrasive particles includes a second width (w2), and further includes a width ratio (w2 / w1) of at least about 0.05. 141. The method according to item 141.
項１５１．約２ｍｍ以下の幅差（ｗ１−ｗ２）をさらに含む、項１５０に記載の方法。 Item 151. 150. The method of clause 150, further comprising a width difference (w1-w2) of about 2 mm or less.
項１５２．研磨粒子ブレンドが、第１含量（Ｃ１）の第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第２含量（Ｃ２）の第２タイプの成形研磨粒子を含み、約１０以下のブレンド比（Ｃ１／Ｃ２）をさらに含む、項１４１に記載の方法。 Item 152. The abrasive particle blend comprises a first content (C1) of the first type of shaped abrasive particles and a second content (C2) of the second type of shaped abrasive particles, and further has a blend ratio (C1 / C2) of about 10 or less 142. The method according to item 141.
項１５３．研磨粒子ブレンドが、主含量の成形研磨粒子を含み、研磨粒子ブレンドが、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第２タイプの成形研磨粒子から本質的になる、項１４１に記載の方法。 Item 153. 142. The method of clause 141, wherein the abrasive particle blend comprises a major content of shaped abrasive particles, and the abrasive particle blend consists essentially of a first type of shaped abrasive particles and a second type of shaped abrasive particles.
項１５４．ブレンドが第３タイプの研磨粒子をさらに含み、第３タイプの研磨粒子が成形研磨粒子を含み、第３タイプの研磨粒子が希釈剤タイプの研磨粒子を含み、希釈剤タイプの研磨粒子が不規則形状を含む、項１４１に記載の方法。 Item 154. The blend further comprises a third type of abrasive particles, the third type of abrasive particles comprises shaped abrasive particles, the third type of abrasive particles comprises diluent type abrasive particles, and the diluent type abrasive particles are irregular 142. The method of clause 141, comprising a shape.
項１５５．固定研磨物品が、接着研磨物品、被覆研磨物品、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される、項１４１に記載の方法。 Item 155. 142. The method of clause 141, wherein the fixed abrasive article is selected from the group consisting of an adhesive abrasive article, a coated abrasive article, and combinations thereof.
項１５６．固定研磨物品が基材を含み、基材が裏打ちを含み、裏打ちが織布材料を含み、裏打ちが不織布材料を含み、裏打ちが有機材料を含み、裏打ちがポリマーを含み、裏打ちが、布、紙、フィルム、織物、フリース織物、バルカナイズドファイバ、織布材料、不織布材料、ウェビング、ポリマー、樹脂、フェノール樹脂、フェノール−ラテックス樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、尿素ホルムアルデヒド樹脂、ポリエステル、ポリウレタン、ポリプロピレン、ポリイミド、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される材料を含む、項１４１に記載の方法。 Item 156. The fixed abrasive article comprises a substrate, the substrate comprises a backing, the backing comprises a woven material, the backing comprises a nonwoven material, the backing comprises an organic material, the backing comprises a polymer, the backing comprises a cloth, paper , Film, fabric, fleece fabric, vulcanized fiber, woven fabric material, nonwoven fabric material, webbing, polymer, resin, phenolic resin, phenol-latex resin, epoxy resin, polyester resin, urea formaldehyde resin, polyester, polyurethane, polypropylene, polyimide, 142. A method according to Item 141, comprising a material selected from the group consisting of and combinations thereof.
項１５７．裏打ちが、触媒、カップリング剤、硬化剤、帯電防止剤、懸濁剤、抗負荷剤、潤滑剤、湿潤剤、染料、フィラー、粘度調整剤、分散剤、消泡剤、および粉砕剤からなる群から選択される添加剤を含む、項１５６に記載の方法。 Item 157. The backing consists of catalyst, coupling agent, curing agent, antistatic agent, suspending agent, anti-loading agent, lubricant, wetting agent, dye, filler, viscosity modifier, dispersant, antifoaming agent, and grinding agent 153. The method of clause 156, comprising an additive selected from the group.
