CH685051A5 - Silicon nitride sintered abrasive grain and process for its production - Google Patents

Silicon nitride sintered abrasive grain and process for its production Download PDF

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Publication number
CH685051A5
CH685051A5 CH111793A CH111793A CH685051A5 CH 685051 A5 CH685051 A5 CH 685051A5 CH 111793 A CH111793 A CH 111793A CH 111793 A CH111793 A CH 111793A CH 685051 A5 CH685051 A5 CH 685051A5
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oxide
oxides
abrasive grain
silicon nitride
mixed
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CH111793A
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German (de)
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Dijen Franciscus Dr Van
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Lonza Ag
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09KMATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
    • C09K3/00Materials not provided for elsewhere
    • C09K3/14Anti-slip materials; Abrasives
    • C09K3/1409Abrasive particles per se
    • C09K3/1418Abrasive particles per se obtained by division of a mass agglomerated by sintering
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B35/00Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
    • C04B35/515Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics
    • C04B35/58Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides
    • C04B35/584Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on borides, nitrides, i.e. nitrides, oxynitrides, carbonitrides or oxycarbonitrides or silicides based on silicon nitride

Abstract

Sintering of silicon nitride powder with oxidic sinter additives, in particular aluminium oxide/yttrium oxide gives abrasive grain having high toughness.

Description

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Beschreibung description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Schleifkorn auf Basis von Siliciumnitrid, das durch Sintern von Siliciumnitridpulver mit oxidischen Sinteradditiven herstellbar ist, sowie ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung. The present invention relates to an abrasive grain based on silicon nitride, which can be produced by sintering silicon nitride powder with oxidic sintering additives, and a method for the production thereof.

Gesintertes Siliciumnitrid wird bisher in begrenztem Umfang für technische Keramik, beispielsweise für Turbinenschaufeln oder Wälzlager, eingesetzt. Entscheidend für diese Verwendungen ist die hohe Festigkeit bei Raumtemperatur wie auch bei hohen Temperaturen. Auch als Schneidkeramik wird Siliciumnitrid bisweilen eingesetzt, dagegen bisher nicht als Schleifkorn. Sintered silicon nitride has so far been used to a limited extent for technical ceramics, for example for turbine blades or roller bearings. Crucial for these uses is the high strength at room temperature as well as at high temperatures. Silicon nitride is also sometimes used as cutting ceramics, but so far not as an abrasive grain.

Hierfür sind sowohl der hohe Preis von Siliciumnitrid als auch die im Vergleich zu anderen als Schleifmittel verwendeten Materialien wie Korund oder Siliciumcarbid geringere Härte verantwortlich. This is due to both the high price of silicon nitride and the lower hardness compared to other materials used as abrasives, such as corundum or silicon carbide.

Es hat sich jedoch gezeigt, dass die Härte eines Schleifmittels bei einigen Anwendungen von geringerer Bedeutung ist, als bisher angenommen wurde und dass die Zähigkeit, welche üblicherweise durch den Kic-Wert ausgedrückt wird, eine sehr wichtige Rolle spielt. However, it has been shown that in some applications the hardness of an abrasive is of less importance than previously thought and that the toughness, which is usually expressed by the Kic value, plays a very important role.

Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung war die Bereitstellung eines Schleifkorns mit grosser Zähigkeit und eines kostengünstigeren Herstellungsverfahren für dieses Schleifkorn. The object of the present invention was to provide an abrasive grain with great toughness and a less expensive manufacturing process for this abrasive grain.

Erfindungsgemäss wird diese Aufgabe durch das Schleifkorn nach Patentanspruch 1 und das Herstellungsverfahren nach Patentanspruch 5 gelöst. According to the invention, this object is achieved by the abrasive grain according to claim 1 and the manufacturing method according to claim 5.

Es wurde gefunden, dass Siliciumnitridpulver mit oxidischen Sinteradditiven bei 1650 bis 1800°C unter Normaldruck, also «drucklos», oder unter erhöhtem Gasdruck zu besonders zähem Schleifkorn gesintert werden kann. It has been found that silicon nitride powder with oxidic sintering additives can be sintered at 1650 to 1800 ° C under normal pressure, ie “without pressure”, or under increased gas pressure to form particularly tough abrasive grain.

