JP5904477B1 - Reduced iron manufacturing system and reduced iron manufacturing method - Google Patents
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- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 90
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 54
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 23
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 22
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 22
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 9
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910001882 dioxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009749 continuous casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003077 lignite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0073—Selection or treatment of the reducing gases
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B13/00—Making spongy iron or liquid steel, by direct processes
- C21B13/0066—Preliminary conditioning of the solid carbonaceous reductant
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/295—Gasification of minerals, e.g. for producing mixtures of combustible gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B2300/00—Process aspects
- C21B2300/02—Particular sequence of the process steps
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/122—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by capturing or storing CO2
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/10—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions
- Y02P10/134—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions by avoiding CO2, e.g. using hydrogen
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- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
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Abstract
還元鉄の製造システム(100)は、地下(15)に存在する石炭層(12)に酸化剤ガスを送るための注入井(11)と、石炭層(12)において、酸化剤ガスを用いて石炭のガス化が行われるガス化領域(12A)と、石炭ガス化で生成される石炭ガスを地上に送るための生産井(13)と、石炭ガスを還元ガスに用い、酸化鉄を還元鉄に還元する還元炉(30)と、を備え、還元炉(20)は、生産井(13)の直上又はその近傍に配置されている。The reduced iron production system (100) uses an oxidant gas in an injection well (11) for sending an oxidant gas to a coal bed (12) existing underground (15) and a coal bed (12). Gasification region (12A) where coal gasification is performed, production well (13) for sending coal gas generated by coal gasification to the ground, coal gas is used as reducing gas, and iron oxide is reduced iron A reduction furnace (30) for reduction to the above, and the reduction furnace (20) is disposed immediately above or near the production well (13).
Description
本発明は還元鉄の製造システム及び還元鉄の製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a reduced iron production system and a reduced iron production method.
高炉に依らない新型の製鉄法として、天然ガス又は、この天然ガスを改質した改質ガス等を用いて鉄鉱石を還元し、直接還元鉄(DRI−Direct Reduced Iron)を得る技術が知られている。 As a new type of iron making method that does not depend on a blast furnace, there is known a technology that directly reduces iron (DRI-Direct Reduced Iron) by reducing iron ore using natural gas or reformed gas modified from this natural gas. ing.
ところで、石炭をガス化した時に発生する石炭ガスは、天然ガス又は改質ガスと同種の還元成分(CO、H2)を含む。そこで、コークス製造用の原料炭に比べて安価な一般炭をガス化炉にてガス化させ、この石炭ガスを還元ガスに用いる直接還元鉄の製造方法も提案されている(例えば、特許文献1−2等参照)。By the way, the coal gas generated when coal is gasified contains the same kind of reducing components (CO, H 2 ) as natural gas or reformed gas. Accordingly, a method for producing directly reduced iron in which steam coal, which is less expensive than raw coal for coke production, is gasified in a gasification furnace and this coal gas is used as a reducing gas has also been proposed (for example, Patent Document 1). -2 etc.).
しかし、上記の従来例は、石炭ガスを還元ガスに用いて酸化鉄から還元鉄を製造する際の製造効率化については、未だ改善の余地があると考えられる。 However, in the above conventional example, it is considered that there is still room for improvement in terms of production efficiency when producing reduced iron from iron oxide using coal gas as a reducing gas.
本発明の一態様(aspect)は、このような事情に鑑みてなされたものであり、石炭ガスを還元ガスに用いて酸化鉄から還元鉄を製造する際に、従来に比べ、還元鉄の製造の効率化を図れる還元鉄の製造システム及び還元鉄の製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 An aspect of the present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and when reduced iron is produced from iron oxide using coal gas as a reducing gas, compared with the conventional production of reduced iron. It is an object of the present invention to provide a reduced iron manufacturing system and a reduced iron manufacturing method capable of improving the efficiency of the iron.
