JP5854169B2 - Bukuryo cultivation method - Google Patents
Bukuryo cultivation method Download PDFInfo
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- JP5854169B2 JP5854169B2 JP2015508315A JP2015508315A JP5854169B2 JP 5854169 B2 JP5854169 B2 JP 5854169B2 JP 2015508315 A JP2015508315 A JP 2015508315A JP 2015508315 A JP2015508315 A JP 2015508315A JP 5854169 B2 JP5854169 B2 JP 5854169B2
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- sawdust
- vitamin
- mass
- fungus bed
- ammonium
- Prior art date
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- 238000012364 cultivation method Methods 0.000 title claims description 8
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 claims description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000002054 inoculum Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 235000018782 Dacrydium cupressinum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013697 Pinus resinosa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 150000003863 ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000218652 Larix Species 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000005590 Larix decidua Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxine Chemical compound CC1=NC=C(CO)C(CO)=C1O LXNHXLLTXMVWPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910000160 potassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011009 potassium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229960003495 thiamine Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiamine Chemical compound CC1=C(CCO)SCN1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N KYMBYSLLVAOCFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Cl-].[Ca+2] UXVMQQNJUSDDNG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N Riboflavin Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-SCRDCRAPSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229930006000 Sucrose Natural products 0.000 claims description 6
- CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N Sucrose Chemical compound O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@]1(CO)O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 CZMRCDWAGMRECN-UGDNZRGBSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001110 calcium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001628 calcium chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 159000000007 calcium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 100676-05-9 Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(OC2C(OC(O)C(O)C2O)CO)O1 OWEGMIWEEQEYGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N Maltose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-PICCSMPSSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229930003451 Vitamin B1 Natural products 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000005720 sucrose Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010374 vitamin B1 Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011691 vitamin B1 Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia chloride Chemical compound [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 claims description 4
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N D-xylopyranose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1COC(O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-IOVATXLUSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N arabinose Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N beta-D-Pyranose-Lyxose Natural products OC1COC(O)C(O)C1O SRBFZHDQGSBBOR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930182830 galactose Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960003512 nicotinic acid Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
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- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229940011671 vitamin b6 Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 244000037364 Cinnamomum aromaticum Species 0.000 claims description 3
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- 229930091371 Fructose Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
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- RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N Fructose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@](O)(CO)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O RFSUNEUAIZKAJO-ARQDHWQXSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011609 Pinus massoniana Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000018650 Pinus massoniana Species 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000008585 Pinus thunbergii Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N beta-D-glucose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-VFUOTHLCSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N beta-maltose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QUYVBRFLSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014633 carbohydrates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000021470 vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N α-D-glucopyranosyl-α-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OC1C(O)C(O)C(O)C(CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N Alpha-Lactose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@@H](CO)O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-XLOQQCSPSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N D-Lyxoflavin Natural products OCC(O)C(O)C(O)CN1C=2C=C(C)C(C)=CC=2N=C2C1=NC(=O)NC2=O AUNGANRZJHBGPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N Lactose Natural products OC[C@H]1O[C@@H](O[C@H]2[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)O[C@@H]2CO)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O GUBGYTABKSRVRQ-QKKXKWKRSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000218686 Pinus thunbergii Species 0.000 claims description 2
- JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiamine Natural products CC1=C(CCO)SC=[N+]1CC1=CN=C(C)N=C1N JZRWCGZRTZMZEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N Trehalose Natural products O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-WSWWMNSNSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 229930003537 Vitamin B3 Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- 229930003761 Vitamin B9 Natural products 0.000 claims description 2
- HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N alpha,alpha-trehalose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 HDTRYLNUVZCQOY-LIZSDCNHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N alpha-D-galactose Chemical compound OC[C@H]1O[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-PHYPRBDBSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000012501 ammonium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019270 ammonium chloride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N arabinose Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)C=O PYMYPHUHKUWMLA-WDCZJNDASA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N folic acid Chemical compound C=1N=C2NC(N)=NC(=O)C2=NC=1CNC1=CC=C(C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(O)=O)C(O)=O)C=C1 OVBPIULPVIDEAO-LBPRGKRZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QFWPJPIVLCBXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N glymidine Chemical compound N1=CC(OCCOC)=CN=C1NS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 QFWPJPIVLCBXFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008101 lactose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000011664 nicotinic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N nicotinic acid amide Natural products NC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 DFPAKSUCGFBDDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 2
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- RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridoxal hydrochloride Natural products CC1=NC=C(CO)C(C=O)=C1O RADKZDMFGJYCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
- C12N1/00—Microorganisms, e.g. protozoa; Compositions thereof; Processes of propagating, maintaining or preserving microorganisms or compositions thereof; Processes of preparing or isolating a composition containing a microorganism; Culture media therefor
- C12N1/14—Fungi; Culture media therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/20—Culture media, e.g. compost
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
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Description
本発明は、ブクリョウ（マツホドの菌核）の栽培方法に関し、さらに詳細には、オガクズの混入が少なく、良質なブクリョウを効率良く生産することが可能な栽培方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for cultivating Bukuryo (matsukho mycorrhiza), and more particularly, to a method for cultivating good-quality Bukuryo with little inclusion of sawdust.
ブクリョウは、マツホド｛Ｗｏｌｆｉｐｏｒｉａ ｃｏｃｏｓ Ｒｙｖａｒｄｅｎ ｅｔ Ｇｉｌｂｅｒｔｓｏｎ（又は、Ｐｏｒｉａ ｃｏｃｏｓ Ｗｏｌｆ）サルノコシカケ科（Ｐｏｌｙｐｏｒａｃｅａｅ）に属する菌類｝の菌核であり、生薬「茯苓」として桂枝茯苓丸、五苓散、茯苓飲をはじめとする多数の漢方処方に配合され、胸脇の逆気、憂恚、驚邪、恐悸、心下の結痛、寒熱、煩満、口焦、舌乾、小便不利を伴う諸疾患に古来から用いられてきた。また近年、利尿作用の他に抗胃潰瘍作用、血糖降下作用、免疫賦活作用が認められている。 Bukuryo is the sclerotium of Matsuhodo {Wolfiporia cocos Ryvarden et Gilbertson (or Poria cocos Wolf) fungi belonging to the family Polypoaceae}. It has been incorporated into numerous Chinese herbal prescriptions, and it has been used since ancient times for various diseases that are associated with chest aversion, melancholy, wonders, depression, subconscious pain, cold fever, annoyance, dry mouth, dry tongue, and urinary disadvantage. Has been used since. In recent years, in addition to diuretic action, anti-gastric ulcer action, hypoglycemic action, and immunostimulatory action have been recognized.
ブクリョウは、天然の状態では、伐採してから３〜５年経過したマツ類の地下１０〜３０ｃｍの根に付着して形成されるが、現在日本ではこのような野生品の採取はほとんどなされておらず、生薬としてのブクリョウはもっぱら中国からの輸入に依存している。中国では、野生品の採取の他、マツの原木を使用した人工栽培が行われているが、近年森林の伐採が規制される地域が拡大しており、将来にわたって供給量や品質の安定性を確保できるか懸念されている。また原木栽培では栽培期間が約１年と長く、原木の埋設や掘り出しなどの作業負荷が大きいという問題がある。 In the natural state, Bukuryo is formed by attaching to the roots of pine trees 10-30 cm below 3-5 years after cutting, but currently such wild products are mostly collected in Japan. As a crude drug, Bukuryu relies solely on imports from China. In China, in addition to harvesting wild products, artificial cultivation using pine logs is being carried out, but in recent years the area where forest logging is regulated is expanding, and the stability of supply and quality will be improved in the future. There is concern about whether it can be secured. In addition, there is a problem that the cultivation period of raw wood is as long as about one year, and the work load such as burying or digging of raw wood is large.
