JP6248456B2 - Rolling bearing and method of assembling rolling bearing - Google Patents

Rolling bearing and method of assembling rolling bearing Download PDF

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JP6248456B2
JP6248456B2 JP2013158941A JP2013158941A JP6248456B2 JP 6248456 B2 JP6248456 B2 JP 6248456B2 JP 2013158941 A JP2013158941 A JP 2013158941A JP 2013158941 A JP2013158941 A JP 2013158941A JP 6248456 B2 JP6248456 B2 JP 6248456B2
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inner ring
rolling bearing
steel balls
outer ring
diameter dimension
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JP2015031301A (en
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加藤　弘之
弘之 加藤
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JTEKT Corp
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Description

本発明は、転がり軸受および転がり軸受の組立方法に係わり、より詳しくは軸方向に分割された内輪または外輪を有する、複列の転がり軸受の構造および転がり軸受の組立方法に関する。   The present invention relates to a rolling bearing and a method for assembling the rolling bearing, and more particularly to a structure of a double row rolling bearing having an inner ring or an outer ring divided in the axial direction and a method for assembling the rolling bearing.

通常、旋回軸受等の複列の軌道を有する転がり軸受は、外輪は軸方向に２列の軌道を有し、内輪は軸方向に分割され、分割された両内輪にそれぞれ軌道が形成されている。分割された内輪は、転動体を組込み後、軸方向すきまが所定の値となるよう、分割面の間隔が調整されている。   Usually, in a rolling bearing having a double row raceway such as a slewing bearing, the outer ring has two rows of raceways in the axial direction, the inner race is divided in the axial direction, and the raceways are formed on both of the divided inner races. . In the divided inner ring, after assembling the rolling elements, the interval between the divided surfaces is adjusted so that the axial clearance becomes a predetermined value.

例えばＣＴスキャン等の高い剛性を求められる用途や、高い回転精度を求められる用途に使用される転がり軸受においては、軸方向すきまは、負すきま、すなわち予圧となるよう設定されている。しかし、過大な予圧は旋回トルクの増加をもたらし、異常発熱や、短寿命の原因となる。ここで、予圧のばらつきを抑えることを目的として、分割面に配置したシムの厚さ調整によって所定の予圧が設定される、転がり軸受の予圧設定方法すなわち軸方向すきまの設定方法が有る。（特許文献１参照）   For example, in rolling bearings used for applications requiring high rigidity such as CT scan and applications requiring high rotational accuracy, the axial clearance is set to be a negative clearance, that is, a preload. However, an excessive preload causes an increase in turning torque, causing abnormal heat generation and a short life. Here, there is a rolling bearing preload setting method, that is, an axial clearance setting method, in which a predetermined preload is set by adjusting the thickness of shims arranged on the dividing surface for the purpose of suppressing variations in preload. (See Patent Document 1)

特開２００３−２１１３６号公報JP 2003-21136 A

しかし、前記の特許文献１に記載の転がり軸受の軸方向すきまの設定方法においては、他部位を基準面とした間接的な測定と、計算に基づいて、分割面の間隔を求めるため、測定誤差が生じる。また、計算に基づき、所定の軸方向すきまが得られるシムの厚さを設定しても、剛性の低いシムを、設定通りの厚さに加工することは難しく、軸方向すきまのばらつきを、例えば２０μｍ以下の非常に小さい値に抑えることは困難である。   However, in the method of setting the axial clearance of the rolling bearing described in Patent Document 1, since the distance between the divided surfaces is obtained based on indirect measurement using other parts as a reference surface and calculation, measurement error Occurs. Also, based on the calculation, even if you set the thickness of the shim to obtain a predetermined axial clearance, it is difficult to process a shim with low rigidity to the set thickness, and variations in axial clearance, for example, It is difficult to keep it to a very small value of 20 μm or less.

また、軸方向すきまのばらつきを抑える方法として、一旦組立てた転がり軸受の軸方向すきまを測定した後、分解し、外輪または内輪の分割面を、前記軸方向すきまの測定値と、所定の軸方向すきまの差に等しい値だけ再研磨する方法がある。しかし、分解、研磨、再組立の加工工数は膨大である。また、分割面の再研磨における加工誤差を抑えることは難しく、軸方向すきまのばらつきを、前述の非常に小さい値に抑えることは困難である。   Also, as a method of suppressing the variation in the axial clearance, after measuring the axial clearance of the rolling bearings once assembled, disassemble and split the outer ring or inner ring split surface into the measured value of the axial clearance and the predetermined axial direction. There is a method of re-polishing by a value equal to the gap difference. However, the man-hours for disassembly, polishing, and reassembly are enormous. In addition, it is difficult to suppress a processing error in re-polishing the divided surface, and it is difficult to suppress the variation in the axial clearance to the above-described very small value.