Dem Siliciumnitridpulver können gegebenenfalls andere Hartstoffe zugesetzt werden. Hierzu zählen Carbide wie beispielsweise Siliciumcarbid, Wolfram-carbid, Borcarbid oder Titancarbid, andere Nitride wie beispielsweise Aluminiumnitrid, Titannitrid, Tantalnitrid, Bornitrid, Boride wie beispielsweise Titandi-borid oder hochschmelzende Metalle wie beispielsweise Wolfram. Other hard materials can optionally be added to the silicon nitride powder. These include carbides such as silicon carbide, tungsten carbide, boron carbide or titanium carbide, other nitrides such as aluminum nitride, titanium nitride, tantalum nitride, boron nitride, borides such as titanium di-boride or high-melting metals such as tungsten.

Als Sinteradditive werden zweckmässig Oxide, Doppeloxide oder Mischoxide des Aluminium, Magnesiums oder der Seltenen Erden oder Gemische der genannten Verbindungen eingesetzt. Unter Doppeloxiden sind hierbei stöchiometrisch oder annähernd stöchiometrisch zusammengesetzte oxidische Verbindungen zweier oder mehrerer Metalle mit eigener Kristallstruktur zu verstehen, also beispielsweise Spinelle, Granate oder Perovskite. Unter Mischoxiden sind oxidische Verbindungen zweier oder mehrerer Metalle zu verstehen, die sich aus einem reinen Metalloxid durch Ersatz eines Teils der Metallatome durch Atome eines oder mehrerer anderer Metalle ableiten, ohne dass sich die Struktur ändert, also Mischkristalle oder feste Lösungen. Unter Seltenen Erden sind hier die Metalle Scandi-um, Yttrium, Lanthan und die Lanthaniden sowie deren Gemische zu verstehen. Oxides, double oxides or mixed oxides of aluminum, magnesium or rare earths or mixtures of the compounds mentioned are expediently used as sintering additives. Double oxides are understood here to mean stoichiometrically or approximately stoichiometrically composed oxidic compounds of two or more metals with their own crystal structure, for example spinels, garnets or perovskites. Mixed oxides are to be understood as oxidic compounds of two or more metals which are derived from a pure metal oxide by replacing part of the metal atoms with atoms of one or more other metals without the structure changing, i.e. mixed crystals or solid solutions. Rare earths are to be understood here as the metals scandium, yttrium, lanthanum and the lanthanides and their mixtures.

Bevorzugte Sinteradditive sind Gemische von Aluminiumoxid mit Magnesiumoxid oder wenigstens einem Seltenerdoxid sowie die entsprechenden Doppel- oder Mischoxide wie Spinelle oder Granate. Preferred sintering additives are mixtures of aluminum oxide with magnesium oxide or at least one rare earth oxide and the corresponding double or mixed oxides such as spinels or garnets.

Besonders bevorzugt als Sinteradditiv ist ein Gemisch aus Aluminiumoxid und Yttriumoxid oder eine entsprechende Verbindung wie Yttriumaluminiumgranat (YAG; Y3AI5O12). Besonders gute Ergebnisse wurden mit einem Gemisch von AI2O3 und Y2O3 im Gewichtsverhältnis 3:5 (entsprechend einem Molverhältnis von ca 1,3:1) erzielt. A mixture of aluminum oxide and yttrium oxide or a corresponding compound such as yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG; Y3AI5O12) is particularly preferred as the sintering additive. Particularly good results were achieved with a mixture of Al2O3 and Y2O3 in a weight ratio of 3: 5 (corresponding to a molar ratio of approx. 1.3: 1).

Das erfindungsgemässe Schleifkorn hat eine Mi-krohärte nach Vickers von vorzugsweise wenigstens 16 GPa und eine Bruchzähigkeit Kic von wenigstens 6 MPa • m1/2. Typische Werte sind ca 18 GPa Härte und ca 7 MPa • m1/2 Bruchzähigkeit. The abrasive grain according to the invention has a Vickers mi hardness of preferably at least 16 GPa and a fracture toughness Kic of at least 6 MPa • m 1/2. Typical values are approx. 18 GPa hardness and approx. 7 MPa • m1 / 2 fracture toughness.