項１５８．裏打ちを覆う接着層をさらに含み、接着層がメイクコートを含み、メイクコートが裏打ちを覆い、メイクコートが裏打ちの一部に直接接着され、メイクコートが有機材料を含み、メイクコートがポリマー材料を含み、メイクコートが、ポリエステル、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、ポリアクリレート、ポリメタクリレート、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエチレン、ポリシロキサン、シリコーン、セルロースアセテート、ニトロセルロース、天然ゴム、デンプン、セラック、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される材料を含む、項１５７に記載の方法。 Item 158. It further includes an adhesive layer covering the backing, the adhesive layer includes a make coat, the make coat covers the backing, the make coat is adhered directly to a portion of the backing, the make coat includes an organic material, and the make coat includes a polymeric material. Including, a make coat from polyester, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyamide, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polysiloxane, silicone, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, natural rubber, starch, shellac, and combinations thereof 158. The method of clause 157, comprising a material selected from the group consisting of:
項１５９．接着層がサイズコートを含み、サイズコートが複数の成形研磨粒子の一部を覆い、サイズコートがメイクコートを覆い、サイズコートが複数の成形研磨粒子の一部に直接接着され、サイズコートが有機材料を含み、サイズコートがポリマー材料を含み、サイズコートが、ポリエステル、エポキシ樹脂、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド、ポリアクリレート、ポリメタクリレート、ポリ塩化ビニル、ポリエチレン、ポリシロキサン、シリコーン、セルロースアセテート、ニトロセルロース、天然ゴム、デンプン、セラック、およびこれらの組み合わせからなる群から選択される材料を含む、項１５８に記載の方法。 Item 159. The adhesive layer includes a size coat, the size coat covers a portion of the plurality of shaped abrasive particles, the size coat covers the make coat, the size coat is directly adhered to a portion of the plurality of shaped abrasive particles, and the size coat is organic Contains material, size coat contains polymer material, size coat is polyester, epoxy resin, polyurethane, polyamide, polyacrylate, polymethacrylate, polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene, polysiloxane, silicone, cellulose acetate, nitrocellulose, natural rubber 155. The method of clause 158, comprising a material selected from the group consisting of: starch, shellac, and combinations thereof.
項１６０．研磨粒子ブレンドが複数の成形研磨粒子を含み、複数の成形研磨粒子の各成形研磨粒子が、裏打ちに対して制御された配向に配置されており、制御された配向が、所定の回転配向、所定の横配向、および所定の縦配向の少なくとも１つを含んでいる、項１４１に記載の方法。 Item 160. The abrasive particle blend includes a plurality of shaped abrasive particles, each shaped abrasive particle of the plurality of shaped abrasive particles is disposed in a controlled orientation relative to the backing, the controlled orientation being a predetermined rotational orientation, a predetermined orientation 142. The method according to Item 141, wherein the method includes at least one of a horizontal orientation and a predetermined longitudinal orientation.
実施例１
５つのサンプルを用いて、比較の粉砕操作を行った。５つのサンプルは、各々、裏打ちおよび接着層を含む本質的に同じ構造を用いたが、これらのサンプルは、研磨粒子のタイプが異なった。第１サンプル、サンプルＳ１は、本明細書に記載されている実施形態による成形研磨粒子のブレンドを含む被覆研磨材を表す。サンプルＳ１は、およそ５００μｍのメジアン内部高さを有する複数の第１タイプの成形研磨粒子を含む。ブレンドは、およそ４００μｍのメジアン内部高さを有する複数の第２タイプの成形研磨粒子をさらに含む。ブレンドは、およそ２．３の比（Ｃ１／Ｃ２）を有する。ブレンドの成形研磨粒子の約８０％が、裏打ちにおいて所定の側方配向で位置付けられており、４０ｌｂｓ．／リームの正規化された成形研磨粒子重量を有する。
Example 1
A comparative grinding operation was performed using five samples. Each of the five samples used essentially the same structure, including the backing and adhesive layer, but these samples differed in the type of abrasive particles. The first sample, sample S1, represents a coated abrasive comprising a blend of shaped abrasive particles according to embodiments described herein. Sample S1 includes a plurality of first type shaped abrasive particles having a median internal height of approximately 500 μm. The blend further includes a plurality of second type shaped abrasive particles having a median internal height of approximately 400 μm. The blend has a ratio (C1 / C2) of approximately 2.3. About 80% of the shaped abrasive particles of the blend are positioned in a predetermined lateral orientation in the backing, and 40 lbs. / Ream has a normalized shaped abrasive particle weight.