本発明は、軸方向すきまのばらつきが非常に小さく、かつ、加工工数の少ない転がり軸受および転がり軸受の組立方法を提供することを目的としている。   SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a rolling bearing and an assembling method of the rolling bearing that have a very small variation in axial clearance and a small number of processing steps.

上記の課題を解決するため、請求項１に係る発明の構成上の特徴は、内周部に２列の外輪軌道が形成された外輪と、外周部に２列の内輪軌道が形成された内輪と、前記外輪の２列の外輪軌道と前記内輪の２列の内輪軌道の間で転動する２列の複数の転動体と、を備え、所定の軸方向すきまを有する転がり軸受であって、前記外輪および前記内輪の少なくとも一方は軸線方向に２分割されるとともに両分割面を対峙して配置され、対峙する両分割面の少なくともいずれか一方に、円環状の玉溝を有し、前記玉溝内に所定の直径寸法Ａを有する複数の鋼球が配置され、前記複数の鋼球が前記玉溝の軸線方向の底面を含む対峙する両分割面に接触することにより、前記所定の軸方向すきまを得るもので、前記玉溝の円周上１箇所に、前記底面から前記転がり軸受の外部に貫通するとともに、軸線に平行で、断面が前記鋼球の直径より僅かに大きい円形の挿入孔が形成されたことである。 In order to solve the above problems, the structural feature of the invention according to claim 1 is that an outer ring in which two rows of outer ring raceways are formed in the inner peripheral portion and an inner ring in which two rows of inner ring raceways are formed in the outer peripheral portion. A plurality of rolling elements rolling between two rows of outer ring raceways of the outer ring and two rows of inner ring raceways of the inner ring, and a rolling bearing having a predetermined axial clearance, At least one of the outer ring and the inner ring is divided into two in the axial direction and arranged so that both divided surfaces face each other. At least one of both divided surfaces facing each other has an annular ball groove, A plurality of steel balls having a predetermined diameter dimension A are disposed in the groove, and the plurality of steel balls are in contact with both opposing divided surfaces including the bottom surface in the axial direction of the ball groove, whereby the predetermined axial direction and it obtains a gap, the circumference on one position of the ball groove, before from the bottom surface With penetrating to the outside of the rolling bearing, and parallel to the axis, it is that the cross-section insertion hole of slightly larger circular than the diameter of the steel ball is formed.

本発明の構成によれば、前記円環状の玉溝に配置された前記複数の鋼球が前記玉溝の軸線方向の底面を含む軸線方向に２分割された前記外輪または前記内輪の対峙する両分割面に接触することにより、前記外輪または前記内輪の２列の前記軌道の軸線方向の間隔が決まる。すなわち、前記外輪または前記内輪の２列の前記軌道の軸線方向の間隔は、前記複数の鋼球の直径を変更することで変更可能であり、適正な寸法の鋼球を用いることで、所定の軸方向すきまの設定が可能である。   According to the configuration of the present invention, the plurality of steel balls arranged in the annular ball groove are opposed to the outer ring or the inner ring divided into two in the axial direction including the bottom surface in the axial direction of the ball groove. By contacting the dividing surface, the axial distance between the two races of the outer ring or the inner ring is determined. That is, the axial spacing of the two races of the outer ring or the inner ring can be changed by changing the diameter of the plurality of steel balls, and by using steel balls of appropriate dimensions, Axial clearance can be set.

シムの厚さの公差や、外輪または内輪の幅の公差が数１０μｍであるのに対し、鋼球の直径の公差は、数μｍと、はるかに小さいため、２列の前記軌道の軸線方向の間隔を前記鋼球で調整することにより、軸方向すきまのばらつきを従来の転がり軸受にくらべ大幅に縮小することができる。   The tolerance of the thickness of the shim and the tolerance of the width of the outer ring or inner ring is several tens of μm, whereas the tolerance of the diameter of the steel ball is a few μm, which is much smaller. By adjusting the distance with the steel balls, the variation in the axial clearance can be greatly reduced as compared with the conventional rolling bearing.

