JP6240249B2 - Metal plastic processing equipment - Google Patents

Description

本発明は、金属塑性加工装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a metal plastic working apparatus.

従来の金属塑性加工装置としては、ワーク外周面のギヤ歯に逆テーパを形成するために、下型に、複数の成形ピンを放射状に配設して、上型のパンチに、成形ピンの基端に摺接可能なテーパ内周面を設け、上型の降下時に、テーパ内周面が成形ピンの基端に摺接して、成形ピンをラジアル内方へ押圧し、成形ピンの先端部をワーク外周面に押圧させて逆テーパ歯を形成する装置が公知である（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   As a conventional metal plastic working apparatus, in order to form a reverse taper on the gear teeth on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece, a plurality of forming pins are arranged radially on the lower die, and the upper die punch is attached to the base of the forming pin. A tapered inner peripheral surface that can be slidably contacted with the end is provided, and when the upper die is lowered, the tapered inner peripheral surface is slidably contacted with the base end of the forming pin to press the forming pin radially inward, and the tip of the forming pin is An apparatus for forming a reverse taper tooth by pressing the work outer peripheral surface is known (for example, see Patent Document 1).

特開平２−２５８１３０号公報JP-A-2-258130

従来の金属塑性加工装置は、成形ピンの基端に平面断面視円弧状の傾斜摺接面を設け、パンチの筒状壁部の内面にテーパ内周面を設けていた。そして、テーパ内周面が傾斜摺接面を摺接しつつ押圧して成形ピンがラジアル内方に所定ストローク前進した成形完了状態で、成形ピンの傾斜摺接面と、パンチのテーパ内周面とが、面状接触するように、傾斜状摺接面の傾き角度及び曲率半径と、テーパ内周面のテーパ角度及び半径と、を設定していた。したがって、傾斜摺接面の上端部と、テーパ内周面の下端部とが摺接を開始してから成形完了状態になるまでの摺接中は、傾斜摺接面とテーパ内周面とが、面状接触せず、成形ピンの傾斜摺接面に軸心方向に（縦線状の）焼き付きや磨耗傷面が発生するという問題や、成形寸法にバラつきが発生するといった問題があった。   In the conventional metal plastic working apparatus, an inclined sliding contact surface having an arc shape in a plan view is provided at the base end of the forming pin, and a tapered inner peripheral surface is provided on the inner surface of the cylindrical wall portion of the punch. Then, the taper inner peripheral surface is pressed while sliding on the inclined slidable contact surface, and the forming pin is advanced in a predetermined stroke radially inward, and the inclined slidable contact surface of the forming pin, the taper inner peripheral surface of the punch, However, the inclination angle and the radius of curvature of the inclined sliding contact surface and the taper angle and the radius of the taper inner peripheral surface are set so as to make a surface contact. Therefore, during the sliding contact between the upper end portion of the inclined sliding contact surface and the lower end portion of the tapered inner peripheral surface until the molding is completed, the inclined sliding contact surface and the tapered inner peripheral surface are However, there was a problem in that the surface contact was not caused, and the slanting contact surface of the forming pin was seized in the axial direction (a vertical line shape) or a wear scratch surface was generated, and the forming dimensions were uneven.

そこで、本発明は、成形ピンの焼き付きを防止して耐久性を向上できると共に、成形ピン交換等の保守点検頻度を軽減でき、しかも、凹部を安定して高精度に成形可能な金属塑性加工装置の提供を目的とする。   Therefore, the present invention can improve the durability by preventing seizure of the forming pin, reduce the frequency of maintenance and inspection such as replacement of the forming pin, and can stably form the concave portion with high accuracy. The purpose is to provide.

上記目的を達成するために、本発明の金属塑性加工装置は、第１金型と第２金型とが相対的に相互にワーク軸心方向に接近すると、ラジアル内方に前進してワーク外周面に凹部を形成する成形ピンを備えた金属塑性加工装置に於て、上記第１金型に、複数本の上記成形ピンを設けると共に上記成形ピンを上記ラジアル内方に前進させるためのリンク機構を上記成形ピンと１対１で設け、上記リンク機構は、上記ワーク軸心方向に往復自在な関節部を有し、上記第２金型からの相対的なワーク軸心一方向の押し力を受けて上記成形ピンを上記ラジアル内方へ前進させて上記凹部を形成するように構成し、さらに、上記成形ピンの前進ストローク量を調整するためのストローク調整手段を具備し、上記ストローク調整手段は、上記第２金型に設けられ、上記リンク機構に対して１対１で設けられると共に上記リンク機構を押圧するための押圧先端面を有する押圧部材と、第２金型基準先端面よりもワーク軸心他方向側に設けた押圧付与面と、上記押圧部材の基端面と上記押圧付与面の間に介装される薄板状の敷き部材と、を備え、上記敷き部材の厚み又は枚数を増減させて、上記第２金型基準先端面から上記押圧部材の上記押圧先端面までの突出寸法を調整することで、上記押圧部材による上記リンク機構への押し込み量を増減させて上記成形ピンの前進ストローク量を調整可能に構成したものである。
また、上記リンク機構を上記ワーク軸心他方向に押圧して上記成形ピンをラジアル外方へ後退させるための戻し用の弾発付勢部材を具備するものである。 In order to achieve the above object, the metal plastic working apparatus of the present invention moves forward radially inward when the first die and the second die relatively approach each other in the axial direction of the workpiece. In a metal plastic working apparatus provided with a forming pin for forming a recess in the surface, a link mechanism for providing a plurality of the forming pins in the first mold and advancing the forming pins in the radial inward direction Are provided in a one-to-one relationship with the forming pin, and the link mechanism has a joint that can reciprocate in the workpiece axial direction and receives a pressing force in one direction relative to the workpiece axial from the second mold. The molding pin is advanced inward in the radial direction to form the recess , and further includes stroke adjusting means for adjusting the amount of advance stroke of the molding pin. Provided in the second mold And a pressing member that is provided on a one-to-one basis with respect to the link mechanism and that has a pressing front end surface for pressing the link mechanism, and is provided on the other side of the workpiece axis from the second mold reference front end surface. A pressing plate, a thin plate-like laying member interposed between the base end surface of the pressing member and the pressing plate, and increasing or decreasing the thickness or the number of the laying members. By adjusting the protrusion dimension from the reference front end surface to the pressing front end surface of the pressing member, the amount of pushing into the link mechanism by the pressing member can be increased or decreased to adjust the forward stroke amount of the forming pin. Monodea Ru.
Also, the link mechanism is intended to include a resilient biasing member for returning for retracting toward the radial outside of the mold pins and pressed against the workpiece axis other direction.