第２サンプル、サンプルＳ２は、本明細書に記載されている実施形態による成形研磨粒子のブレンドを含む被覆研磨材を表す。サンプルＳ２は、およそ５００μｍのメジアン内部高さを有する複数の第１タイプの成形研磨粒子を含む。ブレンドは、およそ４００μｍのメジアン内部高さを有する複数の第２タイプの成形研磨粒子をさらに含む。ブレンドは、およそ１の比（Ｃ１／Ｃ２）を有する。ブレンドの成形研磨粒子の約８０％が、裏打ちにおいて所定の側方配向で位置付けられており、４０ｌｂｓ．／リームの正規化された成形研磨粒子重量を有する。
The second sample, sample S2, represents a coated abrasive comprising a blend of shaped abrasive particles according to embodiments described herein. Sample S2 includes a plurality of first type shaped abrasive particles having a median internal height of approximately 500 μm. The blend further includes a plurality of second type shaped abrasive particles having a median internal height of approximately 400 μm. The blend has a ratio of approximately 1 (C1 / C2). About 80% of the shaped abrasive particles of the blend are positioned in a predetermined lateral orientation in the backing, and 40 lbs. / Ream has a normalized shaped abrasive particle weight.
第３サンプル、サンプルＳ３は、本明細書に記載されている実施形態による成形研磨粒子のブレンドを含む被覆研磨材を表す。サンプルＳ３は、およそ５００μｍのメジアン内部高さを有する複数の第１タイプの成形研磨粒子を含む。ブレンドは、およそ４００μｍのメジアン内部高さを有する複数の第２タイプの成形研磨粒子をさらに含む。ブレンドは、およそ０．４３の比（Ｃ１／Ｃ２）を有する。ブレンドの成形研磨粒子の約８０％が、裏打ちにおいて所定の側方配向で位置付けられており、４０ｌｂｓ．／リームの正規化された成形研磨粒子重量を有する。
A third sample, sample S3, represents a coated abrasive comprising a blend of shaped abrasive particles according to embodiments described herein. Sample S3 includes a plurality of first type shaped abrasive particles having a median internal height of approximately 500 μm. The blend further includes a plurality of second type shaped abrasive particles having a median internal height of approximately 400 μm. The blend has a ratio (C1 / C2) of approximately 0.43. About 80% of the shaped abrasive particles of the blend are positioned in a predetermined lateral orientation in the backing, and 40 lbs. / Ream has a normalized shaped abrasive particle weight.
第４サンプル、サンプルＣＳ４は、およそ４００μｍのメジアン内部高さを有する単一のタイプの成形研磨粒子を含む従来の被覆研磨物品を表す。これらの成形研磨粒子の約８０％が、裏打ちにおいて所定の側方配向で位置付けられており、４０ｌｂｓ．／リームの正規化された成形研磨粒子重量を有する。 The fourth sample, sample CS4, represents a conventional coated abrasive article comprising a single type of shaped abrasive particles having a median internal height of approximately 400 μm. About 80% of these shaped abrasive particles are positioned with a predetermined lateral orientation in the backing, and 40 lbs. / Ream has a normalized shaped abrasive particle weight.
第５サンプル、サンプルＣＳ５は、およそ５００μｍのメジアン内部高さを有する単一のタイプの成形研磨粒子を含む従来の被覆研磨物品を表す。これらの成形研磨粒子の約８０％が、裏打ちにおいて所定の側方配向で位置付けられており、４０ｌｂｓ．／リームの正規化された成形研磨粒子重量を有する。 The fifth sample, sample CS5, represents a conventional coated abrasive article comprising a single type of shaped abrasive particles having a median internal height of approximately 500 μm. About 80% of these shaped abrasive particles are positioned with a predetermined lateral orientation in the backing, and 40 lbs. / Ream has a normalized shaped abrasive particle weight.
サンプルを、以下の表１に付与する条件に従って、自動粉砕システムにおいて試験した。 Samples were tested in an automatic grinding system according to the conditions given in Table 1 below.
