JP5904791B2 - 電気光学ディスプレイを駆動する方法 - Google Patents
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- G09G3/00—Control arrangements or circuits, of interest only in connection with visual indicators other than cathode-ray tubes
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Description
(a)米国特許第6,504,524号
(b)米国特許第6,512,354号
(c)米国特許第6,531,997号
(d)米国特許第6,995,550号
(e)米国特許第7,012,600号および米国特許第7,312,794号、ならびに関連の米国特許出願第2006/0139310号および米国特許出願第2006/0139311号
(f)米国特許第7,034,783号
(g)米国特許第7,119,772号
(h)米国特許第7,193,625号
(i)米国特許第7,259,744号
(j)米国特許出願第2005/0024353号
(k)米国特許出願第2005/0179642号
(l)米国特許第7,492,339号
(m)米国特許第7,327,511号
(n)米国特許出願第2005/0152018号
(o)米国特許出願第2005/0280626号
(p)米国特許出願第2006/0038772号
(q)米国特許第7,453,445号
(r)米国特許出願第2008/0024482号
(s)米国特許出願第2008/0048969号
(t)米国特許出願第2008/0129667号
前述の特許および出願は、以下本明細書において、便宜上、集合的に「MEDEOD」(MEthods for Driving Electro−Optic Displays)出願として参照される。
(a)回転2色部材ディスプレイ(例えば、特許文献2、特許文献3、特許文献4、特許文献5、特許文献6、特許文献7、特許文献8、特許文献9、および特許文献10を参照)、
(b)エレクトロクロミックディスプレイ(例えば、非特許文献1、非特許文献2、非特許文献3、特許文献11、特許文献12、特許文献13を参照)、
(c)エレクトロウェッティングディスプレイ(非特許文献4、特許文献14を参照)、
(d)複数の荷電粒子が電場の影響下で流体を介して移動する、粒子ベースの電気泳動ディスプレイ(例えば、特許文献15、特許文献16、特許文献17、特許文献18、特許文献19、特許文献20、特許文献21、特許文献22、特許文献23、特許文献24、特許文献25、特許文献26、特許文献27、特許文献28、特許文献29、特許文献30、特許文献31、特許文献32、特許文献33、特許文献34、特許文献35、特許文献36、特許文献37、特許文献38、特許文献39、特許文献40、特許文献41、特許文献42、および前述の特許文献1で論議されている他のMITおよびE Ink特許および出願を参照)である。
(a)以前の状態依存性。少なくともいくつかの電気光学媒体では、画素を新規の光学的状態に切り替えるために必要とされるインパルスは、現在かつ所望の光学的状態だけでなく、画素の以前の光学的状態にも依存する。
(b)滞留時間依存性。少なくともいくつかの電気光学媒体では、画素を新規の光学的状態に切り替えるために必要とされるインパルスは、画素がその種々の光学的状態において費やした時間に依存する。この依存性の正確な性質は、よく理解されていないが、一般に、画素がより長くその現在の光学的状態であるほど、より多くのインパルスが必要とされる。
(c)温度依存性。画素を新規の光学的状態に切り替えるために必要とされるインパルスは、温度に大きく依存する。
(d)湿度依存性。画素を新規の光学的状態に切り替えるために必要とされるインパルスは、少なくともいくつかの種類の電気光学媒体では、周囲湿度に依存する。
(e)機械的均一性。画素を新規の光学的状態に切り替えるために必要とされるインパルスは、ディスプレイの機械的変動、例えば、電気光学媒体または関連積層接着剤の厚さの変動の影響を受ける場合がある。他の種類の機械的不均一性が、媒体の異なる製造バッチ間の必然的変動、製造公差、および材料変動から発生する場合がある。