本発明の一態様の還元鉄の製造システムは、地下に存在する石炭層に酸化剤ガスを送るための注入井と、前記石炭層において、酸化剤ガスを用いて石炭のガス化が行われるガス化領域と、石炭ガス化で生成される石炭ガスを地上に送るための生産井と、前記石炭ガスを還元ガスに用い、酸化鉄を還元鉄に還元する還元炉と、を備え、前記還元炉は、前記生産井の直上又はその近傍に配置されている。 The production system for reduced iron according to one aspect of the present invention includes an injection well for sending an oxidant gas to a coal bed existing underground, and a gas in which coal is gasified using the oxidant gas in the coal bed. A reduction well, a production well for sending coal gas generated by coal gasification to the ground, and a reduction furnace that uses the coal gas as a reduction gas and reduces iron oxide to reduced iron. Is arranged directly above or near the production well.
本発明の一態様の還元鉄の製造方法は、地下の石炭層へ酸化剤ガスを供給する工程と、前記石炭層において、前記酸化剤ガスを用いて石炭をガス化させる工程と、前記石炭ガスを地上の還元炉へと導く工程と、前記還元炉において、前記石炭ガスを還元ガスに用い、酸化鉄を還元鉄に還元する工程と、を備える。 The method for producing reduced iron according to one aspect of the present invention includes a step of supplying an oxidant gas to an underground coal bed, a step of gasifying coal using the oxidant gas in the coal bed, and the coal gas To the ground reduction furnace, and in the reduction furnace, using the coal gas as a reducing gas and reducing iron oxide to reduced iron.
本発明の一態様の還元鉄の製造システム及び還元鉄の製造方法は、石炭ガスを還元ガスに用いて酸化鉄から還元鉄を製造する際に、従来に比べ、還元鉄の製造の効率化を図れる。 In the reduced iron production system and the reduced iron production method according to one aspect of the present invention, when reducing iron is produced from iron oxide using coal gas as the reducing gas, the efficiency of the production of reduced iron is improved compared to the conventional case. I can plan.
[本発明の実施形態を得るに至った経緯]
最近、従来の採掘方法では、技術的あるいは経済的に採掘できない石炭を地下でガス化することで、石炭資源を有効に活用し得る技術が注目されている。この石炭地下ガス化(UCG: Underground Coal Gasification)は、地下に存在する石炭層の石炭を原位置でガス化させ、水素ガス、一酸化炭素ガス等の石炭ガスを生成する技術である。具体的には、地下深く(例えば、1000m以上の深さ)の石炭層に地面から注入井を掘削し、酸化剤ガス(空気、酸素ガス等)を送る。これにより、地下の石炭層において、高温で石炭をガス化させる。石炭ガス化で生成されるガスは、生産井を通じて地上に送られる。[Background to obtaining the embodiment of the present invention]
Recently, in the conventional mining method, attention has been paid to a technology that can effectively utilize coal resources by gasifying underground coal that cannot be mined technically or economically. Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) is a technology that generates coal gas such as hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide gas by gasifying coal in the coal bed existing underground. Specifically, an injection well is excavated from the ground into a coal bed deep underground (for example, a depth of 1000 m or more), and an oxidant gas (air, oxygen gas, etc.) is sent. Thereby, coal is gasified at high temperature in an underground coal bed. Gas produced by coal gasification is sent to the ground through production wells.
ここで、発明者は、このようなUCG技術の石炭ガスを還元ガスに用い、酸化鉄から還元鉄を製造する場合に極めて都合が良いことを見出した。 Here, the inventor has found that such a UCG technology coal gas is used as a reducing gas and is extremely convenient when producing reduced iron from iron oxide.