図１１は、比粉砕エネルギー対各サンプルで除去された累積材料のプロットを含む。明確に示すように、サンプルＣＳ５の寿命は、サンプルＳ２およびＳ３よりも大幅に短かった。かなり顕著に、また、予想外にも、サンプルＳ２〜Ｓ３が、サンプルＣＳ４およびＣＳ５間の累積材料除去速度を有すると予期され得る、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第２タイプの成形研磨粒子のブレンドを有しているにも関わらず、サンプルＳ２およびＳ３は、ＣＳ４と等しく、またＣＳ５を超える寿命を有した。また、サンプルＳ１〜Ｓ３は、それぞれ、除去された材料の初期の比粉砕エネルギーが０〜５立方インチであり、これは、同じ初期段階において比較サンプルＣＳ４およびＣＳ５よりも低かった。また、同じく予想外に、サンプルＳ３は、サンプルＣＳ１またはサンプルＣＳ２のいずれかと比較してテストの大部分にわたってより低い比粉砕エネルギーを有する。 FIG. 11 includes a plot of specific grinding energy versus cumulative material removed for each sample. As clearly shown, the lifetime of sample CS5 was significantly shorter than samples S2 and S3. Quite noticeably and unexpectedly, samples S2-S3 of the first and second types of shaped abrasive particles that can be expected to have a cumulative material removal rate between samples CS4 and CS5. Despite having a blend, samples S2 and S3 had a lifetime equal to CS4 and greater than CS5. Samples S1-S3 also each had an initial specific crushing energy of the removed material of 0-5 cubic inches, which was lower than comparative samples CS4 and CS5 at the same initial stage. Also unexpectedly, sample S3 has a lower specific crushing energy over the majority of the test compared to either sample CS1 or sample CS2.
本願は、当該分野の現状からの逸脱を表す。本明細書における実施形態の被覆研磨物品は、限定されないが、第１タイプの成形研磨粒子および第２タイプの成形研磨粒子を含むブレンドの組み込みを含めた、他の従来的に利用可能な研磨物品と異なった特徴の特定の組み合わせを含む。とりわけ、第１タイプおよび第２タイプの成形研磨粒子は、限定されないが、互いに対する高さ差を含めた特徴の特定の組み合わせを有することができる。また、成形研磨粒子は、それぞれ、例えば、アスペクト比、組成、添加剤、二次元形状、三次元形状、内部高さ、高さ差プロファイル、フラッシング百分率、凹みなどの特定の特徴を有することができる。また、ブレンドは、限定されないが、高さ比、高さ差、長さ比、長さ差、幅比、幅差、第１および第２タイプの成形研磨粒子の相対含量などを含めた、ある特徴の特定の組み合わせを利用してもよい。また、完全に理解されているわけではなく、特定の理論に拘束されることを望まないが、本明細書に記載されている実施形態のこれらの特徴の１つまたは組み合わせは、これらの被覆研磨物品の顕著かつ予想外の性能を容易にすると考えられる。 This application represents a departure from the current state of the art. The coated abrasive articles of the embodiments herein include, but are not limited to, other conventionally available abrasive articles, including the incorporation of blends comprising a first type of shaped abrasive particles and a second type of shaped abrasive particles. And specific combinations of different features. In particular, the first and second types of shaped abrasive particles can have specific combinations of features including, but not limited to, height differences relative to each other. Also, the shaped abrasive particles can each have specific characteristics such as aspect ratio, composition, additive, two-dimensional shape, three-dimensional shape, internal height, height difference profile, flashing percentage, dent, etc. . Also, the blend may include, but is not limited to, height ratio, height difference, length ratio, length difference, width ratio, width difference, relative content of first and second types of shaped abrasive particles, etc. Specific combinations of features may be used. Also, although not fully understood and not wishing to be bound by a particular theory, one or a combination of these features of the embodiments described herein are not those coating polishes. It is believed to facilitate noticeable and unexpected performance of the article.
別個の実施形態の文脈において明確のために本明細書に記載されているある特定の特徴は、単一の実施形態において組み合わせて提供されてもよい。反対に、単一の実施形態の文脈において明確のために記載されている種々の特徴が、別個にまたは任意のサブ組み合わせにおいて提供されてもよい。さらに、範囲に記述されている値への言及は、当該範囲内にあるありとあらゆる値を含む。 Certain features that are described in this specification for clarity in the context of separate embodiments may be provided in combination in a single embodiment. Conversely, various features that are explicitly described in the context of a single embodiment may be provided separately or in any subcombination. Further, reference to values stated in ranges include each and every value within that range.
利益、他の利点、および課題に対する解決手段を、具体的な実施形態に関して上記に記載した。しかし、利益、他の利点、および課題に対する解決手段、ならびに、任意の利益、利点または解決手段を生じさせ得るまたはより明白にさせ得る任意の特徴は、任意または全ての特許請求の範囲の厳密な、必要とされる、または必須の特徴であると解釈されてはならない。 Benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems have been described above with regard to specific embodiments. However, benefits, other advantages, and solutions to problems, as well as any features that may give rise to or be more apparent from any benefit, advantage or solution, are strictly the scope of any or all claims. Must not be construed as a required or essential feature.