本発明によれば、成形ピンに焼き付きや損傷等の不具合が発生するのを防止でき、成形ピンの状態確認や交換といった保守点検頻度を軽減できる。ワーク外周面に成形する凹部を所定寸法に安定かつ高精度に成形できる。装置（金型）の耐久性を向上できると共に品質が安定し大量生産を効率良く行うことができる。   According to the present invention, it is possible to prevent problems such as seizure and damage on the molding pin, and to reduce the frequency of maintenance and inspection such as confirmation and replacement of the molding pin. The concave portion to be molded on the outer peripheral surface of the workpiece can be molded with a predetermined dimension stably and with high accuracy. The durability of the apparatus (mold) can be improved, the quality is stable, and mass production can be performed efficiently.

本発明の金属塑性加工装置の実施の一形態を示し、成形前の待機状態の要部断面正面図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a metal plastic working device of the present invention, and is a cross-sectional front view of a main part in a standby state before forming. 成形途中状態の要部断面正面図である。It is a principal part cross-sectional front view of the state in the middle of shaping | molding. 成形完了後の金型離間状態の要部断面正面図である。It is a principal part cross-sectional front view of the metal mold | die separation state after shaping | molding completion. 成形ピンを説明するための要部断面正面図である。It is a principal part sectional front view for demonstrating a shaping | molding pin.

以下、図示の実施形態に基づき本発明を詳説する。
本発明に係る金属塑性加工装置は、図１乃至図３に示すように、相対的に相互にワーク軸心Ｌｗ方向に接近離間可能に設けられた第１金型１と第２金型２とを備えている。
第１金型１は、ワーク軸心Ｌｗが第１金型１及び第２金型２の基準軸心Ｌａと同軸心状となるようにワークＷを収容可能な収容部10を有している。
図例では、第１金型１を下型とし、第２金型２は上型として、ワーク軸心Ｌｗ（基準軸心Ｌａ）が鉛直状となるように、図外のプレス機等の押圧力発生手段の上盤と下盤の間に配設している。また、ワークＷは、横断面円形状のワーク外周面90を有する有底円筒状の場合を図示している。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on illustrated embodiments.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the metal plastic working apparatus according to the present invention includes a first mold 1 and a second mold 2 that are provided relatively close to and away from each other in the workpiece axis Lw direction. It has.
The first mold 1 has an accommodating portion 10 that can accommodate the workpiece W so that the workpiece axis Lw is coaxial with the reference axis La of the first mold 1 and the second mold 2. .
In the illustrated example, the first die 1 is a lower die, the second die 2 is an upper die, and a pressing machine such as a press machine or the like not shown in the figure is set so that the workpiece axis Lw (reference axis La) is vertical. The pressure generating means is disposed between the upper and lower boards. Further, the workpiece W is illustrated as having a bottomed cylindrical shape having a workpiece outer peripheral surface 90 having a circular cross section.

第１金型１に、ワーク外周面90に押圧してラジアル内方（ワーク内径方向）Ｒａへ窪んだ凹部91を塑性加工するための成形部をピン先端部31に有する成形ピン３を設けている。
成形ピン３は、第１金型１に、ラジアル方向（ワーク径方向）にスライド自在に設けられ、ワーク軸心Ｌｗ方向の移動は阻止されている。 The first die 1 is provided with a molding pin 3 having a pin tip portion 31 having a molding portion for plastic working of a concave portion 91 that is pressed against the work outer peripheral surface 90 and is depressed radially inward (work inner diameter direction) Ra. Yes.
The forming pin 3 is provided on the first mold 1 so as to be slidable in the radial direction (workpiece radial direction), and is prevented from moving in the work axis Lw direction.

成形ピン３は、ワーク軸心Ｌｗ廻りに複数本、放射状に配設され、全体として（複数本で）、ワークＷの外周面90（ワーク外周面90）にワーク軸心Ｌｗ廻りの凹部91群を成形するための櫛歯を構成している。なお、図例において、凹部91は、ギヤ谷部であり、凹部91群は、ギヤ歯である。   A plurality of forming pins 3 are arranged radially around the workpiece axis Lw, and as a whole (by a plurality), a group of recesses 91 around the workpiece axis Lw is formed on the outer peripheral surface 90 (work outer peripheral surface 90) of the workpiece W. Comb teeth for forming the mold. In the illustrated example, the recess 91 is a gear valley, and the recess 91 group is a gear tooth.

さらに、第１金型１に、成形ピン３をラジアル方向に沿って直線往復移動させるためのリンク機構５を設けている。
リンク機構５は、第１金型１において、ラジアル方向に往復自在に設けられている成形ピン３と、成形ピン３よりもラジアル外方Ｒｂに固設されているリンク用固定部材15と、を連結するように設けている。 Further, the first mold 1 is provided with a link mechanism 5 for linearly reciprocating the forming pin 3 along the radial direction.
The link mechanism 5 includes, in the first mold 1, a molding pin 3 that is reciprocally provided in the radial direction, and a link fixing member 15 that is fixed to the radial outer side Rb of the molding pin 3. It is provided to connect.

リンク機構５は、成形ピン３のピン基端部32と連結する第１先端部51ａを有する第１リンク部材51と、第１リンク部材51の第１基端部51ｂと連結する第２先端部52ａを有すると共にリンク用固定部材15と連結する第２基端部52ｂを有する第２リンク部材52と、を備えている。   The link mechanism 5 includes a first link member 51 having a first distal end portion 51a coupled to the pin proximal end portion 32 of the molding pin 3, and a second distal end portion coupled to the first proximal end portion 51b of the first link member 51. And a second link member 52 having a second base end portion 52 b connected to the link fixing member 15.