そこで、オガクズを培地としてブクリョウを栽培する試みがなされており、例えば、網目構造を有するかごを埋没させたオガクズ培地にマツホドの菌糸を接種することにより、かごの内部にブクリョウを形成させる方法が開示されている（特許文献１）。しかし、この方法によりブクリョウを栽培すると、ブクリョウにオガクズが混入するためそのままでは生薬として使用できず、オガクズの除去を行う必要があるため、収量が減るとともに、製造コストが上昇するという問題があった。 Therefore, an attempt has been made to cultivate bukkake using sawdust as a medium. For example, a method for inoculating a mycelium of pinehod into a sawdust medium in which a cage having a mesh structure is embedded to form bukkyou inside the basket is disclosed. (Patent Document 1). However, when cultivated with this method, sawdust is mixed into it, so it cannot be used as a crude drug as it is, and it is necessary to remove sawdust, resulting in reduced yields and increased production costs. .
これに対し、本出願人はすでに、所定の液体培地を添加し、表面にセルロース等の保水性を有する素材を配置したオガクズ培地にマツホドの菌糸を接種するブクリョウの人工栽培方法を提案している（特許文献２）。この方法によれば、オガクズのブクリョウへの混入を一定程度抑制することはできるが、実生産規模では、なおオガクズの混入を十分に抑制できない場合があった。 On the other hand, the present applicant has already proposed an artificial cultivation method of bukkake in which a predetermined liquid medium is added and a sawdust medium in which a material having water retention properties such as cellulose is arranged on the surface is inoculated with mycelium of matsuhodo. (Patent Document 2). According to this method, it is possible to suppress the contamination of sawdust to the extent of a certain degree, but there is a case where the contamination of sawdust cannot be sufficiently suppressed at the actual production scale.
またオガクズを用いた培地に米ぬかを高含量で添加し、マツホドの菌糸を蔓延させてから幼少ブクリョウを乗せ、その上を土で覆って培養する栽培方法が開示されている（特許文献３）。しかしこの方法では、オガクズの混入防止が不十分であり、また培地を噛み込んでいるブクリョウが中〜下層に形成されるため接種した幼少ブクリョウの肥大を阻害する問題があった。 Further, a cultivation method is disclosed in which rice bran is added to a medium using sawdust in a high content, the mycelium of Matsuhodo is spread, and then a young bukkake is placed, and the top is covered with soil and cultured (Patent Document 3). However, this method is insufficient to prevent the inclusion of sawdust, and there is a problem of inhibiting the enlargement of the inoculated juvenile bukkake because the bukuro that is biting into the medium is formed in the middle to lower layer.
したがって、本発明は、栽培過程において、オガクズが混入することなく、良質なブクリョウを短期間で効率良く生産することが可能なブクリョウの人工栽培方法を提供することを目的とする。 Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for artificially cultivating bryopus that can efficiently produce good-quality bukkyou in a short period of time without mixing sawdust in the cultivation process.
本発明者らは、上記課題を解決すべく鋭意検討を行った結果、オガクズを基材とする菌床中にアンモニウム塩を添加することにより、菌床中で菌糸生育促進と共に、菌床表面への菌糸マット形成が促進され、菌糸マットでは、オガクズを噛み込むことなく菌糸が生育するため、菌糸マットの上に種となるブクリョウ（以降では、「種ブクリョウ」と表す。）を接種した後に、菌糸が種ブクリョウと融合する際のオガクズの混入が抑えられるという知見を得た。さらに形成されたブクリョウがオガクズと直接接触することなく、菌糸マットの菌糸を介して栄養分を吸収できるため、肥大化の際のブクリョウへのオガクズの混入をも防止できることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have added an ammonium salt to the mycelium based on sawdust, thereby promoting hyphal growth in the mycelium and moving to the mycelium surface. The hypha mat is promoted, and the hypha mat grows without biting the sawdust. Therefore, after inoculating the mycelia mat with seeds (hereinafter referred to as "seed mysteria"), It was found that the contamination of sawdust when the mycelium is fused with the seed bukuro is suppressed. Further, the present invention has found that since the formed broomfish can absorb nutrients through the hyphae of the hypha mat without directly contacting the sawdust, it can also prevent the inclusion of sawdust into the broomfish during enlargement, and completes the present invention. It came to.
すなわち、本発明は、次の工程（１）〜（４）；
（１）オガクズを基材とし、アンモニウム塩を含有する菌床中にマツホドの種菌を接種する工程
（２）マツホドの種菌を培養して菌床表面に菌糸マットを形成させる工程
（３）形成された菌糸マット上に種ブクリョウを接種する工程
（４）接種した種ブクリョウを肥大させる工程
を有することを特徴とするブクリョウの人工栽培方法である。That is, the present invention includes the following steps (1) to (4);
(1) A step of inoculating matsuhodo inoculum in a fungus bed containing sawdust as a base material and containing an ammonium salt (2) a step of culturing the inoculum of matsuhod to form a hypha mat on the fungus bed surface (3) formed (4) A method for artificially cultivating a bulbous plant characterized by having a step of enlarging the seeded bulbous seed on a mycelial mat.
本発明の栽培方法によれば、オガクズの混入が少ない良質なブクリョウを、例えば３ヵ月程度の短期間で効率良く安定的に生産することが可能である。 According to the cultivation method of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently and stably produce a high-quality ukuryu with little inclusion of sawdust, for example, in a short period of about 3 months.
本発明の栽培方法においては、まずオガクズを基材とし、アンモニウム塩を含有する菌床中にマツホドの種菌を接種する（工程（１））。 In the cultivation method of the present invention, first, seeds of matsuhod are inoculated into a fungus bed containing sawdust as a base material and containing an ammonium salt (step (1)).
アンモニウム塩としては、硫酸アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウム、塩化アンモニウム、炭酸アンモニウム、リン酸アンモニウム等が挙げられるが、このうち、硫酸アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウムを添加すると、菌糸の生育が促進され、菌床表面に菌糸マットが速やかに形成されて、菌糸へのオガクズの噛み込みが少なくなるため好ましい。また菌糸マットを形成する間に菌床の中〜下層においてブクリョウが形成されると、その後種ブクリョウを接種して培養しても、栄養分が、菌床の中〜下層に形成されたブクリョウに吸収されてしまい種ブクリョウが十分に肥大できない場合が多いが、硫酸アンモニウム、硝酸アンモニウムを添加すると、そのような菌床の中〜下層におけるブクリョウの形成が抑制されるため好適である。一方、菌床の上層に形成されたブクリョウは、ほとんど肥大化しないため、接種した種ブクリョウと競合してその肥大化を阻害することはない。ここで菌床の上層とは、一般に菌床の表面から菌床の高さの約５分の１〜３分の１程度までを意味する。菌床中のアンモニウム塩の添加量は、オガクズの乾燥質量に対し、０．０１〜１．０質量％が好ましく、０．１〜０．8質量％がより好ましい。この範囲であると、菌糸の生育速度が速く、菌糸マットが速やかに形成されてオガクズの噛み込みが少なくなり、菌床の中〜下層におけるブクリョウの形成も抑制することができる。一方、１．０質量％よりも多く添加すると、菌糸の生育が抑制される場合がある。 Ammonium salts include ammonium sulfate, ammonium nitrate, ammonium chloride, ammonium carbonate, ammonium phosphate, etc. Of these, the addition of ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate promotes the growth of mycelia, and the hypha mat is rapidly formed on the surface of the fungus bed. It is preferable because it is formed and the biting of sawdust into the mycelium is reduced. In addition, if buccals are formed in the middle to lower layer of the mycelium during the formation of the hypha mat, nutrients are absorbed by the buccals formed in the middle to lower layer of the mycelium even if inoculated and cultured after that. In many cases, the seedlings cannot be sufficiently enlarged. However, the addition of ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate is preferable because the formation of the inside of the fungus bed is suppressed. On the other hand, the bukkake formed in the upper layer of the fungus bed hardly bloats, and therefore does not compete with the inoculated seed bucurium and does not inhibit the bloat. Here, the upper layer of the fungus bed generally means from about 1/5 to about 1/3 of the height of the fungus bed from the surface of the fungus bed. 0.01-1.0 mass% is preferable with respect to the dry mass of sawdust, and 0.1-0.8 mass% is more preferable with respect to the dry mass of sawdust. Within this range, the growth rate of the mycelium is fast, the mycelium mat is rapidly formed, the biting of the sawdust is reduced, and the formation of bukuro in the middle to the lower layer of the fungus bed can be suppressed. On the other hand, when the amount is more than 1.0% by mass, the growth of mycelia may be suppressed.