すなわち、本発明の第1の態様の還元鉄の製造システムは、地下に存在する石炭層に酸化剤ガスを送るための注入井と、石炭層において、酸化剤ガスを用いて石炭のガス化が行われるガス化領域と、石炭ガス化で生成される石炭ガスを地上に送るための生産井と、石炭ガスを還元ガスに用い、酸化鉄を還元鉄に還元する還元炉と、を備え、還元炉は、生産井の直上又はその近傍に配置されている。 That is, the reduced iron production system according to the first aspect of the present invention includes an injection well for sending an oxidant gas to a coal bed existing underground, and coal gasification using the oxidant gas in the coal bed. A gasification region to be performed, a production well for sending coal gas generated by coal gasification to the ground, and a reduction furnace that uses coal gas as a reducing gas and reduces iron oxide to reduced iron. The furnace is arranged directly above or near the production well.
かかる構成により、上記の生産井の直上又はその近傍に、酸化鉄から還元鉄を製造する還元炉を配置することで、還元鉄の製造の効率的が図れる。 With such a configuration, it is possible to efficiently produce reduced iron by arranging a reduction furnace for producing reduced iron from iron oxide immediately above or in the vicinity of the production well.
また、本発明の第2の態様の還元鉄の製造方法は、地下の石炭層へ酸化剤ガスを供給する工程と、石炭層において、酸化剤ガスを用いて、石炭をガス化させる工程と、石炭ガスを地上の還元炉へと導く工程と、この還元炉において、石炭ガスを還元ガスに用い、酸化鉄を還元鉄に還元する工程と、を備える。 Moreover, the manufacturing method of the reduced iron of the 2nd aspect of this invention is the process of supplying oxidant gas to an underground coal bed, The process of gasifying coal using oxidant gas in a coal bed, A step of introducing the coal gas to a reduction furnace on the ground, and a step of reducing the iron oxide to reduced iron using the coal gas as the reduction gas in the reduction furnace.
以上により、UCG技術の石炭ガスを還元ガスに用い、酸化鉄から還元鉄を効率的に製造できる。 As described above, it is possible to efficiently produce reduced iron from iron oxide by using coal gas of UCG technology as the reducing gas.
また、本発明の第3の態様の還元鉄の製造方法は、第2の態様の還元鉄の製造方法において、石炭ガス化で発生する不純物は、石炭層に残留し、石炭ガスから分離することで還元炉への放出が抑制される。 The method for producing reduced iron according to the third aspect of the present invention is the method for producing reduced iron according to the second aspect, wherein impurities generated in coal gasification remain in the coal bed and are separated from coal gas. The release to the reduction furnace is suppressed.
石炭ガス化で発生する不純物(例えば、CO2、硫黄成分、亜鉛成分等)は、石炭ガス化の処理過程において、地下の石炭層に残留し、石炭ガスから分離する可能性がある。よって、このような不純物を効率良く除去できると考えられる。つまり、UCG技術では、例えば、CO2排出を抑えた石炭ガスを得ることができ、環境負荷も少ない。Impurities (for example, CO 2 , sulfur component, zinc component, etc.) generated by coal gasification may remain in the underground coal bed in the process of coal gasification and may be separated from coal gas. Therefore, it is considered that such impurities can be efficiently removed. That is, in the UCG technology, for example, coal gas with reduced CO 2 emissions can be obtained, and the environmental load is small.
以上により、石炭をガス化する際に、従来に比べ、石炭ガスから不純物を適切に除去し得る。例えば、石炭ガス化で発生するCO2の還元炉への放出を抑制できる。よって、石炭ガス化で発生する不純物(例えば、CO2、硫黄成分、亜鉛成分等)を石炭ガスから分離する分離器(ガス浄化設備)の省略化ないし簡易化が可能になる。その結果、従来に比べ、還元鉄の製造におけるコストを低減できる。As described above, when gasifying coal, impurities can be appropriately removed from the coal gas as compared with the conventional case. For example, the release of CO 2 generated by coal gasification to the reduction furnace can be suppressed. Therefore, it is possible to omit or simplify a separator (gas purification facility) that separates impurities (for example, CO 2 , sulfur component, zinc component, etc.) generated in coal gasification from coal gas. As a result, the cost in manufacturing reduced iron can be reduced as compared with the conventional case.
