JP5856993B2 - 不飽和フルオロカーボンを含む発泡体を形成するための発泡剤 - Google Patents
不飽和フルオロカーボンを含む発泡体を形成するための発泡剤 Download PDFInfo
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- JP5856993B2 JP5856993B2 JP2013064899A JP2013064899A JP5856993B2 JP 5856993 B2 JP5856993 B2 JP 5856993B2 JP 2013064899 A JP2013064899 A JP 2013064899A JP 2013064899 A JP2013064899 A JP 2013064899A JP 5856993 B2 JP5856993 B2 JP 5856993B2
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- KNXVOGGZOFOROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimagnesium;dioxido(oxo)silane;hydroxy-oxido-oxosilane Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].O[Si]([O-])=O.O[Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O KNXVOGGZOFOROK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- DHNUXDYAOVSGII-UHFFFAOYSA-N tris(1,3-dichloropropyl) phosphate Chemical compound ClCCC(Cl)OP(=O)(OC(Cl)CCCl)OC(Cl)CCCl DHNUXDYAOVSGII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/143—Halogen containing compounds
- C08J9/144—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/04—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
- C08J9/12—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
- C08J9/14—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
- C08J9/143—Halogen containing compounds
- C08J9/144—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only
- C08J9/146—Halogen containing compounds containing carbon, halogen and hydrogen only only fluorine as halogen atoms
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
- C08J9/22—After-treatment of expandable particles; Forming foamed products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08G—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
- C08G2101/00—Manufacture of cellular products
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
- C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
Landscapes
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Description