リンク機構５は、第１基端部51ｂと第２先端部52ａの連結部をもって、ワーク軸心Ｌｗ方向（アキシャル方向）に往復自在な関節部50を構成している。
また、第２基端部52ｂをラジアル方向に沿って直線移動不可能にリンク用固定部材15に連結してリンク固定端部59を構成している。 The link mechanism 5 has a joint portion 50 that can reciprocate in the workpiece axis Lw direction (axial direction) with a connecting portion between the first base end portion 51b and the second tip end portion 52a.
Further, the second base end portion 52b is connected to the link fixing member 15 so as not to be linearly movable along the radial direction, thereby constituting a link fixing end portion 59.

成形前の待機状態（図１参照）において、関節部50が、ワーク軸心一方向（アキシャル一方向）Ｙｃに移動自在である。
第１リンク部材51は第１基端部51ｂがワーク軸心一方向Ｙｃに移動自在となるように、図例において、ラジアル外方上傾状に保持されている。
第２リンク部材52は第２先端部52ａがワーク軸心一方向Ｙｃに移動自在となるように図例において、ラジアル外方下傾状に保持されている。
待機状態において、第１リンク部材51及び第２リンク部材52とで、全体略への字状の姿勢となる。 In the standby state before molding (see FIG. 1), the joint portion 50 is movable in one direction (axial direction) Yc of the workpiece axis.
In the illustrated example, the first link member 51 is held in a radially outwardly inclined manner so that the first base end portion 51b can move in one direction Yc of the workpiece axis.
The second link member 52 is held in a radially outwardly downwardly inclined manner in the example so that the second tip 52a is movable in the workpiece axis one direction Yc.
In the standby state, the first link member 51 and the second link member 52 are in a generally letter-shaped posture.

図２に示すように、リンク機構５は、関節部50が、第２金型２からの相対的なワーク軸心一方向Ｙｃの押し力Ｆｃを受けると、関節部50がワーク軸心一方向Ｙｃへ移動し、全体形状がヘの字状から一文字状に近づいて、第１先端部51ａが、ピン基端部32をラジアル内方Ｒａへ押圧するように構成している。リンク機構５は、第２金型２の押し力Ｆｃを、成形ピン３がワーク外周面90を押圧するラジアル方向の成形力に変換している。   As shown in FIG. 2, when the joint portion 50 receives a pressing force Fc in the relative work axis one direction Yc from the second mold 2, the link portion 5 causes the joint portion 50 to work in one work axis direction. It moves to Yc, and the overall shape approaches from a square shape to a single character shape, and the first distal end portion 51a is configured to press the pin base end portion 32 toward the radial inner side Ra. The link mechanism 5 converts the pressing force Fc of the second mold 2 into a radial forming force in which the forming pin 3 presses the work outer peripheral surface 90.

また、成形ピン３と第１リンク部材51の連結、第１リンク部材51と第２リンク部材52の連結、第２リンク部材52とリンク用固定部材15の連結は、一方の部材の基端部32，51ｂ，52ｂに、ラジアル外方弯曲凸状の縦断面円弧状乃至Ｃ字状の摺接端面32ｂ，54，56を設け、他方の部材のラジアル内方Ｒａ側（先端部51ａ，52ａやラジアル内方側部15ａ）に、ラジアル外方弯曲凹状の縦断面円弧状乃至Ｃ字状の摺接内周面53ａ，55ａ，16ａが形成された窪部53，55，16を設け、摺接端面32ｂ，54，56と摺接内周面53ａ，55ａ，16ａとを、摺接可能に面状に当接させて揺動自在に連結している。
そして、摺接端面32ｂ，54，56と摺接内周面53ａ，55ａ，16ａを縦断面で１８０度を越えた円弧状乃至Ｃ字状に当接させ、一方の部材の基端部32，51ｂ，52ｂを、他方の部材の窪部53，55，16でくわえるように係合することで、ラジアル方向とアキシャル方向の離間（離脱）を阻止している。
また、窪部53，55，16は、ワーク軸心Ｌｗ廻りの周方向、或いは、ワーク軸心Ｌｗに沿って見てラジアル方向に直交する方向（以下、左右方向と呼ぶ場合がある）に開口している。一方の部材のラジアル外方Ｒｂ側と窪部53，55，16とを、周方向又は左右方向に相対的に相互に接近離間させることで、連結・離脱自在とし、組立や保守点検を容易としている。 Further, the connection between the forming pin 3 and the first link member 51, the connection between the first link member 51 and the second link member 52, and the connection between the second link member 52 and the link fixing member 15 are the base end of one member. 32, 51b, 52b are provided with radial outwardly curved convex longitudinal cross-section arc-shaped to C-shaped sliding contact end faces 32b, 54, 56, and the other member on the radial inner Ra side (tips 51a, 52a and The radial inner side portion 15a) is provided with recesses 53, 55, 16 in which radially outwardly curved concave longitudinal cross-sections or C-shaped sliding contact inner peripheral surfaces 53a, 55a, 16a are formed. The end surfaces 32b, 54, and 56 and the sliding contact inner peripheral surfaces 53a, 55a, and 16a are slidably contacted in a planar shape so as to be swingably connected.
Then, the sliding contact end surfaces 32b, 54, 56 and the sliding contact inner peripheral surfaces 53a, 55a, 16a are brought into contact with each other in an arc shape or C shape exceeding 180 degrees in the longitudinal section, and the base end portion 32 of one member, By engaging 51b and 52b so as to be held by the recesses 53, 55, and 16 of the other member, separation (separation) in the radial direction and the axial direction is prevented.
Further, the recesses 53, 55, and 16 are opened in the circumferential direction around the workpiece axis Lw or in a direction orthogonal to the radial direction when viewed along the workpiece axis Lw (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the left-right direction). doing. By making the radial outer Rb side of one member and the recesses 53, 55, 16 relatively close to each other in the circumferential direction or the left-right direction, they can be connected and detached, making assembly and maintenance inspection easy. Yes.

