JP5863322B2 - 有害生物防除剤及びそれを用いた有害生物防除方法 - Google Patents
有害生物防除剤及びそれを用いた有害生物防除方法 Download PDFInfo
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Description
(実施例1)
10%ショ糖水溶液にソルビン酸カリウムを溶解させて、ソルビン酸カリウム溶液(ソルビン酸カリウム濃度:1%)を調製した。調製したソルビン酸カリウム溶液を染み込ませた綿を、直径9cmの濾紙(アドバンテック社製、No.2)を敷いたシャーレの中央に、アルミフォイルを介して載置した。次いで、シャーレ中に供試虫(イエヒメアリ)30匹を投入して食餌試験を行った。供試虫を投入してから1、2、3、6、及び24時間後に供試虫の状態を観察し、「健全」、「転倒」、及び「致死」に分けて評価した。評価結果を表1に示す。
ソルビン酸カリウムの濃度を2%及び5%としたこと以外は、前述の実施例1と同様にしてソルビン酸カリウム溶液を調製した。その後、前述の実施例1と同様にして食餌試験を行った。評価結果を表1に示す。
ソルビン酸カリウムに代えてデヒドロ酢酸ナトリウムを用いたこと以外は、前述の実施例1と同様にしてデヒドロ酢酸ナトリウムの濃度が1%、2%、及び5%のデヒドロ酢酸ナトリウム溶液を調製した。その後、前述の実施例1と同様にして食餌試験を行った。評価結果を表1に示す。
10%ショ糖水溶液のみを染み込ませた綿を使用したこと以外は、前述の実施例1と同様にして食餌試験を行った。評価結果を表1に示す。また、実施例1〜3及び比較例1について、経過時間(時間)に対して致死虫数をプロットしたグラフを図1に示す。さらに、実施例4〜6及び比較例1について、経過時間(時間)に対して致死虫数をプロットしたグラフを図2に示す。
(参考例7)
ソルビン酸カリウムを水に溶解させ、5%ソルビン酸カリウム水溶液を調製した。調製したソルビン酸カリウム水溶液1mLを直径9cmの濾紙に均一に塗布し、十分乾燥させた(濾紙1枚当たりのAI(有効成分)量:50mg)。この濾紙をシャーレに敷き、さらに濾紙の中央にアルミフォイルを介して水を染み込ませた綿を載置した。次いで、シャーレ中に供試虫(イエヒメアリ)30匹を投入して接触試験を行った。供試虫を投入してから1、2、3、6、及び24時間後に供試虫の状態を観察し、「健全」、「転倒」、及び「致死」に分けて評価した。評価結果を表2に示す。
ソルビン酸カリウムに代えてデヒドロ酢酸ナトリウムを用いたこと以外は、前述の参考例7と同様にして5%デヒドロ酢酸ナトリウム水溶液を調製し、接触試験を行った。評価結果を表2に示す。
5%ソルビン酸カリウム水溶液を濾紙に塗布しなかったこと以外は、前述の参考例7と同様にして接触試験を行った。評価結果を表2に示す。
(参考例9)
ソルビン酸カリウムを水に溶解させ、5%ソルビン酸カリウム水溶液を調製した。調製したソルビン酸カリウム水溶液1mLを、直径9cmの濾紙を二分割した切片に均一に塗布し、十分乾燥させた(切片1枚当たりのAI(有効成分)量:50mg)。この切片と無処理の切片をシャーレに敷き、さらに中央にアルミフォイルを介して水を染み込ませた綿を載置した。次いで、シャーレ中に供試虫(イエヒメアリ)30匹を投入して忌避試験を行った。供試虫を投入してから24時間後に、供試虫がいずれの切片上にいるのかカウントした。結果を表3に示す。
ソルビン酸カリウムに代えてデヒドロ酢酸ナトリウムを用いたこと以外は、前述の参考例9と同様にして5%デヒドロ酢酸ナトリウム水溶液を調製し、忌避試験を行った。結果を表3に示す。
5%ソルビン酸カリウム水溶液を切片に塗布しなかったこと以外は、前述の参考例9と同様にして忌避試験を行った。結果を表3に示す。
(参考例11)
ソルビン酸カリウムを水に溶解させ、5%ソルビン酸カリウム水溶液を調製した。調製したソルビン酸カリウム水溶液を5匹の供試虫(イエヒメアリ)に噴霧して死亡させた。