以下、本発明の実施形態の具体例について図面を参照しながら説明する。なお、本発明は、以下の実施形態の具体例に限定されない。
[装置構成]
図1は、本発明の実施形態による還元鉄の製造方法が行われる還元鉄の製造システムの一例を示した図である。Hereinafter, specific examples of embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In addition, this invention is not limited to the specific example of the following embodiment.
[Device configuration]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a reduced iron production system in which a method for producing reduced iron according to an embodiment of the present invention is performed.
図1に示すように、実施形態の還元鉄の製造システム100は、UCGプラント10と、地上14の還元炉20、分離器30(ガス浄化設備)とを備える。
As illustrated in FIG. 1, the reduced
UCGプラント10は、注入井11と、地下15の石炭層12と、生産井13とを備える。
The UCG
注入井11は、図示しない酸化剤ガス供給器から、地下15に存在する石炭層12に酸化剤ガスを送るための井戸である。酸化剤ガスは、石炭層12の石炭を酸化(燃焼)できれば、どのようなガスであっても構わない。なお、本明細書において、酸化剤ガスとは、石炭を酸化(燃焼)できる成分を含むガスをいう。酸化剤ガスとして、例えば、空気、酸素ガス等を例示できる。
The
石炭層12では、酸化剤ガス及び水が供給されると、石炭層12の表面で酸化(燃焼)とガス化が起こる。つまり、石炭の酸化(燃焼)で熱が発生し、炭素(C)と水蒸気(H2O)とが、石炭層12の高温のガス化領域12Aにおいて反応する。すると、水素(H2)、一酸化炭素(CO)等の石炭ガスが生成される。なお、石炭層12の石炭は、高品位炭だけでなく、低品位炭(例えば、褐炭)であっても構わない。When the oxidant gas and water are supplied to the coal layer 12, oxidation (combustion) and gasification occur on the surface of the coal layer 12. That is, heat is generated by the oxidation (combustion) of coal, and carbon (C) and water vapor (H 2 O) react in the high-
また、このとき、石炭ガス化で発生する不純物(例えば、CO2、硫黄成分、亜鉛成分等)は、石炭ガス化の処理過程において、地下15の石炭層12に残留し、石炭ガスから分離する可能性がある。そして、石炭層12の深さは、石炭層12で残留させたCO2ガスが、地上14の外気に排出されない程度の深さに設定される。例えば、石炭層12の深さは、1000m以上であっても構わない。At this time, impurities (for example, CO 2 , sulfur component, zinc component, etc.) generated by coal gasification remain in the coal layer 12 in the
生産井13は、石炭ガス化で生成される石炭ガスを地上14に送るための井戸である。
The production well 13 is a well for sending coal gas generated by coal gasification to the
なお、後述のとおり、本実施形態では、石炭ガスを酸化鉄の還元ガスに用いる。石炭ガスは、酸化鉄の還元ガスに用いることができれば、どのようなガスであっても構わない。石炭ガスとして、例えば、水素ガス、一酸化炭素ガス等を例示できる。 As will be described later, in this embodiment, coal gas is used as a reducing gas for iron oxide. The coal gas may be any gas as long as it can be used as a reducing gas for iron oxide. Examples of the coal gas include hydrogen gas and carbon monoxide gas.