(f)電圧誤差。画素に印加される実際のインパルスは、ドライバによって送達される電圧の避けられないわずかな誤差のため、理論的に印加されるインパルスとは必然的にわずかに異なる。
L*=116(R/R0)1/3−16、
という通常のCIE定義を有し、式中、Rは反射率であり、R0は標準反射率値である)という誤差を、各遷移上の正の方向にもたらすと想像されたい。50回の遷移後、この誤差は、10L*まで蓄積する。おそらく、より現実的には、ディスプレイの理論的反射率と実際の反射率との間の差に関して表された、各遷移の平均誤差が±0.2L*であると仮定されたい。100回の成功した遷移後、画素は、2L*という予期された状態からの平均偏差を表示し、そのような偏差は、ある種類の画像の平均的観察者にとって明白である。
(a)ディスプレイの各画素の所望の最終状態を画定するデータを受信するように配設される、最終データバッファを提供するステップと、
(b)ディスプレイの各画素の初期状態を画定するデータを受信するように配設される、初期データバッファを提供するステップと、
(c)ディスプレイの各画素の標的状態を画定するデータを受信するように配設される、標的データバッファを提供するステップと、
(d)初期および最終データバッファ中のデータが異なる時を決定し、そのような違いが見出された時に、標的データバッファにおける値を更新するステップであって、(i)初期および最終データバッファが、特定の画素に対する同じ値を含有する時には、標的データバッファをこの値に設定し、(ii)初期データバッファが、最終データバッファよりも特定の画素に対する大きい値を含有する時には、標的データバッファを、増分を加えた初期データバッファの値に設定し、(iii)初期データバッファが、初期データバッファよりも特定の画素に対する小さい値を含有する時には、標的データバッファを、該増分を引いた初期データバッファの値に設定することによって、更新するステップと、
(e)それぞれ、各画素の初期および最終状態として、初期データバッファおよび標的データバッファ中のデータを使用して、ディスプレイ上の画像を更新するステップと、
(f)ステップ(e)の後に、標的データバッファから初期データバッファの中へデータをコピーするステップと、
(g)初期および最終データバッファが同じデータを含有するまで、ステップ(d)から(f)を繰り返すステップとを含む。
(a)ディスプレイの各画素の所望の最終状態を画定するデータを受信するように配設される、最終データバッファを提供するステップと、
(b)ディスプレイの各画素の初期状態を画定するデータを受信するように配設される、初期データバッファを提供するステップと、
(c)ディスプレイの各画素の標的状態を画定するデータを受信するように配設される、標的データバッファを提供するステップと、
(d)ディスプレイの各画素に対する極性ビットを記憶するように配設される、極性ビットアレイを提供するステップと、
(e)初期および最終データバッファ中のデータが異なる時を決定し、そのような違いが見出された時に、極性ビットアレイおよび標的データバッファにおける値を更新するステップであって、(i)初期および最終データバッファにおける特定の画素に対する値が異なり、初期データバッファにおける値が画素の極限光学状態を表す時には、画素に対する極性ビットを、反対の極限光学状態に向かった遷移を表す値に設定し、(ii)初期および最終データバッファにおける特定の画素に対する値が異なる時には、極性ビットアレイにおける関連値に応じて、標的データバッファを、増分を加えた、または引いた初期データバッファの値に設定することによって、更新するステップと、
(f)それぞれ、各画素の初期および最終状態として、初期データバッファおよび標的データバッファ中のデータを使用して、ディスプレイ上の画像を更新するステップと、
(g)ステップ(f)の後に、標的データバッファから初期データバッファの中へデータをコピーするステップと、
(h)初期および最終データバッファが同じデータを含有するまで、ステップ(e)から(g)を繰り返すステップとを含む。
本発明は、例えば、以下の項目も提供する。
(項目1)
複数の画素を有する双安定電気光学ディスプレイを制御する際に使用するためのデータ構造であって、
該ディスプレイの各画素について、該画素の初期状態を表すデータと、該画素の所望の最終状態を表すデータと、該画素に適用される駆動スキームを表す駆動スキーム指数とを記憶するように配設される、画素データ記憶域と、