本明細書に記載されている実施形態の詳述および図示は、種々の実施形態の構造の全体的な理解を提供することが意図されている。詳述および図示は、本明細書に記載されている構造または方法を用いる装置およびシステムの要素および特徴の全ての包括的かつ総合的な記載として機能することが意図される。別個の実施形態が、単一の実施形態において組み合わせて提供されてもよく、反対に、単一の実施形態の文脈において明確のために記載されている種々の特徴が、別個にまたは任意のサブ組み合わせにおいて提供されてもよい。さらに、範囲に記述されている値への言及は、当該範囲内にあるありとあらゆる値を含む。多くの他の実施形態は、本明細書を読んだ後のみに当業者に明らかになり得る。他の実施形態が本開示から用いられて誘導されてよく、その結果、構造的置換、論理的置換、または別の変更が、本開示の範囲から逸脱することなくなされてよい。したがって、本開示は、制限的であるよりもむしろ説明的であるとみなされるべきである。 The detailed description and illustration of the embodiments described herein are intended to provide an overall understanding of the structure of the various embodiments. The detailed description and illustrations are intended to serve as a comprehensive and comprehensive description of all the elements and features of apparatus and systems that use the structures or methods described herein. Separate embodiments may be provided in combination in a single embodiment, and conversely, the various features described for clarity in the context of a single embodiment can be provided separately or in any sub- It may be provided in combination. Further, reference to values stated in ranges include each and every value within that range. Many other embodiments may be apparent to those skilled in the art only after reading this specification. Other embodiments may be used and derived from the present disclosure, such that structural substitutions, logical substitutions, or other changes may be made without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Accordingly, the present disclosure should be regarded as illustrative rather than limiting.
図と組み合わせた以下の記載は、本明細書に開示されている教示の理解を助けるために提供されるものである。以下の議論は、該教示の具体的な実施および実施形態に焦点を当てている。この焦合は、該教示の記載を助けるために提供されるものであり、該教示の範囲または適用可能性に対する限定と解釈されるべきではない。しかし、他の教示が、本願において確かに用いられる可能性がある。 The following description in combination with the figures is provided to aid in understanding the teachings disclosed herein. The following discussion focuses on specific implementations and embodiments of the teachings. This focus is provided to assist in describing the teachings and should not be construed as a limitation on the scope or applicability of the teachings. However, other teachings may certainly be used in this application.
本明細書において用いられているとき、用語「含む（ｃｏｍｐｒｉｓｅｓ）」、「含む（ｃｏｍｐｒｉｓｉｎｇ）」、「含む（ｉｎｃｌｕｄｅｓ）」、「含む（ｉｎｃｌｕｄｉｎｇ）」、「有する（ｈａｓ）」、「有する（ｈａｖｉｎｇ）」、または任意の他の変形は、非排他的包含をカバーすることが意図されている。例えば、特徴の列挙を含む方法、物品または装置は、これらの特徴のみに必ずしも限定されないが、明確に列挙されていないまたはかかる方法、物品もしくは装置に固有の他の特徴を含んでいてよい。さらに、反対であることが明確に記述されていない限り、「または（ｏｒ）」は、包括的な「または」を称し、排他的な「または」を称するものではない。例えば、条件ＡまたはＢは、以下のいずれか１つによって満たされる：Ａが真（または存在する）かつＢが偽（または存在しない）、Ａが偽（または存在しない）かつＢが真（または存在する）、ならびにＡおよびＢが真（または存在する）。 As used herein, the terms “comprises”, “comprising”, “includes”, “including”, “has”, “having” ) ", Or any other variation, is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a method, article or device that includes an enumeration of features is not necessarily limited to only those features, but may include other features that are not explicitly listed or are unique to such methods, articles or devices. Further, unless expressly stated to the contrary, “or” refers to generic “or” and not to exclusive “or”. For example, condition A or B is satisfied by any one of the following: A is true (or exists) and B is false (or does not exist), A is false (or does not exist) and B is true (or Present), and A and B are true (or present).