このようなUCG技術は、高硫黄分、高灰分の石炭、急傾斜層の石炭等、未利用の石炭資源を有効活用できるという利点がある。また、燃焼後の灰が地上14に出ないこと、地上14での石炭の酸化(燃焼)及びガス化に比べてCO2の発生が少ないこと等、環境や地球温暖化防止の観点からも有望な技術とされている。Such UCG technology has an advantage that it can effectively utilize unused coal resources such as high sulfur content, high ash content coal, and steep grade coal. It is also promising from the viewpoint of environment and global warming prevention, such as the fact that the ash after combustion does not appear on the
分離器30は、適宜の配管を介して生産井13と連結されている。これにより、生産井13からの石炭ガスが分離器30に流入する。そして、分離器30は、石炭ガス化で発生する不純物(例えば、CO2、硫黄成分、亜鉛成分等)を石炭ガスから分離する。分離器30は、石炭ガス化で発生する不純物(例えば、CO2、硫黄成分、亜鉛成分等)を石炭ガスから分離できれば、どのような構成であっても構わない。例えば、図1に示すように、生産井13の直上又はその近傍に、分離器30を配置してもいいし、地下15の適所に分離器30を配置してもいい。また、分離器30で分離した不純物は、再利用してもいいし、地下15に戻してもいい。なお、分離器30の内部構成は公知である。よって、かかる構成の説明は省略する。The
還元炉20は、上記の石炭ガスを還元ガスに用い、酸化鉄を還元鉄に還元する。本実施形態では、還元炉20は、生産井13の直上又はその近傍に配置され、適宜の配管を介して分離器30に連結されている。これにより、分離器30からの石炭ガスが還元炉20に流入する。なお、本明細書において、上記の近傍とは、生産井13によって地上14に上げられた石炭ガスが、パイプライン等によって長距離輸送されないことをいう。
The reduction furnace 20 uses the above coal gas as a reducing gas and reduces iron oxide to reduced iron. In the present embodiment, the reduction furnace 20 is disposed immediately above the production well 13 or in the vicinity thereof, and is connected to the
本実施形態では、還元鉄は、例えば、塊鉄鉱石や微粉鉄鉱石から製造した酸化鉄含有原料(酸化鉄素材)を高炉に比べ低温で、還元ガスにより直接還元する製鉄法により得られる。還元炉20は、還元ガスを用いて、酸化鉄を還元鉄に還元できれば、どのような構成であっても構わない。還元炉20による酸化鉄のガスベース直接還元法として、例えば、ミドレックス法等を例示できる。また、上記酸化鉄素材は、高品位の鉄鉱石だけでなく、低品位の鉄鉱石(例えば、Feの占める割合が30%程度)から製造されていても構わない。
[動作]
以下、本発明の実施形態による還元鉄の製造方法の一例について図1を参照しながら説明する。In the present embodiment, the reduced iron is obtained, for example, by an iron manufacturing method in which an iron oxide-containing raw material (iron oxide material) produced from lump iron ore or fine iron ore is directly reduced with a reducing gas at a lower temperature than a blast furnace. The reducing furnace 20 may have any configuration as long as it can reduce iron oxide to reduced iron using a reducing gas. Examples of the gas-based direct reduction method of iron oxide by the reduction furnace 20 include the Midrex method. The iron oxide material may be manufactured not only from high-grade iron ore but also from low-grade iron ore (for example, the proportion of Fe is about 30%).
[Operation]
Hereinafter, an example of the manufacturing method of reduced iron by embodiment of this invention is demonstrated, referring FIG.
まず、地下15の石炭層12へ酸化剤ガスを供給する。具体的には、注入井11を用いて、図示しない地上14の酸化剤ガス供給器から空気、酸素ガス等の酸化剤ガスが地下15に存在する石炭層12に供給される。 First, oxidant gas is supplied to the coal bed 12 in the underground 15. Specifically, an oxidant gas such as air or oxygen gas is supplied to the coal bed 12 existing in the underground 15 from an oxidant gas supply unit on the ground 14 (not shown) using the injection well 11.