本願は、2005年11月1日に出願され、且つ本明細書に参照により援用される米国仮特許出願第60/732,771号明細書の優先権の特典を請求し、共に出願され且つ共同所有の特許出願、発明の名称「不飽和フルオロカーボンを含む発泡体を形成させるための発泡剤(Blowing Agents for Forming Comprising Unsaturated Fluorocarbons)」(代理人登録番号FL1184US NA)に更に関連し、共に出願され且つ共同所有の特許出願、発明の名称「不飽和フルオロカーボンを含む発泡剤を用いて発泡体を製造する方法(Methods for Making Foams Using Blowing Agents Comprising Unsaturated Fluorocarbons)」(代理人登録番号FL1319US NA)に更に関連する。これらの特許出願の両方も本明細書に参照により援用される。
(i)式E−R1CH=CHR2またはZ−R1CH=CHR2(式中、R1およびR2は独立してC1〜C6パーフルオロアルキル基である)を有するヒドロフルオロカーボン、および
(ii)CF3CF=CHF、CF3CH=CF2、CHF2CF=CF2、CHF2CH=CHF、CF3CF=CH2、CF3CH=CHF、CH2FCF=CF2、CHF2CH=CF2、CHF2CF=CHF、CHF2CF=CH2、CF3CH=CH2、CH3CF=CF2、CH2FCHCF2、CH2FCF=CHF、CHF2CH=CHF、CF3CF=CFCF3、CF3CF2CF=CF2、CF3CF=CHCF3、CF3CF2CF=CH2、CF3CH=CHCF3、CF3CF2CH=CH2、CF2=CHCF2CF3、CF2=CFCHFCF3、CF2=CFCF2CHF2、CHF2CH=CHCF3、(CF3)2C=CHCF3、CF3CF=CHCF2CF3、CF3CH=CFCF2CF3、(CF3)2CFCH=CH2、CF3CF2CF2CH=CH2、CF3(CF2)3CF=CF2、CF3CF2CF=CFCF2CF3、(CF3)2C=C(CF3)2、(CF3)2CFCF=CHCF3、CF2=CFCF2CH2F、CF2=CFCHFCHF2、CH2=C(CF3)2、CH2CF2CF=CF2、CH2FCF=CFCHF2、CH2FCF2CF=CF2、CF2=C(CF3)(CH3)、CH2=C(CHF2)(CF3)、CH2=CHCF2CHF2、CF2=C(CHF2)(
CH3)、CHF=C(CF3)(CH3)、CH2=C(CHF2)2、CF3CF=CFCH3、CH3CF=CHCF3、CF2=CFCF2CF2CF3、CHF=CFCF2CF2CF3、CF2=CHCF2CF2CF3、CF2=CFCF2CF2CHF2、CHF2CF=CFCF2CF3、CF3CF=CFCF2CHF2、CF3CF=CFCHFCF3、CHF=CFCF(CF3)2、CF2=CFCH(CF3)2、CF3CH=C(CF3)2、CF2=CHCF(CF3)2、CH2=CFCF2CF2CF3、CHF=CFCF2CF2CHF2、CH2=C(CF3)CF2CF3、CF2=CHCH(CF3)2、CHF=CHCF(CF3)2、CF2=C(CF3)CH2CF3、CH2=CFCF2CF2CHF2、CF2=CHCF2CH2CF3、CF3CF=C(CF3)(CH3)、CH2=CFCH(CF3)2、CHF=CHCH(CF3)2、CH2FCH=C(CF3)2、CH3CF=C(CF3)2、CH2=CHCF2CHFCF3、CH2C(CF3)CH2CF3、(CF3)2C=CHC2F5、(CF3)2CFCF=CHCF3、CH2=CHC(CF3)3、(CF3)2C=C(CH3)(CF3)、CH2=CFCF2CH(CF3)2、CF3CF=C(CH3)CF2CF3、CF3CH=CHCH(CF3)2、CH2=CHCF2CF2CF2CHF2、(CF3)2C=CHCF2CH3、CH2=C(CF3)CH2C2F5、CH2=CHCH2CF2C2F5、CH2=CHCH2CF2C2F5、CF3CF2CF=CFC2H5、CH2=CHCH2CF(CF3)2、CF3CF=CHCH(CF3)(CH3)、(CF3)2C=CFC2H5、シクロ−CF2CF2CF2CH=CH−、シクロ−CF2CF2CH=CH−、CF3CF2CF2C(CH3)=CH2、CF3CF2CF2CH=CHCH3、シクロ−CF2CF2CF=CF−、シクロ−CF2CF=CFCF2CF2−、シクロ−CF2CF=CFCF2CF2CF2、CF3CF2CF2CF2CH=CH2、CF3CH=CHCF2CF3、CF3CF2CH=CHCF2CF3、CF3CH=CHCF2CF2CF3、CF3CF=CFC2F5、CF3CF=CFCF2CF2C2F5、CF3CF2CF=CFCF2C2F5、CF3CH=CFCF2CF2C2F5、CF3CF=CHCF2CF2C2F5、CF3CF2CH=CFCF2C2F5、CF3CF2CF=CHCF2C2F5、C2F5CF2CF=CHCH3、C2F5CF=CHCH3、(CF3)2C=CHCH3、