Das erfindungsgemässe Schleifkorn kann dadurch hergestellt werden, dass Siliciumnitridpulver, gegebenenfalls mit den oben erwähnten Carbiden, anderen Nitriden, Boriden oder Metallen, mit den Sinteradditiven gemischt, verfestigt und bei 1650 bis 1800°C unter Schutzgas gesintert wird. Anstelle der oben bereits erwähnten Oxide, Doppeloxide oder Mischoxide können jeweils auch entsprechende Vorläuferverbindungen wie beispielsweise Hydroxide oder Salze mit flüchtigen anorganischen oder organischen Säuren, also beispielsweise Nitrate, Carbonate oder Acetate, eingesetzt werden. Diese Vorläuferverbindungen zersetzen sich vor Erreichen der Sintertemperatur zu den entsprechenden Oxiden, welche dann als eigentliche Sinteradditive wirken. The abrasive grain according to the invention can be produced by mixing silicon nitride powder, optionally with the above-mentioned carbides, other nitrides, borides or metals, with the sintering additives, solidifying them and sintering them at 1650 to 1800 ° C. under a protective gas. Instead of the above-mentioned oxides, double oxides or mixed oxides, corresponding precursor compounds such as hydroxides or salts with volatile inorganic or organic acids, for example nitrates, carbonates or acetates, can also be used. These precursor compounds decompose before reaching the sintering temperature to the corresponding oxides, which then act as actual sintering additives.

Das Mischen kann trocken oder vorzugsweise nass, also in Suspension, erfolgen. Als Suspendie-rungsmittel wird vorzugsweise Wasser, gegebenenfalls mit Zusatz von üblichen Hilfsstoffen wie Verflüssiger, Entschäumer oder pH-Regulatoren, verwendet. Es wurde gefunden, dass besonders gute Resultate bei einer schwach alkalischen wässrigen Suspension mit einem pH von ca. 8-11 erreicht werden. Zur Einstellung des pH kann beispielsweise Ammoniaklösung oder ein Amin zugesetzt werden. Es ist ebenso möglich, organische Flüssigkeiten wie beispielsweise Alkohole als Suspendie-rungsmittel zu verwenden. Weitere Hilfsstoffe wie beispielsweise Gleitmittel (zur besseren Verdichtung, wenn diese durch Pressen erfolgt) oder temporäre Binder (für ausreichende Festigkeit vor dem Sintern) werden vorteilhaft ebenfalls bei diesem Verfahrensschritt zugesetzt. Mixing can be done dry or preferably wet, ie in suspension. Water is preferably used as the suspending agent, if appropriate with the addition of customary auxiliaries such as plasticizers, defoamers or pH regulators. It has been found that particularly good results are achieved with a weakly alkaline aqueous suspension with a pH of about 8-11. For example, ammonia solution or an amine can be added to adjust the pH. It is also possible to use organic liquids such as alcohols as suspending agents. Other auxiliaries such as lubricants (for better compression if this is done by pressing) or temporary binders (for sufficient strength before sintering) are also advantageously added in this process step.

Der Mischvorgang wird vorzugsweise in einer Kolloidmühle, einem Attritor, einer Rührwerkskugelmühle, einer Ringspaltmühle oder einer Vibrationsmühle durchgeführt. Besonders bevorzugt sind Attri-toren und Rührwerkskugelmühlen, insbesondere solche mit Mahlkörpern aus Siliciumnitrid. The mixing process is preferably carried out in a colloid mill, an attritor, an agitator ball mill, an annular gap mill or a vibration mill. Attractors and agitator ball mills are particularly preferred, especially those with grinding media made of silicon nitride.

Besonders vorteilhaft wird das Mischen derart durchgeführt, dass gleichzeitig im Siliciumnitridpulver oder den anderen festen Ausgangsmaterialien vorhandene Agglomerate zerstört und gegebenenfalls vorhandene grobe Teilchen zerkleinert werden. The mixing is particularly advantageously carried out in such a way that agglomerates present in the silicon nitride powder or in the other solid starting materials are destroyed and any coarse particles present are comminuted.