さらに、前記複数の鋼球を前記挿入孔から挿入することにより、容易に前記複数の鋼球を前記玉溝に配置することができる。 Furthermore, by inserting the plurality of steel balls from the insertion hole , the plurality of steel balls can be easily arranged in the ball groove.

上記の課題を解決するため、請求項２に係る発明の構成上の特徴は、前記玉溝は軸線方向の底面が円弧形状に形成されたことである。 In order to solve the above-described problem, a structural feature of the invention according to claim 2 is that the ball groove has an axial bottom surface formed in an arc shape.

本発明の構成によれば、前記複数の鋼球と前記玉溝の軸線方向の底面とが接触し、軸線方向の荷重が作用したとき、接触面が半径方向に長い楕円形状となり、前記底面が平面の場合にくらべ接触面圧が低下する。すなわち、軸線方向に分割された外輪または内輪を軸線方向に締め付けた時の変形が小さくなり、軸方向すきまが安定する。   According to the configuration of the present invention, when the plurality of steel balls are in contact with the bottom surface in the axial direction of the ball groove and an axial load is applied, the contact surface has an elliptical shape that is long in the radial direction, and the bottom surface is The contact surface pressure is lower than that of a flat surface. That is, deformation when the outer ring or the inner ring divided in the axial direction is tightened in the axial direction is reduced, and the axial clearance is stabilized.

上記の課題を解決するため、請求項３に係る発明の構成上の特徴は、請求項１及び請求項２のいずれか一項に記載の転がり軸受を組立てる組立方法であって、同一の呼び直径であって直径寸法によって複数の群に区分された鋼球のうち、直径寸法Ｂの群に属する複数の鋼球を前記分割面間に組み込んで、軸方向すきまＣを測定する第１工程と、前記第１工程で測定した前記軸方向すきまＣと、前記直径寸法Ｂとに基づいて、前記所定の直径寸法Ａを決定する第２工程と、前記直径寸法Ｂの群に属する複数の鋼球を、前記挿入孔を通して、前記直径寸法Ａの群に属する複数の鋼球に入れ替える第３工程と、を有することである。
In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, a structural feature of the invention according to claim 3 is an assembling method for assembling the rolling bearing according to any one of claims 1 and 2 , wherein the same nominal diameter is provided. A first step of measuring the axial clearance C by incorporating a plurality of steel balls belonging to the group of diameter dimension B among the steel balls divided into a plurality of groups by the diameter dimension, between the divided surfaces; A second step of determining the predetermined diameter dimension A based on the axial clearance C measured in the first step and the diameter dimension B, and a plurality of steel balls belonging to the group of the diameter dimension B And a third step of replacing with a plurality of steel balls belonging to the group of the diameter dimension A through the insertion hole .

鋼球は同一ゲージ毎に梱包して出荷される。ゲージの間隔、範囲は鋼球の等級によって異なる。一般的な等級であるＧ４０においては、ゲージの間隔は４μｍ、ゲージ範囲は−１６μｍから＋１６μｍとなっている。本発明の転がり軸受の組立方法によると、例えばＧ４０の鋼球を全ゲージ準備することにより、最適なゲージを選定し、軸方向すきまのばらつきを最小４μｍ程度に抑えることができる。すなわち、従来の転がり軸受の組立方法にくらべ軸方向すきまのばらつきを大幅に抑えることが可能である。   Steel balls are packaged and shipped for each gauge. Gauge spacing and range vary depending on steel ball grade. In G40, which is a general grade, the distance between gauges is 4 μm, and the gauge range is −16 μm to +16 μm. According to the rolling bearing assembling method of the present invention, for example, by preparing all gauges of G40 steel balls, an optimal gauge can be selected, and variation in axial clearance can be suppressed to a minimum of about 4 μm. That is, it is possible to greatly suppress the variation in the axial clearance as compared with the conventional rolling bearing assembly method.

本発明によれば、軸方向すきまのばらつきが非常に小さく、かつ、加工工数の少ない転がり軸受および転がり軸受の組立方法を提供することができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a rolling bearing and a method of assembling the rolling bearing with very small variations in axial clearance and a small number of processing steps.

本発明の実施形態の転がり軸受の平面図である。It is a top view of the rolling bearing of the embodiment of the present invention. 図１のＡ−Ａ断面図である。It is AA sectional drawing of FIG. 図１のＢ−Ｂ断面図である。It is BB sectional drawing of FIG.