菌床には、硝酸アンモニウムに加えカリウム塩を添加することにより、菌糸の生育が促進され、また菌床の中〜下層におけるブクリョウの形成を抑制できる。カリウム塩としては、リン酸カリウム、炭酸カリウム、塩化カリウムなどが例示できるが、これらの中でも、リン酸カリウムが菌糸生育促進効果等に優れるため好適である。菌床中のカリウム塩の添加量は、オガクズの乾燥質量に対し、０．０１〜４．０質量％が好ましく、０．０１〜０．６質量％がより好ましい。カリウム塩の添加量が０．１質量％よりも低いと菌糸生育促進が不十分な場合があり、４．０質量％よりも高濃度では、菌糸成育を抑制する場合がある。 By adding a potassium salt in addition to ammonium nitrate to the fungal bed, the growth of mycelium is promoted, and the formation of bucurium in the middle to lower layers of the fungal bed can be suppressed. Examples of the potassium salt include potassium phosphate, potassium carbonate, potassium chloride, and the like. Among these, potassium phosphate is preferable because of its excellent hyphal growth promoting effect and the like. 0.01-4.0 mass% is preferable with respect to the dry mass of sawdust, and, as for the addition amount of the potassium salt in a microbial bed, 0.01-0.6 mass% is more preferable. If the amount of potassium salt added is lower than 0.1% by mass, mycelial growth may be insufficiently promoted. If the concentration is higher than 4.0% by mass, mycelial growth may be suppressed.
菌床には、さらにカルシウム塩を添加することにより、菌糸の生育が促進され形成される菌糸マットの厚みが増加する。カルシウム塩としては、塩化カルシウム、炭酸カルシウム、硫酸カルシウム、リン酸カルシウムなどが挙げられ、これらの中でも塩化カルシウムが菌糸生育促進効果等に優れるため好適に用いられる。菌床中のカルシウム塩の添加量はオガクズの乾燥質量に対し、０．００１〜１．０質量％が好ましく、菌糸生育効果の観点から、０．０１〜０．２質量％が好ましい。 By further adding a calcium salt to the mycelium bed, the growth of the mycelium is promoted and the thickness of the formed mycelium mat is increased. Examples of calcium salts include calcium chloride, calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, calcium phosphate, and the like. Among these, calcium chloride is preferably used because of its excellent hyphal growth promoting effect and the like. The addition amount of the calcium salt in the fungus bed is preferably 0.001 to 1.0 mass% with respect to the dry mass of sawdust, and is preferably 0.01 to 0.2 mass% from the viewpoint of the hyphal growth effect.
菌床には、さらにビタミン類を添加することにより、菌糸の生育を促進することができる。ビタミンとしては、ビタミンＢ１（チアミン）、ビタミンC (アスコルビン酸)、ビタミンＢ７(ビオチン)、ビタミンＢ３ (ニコチン酸) 、ビタミンＢ６（ピリドキシン）、ビタミンＢ９（ヨウ酸）、ビタミンＢ２（ラクトフラビン）、ビタミンＢ５（パントテン酸）等が例示できるが、これらの中でも菌糸生育促進効果に優れることからビタミンＢ１が好適に用いられる。菌床中のビタミン類の添加量は、オガクズの乾燥質量に対し、０．００１〜０．０１質量％が好ましく、０．００２〜０．００５質量％がより好ましい。 The growth of mycelia can be promoted by adding vitamins to the mycelium. As vitamins, vitamin B1 (thiamine), vitamin C (ascorbic acid), vitamin B7 (biotin), vitamin B3 (nicotinic acid), vitamin B6 (pyridoxine), vitamin B9 (iodic acid), vitamin B2 (lactoflavin), Vitamin B5 (pantothenic acid) and the like can be exemplified, but among these, vitamin B1 is preferably used because of its excellent hyphal growth promoting effect. 0.001-0.01 mass% is preferable with respect to the dry mass of sawdust, and, as for the addition amount of vitamins in a microbial bed, 0.002-0.005 mass% is more preferable.
菌床には、さらに糖質を添加することにより、菌糸の生育が促進される。糖質としては、グルコース、フルクトース、アラビノース、キシロースなどの単糖類、スクロース、マルトース、トレハロース、ガラクトース、ラクトースなどの二糖類、セルロース、でんぷんなどの多糖類、グリセロール、マンニトール、ソルビトールなどの糖アルコールを用いることができる。これらの中でも、グルコース、マルトース、スクロースが、菌糸の生育を促進する効果が高いため好適であり、特にグルコースが好ましい。オガクズの乾燥質量に対する糖質の添加量は、０．１〜１５．０質量％が好ましく、１．０〜５．０質量％がより好ましい。 By adding a saccharide to the mycelium, the growth of mycelium is promoted. As saccharides, monosaccharides such as glucose, fructose, arabinose and xylose, disaccharides such as sucrose, maltose, trehalose, galactose and lactose, polysaccharides such as cellulose and starch, and sugar alcohols such as glycerol, mannitol and sorbitol are used. be able to. Among these, glucose, maltose, and sucrose are preferable because of their high effect of promoting hyphal growth, and glucose is particularly preferable. 0.1-15.0 mass% is preferable and, as for the addition amount of the saccharide | sugar with respect to the dry mass of sawdust, 1.0-5.0 mass% is more preferable.
菌床の基材であるオガクズの種類は特に限定されるものではなく、例えば、アカマツ、カラマツ、トドマツ、クロマツ、バシリマツ（バビショウ）、ハイマツ、ウンナンマツ、スギ、シナニッケイ(カシア 学名：Cinnamomum cassia Blume)等が例示できるが、このうち、アカマツ、カラマツ、クロマツ、バシリマツ（バビショウ）、ウンナンマツ、トドマツが好適であり、特にアカマツ又はカラマツが好ましい。シナニッケイのオガクズを使用する場合には、樹皮を含まないことが好ましい。また、オガクズ全体に対してアカマツまたはカラマツのオガクズは１０質量％以上含有することが好ましく、３０質量％以上含有することがより好ましく、５０質量％以上含有することが特に好ましい。
オガクズの平均粒径は、０．５〜２０ｍｍが好ましい。２０ｍｍよりも大きいと菌床中に水分が十分に保持されない場合がある。このようなオガクズをポット、栽培袋、栽培びんなどの適当な容量の容器に入れて培養に供する。また、菌床に更にコーンコブ（トウモロコシの種実を除いた芯の部分を粉砕したもの）、小麦ふすま等をオガクズの体積の１／１０〜１／２程度加えても良い。
Type of sawdust as a base material for the mushroom bed is not particularly limited, for example, Japanese red pine, larch, fir, Japanese black pine, Bashirimatsu (Pinus massoniana), pumila, Un'nanmatsu, cedar, Shinanikkei (Cassia scientific name: Cinnamomum cassia Blume) such Although but it can be exemplified, of which Akamatsu, larch, black pine, Bashirimatsu (Pinus massoniana), Un'nanmatsu, fir are preferred, especially red pine or larch are preferred. In the case of using Sinanikei sawdust, it is preferable not to include bark. Further, red pine or larch sawdust is preferably contained in an amount of 10% by mass or more, more preferably 30% by mass or more, and particularly preferably 50% by mass or more based on the whole sawdust.
The average particle size of sawdust is preferably 0.5 to 20 mm. If it is larger than 20 mm, moisture may not be sufficiently retained in the fungus bed. Such sawdust is put into a container of an appropriate capacity such as a pot, a cultivation bag, a cultivation bottle, etc., and used for cultivation. Further, corn cob (obtained by pulverizing the core part excluding the seeds of corn), wheat bran or the like may be added to the fungus bed in an amount of about 1/10 to 1/2 of the sawdust volume.
