JP5896970B2 - Method and equipment for producing stretched film - Google Patents

Method and equipment for producing stretched film Download PDF

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JP5896970B2
JP5896970B2 JP2013199846A JP2013199846A JP5896970B2 JP 5896970 B2 JP5896970 B2 JP 5896970B2 JP 2013199846 A JP2013199846 A JP 2013199846A JP 2013199846 A JP2013199846 A JP 2013199846A JP 5896970 B2 JP5896970 B2 JP 5896970B2
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film
temperature
speed roller
roller
stretched
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JP2015066679A (en
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俊郎 江崎
俊郎 江崎
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Fujifilm Corp
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Priority to CN201410478719.6A priority patent/CN104512033A/en
Priority to TW103132557A priority patent/TWI648145B/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C55/00—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C55/02—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets
    • B29C55/04—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique
    • B29C55/06—Shaping by stretching, e.g. drawing through a die; Apparatus therefor of plates or sheets uniaxial, e.g. oblique parallel with the direction of feed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29D—PRODUCING PARTICULAR ARTICLES FROM PLASTICS OR FROM SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE
    • B29D7/00—Producing flat articles, e.g. films or sheets
    • B29D7/01—Films or sheets

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Shaping By String And By Release Of Stress In Plastics And The Like (AREA)

Description

本発明は、一対のローラの周速差によりフィルムを搬送方向に延伸する延伸フィルムの製造方法及び設備に関する。   The present invention relates to a stretched film manufacturing method and equipment for stretching a film in the transport direction by a difference in peripheral speed between a pair of rollers.

一般に、熱可塑性樹脂フィルムの製造は大きく分けて、溶液製膜法と溶融製膜法とに分類される。溶液製膜法では、熱可塑性樹脂が溶剤に溶解されたドープをダイから支持体、例えば冷却ドラムや乾燥バンド上に流延した後、剥がしてフィルムとする。また、溶融製膜法は、熱可塑性樹脂を押出機で溶融した後、ダイから支持体、例えば冷却ドラム上に押し出した後、剥がしてフィルムにする。   In general, the production of a thermoplastic resin film is roughly classified into a solution casting method and a melt casting method. In the solution casting method, a dope in which a thermoplastic resin is dissolved in a solvent is cast from a die onto a support, such as a cooling drum or a drying band, and then peeled to obtain a film. In the melt film-forming method, a thermoplastic resin is melted by an extruder, then extruded from a die onto a support, for example, a cooling drum, and then peeled to form a film.

これらの方法により製膜された熱可塑性フィルム、例えばセルロースアシレートフィルムは、通常、縦方向（搬送方向）、横方向（幅方向）に延伸することによって、面内レターデーション（Ｒｅ）、厚み方向のレターデーション（Ｒｔｈ）を発現させる。これにより、液晶表示装置の位相差フィルムとして使用する際に、視野角拡大を図ることができる。   Thermoplastic films formed by these methods, for example, cellulose acylate films, are usually stretched in the longitudinal direction (conveying direction) and transverse direction (width direction) to achieve in-plane retardation (Re) and thickness direction. The retardation (Rth) is expressed. Thereby, when using as a phase difference film of a liquid crystal display device, a viewing angle can be expanded.

熱可塑性フィルムを縦方向に延伸する場合には、例えば複数本の予熱ローラで熱可塑性フィルムを予熱した後に、搬送方向に離して配される一対の延伸ローラの周速差により縦方向に延伸加工する（例えば、特許文献１参照）。この延伸加工では、予熱ローラや延伸ローラなどにより、フィルムを加熱して縦延伸する。また、縦延伸後には冷却ローラにより冷却して、次の工程に送っている。このようにフィルムに各ローラを接触させた状態で加熱または冷却を行うため、フィルム幅方向にシワが発生したり、このシワに起因して擦り傷が発生したりする。   When the thermoplastic film is stretched in the longitudinal direction, for example, the thermoplastic film is preheated with a plurality of preheating rollers, and then stretched in the longitudinal direction due to a difference in peripheral speed between a pair of stretching rollers arranged apart in the conveying direction. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). In the stretching process, the film is heated and stretched longitudinally by a preheating roller or a stretching roller. Further, after the longitudinal stretching, it is cooled by a cooling roller and sent to the next step. Thus, since heating or cooling is performed in a state where each roller is in contact with the film, wrinkles are generated in the width direction of the film, or scratches are generated due to the wrinkles.

例えば、特許文献１では、複数本の予熱ローラにフィルムが接触して、フィルム表面に擦り傷が発生したり、シワが発生したりすることを防止するために、複数本の予熱ローラと上流側の延伸ローラの周速度を、各ローラへのフィルム接触前後での温度変化に基づき、下流に向かうに従い次第に増速させて、各予熱ローラ間に適度な張力を付与して擦り傷やシワの発生を抑えている。また、特許文献２では、縦延伸時に、低速側延伸ロールによるフィルムの接触時間を０．５秒以上２．５秒以下として、かつ低速側延伸ロールの表面温度をＴｇ−６℃以上Ｔｇ＋６℃以下として縦延伸時に剥離ムラの発生を抑えている。   For example, in Patent Document 1, in order to prevent the film from coming into contact with a plurality of preheating rollers and causing scratches or wrinkles on the film surface, a plurality of preheating rollers and an upstream side are prevented. Based on the temperature change before and after film contact with each roller, the stretching roller's peripheral speed is gradually increased toward the downstream, giving appropriate tension between each preheating roller to suppress the occurrence of scratches and wrinkles. ing. Moreover, in patent document 2, the contact time of the film by a low speed side extending | stretching roll shall be 0.5 second or more and 2.5 seconds or less at the time of longitudinal stretching, and the surface temperature of a low speed side extending | stretching roll is Tg-6 degreeC or more and Tg + 6 degrees C or less. As a result, the occurrence of uneven peeling during longitudinal stretching is suppressed.

特開２００８−２１３３３２号公報JP 2008-213332 A 特開２０１１−２４５６２４号公報JP 2011-245624 A

ところで、最近の液晶表示装置は、軽量、薄型、高品質が求められるようになり、使用されるフィルムも、例えば２０μｍ以上６０μｍ以下程度の薄く高品質なものが求められている。このような薄型フィルムを縦延伸して製造する場合には、特許文献１のような予熱ローラによる予熱方法や、特許文献２のような低速側延伸ローラの表面温度やフィルム接触時間の調整による剥離ムラの抑制でも限界があり、フィルム表面に全体的な凹みが発生したり、擦り傷が発生したり、シワが発生したりすることがあり、改善が求められていた。   By the way, recent liquid crystal display devices are required to be lightweight, thin and high quality, and a film to be used is required to be thin and high quality, for example, about 20 μm to 60 μm. When such a thin film is produced by longitudinal stretching, peeling by adjusting a preheating method using a preheating roller as in Patent Document 1 or a surface temperature or film contact time of a low-speed stretching roller as in Patent Document 2. There is a limit to the suppression of unevenness, and an overall dent, a scratch or a wrinkle may occur on the film surface, and improvement has been demanded.

本発明はこのような課題を解決するものであり、フィルムの薄手化に対応可能であり、フィルムに擦り傷やシワを発生させることのない延伸フィルムの製造方法及び設備を提供することを目的とする。   This invention solves such a subject, and it aims at providing the manufacturing method and installation of a stretched film which can respond to thinning of a film and does not generate | occur | produce a scratch and a wrinkle on a film. .