この発明の実施の形態を、以下図面を参照して説明する。
図１は、本発明の実施形態の転がりの平面図である。図２は図１のＡ−Ａ断面図である。 Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a plan view of rolling according to an embodiment of the present invention. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.

図１、図２において、転がり軸受１は、内周に２列の外輪軌道１１、１２が形成された外輪１０と、外周に内輪軌道２１を有する内輪２０と、外周に内輪軌道３１を有し、外輪軌道１１、１２の中間で内輪２０と軸方向に対峙する内輪３０と、外輪軌道１１と内輪軌道２１の間および外輪軌道１２と内輪軌道３１の間に転動自在に配置された転動体としての複列の複数の玉４０と、各列の複数の玉４０を保持する２個の保持器５０と、内輪２０と内輪３０の間に介在する複数の鋼球６０と、止め栓７０と、内輪２０および内輪３０を締結する複数の締結ボルト８０と、で構成されている。   1 and 2, the rolling bearing 1 has an outer ring 10 having two rows of outer ring raceways 11 and 12 formed on the inner circumference, an inner ring 20 having an inner ring raceway 21 on the outer circumference, and an inner ring raceway 31 on the outer circumference. An inner ring 30 that faces the inner ring 20 in the axial direction between the outer ring raceways 11 and 12, and a rolling element that is arranged to roll freely between the outer ring raceway 11 and the inner ring raceway 21 and between the outer ring raceway 12 and the inner ring raceway 31. A plurality of balls 40 as a double row, two cages 50 holding the plurality of balls 40 in each row, a plurality of steel balls 60 interposed between the inner ring 20 and the inner ring 30, and a stopper 70 , And a plurality of fastening bolts 80 that fasten the inner ring 20 and the inner ring 30.

外輪１０は軸受鋼等の鋼材からなる円環状の部材で、内周２列の外輪軌道１１、１２が形成されている。内輪２０は軸受鋼等の鋼材からなる円環状の部材で、外周に内輪軌道２１が形成されている。内輪軌道２１は、径方向外方で外輪軌道１２の方向に傾く接触角を有する形状に形成されている。内輪３０は軸受鋼等の鋼材からなる円環状の部材で、外周に内輪軌道３１が形成されている。内輪軌道３１は、径方向外方で外輪軌道１１の方向に傾く接触角を有する形状に形成されている。   The outer ring 10 is an annular member made of a steel material such as bearing steel, and outer ring raceways 11 and 12 in two inner circumferential rows are formed. The inner ring 20 is an annular member made of a steel material such as bearing steel, and an inner ring raceway 21 is formed on the outer periphery. The inner ring raceway 21 is formed in a shape having a contact angle that is inclined radially outward in the direction of the outer ring raceway 12. The inner ring 30 is an annular member made of a steel material such as bearing steel, and an inner ring raceway 31 is formed on the outer periphery. The inner ring raceway 31 is formed in a shape having a contact angle that is inclined radially outward in the direction of the outer ring raceway 11.

内輪２０、内輪３０は軸方向に対峙する面にそれぞれ、軸線に直交する分割面２２、分割面３２を有している。分割面２２、分割面３２の径方向外方にはそれぞれ軸線方向に凹む環状の玉溝２３、３３が対峙して形成されている。玉溝２３、３３の軸線方向の底面２４、３４は軸線方向の断面が円弧形状であり、曲率半径は例えば、鋼球６０の直径の５０．５％から５５％程度と、鋼球６０の半径より僅かに大きい値に形成されている。また、内輪２０は、軸線方向に分割面２２と反対側の側面２５から玉溝２３に貫通する軸線に平行な１個の挿入孔２６を有し、挿入孔２６の断面は、直径が鋼球６０の直径より僅かに大きい円形に形成されている。   The inner ring 20 and the inner ring 30 have a dividing surface 22 and a dividing surface 32 that are orthogonal to the axis, respectively, on the surfaces facing each other in the axial direction. On the outer sides in the radial direction of the dividing surface 22 and the dividing surface 32, annular ball grooves 23 and 33 that are recessed in the axial direction are formed opposite to each other. The axial bottom surfaces 24, 34 of the ball grooves 23, 33 are arc-shaped in cross section in the axial direction, and the radius of curvature is, for example, about 50.5% to 55% of the diameter of the steel ball 60, and the radius of the steel ball 60 A slightly larger value is formed. Further, the inner ring 20 has one insertion hole 26 parallel to the axis passing through the ball groove 23 from the side surface 25 opposite to the dividing surface 22 in the axial direction, and the section of the insertion hole 26 has a diameter of a steel ball. It is formed in a circle slightly larger than 60 diameters.