複数の駆動スキームを表すデータを記憶するように配設される、駆動スキーム記憶域であって、該画素データ記憶域に記憶された該駆動スキーム指数によって表される少なくとも全ての該駆動スキームを記憶する、駆動スキーム記憶域と
を備える、データ構造。
(項目2)
駆動スキーム記憶域はまた、各駆動スキームについて、前記駆動スキームで達成された現在の更新の開始以来の期間を表す、タイミングデータも記憶する、項目1に記載のデータ構造。
(項目3)
複数の画素を有し、項目1または2に記載のデータ構造を備える、双安定電気光学ディスプレイ。
(項目4)
前記画素は、行電極および列電極によって画定される2次元マトリクスで配設され、画素電極の1行が行ドライバによって一度に選択され、該選択された行における該電極に所望の電圧を提供するように、適切な電圧が該列電極に加えられ、適切な間隔後に、画素電極の該マトリクス全体がフレーム間隔中に行ごとに走査されるように、該以前に選択された行が選択解除されて、次の行が選択され、前記駆動スキームタイミングデータは、各駆動がフレームの開始時に始まるように配設される、アクティブマトリクス型である項目3に記載の双安定電気光学ディスプレイ。
(項目5)
各駆動スキームについて記憶される時間値は、該駆動スキームの開始以来経過したフレームの数を表す、項目4に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目6)
第1の複数の画素を有する双安定電気光学ディスプレイを駆動する方法であって、
該ディスプレイの各画素について、該画素の初期状態を表すデータと、該画素の所望の最終状態を表すデータと、該画素に適用される駆動スキームを表す駆動スキーム指数とを記憶することと、
該ディスプレイの種々の画素について記憶された異なる駆動スキーム指数と少なくとも数が等しい、複数の駆動スキームを表すデータを記憶することと、
該ディスプレイの少なくとも第2の複数の画素について、該第2の複数の画素の各々に印加されるインパルスを表す出力信号であって、該画素の該初期および最終状態と、該駆動スキーム指数と、該駆動スキーム指数によって表される該駆動スキームを表す該記憶されたデータとに応じて、該第2の複数の画素の各々について生成される、出力信号を生成することと
を含む、方法。
(項目7)
前記記憶された駆動スキームの各々に対する時間値を記憶することをさらに含み、前記出力信号の生成は、前記駆動スキーム指数によって表される該駆動スキームと関連する該時間値にも依存する、項目6に記載の方法。
(項目8)
項目6または7に記載の方法を実行するように配設される、複数の画素を有する双安定電気光学ディスプレイ。
(項目9)
前記画素は、行電極および列電極によって画定される2次元マトリクスで配設され、画素電極の1行が行ドライバによって一度に選択され、該選択された行における該電極に所望の電圧を提供するように、適切な電圧が該列電極に加えられ、適切な間隔後に、画素電極の該マトリクス全体がフレーム間隔中に行ごとに走査されるように、該以前に選択された行が選択解除されて、次の行が選択され、前記駆動スキームタイミングデータは、各駆動がフレームの開始時に始まるように配設される、アクティブマトリクス型である項目8に記載の双安定電気光学ディスプレイ。
(項目10)
各駆動スキームについて記憶される前記時間値は、前記駆動スキームの開始以来経過したフレームの数を表す、項目9に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目11)
項目3または8に記載のディスプレイを組み込む、電子ブック読取機、ポータブルコンピュータ、タブレットコンピュータ、携帯電話、スマートカード、標識、腕時計、棚ラベル、またはフラッシュドライブ。
(項目12)
回転2色部材またはエレクトロクロミック材料を含む、項目3または8に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目13)
流体中に配置され、かつ電場の影響下で前記流体を介して移動することが可能な複数の荷電粒子を備える、電気泳動材料を備える、項目3または8に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目14)
前記荷電粒子および前記流体は、複数のカプセルまたはマイクロセル内に閉じ込められる、項目13に記載のディスプレイ。
(項目15)
