JP5915746B2 - 昇圧コンバータの制御装置 - Google Patents
昇圧コンバータの制御装置 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5915746B2 JP5915746B2 JP2014524523A JP2014524523A JP5915746B2 JP 5915746 B2 JP5915746 B2 JP 5915746B2 JP 2014524523 A JP2014524523 A JP 2014524523A JP 2014524523 A JP2014524523 A JP 2014524523A JP 5915746 B2 JP5915746 B2 JP 5915746B2
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- boost
- control
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- boost converter
- power
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- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2240/00—Control parameters of input or output; Target parameters
- B60L2240/80—Time limits
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2250/00—Driver interactions
- B60L2250/26—Driver interactions by pedal actuation
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0003—Details of control, feedback or regulation circuits
- H02M1/0032—Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode
- H02M1/0035—Control circuits allowing low power mode operation, e.g. in standby mode using burst mode control
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0067—Converter structures employing plural converter units, other than for parallel operation of the units on a single load
- H02M1/007—Plural converter units in cascade
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/66—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal
- H02M7/68—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/72—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/79—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/797—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output with possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
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Description
(2)昇圧コンバータの耐電圧よりも低圧側の範囲
(3)昇圧指令電圧との偏差が所定値以内となる範囲
(4)昇圧指令電圧に対して所定割合以内となる範囲
(5)昇圧指令電圧と較べて負荷装置の駆動時に生じる損失の増加量が所定値以内となる範囲
(6)昇圧指令電圧と較べて負荷装置の駆動時に生じる損失の増加量が所定割合以内となる範囲
尚、上記(5)及び(6)は、理想的には、昇圧指令電圧が、負荷装置の駆動条件に応じて、その都度負荷装置の駆動に最適な(即ち、損失が最小となる)電圧値に設定されることを前提としている。このような最適値を前提とした場合、負荷装置を駆動するにあたっての損失は、昇圧指令電圧に対して低圧側においても高圧側においても増加するが、昇圧指令電圧付近ではその増加量は大きくはない(即ち、変化が緩慢である)。従って、予め実験的に、経験的に又は理論的に、昇圧コンバータの昇圧制御を停止させることによる昇圧損失の低減量が負荷駆動時の損失増加量を上回る範囲、即ち、トータル損失を低減し得る範囲を事前に定めておくこともできる。
以下、図面を参照して、本発明の各種実施形態について説明する。
<実施形態の構成>
始めに、図1を参照し、本実施形態に係るモータ駆動システム10の構成について説明する。ここに、図1は、モータ駆動システム10の構成を概念的に表すシステム構成図である。
次に、本実施形態の動作として、制御装置100により実行される間欠制御について説明する。
昇圧コンバータ200は、バッテリBの電源電圧VBを昇圧する必要がある場合において、制御装置100により実行される先述した昇圧制御により、電源電圧VBを昇圧している。昇圧制御においては、昇圧コンバータ200の出力電圧VHが、定常的にはVH指令値VHtgに維持される。尚、VH指令値VHtgは、例えば、650V程度の値を採り得る。
ここで、図5を参照し、間欠制御の詳細について説明する。ここに、図5は、間欠制御のフローチャートである。尚、間欠制御は、制御装置100が一定周期で繰り返し実行する制御であるとする。
次に、図6を参照し、間欠制御の効果について説明する。ここに、図6は、間欠制御の実行過程における、出力電圧VH及び昇圧損失Lcvの一時間推移を例示するタイミングチャートである。
ここで、間欠制御において参照される出力電圧VHの維持すべき範囲について、図8及び図9を参照して説明する。ここに、図8は、当該範囲を規定する上下限値の一設定態様を説明する図である。また、図9は、当該範囲を規定する上下限値の他の設定態様を説明する図である。尚、これらの図において、既出の各図と重複する箇所には同一の符号を付してその説明を適宜省略することとする。
次に、図10を参照し、本発明の第2実施形態に係る間欠制御について説明する。ここに、図10は、第2実施形態に係る間欠制御のフローチャートである。尚、同図において、図5と重複する箇所には同一の符号を付してその説明を適宜省略することとする。
図11では、バッテリ電流IBが負側に大きい旨に相当する図示損失悪化領域(ハッチング表示参照)において、損失差分ΔLcvが正値を採る。即ち、昇圧損失Lcvが悪化する。
次に、本発明の第3実施形態に係る間欠制御について説明する。尚、第3実施形態に係る間欠制御は、図10に例示した第2実施形態とのものと図面の上では等しいため、ここでは図10を使用して説明することとする。