薄膜化に伴う凹みや擦り傷やシワの発生原因を鋭意検討した結果、次のような知見を得た。縦延伸時には、加熱された低速側延伸ローラにフィルムが接触することによりフィルムが加熱され、これに続いて、低速側延伸ローラと高速側延伸ローラとの速度差によって、フィルムが縦延伸される。低速側延伸ローラに接触して加熱されたフィルムは延伸ローラ間を走行して、次の高速側延伸ローラに接触する。この時、高速側延伸ローラに接触するフィルムと高速側延伸ローラとの間に温度差があると、この温度差分だけフィルムは接触冷却または加熱される。この冷却または加熱によってフィルムの収縮または膨張が延伸と同時に発生することにより、延伸ムラが発生する。この延伸ムラにより、フィルムの全幅における平面性が悪化し、凹凸ができてしまう。このようなフィルムを延伸ローラに接触させて搬送すると、フィルム全面に凹みが発生する他に、フィルムが局所的に強く擦れ、フィルムに擦り傷やシワが発生するとの知見を得た。   As a result of intensive studies on the causes of dents, scratches and wrinkles associated with thinning, the following findings were obtained. At the time of longitudinal stretching, the film is heated by contacting the heated low-speed stretching roller, and subsequently, the film is longitudinally stretched by the speed difference between the low-speed stretching roller and the high-speed stretching roller. The film heated in contact with the low-speed drawing roller travels between the drawing rollers and comes into contact with the next high-speed drawing roller. At this time, if there is a temperature difference between the film in contact with the high-speed drawing roller and the high-speed drawing roller, the film is contact cooled or heated by this temperature difference. Due to this cooling or heating, shrinkage or expansion of the film occurs at the same time as stretching, thereby causing stretching unevenness. Due to this stretching unevenness, the flatness in the entire width of the film is deteriorated, resulting in unevenness. It has been found that when such a film is brought into contact with a stretching roller and conveyed, the film is rubbed strongly and the film is rubbed locally and scratches and wrinkles are generated.

上記知見に基づき、本発明では、帯状の熱可塑性樹脂からなるフィルムを搬送し、フィルムの搬送方向の上流側に配される低速ローラ及び下流側に配される高速ローラの周速差により、フィルムを縦延伸して延伸フィルムを製造する。高速ローラの表面温度をＴとし、高速ローラに接触する直前のフィルムの温度をｔとした時に、両者の温度差｜Ｔ−ｔ｜を１０℃以下に制御する。 Based on the above knowledge, in the present invention, a film made of a strip-shaped thermoplastic resin is transported, and the film is caused by a difference in peripheral speed between a low speed roller disposed on the upstream side in the film transport direction and a high speed roller disposed on the downstream side. Is stretched longitudinally to produce a stretched film. When the surface temperature of the high-speed roller is T and the temperature of the film immediately before contacting the high-speed roller is t, the temperature difference | T−t | between the two is controlled to 10 ° C. or less.

高速ローラに接触する直前のフィルム温度ｔが高速ローラの表面温度Ｔになるように、低速ローラ及び高速ローラ間のフィルムの温度を制御することが好ましい。低速ローラ及び高速ローラ間のフィルムの温度の制御は、フィルムの搬送方向に直交する幅方向に配される近赤外線ラインヒータや、送風ノズル、温調ローラ、低速ローラ及び高速ローラ間のフィルムを覆う加熱チャンバ等が用いられる。 It is preferable to control the temperature of the film between the low speed roller and the high speed roller so that the film temperature t immediately before contacting the high speed roller becomes the surface temperature T of the high speed roller. Control of the film temperature between the low-speed roller and the high-speed roller covers the film between the near-infrared line heater arranged in the width direction orthogonal to the film transport direction, the blower nozzle, the temperature control roller, the low-speed roller, and the high-speed roller. A heating chamber or the like is used.

フィルムのガラス転移温度をＴｇとした際に、低速ローラにより、フィルムを（Ｔｇ−２０）℃以上（Ｔｇ＋２０）℃以下の延伸温度Ｔｅに加熱し、高速ローラにより、フィルムを（Ｔｇ−１００）℃以上（Ｔｇ−５）℃以下に冷却し、且つ前記高速ローラによる前記フィルムの冷却温度は前記低速ローラによる前記フィルムの加熱温度以下であることが好ましい。 When the glass transition temperature of the film is Tg, the film is heated to a stretching temperature Te of (Tg−20) ° C. or more and (Tg + 20) ° C. or less by a low speed roller, and the film is (Tg−100) ° C. by a high speed roller. It is preferable that the film is cooled to (Tg-5) ° C. or lower , and the cooling temperature of the film by the high speed roller is lower than the heating temperature of the film by the low speed roller .

フィルムの縦延伸の前にフィルムを（Ｔｇ−４０）℃以上（Ｔｇ−５）℃以下に予熱し、フィルムの縦延伸の後にフィルムに接触する冷却ローラによりフィルムを冷却することが好ましい。また、低速ローラと高速ローラとの間のフィルム搬送方向長さを延伸前のフィルム幅で除した縦延伸アスペクト比が０．０１以上３．０以下であることが好ましい。   It is preferable to preheat the film to (Tg-40) ° C. or higher and (Tg-5) ° C. or lower before the film is stretched, and then cool the film with a cooling roller that contacts the film after the film is stretched. Moreover, it is preferable that the longitudinal stretch aspect ratio which remove | divided the film conveyance direction length between a low speed roller and a high speed roller by the film width before extending | stretching is 0.01-3.0.

本発明の延伸フィルムの製造設備は、帯状の熱可塑性樹脂からなるフィルムを搬送し、フィルムの搬送方向の上流側に配される低速ローラ及び下流側に配される高速ローラの周速差により、フィルムを縦延伸して延伸フィルムを製造する。高速ローラの表面温度をＴとし、高速ローラに接触する直前のフィルムの温度をｔとした時に、両者の温度差｜Ｔ−ｔ｜を１０℃以下に制御する温度制御部を備える。温度制御部は、より好ましくは、高速ローラに接触する直前のフィルム温度ｔが高速ローラの表面温度Ｔになるように、低速ローラ及び高速ローラ間のフィルムの温度を制御する。 The production facility for the stretched film of the present invention conveys a film made of a strip-shaped thermoplastic resin, and due to the difference in peripheral speed between the low-speed roller arranged on the upstream side in the film conveyance direction and the high-speed roller arranged on the downstream side, The film is stretched longitudinally to produce a stretched film. A temperature control unit is provided for controlling the temperature difference | T−t | between the high-speed roller and the temperature immediately before contacting the high-speed roller to T. More preferably, the temperature control unit controls the temperature of the film between the low-speed roller and the high-speed roller so that the film temperature t immediately before contacting the high-speed roller becomes the surface temperature T of the high-speed roller.

本発明によれば、高速ローラとこの高速ローラに接触するフィルムとの温度差が少なくなり、凹みや擦り傷、シワなどのフィルム面状故障がない縦延伸が可能になる。   According to the present invention, the temperature difference between the high-speed roller and the film in contact with the high-speed roller is reduced, and longitudinal stretching without film surface faults such as dents, scratches, and wrinkles becomes possible.

本発明の延伸フィルムの製造設備の一例の概要を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the outline | summary of an example of the manufacturing equipment of the stretched film of this invention. 縦延伸部の一例を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows an example of a longitudinal stretch part. 送風ノズルを用いた他の実施形態の縦延伸部の一例を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows an example of the longitudinal stretch part of other embodiment using a ventilation nozzle. 温調ローラを用いた他の実施形態の縦延伸部の一例を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows an example of the longitudinal stretch part of other embodiment using a temperature control roller. 加熱チャンバを用いた他の実施形態の縦延伸部の一例を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows an example of the longitudinal stretch part of other embodiment using a heating chamber. 縦延伸部の下流にスリッタを有する他の実施形態の一例を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows an example of other embodiment which has a slitter downstream of a longitudinal stretch part.