そして、石炭層12において、上記の酸化剤ガスを用いて石炭層12の石炭をガス化させる。具体的には、石炭の酸化(燃焼)で熱が発生し、炭素(C)と水蒸気(H2O)とが、石炭層12の高温のガス化領域12Aにおいて反応する。すると、水素(H2)、一酸化炭素(CO)等の石炭ガスが生成される。And in the coal bed 12, coal of the coal bed 12 is gasified using said oxidizing gas. Specifically, heat is generated by oxidation (combustion) of coal, and carbon (C) and water vapor (H 2 O) react in the high-
次いで、上記の石炭ガスを地上14の分離器30及び還元炉20へと、この順に導く。具体的には、生産井13を用いて、水素(H2)、一酸化炭素(CO)等の石炭ガスが、地下15の石炭層12から分離器30へと導かれ、更に分離器30から還元炉20へと導かれる。Next, the above-described coal gas is guided to the
このようにして、石炭ガス化で発生する不純物(例えば、CO2、硫黄成分、亜鉛成分等)は、分離器30を用いて、石炭ガスから分離する。なお、不純物は、石炭ガス化の処理過程において、地下15の石炭層12に残留し、石炭ガスから分離する可能性もある。よって、不純物を効率良く除去できる。Thus, impurities (for example, CO 2 , sulfur component, zinc component, etc.) generated by coal gasification are separated from the coal gas using the
次いで、この還元炉20において、上記の石炭ガスを還元ガスに用い、酸化鉄を還元鉄に還元する。例えば、酸化鉄含有原料には、塊鉄鉱石や微粉鉄鉱石から製造した酸化鉄素材が使用され、この酸化鉄素材が、所定の温度に加熱された還元炉20内に供給される。一方、還元炉20内に還元ガスを導入しているので、酸化鉄素材が還元ガスと接触して酸化鉄の還元反応が進行する。これにより、直接還元鉄(DRI−Direct Reduced Iron)のペレットが製造される。 Next, in the reducing furnace 20, the above-described coal gas is used as a reducing gas, and iron oxide is reduced to reduced iron. For example, as the iron oxide-containing raw material, an iron oxide material manufactured from lump iron ore or fine iron ore is used, and this iron oxide material is supplied into a reduction furnace 20 heated to a predetermined temperature. On the other hand, since the reducing gas is introduced into the reducing furnace 20, the iron oxide material comes into contact with the reducing gas and the iron oxide reduction reaction proceeds. Thereby, the pellet of direct reduced iron (DRI-Direct Reduced Iron) is manufactured.
なお、その後、本還元鉄ペレットは、例えば、図示しない電気炉等に送られ、溶融、不純物除去、成分調整等が行われた後、連続鋳造、圧延等を経て製鉄製品となる。 After that, the reduced iron pellets are sent to, for example, an electric furnace (not shown) and subjected to melting, impurity removal, component adjustment, and the like, and then subjected to continuous casting, rolling, and the like to become iron products.
このようにして、本実施形態では、石炭ガスを還元ガスに用いて酸化鉄から還元鉄を製造する際に、従来に比べ、還元鉄の製造の効率化を図れる。例えば、生産井13の直上又はその近傍に、酸化鉄から還元鉄を製造する還元炉20を配置することで、還元鉄の製造の効率的が図れる。 Thus, in this embodiment, when manufacturing reduced iron from iron oxide using coal gas as reducing gas, the efficiency of manufacture of reduced iron can be improved compared with the past. For example, by arranging the reducing furnace 20 that manufactures reduced iron from iron oxide immediately above or near the production well 13, the efficiency of manufacturing reduced iron can be improved.