第1乃至第3実施形態では、本発明に係る負荷装置として一のモータジェネレータMGが使用される例を説明したが、負荷装置は複数のモータジェネレータであってもよい。ここでは、負荷装置として二つのモータジェネレータを搭載したハイブリッド車両1における昇圧制御の間欠処理について説明する。
始めに、図13を参照し、本発明の第4実施形態に係るハイブリッド車両1の構成について説明する。ここに、図13は、ハイブリッド車両1の構成を概念的に表してなる概略構成図である。尚、同図において、既出の各図と重複する箇所には同一の符号を付してその説明を適宜省略することとする。
Tep=Te×1/(1+ρ)・・・(2)
尚、本発明に係る「差動機構」に係る実施形態上の構成は、動力分割機構800として例示したものに限定されない。例えば、本発明に係る差動機構は、複数の遊星歯車機構を備え、一の遊星歯車機構に備わる複数の回転要素が、他の遊星歯車機構に備わる複数の回転要素の各々と適宜連結され、一体の差動機構を構成していてもよい。
<動力分割機構800の動作>
本実施形態に係るハイブリッド車両1では、差動機構である動力分割機構800の差動作用により一種の電気的CVT(Continuously Variable Transmission)機能が実現される。ここで、図17を参照し、動力分割機構800の動作について説明する。ここに、図17は、ハイブリッド駆動装置HBの動作共線図である。尚、同図において、図15と重複する箇所には同一の符号を付してその説明を適宜省略することとする。
上記のような基本動作を呈するハイブリッド駆動装置HBにおいては、ハイブリッド車両1が高速小負荷走行を行っている場合等に、動力循環が生じ得る。ここで、図18を参照し、ハイブリッド駆動装置HBにおける動力循環について説明する。ここに、図18は、ハイブリッド駆動装置HBの動力循環時における動作共線図である。尚、同図において、図17と重複する箇所には同一の符号を付してその説明を適宜省略することとする。
第4実施形態で説明したように、ハイブリッド車両1では、ハイブリッド駆動装置HBが動力循環状態にある場合において、昇圧コンバータ200の間欠処理が有効に機能する。但し、第4実施形態では、動力循環も一種の間欠許可条件に過ぎない扱いである。そこで、第5実施形態では、動力循環時において昇圧制御の停止期間を可及的に長大化し得る間欠制御について説明する。
<第6実施形態>
次に、第5実施形態に係る間欠制御を改良した第6実施形態について説明する。
Claims (12)
- 電源電圧VBを有する直流電源と、
スイッチング手段を備え、昇圧指令電圧に基づいた前記スイッチング手段のスイッチング状態の切り替えを含む所定の昇圧制御により前記電源電圧VBを昇圧して負荷装置に出力する昇圧コンバータと、
前記昇圧コンバータの出力電圧VHを検出する電圧検出手段と
を備えた電力供給システムにおいて前記昇圧コンバータを制御する、昇圧コンバータの制御装置であって、
前記昇圧制御を実行する昇圧制御手段と、
前記出力電圧VHが直前の前記昇圧制御の実行時における前記昇圧指令電圧を含む範囲に維持されるように、前記検出される出力電圧VHに基づいた前記昇圧制御の間欠処理を実行する間欠制御手段と
を具備し、
前記間欠制御手段は、前記出力電圧VHの変動幅又は前記直流電源若しくは前記負荷装置の出力変化の度合いが所定値以内である場合に、前記昇圧制御の間欠処理を開始することを特徴とする昇圧コンバータの制御装置。 - 前記電源電圧VB、前記昇圧コンバータの耐電圧、前記昇圧指令電圧及び前記負荷装置が駆動される際に生じる損失のうち少なくとも一つに基づいて前記範囲を設定する設定手段を更に具備する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の昇圧コンバータの制御装置。 - 前記間欠制御手段は、前記昇圧制御の間欠処理において、前記出力電圧VHが前記範囲の境界値を超える場合に前記昇圧制御を再開させる
ことを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の昇圧コンバータの制御装置。 - 前記間欠制御手段は、前記昇圧制御の間欠処理において、前記出力電圧VHを、前記昇圧指令電圧と前記範囲の境界値との間で変動させる
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の昇圧コンバータの制御装置。 - 前記電力供給システムは、前記昇圧コンバータ又は前記直流電源に流れる電流を検出する電流検出手段を更に具備し、
前記間欠制御手段は、前記検出される電流が所定値以内である場合に前記昇圧制御の間欠処理を開始する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の昇圧コンバータの制御装置。 - 前記直流電源又は前記負荷装置の出力変化の度合いを特定する出力変化特定手段を具備する
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の昇圧コンバータの制御装置。 - 前記電力供給システムは、車両に搭載される
ことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の昇圧コンバータの制御装置。 - 前記車両は、前記車両の動力源として、前記負荷装置となる力行及び回生可能な少なくとも一つの回転電機を備える
ことを特徴とする請求項7に記載の昇圧コンバータの制御装置。 - 前記車両は、
内燃機関と、
力行及び回生可能な前記負荷装置となる第1回転電機と、
前記第1回転電機に連結された第1回転要素、前記内燃機関に連結された第2回転要素及び車軸に繋がる駆動軸に連結された第3回転要素を含む相互に差動回転可能な複数の回転要素を備えた差動機構と、
前記駆動軸に連結された、力行及び回生可能な前記負荷装置となる第2回転電機と
を備えたハイブリッド車両であり、
前記間欠制御手段は、前記第1及び第2回転電機のうち一方が力行状態にあり他方が回生状態にある場合において、前記第1及び第2回転電機の電力収支が所定値以内である場合に前記昇圧制御の間欠処理を開始する
ことを特徴とする請求項7又は8に記載の昇圧コンバータの制御装置。 - 前記電力収支が所定値以内であることを条件として前記昇圧制御の間欠処理が開始される場合において、前記電力収支が釣り合うように前記第1及び第2回転電機並びに前記内燃機関を制御する電力収支制御手段を更に具備する
ことを特徴とする請求項9に記載の昇圧コンバータの制御装置。 - 前記電力収支制御手段は、前記電力収支を釣り合わせる際に、前記第1回転電機の回転数を変化させることにより前記内燃機関の動作点を変化させる
ことを特徴とする請求項10に記載の昇圧コンバータの制御装置。 - 前記電力収支制御手段は、前記昇圧制御の間欠処理による損失低減量が、前記内燃機関の動作点を変化させることによる損失増加量を上回る範囲で前記内燃機関の動作点を変化させる
ことを特徴とする請求項11に記載の昇圧コンバータの制御装置。
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CN104488179B (zh) | 2017-03-08 |
EP2874296B1 (en) | 2018-04-11 |
WO2014010028A1 (ja) | 2014-01-16 |
EP2874296A1 (en) | 2015-05-20 |
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CN104488179A (zh) | 2015-04-01 |
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