複数の鋼球６０は、軸受鋼等の鋼材からなる同一ゲージで同一ロットの転がり軸受用鋼球で、等級は一般的な等級であるＧ４０であり、同一ロット内の直径の相互差は２μｍである。複数の鋼球６０は玉溝２３、３３の軸線方向の底面２４、３４に接触して玉溝２３、３３内に配置されている。   A plurality of steel balls 60 are steel balls for rolling bearings of the same lot made of steel materials such as bearing steel, and the grade is G40 which is a general grade, and the difference in diameter within the same lot is 2 μm. is there. The plurality of steel balls 60 are disposed in the ball grooves 23 and 33 in contact with the bottom surfaces 24 and 34 in the axial direction of the ball grooves 23 and 33.

止め栓７０は鋼材または樹脂からなる円柱形状で、直径は挿入孔２６の直径より僅かに小さく、長さは挿入孔２６の長さに略等しい。止め栓７０は一方側の端部に軸線方向の拡張ねじ部７１を有し、他方側の端部を玉溝２３に向けて挿入孔２６に挿入されている。拡張ねじ部７１には外周にテーパーねじが形成されたプラグ７２が螺合し、テーパーねじの螺合によって拡径した止め栓７０の外周と挿入孔２６の内周の間の締代によって止め栓７０は挿入孔２６内に固定されている。   The stopper plug 70 has a cylindrical shape made of steel or resin, and has a diameter slightly smaller than the diameter of the insertion hole 26 and a length substantially equal to the length of the insertion hole 26. The stopper plug 70 has an extension screw portion 71 in the axial direction at one end portion, and is inserted into the insertion hole 26 with the other end portion facing the ball groove 23. A plug 72 having a taper screw formed on the outer periphery thereof is screwed onto the expansion screw portion 71, and the stopper plug is formed by a tightening margin between the outer periphery of the stopper plug 70 expanded in diameter by the screwing of the taper screw and the inner periphery of the insertion hole 26. 70 is fixed in the insertion hole 26.

図３は図１のＢ−Ｂ断面図である。図３において、内輪２０の玉溝２３の径方向内方には複数のねじ穴２７が軸線に平行に形成されている。 内輪３０には、内輪２０のねじ穴２７と対峙して、分割面３２から分割面３２と反対側の側面３５に貫通する複数の貫通穴３６が軸線に平行に形成されている。貫通穴３６の側面３５側には、ざぐり面３７を有するざぐり３８が形成されている。   3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. In FIG. 3, a plurality of screw holes 27 are formed in parallel to the axis on the radially inner side of the ball groove 23 of the inner ring 20. In the inner ring 30, a plurality of through holes 36 that penetrate from the dividing surface 32 to the side surface 35 on the side opposite to the dividing surface 32 are formed in parallel with the axial line, facing the screw holes 27 of the inner ring 20. A counterbore 38 having a counterbore surface 37 is formed on the side surface 35 side of the through hole 36.

複数の締結ボルト８０は、六角穴付ボルトであり、内輪３０の貫通穴３６を挿通し、ねじ部８１を内輪２０のねじ穴２７に螺合し、頭部座面８２を内輪３０のざぐり面３７に接して、内輪２０と内輪３０を締結している。このとき、本発明の実施形態の転がり軸受１の軸方向すきまは、例えば、−１０μｍの負すきま、すなわち予圧が設定されている。   The plurality of fastening bolts 80 are hexagon socket head cap bolts, are inserted through the through-holes 36 of the inner ring 30, screw the screw portions 81 into the screw holes 27 of the inner ring 20, and the head seating surface 82 is the counterbore surface of the inner ring 30. 37, the inner ring 20 and the inner ring 30 are fastened. At this time, the axial clearance of the rolling bearing 1 according to the embodiment of the present invention is set to, for example, a negative clearance of −10 μm, that is, a preload.

次に、図２、図３に基づいて、本発明の実施形態の転がり軸受１の組立方法について説明する。
鋼球６０の等級はＧ４０であり、直径は玉溝２３の底面２４と玉溝３３底面３４との軸線方向の最大間隔に等しい。このとき、鋼球６０のゲージの間隔は４μｍ、ゲージの範囲は−１６μｍから＋１６μｍ、となっている。 Next, based on FIG. 2, FIG. 3, the assembly method of the rolling bearing 1 of embodiment of this invention is demonstrated.
The grade of the steel ball 60 is G40, and the diameter is equal to the maximum distance in the axial direction between the bottom surface 24 of the ball groove 23 and the bottom surface 34 of the ball groove 33. At this time, the gauge interval of the steel balls 60 is 4 μm, and the gauge range is −16 μm to +16 μm.