図１に示すように、本発明の延伸フィルムの製造設備１０は予熱部１１、縦延伸部１２、冷却部１３を備える。延伸フィルムの製造設備１０には、入口側に前工程装置９が接続され、出口側に後工程装置１４が接続される。前工程装置９としては、図示しない製膜設備、フィルム送出装置などがある。製膜設備としては周知の溶液製膜設備、溶融製膜設備などが用いられる。フィルム送出装置は、製膜設備からフィルム１５が直接送られる場合と異なり、製膜後にロール状に巻き取られたロールフィルムからフィルム１５を引き出して、フィルム１５を供給する。後工程装置１４として、縦延伸の後に、横延伸する場合に用いられるクリップテンタや、フィルム巻取り装置などがある。縦延伸に続いて横延伸を連続して行わない場合には、クリップテンタが省略され、フィルム巻取り装置によりロール状にフィルム１５が巻き取られる。   As shown in FIG. 1, the stretched film manufacturing facility 10 of the present invention includes a preheating unit 11, a longitudinal stretching unit 12, and a cooling unit 13. A pre-process device 9 is connected to the stretched film manufacturing facility 10 on the inlet side, and a post-process device 14 is connected to the outlet side. Examples of the pre-process device 9 include a film forming facility and a film delivery device (not shown). As the film forming facility, a well-known solution film forming facility, a melt film forming facility, or the like is used. Unlike the case where the film 15 is directly sent from the film forming facility, the film delivery apparatus pulls out the film 15 from the roll film wound up in a roll shape after the film formation and supplies the film 15. Examples of the post-process device 14 include a clip tenter and a film winding device that are used in the case of lateral stretching after longitudinal stretching. When the transverse stretching is not performed continuously following the longitudinal stretching, the clip tenter is omitted, and the film 15 is wound in a roll shape by the film winding device.

延伸するフィルム１５は熱可塑性樹脂フィルムであれば良く、例えば位相差フィルムなどの光学フィルムに用いるのに適しているセルロースアシレートやノルボルネン系樹脂、アクリル、ポリカーボネート製などである。   The stretched film 15 may be a thermoplastic resin film, and is made of, for example, cellulose acylate, norbornene resin, acrylic, polycarbonate, or the like suitable for use in an optical film such as a retardation film.

予熱部１１は、予熱ローラ対１６、第１予熱ローラ１７、第２予熱ローラ１８を備える。予熱ローラ対１６は、入口予熱ローラ１６ａとニップローラ１６ｂとを有し、フィルム１５をニップして搬送する。入口予熱ローラ１６ａ、第１予熱ローラ１７、第２予熱ローラ１８にはフィルム１５がクロス掛けで渡される。これにより、フィルム１５と各予熱ローラ１６ａ，１７，１８との接触面積が増えて、効率良く予熱が行われる。   The preheating unit 11 includes a preheating roller pair 16, a first preheating roller 17, and a second preheating roller 18. The preheating roller pair 16 includes an inlet preheating roller 16a and a nip roller 16b, and nips and conveys the film 15. The film 15 is crossed over the inlet preheating roller 16a, the first preheating roller 17, and the second preheating roller 18. Thereby, the contact area of the film 15 and each preheating roller 16a, 17, 18 increases, and preheating is performed efficiently.

予熱温度は、延伸可能となる温度よりも低い温度にする必要がある。そこで、フィルム１５のガラス転移温度をＴｇとした際に、フィルム１５を（Ｔｇ−４０）℃以上（Ｔｇ−５）℃以下に予熱して、縦延伸部１２にフィルム１５を送る。具体的には、入口予熱ローラ１６ａでフィルム１５を（Ｔｇ−６０）℃以上（Ｔｇ−３５）℃以下に予熱し、第１予熱ローラ１７でフィルム１５を（Ｔｇ−５０）℃以上（Ｔｇ−２５）℃以下に更に予熱し、第２予熱ローラ１８でフィルム１５を（Ｔｇ−４０）℃以上（Ｔｇ−５）℃以下に更に予熱する。 The preheating temperature needs to be lower than the temperature at which stretching is possible. Therefore, when the glass transition temperature of the film 15 is Tg, the film 15 is preheated to (Tg−40) ° C. or higher and (Tg−5) ° C. or lower, and the film 15 is sent to the longitudinally stretched portion 12. Specifically, the film 15 is preheated to (Tg−60) ° C. or more and (Tg−35) ° C. or less by the inlet preheating roller 16a, and the film 15 is (Tg−50) ° C. or more (Tg−) by the first preheating roller 17. 25) Further preheat to below ℃, and further preheat the film 15 to (Tg-40) ℃ above (Tg-5) ℃ with the second preheating roller 18.

予熱部１１を経て一定温度に予熱されたフィルム１５は、縦延伸部１２に送られる。縦延伸部１２は、低速ローラ対２１、高速ローラ対２２を備える。低速ローラ対２１は低速ローラ２１ａとニップローラ２１ｂとを有する。高速ローラ対２２は、高速ローラ２２ａとニップローラ２２ｂとを有する。   The film 15 preheated to a constant temperature through the preheating unit 11 is sent to the longitudinal stretching unit 12. The longitudinal stretching unit 12 includes a low-speed roller pair 21 and a high-speed roller pair 22. The low speed roller pair 21 has a low speed roller 21a and a nip roller 21b. The high speed roller pair 22 includes a high speed roller 22a and a nip roller 22b.

低速ローラ２１ａ、高速ローラ２２ａには、温調媒体循環部から個別に温調媒体、例えば、水やオイル、水蒸気等が供給される。この温調媒体の循環供給によって、各ローラ２１ａ，２２ａは所望の表面温度に設定される。例えば、低速ローラ２１ａは（Ｔｇ−２０）℃以上（Ｔｇ＋２０）℃以下であり、高速ローラ２２ａは（Ｔｇ−１００）℃以上（Ｔｇ−５）℃以下である。このような温度範囲に設定されることにより、２０μｍ以上１００μｍ以下、好ましくは２０μｍ以上６０μｍ以下、特に好ましくは２０μｍ以上４０μｍ以下の薄いフィルム１５に対して、均一な縦延伸が可能になる。   The low-speed roller 21a and the high-speed roller 22a are individually supplied with a temperature control medium such as water, oil, water vapor, or the like from the temperature control medium circulation unit. The rollers 21a and 22a are set to a desired surface temperature by circulating and supplying the temperature control medium. For example, the low speed roller 21a is (Tg−20) ° C. or higher and (Tg + 20) ° C. or lower, and the high speed roller 22a is (Tg−100) ° C. or higher and (Tg−5) ° C. or lower. By setting the temperature within such a range, uniform longitudinal stretching can be performed on the thin film 15 having a thickness of 20 μm to 100 μm, preferably 20 μm to 60 μm, and particularly preferably 20 μm to 40 μm.