前記荷電粒子および前記流体は、高分子材料を備える連続相によって取り囲まれる、複数の離散液滴として存在する、項目13に記載の電気光学ディスプレイ。
(項目16)
前記流体は、ガス状である、項目13に記載のディスプレイ。
Claims (9)
- 第1の複数の画素を有する双安定電気光学ディスプレイを駆動する方法であって、該方法は、
該ディスプレイの各画素について、該画素の初期状態を表すデータと、該画素の所望の最終状態を表すデータと、駆動スキームを表す駆動スキーム指数とを記憶することであって、該駆動スキームは、該画素の全ての可能な状態間の全ての可能な遷移を達成するのに十分な一式の波形を表し、該一式の波形の各波形は、該画素の1つの特定の初期状態から特定の最終状態までの遷移を達成するために経時的に該画素に印加される一連の電圧インパルスを表す、ことと、
該ディスプレイの種々の画素について記憶された異なる駆動スキーム指数と少なくとも数が等しい、複数の駆動スキームを表すデータを記憶することであって、該複数の駆動スキームは、該ディスプレイ上で同時に使用されるように構成される、ことと、
該記憶された駆動スキームの各々に対する時間値を記憶することであって、各駆動スキームについて記憶される該時間値は、該駆動スキームの開始以来経過したフレームの数を表す、ことと、
該ディスプレイの少なくとも第2の複数の画素について、該第2の複数の画素の各々に印加されるインパルスを表す出力信号であって、該画素の該初期および最終状態と、該駆動スキーム指数と、該駆動スキーム指数によって表される該駆動スキームと関連する該時間値と、該駆動スキーム指数によって表される該駆動スキームを表す該記憶されたデータとに応じて、該第2の複数の画素の各々について生成される、出力信号を生成することと
を含む、方法。 - 請求項1に記載の方法を実行するように配設される、複数の画素を有する双安定電気光学ディスプレイ。
- 前記画素は、行電極および列電極によって画定される2次元マトリクスで配設され、画素電極の1行が行ドライバによって一度に選択され、該選択された行における該電極に所望の電圧を提供するように、適切な電圧が該列電極に加えられ、適切な間隔後に、画素電極の該マトリクス全体がフレーム間隔中に行ごとに走査されるように、以前に選択された行が選択解除されて、次の行が選択され、駆動スキームタイミングデータは、各駆動がフレームの開始時に始まるように配設される、アクティブマトリクス型である請求項2に記載の双安定電気光学ディスプレイ。
- 請求項2に記載のディスプレイを組み込む、電子ブック読取機、ポータブルコンピュータ、タブレットコンピュータ、携帯電話、スマートカード、標識、腕時計、棚ラベル、またはフラッシュドライブ。
- 電気光学材料が回転2色部材またはエレクトロクロミック材料を含む、請求項2に記載のディスプレイ。
- 電気光学材料が、複数の荷電粒子を備える電気泳動材料を備え、該複数の荷電粒子は、流体中に配置され、かつ電場の影響下で前記流体中を移動することが可能である、請求項2に記載のディスプレイ。
- 前記荷電粒子および前記流体は、複数のカプセルまたはマイクロセル内に閉じ込められる、請求項6に記載のディスプレイ。
- 前記荷電粒子および前記流体は、高分子材料を備える連続相によって取り囲まれる、複数の離散液滴として存在する、請求項6に記載の電気光学ディスプレイ。
- 前記流体は、ガス状である、請求項6に記載のディスプレイ。
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CN102067200A (zh) | 2011-05-18 |
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KR20100121549A (ko) | 2010-11-17 |
EP2277162A1 (en) | 2011-01-26 |
EP2277162A4 (en) | 2011-10-26 |
JP6033901B2 (ja) | 2016-11-30 |
CN102067200B (zh) | 2013-11-13 |
US8314784B2 (en) | 2012-11-20 |
EP2277162B1 (en) | 2020-08-26 |
KR101214877B1 (ko) | 2012-12-24 |
CA2720091C (en) | 2015-10-06 |
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