また、外輪１０、内輪２０、内輪３０、玉４０は予め、同一ゲージの鋼球６０を使用したとき、軸方向すきまの範囲が、鋼球６０の全ゲージの範囲と等しくなるよう、外輪軌道１１、１２の間隔、内輪軌道２１、３１の間隔、玉溝２４、３４の底面の寸法等が所定の寸法に仕上げられ、２列の複数の玉の公差が選定されている。この軸方向すきまの範囲の確保は通常の加工、組立方法で達成可能な範囲である。   The outer ring 10, the inner ring 20, the inner ring 30, and the ball 40 have an outer ring raceway 11 such that when a steel ball 60 of the same gauge is used in advance, the range of the axial clearance is equal to the range of all gauges of the steel ball 60. , 12, the inner ring raceways 21, 31, and the bottom surface dimensions of the ball grooves 24, 34 are finished to predetermined dimensions, and tolerances of a plurality of balls in two rows are selected. This range of axial clearance can be ensured by ordinary processing and assembly methods.

組立工程１は、外輪軌道１１と内輪軌道２１の間および外輪軌道１２と内輪軌道３１の間に複列の保持器５０に保持された複数の玉４０を配置して、外輪１０、内輪２０、内輪３０を配置し、複数の締結ボルト８０で内輪２０と内輪３０の仮締結を行う。このとき、玉溝２３の底面２４と玉溝３３の底面３４の間に鋼球６０の直径より僅かに広い軸線方向の間隔を確保しておく。   In the assembly process 1, a plurality of balls 40 held by the double row cage 50 are arranged between the outer ring raceway 11 and the inner ring raceway 21 and between the outer ring raceway 12 and the inner ring raceway 31, and the outer ring 10, the inner ring 20, The inner ring 30 is disposed, and the inner ring 20 and the inner ring 30 are temporarily fastened by a plurality of fastening bolts 80. At this time, an axial interval slightly larger than the diameter of the steel ball 60 is secured between the bottom surface 24 of the ball groove 23 and the bottom surface 34 of the ball groove 33.

組立工程２は、最大ゲージすなわち＋１６μｍの所定の個数の鋼球６０を、内輪２０の挿入孔２６より挿入し、玉溝２３と玉溝３３からなる環状の空間に回し入れる。鋼球６０の挿入が完了後、挿入孔２６に止め栓７０を挿入し、止め栓７０の仮固定をおこなう。この状態で複数の締結ボルト８０を所定のトルクで締付け、内輪２０と内輪３０の締結を行う。   In the assembling process 2, a predetermined number of steel balls 60 having a maximum gauge, that is, +16 μm, are inserted through the insertion holes 26 of the inner ring 20 and turned into an annular space formed by the ball grooves 23 and the ball grooves 33. After the insertion of the steel ball 60 is completed, the stopper plug 70 is inserted into the insertion hole 26 and the stopper plug 70 is temporarily fixed. In this state, the plurality of fastening bolts 80 are fastened with a predetermined torque, and the inner ring 20 and the inner ring 30 are fastened.

組立工程３は軸方向すきまの測定と鋼球６０のゲージ選択の工程である。
軸方向すきまの測定は、転がり軸受１の外輪１０を軸方向すきま測定機に軸線を垂直に固定し、内輪２０、内輪３０を軸方向に移動させ、内輪２０または内輪３０の側面の軸方向移動量を測定することにより行われる。実際の軸方向すきまは、測定された軸方向移動量から測定荷重による変位量を引いた値である。 The assembly process 3 is a process for measuring the axial clearance and selecting a gauge for the steel ball 60.
The axial clearance is measured by fixing the outer ring 10 of the rolling bearing 1 to the axial clearance measuring machine with the axis line vertically fixed, moving the inner ring 20 and the inner ring 30 in the axial direction, and moving the inner ring 20 or the side surface of the inner ring 30 in the axial direction. This is done by measuring the quantity. The actual axial clearance is a value obtained by subtracting the displacement due to the measured load from the measured axial movement.