図２に示すように、低速ローラ対２１から出たフィルム１５は高速ローラ対２２まで搬送される間に室温等の環境温度の影響によって、温度が低下する。したがって、高速ローラ２２ａにフィルム１５が接触する時には、両者の間に温度差が発生する。この温度差により高速ローラ２２ａの温度がフィルム１５の温度に比べて低い場合には、高速ローラ２２ａに接触するフィルム１５が接触冷却される。これにより、フィルム１５の収縮が延伸と同時に発生して、延伸ムラが発生する。この温度差を無くすために、低速ローラ２１ａと高速ローラ２２ａとの間のフィルム１５に接近して、近赤外線ラインヒータ２３が配されている。なお、製造環境によって、温度差により高速ローラ２２ａの温度がフィルム１５の温度に比べて高いと、高速ローラ２２ａに接触するフィルム１５が接触により加熱されて膨張が延伸と同時に発生する。この場合には、後に説明するように、送風ノズル５０（図３参照）、温調ローラ５３，５４（図４参照）、加熱チャンバ５６，５７（図５参照）等を用いて、フィルム１５を冷却する。   As shown in FIG. 2, the temperature of the film 15 coming out from the low-speed roller pair 21 is lowered due to the influence of the environmental temperature such as room temperature while being transported to the high-speed roller pair 22. Therefore, when the film 15 comes into contact with the high speed roller 22a, a temperature difference occurs between them. When the temperature of the high speed roller 22a is lower than the temperature of the film 15 due to this temperature difference, the film 15 in contact with the high speed roller 22a is contact cooled. Thereby, shrinkage of the film 15 occurs simultaneously with stretching, and stretching unevenness occurs. In order to eliminate this temperature difference, a near infrared line heater 23 is disposed close to the film 15 between the low speed roller 21a and the high speed roller 22a. If the temperature of the high-speed roller 22a is higher than the temperature of the film 15 due to a temperature difference depending on the manufacturing environment, the film 15 in contact with the high-speed roller 22a is heated by contact and expansion occurs simultaneously with stretching. In this case, as will be described later, the film 15 is formed by using the blowing nozzle 50 (see FIG. 3), the temperature control rollers 53 and 54 (see FIG. 4), the heating chambers 56 and 57 (see FIG. 5), and the like. Cooling.

近赤外線ラインヒータ２３は、直管状の近赤外線ヒータ２３ａとリフレクタ２３ｂとを有する。リフレクタ２３ｂは、近赤外線ヒータ２３ａを収納し、この近赤外線ヒータ２３ａからの近赤外光を、フィルム１５上で幅方向にライン状に集光させる。本実施形態では、フィルム１５に対して上側に近赤外線ラインヒータ２３が配されるが、この配置位置はフィルム１５の下側でも良いし、フィルム１５に対して上下両側に配置してもよい。この近赤外線ラインヒータ２３は、フィルム１５の幅方向に配されており、フィルム１５の幅方向でライン状にフィルム１５を均一に加熱する。   The near-infrared line heater 23 includes a straight tubular near-infrared heater 23a and a reflector 23b. The reflector 23b houses the near-infrared heater 23a and condenses near-infrared light from the near-infrared heater 23a in a line shape on the film 15 in the width direction. In the present embodiment, the near-infrared line heater 23 is arranged on the upper side with respect to the film 15, but this arrangement position may be on the lower side of the film 15 or may be arranged on both the upper and lower sides with respect to the film 15. The near-infrared line heater 23 is arranged in the width direction of the film 15 and uniformly heats the film 15 in a line shape in the width direction of the film 15.

高速ローラ２２ａの近傍には温度センサ２４ａが配されている。温度センサ２４ａは、フィルム１５の温度を測定する。温度センサ２４ａの出力は温度調節器（温調器）２４に送られる。温調器２４は、温度センサ２４ａからのフィルム１５の温度情報に基づき、近赤外線ラインヒータ２３の例えば駆動電流を制御し、近赤外線ラインヒータ２３の発熱量を調節し、フィルム１５の温度ｔが高速ローラ２２ａの表面温度Ｔになるよう制御する。フィルム１５の温度ｔが高速ローラ２２ａの表面温度Ｔになるとは、例えば、フィルム１５の温度ｔと高速ローラ２２ａの表面温度Ｔとの温度差が±１℃以内になることである。なお、高速ローラ２２ａに接触する直前のフィルム温度ｔは、高速ローラ２２ａの表面温度Ｔに依存する他に、周囲の雰囲気温度、フィルム１５の搬送速度、フィルム１５の熱伝導率、比熱、比重、膜厚などの諸物性にも依存する。温調器２４による温度調節では、このような諸物性を考慮して温度調整することが好ましい。また、温度センサ２４ａを用いてフィルム温度ｔを測定する代わりに、上記各物性に基づきフィルム温度ｔを予測し、この予測値に基づきフィルム１５の温度ｔが高速ローラ２２ａの表面温度Ｔになるように制御してもよい。近赤外線ラインヒータ２３、温度センサ２４ａ、温調器４により、温度制御部が構成される。   A temperature sensor 24a is disposed in the vicinity of the high speed roller 22a. The temperature sensor 24 a measures the temperature of the film 15. The output of the temperature sensor 24 a is sent to a temperature controller (temperature controller) 24. The temperature controller 24 controls, for example, the drive current of the near infrared line heater 23 based on the temperature information of the film 15 from the temperature sensor 24a, adjusts the heat generation amount of the near infrared line heater 23, and the temperature t of the film 15 is adjusted. Control is performed so that the surface temperature T of the high-speed roller 22a is reached. The temperature t of the film 15 becomes the surface temperature T of the high speed roller 22a, for example, when the temperature difference between the temperature t of the film 15 and the surface temperature T of the high speed roller 22a is within ± 1 ° C. The film temperature t immediately before contacting the high-speed roller 22a depends on the surface temperature T of the high-speed roller 22a, and the ambient atmosphere temperature, the transport speed of the film 15, the thermal conductivity of the film 15, specific heat, specific gravity, It also depends on various physical properties such as film thickness. In the temperature adjustment by the temperature controller 24, it is preferable to adjust the temperature in consideration of such various physical properties. Further, instead of measuring the film temperature t using the temperature sensor 24a, the film temperature t is predicted based on the above physical properties, and the temperature t of the film 15 becomes the surface temperature T of the high speed roller 22a based on the predicted values. You may control to. The near-infrared line heater 23, the temperature sensor 24a, and the temperature controller 4 constitute a temperature control unit.

図１に示すように、延伸後のフィルム１５は、冷却部１３に搬送されて冷却される。各冷却ローラ２５，２６には温調媒体循環部から個別に温調媒体が供給され、各ローラ２５，２６は所望の表面温度に設定される。例えば、第１冷却ローラ２５は（Ｔｇ−４０）℃以下であり、第２冷却ローラ２６は（Ｔｇ−５０）℃以下である。冷却後のフィルム１５は、搬送ローラ２７，２８により、後工程装置１４に送られる。   As shown in FIG. 1, the stretched film 15 is conveyed to the cooling unit 13 and cooled. Each cooling roller 25, 26 is individually supplied with a temperature control medium from the temperature control medium circulation unit, and each roller 25, 26 is set to a desired surface temperature. For example, the first cooling roller 25 is (Tg−40) ° C. or lower, and the second cooling roller 26 is (Tg−50) ° C. or lower. The cooled film 15 is sent to the post-process device 14 by the transport rollers 27 and 28.

各ローラ１６ａ，１７，１８，２１ａ，２２ａ，２５，２６には、図示は省略したが、モータが接続されており、所望の回転速度で回転が可能になっている。縦延伸部１２では、低速ローラ２１ａと高速ローラ２２ａの周速差によって、フィルム１５は搬送方向に引き延ばされて縦延伸される。低速ローラ２１ａと高速ローラ２２ａの周速差は延伸倍率によって適宜変更されるが、例えば２ｍ／ｍｉｎ以上１００ｍ／ｍｉｎ以下の範囲で設定することが好ましい。   Although not shown in the drawings, each of the rollers 16a, 17, 18, 21a, 22a, 25, and 26 is connected to a motor, and can rotate at a desired rotation speed. In the longitudinal stretching section 12, the film 15 is stretched in the transport direction and longitudinally stretched by the difference in peripheral speed between the low speed roller 21a and the high speed roller 22a. The peripheral speed difference between the low-speed roller 21a and the high-speed roller 22a is appropriately changed depending on the draw ratio, but is preferably set in the range of 2 m / min to 100 m / min, for example.