Nach dem Mischen wird das Gemisch bzw. die Suspension zweckmässig verfestigt, um sinterbare «Grünkörper» zu erhalten. Die Suspension kann hierzu beispielsweise filtriert und der erhaltene Filterkuchen getrocknet werden. Der getrocknete Fil5 After mixing, the mixture or the suspension is suitably solidified in order to obtain sinterable “green bodies”. For this purpose, the suspension can be filtered, for example, and the filter cake obtained can be dried. The dried Fil5

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terkuchen kann dann, gegebenenfalls nach einer zusätzlichen Verdichtung durch Trockenpressen, auf die gewünschte Schleifkorngrösse zerkleinert werden. Die Zerkleinerung kann beispielsweise mit einem Walzenbrecher erfolgen und ist weder mit grossem Energieaufwand noch mit starkem Ver-schleiss verbunden. Die Suspension kann, wenn sie bereits einen hohen Feststoffgehalt hat, auch ohne gesonderten Filtrationsschritt direkt getrocknet werden. The cake can then be comminuted to the desired abrasive grain size, if necessary after additional compaction by dry pressing. The crushing can take place, for example, with a roller crusher and is neither associated with high energy expenditure nor with heavy wear. If the suspension already has a high solids content, it can also be dried directly without a separate filtration step.

Bei der Zerkleinerung wird zweckmässig das Schwinden beim Sintern berücksichtigt. Unerwünschte Feinanteile können abgesiebt und in das Verfahren zurückgeführt werden. When shredding, the shrinkage during sintering is appropriately taken into account. Unwanted fines can be screened off and returned to the process.

Die Suspension kann auch sprühgetrocknet werden, so dass ein fliessfähiges Granulat erhalten wird, das beispielsweise durch Trockenpressen verdichtet werden kann. Bei Verwendung entsprechender Presswerkzeuge können so auch Schleifkörner definierter Form hergestellt werden. The suspension can also be spray dried, so that a flowable granulate is obtained which can be compressed, for example, by dry pressing. When using appropriate pressing tools, abrasive grains of a defined shape can also be produced.

Das Sintern erfolgt zweckmässig unter Stickstoff bei 1650 bis 1800°C, vorzugsweise bei ca 1750°C. The sintering is conveniently carried out under nitrogen at 1650 to 1800 ° C, preferably at about 1750 ° C.

Die Sinterdauer ist abhängig von der Temperatur, Art und Menge der Additive und der Sinteratmosphäre, sie beträgt beispielsweise bei 1750°C mit AI2O3/Y2O3 in Stickstoffatmosphäre ca. 3 h. The sintering time depends on the temperature, type and amount of the additives and the sintering atmosphere, for example at 1750 ° C with AI2O3 / Y2O3 in a nitrogen atmosphere for approx. 3 h.

Nach dem Sintern werden gegebenenfalls entstandene Agglomerate aufgebrochen und das Schleifkorn durch eine Siebung auf die gewünschte Korngrössenverteilung gebracht. After sintering, any agglomerates formed are broken up and the abrasive grain is sieved to give the desired grain size distribution.

Die nachfolgenden Beispiele verdeutlichen die Herstellung des erfindungsgemässen Schleifkorns, ohne dass darin eine Einschränkung auf die beschriebenen Ausführungsformen zu sehen ist. The following examples illustrate the production of the abrasive grain according to the invention, without any restriction to the described embodiments.

Beispiel 1 example 1

In einer Rührwerkskugelmühle (251 Nutzvolumen) mit Umlaufbehälter wurden 46 kg Siliciumnitridpulver mit einer spezifischen Oberfläche von 10 m2/g und einem Sauerstoffgehalt von 1,5 Gew.-% (Typ SN-E 10, ÜBE, Japan), 1,5 kg Aluminiumoxidpulver (Typ CS 400, Martinswerk GmbH, Bergheim, Deutschland) und 2,5 kg Yttriumoxidpulver (H.C. Starck, Goslar, Deutschland) und 2 kg Hilfsstoffe (Verflüssiger, Entschäumer, Aminoalkohol als Base) in 50 I entsalztem Wasser 4 Stunden gemischt und desagglomeriert. Als Mahlkörper wurden Kugeln aus Siliciumnitrid verwendet. Anschliessend wurde die Suspension in einer Schichtdicke von anfangs 30 mm bei 100°C in 24 Stunden getrocknet. Die getrocknete Masse wurde mit einem Walzenbrecher zerkleinert und die Fraktion mit einer Korngrösse von 0,1 bis 1,4 mm ausgesiebt. Die Körner wurden unter Stickstoff bei Normaldruck 3 Stunden bei 1750°C gesintert. Nach dem Sintern wurde eine P-36-Körnung (gemäss FEPA-Standard) ausgesiebt. In a stirred ball mill (251 usable volume) with a circulation container, 46 kg of silicon nitride powder with a specific surface area of 10 m2 / g and an oxygen content of 1.5% by weight (type SN-E 10, ÜBE, Japan) and 1.5 kg of aluminum oxide powder (Type CS 400, Martinswerk GmbH, Bergheim, Germany) and 2.5 kg of yttrium oxide powder (HC Starck, Goslar, Germany) and 2 kg of auxiliaries (liquefier, defoamer, amino alcohol as base) mixed in 50 l of demineralized water for 4 hours and deagglomerated. Balls of silicon nitride were used as grinding media. The suspension was then dried in a layer thickness of initially 30 mm at 100 ° C. in 24 hours. The dried mass was crushed with a roller crusher and the fraction with a grain size of 0.1 to 1.4 mm was sieved out. The grains were sintered under nitrogen at normal pressure for 3 hours at 1750 ° C. After sintering, a P-36 grain (according to the FEPA standard) was sieved out.