より具体的には、ピン基端部32は、縦断面円弧状乃至Ｃ字状のピン摺接端面32ｂを有している。第１先端部51ａは、縦断面円弧状乃至Ｃ字状の第１摺接内周面53ａが形成された第１窪部53を有している。
ピン基端部32と第１先端部51ａとは、ピン基端部32の一部が第１窪部53に入り込んだ連結状態で、ピン摺接端面32ｂと第１摺接内周面53ａが面状に摺接し、成形ピン３に対して第１リンク部材51を揺動自在として、第１リンク部材51で成形ピン３をラジアル方向に往復自在としたリンク自由端部（連結部）を構成している。
また、図４に示すように、断面視で、ピン先端面31ａの上下中央位置Ｐと、ピン摺接端面32ｂの中心点Ｑと、の上下位置（基準軸心Ｌａ方向位置）を一致させている。言い換えると、基準軸心Ｌａに対して直交面状の一平面Ｋに、ピン先端面31ａの上下中央位置Ｐと、ピン摺接端面32ｂの中心点Ｑと、の両方が含まれるように第１金型１を構成している。
このように構成することで、ピン基端部32に力を受けた際に、ピン先端部31が中心点Ｑ廻りに上方へ逃げるのを防止でき、成形品の精度を向上できる（凹部91を高精度に成形できる）。 More specifically, the pin base end portion 32 has a pin sliding contact end surface 32b having an arcuate or C-shaped longitudinal section. The first tip 51a has a first recess 53 in which a first slidable contact inner peripheral surface 53a having an arcuate or C-shaped longitudinal section is formed.
The pin base end portion 32 and the first tip end portion 51a are in a connected state in which a part of the pin base end portion 32 enters the first recess 53, and the pin sliding contact end surface 32b and the first sliding contact inner peripheral surface 53a are A free link end portion (connecting portion) is formed which is in sliding contact with the surface, allows the first link member 51 to swing with respect to the forming pin 3, and allows the forming pin 3 to reciprocate in the radial direction with the first link member 51. doing.
Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the vertical position (the position in the reference axis La direction) between the vertical center position P of the pin tip surface 31 a and the center point Q of the pin sliding contact end surface 32 b is made to match in a sectional view. Yes. In other words, the first plane K so as to include both the vertical center position P of the pin tip surface 31a and the center point Q of the pin sliding contact end surface 32b in a plane K that is orthogonal to the reference axis La. A mold 1 is formed.
With this configuration, when the force is applied to the pin base end portion 32, the pin tip portion 31 can be prevented from escaping upward around the center point Q, and the accuracy of the molded product can be improved (the concave portion 91 can be improved). Can be molded with high precision).

また、図１及び図２に示すように、第１基端部51ｂは、縦断面円弧状乃至Ｃ字状の第１摺接端面54を有している。第２先端部52ａは、縦断面円弧状乃至Ｃ字状の第２摺接内周面55ａが形成された第２窪部55を有している。
第１基端部51ｂと第２先端部52ａとは、第１基端部51ｂの一部が第２窪部55に入り込んだ連結状態で、第１摺接端面54と第２摺接内周面55ａが面状に摺接し、関節部50を構成している。 As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the first base end portion 51 b has a first sliding contact end face 54 having a longitudinal section arc shape or a C shape. The second tip portion 52a has a second recess portion 55 in which a second sliding contact inner peripheral surface 55a having an arcuate or C-shaped longitudinal section is formed.
The first base end portion 51b and the second tip end portion 52a are in a connected state in which a part of the first base end portion 51b enters the second recess 55, and the first sliding contact end surface 54 and the second sliding contact inner periphery. The surface 55a is in sliding contact with the surface to constitute the joint 50.

また、第２基端部52ｂは、縦断面円弧状乃至Ｃ字状の第２摺接端面56を有している。リンク用固定部材15はラジアル内方側部15ａに、縦断面円弧状乃至Ｃ字状のリンク用摺接内周面16ａが形成されたリンク用窪部16を有している。
第２基端部52ｂとリンク用固定部材15とは、第２基端部52ｂの一部がリンク用窪部16に入り込んだ連結状態で、第２摺接端面56とリンク用摺接内周面16ａが面状に摺接し、リンク固定端部（連結部）59を構成している。 Further, the second base end portion 52b has a second sliding contact end face 56 having an arcuate or C-shaped longitudinal section. The link fixing member 15 has a link recess 16 in which a slidable contact inner peripheral surface 16a having an arcuate or C-shaped longitudinal section is formed on a radial inner side portion 15a.
The second base end portion 52b and the link fixing member 15 are in a connected state in which a part of the second base end portion 52b enters the link recess portion 16, and the second sliding contact end surface 56 and the link sliding contact inner periphery The surface 16a is in sliding contact with the surface to constitute a link fixing end (connecting portion) 59.

さらに、第１金型１に、リンク機構５をワーク軸心他方向（アキシャル他方向）Ｙｄに押圧して成形ピン３をラジアル外方（ワーク外径方向）Ｒｂへ後退させるためのコイルバネから成る戻し用の弾発付勢部材61と、弾発付勢部材61の弾発力Ｆｄをリンク機構５に伝達可能にワーク軸心Ｌｗ方向にスライド自在な丸棒状の伝達部材62と、を設けている。   Further, the first mold 1 is constituted by a coil spring for pressing the link mechanism 5 in the other direction (axial other direction) Yd of the work shaft and retreating the forming pin 3 radially outward (workpiece outer diameter direction) Rb. A return bullet urging member 61 and a round bar-like transmission member 62 slidable in the direction of the workpiece axis Lw so as to be able to transmit the elastic force Fd of the bullet urging member 61 to the link mechanism 5 are provided. Yes.

弾発付勢部材61は、第２金型２が軸心他方向Ｙｄへ移動し、押し力Ｆｃが弾発力Ｆｄ未満になった場合に、伝達部材62を介して第２リンク部材52をワーク軸心他方向Ｙｄに移動させ、成形ピン３をラジアル外方へ後退させる。   The elastic urging member 61 moves the second link member 52 via the transmission member 62 when the second mold 2 moves in the axial direction other direction Yd and the pressing force Fc becomes less than the elastic force Fd. The workpiece pin is moved in the other direction Yd, and the forming pin 3 is moved back radially outward.