直径9cmの濾紙をシャーレに敷き、このシャーレ中に、供試虫(イエヒメアリ)30匹と、死亡させた5匹の供試虫(イエヒメアリ)を投入して二次効果試験を行った。供試虫を投入してから24及び48時間後に30匹の供試虫の状態を観察し、「健全」、「転倒」、及び「致死」に分けて評価した。評価結果を表4に示す。
ソルビン酸カリウムに代えてデヒドロ酢酸ナトリウムを用いたこと以外は、前述の参考例11と同様にして5%デヒドロ酢酸ナトリウム水溶液を調製し、二次効果試験を行った。評価結果を表4に示す。
(実施例13)
直径9cmの濾紙(アドバンテック社製、No.2)に、0.1%デヒドロ酢酸ナトリウム水溶液1mLを滴下した。この濾紙を直径9cmのガラス製のシャーレに敷き詰めた。このシャーレ中にイエシロアリの職蟻50匹と兵蟻5匹を入れて食餌試験を行った。イエシロアリを投入してから1、3、5、8、24、及び48時間後に職蟻の状態を観察し、「健全」、「麻痺」、「痙攣」、及び「致死」に分けて評価した。評価結果を表5に示す。また、下記式に従って「反応率(%)」及び「致死率(%)」を算出した。算出した結果を表6に示す。
反応率(%)
={(健全×0+痙攣×0.3+麻痺×0.7+致死×1.0)/50}×100
致死率(%)=(死亡/50)×100
0.3%、0.5%、及び1%のデヒドロ酢酸ナトリウム水溶液を用いたこと以外は、前述の実施例13と同様にして食餌試験を行った。評価結果を表5に示す。また、算出した「反応率(%)」及び「致死率(%)」を表6に示す。
デヒドロ酢酸ナトリウムを含有しない水を滴下したこと以外は、前述の実施例13と同様にして食餌試験を行った。評価結果を表5に示す。また、算出した「反応率(%)」及び「致死率(%)」を表6に示す。
(実施例17)
動物実験用粉体飼料(商品名「実験動物用試料MF」、オリエンタル酵母工業社製)に0.5%の濃度となるようにデヒドロ酢酸ナトリウム水溶液を加え、よくかき混ぜて供試飼料を得た。得られた供試飼料3gを直径9cmのガラス製のシャーレに入れた。このシャーレ中に、予め培養したコナヒョウヒダニを餌ごと0.5g(コナヒョウヒダニ約2500匹相当)投入し、全体に広めて食餌試験を行った。3日後、シャーレの内容物0.5gを取り出し、光学顕微鏡(×30)にて観察して健全な個体数を計測するとともに、致死率(%)を算出した。結果を表7に示す。
1%、3%、5%、及び10%の濃度となるようにデヒドロ酢酸ナトリウム水溶液を加えて得た供試飼料を用いたこと以外は、前述の実施例17と同様にして食餌試験を行った。結果を表7に示す。
デヒドロ酢酸ナトリウム水溶液を加えない供試飼料を用いたこと以外は、前述の実施例17と同様にして食餌試験を行った。結果を表7に示す。
(実施例22)
0.1%の濃度でデヒドロ酢酸ナトリウムを含有する粒状の供試薬剤0.1gを250mLのタッパーに入れた。このタッパー内に、トビイロシワアリ20匹を入れて食餌試験を行った。投入してから1、2、3、4、6、8、及び24時間後にトビイロシワアリの状態を観察し、「健全」、「転倒」、及び「致死」に分けて評価した。評価結果を表8に示す。
0.3%、0.5%、及び1%の濃度でデヒドロ酢酸ナトリウムを含有する供試薬剤を用いたこと以外は、前述の実施例22と同様にして食餌試験を行った。評価結果を表8に示す。
デヒドロ酢酸ナトリウムを含有しない供試薬剤を用いたこと以外は、前述の実施例22と同様にして食餌試験を行った。評価結果を表8に示す。
Claims (4)
- ソルビン酸カリウムとデヒドロ酢酸ナトリウムの少なくともいずれかの化合物を有害生物に対する有効成分として含有し、
前記有害生物が、アリ、シロアリ、ダニ、又はダンゴムシであり、
食毒としての作用により前記有害生物を殺虫して防除するために用いられる有害生物防除剤。 - 前記化合物が、ソルビン酸カリウムである請求項1に記載の有害生物防除剤。
- 前記有害生物の摂食物質である基材に前記化合物が含有されたベイト剤である請求項1又は2に記載の有害生物防除剤。
- 請求項1〜3のいずれか一項に記載の有害生物防除剤を、有害生物の生息域に施用することを含む有害生物防除方法。
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