CF3C(CH3)=CHCF3、CHF=CFC2F5、CHF2CF=CFCF3、(CF3)2C=CHF、CH2FCF=CFCF3、CHF=CHCF2CF3、CHF2CH=CFCF3、CHF=CFCHFCF3、CF3CH=CFCHF2、CHF=CFCF2CHF2、CHF2CF=CFCHF2、CH2CF=CFCF3、CH2FCH=CFCF3、CH2=CFCHFCF3、CH2=CFCF2CHF2、CF3CH=CFCH2F、CHF=CFCH2CF3、CHF=CHCHFCF3、CHF=CHCF2CHF2、CHF2CF=CHCHF2、CHF=CFCHFCHF2、CF3CF=CHCH3、CF2=CHCF2Br、CHF=CBrCHF2、CHBr=CHCF3、CF3CBr=CFCF3、CH2=CBrCF2CF3、CHBr=CHCF2CF3、CH2=CHCF2CF2Br、CH2=CHCBrFCF3、CH3CBr=CHCF3、CF3CBr=CHCH3、(CF3)2C=CHBr、CF3CF=CBrCF2CF3、E−CHF2CBr=CFC2F5、Z−CHF2CBr=CFC2F5、CF2=CBrCHFC2F5、(CF3)2CFCBr=CH2、CHBr=CF(CF2)2CHF2、CH2=CBrCF2C2F5、CF2=C(CH2Br)CF3、CH2=C(CBrF2)CF3、(CF3)2CHCH=CHBr、(CF3)2C=CHCH2Br、CH2=CHCF(CF3)CBrF2、CF2=CHCF2CH2CBrF2、CFBr=CHCF3、CFBr=CFCF3、CF3CF2CF2CBr=CH2およびCF3(CF2)3CBr=CH2からなる群から選択されたフルオロカーボンまたはヒドロフルオロカーボン。
(a)上述した発泡剤を発泡性組成物に添加する工程と、
(b)発泡体を形成するために有効な条件下で前記発泡性組成物を反応させる工程とを含む方法に関する。
(1,1,1,4,4,5,5,6,6,7,7,7−ドデカフルオロ−2−ヘプテン(F14E)の合成)
(C4F9CH2CHICF3の合成)
パーフルオロ−n−ブチルヨージド(180.1gm、0.52モル)および3,3,3−トリフルオロプロペン(25.0gm、0.26モル)を400mlの「ハステロイ(Hastelloy)」(商標)シェーカーチューブに添加し、最高で428PSIに増加した自然圧力下で8時間にわたり200℃に加熱した。生成物を室温で採取した。上の反応をこれらの条件で再び行い、生成物を組み合わせた。その後、400mlの同じ反応器内でパーフルオロ−n−ブチルヨージドおよび3,3,3−トリフルオロプロペンの量を倍にしてそれを繰り返した。この場合、圧力は573PSIに増加した。これらの反応の生成物を組み合わせ、そして蒸留して、収率70%で322.4gmのC4F9CH2CHICF3(52.2°/35mm)をもたらした。
攪拌棒を備えるとともに充填蒸留カラムおよび蒸留缶ヘッドに接続された2Lの丸底フラスコに添加漏斗を経由してC4F9CH2CHICF3(322.4gm、0.73モル)を滴下した。フラスコは、イソプロピルアルコール(95ml)、KOH(303.7gm、0.54モル)および水(303ml)を含有していた。生成物を採取し、異性亜硫酸水素ナトリウム、水で洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥させ、ガラス螺旋が充填された6インチのカラムを通して蒸留した。生成物F14E(173.4gm、76%)は78.2℃で沸騰する。生成物を以下によって特性分析した。19F NMR(δ−66.7(CF3,m,3F)、−81.7(CF3,m,3F)、−124.8(CF2,m,2F)、−126.4(CF2,m,2F)および−114.9ppm(CF2,m,2F))。クロロホルム−d溶液中の1H NMR(δ6.45)。
(1,1,1,2,2,5,5,6,6,7,7,8,8,8−テトラデカフルオロ−3−オクテン(F24E)の合成)
(C4F9CHICH2C2F5の合成)
パーフルオロエチルヨージド(220gm、0.895モル)および3,3,4,4,5,5,6,6,6−ノナフルオロ−1−ヘキセン(123gm、0.50モル)を400mlの「ハステロイ(Hastelloy)」(商標)シェーカーチューブに添加し、自然圧力下で10時間にわたり200℃に加熱した。これからの生成物および類似条件下で行われた2つの他の生成物を組み合わせ、10重量%水溶液亜硫酸水素ナトリウムの200mL部分で洗浄した。有機相を塩化カルシウム上で乾燥させ、その後、蒸留して、収率37%で277.4gmのC4F9CH2CHICF3(79−81℃/67−68mmHg)をもたらした。