また、石炭をガス化する際に、従来に比べ、石炭ガスから不純物(例えば、CO2、硫黄成分、亜鉛成分等)を適切に除去し得る。つまり、石炭ガス化で発生する不純物は、地下15の石炭層12に残留し、石炭ガスから分離する可能性がある。これにより、本実施形態では、石炭ガス化で発生するCO2の分離器30及び還元炉20への放出を抑制できる。よって、CO2を除去する分離器30(ガス浄化設備)の省略化ないし簡易化が可能になる。その結果、従来に比べ、還元鉄の製造におけるコストを低減できる。Further, when gasifying coal, compared to the conventional impurities from coal gas (e.g., CO 2, sulfur components, zinc components, etc.) may be suitably removed. That is, impurities generated by coal gasification may remain in the coal layer 12 in the underground 15 and be separated from the coal gas. Thus, in the present embodiment, it is possible to suppress the release into the
本発明の一態様の還元鉄の製造システム及び還元鉄の製造方法は、石炭ガスを還元ガスに用いて酸化鉄から還元鉄を製造する際に、従来に比べ、還元鉄の製造の効率化を図れる。よって、本発明の一態様は、例えば、石炭ガスを還元ガスに用いて酸化鉄から還元鉄を製造するシステム及び方法に利用できる。 In the reduced iron production system and the reduced iron production method according to one aspect of the present invention, when reducing iron is produced from iron oxide using coal gas as the reducing gas, the efficiency of the production of reduced iron is improved compared to the conventional case. I can plan. Therefore, one embodiment of the present invention can be used, for example, in a system and method for producing reduced iron from iron oxide using coal gas as a reducing gas.
10 UCGプラント
11 注入井
12 石炭層
12A ガス化領域
13 生産井
14 地上
15 地下
20 還元炉
30 分離器
100 還元鉄の製造システム
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (3)
石炭層において、酸化剤ガスを用いて石炭のガス化が行われるガス化領域と、
石炭ガス化で生成される石炭ガスを地上に送るための生産井と、
前記石炭ガスを還元ガスに用い、酸化鉄を還元鉄に還元する還元炉と、
を備え、
前記還元炉は、前記生産井の直上又はその近傍に配置されている、還元鉄の製造システム。 An injection well for sending oxidant gas to the underground coal bed;
In the coal formation, a gasification region in which gasification of coal is performed using an oxidant gas,
A production well for sending coal gas generated by coal gasification to the ground;
A reduction furnace that uses the coal gas as a reducing gas and reduces iron oxide to reduced iron;
With
The said reduction furnace is a manufacturing system of reduced iron currently arrange | positioned directly on the said production well or its vicinity.
前記石炭層において、前記酸化剤ガスを用いて石炭をガス化させる工程と、
前記石炭をガス化させる工程で生成される石炭ガスを地上の還元炉へと導く工程と、
前記還元炉において、前記石炭ガスを還元ガスに用い、酸化鉄を還元鉄に還元する工程と、を備える還元鉄の製造方法。 Supplying oxidant gas to the underground coal seam;
In the coal bed, gasifying the coal using the oxidant gas;
A step of guiding the coal gas generated in the step of gasifying the coal to a reduction furnace on the ground;
A method for producing reduced iron, comprising: using the coal gas as a reducing gas and reducing iron oxide to reduced iron in the reducing furnace.
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JPS5753592A (en) * | 1980-08-01 | 1982-03-30 | Air Prod & Chem | Coal gasification in scene |
JPS57168991A (en) * | 1981-03-21 | 1982-10-18 | Krupp Gmbh | Solid fuel underground gasification |
JPS62174310A (en) * | 1986-01-27 | 1987-07-31 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Feeding and charging device for pig iron raw material |
JP2000212620A (en) * | 1999-01-28 | 2000-08-02 | Nippon Steel Corp | Production of reduced iron |
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2014
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JPS5753592A (en) * | 1980-08-01 | 1982-03-30 | Air Prod & Chem | Coal gasification in scene |
JPS57168991A (en) * | 1981-03-21 | 1982-10-18 | Krupp Gmbh | Solid fuel underground gasification |
JPS62174310A (en) * | 1986-01-27 | 1987-07-31 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Feeding and charging device for pig iron raw material |
JP2000212620A (en) * | 1999-01-28 | 2000-08-02 | Nippon Steel Corp | Production of reduced iron |
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CN107083948A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-08-22 | 新疆国利衡清洁能源科技有限公司 | Coal underground gasification furnace body structure and construction method |
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