上記オガクズ、アンモニウム塩および必要に応じて添加されるその他の栄養成分を混合して調製される菌床は、水分含量を４０質量％以上かつ６０質量％未満に調整することが好ましく、４２〜４５質量％がより好ましい。４０質量％未満であると菌床が乾燥し易く、乾燥により菌糸生育が阻害される場合があり、６０質量％以上では、菌床の中〜下層にブクリョウが形成され、その後種ブクリョウを接種して培養する際に種ブクリョウの肥大を阻害する場合がある。 The fungus bed prepared by mixing the sawdust, ammonium salt and other nutritional components added as necessary preferably has a water content adjusted to 40% by mass or more and less than 60% by mass, The mass% is more preferable. If it is less than 40% by mass, the mycelium bed tends to dry, and mycelial growth may be hindered by drying. If it is 60% by mass or more, bukuryo is formed in the middle to lower layer of the mycelium and then inoculated with seed bukuryo. When cultivating, it may inhibit the enlargement of seeds.
上記のようにして調製された菌床にマツホドの種菌を接種する。マツホドの種菌の接種にあたっては、例えば、アカマツオガクズを基材とし、小麦ふすまやグルコースなどの栄養成分を添加した菌床培地で前培養した種菌を、菌床１ｋｇに対し５〜１０ｇ程度添加すればよい。前培養で接種するマツホドの菌糸としては、採取した野生のものや、ＡＴＣＣ（Ａｍｅｒｉｃａｎ Ｔｙｐｅ Ｃｕｌｔｕｒｅ Ｃｏｌｌｅｃｔｉｏｎ）、農業生物資源ジーンバンク（ＮＩＡＳ ＧｅｎｅＢａｎｋ）などの保存機関から分譲を受けたものを使用することができる。 The inoculum of matsuhodo is inoculated into the fungus bed prepared as described above. When inoculating pine seeds, for example, about 5 to 10 g of seeds pre-cultured in a microbial bed medium based on red pine sawdust and added with nutrients such as wheat bran and glucose may be added to about 5 to 10 g of microbial bed. Good. As the mycelium of matsuhod inoculated in the pre-culture, it is possible to use the collected wild ones or those that have been sold from conservation institutions such as ATCC (American Type Culture Collection), Agricultural Bioresource Genebank (NIAS GeneBank), etc. it can.
次に接種されたマツホドの種菌を培養して菌床表面に菌糸マットを形成させる（工程（２））。培養の温度は２４〜３２℃が好ましく、２８〜３０℃がより好ましい。この範囲であると、菌糸成育が早くなるため好ましい。また湿度は６０％以上とすることが好ましい。 Next, the inoculated matsuhodo inoculum is cultured to form a hypha mat on the surface of the fungus bed (step (2)). The culture temperature is preferably 24-32 ° C, more preferably 28-30 ° C. This range is preferable because hyphal growth is accelerated. The humidity is preferably 60% or more.
上記条件でマツホドの種菌を培養することにより、菌糸が菌床全体に蔓延し、その後菌糸の少なくとも一部が菌床の表面に露出して菌糸マットが形成される。このように菌床の表面において菌糸が生育し菌糸マットを形成することにより、菌糸の生育の過程でオガクズが噛み込むことが少ないため、菌糸が種ブクリョウと融合する際に、オガクズがブクリョウに混入することを防止できる。この菌糸マットの厚みは、例えば、０．５〜２ｃｍ程度が好ましく、１ｃｍ以上がより好ましい。このような厚みの菌糸マットが形成されることにより、その上に種ブクリョウを接種して肥大化させる際に、種ブクリョウとオガクズとの接触を遮断してオガクズの混入を防止するとともに、菌糸マットを介してオガクズから種ブクリョウへ十分な栄養が供給されるため肥大が促進される。なお、培養の過程にある菌糸は栄養菌糸であるが、栄養菌糸同士が密着し、内部の水分が抜けて組織が硬く密になると菌核であるブクリョウが形成され、その際に栄養菌糸は菌核菌糸に形態変化すると考えられる。菌糸マットは栄養菌糸が密着した状態であるが、その一部において菌核菌糸に形態変化し、ブクリョウを形成していてもよい。 By cultivating the seeds of matsuhod under the above conditions, the mycelium spreads throughout the mycelium, and then at least a part of the mycelium is exposed on the surface of the mycelium to form a hypha mat. Since hyphae grow on the surface of the mycelium and form a hypha mat, sawdust is less likely to bite in the process of hyphae growth. Can be prevented. The thickness of this mycelium mat is, for example, preferably about 0.5 to 2 cm, and more preferably 1 cm or more. When the hypha mat having such a thickness is formed, the seed mats are inoculated and enlarged, thereby preventing contact of the seeds and the sawdust to prevent the inclusion of sawdust, and the mycelium mat. Enlargement is promoted because sufficient nutrients are supplied from sawdust to seeds. The mycelium in the process of culturing is vegetative mycelium, but when the vegetative mycelium comes into close contact with each other and the internal moisture is lost and the tissue becomes hard and dense, buccals, which are mycorrhiza, are formed. It is thought that the morphological change to nuclear mycelium. The hypha mat is in a state in which the vegetative mycelium is in close contact, but a part of the hypha mat may change into a mycorrhizal mycelium and may form a broom.
このように形成された菌糸マット上に、種ブクリョウを接種する（工程（３））。種ブクリョウは、ブクリョウ肥大の効率という点から、例えば菌床の質量が２．５ｋｇである場合、１個当たりの質量が１５ｇ〜４０ｇであることが好ましく、２０ｇ〜３０ｇであることがより好ましい。また種ブクリョウは、未成熟のもの又は成熟したもののいずれでも良く、大きいものを分割したものでも良い。種ブクリョウの皮はそのままでもよいが、除去してもよい。このような種ブクリョウを、菌床表面に形成された菌糸マット上の中央部に載置すればよい。種ブクリョウは、１つの培地に２個以上接種してもよいが、肥大の効率の観点から１個のみ接種することが好ましい。 On the mycelial mat formed in this manner, seed seedling is inoculated (step (3)). From the viewpoint of the efficiency of enlargement of seedlings, for example, when the mass of the fungus bed is 2.5 kg, the mass per seed is preferably 15 g to 40 g, and more preferably 20 g to 30 g. Further, the seed bulb may be immature or mature, and may be obtained by dividing a large one. The seed skin can be left as it is, but it may be removed. What is necessary is just to mount such a seed bulb on the center part on the mycelia mat formed in the fungus bed surface. Two or more seed bulbs may be inoculated in one medium, but it is preferable to inoculate only one seed from the viewpoint of the efficiency of hypertrophy.
上記のようにして接種した種ブクリョウを培養して肥大させる（工程（４））。種ブクリョウを菌床表面に形成された菌糸マットに載置し、そのままの状態で培養してもよいが、菌糸マットの上に砂を積層し、種ブクリョウの一部又は全部をその中に埋没させた状態で培養すると、肥大化したブクリョウの形状が球形になり、剥皮する際にロスが少なくなり、収量が向上するために好ましい。種ブクリョウの一部を露出した状態で培養すると、種ブクリョウの表面が乾燥して割れ等が生じる場合があるため、砂の中に完全に埋没させた状態で培養することが好適である。砂としては、川砂、海砂、山砂等を使用することができ、例えば、平均粒径０．５〜２．０ｍｍ程度の川砂を厚さ１０〜３０ｃｍ程度、好ましくは２０〜４０ｃｍ程度菌糸マット上に積層し、種ブクリョウを完全に埋没させた状態で培養することにより球状のブクリョウを得ることができる。 The seed inoculated as described above is cultured and enlarged (step (4)). You may place seed bulbs on the mycelium mat formed on the surface of the fungus bed and cultivate the seeds as they are, but layer the sand on the mycelia mat and embed some or all of the seed bulbs in it. Cultivation in such a state is preferable because the enlarged buccal shape becomes spherical, loss is reduced when peeling and the yield is improved. When culturing in a state where a part of the seed bulb is exposed, the surface of the seed bulb may be dried to cause cracks and the like. Therefore, it is preferable to culture the seed bulb in a state where it is completely buried in sand. As the sand, river sand, sea sand, mountain sand, etc. can be used. For example, river sand having an average particle size of about 0.5 to 2.0 mm is about 10 to 30 cm thick, preferably about 20 to 40 cm. Spherical bukkake can be obtained by laying on top and culturing with the seed bukkake completely buried.