メカニカルスターラー、添加漏斗、コンデンサおよび熱電対を備えた1Lの丸底フラスコにC4F9CHICH2C2F5(277.4gm、0.56モル)およびイソプロパノール(217.8g)を投入した。添加漏斗に83.8gの水に溶解させた水酸化カリウム(74.5g、1.13モル)の溶液を投入した。温度が21℃から42℃にゆっくり上がるにつれて、約1時間の過程にわたり迅速に攪拌しつつKOH溶液をフラスコに滴下した。反応塊を水で希釈し、生成物を相分離によって回収した。生成物を10重量%水溶液亜硫酸水素ナトリウムの50mL部分および水で洗浄し、塩化カルシウム上で乾燥させ、その後、大気圧で蒸留した。生成物F24E(128.7gm、63%)は95.5℃で沸騰する。生成物を以下によって特性分析した。19F NMR(δ−81.6(CF3,m,3F)、−85.4(CF3,m,3F)、−114.7(CF2,m,2F)、−118.1(CF2,m,2F)、−124.8ppm(CF2,m,2F)、−126.3ppm(CF2,m,2F))およびクロロホルム−d溶液中の1H NMR(δ6.48)。
(CF3CH=CHCF(CF3)2の合成)
(CF3CHICH2CF(CF3)2の合成)
(CF3)2CFI(265gm、0.9モル)および3,3,3−トリフルオロプロペン(44.0gm、0.45モル)を400mlの「ハステロイ(Hastelloy)」(商標)シェーカーチューブに添加し、最高で585psiに増加した自然圧力下で8時間にわたり200℃に加熱した。生成物を室温で採取し、収率62%で110gmの(CF3)2CFCH2CHICF3(76〜77℃/200mm)をもたらした。
攪拌棒を備えるとともに短経路蒸留カラムおよび乾燥アイストラップに接続され、42℃に加熱された500mlの丸底フラスコに添加漏斗を経由して(CF3)2CFCH2CHICF3(109gm、0.28モル)をゆっくり滴下した。フラスコは、イソプロピルアルコール(50ml)、KOH(109gm、1.96モル)および水(109ml)を含有していた。添加中に温度は42℃から55℃に上昇した。30分にわたる還流後に、フラスコ内の温度は62℃に上昇した。生成物を採取し、水で洗浄し、MgSO4で乾燥させ、蒸留した。生成物F13iE(41gm、55%)は48〜50℃で沸騰する。生成物を以下によって特性分析した。クロロホルム−d溶液中の19F NMR(δ−187.6(CF,m,1F)、−77.1(CF3,m,6F)、−66.3(CF3,m,3F)。
不飽和フルオロカーボン発泡剤の有効性を実証するために、以下の実施例4および実施例5に記載された2種の基本ポリウレタン発泡配合物を用いて手混合によってポリウレタン発泡体サンプルおよびポリイソシアヌレート発泡体サンプルを製造した。発泡剤を便宜上一般にポリオールまたはBサイドとプレミックスしてもよい。発泡体をフリーライズサンプルまたは成形サンプルのいずれかとして製造してもよい。フリーライズ発泡体の場合、反応混合物を開放円形カードボード容器に注ぐ。成形発泡体の場合、反応混合物を2・1/2インチ×13インチ×15インチ(6.35cm×30.02cm×38.1cm)の加熱アルミニウムモールドに注ぐ。
これらの不飽和フルオロカーボンは改善された気泡構造の利点を提供する。それらの溶解度が他の典型的に用いられる発泡剤とは異なるからである。Bサイド中でのそれらの低い溶解度は適切な混合を必要とするが、一旦混合されると、それらは、B−サイドに対する良好な親和性を示し、そして多少不溶性であるので発泡反応中に小気泡成長を活気付けるのを助けるように作用する。
(実施例8)
以下の実施例は、細かい均一な気泡構造、長期断熱値および良好な寸法安定性を有する熱可塑性発泡体断熱剤、特にポリスチレン断熱発泡体を製造するために不飽和フルオロカーボン発泡剤を使用できることを例示するために役立つ。
この実施例において、発泡剤として不飽和フルオロカーボンを用いてポリスチレン発泡シートを製造する。ポリスチレン発泡シートを最終的にエッグカートン、ハンバーガーカートン、肉トレー、プレートなどのような食品サービス包装に熱成形する。
典型的な配合物は、
88〜97重量%のポリスチレン樹脂、
2〜8重量%の不飽和フルオロカーボン発泡剤、
1〜4重量%の核剤である。
熱可塑性発泡体に対するHFC−1225yeの安定性を評価するために実験を行った。1,2,3,3,3−ペンタフルオロ−1−プロペン(HFC−1225ye)、1,1−ジフルオロエタン(HFC−152a)および1,1,1,2−テトラフルオロエタン(HFC−134a)をすべて試験の前にGC/MSによって分析し、100%純粋であることが判明した。ポリスチレン、タルク核剤、1010軟鋼クーポンおよび空気を発泡剤入りの圧力容器内で260℃に加熱し、24時間にわたり保持した。24時間後、容器を冷却し、すべての気体生成物を分析のために容器から採取した。