縦延伸を行う際には、縦延伸倍率は、１．０より大きく３．０以下の範囲であることが好ましい。縦延伸倍率が１．０より大きく３．０以下の範囲である場合に、好適に厚みムラの発生を抑制でき、発現するレターデーションの分布ムラも抑制される。   When performing longitudinal stretching, the longitudinal stretching ratio is preferably in the range of 1.0 to 3.0. When the longitudinal draw ratio is in the range of more than 1.0 and 3.0 or less, it is possible to suitably suppress the occurrence of uneven thickness, and to suppress the uneven distribution of the retardation that appears.

また、低速ローラ２１ａと高速ローラ２２ａの間のフィルム１５の長さＬｓを、延伸前のフィルム１５の幅Ｗ１で除した縦延伸アスペクト比（Ｌｓ／Ｗ１）が０．０１以上３．０以下であることが好ましい。この縦延伸アスペクト比が小さいほど、幅が縮むネックインが小さくなり、フィルム幅方向の膜厚分布において、中央部の均一膜厚部の割合が大きくなる。これにより、後に説明するスリッタ６１で切除されるフィルム両側縁部の幅を小さくすることができ、その分だけ製品となる中央部を増やすことができ、製品ロスを抑えることができる。縦延伸アスペクト比を小さくするには、低速ローラ２１ａと高速ローラ２２ａとにフィルム１５をクロス掛けすることが好ましい。このクロス掛けによって、縦延伸スパンであるＬｓが小さくなり、結果として縦延伸アスペクト比（Ｌｓ／Ｗ１）を小さくすることができる。   Further, the longitudinal stretch aspect ratio (Ls / W1) obtained by dividing the length Ls of the film 15 between the low speed roller 21a and the high speed roller 22a by the width W1 of the film 15 before stretching is 0.01 or more and 3.0 or less. Preferably there is. The smaller the longitudinal stretch aspect ratio, the smaller the neck-in that the width shrinks, and the greater the ratio of the uniform film thickness portion at the center in the film thickness distribution in the film width direction. Thereby, the width | variety of the film both sides edge cut by the slitter 61 demonstrated later can be made small, the center part used as a product can be increased by that much, and a product loss can be suppressed. In order to reduce the longitudinal stretching aspect ratio, it is preferable to cross the film 15 between the low speed roller 21a and the high speed roller 22a. By this crossing, Ls, which is the longitudinal stretching span, is decreased, and as a result, the longitudinal stretching aspect ratio (Ls / W1) can be decreased.

予熱部１１で、フィルム１５を（Ｔｅ−４０）℃以上に予熱することにより、縦延伸部１２の低速ローラ２１ａでのフィルム１５への加熱時の温度上昇量が大きくなり過ぎることがなく、低速ローラ２１ａ上で波板状のシワの発生が抑えられる。また、予熱部１１で、フィルム１５を（Ｔｇ−５）℃以下に予熱することにより、予熱部１１内でフィルム１５が延伸されることがなく、縦延伸部１２で均一に延伸することができる。   By preheating the film 15 to (Te-40) ° C. or higher in the preheating section 11, the amount of temperature rise during heating of the film 15 by the low speed roller 21 a of the longitudinal stretching section 12 does not become too large, and the speed is low. Generation of corrugated wrinkles on the roller 21a is suppressed. In addition, by preheating the film 15 to (Tg-5) ° C. or less in the preheating portion 11, the film 15 is not stretched in the preheating portion 11 and can be uniformly stretched in the longitudinal stretching portion 12. .

縦延伸部１２で縦延伸されたフィルム１５は、後工程装置１４の例えばフィルム巻取り機によって、フィルムロールに巻き取られる。   The film 15 stretched in the longitudinal stretching section 12 is wound on a film roll by, for example, a film winder of the post-process device 14.

次に、図２に示す近赤外線ラインヒータ２３を用いたフィルム１５の加熱に代えて、図３に示すように、送風ノズル５０を用いてフィルム１５に加熱風を送り、フィルム１５の温度を制御してもよい。送風ノズル５０は、フィルムの搬送方向に直交する幅方向に配される。この場合には、温度センサ５１ａにより高速ローラ２２ａに接触する直前のフィルム１５の温度情報を得て、この温度情報に基づき温調器５１により送風機５２からの空気を温度調節する。   Next, instead of heating the film 15 using the near-infrared line heater 23 shown in FIG. 2, as shown in FIG. 3, heating air is sent to the film 15 using the blow nozzle 50 to control the temperature of the film 15. May be. The blower nozzle 50 is arranged in the width direction orthogonal to the film transport direction. In this case, temperature information of the film 15 immediately before contacting the high speed roller 22a is obtained by the temperature sensor 51a, and the temperature of the air from the blower 52 is adjusted by the temperature controller 51 based on this temperature information.

また、図４に示すように、内部に温調媒体を循環させた温調ローラ５３，５４をフィルム１５に接触させて設けることにより、フィルム１５の温度を制御してもよい。温調ローラ５３，５４は、フィルムの搬送方向に直交する幅方向に配され、一方がフィルム１５の上面に他方がフィルム１５の下面に接触する。この場合にも、温度センサ５５ａにより高速ローラ２２ａに接触直前のフィルム１５の温度情報を得て、この温度情報に基づき温調器５５により温調ローラ５３，５４の温度を制御し、接触直前のフィルム１５の温度ｔが高速ローラ２２ａの表面温度Ｔになるように温度を調節する。なお、温調媒体の循環に代えて、ヒータを内蔵した温調ローラを用いてもよい。   In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the temperature of the film 15 may be controlled by providing temperature control rollers 53 and 54 in which a temperature control medium is circulated in contact with the film 15. The temperature control rollers 53 and 54 are arranged in the width direction orthogonal to the film conveyance direction, and one is in contact with the upper surface of the film 15 and the other is in contact with the lower surface of the film 15. Also in this case, the temperature information of the film 15 immediately before contact with the high speed roller 22a is obtained by the temperature sensor 55a, and the temperature of the temperature control rollers 53 and 54 is controlled by the temperature controller 55 based on this temperature information. The temperature is adjusted so that the temperature t of the film 15 becomes the surface temperature T of the high speed roller 22a. Instead of circulating the temperature control medium, a temperature control roller incorporating a heater may be used.

さらには、図５に示すように、加熱チャンバ５６，５７、送風機５８、温調器５９を用いて、低速ローラ対２１及び高速ローラ対２２の間のフィルム１５の温度を制御してもよい。上側の加熱チャンバ５６は、ラビリンスシール５６ａを下端に有し、各ローラ対２１，２２間のフィルム１５の上側を覆う。ラビリンスシール５６ａは、低速ローラ２１ａの上端及びニップローラ２２ｂの上端に接近して配され、加熱チャンバ５６からの空気流出を抑える。同様にして、下側の加熱チャンバ５７も、ラビリンスシール５７ａを上端に有し、各ローラ対２１，２２間のフィルム１５の下側を覆う。各加熱チャンバ５６，５７には、送風機５８及び温調器５９が接続されている。送風機５８は加熱チャンバ５６，５７内に空気を送る。温調器５９は送風機５８からの空気の温度を調節し、フィルム１５の温度を高速ローラ２２ａの表面温度Ｔと同じにする。このため、高速ローラ２２ａに近接して温度センサ５９ａが配されている。温度センサ５９ａからの温度情報は温調器５９に入力され、この温度情報に基づき送風機５８からの空気温度が調節される。 Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 5, the temperature of the film 15 between the low-speed roller pair 21 and the high-speed roller pair 22 may be controlled using heating chambers 56 and 57, a blower 58, and a temperature controller 59. The upper heating chamber 56 has a labyrinth seal 56 a at the lower end and covers the upper side of the film 15 between the roller pairs 21 and 22 . The labyrinth seal 56a is disposed close to the upper end of the low speed roller 21a and the upper end of the nip roller 22b, and suppresses the outflow of air from the heating chamber 56. Similarly, the lower heating chamber 57 has a labyrinth seal 57 a at the upper end, and covers the lower side of the film 15 between the roller pairs 21 and 22 . A fan 58 and a temperature controller 59 are connected to the heating chambers 56 and 57. The blower 58 sends air into the heating chambers 56 and 57. The temperature controller 59 adjusts the temperature of the air from the blower 58 to make the temperature of the film 15 the same as the surface temperature T of the high speed roller 22a. For this reason, a temperature sensor 59a is disposed in the vicinity of the high speed roller 22a. The temperature information from the temperature sensor 59a is input to the temperature controller 59, and the air temperature from the blower 58 is adjusted based on this temperature information.