また、図１に示すように、弾発付勢部材61及び伝達部材62は、リンク機構５に押し力Ｆｃが付与されていない待機状態で、成形ピン３が所定待機位置に配設されるように、リンク機構５の姿勢を保持するリンク機構待機姿勢保持手段でもある。   Further, as shown in FIG. 1, the elastic urging member 61 and the transmission member 62 are arranged in a standby state in which the pressing force Fc is not applied to the link mechanism 5 so that the molding pin 3 is disposed at a predetermined standby position. In addition, it is a link mechanism standby posture holding means for holding the posture of the link mechanism 5.

伝達部材62は、第２リンク部材52の下方位置に開口する縦孔部63に挿通されている。そして、縦孔部63内に配設した弾発付勢部材61によってワーク軸心他方向Ｙｄへ常時弾発付勢されると共に先端（上端）がリンク機構５の第２リンク部材52の弾発力受け面58に常時当接するように設けている。   The transmission member 62 is inserted through a vertical hole 63 that opens at a position below the second link member 52. Then, a bullet urging member 61 disposed in the vertical hole 63 is always urged and urged in the other direction Yd of the workpiece axis, and the tip (upper end) of the second link member 52 of the link mechanism 5 is bounced. It is provided so as to always contact the force receiving surface 58.

伝達部材62は、縦孔部63の開口縁63ｄから所定寸法Ｅだけ突出すると、縦孔部63内に設けた開口側縮径テーパ状のストッパ面63ｅに、伝達部材62に設けた先端縮径テーパ状の当り面62ｅが当接して、所定寸法Ｅを超えて突出しないように構成している。   When the transmission member 62 protrudes from the opening edge 63d of the vertical hole 63 by a predetermined dimension E, the distal end diameter reduction provided on the transmission member 62 is formed on the opening-side diameter-reduced tapered stopper surface 63e provided in the vertical hole 63. The tapered contact surface 62e is in contact with it and does not protrude beyond a predetermined dimension E.

そして、成形前の待機状態において、伝達部材62は所定寸法Ｅだけ突出すると共に第２リンク部材52に当接し、リンク機構５を、成形ピン３が所定待機位置となる所定待機姿勢に保持する。   In the standby state before molding, the transmission member 62 protrudes by a predetermined dimension E and abuts against the second link member 52 to hold the link mechanism 5 in a predetermined standby posture where the molding pin 3 is at a predetermined standby position.

さらに、成形ピン３の前進ストローク量を調整するためのストローク調整手段７を、第２金型２に設けている。
ストローク調整手段７は、第２金型２による関節部50の押し込み量を調整することで、成形ピン３の前進ストローク量を調整可能としている。 Furthermore, the second mold 2 is provided with stroke adjusting means 7 for adjusting the forward stroke amount of the molding pin 3.
The stroke adjusting means 7 is capable of adjusting the forward stroke amount of the forming pin 3 by adjusting the pushing amount of the joint portion 50 by the second mold 2.

ストローク調整手段７は、第２金型基準先端面（下面）20から、軸心他方向Ｙｄに突出状に保持されリンク機構５の関節部50乃至その近傍を押圧するための押圧先端面71ｃを有する押圧部材71と、薄板状の複数枚の敷き部材72と、第２金型基準先端面20よりも軸心他方向Ｙｄ側に設けた押圧付与面21と、を備えている。
ストローク調整手段７は、押圧部材71の基端面（上端面）71ｄと、押圧付与面21と、の間に、介装させる敷き部材72の厚み又は枚数を増減させて（０枚とする場合を含む）、第２金型基準先端面20から押圧先端面71ｃまでの突出寸法Ｓを調整し、第２金型２全体の移動ストーク量を調整することなく、押圧部材71による関節部50への押し込み量を増減させ（調整し）、関節部50の移動ストローク量（降下量）を調整して、成形ピン３の前進ストローク量を調整可能である。 The stroke adjusting means 7 has a pressing front end surface 71c for pressing the joint portion 50 of the link mechanism 5 or its vicinity, which is held in a protruding shape from the second mold reference front end surface (lower surface) 20 in the other direction Yd of the axial center. A pressing member 71 having a plurality of thin plate-like laying members 72, and a pressing applying surface 21 provided on the YC side in the other axial direction than the second mold reference front end surface 20.
The stroke adjusting means 7 increases or decreases the thickness or the number of the laying members 72 to be interposed between the base end surface (upper end surface) 71d of the pressing member 71 and the press applying surface 21 (in the case where the number is 0). The projecting dimension S from the second mold reference front end surface 20 to the pressing front end surface 71c is adjusted, and the amount of movement stalk of the entire second mold 2 is not adjusted. The forward stroke amount of the forming pin 3 can be adjusted by increasing / decreasing (adjusting) the pushing amount and adjusting the moving stroke amount (lowering amount) of the joint portion 50.

さらに、押圧部材71と敷き部材72を、成形ピン３（リンク機構５）に対して、１対１で設けている。
したがって、第２金型２全体（第２金型基準先端面20）の移動を所定移動ストローク量に保持した（一定とした）まま、複数本の成形ピン３、夫々に対して（個別に）、前進ストローク量を調整できる。成形ピン３毎の寸法精度や組立精度の差を緩和して、成形した複数の凹部91が均一になり、高精度なギヤ歯（ワーク軸心Ｌｗ廻りの凹部91群）が得られる。 Further, the pressing member 71 and the laying member 72 are provided on a one-to-one basis with respect to the forming pin 3 (link mechanism 5).
Therefore, the movement of the entire second mold 2 (second mold reference front end surface 20) is maintained at a predetermined movement stroke amount (constant), and the plurality of molding pins 3 are individually (individually). The amount of forward stroke can be adjusted. The difference in dimensional accuracy and assembly accuracy for each molding pin 3 is alleviated, and the plurality of molded recesses 91 become uniform, and high-precision gear teeth (a group of recesses 91 around the workpiece axis Lw) are obtained.