熱可塑性発泡体に対する不飽和フルオロカーボンの相溶性を評価するために実験を行った。ポリスチレンおよびタルク核剤を発泡剤入り圧力容器内で260℃に加熱し、24時間にわたり保持した。24時間後、容器を冷却し、ポリスチレンサンプルを熱重量分析(TGA)のために回収した。出発ポリスチレン材料の対照サンプルに対して発泡剤と合わせて加熱されたポリスチレンサンプルに関して重量損失対温度を比較した。TGA分析は、発泡剤が溶融物中に混合され、重量損失が溶融物中に混合された発泡剤の量の近似を提供することを示している。データは、現行HFC製品に対する不飽和フルオロカーボン発泡剤に関する改善された溶解度を示している。
Claims (4)
- 以下の群から選択されるフルオロカーボンまたはヒドロフルオロカーボンを含み、そのうち、CF 3 CH=CHCF 3 のE−異性体およびZ−異性体を必須の成分として含む地球温暖化係数(GWP)が100未満である発泡剤を用いて製造されたポリオレフィン発泡体:
式E−R1CH=CHR2を有するヒドロフルオロカーボン、Z−R1CH=CHR2を有するヒドロフルオロカーボン(式中、R1およびR2は独立してC1〜C3パーフルオロアルキル基である)、および、
CF3CF=CFCF3、CF3CF=CHCF3、(CF3)2C=CHCF3、CF3CF=CHCF2CF3、CF3CH=CFCF2CF3、CF3CF2CF=CFCF2CF3、(CF3)2C=C(CF3)2、(CF3)2CFCF=CHCF3、CF3CF=CFCH3、CH3CF=CHCF3、CHF2CF=CFCF2CF3、CF3CF=CFCF2CHF2、CF3CF=CFCHFCF3、CF3CH=C(CF3)2、CF3CF=C(CF3)(CH3)、CH2FCH=C(CF3)2、CH3CF=C(CF3)2、(CF3)2C=CHC2F5、(CF3)2CFCF=CHCF3、(CF3)2C=C(CH3)(CF3)、CF3CF=C(CH3)CF2CF3、(CF3)2C=CHCF2CH3、CF3CF2CF=CFC2H5、CF3CF=CHCH(CF3)(CH3)、(CF3)2C=CFC2H5、−CF2CF2CF2CH=CH−の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF2CF2CH=CH−の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF2CF2CF=CF−の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF2CF=CFCF2CF2−の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF2CF=CFCF2CF2CF2−の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、CF3CF=CFC2F5、CF3CF=CFCF2CF2C2F5、CF3CF2CF=CFCF2C2F5、CF3CH=CFCF2CF2C2F5、CF3CF=CHCF2CF2C2F5、CF3CF2CH=CFCF2C2F5、CF3CF2CF=CHCF2C2F5、C2F5CF2CF=CHCH3、C2F5CF=CHCH3、(CF3)2C=CHCH3、CF3C(CH3)=CHCF3、CHF2CF=CFCF3、CH2FCF=CFCF3、CHF2CH=CFCF3、CF3CH=CFCHF2、CHF2CF=CFCHF2、CH2CF=CFCF3、CH2FCH=CFCF3、CF3CH=CFCH2F、CHF2CF=CHCHF2、CF3CBr=CFCF3、CH3CBr=CHCF3、CF3CBr=CHCH3、CF3CF=CBrCF2CF3、E−CHF2CBr=CFC2F5、Z−CHF2CBr=CFC2F5、(CF3)2CFCBr=CH2、CHBr=CF(CF2)2CHF2、および(CF3)2C=CHCH2Brからなる群から選択されるフルオロカーボンまたはヒドロフルオロカーボン。 - 以下の群から選択されるフルオロカーボンまたはヒドロフルオロカーボンを含み、そのうち、CF 3 CH=CHCF 3 のE−異性体およびZ−異性体を必須の成分として含む地球温暖化係数(GWP)が100未満である発泡剤を用いて製造された独立気泡発泡体を含むことを特徴とするポリスチレン発泡シート:
式E−R 1 CH=CHR 2 を有するヒドロフルオロカーボン、Z−R 1 CH=CHR 2 を有するヒドロフルオロカーボン(式中、R 1 およびR 2 は独立してC 1 〜C 3 パーフルオロアルキル基である)、および、