そして、完成品の複数の鋼球６０は設定された軸方向すきまからここで測定された実際の軸方向すきまと組立工程２で使用した鋼球６０のゲージとの差を減じた値のゲージを選定する。例えば、設定された軸方向すきまが−１０μｍ、測定された実際の軸方向すきまが１０μｍ、使用した鋼球６０のゲージが＋１６μｍの場合、設定された軸方向すきま−１０μｍを確保する鋼球６０のゲージとして、−４μｍが選定される。   The plurality of steel balls 60 in the finished product have a gauge with a value obtained by subtracting the difference between the actual axial clearance measured here and the gauge of the steel balls 60 used in the assembly process 2 from the set axial clearance. Select. For example, when the set axial clearance is −10 μm, the measured actual axial clearance is 10 μm, and the gauge of the steel ball 60 used is +16 μm, the steel ball 60 having a set axial clearance of −10 μm is secured. -4 μm is selected as the gauge.

組立工程４は複数の鋼球６０の入替えである。まず、複数の締結ボルト８０を緩め、挿入孔２６の止め栓７０を抜取り、玉溝２３と玉溝３３からなる環状の空間から複数の鋼球６０をすべて取り出す。選定されたゲージである−４μｍの所定の個数の鋼球６０を内輪２０の挿入孔２６より挿入し、玉溝２３と玉溝３３からなる環状の空間に回し入れる。   The assembly process 4 is replacement of a plurality of steel balls 60. First, the plurality of fastening bolts 80 are loosened, the stopper plug 70 of the insertion hole 26 is extracted, and all the plurality of steel balls 60 are extracted from the annular space formed by the ball groove 23 and the ball groove 33. A predetermined number of steel balls 60 of -4 μm, which are selected gauges, are inserted through the insertion holes 26 of the inner ring 20 and turned into an annular space formed by the ball grooves 23 and the ball grooves 33.

鋼球６０の挿入が完了したら、挿入孔２６に止め栓７０を挿入し、止め栓７０の拡張ねじ部７１にプラグ７２を螺合し、止め栓７０を挿入孔２６内に固定する。つぎに、複数の締結ボルト８０を所定のトルクで締付け、内輪２０と内輪３０の締結を行う。この状態で組立工程３と同様の方法で軸方向すきまの最終確認を行う。   When the insertion of the steel ball 60 is completed, the stopper plug 70 is inserted into the insertion hole 26, the plug 72 is screwed into the expansion screw portion 71 of the stopper plug 70, and the stopper plug 70 is fixed in the insertion hole 26. Next, the plurality of fastening bolts 80 are fastened with a predetermined torque, and the inner ring 20 and the inner ring 30 are fastened. In this state, the final confirmation of the axial clearance is performed in the same manner as in the assembly process 3.

上述の組立工程で組立てられた転がり軸受１の実際の軸方向すきまは、設定された−１０μｍの負すきますなわち予圧に対し、ゲージの間隔±２μｍのばらつきが発生し、−８μｍ〜−１２μｍの負すきますなわち予圧となっている。本発明の実施形態によると、分解や再研磨等の加工工数を要せずに、軸方向すきまのばらつきが、従来の転がり軸受の軸方向すきまのばらつきよりはるかに小さい転がり軸受を提供できる。   The actual axial clearance of the rolling bearing 1 assembled in the above-described assembly process has a variation of the gauge interval of ± 2 μm with respect to the set negative clearance of −10 μm, that is, the preload, and is negative from −8 μm to −12 μm. Clearance or preload. According to the embodiment of the present invention, it is possible to provide a rolling bearing in which variation in axial clearance is much smaller than variation in axial clearance of a conventional rolling bearing without requiring processing steps such as disassembly and re-polishing.

上述の実施形態では転がり軸受１は内輪２０、内輪３０が軸方向に分割された形式であるが、この発明では外輪１０が軸方向に分割された形式の転がり軸受であっても良い。   In the above-described embodiment, the rolling bearing 1 is a type in which the inner ring 20 and the inner ring 30 are divided in the axial direction. However, in the present invention, the rolling bearing 1 may be a type in which the outer ring 10 is divided in the axial direction.

上述の実施形態では転がり軸受１は転動体が玉４０である玉軸受であるが、この発明では転動体が円すいころである円すいころ軸受等、他の形式のころがり軸受であっても良い。   In the above-described embodiment, the rolling bearing 1 is a ball bearing in which the rolling element is a ball 40. However, in the present invention, other types of rolling bearings such as a tapered roller bearing in which the rolling element is a tapered roller may be used.