上記各実施形態では、近赤外線ラインヒータ２３、送風ノズル５０、温調ローラ５３，５４、加熱チャンバ５６，５７を用いて温度調整部を構成し、高速ローラ２２ａに接触直前のフィルム１５の温度ｔが高速ローラ２２ａの表面温度Ｔになるように温度調節しているが、これに限らず、例えば、高速ローラ２２ａに接触する直前のフィルム１５の温度ｔは、Ｔ−１０℃≦ｔ≦Ｔ＋１０℃の範囲内に温度制御してもよい。また、近赤外線ラインヒータ２３、送風ノズル５０、温調ローラ５３，５４、加熱チャンバ５６，５７を個別に用いて、フィルム１５の温度を制御したが、これら各構成を適宜組み合わせてもよい。   In each of the above embodiments, the temperature adjustment unit is configured by using the near-infrared line heater 23, the blower nozzle 50, the temperature control rollers 53 and 54, and the heating chambers 56 and 57, and the temperature t of the film 15 just before contacting the high-speed roller 22a. However, the temperature t of the film 15 immediately before coming into contact with the high-speed roller 22a is, for example, T−10 ° C. ≦ t ≦ T + 10 ° C. The temperature may be controlled within the range. Moreover, although the near-infrared line heater 23, the ventilation nozzle 50, the temperature control rollers 53 and 54, and the heating chambers 56 and 57 were used separately, the temperature of the film 15 was controlled, You may combine these each structure suitably.

上記各実施形態では、高速ローラ２２ａの表面温度Ｔを固定し、低速ローラ対２２と高速ローラ対２３との間のフィルム１５の温度ｔを変化させて、縦延伸しているが、これに代えて、または加えて、高速ローラ２２ａの表面温度Ｔを変化させて両者の温度差が少なくなるように制御してもよい。この場合には、高速ローラ２２ａの表面温度Ｔを変化させるために、例えば、温調媒体を高速ローラ２２ａに循環させ、且つ温調媒体の温度を温調器によって制御する。   In each of the above embodiments, the surface temperature T of the high-speed roller 22a is fixed, and the film 15 between the low-speed roller pair 22 and the high-speed roller pair 23 is changed to be longitudinally stretched. Alternatively or additionally, the surface temperature T of the high-speed roller 22a may be changed so as to reduce the temperature difference between the two. In this case, in order to change the surface temperature T of the high speed roller 22a, for example, the temperature adjustment medium is circulated through the high speed roller 22a, and the temperature of the temperature adjustment medium is controlled by the temperature controller.

上記実施形態では、予熱ローラ１６ａ，１７，１８を用いて直接接触によるフィルム１５の予熱を行っている。しかし、フィルム１５が薄くなるにしたがって、予熱ローラ１６ａ，１７，１８上でフィルム１５が熱膨張して波板状になることがある。この波板状の膨張は、フィルム１５にシワや擦り傷を発生させる虞れがある。そこで、フィルム１５への直接接触による熱伝導に代えて、図示は省略したが、予熱室を設けて、この予熱室内に、送気ノズル及び排気ノズルを配置し、フィルム１５を加熱してもよい。この場合には、予熱ローラ１６ａ，１７，１８を用いることがないため、フィルム１５の波板状の膨張が抑えられる。   In the above embodiment, the preheating rollers 16a, 17, and 18 are used to preheat the film 15 by direct contact. However, as the film 15 becomes thinner, the film 15 may thermally expand on the preheating rollers 16 a, 17, and 18 to be corrugated. This corrugated expansion may cause wrinkles and scratches on the film 15. Therefore, although not shown in the drawing instead of heat conduction by direct contact with the film 15, a preheating chamber may be provided, and an air supply nozzle and an exhaust nozzle may be disposed in the preheating chamber to heat the film 15. . In this case, since the preheating rollers 16a, 17, and 18 are not used, the corrugated expansion of the film 15 is suppressed.

上記各実施形態では、上流側低速ローラ対２１と下流側高速ローラ対２２とによる１段の縦延伸として説明したが、必要に応じて、低速ローラ対２１及び高速ローラ対２２を複数段設けた多段方式の縦延伸に本発明を実施してもよい。また、低速ローラ２１ａと高速ローラ２２ａとにフィルム１５をクロス掛けしたが、平行掛けとしてもよい。また、ニップローラによるニップ位置も適宜変更してよい。   In each of the above-described embodiments, description has been made as one-stage longitudinal stretching by the upstream low-speed roller pair 21 and the downstream high-speed roller pair 22, but a plurality of low-speed roller pairs 21 and high-speed roller pairs 22 are provided as necessary. You may implement this invention to the longitudinal stretch of a multistage system. In addition, the film 15 is crossed between the low speed roller 21a and the high speed roller 22a, but it may be parallel. Further, the nip position by the nip roller may be changed as appropriate.

予熱室は複数用いてもよいし、１個の予熱室を隔壁によりフィルム搬送方向に複数個に区画した予熱域を有する予熱部としてよい。また、予熱室におけるフィルムの支持方法は、フリーローラの他に、空気の吹き出しによりフィルムを浮上させるターンバーを用いてもよい。   A plurality of preheating chambers may be used, or one preheating chamber may be a preheating section having a preheating region in which a plurality of preheating chambers are partitioned in the film transport direction by partition walls. Further, as a method for supporting the film in the preheating chamber, a turn bar that floats the film by blowing air may be used in addition to the free roller.

なお、図６に示すように、縦延伸部１２と冷却部１３との間に、スリッタ６１を設けてもよい。スリッタ６１は、１対のロール刃６１ａ，６１ｂを有し、フィルム１５を搬送方向に切断する。これにより、フィルム１５は幅方向で中央部と両側縁部とに切り離される。この両側縁部は、例えばロータリカッタ６２に送られた後に、フィルム１５の原料などとしてリサイクルされる。スリッタ６１により、縦延伸によるネックインの影響で肉厚となったフィルム両側縁部が除かれるので、フィルム１５の冷却中に、フィルム１５が搬送方向で部分的に縮むことに起因する凹凸の発生が抑えられる。これにより、冷却ローラ２５，２６による冷却中にフィルム１５の擦り傷やシワの発生が抑えられる。   As shown in FIG. 6, a slitter 61 may be provided between the longitudinally extending portion 12 and the cooling portion 13. The slitter 61 has a pair of roll blades 61a and 61b and cuts the film 15 in the transport direction. Thereby, the film 15 is cut | disconnected by the center part and a both-sides edge part in the width direction. The both side edges are recycled as a raw material of the film 15 after being sent to the rotary cutter 62, for example. Since the slitter 61 removes both side edges of the film that have become thick due to the neck-in due to the longitudinal stretching, the unevenness caused by the film 15 partially shrinking in the transport direction during the cooling of the film 15 occurs. Is suppressed. This suppresses the generation of scratches and wrinkles on the film 15 during cooling by the cooling rollers 25 and 26.