種ブクリョウの肥大の為の培養は、温度２０〜３５℃が好ましく、２４〜３２℃がより好ましい。また培養環境の湿度は、あまり乾燥した状態は好ましくなく、６０％以上とすることが好ましい。また培養中は二酸化炭素濃度が高い方が好ましく、そのために密封性の高い容器内で培養することが好ましい。このような条件で、例えば９０〜１２０日程度培養することにより、ブクリョウが肥大化し、例えば接種した種ブクリョウの質量の１０〜２５倍、好ましくは２５倍以上に肥大させることができる。 The culture for the enlargement of the seedling is preferably 20 to 35 ° C, more preferably 24 to 32 ° C. Further, the humidity of the culture environment is not preferably too dry, and is preferably 60% or more. Further, during culture, it is preferable that the carbon dioxide concentration is high. Therefore, it is preferable to culture in a container with high sealing performance. Under such conditions, for example, by culturing for about 90 to 120 days, buccals are enlarged, and can be enlarged to, for example, 10 to 25 times, preferably 25 times or more the mass of seeded seedlings.
以下、発明を実施例に基づき説明する。なお本発明は、実施例によりなんら限定されるものではない。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described based on examples. The present invention is not limited to the examples.
試験例１
窒素源添加による菌糸育成への影響；
窒素源として、尿素（和光純薬工業）、硫酸アンモニウム(和光純薬工業)、硝酸アンモニウム（和光純薬工業）、ペプトン（DIFCO 日本ベクトン・ディッキンソン）、酵母エキス（DIFCO 日本ベクトン・ディッキンソン）、米ぬか、小麦ふすまを用い、これらを菌床に添加した場合のマツホドの菌糸の生育に与える影響を調べた。菌床に使用するオガクズとしてアカマツ材を用いた。各窒素源の添加量は水分含量４５質量％に調整した菌床１ｋｇに対して２ｇ（０．２質量％）の硝酸アンモニウム（ＮＨ４ＮＯ３）を基準とし、窒素含量が０．２質量％の硝酸アンモニウムと同等になるように添加した。硝酸アンモニウムの添加量は、乾燥オガクズによる菌床として換算すると０．３６質量％ {２ｇ/(１０００ｇ-４５０ｇ)*１００}となる。ペプトン、酵母エキス、米ぬか、小麦ふすまについては、菌床湿重量に対して０．２質量％になるように添加した。すなわち、オガクズの水分含量を４０〜４５質量％になるように調整した菌床１ｋｇに対し、上記窒素源を添加、混合して菌床を調製し、これを底面の直径が７．５ｃｍ、高さ１３ｃｍの円筒形のポットに８０ｇずつ詰めた（ｎ＝９）。菌床の底から表面までの高さは６ｃｍ程度であった。１２０℃で６０分間滅菌処理を行った後以下の条件で前培養したマツホドの種菌５ｇを植菌した。接種後２６〜３０℃、湿度５０〜６０％に維持された室内で、当該ポットを保管培養し、１週間〜１０日おきに観察して以下の項目について評価した。窒素源の代わりに水を添加したものを対照とした。結果を表１に示す。
（前培養条件）
オガクズ、小麦ふすまおよびグルコース（３Ｌ:０．８８Ｌ:４０ｇ）を混合した菌床培地を水分含量約５０％に調整し、これに母菌株となるマツホドの菌糸を植菌して温度２８〜３０℃、湿度５０〜６０％の環境下で３０日間培養した。Test example 1
Effect of adding nitrogen source on hyphal growth;
Nitrogen sources include urea (Wako Pure Chemical Industries), ammonium sulfate (Wako Pure Chemical Industries), ammonium nitrate (Wako Pure Chemical Industries), peptone (DIFCO Nippon Becton Dickinson), yeast extract (DIFCO Nippon Becton Dickinson), rice bran, wheat Using bran, the effect of adding these to the fungal bed on the growth of the mycelium of matsuhod was examined. Red pine wood was used as sawdust used for the fungus bed. The amount of each nitrogen source added is based on 2 g (0.2% by mass) of ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3 ) per 1 kg of bacterial bed adjusted to a moisture content of 45% by mass, and the nitrogen content is 0.2% by mass. It added so that it might become equivalent to ammonium nitrate. The amount of ammonium nitrate added is 0.36% by mass {2 g / (1000 g-450 g) * 100} when converted as a fungus bed with dried sawdust. About peptone, yeast extract, rice bran, and wheat bran, it was added so that it might become 0.2 mass% with respect to a microbial bed wet weight. That is, to 1 kg of fungus bed adjusted so that the moisture content of sawdust is 40 to 45% by mass, the above nitrogen source is added and mixed to prepare a fungus bed, which has a bottom diameter of 7.5 cm and a high height. 80 g each was packed into a 13 cm cylindrical pot (n = 9). The height from the bottom of the fungus bed to the surface was about 6 cm. After sterilizing at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes, 5 g of pine seed inoculum pre-cultured under the following conditions were inoculated. After inoculation, the pot was stored and cultured in a room maintained at 26 to 30 ° C. and humidity of 50 to 60%, and observed every week to 10 days to evaluate the following items. As a control, water was added in place of the nitrogen source. The results are shown in Table 1.
(Pre-culture conditions)
The fungus bed medium mixed with sawdust, wheat bran and glucose (3L: 0.88L: 40g) was adjusted to a water content of about 50%, and then the mycelium of Matsuhodo as the mother strain was inoculated to a temperature of 28-30 ° C. The culture was performed in an environment of 50-60% humidity for 30 days.
＜項目＞
1) 菌糸生育速度
2) 中〜下層ブクリョウ形成率<Item>
1) Mycelium growth rate
2) Middle to lower layered formation rate
＜評価方法＞
1) 菌糸生育速度
目視により６段階で評価した（菌廻り悪い-＜+＜++＜+++＜++++＜+++++菌廻り大変良い）。
2) 中〜下層ブクリョウ形成率
菌床の中〜下層（菌床の高さ６ｃｍのうち底面から４ｃｍ以内の範囲）にブクリョウが形成されたポット数の総ブクリョウ形成ポット数に対する割合を算出した(%)。<Evaluation method>
1) Mycelial growth rate Visually evaluated on a 6-point scale (bad around bacteria-<+ <++ <+++ <++++ <+++++ around bacteria are very good).
2) Rate of formation of middle to lower layered buccals The ratio of the number of pots with buccals formed in the middle to lower layer of the fungus bed (within 4 cm from the bottom of the 6 cm height of the fungus bed) to the total number of buccal formation pots was calculated ( %).
米ぬか、小麦ふすま、尿素、ペプトン、酵母エキスを添加した試験区は、いずれも菌床の中〜下層にブクリョウを形成し、またブクリョウ中のオガクズの噛み込み量も多かった。これに対し、硝酸アンモニウムまたは硫酸アンモニウムを添加した試験区は、ほとんど中〜下層にブクリョウ形成が認められなかった。 Rice bran, wheat bran, urea, peptone, test group with the addition of yeast extract, both form a Bukuryou to ~ lower in the mushroom bed, and the amount biting sawdust in Bukuryou there were many. On the other hand, in the test group to which ammonium nitrate or ammonium sulfate was added, almost no middle-to-lower layer formation was observed.