また、押圧部材71の押圧先端面71ｃをワーク軸心他方向Ｙｄに弯曲凹状（縦断面円弧状）に形成し、第２先端部52ａに、ワーク軸心他方向Ｙｄに弯曲凸状（縦断面円弧状）の受圧面57を形成している。
そして、押圧先端面71ｃが受圧面57を押圧する際に、押圧先端面71ｃに受圧面57が面状に摺接して、押圧部材71と第２リンク部材52（関節部50）と間の摩擦を軽減して、スムーズにリンク機構５が作動するように構成している。また、焼き付きや損傷、磨耗を防止して、耐久性を向上させている。
また、押圧部材71は基端面71ｄと押圧先端面71ｃの間（上下中間部）に、リンク機構５と接触する際の衝撃を緩和するための（アキレス腱のような作用を成す）腱状部71ｇを有している。リンク機構５等に瞬間的な大きな力（衝撃）がかかるのを防止して、損傷を防止する。 Further, the pressing tip surface 71c of the pressing member 71 is formed in a curved concave shape (vertical arc shape) in the workpiece axis other direction Yd, and the curved convex shape (vertical section in the workpiece axis other direction Yd is formed in the second tip portion 52a. An arc-shaped pressure receiving surface 57 is formed.
When the pressing tip surface 71c presses the pressure receiving surface 57, the pressure receiving surface 57 is slidably contacted with the pressing tip surface 71c, and the friction between the pressing member 71 and the second link member 52 (joint portion 50). Thus, the link mechanism 5 is configured to operate smoothly. In addition, seizure, damage and wear are prevented to improve durability.
Further, the pressing member 71 has a tendon-like portion 71g between the base end surface 71d and the pressing front end surface 71c (upper and lower intermediate portion) for mitigating an impact when contacting the link mechanism 5 (acting like an Achilles tendon). have. This prevents a momentary large force (impact) from being applied to the link mechanism 5 and the like, thereby preventing damage.

次に、本発明に係る金属塑性加工装置の作用（使用方法）を説明する。
上述のように第１金型１と第２金型２を設け、プレス機等の押圧力発生手段に設置して、第１金型１と第２金型２を、基準軸心Ｌａ方向に相対的に相互に接近離間可能とする。そして、第１金型１の収容部10にワークＷを収容し、図１に示すように、ワーク軸心Ｌｗを基準軸心Ｌａと同軸心状（上）とする（成形準備工程）。 Next, the operation (usage method) of the metal plastic working apparatus according to the present invention will be described.
As described above, the first mold 1 and the second mold 2 are provided and installed in a pressing force generating means such as a press machine, and the first mold 1 and the second mold 2 are moved in the direction of the reference axis La. Relatively close to each other. And the workpiece | work W is accommodated in the accommodating part 10 of the 1st metal mold | die 1, and as shown in FIG. 1, let the work shaft center Lw be coaxial-centered (top) with the reference shaft center La (molding preparation process).

第２金型２を所定基準ストロークだけ降下（接近）させると、図２に示すように、第２金型２の押圧部材71が、リンク機構５の関節部50に当接してワーク軸心一方向Ｙｃの押し力Ｆｃを付与し、リンク機構５の関節部50を、弾発付勢部材61の弾発力Ｆｄに抗して降下させる。   When the second mold 2 is lowered (approached) by a predetermined reference stroke, the pressing member 71 of the second mold 2 comes into contact with the joint portion 50 of the link mechanism 5 as shown in FIG. A pressing force Fc in the direction Yc is applied, and the joint portion 50 of the link mechanism 5 is lowered against the elastic force Fd of the elastic urging member 61.

リンク機構５は、第２金型２からの押し力Ｆｃを受けると、受圧面57が押圧部材71の押圧先端面71ｃに摺接しつつ関節部50がワーク軸心一方向Ｙｃへ移動し（降下し）、第１先端部51ａが、成形ピン３をラジアル内方Ｒａへ押圧して前進させる。
成形ピン３のピン先端部31がワーク外周面90を押圧してギヤ谷部となる凹部91を塑性加工する。複数の成形ピン３が、夫々、ワーク外周面90に押圧して、全体として、ギヤ歯を成形する。 When the link mechanism 5 receives the pressing force Fc from the second mold 2, the joint portion 50 moves in one direction Yc of the workpiece axis (lowering) while the pressure receiving surface 57 is in sliding contact with the pressing tip surface 71 c of the pressing member 71. The first tip 51a pushes the forming pin 3 radially inward and advances it.
The pin tip 31 of the forming pin 3 presses the work outer peripheral surface 90 to plastically process the recess 91 that becomes a gear trough. The plurality of forming pins 3 are pressed against the work outer peripheral surface 90, respectively, to form gear teeth as a whole.

そして、凹部91を成形後に、第２金型２がプレス機等の押圧力発生手段等によって、上昇し、押し力Ｆｃが、戻し用の弾発付勢部材61の弾発力Ｆｄよりも小さくなると、図３に示すように、その弾発力Ｆｄによって伝達部材62が第２リンク部材52をワーク軸心他方向Ｙｄに押圧し、関節部50が移動し（上昇し）、第１先端部51ａが成形ピン３をラジアル外方Ｒｂへ引っ張って後退させる。弾発付勢部材61及び伝達部材62によって、リンク機構５は所定の待機姿勢に保持され（図１の成形前の待機姿勢と同じ姿勢に戻り）、成形ピン３が所定待機位置に戻る。第１金型１から凹部91が形成されたワークＷ（成形品）を取り出して成形が終了する。   After the recess 91 is formed, the second mold 2 is raised by a pressing force generating means such as a press, and the pressing force Fc is smaller than the elastic force Fd of the return elastic biasing member 61. Then, as shown in FIG. 3, the transmission member 62 presses the second link member 52 in the other direction Yd of the work axis by the elastic force Fd, and the joint portion 50 moves (rises), and the first tip portion 51a retracts the forming pin 3 by pulling it radially outward Rb. The link mechanism 5 is held in a predetermined standby posture by the bullet urging member 61 and the transmission member 62 (returns to the same posture as the standby posture before molding in FIG. 1), and the molding pin 3 returns to the predetermined standby position. The work W (molded product) in which the recess 91 is formed is taken out from the first mold 1 and the molding is completed.