フィルム１５として、セルロースアシレートフィルムを用い、予熱、縦延伸、冷却を行った。縦延伸部１２では、上流側低速ローラ対２１と下流側高速ローラ対２２とによる１段の縦延伸を行った。前工程装置９としてフィルム送出機を用い、フィルムロールからフィルム１５を引き出して予熱部１１に送出し、後工程装置１４として、フィルム巻取り機を用い、フィルム１５を巻き取ってフィルムロールとした。予熱温度を１２０℃、延伸温度を１５０℃、延伸倍率を１．５倍、延伸長さを３００ｍｍ、冷却温度を１００℃、フィルム搬送速度を２ｍ／ｍｉｎ、延伸前フィルム幅Ｗ１を６００ｍｍ、延伸前フィルム厚１００μｍ、延伸後フィルム幅５８０ｍｍとして実験を行った。   A cellulose acylate film was used as the film 15, and preheating, longitudinal stretching, and cooling were performed. In the longitudinal stretching section 12, one-stage longitudinal stretching was performed by the upstream low-speed roller pair 21 and the downstream high-speed roller pair 22. A film delivery machine was used as the pre-process device 9 and the film 15 was pulled out from the film roll and sent to the preheating unit 11. A film winder was used as the post-process equipment 14 to wind the film 15 into a film roll. Preheating temperature is 120 ° C., stretching temperature is 150 ° C., stretching ratio is 1.5 times, stretching length is 300 mm, cooling temperature is 100 ° C., film transport speed is 2 m / min, film width W1 before stretching is 600 mm, before stretching The experiment was conducted with a film thickness of 100 μm and a stretched film width of 580 mm.

低速ローラ２１ａの温度を１５０℃とし、高速ローラ２２ａの温度Ｔを１２０℃、１３０℃、１３５℃、１４０℃、１４５℃、１５０℃、１６０℃とし、高速ローラ２２ａに接触する直前のフィルム１５の温度ｔを１３５℃、１４０℃、１４５℃とし、実験を行った。実験結果を表１に示す。   The temperature of the low-speed roller 21a is 150 ° C., and the temperature T of the high-speed roller 22a is 120 ° C., 130 ° C., 135 ° C., 140 ° C., 145 ° C., 150 ° C., 160 ° C. Experiments were performed at temperatures t of 135 ° C, 140 ° C, and 145 ° C. The experimental results are shown in Table 1.

Figure 0005896970
Figure 0005896970

表１に示すように、高速ローラ２２ａの温度Ｔとフィルム１５の温度ｔとの差が「０」の実施例１〜３の場合には、巻き取り後のフィルムに、凹み、擦り傷、シワの発生は無かった。また、差が「１０℃」の実施例４，５の場合には、フィルムに僅かな凹みの発生があったが、実用レベルでは問題がない状態であり、フィルムに、擦り傷、シワの発生はなかった。これに対して、高速ローラ２２ａの温度Ｔとフィルム１５の温度ｔとの差が「２０℃」の場合には、巻き取り後のフィルムに、凹み、擦り傷、シワが共に発生した。なお、凹みは、非接触２次元変位計によりフィルム表面の変位をフィルム走行方向で検出し、得られる最大値（ｍａｘ）−最小値（ｍｉｎ）が０．５ｍｍを超える場合にＮＧ（不良）と評価した。最大値はフィルム全体でみた時の最も高いところの値であり、最小値は最も低いところの値である。擦り傷は、マイクロスコープ観察により、幅が１μｍ以上、深さが０．０１μｍｍ以上の場合に、ＮＧと評価した。シワは目視観察により視認可能であればＮＧと評価した。   As shown in Table 1, in the case of Examples 1 to 3 where the difference between the temperature T of the high-speed roller 22a and the temperature t of the film 15 is “0”, the film after winding has dents, scratches and wrinkles. There was no outbreak. Further, in Examples 4 and 5 where the difference was “10 ° C.”, there was a slight dent in the film, but there was no problem at the practical level, and the film was not scratched or wrinkled. There wasn't. On the other hand, when the difference between the temperature T of the high-speed roller 22a and the temperature t of the film 15 is “20 ° C.”, the film after winding has both dents, scratches and wrinkles. The dent is determined to be NG (defective) when the maximum value (max) −minimum value (min) obtained exceeds 0.5 mm when the displacement of the film surface is detected in the film running direction by a non-contact two-dimensional displacement meter. evaluated. The maximum value is the highest value in the whole film, and the minimum value is the lowest value. The scratch was evaluated as NG when the width was 1 μm or more and the depth was 0.01 μmm or more by microscopic observation. A wrinkle was evaluated as NG if visible by visual observation.

１０ 延伸フィルムの製造設備
１１ 予熱部
１２ 縦延伸部
１３ 冷却部
１５ フィルム
１６ａ，１７，１８ 予熱ローラ
２１ａ 低速ローラ
２２ａ 高速ローラ
２２ 近赤外線ラインヒータ
２４ａ，５１ａ，５５ａ，５９ａ 温度センサ
５０ 送風ノズル
５２，５３ 温調ローラ
５６，５７ 加熱チャンバ DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Production apparatus of stretched film 11 Preheating part 12 Longitudinal stretching part 13 Cooling part 15 Films 16a, 17, 18 Preheating roller 21a Low speed roller 22a High speed roller 22 Near-infrared line heater 24a, 51a, 55a, 59a Temperature sensor 50 Blowing nozzle 52, 53 Temperature control rollers 56, 57 Heating chamber

Claims (17)