試験例２
アンモニウム塩の添加量による菌糸育成への影響：
菌床の基材としてアカマツのオガクズを用いた。最終的にオガクズ全体の水分含量が４０−４５質量％になるように水分調整した菌床１ｋｇに対して、硝酸アンモニウム（ＮＨ４ＮＯ３）を０、１、２、４、８ｇ（０、０．１、０．２、０．４、０．８質量％）となるように添加、混合して菌床を調製し、底面の直径が７．５ｃｍ、高さ１３ｃｍの円筒形のポットに８０ｇずつ詰めた（n＝9）。菌床の底から表面までの高さは約６cmであった。１２０℃で６０分間滅菌処理を行った後、試験例１記載の方法で前培養を行ったマツホドの菌糸５ｇを植菌した。接種後３０℃で室内培養し、１週間〜１０日おきに観察して、試験例１と同様にして菌糸の育成について評価した。結果を表２に示す。
Test example 2
Effect of added amount of ammonium salt on hyphae growth:
Red pine sawdust was used as a base material for the fungus bed. Finally, 0, 1, 2, 4 , 8 g of ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3 ) ( 0, 0,. 1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.8% by mass) to prepare a bacterial bed by mixing and mixing, 80 g each in a cylindrical pot with a bottom diameter of 7.5 cm and a height of 13 cm Stuffed (n = 9). The height from the bottom of the fungus bed to the surface was about 6 cm. After sterilization at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes, 5 g of mycelia of Matsuho precultured by the method described in Test Example 1 was inoculated. After inoculation, the cells were cultured at 30 ° C., observed every 1 to 10 days, and evaluated for hyphal growth in the same manner as in Test Example 1. The results are shown in Table 2.
いずれも菌糸成育及び菌廻りが向上したが、特に硝酸アンモニウム濃度０．２〜０．４質量％で菌糸成育が良好であり、かつ中〜下層でのブクリョウ形成を抑制できることが示された。 In both cases, the mycelium growth and the fungus growth were improved, but it was shown that the mycelium growth was particularly good at an ammonium nitrate concentration of 0.2 to 0.4% by mass, and that the formation of bucurium in the middle to lower layers could be suppressed.
試験例３
カリウム塩による菌糸育成への影響：
菌床の基材としてアカマツのオガクズを用いた。最終的にオガクズ全体の水分含量が４０−４５質量％になるように水分調整した菌床１ｋｇに対して、硝酸アンモニウム（ＮＨ４ＮＯ３）を０．２質量％、リン酸カリウム（Ｋ２ＨＰＯ４，ＫＨ２ＰＯ４混合）０．３質量％となるように添加、混合して菌床を調製し、底面の直径が７．５ｃｍ、高さ１３ｃｍの円筒形のポットに８０ｇずつ詰めた（n＝9）。菌床の底から表面までの高さはおよそ６ｃｍであった。１２０℃で６０分間滅菌処理を行った後、試験例１と同様にして前培養したマツホドの種菌５gを植菌した。接種後３０℃で室内培養し、１週間〜１０日おきに観察して、試験例１と同様にして菌糸育成速度および中〜下層ブクリョウ形成率について評価した。結果を表３に示す。Test example 3
Effects of potassium salt on hyphae growth:
Red pine sawdust was used as a base material for the fungus bed. Finally, 0.2 kg of ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3 ) and potassium phosphate (K 2 HPO 4 ) are used for 1 kg of the bacterial bed whose water content is adjusted so that the water content of the whole sawdust is 40-45 wt%. , KH 2 PO 4 mixture) added and mixed so as to be 0.3% by mass to prepare a bacterial bed, and packed each 80 g into a cylindrical pot having a bottom diameter of 7.5 cm and a height of 13 cm (n = 9). The height from the bottom to the surface of the fungus bed was approximately 6 cm. After sterilizing at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes, inoculated with 5 g of pine seed inoculum pre-cultured in the same manner as in Test Example 1. After inoculation, the cells were cultured at 30 ° C., observed every 1 to 10 days, and evaluated in the same manner as in Test Example 1 for the mycelium growth rate and the middle to lower layered growth rate. The results are shown in Table 3.
０．２質量％の硝酸アンモニウムに加えリン酸カリウムを０．３質量％加えた試験区では０．２質量％の硝酸アンモニウムのみの試験区と比較して菌糸成育速度が良好であった。 In the test group in which 0.3% by mass of potassium phosphate was added in addition to 0.2% by mass of ammonium nitrate, the mycelium growth rate was better than that in the test group of only 0.2% by mass of ammonium nitrate.
試験例４
カルシウム塩による菌糸育成への影響：
菌床の基材としてアカマツのオガクズを用いた。最終的にオガクズ全体の水分含量が４０−４５質量％になるように水分調整した菌床１ｋｇに対して、硝酸アンモニウム（ＮＨ４ＮＯ３）０、０．２質量％、リン酸カリウム（Ｋ２ＨＰＯ４，ＫＨ２ＰＯ４混合）０、０．０３、０．１６、０．３、３質量％、塩化カルシウム（ＣａＣｌ２・Ｈ２O）０．０１、０．０３、０．１質量％となるように添加、混合して菌床を調製し、底面の直径が７．５ｃｍ、高さ１３ｃｍの円筒形のポットに８０ｇずつ詰めた（n＝9）。菌床の底から表面までの高さは６cmであった。１２０℃で６０分間滅菌処理を行った後、試験例１と同様にして前培養したマツホドの種菌５ｇを植菌した。接種後３０℃で室内培養し、１週間〜１０日おきに観察して、試験例１と同様にして菌糸育成速度および中〜下層ブクリョウ形成率について評価した。結果を表４に示す。
Test example 4
Effects of calcium salts on hyphae growth:
Red pine sawdust was used as a base material for the fungus bed. Finally, ammonium nitrate (NH 4 NO 3 ) 0, 0.2% by mass, potassium phosphate (K 2 HPO) with respect to 1 kg of the bacterial bed whose water content was adjusted so that the moisture content of the whole sawdust was 40-45% by mass 4 , KH 2 PO 4 mixture) 0, 0.03, 0.16, 0.3, 3% by mass, calcium chloride (CaCl 2 .H 2 O) 0.01, 0.03, 0.1% by mass The fungus bed was prepared by adding and mixing so that 80 g was packed in a cylindrical pot having a bottom diameter of 7.5 cm and a height of 13 cm (n = 9). The height from the bottom of the fungus bed to the surface was 6 cm. After sterilization at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes, 5 g of pine seed inoculum pre-cultured in the same manner as in Test Example 1 was inoculated. After inoculation, the cells were cultured at 30 ° C., observed every 1 to 10 days, and evaluated in the same manner as in Test Example 1 for the mycelium growth rate and the middle to lower layered growth rate. The results are shown in Table 4.
表４より、さらにカルシウム塩を添加することにより、菌糸の生育が良好となり、菌糸マットも厚くなった。また中〜下層におけるブクリョウ形成が抑制された。 From Table 4, by further adding calcium salt, the growth of the mycelium became good and the hypha mat became thick. In addition, the formation of bukuryo in the middle to lower layers was suppressed.
試験例５
糖質の添加による菌糸育成への影響：
菌床に使用するオガクズとしてアカマツを使用し、糖質としてグルコース（和光純薬工業）、ガラクトース（東京化成工業）、フルクトース（国産化学）、スクロース（和光純薬工業）、マルトース（東京化成工業）、可溶性でんぷん（和光純薬工業）、セルロース（和光純薬工業）を用いた。各糖質は水分含量４５質量％に調整した菌床１ｋｇに対して１０ｇ（１質量％）添加した。菌床を１２０℃で６０分間滅菌処理した。滅菌後、菌床を室温まで冷ました後、試験例１と同様にして前培養したマツホドの種菌５gを植菌した。植菌後培養は３０℃の気槽恒温器内にて行った。糖質無添加なものを対照とした。１週間〜１０日おきに観察を続け、菌糸育成速度について4段階で評価した（菌廻り悪い＜+＜++＜+++＜++++菌廻り大変良い）。結果を表５に示す。Test Example 5
Effects of adding carbohydrates on hyphae growth:
Red pine is used as sawdust used in the fungus bed, and glucose (Wako Pure Chemical Industries), galactose (Tokyo Chemical Industry), fructose (domestic chemical), sucrose (Wako Pure Chemical Industries), maltose (Tokyo Chemical Industry) Soluble starch (Wako Pure Chemical Industries) and cellulose (Wako Pure Chemical Industries) were used. 10 g (1% by mass) of each saccharide was added to 1 kg of the bacterial bed adjusted to a moisture content of 45% by mass. The fungus bed was sterilized at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes. After sterilization, the fungus bed was cooled to room temperature, and then inoculated with 5 g of pre-cultured inoculum of Matsuhod as in Test Example 1. The culture after inoculation was performed in an air bath incubator at 30 ° C. As a control, no carbohydrate was added. Observation was continued every week to 10 days, and the hyphae growth rate was evaluated in 4 stages (better around bacteria <+ <++ <+++ <++++ around bacteria). The results are shown in Table 5.