また、「１つ（ａ）」または「１つ（ａｎ）」の使用は、本明細書に記載されている要素および構成要素を記載するのに使用される。これは、単に、便宜上、かつ本発明の範囲の一般的な意味を付与するためになされる。この記載は、１つまたは少なくとも１つを含むと読み取られるべきではなく、別途意味することが明らかでない限り、単数は複数も含み、またはその逆も然りである。例えば、単一の項が本明細書に記載されているとき、１を超える項が、単一の項の代わりに用いられてよい。同様に、１を超える項が本明細書に記載されているとき、単一の項が、１を超える項に代替できる。 Also, the use of “one (a)” or “one” is used to describe elements and components described herein. This is done merely for convenience and to give a general sense of the scope of the invention. This description should not be read to include one or at least one, and the singular also includes the plural and vice versa unless clearly stated otherwise. For example, when a single term is described herein, more than one term may be used in place of a single term. Similarly, when more than one term is described herein, a single term can be substituted for more than one term.
別途定義されていない限り、本明細書において用いられている全ての技術的および科学的用語は、本発明が属する分野の当業者によって一般的に理解されているものと同じ意味を有する。材料、方法、および例は、単に説明的なものであり、限定的であることは意図されていない。本明細書に記載されていない程度まで、具体的な材料および処理動作に関しての多くの詳細が従来的なものであり、構造的技術および対応する製造技術の範囲内の参考図書および他のソースにおいて見出され得る。 Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The materials, methods, and examples are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting. To the extent not described herein, many details regarding specific materials and processing operations are conventional and in reference books and other sources within the scope of structural techniques and corresponding manufacturing techniques. Can be found.
上記に開示されている主題は、説明的であって、制限的であるとみなされるべきではなく、添付の特許請求の範囲は、本発明の真の範囲内にある全てのかかる変更、向上および他の実施形態をカバーすることが意図されている。したがって、本発明の範囲は、法によって許容される最大限の程度まで、以下の特許請求の範囲およびそれらの等価物の最も広範な許容可能な解釈によって決定されるべきであり、上記の詳細な説明によって制限または限定されてはならない。 The subject matter disclosed above is illustrative and is not to be considered limiting, and the appended claims are intended to cover all such modifications, improvements and improvements that fall within the true scope of the invention. It is intended to cover other embodiments. Accordingly, the scope of the invention should be determined by the broadest acceptable interpretation of the following claims and their equivalents to the fullest extent permitted by law, as detailed above It should not be limited or limited by the description.
本開示の要約書は、特許法に適合するように提供されており、特許請求の範囲または意味を解釈または限定するのに用いられないという理解の下で提出されている。また、上記の図面の詳細な説明では、種々の特徴が、本開示の簡潔化を目的として一緒にグループ化され、または単一の実施形態において記載されている場合がある。本開示は、請求されている実施形態が、各特許請求の範囲に明確に列挙されているよりも多くの特徴を必要とするという意図を反映していると解釈されるべきではない。むしろ、以下の特許請求の範囲が反映しているように、発明の主題は、任意の開示されている実施形態の全ての特徴よりも少ないものを対象としている場合がある。このように、以下の特許請求の範囲は、各特許請求の範囲が別個に請求されている主題を定義するとして自身に基づいていて、図面の詳細な説明に組み込まれる。 The Abstract of this Disclosure is provided to comply with patent law and is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. Also, in the detailed description of the drawings above, the various features may be grouped together or described in a single embodiment for the purpose of simplifying the present disclosure. This disclosure should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that the claimed embodiments require more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, the subject matter of the invention may be directed to less than all the features of any disclosed embodiment, as reflected in the following claims. Thus, the following claims are based on themselves as if each claim defines a separate claimed subject matter and are incorporated into the detailed description of the drawings.
Claims (15)
第１高さ未満の第２高さ（ｈ２）を含む、第２含量（Ｃ２）の第２タイプの成形研磨粒子
を含む研磨粒子ブレンドを含む固定研磨物品であって、
高さ比（ｈ２／ｈ１）が、少なくとも０．２かつ０．９８以下であり、
前記第１含量が、前記ブレンドの全含量の少なくとも１％かつ７０％以下であり、
前記第２含量が、前記ブレンドの全含量の少なくとも１％かつ９８％以下である、固定研磨物品。 A first type of shaped abrasive particles of a first content (C1), comprising a first height (h1) ;
A fixed abrasive article comprising an abrasive particle blend comprising a second type of shaped abrasive particles of a second content (C2) comprising a second height (h2) less than the first height ,
The height ratio (h2 / h1) is at least 0.2 and 0.98 or less,
The first content is at least 1% and not more than 70% of the total content of the blend;
A fixed abrasive article, wherein the second content is at least 1% and not more than 98% of the total content of the blend.
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| KR101870617B1 (en) | 2018-06-26 |
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