帯状の熱可塑性樹脂からなるフィルムを搬送し、前記フィルムの搬送方向の上流側に配される低速ローラ及び下流側に配される高速ローラの周速差により、前記フィルムを縦延伸して延伸フィルムを製造する方法において、
前記高速ローラの表面温度をＴとし、前記高速ローラに接触する直前の前記フィルムの温度をｔとした時に、両者の温度差｜Ｔ−ｔ｜を１０℃以下に制御する延伸フィルムの製造方法。 A film made of a belt-shaped thermoplastic resin is conveyed, and the film is stretched in the longitudinal direction by a difference in peripheral speed between a low-speed roller arranged on the upstream side in the conveyance direction of the film and a high-speed roller arranged on the downstream side. In the method of manufacturing
A method for producing a stretched film, wherein the temperature difference | T−t | of the high speed roller is controlled to 10 ° C. or less, where T is the surface temperature of the high speed roller and t is the temperature of the film immediately before contacting the high speed roller. 前記高速ローラに接触する直前のフィルム温度ｔが前記高速ローラの表面温度Ｔになるように、前記低速ローラ及び前記高速ローラ間のフィルムの温度を制御する請求項１記載の延伸フィルムの製造方法。 The method for producing a stretched film according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the film between the low-speed roller and the high-speed roller is controlled so that the film temperature t immediately before contacting the high-speed roller becomes the surface temperature T of the high-speed roller. 前記低速ローラ及び前記高速ローラ間のフィルムの温度の制御は、前記フィルムの搬送方向に直交する幅方向に配される近赤外線ラインヒータを用いて前記フィルムを加熱する請求項１または２記載の延伸フィルムの製造方法。   3. The stretching according to claim 1, wherein the film temperature between the low-speed roller and the high-speed roller is controlled by heating the film using a near-infrared line heater disposed in a width direction orthogonal to a conveyance direction of the film. A method for producing a film. 前記低速ローラ及び前記高速ローラ間のフィルムの温度の制御は、前記フィルムの搬送方向に直交する幅方向に配される送風ノズルからの加熱風により前記フィルムを加熱する請求項１または２記載の延伸フィルムの製造方法。   3. The stretching according to claim 1, wherein the film temperature between the low-speed roller and the high-speed roller is controlled by heating the film with a heating air from a blower nozzle arranged in a width direction orthogonal to a conveyance direction of the film. A method for producing a film. 前記低速ローラ及び前記高速ローラ間のフィルムの温度の制御は、前記フィルムの搬送方向に直交する幅方向に配される温調ローラとの接触により前記フィルムを加熱する請求項１または２記載の延伸フィルムの製造方法。   3. The stretching according to claim 1, wherein the film temperature between the low-speed roller and the high-speed roller is controlled by heating the film by contact with a temperature control roller arranged in a width direction orthogonal to the transport direction of the film. A method for producing a film. 前記低速ローラ及び前記高速ローラ間のフィルムの温度の制御は、前記低速ローラ及び前記高速ローラ間のフィルムを覆う加熱チャンバにより前記フィルムを加熱する請求項１または２記載の延伸フィルムの製造方法。   The method for producing a stretched film according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the temperature of the film between the low speed roller and the high speed roller is controlled by heating the film by a heating chamber covering the film between the low speed roller and the high speed roller. 前記フィルムのガラス転移温度をＴｇとした際に、前記低速ローラにより、前記フィルムを（Ｔｇ−２０）℃以上（Ｔｇ＋２０）℃以下の延伸温度Ｔｅに加熱し、前記高速ローラにより、前記フィルムを（Ｔｇ−１００）℃以上（Ｔｇ−５）℃以下に冷却し、且つ前記高速ローラによる前記フィルムの冷却温度は前記低速ローラによる前記フィルムの加熱温度以下である請求項１から６いずれか１項記載の延伸フィルムの製造方法。 When the glass transition temperature of the film is Tg, the film is heated to a stretching temperature Te of (Tg−20) ° C. or more and (Tg + 20) ° C. or less by the low speed roller, and the film is ( The cooling temperature of the film by Tg-100) ° C. or more and (Tg-5) ° C. or less , and the cooling temperature of the film by the high speed roller is not more than the heating temperature of the film by the low speed roller. A method for producing a stretched film. 前記フィルムの縦延伸の前に前記フィルムを（Ｔｇ−４０）℃以上（Ｔｇ−５）℃以下に予熱し、
前記フィルムの縦延伸の後に前記フィルムに接触する冷却ローラにより前記フィルムを冷却する請求項１から７いずれか１項記載の延伸フィルムの製造方法。 Prior to the longitudinal stretching of the film, the film is preheated to (Tg-40) ° C. or higher and (Tg-5) ° C. or lower,
The manufacturing method of the stretched film of any one of Claim 1 to 7 which cools the said film with the cooling roller which contacts the said film after the longitudinal stretch of the said film. 前記低速ローラと前記高速ローラとの間のフィルム搬送方向長さを延伸前のフィルム幅で除した縦延伸アスペクト比が０．０１以上３．０以下である請求項１から８いずれか１項記載の延伸フィルムの製造方法。   The longitudinal stretching aspect ratio obtained by dividing the length in the film conveyance direction between the low-speed roller and the high-speed roller by the film width before stretching is 0.01 or more and 3.0 or less. A method for producing a stretched film. 帯状の熱可塑性樹脂からなるフィルムを搬送し、前記フィルムの搬送方向の上流側に配される低速ローラ及び下流側に配される高速ローラの周速差により、前記フィルムを縦延伸して延伸フィルムを製造する延伸フィルムの製造設備において、
前記高速ローラの表面温度をＴとし、前記高速ローラに接触する直前の前記フィルムの温度をｔとした時に、両者の温度差｜Ｔ−ｔ｜を１０℃以下に制御する温度制御部を備える延伸フィルムの製造設備。 A film made of a belt-shaped thermoplastic resin is conveyed, and the film is stretched in the longitudinal direction by a difference in peripheral speed between a low-speed roller arranged on the upstream side in the conveyance direction of the film and a high-speed roller arranged on the downstream side. In the production equipment for stretched film,
Stretching provided with a temperature control unit that controls the temperature difference | T−t | between the high-speed roller and the temperature of the film immediately before contacting the high-speed roller as T, and the temperature difference | T−t | Film production equipment. 前記温度制御部は、前記フィルムの搬送方向に直交する幅方向に配される近赤外線ラインヒータを用いて前記フィルムを加熱する請求項１０記載の延伸フィルムの製造設備。   The said temperature control part is a manufacturing apparatus of the stretched film of Claim 10 which heats the said film using the near-infrared line heater arrange | positioned in the width direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction of the said film. 前記温度制御部は、前記フィルムの搬送方向に直交する幅方向に配される送風ノズルからの加熱風により前記フィルムを加熱する請求項１０記載の延伸フィルムの製造設備。   The said temperature control part is a manufacturing apparatus of the stretched film of Claim 10 which heats the said film with the heating air from the ventilation nozzle distribute | arranged to the width direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction of the said film. 前記温度制御部は、前記フィルムの搬送方向に直交する幅方向に配される温調ローラとの接触により前記フィルムを加熱する請求項１０記載の延伸フィルムの製造設備。   The said temperature control part is a manufacturing apparatus of the stretched film of Claim 10 which heats the said film by contact with the temperature control roller distribute | arranged to the width direction orthogonal to the conveyance direction of the said film. 前記温度制御部は、前記低速ローラ及び前記高速ローラ間のフィルムを覆う加熱チャンバにより前記フィルムを加熱する請求項１０記載の延伸フィルムの製造設備。   The said temperature control part is a manufacturing apparatus of the stretched film of Claim 10 which heats the said film with the heating chamber which covers the film between the said low speed roller and the said high speed roller. 前記フィルムのガラス転移温度をＴｇとした際に、前記低速ローラにより、前記フィルムを（Ｔｇ−２０）℃以上（Ｔｇ＋２０）℃以下の延伸温度Ｔｅに加熱し、前記高速ローラにより、前記フィルムを（Ｔｇ−１００）℃以上（Ｔｇ−５）℃以下に冷却し、且つ前記高速ローラによる前記フィルムの冷却温度は前記低速ローラによる前記フィルムの加熱温度以下である請求項１０から１４いずれか１項記載の延伸フィルムの製造設備。 When the glass transition temperature of the film is Tg, the film is heated to a stretching temperature Te of (Tg−20) ° C. or more and (Tg + 20) ° C. or less by the low speed roller, and the film is ( The cooling temperature of the film by Tg-100) ° C or more and (Tg-5) ° C or less , and the cooling temperature of the film by the high speed roller is below the heating temperature of the film by the low speed roller. Equipment for producing stretched film. 前記フィルムを前記搬送方向に延伸する前に前記フィルムを（Ｔｇ−４０）℃以上（Ｔｇ−５）℃以下に予熱する予熱部と、
前記縦延伸されたフィルムに接触する冷却ローラにより前記フィルムを冷却する冷却部とを含む請求項１０から１５いずれか１項記載の延伸フィルムの製造設備。 A preheating section for preheating the film to (Tg-40) ° C. or higher and (Tg-5) ° C. or lower before stretching the film in the transport direction;
The manufacturing apparatus of the stretched film of any one of Claim 10 to 15 including the cooling part which cools the said film with the cooling roller which contacts the said film stretched | stretched longitudinally. 前記低速ローラと前記高速ローラとの間のフィルム搬送方向長さを延伸前のフィルム幅で除した縦延伸アスペクト比が０．０１以上３．０以下である請求項１０から１６いずれか１項記載の延伸フィルムの製造設備。   The longitudinal stretch aspect ratio obtained by dividing the length in the film conveyance direction between the low-speed roller and the high-speed roller by the film width before stretching is 0.01 or more and 3.0 or less. Equipment for producing stretched film.
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