セルロース、グルコースが最も生育が良好であり、続いてマルトース、可溶性でんぷん、ガラクトースが良好であった。 Cellulose and glucose showed the best growth, followed by maltose, soluble starch and galactose.
試験例６
オガクズの種類による菌糸育成速度への影響：
オガクズとしてアカマツ、カラマツ、スギ、タケを用いた。最終的にオガクズの水分含量が４５〜５０質量％になるように調整した後、８０ｇずつ底面の直径が７．５ｃｍ、高さ１３ｃｍの円筒形のポットに詰めた（ｎ＝10）。１２０℃で６０分間高圧滅菌処理を行った後、試験例１と同様にして前培養したマツホドの種菌５ｇを植菌した。接種後３０℃で室内培養し、１週間〜１０日おきに観察して、試験例１と同様にして菌糸生育速度について評価した。水を添加したものをコントロールとした。結果を表６に示す。またアカマツと、カラマツ、スギ、タケ、またオガクズ以外の基材としてコーンコブとを体積比１：１で混合した菌床についても同様にして評価した。結果を表７に示す。Test Example 6
Effect of sawdust on hyphae growth rate:
Red pine, larch, cedar and bamboo were used as sawdust. Finally, the water content of sawdust was adjusted to 45 to 50% by mass, and then packed in a cylindrical pot having a bottom diameter of 7.5 cm and a height of 13 cm (n = 10). After high-pressure sterilization at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes, 5 g of pine seed inoculum pre-cultured in the same manner as in Test Example 1 was inoculated. After inoculation, the cells were cultured at 30 ° C., observed every 1 to 10 days, and evaluated for mycelial growth rate in the same manner as in Test Example 1. What added water was made into control. The results are shown in Table 6. The fungus bed in which pine and corn cob as a base material other than larch, cedar, bamboo, and sawdust were mixed at a volume ratio of 1: 1 was similarly evaluated. The results are shown in Table 7.
表６に示されるとおり、いずれのオガクズを用いても菌糸の生育は可能であった。また表７より、アカマツオガクズと他のオガクズやコーンコブを混合しても生育できることが示された。 As shown in Table 6, mycelia could be grown using any sawdust. Moreover, Table 7 showed that it can grow even when red pine sawdust and other sawdust and corn cob are mixed.
試験例７
砂の重層の有無による菌核形成に対する影響：
水分４３質量％に調整したアカマツオガクズをシイタケ用２．８ｋｇ栽培袋２６袋にそれぞれ１ｋｇずつ充填し、１１０℃９０分にて高圧蒸気滅菌後、クリーンルーム内で室温にて1日間程度放冷した。その後、あらかじめオガクズに試験例１記載の条件で前培養したマツホド種菌を約１５ｇ程度接種し２３℃にて約２ヶ月間培養を行った。培養後に栽培袋全体に菌糸が回ったものについて、栽培袋の菌床表面の菌糸マットの上に種ブクリョウ約１０ｇを接種した。２０袋については、その上に滅菌した川砂を厚さ２０ｃｍ程度のせて接種した種ブクリョウを完全に砂の中に埋没させた。残りの６袋は川砂を積層せずそのままの状態とし、２３℃にて培養を継続した。菌床表面が乾燥するのを防ぐため、２日間に１度の間隔でミスト灌水装置を用いて灌水を行った。約３ヶ月培養後のブクリョウの写真を図１に示す。Test Example 7
The effect of the presence or absence of sand overlay on sclerotia:
1 kg each of 2.8 kg cultivation bags for shiitake mushrooms adjusted to a moisture content of 43% by mass was sterilized at 110 ° C. for 90 minutes and then allowed to cool at room temperature in a clean room for about one day. Thereafter, about 15 g of pre-cultured Matsuhodo inoculum was previously inoculated on the sawdust under the conditions described in Test Example 1 and cultured at 23 ° C. for about 2 months. About what mycelia turned to the whole cultivation bag after culture | cultivation, about 10g of seed bulbs were inoculated on the hypha mat of the fungus bed surface of the cultivation bag. About 20 bags, the seed bulb which inoculated the sterilized river sand about 20 cm in thickness on it was completely buried in sand. The remaining 6 bags were left as they were without laminating river sand, and the culture was continued at 23 ° C. In order to prevent the surface of the fungus bed from drying, watering was performed using a mist watering device once every two days. Fig. 1 shows a photograph of Bukkuri after about 3 months of culture.
図１に示すとおり、砂を重層せずに培養したものは不定形となったのに対し（ａ）、砂を重層して培養した菌核は球形となることが示された（ｂ）。 As shown in FIG. 1, it was shown that those cultured without sand layering became amorphous (a), whereas the fungal nuclei cultured with sand layering were spherical (b).
試験例８
栄養剤添加による菌糸育成およびブクリョウ肥大化に対する影響：
菌床の基材としてカラマツのオガクズを用いた。菌床の水分を４５．１質量%になるように調整したオガクズ２．０kgに、硫酸アンモニウム（(ＮＨ４)２ＳＯ４）０．２質量％を添加した菌床（試験区１，ｎ＝４７）と、さらにリン酸カリウム（Ｋ２ＨＰＯ４，ＫＨ２ＰＯ４）０．０３質量％、塩化カルシウム（ＣａＣｌ２・Ｈ２Ｏ）０．０３質量％／ｋｇ、ビタミンＢ１ ０．００２質量％、上白糖１質量％を添加した菌床（試験区２，ｎ＝４３）を調製した。これを栽培袋に充填し、１１７℃６０分にて高圧蒸気滅菌後、クリーンルーム内で室温にて１日間程度放冷した。その後、培養期間を５０日とした以外は試験例１と同様にして前培養したマツホドの種菌を５ｇ植菌し、２６℃で培養した。菌糸が栽培袋全体に蔓延し、表面に菌糸マットを形成した後、その上に種ブクリョウを載置して接種を行なった。接種後は砂を乗せた後、２３℃の暗所恒温室にて培養し、１１０日目で収穫を行った。それぞれの試験区について、収穫後のブクリョウ重量と種ブクリョウ重量に対する肥大率を調べた。Test Example 8
Effects of nutritional supplements on hyphal growth and blouse enlargement:
Larch sawdust was used as a base material for the fungus bed. Bacteria bed (test group 1, n = 47) in which ammonium sulfate ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ) 0.2% by mass was added to 2.0 kg of sawdust adjusted to 45.1% by mass of moisture in the fungus bed. ), And potassium phosphate (K 2 HPO 4 , KH 2 PO 4 ) 0.03% by mass, calcium chloride (CaCl 2 · H 2 O) 0.03% by mass / kg, vitamin B1 0.002% by mass, A fungus bed (test group 2, n = 43) to which 1% by mass of sucrose was added was prepared. This was filled in a cultivation bag, autoclaved at 117 ° C. for 60 minutes, and allowed to cool at room temperature in a clean room for about one day. Thereafter, 5 g of inoculated matsuhod pre-cultured in the same manner as in Test Example 1 except that the culture period was 50 days, was inoculated and cultured at 26 ° C. The mycelium spread throughout the cultivation bag and formed a mycelial mat on the surface, and then seed seeds were placed thereon and inoculated. After inoculation, after putting sand, it was cultured in a dark constant temperature room at 23 ° C. and harvested on the 110th day. About each test plot, the enlargement rate with respect to the weight after harvest and seed weight was investigated.