なお、本発明は、設計変更可能であって、ワーク軸心Ｌｗが水平状や傾斜状となるように、第１金型１及び第２金型２を設けても良い。第１金型１と第２金型２がワーク軸心Ｌｗ方向に相対的に接近離間可能であれば良く、第２金型２を固定盤側に設け、第１金型１を押圧移動盤側に設けても良い。或いは、第１金型１と第２金型２が相互に接近するように設けても良い。ワークＷは、有底筒形状、筒形状、柱形状（中実形状）等自由である。凹部91は、ギヤ谷部に限らず、円形孔窪部、溝状凹部、装飾用窪部等自由である。また、ワーク外周面90に凹部91を形成するとは、予め平行ギヤ歯が形成されたワーク外周面90に成形ピン３を押圧して、各平行歯の両側面に凹部91を形成して、逆テーパ歯形状にする場合も含む。
また、成形ピン３と第１リンク部材51の連結、第１リンク部材51と第２リンク部材52の連結、第２リンク部材52とリンク用固定部材15の連結は、軸部材と軸孔による枢着とするも良い。第１リンク部材51と第２リンク部材52の形状は自由である。 In the present invention, the first mold 1 and the second mold 2 may be provided such that the design can be changed and the workpiece axis Lw is horizontal or inclined. The first mold 1 and the second mold 2 only need to be relatively close to and away from each other in the workpiece axis Lw direction. The second mold 2 is provided on the fixed platen side, and the first mold 1 is pressed and moved. It may be provided on the side. Or you may provide so that the 1st metal mold | die 1 and the 2nd metal mold | die 2 may mutually approach. The workpiece W is free in a bottomed cylindrical shape, a cylindrical shape, a columnar shape (solid shape), and the like. The recess 91 is not limited to the gear valley, but can be a circular hole recess, a groove-like recess, a decoration recess, or the like. Also, forming the recess 91 on the work outer peripheral surface 90 means that the forming pin 3 is pressed against the work outer peripheral surface 90 on which parallel gear teeth are previously formed, and the recess 91 is formed on both sides of each parallel tooth. This includes the case of a tapered tooth shape.
Further, the connection between the forming pin 3 and the first link member 51, the connection between the first link member 51 and the second link member 52, and the connection between the second link member 52 and the link fixing member 15 are pivoted by the shaft member and the shaft hole. You can wear it. The shapes of the first link member 51 and the second link member 52 are arbitrary.

以上のように、本発明の金属塑性加工装置は、第１金型１と第２金型２とが相対的に相互にワーク軸心Ｌｗ方向に接近すると、ラジアル内方Ｒａに前進してワーク外周面90に凹部91を形成する成形ピン３を備えた金属塑性加工装置に於て、第１金型１に、複数本の成形ピン３を設けると共に成形ピン３をラジアル内方Ｒａに前進させるためのリンク機構５を成形ピン３と１対１で設け、リンク機構５は、ワーク軸心Ｌｗ方向に往復自在な関節部50を有し、第２金型２からの相対的なワーク軸心一方向Ｙｃの押し力Ｆｃを受けて成形ピン３をラジアル内方Ｒａへ前進させて凹部91を形成するように構成したので、成形ピン３に焼き付きや損傷等の不具合が発生するのを防止でき、成形ピン３の状態確認や交換といった保守点検頻度を軽減できる。ワーク外周面90に形成する凹部91を所定寸法に安定かつ高精度に成形できる。複雑な形状の凹部91や多数の凹部91を容易かつ迅速に形成できる。装置（金型）の耐久性を向上できると共に品質が安定し大量生産を効率良く行うことができる。また、第１金型１と第２金型２のラジアル方向のガタつきを吸収でき、高精度に凹部91を形成できる。   As described above, when the first metal mold 1 and the second metal mold 2 relatively approach each other in the workpiece axis Lw direction, the metal plastic working apparatus of the present invention moves forward in the radial inward direction Ra. In a metal plastic working apparatus provided with a forming pin 3 for forming a recess 91 on an outer peripheral surface 90, a plurality of forming pins 3 are provided in the first mold 1 and the forming pin 3 is advanced in a radial inward direction Ra. The link mechanism 5 is provided in a one-to-one relationship with the molding pin 3, and the link mechanism 5 has a joint portion 50 that can reciprocate in the workpiece axis Lw direction, and a relative workpiece axis from the second mold 2. Since the concave portion 91 is formed by receiving the pressing force Fc in one direction Yc to advance the molding pin 3 radially inward Ra, it is possible to prevent problems such as seizure and damage to the molding pin 3. The frequency of maintenance and inspection such as confirmation of the state of the forming pin 3 and replacement can be reduced. The concave portion 91 formed on the work outer peripheral surface 90 can be stably formed with a predetermined dimension and with high accuracy. The concave portion 91 having a complicated shape or a large number of concave portions 91 can be formed easily and quickly. The durability of the apparatus (mold) can be improved, the quality is stable, and mass production can be performed efficiently. Moreover, the play of the radial direction of the 1st metal mold | die 1 and the 2nd metal mold | die 2 can be absorbed, and the recessed part 91 can be formed with high precision.

また、成形ピン３の前進ストローク量を調整するためのストローク調整手段７を具備するので、第１金型１と第２金型２の相対的な移動を、所定移動ストローク量に保持したまま（一定としたまま）、複数本の成形ピン３、夫々に対して（個別に）、前進ストローク量（ワークへの成形力）を調整できる。成形ピン３毎の寸法精度や組立精度の差を無くして、成形した複数の凹部91が均一になり、高精度なギヤ歯等が得られる。プレス機等の押圧力発生手段や、第１金型１及び第２金型２の取り付け等大掛かりな設定変更を行う必要がなく、容易かつ迅速に、塑性加工精度の調整を行うことができる。   Moreover, since the stroke adjusting means 7 for adjusting the forward stroke amount of the molding pin 3 is provided, the relative movement of the first mold 1 and the second mold 2 is maintained at a predetermined movement stroke amount ( The amount of forward stroke (the forming force on the workpiece) can be adjusted for each of the plurality of forming pins 3 (individually). By eliminating the difference in dimensional accuracy and assembly accuracy for each molding pin 3, the plurality of molded recesses 91 become uniform, and highly accurate gear teeth and the like can be obtained. There is no need to make extensive setting changes such as pressing force generation means such as a press machine or attachment of the first mold 1 and the second mold 2, and the plastic working accuracy can be adjusted easily and quickly.