本発明はこうした実施形態に何等限定されるものではなく、本発明の要旨を逸脱しない範囲において、種々なる態様で実施し得ることは当然である。   The present invention is not limited to such embodiments, and can naturally be implemented in various modes without departing from the gist of the present invention.

１ ‥ 転がり軸受
１０ ‥ 外輪
１１、１２ ‥ 外輪軌道
２０、３０ ‥ 内輪
２１、３１ ‥ 内輪軌道
２２、３２ ‥ 分割面
２３、３３ ‥ 玉溝
２４、３４ ‥ 底面
４０ ‥ 玉（転動体）
６０ ‥ 鋼球 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Rolling bearing 10 ... Outer ring 11, 12 ... Outer ring raceway 20, 30 ... Inner ring 21, 31 ... Inner ring raceway 22, 32 ... Dividing surface 23, 33 ... Ball groove 24, 34 ... Bottom side 40 ... Ball (rolling element)
60 ... Steel balls

Claims (3)

内周部に２列の外輪軌道が形成された外輪と、
外周部に２列の内輪軌道が形成された内輪と、
前記外輪の２列の外輪軌道と前記内輪の２列の内輪軌道の間で転動する２列の複数の転動体と、
を備え、所定の軸方向すきまを有する転がり軸受であって、
前記外輪および前記内輪の少なくとも一方は軸線方向に２分割されるとともに両分割面を対峙して配置され、
対峙する両分割面の少なくともいずれか一方に、円環状の玉溝を有し、前記玉溝内に所定の直径寸法Ａを有する複数の鋼球が配置され、前記複数の鋼球が前記玉溝の軸線方向の底面を含む対峙する両分割面に接触することにより、前記所定の軸方向すきまを得るもので、
前記玉溝の円周上１箇所に、前記底面から前記転がり軸受の外部に貫通するとともに、軸線に平行で、断面が前記鋼球の直径より僅かに大きい円形の挿入孔が形成されたことを特徴とする転がり軸受。 An outer ring having two rows of outer ring raceways formed on the inner periphery;
An inner ring having two rows of inner ring raceways formed on the outer periphery;
A plurality of rolling elements in two rows that roll between two rows of outer ring raceways of the outer ring and two rows of inner ring raceways of the inner ring;
A rolling bearing having a predetermined axial clearance,
At least one of the outer ring and the inner ring is divided into two in the axial direction and arranged so as to face both divided surfaces,
A plurality of steel balls having an annular ball groove and having a predetermined diameter dimension A are disposed in at least one of the opposing split surfaces, and the plurality of steel balls are arranged in the ball groove. The predetermined axial clearance is obtained by contacting the opposing split surfaces including the bottom surface in the axial direction of
A circular insertion hole is formed in one place on the circumference of the ball groove from the bottom surface to the outside of the rolling bearing and parallel to the axis and having a cross section slightly larger than the diameter of the steel ball. Characteristic rolling bearing. 前記玉溝は軸線方向の底面が円弧形状に形成されたことを特徴とする請求項１に記載の転がり軸受。   The rolling bearing according to claim 1, wherein the ball groove has an axial bottom surface formed in an arc shape. 請求項１及び請求項２のいずれか一項に記載の転がり軸受を組立てる組立方法であって、
同一の呼び直径であって直径寸法によって複数の群に区分された鋼球のうち、直径寸法Ｂの群に属する複数の鋼球を前記分割面間に組み込んで、軸方向すきまＣを測定する第１工程と、
前記第１工程で測定した前記軸方向すきまＣと、前記直径寸法Ｂとに基づいて、前記所定の直径寸法Ａを決定する第２工程と、
前記直径寸法Ｂの群に属する複数の鋼球を、前記挿入孔を通して、前記直径寸法Ａの群に属する複数の鋼球に入れ替える第３工程と、を有することを特徴とする転がり軸受の組立方法。
An assembly method for assembling the rolling bearing according to any one of claims 1 and 2,
Among the steel balls having the same nominal diameter and divided into a plurality of groups by the diameter dimension, a plurality of steel balls belonging to the group of the diameter dimension B are incorporated between the divided surfaces, and the axial clearance C is measured. 1 process,
A second step of determining the predetermined diameter dimension A based on the axial clearance C measured in the first step and the diameter dimension B;
A third step of replacing a plurality of steel balls belonging to the group of diameter dimension B with a plurality of steel balls belonging to the group of diameter dimension A through the insertion hole, and a method of assembling the rolling bearing, .
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