CF 3 CF=CFCF 3 、CF 3 CF=CHCF 3 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=CHCF 3 、CF 3 CF=CHCF 2 CF 3 、CF 3 CH=CFCF 2 CF 3 、CF 3 CF 2 CF=CFCF 2 CF 3 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=C(CF 3 ) 2 、(CF 3 ) 2 CFCF=CHCF 3 、CF 3 CF=CFCH 3 、CH 3 CF=CHCF 3 、CHF 2 CF=CFCF 2 CF 3 、CF 3 CF=CFCF 2 CHF 2 、CF 3 CF=CFCHFCF 3 、CF 3 CH=C(CF 3 ) 2 、CF 3 CF=C(CF 3 )(CH 3 )、CH 2 FCH=C(CF 3 ) 2 、CH 3 CF=C(CF 3 ) 2 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=CHC 2 F 5 、(CF 3 ) 2 CFCF=CHCF 3 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=C(CH 3 )(CF 3 )、CF 3 CF=C(CH 3 )CF 2 CF 3 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=CHCF 2 CH 3 、CF 3 CF 2 CF=CFC 2 H 5 、CF 3 CF=CHCH(CF 3 )(CH 3 )、(CF 3 ) 2 C=CFC 2 H 5 、−CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CH=CH−の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF 2 CF 2 CH=CH−の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF 2 CF 2 CF=CF−の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF 2 CF=CFCF 2 CF 2 −の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF 2 CF=CFCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 −の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、CF 3 CF=CFC 2 F 5 、CF 3 CF=CFCF 2 CF 2 C 2 F 5 、CF 3 CF 2 CF=CFCF 2 C 2 F 5 、CF 3 CH=CFCF 2 CF 2 C 2 F 5 、CF 3 CF=CHCF 2 CF 2 C 2 F 5 、CF 3 CF 2 CH=CFCF 2 C 2 F 5 、CF 3 CF 2 CF=CHCF 2 C 2 F 5 、C 2 F 5 CF 2 CF=CHCH 3 、C 2 F 5 CF=CHCH 3 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=CHCH 3 、CF 3 C(CH 3 )=CHCF 3 、CHF 2 CF=CFCF 3 、CH 2 FCF=CFCF 3 、CHF 2 CH=CFCF 3 、CF 3 CH=CFCHF 2 、CHF 2 CF=CFCHF 2 、CH 2 CF=CFCF 3 、CH 2 FCH=CFCF 3 、CF 3 CH=CFCH 2 F、CHF 2 CF=CHCHF 2 、CF 3 CBr=CFCF 3 、CH 3 CBr=CHCF 3 、CF 3 CBr=CHCH 3 、CF 3 CF=CBrCF 2 CF 3 、E−CHF 2 CBr=CFC 2 F 5 、Z−CHF 2 CBr=CFC 2 F 5 、(CF 3 ) 2 CFCBr=CH 2 、CHBr=CF(CF 2 ) 2 CHF 2 、および(CF 3 ) 2 C=CHCH 2 Brからなる群から選択されるフルオロカーボンまたはヒドロフルオロカーボン。 - 以下の群から選択されるフルオロカーボンまたはヒドロフルオロカーボンを含み、そのうち、CF 3 CH=CHCF 3 のE−異性体およびZ−異性体を必須の成分として含む地球温暖化係数(GWP)が100未満である発泡剤を用いて製造された独立気泡発泡体を含むことを特徴とする押出ポリスチレン発泡ボード:
式E−R 1 CH=CHR 2 を有するヒドロフルオロカーボン、Z−R 1 CH=CHR 2 を有するヒドロフルオロカーボン(式中、R 1 およびR 2 は独立してC 1 〜C 3 パーフルオロアルキル基である)、および、
CF 3 CF=CFCF 3 、CF 3 CF=CHCF 3 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=CHCF 3 、CF 3 CF=CHCF 2 CF 3 、CF 3 CH=CFCF 2 CF 3 、CF 3 CF 2 CF=CFCF 2 CF 3 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=C(CF 3 ) 2 、(CF 3 ) 2 CFCF=CHCF 3 、CF 3 CF=CFCH 3 、CH 3 CF=CHCF 3 、CHF 2 CF=CFCF 2 CF 3 、CF 3 CF=CFCF 2 CHF 2 、CF 3 CF=CFCHFCF 3 、CF 3 CH=C(CF 3 ) 2 、CF 3 CF=C(CF 3 )(CH 3 )、CH 2 FCH=C(CF 3 ) 2 、CH 3 CF=C(CF 3 ) 2 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=CHC 2 F 5 、(CF 3 ) 2 CFCF=CHCF 3 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=C(CH 3 )(CF 3 )、CF 3 CF=C(CH 3 )CF 2 CF 3 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=CHCF 2 CH 3 、CF 3 CF 2 CF=CFC 2 H 5 、CF 3 CF=CHCH(CF 3 )(CH 3 )、(CF 3 ) 2 C=CFC 2 H 5 、−CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CH=CH−の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF 2 CF 2 CH=CH−の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF 2 CF 2 CF=CF−の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF 2 CF=CFCF 2 CF 2 −の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF 2 CF=CFCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 −の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、CF 3 CF=CFC 2 F 5 、CF 3 CF=CFCF 2 CF 2 C 2 F 5 、CF 3 CF 2 CF=CFCF 2 C 2 F 5 、CF 3 CH=CFCF 2 CF 2 C 2 F 5 、CF 3 CF=CHCF 2 CF 2 C 2 F 5 、CF 3 CF 2 CH=CFCF 2 C 2 F 5 、CF 3 CF 2 CF=CHCF 2 C 2 F 5 、C 2 F 5 CF 2 CF=CHCH 3 、C 2 F 5 CF=CHCH 3 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=CHCH 3 、CF 3 C(CH 3 )=CHCF 3 、CHF 2 CF=CFCF 3 、CH 2 FCF=CFCF 3 、CHF 2 CH=CFCF 3 、CF 3 CH=CFCHF 2 、CHF 2 CF=CFCHF 2 、CH 2 CF=CFCF 3 、CH 2 FCH=CFCF 3 、CF 3 CH=CFCH 2 F、CHF 2 CF=CHCHF 2 、CF 3 CBr=CFCF 3 、CH 3 CBr=CHCF 3 、CF 3 CBr=CHCH 3 、CF 3 CF=CBrCF 2 CF 3 、E−CHF 2 CBr=CFC 2 F 5 、Z−CHF 2 CBr=CFC 2 F 5 、(CF 3 ) 2 CFCBr=CH 2 、CHBr=CF(CF 2 ) 2 CHF 2 、および(CF 3 ) 2 C=CHCH 2 Brからなる群から選択されるフルオロカーボンまたはヒドロフルオロカーボン。 - 以下の群から選択されるフルオロカーボンまたはヒドロフルオロカーボンを含み、そのうち、CF 3 CH=CHCF 3 のE−異性体およびZ−異性体を必須の成分として含む地球温暖化係数(GWP)が100未満である発泡剤を用いて製造された独立気泡発泡体を含む、厚さ2フィート(61cm)以下、幅4フィート(1.22メートル)以下、長さ16フィート(4.8メートル)以下、断面積2〜8平方フィート(0.19〜0.74平方メートル)および密度6〜15pcf(96〜240kg/m3)のビレットの形態であることを特徴とする膨張性発泡体:
式E−R 1 CH=CHR 2 を有するヒドロフルオロカーボン、Z−R 1 CH=CHR 2 を有するヒドロフルオロカーボン(式中、R 1 およびR 2 は独立してC 1 〜C 3 パーフルオロアルキル基である)、および、
CF 3 CF=CFCF 3 、CF 3 CF=CHCF 3 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=CHCF 3 、CF 3 CF=CHCF 2 CF 3 、CF 3 CH=CFCF 2 CF 3 、CF 3 CF 2 CF=CFCF 2 CF 3 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=C(CF 3 ) 2 、(CF 3 ) 2 CFCF=CHCF 3 、CF 3 CF=CFCH 3 、CH 3 CF=CHCF 3 、CHF 2 CF=CFCF 2 CF 3 、CF 3 CF=CFCF 2 CHF 2 、CF 3 CF=CFCHFCF 3 、CF 3 CH=C(CF 3 ) 2 、CF 3 CF=C(CF 3 )(CH 3 )、CH 2 FCH=C(CF 3 ) 2 、CH 3 CF=C(CF 3 ) 2 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=CHC 2 F 5 、(CF 3 ) 2 CFCF=CHCF 3 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=C(CH 3 )(CF 3 )、CF 3 CF=C(CH 3 )CF 2 CF 3 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=CHCF 2 CH 3 、CF 3 CF 2 CF=CFC 2 H 5 、CF 3 CF=CHCH(CF 3 )(CH 3 )、(CF 3 ) 2 C=CFC 2 H 5 、−CF 2 CF 2 CF 2 CH=CH−の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF 2 CF 2 CH=CH−の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF 2 CF 2 CF=CF−の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF 2 CF=CFCF 2 CF 2 −の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、−CF 2 CF=CFCF 2 CF 2 CF 2 −の両末端が環化してなる環式化合物、CF 3 CF=CFC 2 F 5 、CF 3 CF=CFCF 2 CF 2 C 2 F 5 、CF 3 CF 2 CF=CFCF 2 C 2 F 5 、CF 3 CH=CFCF 2 CF 2 C 2 F 5 、CF 3 CF=CHCF 2 CF 2 C 2 F 5 、CF 3 CF 2 CH=CFCF 2 C 2 F 5 、CF 3 CF 2 CF=CHCF 2 C 2 F 5 、C 2 F 5 CF 2 CF=CHCH 3 、C 2 F 5 CF=CHCH 3 、(CF 3 ) 2 C=CHCH 3 、CF 3 C(CH 3 )=CHCF 3 、CHF 2 CF=CFCF 3 、CH 2 FCF=CFCF 3 、CHF 2 CH=CFCF 3 、CF 3 CH=CFCHF 2 、CHF 2 CF=CFCHF 2 、CH 2 CF=CFCF 3 、CH 2 FCH=CFCF 3 、CF 3 CH=CFCH 2 F、CHF 2 CF=CHCHF 2 、CF 3 CBr=CFCF 3 、CH 3 CBr=CHCF 3 、CF 3 CBr=CHCH 3 、CF 3 CF=CBrCF 2 CF 3 、E−CHF 2 CBr=CFC 2 F 5 、Z−CHF 2 CBr=CFC 2 F 5 、(CF 3 ) 2 CFCBr=CH 2 、CHBr=CF(CF 2 ) 2 CHF 2 、および(CF 3 ) 2 C=CHCH 2 Brからなる群から選択されるフルオロカーボンまたはヒドロフルオロカーボン。
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