また、リンク機構５をワーク軸心他方向Ｙｄに押圧して成形ピン３をラジアル外方Ｒｂへ後退させるための戻し用の弾発付勢部材61を具備するので、複雑な構造を用いずに（簡素な構造）で確実かつ安定して、成形ピン３を後退させることができる。保守点検を容易に行うことができる。   In addition, since the link mechanism 5 is provided with a return elastic urging member 61 for pressing the link mechanism 5 in the other direction Yd of the workpiece axis and retracting the forming pin 3 radially outward Rb, a complicated structure is not used. The molding pin 3 can be retracted reliably and stably with a simple structure. Maintenance inspection can be performed easily.

１ 第１金型
２ 第２金型
３ 成形ピン
５ リンク機構
７ ストローク調整手段
20 第２金型基準先端面
21 押圧付与面
50 関節部
61 弾発付勢部材
71 押圧部材
71ｃ 押圧先端面
71ｄ 基端面
72 敷き部材
90 ワーク外周面
91 凹部
Ｆｃ 押し力
Ｌｗ ワーク軸心
Ｒａ ラジアル内方
Ｒｂ ラジアル外方
Ｙｃ 軸心一方向
Ｙｄ 軸心他方向 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st metal mold | die 2 2nd metal mold | die 3 Forming pin 5 Link mechanism 7 Stroke adjustment means
20 Second mold reference tip
21 Pressing surface
50 joints
61 Bounce member
71 pressing member
71c pressing tip
71d base end face
72 laying material
90 Workpiece outer surface
91 Concave Fc Pushing force Lw Work shaft center Ra Radial inward Rb Radial outward Yc One axis center Yd Other center

Claims (2)

第１金型（１）と第２金型（２）とが相対的に相互にワーク軸心（Ｌｗ）方向に接近すると、ラジアル内方（Ｒａ）に前進してワーク外周面（90）に凹部（91）を形成する成形ピン（３）を備えた金属塑性加工装置に於て、
上記第１金型（１）に、複数本の上記成形ピン（３）を設けると共に上記成形ピン（３）を上記ラジアル内方（Ｒａ）に前進させるためのリンク機構（５）を上記成形ピン（３）と１対１で設け、
上記リンク機構（５）は、上記ワーク軸心（Ｌｗ）方向に往復自在な関節部（50）を有し、上記第２金型（２）からの相対的なワーク軸心一方向（Ｙｃ）の押し力（Ｆｃ）を受けて上記成形ピン（３）を上記ラジアル内方（Ｒａ）へ前進させて上記凹部（91）を形成するように構成し、
さらに、上記成形ピン（３）の前進ストローク量を調整するためのストローク調整手段（７）を具備し、
上記ストローク調整手段（７）は、上記第２金型（２）に設けられ、上記リンク機構（５）に対して１対１で設けられると共に上記リンク機構（５）を押圧するための押圧先端面（71ｃ）を有する押圧部材（71）と、第２金型基準先端面（20）よりもワーク軸心他方向（Ｙｄ）側に設けた押圧付与面（21）と、上記押圧部材（71）の基端面（71ｄ）と上記押圧付与面（21）の間に介装される薄板状の敷き部材（72）と、を備え、上記敷き部材（72）の厚み又は枚数を増減させて、上記第２金型基準先端面（20）から上記押圧部材（71）の上記押圧先端面（71ｃ）までの突出寸法（Ｓ）を調整することで、上記押圧部材（71）による上記リンク機構（５）への押し込み量を増減させて上記成形ピン（３）の前進ストローク量を調整可能に構成したことを特徴とする金属塑性加工装置。 When the first mold (1) and the second mold (2) relatively approach each other in the direction of the workpiece axis (Lw), the first mold (1) and the second mold (2) move forward in the radial inward direction (Ra) to reach the work outer peripheral surface (90). In a metal plastic working apparatus provided with a forming pin (3) for forming a recess (91),
The first mold (1) is provided with a plurality of the forming pins (3) and a link mechanism (5) for advancing the forming pins (3) to the radial inner side (Ra) is provided with the forming pins. (3) with one-to-one,
The link mechanism (5) has a joint part (50) reciprocating in the workpiece axis (Lw) direction, and a relative workpiece axis center direction (Yc) from the second mold (2). In response to the pressing force (Fc), the molding pin (3) is advanced to the radial inner side (Ra) to form the recess (91) .
Furthermore, it comprises stroke adjusting means (7) for adjusting the forward stroke amount of the forming pin (3),
The stroke adjusting means (7) is provided on the second mold (2), is provided on a one-to-one basis with respect to the link mechanism (5), and is a pressing tip for pressing the link mechanism (5). A pressing member (71) having a surface (71c), a pressing surface (21) provided on the workpiece axis other direction (Yd) side than the second die reference tip surface (20), and the pressing member (71 ), And a thin plate-like laying member (72) interposed between the pressure applying surface (21), and increasing or decreasing the thickness or the number of the laying member (72), The link mechanism (71) by the pressing member (71) is adjusted by adjusting the projecting dimension (S) from the second mold reference front end surface (20) to the pressing front end surface (71c) of the pressing member (71). 5) push-in amount of increase or decrease to be that adjustably configure the forward stroke of the forming pin (3) Metal plastic working device according to symptoms. 上記リンク機構（５）を上記ワーク軸心他方向（Ｙｄ）に押圧して上記成形ピン（３）をラジアル外方（Ｒｂ）へ後退させるための戻し用の弾発付勢部材（61）を具備する請求項１記載の金属塑性加工装置。 A return elastic urging member (61) for pressing the link mechanism (5) in the other direction (Yd) of the work shaft center to retract the forming pin (3) to the radially outward side (Rb). The metal plastic working apparatus according to claim 1 provided.

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