Die Sinterdichte wurde pyknometrisch zu 3,2 g/ml bestimmt. Eine Mikrohärtebestimmung nach Vickers ergab einen Wert von 18,3 GPa, die Bruchzähigkeit betrug Kic = 7 MPa • m1/2. The sintered density was determined pycnometrically to be 3.2 g / ml. A micro hardness determination according to Vickers showed a value of 18.3 GPa, the fracture toughness was Kic = 7 MPa • m1 / 2.

Beispiel 2 Example 2

Es wurde verfahren wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben, wobei der Suspension noch 1,5 kg Polyvinylal-kohol (PVA) als temporärer Binder und 1,5 kg Po-lyethylenglykol (PEG) als Gleitmittel zugesetzt wurden. The procedure was as described in Example 1, 1.5 kg of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) as a temporary binder and 1.5 kg of polyethylene glycol (PEG) as a lubricant being added to the suspension.

Die Suspension wurde sprühgetrocknet und das so erhaltene Granulat bei einem Druck von 100 MPa zu Platten der Dimension 90 x 90 x 20 mm3 gepresst. Die Platten wurden mit einem Walzenbrecher zerkleinert. Mit dem zerkleinerten Material wurde wie in Beispiel 1 beschrieben weiter verfahren. The suspension was spray-dried and the granules obtained in this way were pressed at a pressure of 100 MPa into plates measuring 90 × 90 × 20 mm 3. The plates were crushed with a roller crusher. The comminuted material was further processed as described in Example 1.

Das schliesslich erhaltene Schleifkorn hatte im Rahmen der Messgenauigkeit die gleichen Eigenschaften wie das Produkt aus Beispiel 1. The finally obtained abrasive grain had the same properties as the product from Example 1 within the scope of the measurement accuracy.

Claims (1)