試験区１では、収穫した４７菌床の平均ブクリョウ重量は２６７．０ｇ （ｎ＝４７ Ｓ．Ｄ．±７１．０）であった。乗せた種ブクリョウは平均重量 ２２．０ｇ (ｎ＝４７ Ｓ．Ｄ．±５．６)であり、平均ブクリョウ肥大率（＝（ブクリョウ収穫重量/接種した種ブクリョウ重量）×１００）は１２６４％ （ｎ＝４７ Ｓ．Ｄ．±４１０．０）であったことから、接種した種ブクリョウのおよそ１３倍に肥大した。一方、試験区２では、平均重量４４１．４ｇ（ｎ＝７ Ｓ．Ｄ．±２３．４）であり、平均ブクリョウ肥大率は２２８９％ （ｎ＝４３ Ｓ．Ｄ．±５７８．６）であったことから、種ブクリョウ接種後２ヶ月でおよそ２３倍に肥大することが分かった。試験区１と試験区２を比較すると、平均ブクリョウ重量にして試験区２は試験区１の１．５倍重く、約１．８倍大きく肥大しており、アンモニウム塩のみでも良好な肥大化を示すが、さらにカリウム塩等を添加することにより肥大化が促進されることが明らかとなった。また、得られたブクリョウはオガクズの混入が無いものであった。更に、菌糸マットの状態は、両方の試験区とも表面に厚い菌糸マットを形成したが、試験区２の方がより柔らかい菌糸マットを形成した。このように菌糸マットが柔らかいとブクリョウが接着しやすい利点がある。 In test group 1, the average weight of 47 harvested bacterial beds was 267.0 g (n = 47 SD ± 71.0). The seeded seedling has an average weight of 22.0 g (n = 47 SD ± 5.6), and the average ratio of beetle enlargement (= (brushing harvest weight / inoculated seeding weight) × 100) is 1264% ( n = 47 SD ± 410.0), and thus the size of the seeded seedling was enlarged to about 13 times. On the other hand, in the test group 2, the average weight was 441.4 g (n = 7 SD ± 23.4), and the average beetle enlargement rate was 2289% (n = 43 SD ± 578.6). From the above, it was found that the size was enlarged about 23 times in 2 months after seed inoculation. Comparing test area 1 and test area 2, the average weight of the test area 2 is 1.5 times heavier than test area 1 and is about 1.8 times larger, and only with ammonium salt, the enlargement is good. As shown, it became clear that further enlargement was promoted by adding a potassium salt or the like. Moreover, the obtained bukuro was a thing without the inclusion of sawdust. Furthermore, as for the state of the mycelia mat, a thick mycelia mat was formed on the surface in both test sections, but a softer hypha mat was formed in the test section 2. Thus, when the mycelial mat is soft, there is an advantage that the bud is easy to adhere.
試験例９
シナニッケイオガクズにおけるマツホド菌糸の育成：
オガクズとしてシナニッケイを用いた。菌床の水分を４５．１質量%になるように調整したオガクズ２．０ｋｇに、添加成分として硫酸アンモニウム（(ＮＨ４)２ＳＯ４）０．２質量％、リン酸カリウム（Ｋ２ＨＰＯ４，ＫＨ２ＰＯ４）０．０３質量％、塩化カルシウム（ＣａＣｌ２・Ｈ２Ｏ）０．０３質量％／ｋｇ、ビタミンＢ１ ０．００２質量％および上白糖１質量％を添加した菌床を調製した。調製した菌床８０ｇを底面の直径が７．５ｃｍ、高さ１３ｃｍの円筒形のポットに詰めた（ｎ＝1）。１２０℃で６０分間高圧滅菌処理を行った後、試験例１と同様にして前培養したマツホドの種菌５ｇを植菌した。接種後３０℃で４０日間室内培養した。その結果、シナニッケイのオガクズを用いてもマツホド菌糸が生育できることを確認した。
Test Example 9
Breeding of Matsuhodo mycelium in Sinanikei sawdust:
Sinanikei was used as sawdust. To 2.0 kg of sawdust adjusted to 45.1 mass% moisture in the fungus bed, 0.2 mass% ammonium sulfate ((NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 ), potassium phosphate (K 2 HPO 4 , A fungus bed to which KH 2 PO 4 ) 0.03% by mass, calcium chloride (CaCl 2 · H 2 O) 0.03% by mass / kg, vitamin B1 0.002% by mass and super white sugar 1% by mass was prepared. . 80 g of the prepared fungus bed was packed in a cylindrical pot having a bottom diameter of 7.5 cm and a height of 13 cm (n = 1). After high-pressure sterilization at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes, 5 g of pine seed inoculum pre-cultured in the same manner as in Test Example 1 was inoculated. After inoculation, the cells were cultured at 30 ° C. for 40 days. As a result, it was confirmed that Matsuhodo mycelium can be grown even when Sinanikei sawdust is used.
本発明のブクリョウの栽培方法によれば、オガクズが混入することなく、良質なブクリョウを効率良く生産することが可能であり、生薬であるブクリョウの安定供給に有用である。
According to the cultivating method of Bukuryu of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently produce high-quality Bukuryo without mixing sawdust, which is useful for the stable supply of Bakuryu, which is a crude drug.
Claims (10)
（１）オガクズを基材とし、アンモニウム塩を含有する菌床中にマツホドの種菌を接種する工程
（２）マツホドの種菌を培養して菌床表面に菌糸マットを形成させる工程
（３）形成された菌糸マット上に種ブクリョウを接種する工程
（４）接種した種ブクリョウを培養して肥大させる工程
を有することを特徴とするブクリョウの人工栽培方法。 Next steps (1) to (4);
(1) A step of inoculating matsuhodo inoculum in a fungus bed containing sawdust as a base material and containing an ammonium salt (2) a step of culturing the inoculum of matsuhod to form a hypha mat on the fungus bed surface (3) formed (4) A method for artificially cultivating bukkake, comprising the step of culturing and inoculating the inoculated seed bud on a mycelial mat.
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| KR101865140B1 (en) | 2015-08-25 | 2018-07-04 | 대한민국 | Medium composition for culturing Poria cocos and the culturing method for Poria cocos thereby |
| KR20180112149A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-12 | 경상북도(농업기술원) | Mass production method of wolfiporia cocos fruitbody |
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| CN106946608A (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2017-07-14 | 滁州恒盛农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method that Poria cocos is planted with wood chip |
| CN107711290B (en) * | 2017-09-28 | 2020-07-24 | 山西省农业科学院食用菌研究所 | Culture medium for mycorrhizal edible fungus symbiotic seedling and synchronous culture method thereof |
| CN108713449A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-10-30 | 安徽亚泰天然植物科技有限公司 | A kind of cultural method of Poria cocos |
| CN113711849B (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2023-03-31 | 安庆师范大学 | Poria cocos cultivar culture medium, compressed pine segments and poria cocos cultivation method |
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| JP2835523B2 (en) * | 1989-04-29 | 1998-12-14 | 森産業株式会社 | Artificial cultivation method of Bacillus sclerotium |
| JPH1023830A (en) * | 1996-07-11 | 1998-01-27 | Tsumura & Co | Artificial culture of poria cocos |
| CN101731100A (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2010-06-16 | *** | Cultivating method of poria cocos bag material |
| CN102090265A (en) * | 2010-11-25 | 2011-06-15 | 罗田县九资河茯苓专业合作社 | Indoor bag cultivation method of poria |
| CN102523922A (en) * | 2012-01-13 | 2012-07-04 | 河南科技大学 | Method for cultivating Poria cocos fruiting bodies |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR101865140B1 (en) | 2015-08-25 | 2018-07-04 | 대한민국 | Medium composition for culturing Poria cocos and the culturing method for Poria cocos thereby |
| KR101821351B1 (en) * | 2016-02-11 | 2018-01-25 | 강원도 | Method for mass production of Poria cocos |
| KR20180112149A (en) * | 2017-03-30 | 2018-10-12 | 경상북도(농업기술원) | Mass production method of wolfiporia cocos fruitbody |
| KR101944611B1 (en) | 2017-03-30 | 2019-02-01 | 경상북도(농업기술원) | Mass production method of wolfiporia cocos fruitbody |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JPWO2014156759A1 (en) | 2017-02-16 |
| CN104284578B (en) | 2016-06-08 |
| WO2014156759A1 (en) | 2014-10-02 |
| CN104284578A (en) | 2015-01-14 |
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