Patentansprüche Claims 1. Gesintertes Schleifkorn aus Siliciumnitrid, gegebenenfalls mit Zusatz von Carbiden, weiteren Nitriden, Boriden oder hochschmelzenden Metallen, und wenigstens einem Sinteradditiv aus der Gruppe der Oxide, Doppeloxide und Mischoxide des Aluminiums, Magnesiums und der Seltenen Erden.1. Sintered abrasive grain made of silicon nitride, optionally with the addition of carbides, further nitrides, borides or refractory metals, and at least one sintering additive from the group of oxides, double oxides and mixed oxides of aluminum, magnesium and rare earths. 2. Gesintertes Schleifkorn nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es als Sinteradditiv ein Gemisch aus Aluminiumoxid und Magnesiumoxid oder wenigstens einem Seltenerdoxid und/oder ein entsprechendes Doppel- oder Mischoxid enthält.2. Sintered abrasive grain according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains as a sintering additive a mixture of aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide or at least one rare earth oxide and / or a corresponding double or mixed oxide. 3. Gesintertes Schleifkorn nach Anspruch 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es als Sinteradditiv ein Gemisch aus Aluminiumoxid und Yttriumoxid und/ oder ein entsprechendes Doppeloxid enthält.3. Sintered abrasive grain according to claim 2, characterized in that it contains a mixture of aluminum oxide and yttrium oxide and / or a corresponding double oxide as a sintering additive. 4. Gesintertes Schleifkorn nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, gekennzeichnet durch eine Mi-krohärte nach Vickers von wenigstens 16 GPa und eine Bruchzähigkeit Kic von wenigstens 6 MPa • m1/2.4. Sintered abrasive grain according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by a Mi-hardness according to Vickers of at least 16 GPa and a fracture toughness Kic of at least 6 MPa • m1 / 2. 5. Verfahren zur Herstellung von gesintertem Schleifkorn gemäss Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Siliciumnitridpulver, gegebenenfalls mit Zusatz von Carbiden, weiteren Nitriden, Boriden oder hochschmelzenden Metallen, mit wenigstens einem Sinteradditiv aus der Gruppe der Oxide, Doppeloxide und Mischoxide des Aluminiums, Magnesiums und der Seltenen Erden und/oder entsprechenden Vorläuferverbindungen, die beim Erhitzen in die genannten Oxide, Doppeloxide oder Mischoxide übergehen, gemischt, verfestigt und bei 1650 bis 1800°C unter Normaldruck oder erhöhtem Gasdruck gesintert wird.5. A method for producing sintered abrasive grain according to claim 1, characterized in that silicon nitride powder, optionally with the addition of carbides, further nitrides, borides or refractory metals, with at least one sintering additive from the group of oxides, double oxides and mixed oxides of aluminum, magnesium and the rare earths and / or corresponding precursor compounds, which pass into the oxides, double oxides or mixed oxides mentioned when heated, mixed, solidified and sintered at 1650 to 1800 ° C. under normal pressure or elevated gas pressure. 6. Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Sinteradditiv ein Gemisch aus Aluminiumoxid und Magnesiumoxid oder wenigstens einem Seltenerdoxid und/oder ein entsprechendes Doppel- oder Mischoxid eingesetzt wird.6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that a mixture of aluminum oxide and magnesium oxide or at least one rare earth oxide and / or a corresponding double or mixed oxide is used as the sintering additive. 7. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass als Sinteradditiv ein Gemisch aus Aluminiumoxid und Yttriumoxid und/oder ein entsprechendes Doppeloxid eingesetzt wird.7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that a mixture of aluminum oxide and yttrium oxide and / or a corresponding double oxide is used as the sintering additive. 8. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 5 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Mischen in einer Suspension in einer Vorrichtung aus der Gruppe der Kolloidmühlen, Attritoren, Rührwerkskugelmühlen, Ringspaltmühlen und Vibrationsmühlen durchgeführt und die Suspension anschliessend getrocknet wird.8. The method according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that the mixing is carried out in a suspension in a device from the group of colloid mills, attritors, agitator ball mills, annular gap mills and vibration mills and the suspension is then dried. 55 1010th 1515 2020th 2525th 3030th 3535 4040 4545 5050 5555 6060 6565 33rd 55 CH 685 051 A5CH 685 051 A5 9. Verfahren nach Anspruch 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Mischen gleichzeitig mit der Desagglomeration des Siliciumnitrids durchgeführt wird.9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that the mixing is carried out simultaneously with the deagglomeration of the silicon nitride. 10. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 5 bis 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Verfestigung des Gemisches aus Siliciumnitridpulver und Sinteradditiven durch Trockenpressen erfolgt und die so verdichtete Masse anschliessend auf Schleifkorngrösse zerkleinert wird.10. The method according to one or more of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that the solidification of the mixture of silicon nitride powder and sintering additives is carried out by dry pressing and the compacted mass is then comminuted to abrasive grain size. 55 1010th 1515 2020th 2525th 3030th 3535 4040 4545 5050 5555 6060 6565 44th
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DE102012207802A1 (en) * 2012-05-10 2013-11-28 Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG Silicon nitride ceramics and process for their preparation
US8753558B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2014-06-17 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Forming shaped abrasive particles
US8758461B2 (en) 2010-12-31 2014-06-24 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Abrasive particles having particular shapes and methods of forming such particles
US8764863B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2014-07-01 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Composite shaped abrasive particles and method of forming same
US8840695B2 (en) 2011-12-30 2014-09-23 Saint-Gobain Ceramics & Plastics, Inc. Shaped abrasive particle and method of forming same
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